A vegetable seedling strengthening microbial composition and substrate and preparation method

Abstract

The application provides a kind of vegetable seedling and seedling strengthening microbial composition and substrate and preparation method, belong to microbial inoculant technical field.The application provides a kind of vegetable seedling microbial composition, including the bacterial liquid of multiple bacteria, its bacterial type includes: bacillus subtilis, bacillus amyloliquefaciens, paenibacillus polymyxa and azospirillum brasilense, each bacterium synergistic effect, can significantly shorten seed germination time, and improve root length and lateral root number.The application is also based on the microbial composition, with mushroom waste, straw and fresh livestock and poultry manure etc. are prepared by closed fermentation to obtain the substrate for vegetable seedling, can directly plant seed in the substrate for vegetable seedling, can further shorten seed germination time, simultaneously in the same time after germination, it is found that, using the substrate for vegetable seedling of the application, the seedling raised is more robust, specifically in stem base is thicker, leaf has larger surface area, and color is darker green.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of microbial agents, and particularly relates to a vegetable seedling raising and seedling strengthening microbial composition and substrate and a preparation method. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the adjustment of agricultural structure, the production of pollution-free high-quality vegetables has become an important part of the structural adjustment. In vegetable cultivation, the key to achieving high yield and high quality is to cultivate strong seedlings, and scientific fertilization and medication are the most effective means.

[0003] At present, there are various fertilizers for vegetable production on the market, and the effects are single, which is difficult to meet the multiple requirements in seedling production. Multiple fertilizers need to be used together, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive, and the cost is high. There is a repulsive reaction between some fertilizers, which is not conducive to the exertion of fertilizer efficiency, and even brings adverse effects on the growth of vegetables. Moreover, the efficiency of the existing fertilizers is weak, and it needs to be further improved.

[0004] In commercial seedling raising, the commonly used substrate materials include peat, rock wool, vermiculite, perlite, bagasse, mushroom residue, sand and ceramsite, etc. At present, rock wool and peat are the most widely used in the world, and are recognized as the ideal cultivation substrate in the world. However, with the increasing use of them year by year, the negative effects on the society and the ecological environment are also becoming increasingly obvious. On the one hand, rock wool is not degradable, and its large-scale use brings secondary pollution to the environment. On the other hand, peat is a non-renewable resource, and its excessive exploitation is dangerous. Therefore, it has become one of the research hotspots for researchers to seek and explore new and excellent seedling raising substrates which are easily available and cheap and can replace the polluting materials such as rock wool. SUMMARY

[0005] The application provides a vegetable seedling raising and seedling strengthening microbial composition and substrate and a preparation method, which can quickly induce the germination of vegetable seeds, has a high seedling rate, and the seedlings are healthy and strong.

[0006] The application provides a microbial composition for vegetable seedling raising, which comprises the following bacterial liquid by mass fraction: 2-6 parts of Bacillus subtilis bacterial liquid, 1-3 parts of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens bacterial liquid, 4-8 parts of Paenibacillus polymyxa bacterial liquid, and 0.1-0.4 parts of Azospirillum brasilense bacterial liquid.

[0007] The cell number in each bacterial liquid is not less than 10 7 cells / mL.

[0008] In one preferred mode of the present application, the culture medium used in the preparation of each bacterial solution comprises the following components at the following concentrations: sucrose 1.0-1.5 g / L, peptone 1.5-1.9 g / L, yeast extract 2.7-3.6 g / L, K2HPO3·3H2O 0.3-0.6 g / L, NaCl 0.2-0.5 g / L, and MgSO4·7H2O 0.1-0.2 g / L.

[0009] The present application also provides a preparation method of the above-mentioned microbial composition for vegetable seedling raising, comprising the following steps: inoculating Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Paenibacillus polymyxa, and Azospirillum brasilense into a culture medium after activation, and fermenting at 28-35°C until OD 600 is not less than 0.6, and the bacterial solution is the microbial composition for vegetable seedling raising;

[0010] The culture medium comprises the following components at the following concentrations: sucrose 1.0-1.5 g / L, peptone 1.5-1.9 g / L, yeast extract 2.7-3.6 g / L, K2HPO3·3H2O 0.3-0.6 g / L, NaCl 0.2-0.5 g / L, and MgSO4·7H2O 0.1-0.2 g / L.

[0011] In one preferred mode of the present application, the fermentation is accompanied by oscillation, and the frequency of the oscillation is 180-220 rpm.

[0012] The present application also provides a substrate for vegetable seedling raising, and the preparation raw materials comprise the above-mentioned microbial composition for vegetable seedling raising or the microbial composition for vegetable seedling raising prepared by the above-mentioned preparation method, mushroom waste, straw, and livestock and poultry manure.

[0013] In one preferred mode of the present application, the mass ratio of the microbial composition for vegetable seedling raising, the mushroom waste, the straw, and the fresh livestock and poultry manure is 5:(12-19):(7-15):6.

[0014] The present application also provides a preparation method of the above-mentioned substrate for vegetable seedling raising, comprising the following steps: mixing the microbial composition for vegetable seedling raising, the mushroom waste, the straw, and the fresh livestock and poultry manure, and then sealing and fermenting for 7-10 days to obtain the substrate for vegetable seedling raising.

[0015] In one preferred mode of the present application, the above-mentioned method further comprises crushing after drying.

[0016] The present application also provides the application of the above-mentioned microbial composition for vegetable seedling raising or the microbial composition for vegetable seedling raising prepared by the above-mentioned preparation method or the above-mentioned substrate for vegetable seedling raising in vegetable seedling raising and seedling strengthening.

[0017] The application further provides a method for rapidly cultivating seedlings and obtaining strong seedlings of vegetables, comprising the following steps: mixing the vegetable seed with the vegetable seedling microbial composition prepared by the method, and then sowing the mixture in a substrate;

[0018] or sowing the vegetable seed in the vegetable seedling substrate or the vegetable seedling substrate prepared by the method.

[0019] Beneficial effects: the application provides a vegetable seedling microbial composition, which comprises bacterial solutions of multiple bacteria, and the types of the bacteria include Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Paenibacillus polymyxa and Azospirillum brasilense, and the bacteria can synergistically significantly shorten the seed germination time and increase the root length and the number of lateral roots.

[0020] The application further prepares a vegetable seedling substrate by closed fermentation of the microbial composition, mushroom waste, straw and fresh livestock and poultry manure, and the seed can be directly planted in the vegetable seedling substrate, which can further shorten the seed germination time, and the seedlings cultivated by the vegetable seedling substrate are more robust, specifically, the stem base is thicker, the leaf has a larger surface area, and the color is darker green. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The application provides a vegetable seedling microbial composition, which comprises bacterial solutions of the following components in mass parts: 2-6 parts of Bacillus subtilis solution, 1-3 parts of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens solution, 4-8 parts of Paenibacillus polymyxa solution and 0.1-0.4 parts of Azospirillum brasilense solution.

[0022] The cell number in each bacterial solution is not less than 10 7 cells / mL.

[0023] The application does not have special limitations on the sources of the bacteria, and common commercially available bacterial powder in the field can be used, and the bacterial powder purchased on the market can be activated according to the content of the instruction manual; then each activated bacterial solution can be inoculated into a culture medium for separate culture, or the activated bacterial solutions can be mixed and inoculated into a culture medium for mixed culture, or any two or three activated bacterial solutions can be inoculated into a culture medium for culture, and then mixed with the culture solution of other bacteria.

[0024] The bacillus subtilis can promote rapid growth of the vegetable seedlings, the bacillus amyloliquefaciens can produce plant growth regulators such as auxin and gibberellin, so as to promote the growth and development of the plant, and meanwhile, the bacillus amyloliquefaciens can have a synergistic effect with the bacillus subtilis to jointly stimulate early germination of the seed, and through the verification of the examples, compared with the separate treatment of the bacillus amyloliquefaciens and the bacillus subtilis and the soaking treatment of the water, the germination time is reduced by one time compared with the soaking treatment of the water.

[0025] The paenibacillus polymyxa has a broad-spectrum bactericidal effect, and has a prevention effect on various vegetable diseases, such as taro soft rot, Chinese cabbage soft rot, pepper root rot, tomato sudden collapse disease, tomato wilt disease and pepper blight, and the like, and can promote rapid growth of the vegetable seedlings; the brazilian nitrogen-fixing spirillum can cope with various adverse environments such as high temperature and adverse pH, has high nitrogenase activity, and has considerable phosphorus solubility and crop growth promoting effect. The combination of the paenibacillus polymyxa and the brazilian nitrogen-fixing spirillum can reduce the use amount of fertilizers, pesticides and bactericides in the vegetable seedling process, and ensure rapid growth of the vegetable seedlings in various environments.

[0026] The combination of the bacillus subtilis, the bacillus amyloliquefaciens, the paenibacillus polymyxa and the brazilian nitrogen-fixing spirillum can also achieve more efficient promotion, such as rapid germination of the vegetable seeds on saline-alkali soil, and growing into strong seedlings with high seedling rate; in the multiple indoor simulation experiments of the examples, under the premise of not using fertilizers, pesticides and bactericides, various types of vegetable seedlings almost do not have diseases, and can quickly survive after thinning and transplanting, and even when transplanted to saline-alkali soil, the survival rate of the vegetable seedlings is higher than 70%, and a synergistic effect is also produced.

[0027] In one preferred mode of the present application, the activated bacteria are prepared in a bacterial solution using the same culture medium, which contains sucrose at a concentration of 1.0-1.5 g / L, such as 1.0 g / L, 1.1 g / L, 1.2 g / L, 1.3 g / L, 1.4 g / L or 1.5 g / L; contains peptone at a concentration of 1.5-1.9 g / L, such as 1.5 g / L, 1.6 g / L, 1.7 g / L, 1.8 g / L or 1.9 g / L; contains yeast extract at a concentration of 2.7-3.6 g / L, such as 2.7 g / L, 2.8 g / L, 2.9 g / L, 3.0 g / L, 3.1 g / L, 3.2 g / L, 3.3 g / L, 3.4 g / L, 3.5 g / L or 3.6 g / L; contains K2HPO3·3H2O at a concentration of 0.3-0.6 g / L, such as 0.3 g / L, 0.4 g / L, 0.5 g / L or 0.6 g / L; contains NaCl at a concentration of 0.2-0.5 g / L, such as 0.2 g / L, 0.3 g / L, 0.4 g / L or 0.5 g / L; and contains MgSO4·7H2O at a concentration of 0.1-0.2 g / L, such as 0.1 g / L or 0.2 g / L.

[0028] The present application also provides a method for preparing the above-mentioned microbial composition for vegetable seedling raising, which comprises the following steps: inoculating Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Paenibacillus polymyxa and Azospirillum brasilense into a culture medium after activation, and fermenting at 28-35°C until the OD600 of the bacterial solution reaches not less than 0.6. 600 The bacterial solution is the microbial composition for vegetable seedling raising;

[0029] The culture medium comprises the following components at the following concentrations: sucrose 1.0-1.5 g / L, peptone 1.5-1.9 g / L, yeast extract 2.7-3.6 g / L, K2HPO3·3H2O 0.3-0.6 g / L, NaCl 0.2-0.5 g / L and MgSO4·7H2O 0.1-0.2 g / L.

[0030] In the present application, the microbial composition for vegetable seedling raising can be obtained by various methods, i.e. mixed bacterial solution, such as co-culturing after separate activation, sequential culturing after separate activation, separate culturing after separate activation and then mixing, or other methods. In the examples, co-culturing is taken as an example for illustration. In the examples of the present application, the bacteria are cultured four times: under the condition of 28-35°C with shaking at a frequency of 180-220 rpm, separate culturing for a certain time, until the OD600 of the bacterial solution reaches not less than 0.6. 600 The viable bacterial count of each bacterium is not less than 10 7cells / mL, and then mixed in proportion.

[0031] The application further provides a substrate for vegetable seedling, and raw materials for preparation include the above-mentioned microbial composition for vegetable seedling, or the microbial composition for vegetable seedling prepared by the above-mentioned preparation method, mushroom waste, straw and livestock and poultry manure.

[0032] In a preferred mode of the application, the mass ratio of the microbial composition for vegetable seedling, mushroom waste, straw and fresh livestock and poultry manure is 5:(12-19):(7-15):6, the better ratio is 5:(13-17):(9-12):6, and the best ratio is 5:15:10:6.

[0033] The mushroom waste in the application is the residue of edible mushrooms after cultivation, such as the residue of Volvariella volvacea, Pleurotus ostreatus, Pleurotus eryngii and Flammulina velutipes, etc.

[0034] The straw in the application can be fresh straw, or straw obtained after drying and then wetting, as long as the water content of the straw is not less than 10%. The straw used can be wheat straw, corn straw, peanut straw or even soybean straw.

[0035] The fresh livestock and poultry manure in the application can be collected from cattle farms, pig farms, chicken farms, etc. The microbial composition, mushroom waste, straw and fresh livestock and poultry manure are mixed in proportion, sealed and anaerobically fermented, without sterilization. During the fermentation process, heat dissipation can be performed when the temperature is higher than 60℃, such as by ventilation. The fermentation is completed when there is no obvious odor and the temperature is maintained at 30±2℃.

[0036] The application further provides a preparation method of the above-mentioned substrate for vegetable seedling, which comprises mixing the microbial composition for vegetable seedling, mushroom waste, straw and fresh livestock and poultry manure, and then sealing and fermenting for 7-10 days, and drying to obtain the substrate for vegetable seedling.

[0037] In a preferred mode of the application, the drying further comprises crushing, and the crushed particles have a diameter of 0.1-0.5 cm.

[0038] The substrate for vegetable seedling in the application is rich in easily absorbed organic nutrients required for the growth and development of seedlings, and has a variety of nutrients, which can replace base fertilizer and topdressing.

[0039] The application further provides the application of the above-mentioned microbial composition for vegetable seedling, or the microbial composition for vegetable seedling prepared by the above-mentioned preparation method, or the above-mentioned substrate for vegetable seedling in vegetable seedling and seedling strengthening.

[0040] Vegetable seedlings grown using the microbial composition or substrate for vegetable seedling cultivation described in this invention can germinate quickly, grow rapidly, and be more robust than seedlings of the same age.

[0041] The present invention also provides a method for rapid vegetable seedling cultivation and obtaining robust seedlings, comprising mixing vegetable seeds with the above-mentioned vegetable seedling microbial composition or the vegetable seedling microbial composition prepared by the above-mentioned preparation method, and then sowing the mixture in a substrate;

[0042] Alternatively, vegetable seeds can be sown in the above-mentioned vegetable seedling substrate or the vegetable seedling substrate prepared using the above-mentioned preparation method.

[0043] In one embodiment of the present invention, the vegetable seedling substrate can be directly used as the seedling substrate, and the vegetable seeds to be planted can be directly sown in the seedling substrate. No fertilizer needs to be applied during the seedling period, and seedlings can be grown quickly, reducing the seedling time.

[0044] In another embodiment of the present invention, vegetable seeds can be soaked in the microbial composition for vegetable seedling cultivation for a period of 10 to 30 minutes, such as 10 minutes, 12 minutes, 15 minutes, 20 minutes, 21 minutes, 25 minutes or 30 minutes. After soaking, the seeds are directly sown in the seedling substrate. The seedling substrate can be a common seedling substrate, such as a mixed substrate of vermiculite, organic matter and soil, or the vegetable seedling substrate prepared by the present invention.

[0045] To further illustrate the present invention, the following detailed description, in conjunction with embodiments, of a microbial composition and substrate for vegetable seedling cultivation and its preparation method provided by the present invention, should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0046] The bacterial strains used in the embodiments of this invention are all commercially available products. Bacillus subtilis was purchased from Okobek (item number OK305), Bacillus amyloliquefaciens (powder) and Bacillus polymyxa (powder) were purchased from Hebei Liangze Biotechnology Co., Ltd., and Azotobacter brasiliensis was purchased from Shanghai Xuanke Biotechnology Co., Ltd. (item number XK-SH-6596). Before use, each of the above bacterial strains was activated according to the instructions.

[0047] Example 1

[0048] After activation, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Bacillus polymyxa, and Azotobacter brasiliensis were inoculated into culture media and fermented at 28°C until the OD reached [value missing]. 600 The concentration should not be lower than 0.6, at which point the number of cells in the bacterial culture should not be lower than 10. 7 cells / mL; then the four bacterial solutions were mixed in a volume ratio of 5:2:6:0.3;

[0049] Medium components: sucrose 1.0 g / L, peptone 1.9 g / L, yeast extract 3.6 g / L, K2HPO3·3H2O 0.6 g / L, NaCl 0.5 g / L and MgSO4·7H2O 0.2 g / L.

[0050] After mixing the above mixed bacteria liquid, mushroom waste, straw and fresh livestock and poultry manure, they were fermented for 7-10 days in a closed environment, and then dried to obtain the vegetable seedling substrate.

[0051] Example 2

[0052] After activation, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Paenibacillus polymyxa and Azospirillum brasilense were inoculated into the medium respectively, and fermented at 30°C until OD 600 not less than 0.6, at which time the cell number of each cell in the bacteria liquid was not less than 10 7 cells / mL; then the four bacteria liquids were mixed in a volume ratio of 2:2:8:0.2;

[0053] Medium components: sucrose 1.3 g / L, peptone 1.5 g / L, yeast extract 3.0 g / L, K2HPO3·3H2O 0.5 g / L, NaCl 0.3 g / L and MgSO4·7H2O 0.2 g / L.

[0054] After mixing the above mixed bacteria liquid, mushroom waste, straw and fresh livestock and poultry manure, they were fermented for 7-10 days in a closed environment, and then dried to obtain the vegetable seedling substrate.

[0055] Example 3

[0056] After activation, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Paenibacillus polymyxa and Azospirillum brasilense were inoculated into the medium respectively, and fermented at 32°C until OD 600 not less than 0.6, at which time the cell number of each cell in the bacteria liquid was not less than 10 7 cells / mL; then the four bacteria liquids were mixed in a volume ratio of 2:3:6:0.1;

[0057] Medium components: sucrose 1.2 g / L, peptone 1.8 g / L, yeast extract 3.3 g / L, K2HPO3·3H2O 0.4 g / L, NaCl 0.4 g / L and MgSO4·7H2O 0.1 g / L.

[0058] After mixing the above mixed bacteria liquid, mushroom waste, straw and fresh livestock and poultry manure, they were fermented for 7-10 days in a closed environment, and then dried to obtain the vegetable seedling substrate.

[0059] Example 4

[0060] The Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Paenibacillus polymyxa and Azospirillum brasilense are activated and inoculated into the culture medium respectively, and fermented at 35°C until OD 600 is not less than 0.6, at which time the cell number of each cell in the bacterial solution is not less than 10 7 cells / mL; and then the four bacterial solutions are mixed in a volume ratio of 3:1:4:0.3.

[0061] The culture medium components are: sucrose 1.5 g / L, protein peptone 1.6 g / L, yeast extract 2.8 g / L, K2HPO3·3H2O 0.5 g / L, NaCl 0.3 g / L and MgSO4·7H2O 0.2 g / L.

[0062] The mixed bacterial solution, mushroom waste, straw and fresh livestock and poultry manure are mixed and sealed for fermentation for 7-10 days, and then dried to obtain the substrate for vegetable seedling raising.

[0063] Example 5

[0064] The Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Paenibacillus polymyxa and Azospirillum brasilense are activated and inoculated into the culture medium respectively, and fermented at 33°C until OD 600 is not less than 0.6, at which time the cell number of each cell in the bacterial solution is not less than 10 7 cells / mL; and then the four bacterial solutions are mixed in a volume ratio of 4:2:4:0.3.

[0065] The culture medium components are: sucrose 1.2 g / L, protein peptone 1.6 g / L, yeast extract 3.1 g / L, K2HPO3·3H2O 0.4 g / L, NaCl 0.4 g / L and MgSO4·7H2O 0.1 g / L.

[0066] The mixed bacterial solution, mushroom waste, straw and fresh livestock and poultry manure are mixed and sealed for fermentation for 7-10 days, and then dried to obtain the substrate for vegetable seedling raising.

[0067] Example 6

[0068] The Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Paenibacillus polymyxa and Azospirillum brasilense are activated and inoculated into the culture medium respectively, and fermented at 28°C until OD 600 is not less than 0.6, at which time the cell number of each cell in the bacterial solution is not less than 10 7 cells / mL; and then the four bacterial solutions are mixed in a volume ratio of 2:3:8:0.4.

[0069] Culture medium components: sucrose 1.0 g / L, peptone 1.7 g / L, yeast extract 3.4 g / L, K2HPO3·3H2O 0.4 g / L, NaCl 0.2 g / L and MgSO4·7H2O 0.2 g / L.

[0070] The above-mentioned mixed bacterial solution, mushroom waste, straw and fresh livestock and poultry manure are mixed and fermented in a sealed container for 7 to 10 days. After drying, the vegetable seedling substrate is obtained.

[0071] Comparative experiments were conducted using the six mixed bacterial solutions prepared in Examples 1-6 and vegetable seedling substrates, with control examples also included. In the comparative experiments, indoor seedling cultivation was carried out in seedling cups. The vegetable seeds used were all purchased from the market, and the vegetable types were: radish, scallion, celery, cabbage, pepper, tomato, coriander, and spinach. Each experiment was repeated three times, and 50 seeds were sown in each seedling cup.

[0072] The settings are as follows:

[0073] Comparison with Example 1: Using loess as a substrate, the purchased vegetable seeds were directly sown in seedling cups and thoroughly watered;

[0074] Comparative Example 2: Using loess as the substrate, apply 10g of organic fertilizer before sowing, then sow vegetable seeds and water thoroughly;

[0075] Comparative Example 3: Using loess as the substrate, apply 10g of compound fertilizer (NPK=15-15-15) before sowing, then sow vegetable seeds and water thoroughly;

[0076] Comparative Example 4: Use a mixed substrate of peat moss and vermiculite in a 7:3 ratio as the substrate, apply 10g of organic fertilizer before sowing, then sow vegetable seeds and water thoroughly;

[0077] Comparative Example 5: Use a mixed substrate of peat moss and vermiculite in a 7:3 ratio as the substrate, apply 10g of compound fertilizer (NPK=15-15-15) before sowing, then sow vegetable seeds and water thoroughly;

[0078] Comparative Example 6: Use a mixed substrate of peat moss, vermiculite and perlite in a 1:1:1 ratio as the substrate, apply 10g of organic fertilizer before sowing, then sow vegetable seeds and water thoroughly.

[0079] Comparative Example 7: Use a mixed substrate of peat moss, vermiculite and perlite in a 1:1:1 ratio as the substrate, apply 10g of compound fertilizer (NPK=15-15-15) before sowing, then sow vegetable seeds and water thoroughly;

[0080] Experimental Example 1: Using loess as a substrate, the purchased vegetable seeds were soaked in the mixed bacterial solution of Example 1 for 15 minutes and then sown in seedling cups and thoroughly watered.

[0081] Experimental Example 2: Loess was used as the substrate, and the purchased vegetable seeds were soaked in the mixed bacterial solution of Example 2 for 15 min before being sowed in the seedling cups and irrigated with water;

[0082] Experimental Example 3: Loess was used as the substrate, and the purchased vegetable seeds were soaked in the mixed bacterial solution of Example 3 for 15 min before being sowed in the seedling cups and irrigated with water;

[0083] Experimental Example 4: Loess was used as the substrate, and the purchased vegetable seeds were soaked in the mixed bacterial solution of Example 4 for 15 min before being sowed in the seedling cups and irrigated with water;

[0084] Experimental Example 5: Loess was used as the substrate, and the purchased vegetable seeds were soaked in the mixed bacterial solution of Example 5 for 15 min before being sowed in the seedling cups and irrigated with water;

[0085] Experimental Example 6: Loess was used as the substrate, and the purchased vegetable seeds were soaked in the mixed bacterial solution of Example 6 for 15 min before being sowed in the seedling cups and irrigated with water;

[0086] Experimental Example 7: Loess was used as the substrate, and the purchased vegetable seeds were soaked in the mixed bacterial solution of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens and Bacillus subtilis of Example 1 for 15 min before being sowed in the seedling cups and irrigated with water;

[0087] Experimental Example 8: Loess was used as the substrate, and the purchased vegetable seeds were soaked in the mixed bacterial solution of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens and Bacillus subtilis of Example 4 for 15 min before being sowed in the seedling cups and irrigated with water;

[0088] Experimental Example 9: Loess was used as the substrate, and the purchased vegetable seeds were soaked in the mixed bacterial solution of Paenibacillus polymyxa and Azospirillum brasilense of Example 1 for 15 min before being sowed in the seedling cups and irrigated with water;

[0089] Experimental Example 10: Loess was used as the substrate, and the purchased vegetable seeds were soaked in the mixed bacterial solution of Paenibacillus polymyxa and Azospirillum brasilense of Example 4 for 15 min before being sowed in the seedling cups and irrigated with water;

[0090] Experimental Example 11: The mixed substrate prepared by mixing peat soil and vermiculite at a ratio of 7:3 was used as the substrate, and the purchased vegetable seeds were soaked in the mixed bacterial solution of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens and Bacillus subtilis of Example 1 for 15 min before being sowed in the seedling cups and irrigated with water;

[0091] Experimental Example 12: The mixed substrate prepared by mixing peat soil and vermiculite at a ratio of 7:3 was used as the substrate, and the purchased vegetable seeds were soaked in the mixed bacterial solution of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens and Bacillus subtilis of Example 2 for 15 min before being sowed in the seedling cups and irrigated with water;

[0092] Experimental Example 13: A mixture of peat soil and vermiculite at a ratio of 7:3 was prepared as a substrate, and purchased vegetable seeds were sowed in a seedling cup after being soaked in the mixed bacterial solution of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens and Bacillus subtilis of Example 3 for 15 minutes, and then water was poured thoroughly;

[0093] Experimental Example 14: A mixture of peat soil and vermiculite at a ratio of 7:3 was prepared as a substrate, and purchased vegetable seeds were sowed in a seedling cup after being soaked in the mixed bacterial solution of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens and Bacillus subtilis of Example 4 for 15 minutes, and then water was poured thoroughly;

[0094] Experimental Example 15: A mixture of peat soil and vermiculite at a ratio of 7:3 was prepared as a substrate, and purchased vegetable seeds were sowed in a seedling cup after being soaked in the mixed bacterial solution of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens and Bacillus subtilis of Example 5 for 15 minutes, and then water was poured thoroughly;

[0095] Experimental Example 16: A mixture of peat soil and vermiculite at a ratio of 7:3 was prepared as a substrate, and purchased vegetable seeds were sowed in a seedling cup after being soaked in the mixed bacterial solution of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens and Bacillus subtilis of Example 6 for 15 minutes, and then water was poured thoroughly;

[0096] Experimental Example 17: A mixture of peat soil, vermiculite, and perlite at a ratio of 1:1:1 was prepared as a substrate, and purchased vegetable seeds were sowed in a seedling cup after being soaked in the mixed bacterial solution of Paenibacillus polymyxa and Azospirillum brasilense of Example 1 for 15 minutes, and then water was poured thoroughly;

[0097] Experimental Example 18: A mixture of peat soil, vermiculite, and perlite at a ratio of 1:1:1 was prepared as a substrate, and purchased vegetable seeds were sowed in a seedling cup after being soaked in the mixed bacterial solution of Paenibacillus polymyxa and Azospirillum brasilense of Example 2 for 15 minutes, and then water was poured thoroughly;

[0098] Experimental Example 19: A mixture of peat soil, vermiculite, and perlite at a ratio of 1:1:1 was prepared as a substrate, and purchased vegetable seeds were sowed in a seedling cup after being soaked in the mixed bacterial solution of Paenibacillus polymyxa and Azospirillum brasilense of Example 3 for 15 minutes, and then water was poured thoroughly;

[0099] Experimental Example 20: A mixture of peat soil, vermiculite, and perlite at a ratio of 1:1:1 was prepared as a substrate, and purchased vegetable seeds were sowed in a seedling cup after being soaked in the mixed bacterial solution of Paenibacillus polymyxa and Azospirillum brasilense of Example 4 for 15 minutes, and then water was poured thoroughly;

[0100] Experimental Example 21: A mixture of peat soil, vermiculite, and perlite at a ratio of 1:1:1 was prepared as a substrate, and purchased vegetable seeds were sowed in a seedling cup after being soaked in the mixed bacterial solution of Paenibacillus polymyxa and Azospirillum brasilense of Example 5 for 15 minutes, and then water was poured thoroughly;

[0101] Experimental Example 22: A mixed substrate prepared by mixing peat soil, vermiculite and perlite at a ratio of 1:1:1 was used as the substrate, and purchased vegetable seeds were sowed in a seedling cup after being soaked in the mixed bacterial solution of Paenibacillus polymyxa and Azospirillum brasilense of Example 6 for 15 minutes, and then watered thoroughly;

[0102] Experimental Example 23: The substrate for vegetable seedling prepared in Example 1 was used as the substrate, and purchased vegetable seeds were directly sowed in a seedling cup, and then watered thoroughly;

[0103] Experimental Example 24: The substrate for vegetable seedling prepared in Example 2 was used as the substrate, and purchased vegetable seeds were directly sowed in a seedling cup, and then watered thoroughly;

[0104] Experimental Example 25: The substrate for vegetable seedling prepared in Example 3 was used as the substrate, and purchased vegetable seeds were directly sowed in a seedling cup, and then watered thoroughly;

[0105] Experimental Example 26: The substrate for vegetable seedling prepared in Example 4 was used as the substrate, and purchased vegetable seeds were directly sowed in a seedling cup, and then watered thoroughly;

[0106] Experimental Example 27: The substrate for vegetable seedling prepared in Example 5 was used as the substrate, and purchased vegetable seeds were directly sowed in a seedling cup, and then watered thoroughly;

[0107] Experimental Example 28: The substrate for vegetable seedling prepared in Example 6 was used as the substrate, and purchased vegetable seeds were directly sowed in a seedling cup, and then watered thoroughly.

[0108] The germination time, the date of commercial seedling, and the growth potential at a specific time of the vegetables in each of the control examples and experimental examples were counted;

[0109] The seedling growth index counting method was as follows: 6 seedlings were randomly selected from each treatment for growth index determination at the time of sampling. The roots and plants were washed clean with water, the plant height was measured with a steel ruler, the stem diameter was measured with a vernier caliper, the roots and aboveground parts were cut open, the fresh weight of the roots and aboveground parts was measured with an electronic balance, the roots and aboveground parts were dried and then the dry weight was measured, and the strong seedling index was calculated according to the formula: strong seedling index = (stem diameter / plant height + underground dry weight / aboveground dry weight) x whole plant dry weight.

[0110] After the radish seeds were sowed, none of the control examples 1 to 7 germinated at the 7th day, but the germination started at the 7th day, and the germination was slightly earlier after the treatment with the mixed bacterial solution of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens and Bacillus subtilis, and the germination started at the 5th day, and more than half of the germination occurred at the 5th day, and the germination rate reached the highest at the 8th day.

[0111] Table 1: Germination rate statistics after sowing of radish

[0112]

[0113]

[0114]

[0115] After sowing, the control examples 1-6 started to germinate in small amount at about 12 days, and the highest germination rate was reached at about 15 days, which was 80%. The experimental examples 1-6 started to germinate in small amount at 9 days, the germination rate reached about 80% at 12 days, and the germination rate reached 97.33% at 15 days. In the examples 23-28, the germination started at 7 days, the germination rate reached 52.67% at 9 days, 90% at 10 days, and 100% at 11 days.

[0116] After sowing, the control examples 1-6 started to germinate in small amount at about 12 days, and the highest germination rate was reached at about 15 days, which was 80%. The experimental examples 1-6 started to germinate in small amount at 9 days, the germination rate reached about 80% at 12 days, and the germination rate reached 97.33% at 15 days. In the examples 23-28, the germination started at 7 days, the germination rate reached 52.67% at 9 days, 90% at 10 days, and 100% at 11 days.

[0117] After sowing, the control examples 1-6 started to germinate in small amount at about 12 days, and the highest germination rate was reached at about 15 days, which was 80%. The experimental examples 1-6 started to germinate in small amount at 9 days, the germination rate reached about 80% at 12 days, and the germination rate reached 97.33% at 15 days. In the examples 23-28, the germination started at 7 days, the germination rate reached 52.67% at 9 days, 90% at 10 days, and 100% at 11 days.

[0118] After the pepper seeds were sown, the control examples 1-6 started to germinate on the 6th day, and a large number of seeds germinated on the 8th day, and basically all the seeds germinated on the 10th day, but some seeds germinated subsequently, and basically all the seeds grew to the 8th-9th leaf on the 44th day after sowing, and the strong seedling index was 1.05, which could be used as commercial seedlings for transplanting; in the examples 1-6, the seeds started to germinate on the 4th day, the germination rate was over 50% on the 6th day, and the highest germination rate was 98% on the 8th day, and the seeds grew to the 8th-9th leaf on the 40th day, and the strong seedling index was 1.20, which could be used as commercial seedlings for transplanting; in the examples 23-28, the seeds started to germinate on the 3rd day after sowing, and the germination rate was over 20%, the germination rate was over 70% on the 4th day, and basically all the seeds germinated on the 5th day, and the germination rate was 100% on the 6th day, and the seeds grew to the 8th-9th leaf on the 33rd day, and the strong seedling index was 1.35, which could be used as commercial seedlings for transplanting. The pepper seedlings obtained by different seedling raising methods were transplanted in the common field, and the same conventional method was used for transplanting, and the survival rate of the transplanted seedlings within 5 days was counted, and the survival rate of the transplanted seedlings of the control examples 1-6 could reach 87% on average, and the survival rate of the transplanted seedlings of the examples 23-28 could reach 95% on average.

[0119] After the tomato seeds were sown, the control examples 1-6 started to germinate on the 7th day, and more than half of the seeds germinated on the 8th day, and basically all the seeds germinated on the 10th day, and the seeds grew to the 4th-5th leaf on the 40th day after sowing, but the seedling leaves were yellow, and the leaf tips were dry; in the examples 1-6, the germination rate was over 20% on the 5th day, the germination rate was 80% on the 7th day, and the seeds grew to the 4th-5th leaf on the 37th day after sowing, but the seedlings were slender; in the examples 23-28, the germination rate was 82% on the 5th day, the germination rate was over 93% on the 6th day, and the seeds grew to the 4th-5th leaf on the 32nd day, and the seedling leaves were fresh green, and the growth was good, and the strong seedling index was 1.52, which could be directly used as commercial seedlings.

[0120] Coriander seeds and spinach seeds were similar, and in the control examples 1-6, the germination rate was about 20% on the 9th day, and the highest germination rate of coriander was 87% on the 12th day, and the highest germination rate of spinach seeds was 92% on the 14th day; in the examples 23-28, the germination rate of coriander and spinach was over 50% on the 7th day, the germination rate of coriander was 100% on the 10th day, and the germination rate of spinach was 100% on the 9th day. The commercial coriander seedlings and the commercial spinach seedlings were transplanted into flowerpots filled with simulated saline-alkali soil (containing NaCl 7 g / kg), and the survival rate of the transplanted seedlings of the same transplanting method was counted, and the survival rate of the coriander seedlings and the spinach seedlings of the control examples 1-6 was low, less than 40%, and the growth was very weak; the survival rate of the coriander seedlings and the spinach seedlings of the examples 23-28 was about 80%, and the growth was normal.

[0121] To verify the synergistic effect of the four strains of the application and the synergistic effect of the vegetable seedling substrate prepared based on the strains, cucumber was used as the experimental object, and the data of the bacterial liquid, mixed bacterial liquid and vegetable seedling substrate prepared in Example 1 and Example 3 were counted. When the experiment was carried out, a 23 cm caliber ceramic flowerpot was used as the container, loess was used as the substrate when the bacterial liquid was soaked, and 20 seeds were sown in each flowerpot after soaking for 15 minutes. When the vegetable seedling substrate was treated, the vegetable seedling substrate was directly used as the substrate, the seeds were not soaked, and 20 seeds were directly sown in each pot. Each treatment was repeated three times, and the average was counted. The standard of cucumber commercial seedlings was 2-3 leaves.

[0122] In Table 2, A is Bacillus amyloliquefaciens seed soaking, B is Bacillus subtilis seed soaking, C is Paenibacillus polymyxa seed soaking, D is Azospirillum brasilense seed soaking, A+B is Bacillus amyloliquefaciens and Bacillus subtilis mixed bacterial liquid seed soaking, C+D is Paenibacillus polymyxa and Azospirillum brasilense mixed bacterial liquid seed soaking, A+B+C+D is Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Bacillus subtilis, Paenibacillus polymyxa and Azospirillum brasilense mixed bacterial liquid seed soaking, and E is vegetable seedling substrate as the substrate.

[0123] As can be seen from Table 2, compared with C treatment and D treatment, A treatment and B treatment can germinate earlier, and the germination rate is higher at 5 days, and the time to become commercial seedlings is similar. However, after A+B treatment, compared with A and B treatment, the initial germination time is again advanced, and the germination rate at 5 days is doubled, i.e. Bacillus amyloliquefaciens and Bacillus subtilis have the effect of synergistically advancing the initial germination time and improving the germination rate. Compared with C treatment and D treatment, C+D treatment significantly improves the seedling index and has a significant synergistic effect on the seedling rate of commercial seedlings. However, compared with A+B treatment and C+D treatment, A+B+C+D treatment has no significant difference. Compared with A+B+C+D treatment, A+B treatment and C+D treatment, whether it is the initial germination time, the early germination rate, the time to become commercial seedlings or the seedling index, etc., all have a significant improvement, i.e. after being prepared into a vegetable seedling substrate, it also produces a significant synergistic effect compared with bacterial liquid seed soaking treatment.

[0124] Table 2: Cucumber seed germination and seedling data statistics

[0125]

[0126]

[0127] Although the above examples have made a detailed description of the application, it is only a part of the embodiments of the application, not all the embodiments, and other embodiments can be obtained based on the present embodiments without creativity, which all belong to the protection scope of the application.

Claims

1. A method for rapid seedling raising and obtaining strong seedlings of vegetables, characterized by, Vegetable seeds are sowed in a vegetable seedling substrate; The preparation raw material of the vegetable seedling substrate comprises a vegetable seedling microbial composition, mushroom waste, straw and livestock and poultry manure; the mass ratio of the vegetable seedling microbial composition, the mushroom waste, the straw and the fresh livestock and poultry manure is 5:(12-19):(7-15):6; The vegetable seedling microorganism composition comprises the following mass parts of bacterial liquid: 2-6 parts of Bacillus subtilis liquid, 1-3 parts of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens liquid, 4-8 parts of Paenibacillus polymyxa liquid, and 0.1-0.4 parts of Azospirillum brasilense liquid; the cell number in each liquid is not less than 10 7 cells / mL; The culture medium used in the preparation of each bacterial liquid comprises the following components at the following concentrations: sucrose 1.0-1.5 g / L, peptone 1.5-1.9 g / L, yeast extract 2.7-3.6 g / L, K2HPO3·3H2O 0.3-0.6 g / L, NaCl 0.2-0.5 g / L and MgSO4·7H2O 0.1-0.2 g / L. The vegetables are green onions, celery, cabbage, peppers, tomatoes, coriander and cucumbers.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein, The preparation method of the vegetable seedling microbial composition comprises the following steps: after Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Paenibacillus polymyxa and Azospirillum brasilense are activated, the activated bacteria are inoculated into a culture medium, and fermentation is carried out at 28-35 DEG C until OD 600 is not less than 0.6, and the bacterial liquid is the vegetable seedling microbial composition. The culture medium comprises the following components at the following concentrations: sucrose 1.0-1.5 g / L, peptone 1.5-1.9 g / L, yeast extract 2.7-3.6 g / L, K2HPO3·3H2O 0.3-0.6 g / L, NaCl 0.2-0.5 g / L and MgSO4·7H2O 0.1-0.2 g / L.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein, The fermentation is accompanied by oscillation, and the frequency of the oscillation is 180-220 rpm.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein, The preparation method of the vegetable seedling substrate comprises the following steps: mixing the vegetable seedling microbial composition, the mushroom waste, the straw and the fresh livestock and poultry manure, sealing and fermenting for 7-10 days, and drying to obtain the vegetable seedling substrate.

5. The method of claim 4, wherein, The method further comprises the step of crushing after the drying.

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