An intelligent drilling tool for preventing rock cuttings deposition and an operating method thereof

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of drilling engineering, and in particular to an intelligent drilling tool for preventing rock cuttings deposition and an operating method thereof, comprising an upper joint, a lower joint, a stirring assembly and a control assembly; the stirring assembly comprises an intermediate pipe body, a linear motor, a rack shaft, a rack, a gear, a gear shaft, a limit spring, a rotary cover, a blade assembly, a locking nut, a gasket, a wire and a sleeve; the control assembly comprises a slider, a telescopic assembly, a pressure sensor, a position sensor and a control box; the stirring assembly is responsible for crushing and stirring rock cuttings; the control assembly intelligently adjusts the working mode, working speed and working position of the blade assembly according to the rock cuttings deposition situation and the actual working conditions. The beneficial effects of the present invention are: simple structure, intelligent control can be realized, it can effectively prevent rock cuttings deposition and clear the rock cuttings bed, improve drilling efficiency, shorten the drilling cycle, and reduce drilling costs.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of drilling engineering, and in particular to an intelligent drilling tool for preventing rock cuttings deposition and an operating method thereof. Background Art

[0002] During the drilling of long horizontal wells, the cuttings are easily deposited on the lower side of the annulus due to gravity and form a cuttings bed, which not only causes the problem of sticking, seriously affecting the drilling efficiency, but also may cause a serious pipe sticking accident. In addition, the accumulation of cuttings beds will increase the bottom hole ECD, which may cause leakage, fracture the formation, and reduce the mechanical drilling speed.

[0003] At present, the main methods to remove undeposited cuttings are to optimize the performance of drilling fluid, adjust the flow rate and flow rate of drilling fluid, and adjust the speed of drill string. However, these methods have certain limitations. Optimizing the performance of drilling fluid is complicated and costly. Too high a flow rate of drilling fluid or too high a speed of drill string will affect the stability of the casing.

[0004] For the deposited cuttings bed, three methods are usually used on site to remove it, namely mechanical bed breaking, hydraulic cleaning and mechanical and hydraulic combined cleaning. For the mechanical bed breaking method, the mechanical bed breaking tool is easy to cause the axis of the drill bit to not coincide with the axis of the wellbore in the long inclination section and the horizontal section, which is more likely to cause the drill bit to be stuck; the hydraulic cleaning method is limited by factors such as ground pump equipment and formation pressure, and improper hydraulic control will cause casing damage; the mechanical and hydraulic combined cleaning has a better cleaning effect, but it also has the limitations of mechanical bed breaking and hydraulic cleaning.

[0005] In general, the current method of preventing rock debris deposition is subject to external operating parameters and cannot be automatically adjusted according to the concentration and deposition of rock debris, making it impossible to achieve efficient removal of rock debris.

[0006] This patent proposes an intelligent drilling tool for preventing cuttings deposition and an operating method thereof, which can automatically adjust the operating parameters according to the cuttings deposition situation and actual working conditions, effectively prevent the deposition of undeposited cuttings, and crush and remove the deposited cuttings bed, thereby efficiently and cost-effectively solving the problems of drill sticking and reduced mechanical drilling speed that are prone to occur during the drilling of long horizontal wells. Summary of the invention

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art and provide an intelligent drilling tool and an operating method thereof for preventing rock cuttings deposition, so as to solve the problems of drill sticking and reduced mechanical drilling speed caused by rock cuttings deposition during long horizontal well drilling proposed in the above background technology.

[0008] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0009] An intelligent drilling tool for preventing rock debris deposition comprises an upper joint, a lower joint, a stirring assembly and a control assembly; the stirring assembly comprises an intermediate tube body, a linear motor, a rack shaft, a rack, a gear, a gear shaft, a limit spring, a screw cap, a blade assembly, a locking nut, a gasket, an electric wire and a sleeve; an inner wall of one end of the intermediate tube body is provided with an internal thread, which is threadedly connected to an external thread end of the upper joint; an outer surface of the other end of the intermediate tube body is provided with an external thread, which is threadedly connected to an internal thread end of the lower joint; a spline is processed on the gear shaft; the blade assembly comprises a blade and a blade; the control assembly comprises a slider, a telescopic assembly, a pressure sensor, a position sensor and a control box; the telescopic assembly comprises a housing, an electromagnet, a buffer spring and a pin shaft;

[0010] The stirring assembly includes an intermediate tube body, a linear motor, a rack shaft, a rack, a gear, a gear shaft, a limit spring, a rotary cover, a blade assembly, a locking nut, a gasket, an electric wire and a sleeve. The linear motor is connected to the rack shaft groove through a motor shaft boss, the rack shaft is connected to the rack through a thread, the gear shaft contacts the slider, a spline is machined on the gear shaft, the gear is connected to the gear shaft through a spline, one end of the limit spring is installed on the rotary cover, and the other end contacts the spline on the gear shaft, the rotary cover is connected to the intermediate tube body through a thread, the blade assembly is connected to the gear shaft through a thread, and a gasket and a locking nut are installed above the connection to prevent the blade assembly from falling; when working, the rack and the gear convert the linear motion of the linear motor into the rotational motion of the blade assembly;

[0011] The blade assembly includes blades and blades, the blades are used to stir the cuttings to prevent the cuttings from settling, and the blades are used to break the deposited cuttings bed, wherein the number of blades is a, a≥2, and the number of blades is b, b≥2;

[0012] The control assembly includes a slider, a telescopic assembly, a pressure sensor, a position sensor and a control box. The telescopic assembly is installed on the rack shaft through a thread and controls the movement of the slider. The movement of the slider drives the gear shaft to perform telescopic movement, thereby driving the blade assembly to perform telescopic movement. The pressure sensor detects the rotational resistance information of the gear shaft, and the position sensor detects the distance information between the sleeve and the intermediate tube body. The control box collects and processes the information detected by the pressure sensor and the position sensor in real time, and adjusts the working mode, working position and working speed of the blade assembly according to the detection information.

[0013] The telescopic assembly comprises a housing, an electromagnet, a buffer spring and a pin shaft, one end of the buffer spring is mounted inside the housing, and the other end is mounted on the end of the pin shaft; when the blade assembly needs to adjust the working position, the control box energizes the electromagnet, the pin shaft extends and is stuck into the guide shaft hole on the right side of the slider, and the linear motor drives the slider to move, thereby adjusting the working position of the blade assembly; when the blade assembly does not need to adjust the working position, the control box cuts off the power to the electromagnet, the pin shaft is retracted into the housing, the slider stops moving, and the blade assembly maintains the working position;

[0014] The number of the stirring components is m, m≥1;

[0015] The number of control components is n, n=m≥1;

[0016] The stirring assembly is connected at the head and tail by threads.

[0017] An operating method of an intelligent drilling tool for preventing rock debris deposition comprises the following steps:

[0018] S1: The system is powered on, the gear and rack convert the linear motion of the linear motor into the rotational motion of the blade assembly, and the control box collects and processes the information detected by the pressure sensor and position sensor in real time;

[0019] S2: The control box determines whether the distance D between the intermediate pipe body and the casing changes periodically. If so, it is determined that the drill rod rotates and step S3 is executed; if not, it is determined that the drill rod does not rotate and step S4 is executed;

[0020] S3: The control box determines the magnitude relationship between the peak value E and M of the rotational resistance of the gear shaft when the drill pipe rotates one circle. If E≤M, it is determined that the cuttings concentration does not affect the drilling work, and step S5 is executed; if E>M, it is determined that the cuttings concentration affects the drilling work, and step S7 is executed;

[0021] Where M is the rotational resistance of the gear shaft at a set cuttings concentration;

[0022] S4: The control box determines the relationship between the rotational resistance F and M of the gear shaft. If F≤M, it is determined that the rock cuttings concentration does not affect the drilling work, and step S5 is executed; if F>M, it is determined that the rock cuttings concentration affects the drilling work, and step S9 is executed;

[0023] S5: The control box determines the size relationship between Rrehd and 1.5x. If Rrehd≥1.5x, the control box controls the gear shaft to extend 0.5x and executes step S2; if Rrehd<1.5x, executes step S6;

[0024] Wherein R is the radius of the casing; r is the radius of the intermediate tube; e is the eccentricity; x is the minimum distance allowed between the end of the gear shaft and the casing; h is the distance from the end of the gear shaft to the intermediate tube during installation; d is the total distance the gear shaft extends in steps S5 and S6;

[0025] S6: The control box determines the size relationship between Rrehd and x. If Rrehd>x, the control box controls the gear shaft to extend by Rrehdx, and executes step S2; if Rrehd=x, it is determined that the gear shaft has reached the limit position, and the end of the gear shaft and the sleeve maintain the minimum distance x and do not move, and executes step S2;

[0026] S7: The control box determines the size relationship between the distance D between the intermediate pipe body and the casing and R - r - 0.5e. If D > R - r - 0.5e, it is determined that the vane assembly is at the high position in the annulus. The control box controls the vane assembly to perform telescopic movement without touching the casing and the intermediate pipe body, and executes step S7. If D ≤ R - r - 0.5e, it is determined that the vane assembly is at the low position in the annulus, and step S8 is executed;

[0027] S8: The control box adjusts the extended distance of the gear shaft to d, and determines the size relationship between the peak value E of the rotational resistance of the gear shaft when the drill pipe rotates one week and N. If E ≥ N, the control box reduces the working speed of the vane assembly and extends the working time, and executes step S3. If E < N, the control box increases the working speed of the vane assembly, and executes step S3;

[0028] N is the rotational resistance of the gear shaft when the vane assembly reaches 80% of the strength limit;

[0029] S9: The control box determines the size relationship between the rotational resistance F of the gear shaft and N. If F ≥ N, the control box reduces the working speed of the vane assembly and extends the working time, and executes step S4. If F < N, the control box increases the working speed of the vane assembly, and executes step S4.

[0030] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0031] First, for the undeposited cuttings, the present invention no longer depends on parameters such as the performance of the drilling fluid, the flow rate and flow of the drilling fluid, and the rotation speed of the drill string. Instead, by intelligently controlling the rotational movement and telescopic movement of the vane assembly, the cuttings are floated in the annulus, and the drilling fluid is assisted to carry the cuttings out of the annulus;

[0032] Second, for the already deposited cuttings bed, the present invention is no longer restricted by the limitations of traditional cuttings bed removal tools. Instead, by intelligently controlling the working speed and working position of the vane assembly, the cuttings are broken and stirred layer by layer;

[0033] Third, the present invention can intelligently select the operation method according to the cuttings deposition situation and working conditions, reduce the drilling cost, improve the safety during the drilling process, and has a better effect and higher efficiency in removing cuttings, solving problems such as sticking, jamming, and reducing the mechanical drilling rate caused by cuttings deposition. Description of the Drawings

[0034] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 2 is Figure 1 a partial enlarged view of A in

[0036] Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the vane assembly;

[0037] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the connection between the gear shaft and the motor shaft;

[0038] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the telescopic component;

[0039] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the appearance when multiple stirring components and control components are combined;

[0040] Figure 7 is a control flow chart of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 8 for Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the contents of the T1 block diagram;

[0042] Fig. 9 for Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the contents of the T2 block diagram;

[0043] Fig.10 for Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the contents of the T3 block diagram;

[0044] Fig.11 Schematic diagram of geometric parameters used in the control process of the present invention.

[0045] In the figure: 1—upper joint; 2—middle tube body; 3—blade assembly; 301—blade; 302—blade; 4—rack; 5—screw cap; 6—locking nut; 7—gasket; 8—gear shaft; 801—spline; 802—gear shaft end; 9—limit spring; 10—gear; 11—pressure sensor; 12—slider; 1201—guide shaft hole; 13—rack shaft; 1301—rack shaft groove; 14—telescopic assembly; 1401—housing; 1402—electromagnet; 1403—buffer spring; 1404—pin shaft; 15—position sensor; 16—linear motor; 1601—motor shaft boss; 17—control box; 18—wires; 19—lower joint; 20—sleeve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 5As shown, the present invention includes an upper joint 1, a lower joint 19, a stirring assembly and a control assembly; the stirring assembly includes an intermediate tube body 2, a linear motor 16, a rack shaft 13, a rack 4, a gear 10, a gear shaft 8, a limit spring 9, a rotary cover 5, a blade assembly 3, a locking nut 6, a gasket 7, an electric wire 18 and a sleeve 20, an inner wall of one end of the intermediate tube body 2 is provided with an internal thread, which is threadedly connected to the external thread end of the upper joint 1, an outer surface of the other end of the intermediate tube body 2 is provided with an external thread, which is threadedly connected to the internal thread end of the lower joint 19, and a spline 801 is processed on the gear shaft 8; the blade assembly 3 includes a blade 301 and a blade 302; the control assembly includes a slider 12, a telescopic assembly 14, a pressure sensor 11, a position sensor 15 and a control box 17; the telescopic assembly 14 includes a housing 1401, an electromagnet 1402, a buffer spring 1403 and a pin 1404.

[0047] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, the stirring assembly includes an intermediate tube body 2, a linear motor 16, a rack shaft 13, a rack 4, a gear 10, a gear shaft 8, a limit spring 9, a rotary cover 5, a blade assembly 3, a locking nut 6, a gasket 7, an electric wire 18 and a sleeve 20, the linear motor 16 is connected to the rack shaft groove 1301 through a motor shaft boss 1601, the rack shaft 13 is connected to the rack 4 through a thread, the gear shaft 8 is in contact with the slider 12, a spline 801 is machined on the gear shaft 8, the gear 10 is connected to the gear shaft 8 through the spline 801, one end of the limit spring 9 is installed on the rotary cover 5, and the other end is in contact with the spline 801 on the gear shaft 8, the rotary cover 5 is connected to the intermediate tube body 2 through a thread, the blade assembly 3 is connected to the gear shaft 8 through a thread, and a gasket 7 and a locking nut 6 are installed above the connection to prevent the blade assembly 3 from falling; when working, the rack 4 and the gear 10 convert the linear motion of the linear motor 16 into the rotational motion of the blade assembly 3;

[0048] The blade assembly 3 includes blades 301 and blades 302 . The blades 301 are used to stir the rock cuttings to prevent the rock cuttings from settling, and the blades 302 are used to break the deposited rock cuttings. The number of blades 301 is a, a≥2, and the number of blades 302 is b, b≥2.

[0049] like Figure 2 , Figure 5As shown, the control assembly includes a slider 12, a telescopic assembly 14, a pressure sensor 11, a position sensor 15 and a control box 17. The telescopic assembly 14 is threadedly mounted on the rack shaft 13 and controls the movement of the slider 12. The movement of the slider 12 drives the gear shaft 8 to perform telescopic movement, thereby driving the blade assembly 3 to perform telescopic movement. The pressure sensor 11 detects the rotation resistance information of the gear shaft 8, and the position sensor 15 detects the distance information between the sleeve and the intermediate tube body 2. The control box 17 collects and processes the information detected by the pressure sensor 11 and the position sensor 15 in real time, and adjusts the working mode, working position and working speed of the blade assembly 3 according to the detection information.

[0050] The right side of the slider 12 is processed with a guide shaft hole 1201, and the surface of the inclined side is smooth, and the surface of the side in contact with the sleeve 20 is rough. When the slider 12 is not subjected to the push and pull force from the linear motor 16, the friction between the slider 12 and the sleeve 20 ensures that the slider 12 does not move.

[0051] The telescopic assembly 14 includes a shell 1401, an electromagnet 1402, a buffer spring 1403 and a pin 1404, one end of the buffer spring 1403 is installed inside the shell 1401, and the other end is installed at the end of the pin 1404; when the blade assembly 3 needs to adjust the working position, the control box 17 energizes the electromagnet 1402, the pin 1404 extends out and is stuck into the guide shaft hole 1201 on the right side of the slider 12, and the linear motor 16 drives the slider 12 to move, thereby adjusting the working position of the blade assembly 3; when the blade assembly 3 does not need to adjust the working position, the control box 17 cuts off the power to the electromagnet 1402, the pin 1404 is retracted into the shell 1401, the slider 12 stops moving, and the blade assembly 3 maintains the working position.

[0052] like Figure 6 As shown, the number of stirring components and control components can be freely selected according to needs. The number of stirring components is m, m≥1, and the number of control components is n, n=m≥1. In the figure, the number of stirring components m=the number of control components n=3, and the stirring components are connected at the head and tail by threads.

[0053] like Figure 7 , Figure 8 , Fig. 9 , Fig.10 , Fig.11 As shown, a method for operating an intelligent drilling tool for preventing rock debris deposition comprises the following steps:

[0054] S1: The system is powered on, the gear 10 and the rack 4 convert the linear motion of the linear motor 16 into the rotational motion of the blade assembly 3, and the control box 17 collects and processes the information detected by the pressure sensor 11 and the position sensor 15 in real time;

[0055] S2: The control box 17 determines whether the distance D between the intermediate pipe body 2 and the casing changes periodically. If so, it is determined that the drill rod rotates and step S3 is executed; if not, it is determined that the drill rod does not rotate and step S4 is executed;

[0056] S3: The control box 17 determines the magnitude relationship between the peak value E and M of the rotation resistance of the gear shaft 8 when the drill pipe rotates one circle. If E≤M, it is determined that the rock cuttings concentration does not affect the drilling work, and step S5 is executed; if E>M, it is determined that the rock cuttings concentration affects the drilling work, and step S7 is executed;

[0057] Where M is the rotation resistance of the gear shaft 8 at a set cuttings concentration;

[0058] S4: The control box 17 determines the magnitude relationship between the rotation resistance F and M of the gear shaft 8. If F≤M, it is determined that the rock cuttings concentration does not affect the drilling work, and step S5 is executed; if F>M, it is determined that the rock cuttings concentration affects the drilling work, and step S9 is executed;

[0059] S5: The control box 17 determines the magnitude relationship between Rrehd and 1.5x. If Rrehd≥1.5x, the control box 17 controls the gear shaft 8 to extend 0.5x and executes step S2; if Rrehd<1.5x, executes step S6;

[0060] Wherein R is the radius of the sleeve; r is the radius of the intermediate tube body 2; e is the eccentricity; x is the minimum distance allowed between the gear shaft end 802 and the sleeve; h is the distance from the gear shaft end 802 to the intermediate tube body 2 during installation; d is the total distance that the gear shaft 8 extends in steps S5 and S6;

[0061] S6: The control box 17 determines the size relationship between Rrehd and x. If Rrehd>x, the control box 17 controls the gear shaft 8 to extend by Rrehdx, and executes step S2; if Rrehd=x, it is determined that the gear shaft 8 has reached the limit position, and the gear shaft end 802 and the sleeve maintain the minimum distance x and do not move, and executes step S2;

[0062] S7: The control box 17 determines the relationship between the distance D between the intermediate pipe body 2 and the casing and Rr-0.5e. If D>Rr-0.5e, it is determined that the blade assembly 3 is in the high position of the annulus, and the control box 17 controls the blade assembly 3 to perform telescopic movement without touching the casing and the intermediate pipe body 2, and executes step S7; if D≤Rr-0.5e, it is determined that the blade assembly 3 is in the low position of the annulus, and executes step S8;

[0063] S8: The control box 17 adjusts the extension distance of the gear shaft 8 to d, and determines the magnitude relationship between the peak value E of the rotational resistance of the gear shaft 8 when the drill pipe rotates one week and N. If E≥N, the control box 17 reduces the working speed of the blade assembly 3 and extends the working time, and executes step S3; if E<N, the control box 17 increases the working speed of the blade assembly 3 and executes step S3;

[0064] N is the rotational resistance of the gear shaft 8 when the blade assembly 3 reaches 80% of the strength limit;

[0065] S9: The control box 17 determines the magnitude relationship between the rotational resistance F of the gear shaft 8 and N. If F≥N, the control box 17 reduces the working speed of the blade assembly 3 and extends the working time, and executes step S4; if F<N, the control box 17 increases the working speed of the blade assembly 3 and executes step S4;

[0066] In the step S6, when the distance between the end 802 of the gear shaft and the casing is x, there is a gap between the blade assembly 3 and the casing and the blade assembly 3 will not touch the casing;

[0067] In the step S7, the minimum value of the distance D between the intermediate pipe body 2 and the casing is R - r - e, and the maximum value is R - r + e;

[0068] In the steps S8 and S9, the control box 17 controls the working speed of the blade assembly 3 by adjusting the power of the linear motor 16.

[0069] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by orientation words such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "lateral, vertical, perpendicular, horizontal" and "top, bottom" are usually based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description. Without contrary description, these orientation words do not indicate and imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, so it cannot be understood as a limitation on the protection scope of the present invention; the orientation words "inside, outside" refer to the inside and outside relative to the contour of each component itself.

[0070] For ease of description, spatially relative terms such as "above", "above", "on the upper surface of", "above", etc. may be used here to describe the spatial positional relationship between a device or feature and other devices or features as shown in the figure. It should be understood that spatially relative terms are intended to include different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation described in the figure. For example, if the device in the accompanying drawings is inverted, the device described as "above other devices or structures" or "above other devices or structures" will be positioned as "below other devices or structures" or "below other devices or structures". Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both "above" and "below". The device can also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatially relative descriptions used here are interpreted accordingly.

Claims

1. An intelligent drilling tool for preventing rock debris deposition, characterized in that: The invention comprises an upper joint (1), a lower joint (19), a stirring assembly and a control assembly; the stirring assembly comprises an intermediate tube body (2), a linear motor (16), a rack shaft (13), a rack (4), a gear (10), a gear shaft (8), a limit spring (9), a rotary cover (5), a blade assembly (3), a locking nut (6), a gasket (7), an electric wire (18) and a sleeve (20); an inner wall of one end of the intermediate tube body (2) is provided with an internal thread which is threadedly connected to an external thread of the upper joint (1); and the other end of the intermediate tube body (2) is provided with an internal thread. An outer thread is provided on the outer surface of one end, which is threadedly connected to an inner thread of the lower joint (19); a spline (801) is processed on the gear shaft (8); the blade assembly (3) includes a blade (301) and a blade (302); the control assembly includes a slider (12), a telescopic assembly (14), a pressure sensor (11), a position sensor (15) and a control box (17); the telescopic assembly (14) includes a housing (1401), an electromagnet (1402), a buffer spring (1403) and a pin (1404); The stirring assembly comprises an intermediate tube body (2), a linear motor (16), a rack shaft (13), a rack (4), a gear (10), a gear shaft (8), a limit spring (9), a rotary cover (5), a blade assembly (3), a locking nut (6), a gasket (7), an electric wire (18) and a sleeve (20); the linear motor (16) is connected to the rack shaft groove (1301) via a motor shaft boss (1601); the rack shaft (13) is connected to the rack (4) via a thread; the gear shaft (8) is in contact with a slider (12); a spline (80 1), the gear (10) is connected to the gear shaft (8) through a spline (801), one end of the limit spring (9) is installed on the rotary cover (5), and the other end is in contact with the spline (801) on the gear shaft (8), the rotary cover (5) is connected to the intermediate tube body (2) through a thread, the blade assembly (3) is connected to the gear shaft (8) through a thread, and a gasket (7) and a locking nut (6) are installed above the connection to prevent the blade assembly (3) from falling; when working, the rack (4) and the gear (10) convert the linear motion of the linear motor (16) into the rotational motion of the blade assembly (3); The blade assembly (3) comprises a blade (301) and a blade (302), wherein the blade (301) is used to stir rock cuttings to prevent rock cuttings from settling, and the blade (302) is used to break up the deposited rock cuttings, wherein the number of the blades (301) is a, a≥2, and the number of the blades (302) is b, b≥2; The control assembly comprises a slider (12), a telescopic assembly (14), a pressure sensor (11), a position sensor (15) and a control box (17); the telescopic assembly (14) is threadedly mounted on the rack shaft (13) and controls the movement of the slider (12); the movement of the slider (12) drives the gear shaft (8) to perform telescopic movement, thereby driving the blade assembly (3) to perform telescopic movement; the pressure sensor (11) detects rotational resistance information of the gear shaft (8); the position sensor (15) detects distance information between the sleeve and the intermediate tube body (2); the control box (17) collects and processes information detected by the pressure sensor (11) and the position sensor (15) in real time, and adjusts the working mode, working position and working speed of the blade assembly (3) according to the detection information; The telescopic assembly (14) comprises a housing (1401), an electromagnet (1402), a buffer spring (1403) and a pin (1404); one end of the buffer spring (1403) is mounted inside the housing (1401), and the other end is mounted at the end of the pin (1404); when the working position of the blade assembly (3) needs to be adjusted, the control box (17) energizes the electromagnet (1402), the pin (1404) extends out and is inserted into the guide shaft hole (1201) on the right side of the slider (12), and the linear motor (16) drives the slider (12) to move, thereby adjusting the working position of the blade assembly (3); when the working position of the blade assembly (3) does not need to be adjusted, the control box (17) cuts off the power to the electromagnet (1402), the pin (1404) is retracted into the housing (1401), the slider (12) stops moving, and the blade assembly (3) maintains the working position; The number of the stirring components is m, m≥1; The number of control components is n, n=m≥1; When multiple stirring components need to be connected in series, the stirring components are threadedly connected via external threads and internal threads on the intermediate tube body (2).

2. The method for operating an intelligent drilling tool for preventing rock debris deposition according to claim 1, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: The system is powered on, the gear (10) and the rack (4) convert the linear motion of the linear motor (16) into the rotational motion of the blade assembly (3), and the control box (17) collects and processes the information detected by the pressure sensor (11) and the position sensor (15) in real time; S2: The control box (17) determines whether the distance D between the intermediate tube (2) and the casing changes periodically. If so, it is determined that the drill rod rotates and step S3 is executed; if not, it is determined that the drill rod does not rotate and step S4 is executed; S3: the control box (17) determines the magnitude relationship between the peak value E and M of the rotation resistance of the gear shaft (8) when the drill pipe rotates one circle. If E≤M, it is determined that the rock cuttings concentration does not affect the drilling work, and step S5 is executed; if E>M, it is determined that the rock cuttings concentration affects the drilling work, and step S7 is executed; Wherein M is the rotation resistance of the gear shaft (8) at a set cuttings concentration; S4: the control box (17) determines the magnitude relationship between the rotation resistance F and M of the gear shaft (8); if F≤M, it is determined that the rock cuttings concentration does not affect the drilling work, and step S5 is executed; if F>M, it is determined that the rock cuttings concentration affects the drilling work, and step S10 is executed; S5: The control box (17) determines the size relationship between R - r - e - h - d and 1.5x. If R - r - e - h - d ≥ 1.5x, the control box (17) controls the gear shaft (8) to extend by 0.5x and execute step S2; if R - r - e - h - d < 1.5x, execute step S6; Where R is the radius of the casing; r is the radius of the intermediate pipe body (2); e is the eccentricity; x is the minimum allowable distance between the end of the gear shaft (802) and the casing; h is the distance from the end of the gear shaft (802) to the intermediate pipe body (2) during installation; d is the total distance that the gear shaft (8) extends in steps S5 and S6; S6: The control box (17) determines the size relationship between R - r - e - h - d and x. If R - r - e - h - d > x, the control box (17) controls the gear shaft (8) to extend by R - r - e - h - d - x and execute step S2; if R - r - e - h - d = x, it is determined that the gear shaft (8) reaches the limit position, and the end of the gear shaft (802) remains stationary at the minimum distance x from the casing and execute step S2; S7: The control box (17) determines the size relationship between the distance D between the intermediate pipe body (2) and the casing and R - r - 0.5e. If D > R - r - 0.5e, it is determined that the blade assembly (3) is at the high position in the annulus and execute step S8; if D ≤ R - r - 0.5e, it is determined that the blade assembly (3) is at the low position in the annulus and execute step S9; S8: The control box (17) controls the blade assembly (3) to perform a telescopic movement without touching the casing and the intermediate pipe body (2) and execute step S7; S9: The control box (17) adjusts the extension distance of the gear shaft (8) to d and determines the size relationship between the peak value E of the rotational resistance of the gear shaft (8) when the drill pipe rotates one week and N. If E ≥ N, the control box (17) reduces the working speed of the blade assembly (3) and extends the working time and execute step S3; if E < N, the control box (17) increases the working speed of the blade assembly (3) and execute step S3; N is the rotational resistance of the gear shaft (8) when the blade assembly (3) reaches 80% of the strength limit; S10: The control box (17) determines the size relationship between the rotational resistance F of the gear shaft (8) and N. If F ≥ N, the control box (17) reduces the working speed of the blade assembly (3) and extends the working time and execute step S4; if F < N, the control box (17) increases the working speed of the blade assembly (3) and execute step S4.

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