A monitoring and evaluation system for the instability of geological structures induced by geothermal drilling construction

Abstract

The present invention discloses a monitoring and evaluation system for the instability of geological structures induced by geothermal drilling construction, which relates to the technical field of geological monitoring. The system includes a data acquisition module that divides a selected area into multiple sub-areas, and monitors the average value of rock fractures in multiple areas, the settlement values detected by n settlement sensors, the crack values detected by m displacement sensors, and the compressive strength values of y soils detected by a pressure test method; a data evaluation and analysis module that evaluates and analyzes the data values that do not reach the standard threshold values during the comparison of the various data values collected by the data acquisition module with the respective standard threshold values to obtain instability data such as rock fracture differences, terrain change values, and soil relaxation differences, and then generates an instability index, avoiding the need to monitor a large amount of data. At the same time, through the comprehensive evaluation of multiple groups of data, it ensures the accurate monitoring and evaluation of the geological instability situation, and avoids the calculation of a large number of inclinations and geometric dimensions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of geological monitoring, and particularly relates to a monitoring and evaluation system for the instability of geological structures induced by geothermal drilling construction. Background Art

[0002] Poor geological bodies include boulders at risk of toppling, dangerous rock masses on relatively steep slopes, landslide bodies, etc. In recent years, with the rapid development of large-scale infrastructure, civil engineering projects are often built adjacent to mountains, and there have been an increasing number of disaster events caused by the instability of poor geological bodies, resulting in serious losses of life and property. Therefore, the research and development of a monitoring and early warning system for poor geological bodies is of great significance.

[0003] A poor geological body stability monitoring system and method disclosed in a patent application with the reference publication number CN109520474B is used to quickly and accurately monitor the state of poor geological bodies. A poor geological body stability monitoring method provided by the present invention includes: obtaining the inclination angle information of the poor geological body; transmitting the inclination angle information to the monitoring and early warning system; the inclination angle information includes the dip angle and geometric dimensions of the poor geological body. By monitoring the dip angle to determine the state of the poor geological body, the accuracy of the instability early warning of the poor geological body is effectively improved.

[0004] In the above solution, the geological monitoring displacement should mainly be based on the change of the dip angle. During the monitoring process, single dip angle monitoring is prone to errors, and the existing technology cannot accurately represent the instability changes in the hidden and non-directly observable deep geological part of the terrain for the direct changes on the surface of the terrain, and cannot accurately monitor and evaluate the geological instability situation. Moreover, for the calculation of a large number of dip angles and geometric dimensions, the data is not intuitive enough.

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a monitoring and evaluation system for the instability of geological structures induced by geothermal drilling construction to solve the above technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a monitoring and evaluation system for the instability of geological structures induced by geothermal drilling construction to solve the problems of the defects of the existing technology mentioned in the above background art.

[0007] Based on the above idea, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A monitoring and evaluation system for the instability of geological structures induced by geothermal drilling construction, the system includes:

[0008] A data acquisition module, which divides a selected area into multiple sub-areas and collects multiple average values of rock fractures {PL zb1 ,PL zb2 ,...,PL zbw}, the settlement values detected by n settlement sensors, the crack values detected by m displacement sensors, and the compressive strength values of y soils detected by the pressure test method;

[0009] The data evaluation and analysis module evaluates and analyzes the data values that do not reach the standard threshold values during the comparison of the data values collected by the data collection module with the standard threshold values of each item to obtain the rock fracture difference CPL zb , the terrain change value DX bh and the soil relaxation difference CTR sc of the instability data, and then generates the instability index SW zs ;

[0010] The data warning module compares the instability index SW zs generated by the data evaluation and analysis module with the preset instability index threshold SW zsd to generate the instability difference SW zsc , and determines whether to generate an instability warning prompt. If an instability warning prompt is generated, the warning level is determined;

[0011] The division module, when the data warning module determines that an instability warning prompt is generated, generates the warning level, and then implements measures to deal with the instability of the geological structure according to the generated warning level;

[0012] The database storage module is used to store the data run by the data collection module, the data evaluation and analysis module, the data warning module, and the division module.

[0013] As a further solution of the present invention: The method for dividing the area into multiple sub-areas is specifically as follows: By controlling the drone to fly over the boundary of the selected area, a surveying and mapping image of the selected area is taken, and the boundary of the surveying and mapping image is marked;

[0014] Mark multiple inherent walking paths in the surveying and mapping image;

[0015] Taking the multiple walking paths as dividing lines, the surveying and mapping image is divided into sub-images, and each sub-image corresponds to a sub-area.

[0016] As a further solution of the present invention: The method for obtaining the rock fracture difference CPL zb includes:

[0017] Using an X-ray tomography device to randomly scan w rocks in the sub-area at the same standard size;

[0018] Obtain a scanned image of the rock;

[0019] Mark the pixel values of all pixel points in the rock scan image and count the total number of pixel points;

[0020] Compare the pixel values of all pixel points one by one with the preset lower limit pixel value and the preset upper limit pixel value;

[0021] Mark the pixel points whose pixel values are between the preset lower limit pixel value and the preset upper limit pixel value as cracked pixel points, and count the number of cracked pixel points KX in the rock d ;

[0022] Compare the number of cracked pixel points KX d in the rock with the total number of pixel points Z d in the rock scan to obtain the ratio PL of cracked pixel points zb ;

[0023] The expression for the ratio PL of cracked pixel points zb is:

[0024]

[0025] Add up the ratios of rock cracking of w in the sub-region to obtain the average value ZPL of rock cracking zb ;

[0026] The expression for the average value ZPL of rock cracking zb is:

[0027]

[0028] In the formula, ZPL zb is the average value of rock cracking in the sub-region, and PL zba is the a-th average value of rock cracking in the sub-region;

[0029] Compare the average value ZPL of rock cracking zb with the standard average value BPL of rock cracking zb to obtain the difference CPL of rock cracking zb ;

[0030] The expression for the difference CPL of rock cracking zb is:

[0031] CPL zb = BPL zb - ZPL zb ;

[0032] As a further solution of the present invention: the method for obtaining the terrain change value DX bh is:

[0033] In n sensors are randomly arranged in each sub-region;

[0034] Through the n settlement sensors, the settlement values in the sub-region within time t and the m displacement sensors within time t are used to monitor the crack values in the sub-region; The sum of the settlement values of the n sensors within time t is averaged to obtain the average settlement value;

[0035] The expression of the average settlement value:

[0036] In the formula, ZCJ

[0037]

[0038] is bh the sub-settlement change value of the sub-region, and ZCJ b is the settlement value of the b-th sensor in the sub-region at time t;

[0039] The sum of the crack values of the m sensors within time t is averaged to obtain the average crack value ZLF bh ;

[0040] The expression of the average crack value ZLF bh is:

[0041]

[0042] In the formula, ZLF d is the crack value of the d-th sensor in the sub-region after time t;

[0043] Through the average settlement value ZCJ in the sub-region bh plus the average crack value ZLF bh , the topographic change value DX in the sub-region is obtained bh ;

[0044] The topographic change value DX bh expression is:

[0045] DX bh = ZLF bh + ZCJ bh .

[0046] As a further solution of the present invention: The method for obtaining the soil relaxation degree difference CTR sc includes:

[0047] By Sub - regions, dig and obtain y soils with the same volume within the same depth;

[0048] Detect the compressive strength values of the y soils through the pressure - testing method;

[0049] Remove the maximum and minimum values from the compressive strength values of the y soils, and accumulate and average them to obtain the soil relaxation value TR sc ; The soil relaxation value TR sc The formula is:

[0050]

[0051] In the formula, TR kC is the compressive strength value of the C - th soil in the -th sub - region;

[0052] Compare the soil relaxation value TR sc with the standard soil relaxation value TR scb to obtain the soil relaxation difference CTR SC ; The soil relaxation difference CTR sc The expression is:

[0053] CTR sc =TR scb -TR sc .

[0054] As a further scheme of the present invention: The pressure - testing method includes:

[0055] Place the y soils in a container, set a pressure sensor on the plate, press the y soils by a distance x, and detect the pressure value of the soils when pressed by another distance x through the pressure sensor, so as to detect the compressive strength values of the y soils.

[0056] As a further scheme of the present invention: The expression of the instability index SW zs is:

[0057] SW zs =θ1×CPL zb +θ2×DX bh +θ3×CTR sc ;

[0058] In the formula, SW zs is the geological instability index, θ1 is the weight coefficient of the rock fracture difference CPL zb , θ2 is the weight coefficient of the terrain change value DX bh , θ3 is the weight coefficient of the soil relaxation difference CTR sc , and θ1 + θ2 + θ3 = 1.

[0059] As a further solution of the present invention: the instability difference SW zsc The expression is:

[0060] SW zsc = SW zsd - SW zs ;

[0061] In the formula, SW zsd is a preset instability index threshold;

[0062] When the instability difference SW zsc is greater than or equal to 0, no geological instability warning prompt is judged;

[0063] When the instability difference SW zsc is less than 0, a geological instability warning prompt is judged.

[0064] As a further solution of the present invention: the warning levels include: a first-level warning level and a second-level warning level;

[0065] Generation methods for the first-level warning level and the second-level warning level:

[0066] Compare the instability difference SW zsc with a preset level threshold YS z , YS z is less than 0;

[0067] When SW ZSC is greater than YS z then, a first-level warning prompt is generated, construction is suspended, and drilling parameters are optimized;

[0068] When SW ZSC is less than or equal to YS z then, a second-level warning prompt is generated, construction is immediately stopped, and personnel and equipment are evacuated.

[0069] As a further solution of the present invention: the average rock fracture value, settlement value, soil compressive value, and crack value collected by the data acquisition module are compared one by one with the average rock fracture value threshold, settlement value threshold, soil compressive threshold, and crack threshold in the historical instability data:

[0070] If the value of one of the data is greater than or equal to its item threshold, an early warning alarm is immediately generated;

[0071] If each item of data is less than each item threshold, the monitoring data is sent to the data evaluation and analysis module for analysis and evaluation.

[0072] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0073] 1. Divide the selected area into multiple sub - areas, collect the average rock fracture values of multiple areas, the settlement values detected by n settlement sensors, the crack values detected by m displacement sensors for monitoring, and the compressive values of y soils detected by the pressure test method. Then, through the analysis of the monitoring, obtain the instability data of the rock fracture difference, terrain change value, and soil relaxation difference. Then generate an instability index, which avoids monitoring a large amount of data. At the same time, through the comprehensive evaluation of multiple groups of data, it ensures accurate monitoring and evaluation of the geological instability situation, and avoids the calculation of a large number of inclinations and geometric dimensions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0074] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and embodiments.

[0075] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0076] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the process structure of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0077] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0078] As Figures 1 to 2 shown, a monitoring and evaluation system for geological structure instability induced by geothermal drilling construction includes the following embodiments:

[0079] Embodiment 1: As Figures 1 to 2 shown, the system includes:

[0080] A data acquisition module divides the selected area into multiple sub - areas and collects the average rock fracture values of multiple areas {PL zb1 ,PL zb2 ,...,PL zbw}, the settlement values detected by n settlement sensors, the crack values detected by m displacement sensors for monitoring, and the compressive values of y soils detected by the pressure test method;

[0081] The method for dividing the area into multiple sub-areas is as follows: By controlling the drone to fly over the boundary of the selected area, a surveying and mapping image of the selected area is obtained and the boundary of the surveying and mapping image is marked; Multiple inherent walking paths are marked in the surveying and mapping image; Using the multiple walking paths as dividing lines, the surveying and mapping image is divided into sub-images, and each sub-image corresponds to a sub-area respectively. By dividing the selected area into multiple small areas, it is convenient for data collection, analysis and processing;

[0082] The data evaluation and analysis module evaluates and analyzes the data values that do not reach the standard threshold values during the comparison of the data values collected by the data collection module with various standard threshold values to obtain the rock fracture difference CPL zb , the terrain change value DX bh and the soil relaxation difference CTR sc of the instability data, and then generates the instability index SW zs ;

[0083] The average rock fracture value, settlement value, soil compressive value and crack value collected by the data collection module are compared one by one with the average rock fracture value threshold, settlement value threshold, soil compressive threshold and crack threshold in the historical instability data:

[0084] If the value of one of the data is greater than or equal to its item threshold, an early warning alarm is immediately generated; If the values of all data are less than the respective thresholds, the monitoring data is sent to the data evaluation and analysis module for analysis and evaluation. During the actual monitoring process, when any of the average rock fracture value, settlement value, compressive value and crack value reaches the preset threshold in the setting, it means that the geological instability has reached an irreversible situation. If the monitored data temporarily does not reach the threshold, no early warning can be carried out, but the instability situation cannot be comprehensively judged in time through the data. Therefore, the average rock fracture value, settlement value, compressive value and crack value that do not reach the threshold are further evaluated and analyzed to improve the monitoring accuracy.

[0085] Example 2: The method for obtaining the rock fracture difference CPL zb includes:

[0086] Using an X-ray tomography device to randomly scan w rocks in the sub-area at the same standard size;

[0087] Obtain a scanned image of the rock;

[0088] The specific operation is as follows

[0089] Conduct macroscopic observation on rock samples and select representative core samples; determine the sample size according to the required scanning resolution to ensure that the sample does not exceed the detector's reception range during the 360° scan; turn on the instrument power, preheat the X-ray source and detector, and set relevant parameters; place the sample on the sample stage and fix it, adjust the sample position to make the sample image within the detector's field of view; according to the two-dimensional preview image of the sample on the detector, adjust the positions of the ray source and detector to ensure that the scanned image does not exceed the detector's field of view;

[0090] Mark the pixel values of all pixel points in the rock scan image and count the total number of pixel points; compare the pixel values of all pixel points with the preset lower limit pixel value and the preset upper limit pixel value one by one; mark the pixel points with pixel values between the preset lower limit pixel value and the preset upper limit pixel value as cracked pixel points, and count the number of cracked pixel points KX in the rock d ; the number of cracked pixel points KX in the rock d is compared with the total number of pixel points Z d in the rock scan to obtain the ratio PL of cracked pixel points zb ;

[0091] The expression for the ratio PL of cracked pixel points zb is:

[0092]

[0093] After accumulating the w ratios of rock cracking in the sub-region, the average value ZPL of rock cracking is obtained zb ;

[0094] The expression for the average value ZPL of rock cracking zb is:

[0095]

[0096] In the formula, ZPL zb is the average value of rock cracking in the sub-region, and PL zba is the a-th average value of rock cracking in the sub-region; compare the average value ZPL of rock cracking with the standard average value BPL zb of rock cracking to obtain the difference CPL zb of rock cracking, zb ,

[0097] The expression for the difference CPL zb of rock cracking is:

[0098] CPL zb = BPL zb - ZPL zb ;

[0099] When the average rock fracture value ZPL zb is larger, it indicates that the fracture situation of the rock in the sub-region, and the texture change is judged through the fracture situation of the rock. Through the rock fracture difference CPL zb intuitively shows the geological change situation. The rock fracture difference CPL zb is larger, indicating a greater geological change situation and a higher possibility of geological instability.

[0100] The terrain change value DX bh Obtaining method:

[0101] In the sub-region, randomly deploy n sensors respectively;

[0102] Through the n settlement sensors, monitor the settlement value in the sub-region within t time and through the m displacement sensors, monitor the crack value in the sub-region within t time; the settlement value in the sub-region within t time and the crack value in the sub-region within t time by the m displacement sensors; monitor the crack value in the sub-region;

[0103] Accumulate and average the settlement values of the n sensors within t time to obtain the average settlement value;

[0104] Expression of the average settlement value:

[0105]

[0106] In the formula, ZCJ bh is the sub-settlement change value of the sub-region. ZCJ b is the settlement value of the b-th sensor in the sub-region at time t;

[0107] Accumulate and average the crack values of the m sensors within t time to obtain the average crack value ZLF bh ;

[0108] The expression of the average crack value ZLF bh is:

[0109]

[0110] In the formula, ZLF d is the crack value of the d-th sensor in the sub-region after time t;

[0111] Through the average settlement value ZCJ in the sub-region bh plus the average crack value ZLF bh , obtain the terrain change value DX in the sub-region bh ;

[0112] The terrain change value DX bh The expression is:

[0113] DX bh =ZLF bh +ZCJ bh .

[0114] The difference in soil looseness CTR sc The acquisition method includes:

[0115] By digging y soils with the same volume within the same depth in the sub-region;

[0116] Detect the compressive strength values of the y soils through a pressure test method;

[0117] The pressure test method includes:

[0118] By placing the y soils in a container, setting a pressure sensor on the plate, and pressing the y soils down by a distance x, detecting the pressure value when the y soils are pressed down by another distance x through the pressure sensor, so as to detect the compressive strength values of the y soils;

[0119] Remove the maximum and minimum values from the compressive strength values of the y soils to avoid inaccurate data caused by excessive data deviation, and accumulate and average to obtain the soil looseness value TR sc ;

[0120] The soil looseness value TR sc The formula is:

[0121]

[0122] In the formula, TR kC is the compressive strength value of the Cth soil in the th sub-region;

[0123] Compare the soil looseness value TR sc with the standard soil looseness value TR scb to obtain the difference in soil looseness CTR sc ; The difference in soil looseness CTR sc The expression is:

[0124] CTR sc =TR scb -TR sc .

[0125] As a further solution of the present invention: The instability index SW zs The expression is:

[0126] SWzs = θ1 × CPL zb + θ2 × DX bh + θ3 × CTR sc ;

[0127] Wherein, SW zs is the geological instability index, θ1 is the weight coefficient of the rock fracture difference CPL zb and θ2 is the weight coefficient of the terrain change value DX bh , θ3 is the weight coefficient of the soil relaxation difference CTR sc , and θ1 + θ2 + θ3 = 1.

[0128] It should be noted that the magnitude of the weight factor is a specific value obtained by quantifying each data for subsequent comparison. Regarding the magnitude of the weight factor, it depends on the amount of instability data and the preliminary setting of the corresponding weight factor for each set of comprehensive pest data by those skilled in the art.

[0129] The data warning module will generate the instability index SW through the data evaluation and analysis module zs and compare it with the preset instability index threshold SW zsd to generate the instability difference SW zsc , and determine whether to generate an instability warning prompt. If an instability warning prompt is generated, the warning level will be determined;

[0130] The division module, when the data warning module determines that an instability warning prompt is generated, will generate the warning level, and then implement measures to address the geological structure instability according to the generated warning level;

[0131] The database storage module is used to store the data run by the data collection module, the data evaluation and analysis module, the data warning module, and the division module.

[0132] The expression of the instability difference SW zsc is:

[0133] SW zsc = SW zsd - SW zs ;

[0134] Wherein, SW zsd is the preset instability index threshold;

[0135] When the instability difference SW zsc is greater than or equal to 0, no geological instability warning prompt will be judged;

[0136] When the instability difference SW zsc is less than 0, a geological instability warning prompt will be judged.

[0137] In this solution, multiple sub-regions are divided within the selected area, and the average rock fracture values of multiple regions, the settlement values detected by n settlement sensors, the crack values detected by m displacement sensors are collected for monitoring, as well as the compressive strength values of y soils detected by the pressure test method. The rock fracture difference CPL is obtained through the analysis of the monitoring. zb and the terrain change value DX bh and the soil relaxation difference CTR sc of the instability data; then the instability index SW zs is generated. This avoids monitoring a large amount of data. Through the comprehensive evaluation of multiple sets of data, it ensures accurate monitoring and evaluation of geological instability, and avoids the calculation of a large number of inclinations and geometric dimensions.

[0138] The warning levels include: the first-level warning level and the second-level warning level;

[0139] The generation methods of the first-level warning level and the second-level warning level:

[0140] The instability difference SW zsc is compared with the preset level threshold YS z . If YS z is less than 0; the larger the instability difference SW zsc , the farther it is from the instability state. If the instability difference SW zsc is smaller, it means it is closer to the instability state. When the instability difference SW zsc is in a state of being less than 0, it means that the instability warning production state has been reached.

[0141] When the instability difference SW zsc is greater than YS z , a first-level warning prompt is generated, and the construction is suspended to optimize the drilling parameters;

[0142] When the instability difference SW zsc is less than or equal to YS z , a second-level warning prompt is generated, and the construction is immediately stopped, and the personnel and equipment are evacuated.

[0143] At the same time, the content not detailed in this specification belongs to the well-known prior art in the art.

[0144] It should be noted that in this text, relational terms such as first and second are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "comprising", "including" or any other variant thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article or device comprising a series of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.

[0145] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A monitoring and evaluation system for the instability of geological structures induced by geothermal drilling construction, characterized in that the system Including: Data acquisition module, dividing a selected area into multiple sub-areas, collecting multiple average values of rock fractures in the areas , settlement values detected by n settlement sensors, crack values detected by m displacement sensors for monitoring, and compressive values of y soils detected by a pressure test method; The data evaluation and analysis module evaluates and analyzes the data values that do not meet the standard thresholds during the comparison of the data values collected by the data acquisition module with various standard thresholds, and obtains the rock fracture difference , the terrain change value and the soil looseness difference of the instability data, and then generates an instability index ; The data warning module will generate an instability index through the data evaluation and analysis module and compare it with the preset instability index threshold to generate an instability difference , and determine whether to generate an instability warning prompt. If an instability warning prompt is generated, the warning level will be determined; A division module, which, when the data warning module determines whether to generate an instability warning prompt as generating an instability warning, generates a warning level, and then implements measures to address geological structure instability according to the generated warning level; A database storage module for storing the data operated by the data acquisition module, the data evaluation and analysis module, the data warning module, and the division module; The method of dividing the said area into multiple sub-areas is as follows: By controlling a drone to fly over the boundary of the selected area, a surveying and mapping image of the selected area is obtained and the boundary of the surveying and mapping image is marked; Marking multiple inherent walking paths in the surveying and mapping image; Using multiple walking paths as dividing lines, the mapping image is divided into sub-images, and each sub-image corresponds to a sub-region; The rock fracture difference value The acquisition method includes: Using an X-ray tomography device to Randomly scan w rocks within the sub-region according to the same size standard; Scanning the rock to obtain a scanned image; Marking the pixel values of all pixel points in the rock scanned image and counting the total number of pixel points; Comparing the pixel values of all pixel points with a preset lower limit pixel value and a preset upper limit pixel value one by one; Pixels with pixel values between the preset lower pixel value and the preset upper pixel value are denoted as cracked pixels, and the number of cracked pixels in the rock is counted ; Compare the number of broken pixels in the rock with the total number of pixels scanned in the rock to obtain the ratio of broken pixels ; Ratio of broken pixels The expression is: ; After accumulating the w rock fracture occupancy ratios of the sub-regions, the average rock fracture value is obtained ; Average value of rock fracture Expression: ; In the formula, is the average value of rock fractures in the sub-region, is the a-th average value of rock fractures in the sub-region; Average rock fracture is compared with the standard average rock fracture to obtain the rock fracture difference ; Rock fracture difference The expression of: ; The terrain change value Obtaining method: At Randomly deploy n sensors in each sub-region; The settlement values in the sub-region are monitored by n settlement sensors within time t, and the crack values in the sub-region are monitored by m displacement sensors within time t. ​ Accumulating and averaging the settlement values of n sensors within t time to obtain an average settlement value; Expression for the average settlement: ; In the formula, is the sub-settlement change value of the sub-region, is the settlement value of the b-th sensor in the sub-region at time t; Accumulate the crack values of m sensors over t time and calculate the average to obtain the average crack value ; Average crack The expression of: ; In the formula, is the crack value of the d-th sensor in the sub-region after t time; By the average settlement within the sub-region plus the average crack , obtain the terrain change value within the sub-region ; The terrain change value The expression is: .

2. The monitoring and evaluation system for the instability of geological structures induced by geothermal drilling construction according to claim 1, wherein: The method for obtaining the difference in soil looseness includes: By digging in y soils with the same volume are obtained by digging in sub-regions at the same depth; Detecting the compressive strength values of y soils through a pressure test method; Remove the highest and lowest values from the compressive strength values of y soils, and accumulate and average them to obtain the soil looseness value ; Soil looseness value The formula is as follows: ; In the formula, is the C-th soil compressive value of the th sub-region; The soil relaxation value is compared with the standard soil sag value to obtain the soil relaxation difference ; Soil looseness difference The expression is: .

3. The monitoring and evaluation system for the instability of geological structures induced by geothermal drilling construction according to claim 2, characterized in that: The pressure test method includes: Placing y soils in a container, setting a pressure sensor on a plate member, pressing the y soils by a distance of x, and detecting the pressure value of the soils when they are pressed by another distance of x through the pressure sensor, so as to detect the compressive strength values of the y soils.

4. The monitoring and evaluation system for the instability of geological structures induced by geothermal drilling construction according to claim 3, characterized in that: The buckling index The expression is as follows: ; Wherein, is the geological instability index, is the rock fracture difference weight coefficient of, is the terrain change value weight coefficient of, is the soil relaxation difference weight coefficient of, and + + = 1.

5. A monitoring and evaluation system for the instability of geological structures induced by geothermal drilling construction according to claim 4, characterized in that: The buckling difference value The expression is: ; Wherein, is a preset buckling index threshold value; When the instability difference is greater than or equal to 0, no geological instability warning prompt is judged; When the instability difference is less than 0, a geological instability warning prompt is judged.

6. The monitoring and evaluation system for the instability of geological structures induced by geothermal drilling construction according to claim 5, characterized in that: The warning levels include: a first-level warning level and a second-level warning level; Methods for generating the first-level warning level and the second-level warning level: Compare the buckling difference value with a preset level threshold value and, if it is less than 0; When the buckling difference is greater than then, a first-level warning prompt is generated, construction is suspended, and the drilling parameters are optimized; When the buckling difference is less than or equal to then, a secondary warning prompt is generated, and construction is immediately stopped, and personnel and equipment are evacuated.

7. The monitoring and evaluation system for the instability of geological structures induced by geothermal drilling construction according to claim 1, characterized in that: Comparing the average rock fracture value, settlement value, soil compressive strength value, and crack value collected by the data acquisition module with the average rock fracture value threshold, settlement value threshold, soil compressive strength threshold, and crack threshold in the historical instability data one by one: If the value of one of the data is greater than or equal to its corresponding threshold, an early warning alarm is immediately generated; If all the data are less than their respective thresholds, the monitoring data is sent to the data evaluation and analysis module for analysis and evaluation.

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