Operation system updating method and device and related equipment

Abstract

The invention discloses an operating system updating method and device and related equipment, and relates to the technical field of computers. Identifiers of multiple pieces of software included in a target operating system are determined, the target operating system is constructed according to the identifiers of the multiple pieces of software, the constructed target operating system comprises the multiple pieces of software and a first configuration file corresponding to each piece of software, and the target operating system is stored in a first file system on the electronic equipment; and switching an original operating system under a root directory of a second file system of the electronic equipment to a target operating system in the first file system, the target operating system running based on a second configuration file of the original operating system under the root directory. Therefore, when the target operating system runs, the system configuration of the original operating system can be reused, and a user does not need to reconfigure the system, so that the updating efficiency of the operating system can be effectively improved. Moreover, the original operating system and the target operating system are decoupled, so that the spanning degree and the difference degree of the operating systems can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of computer technology, and in particular to an operating system updating method, device and related equipment. Background Art

[0002] In actual application scenarios, it is usually necessary to update the operating system (OS) in electronic devices. For example, electronic devices usually periodically upgrade the operating system to improve the security of the operating system, or enrich the services that the operating system can provide by adding service programs in the operating system.

[0003] At present, in the process of updating the operating system, a new version of the operating system is usually reinstalled on the electronic device, and the services and system configurations are redeployed on the new version of the operating system, such as synchronizing the service data in the old version of the operating system to the new version of the operating system, formatting the hard disk based on the new version of the operating system, and repartitioning. However, this method of updating the operating system requires the services and system configurations to be redeployed, resulting in low operating system update efficiency.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a method that can improve the update efficiency of the operating system. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present application provides an operating system update method to improve the efficiency of updating the operating system on an electronic device. In addition, the present application also provides a corresponding operating system update device, a computing device, a computer-readable storage medium, and a computer program product.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present application provides an operating system update method, which can be executed by a corresponding operating system update device. Specifically, the operating system update device determines the identifiers of multiple software included in the target operating system, which identifiers can be, for example, character identifiers or names of multiple software, and constructs a target operating system (that is, a new operating system) based on the identifiers of the multiple software; wherein the constructed target operating system includes multiple software and a first configuration file corresponding to each of the multiple software, and the target operating system is stored in a first file system on an electronic device, and the first file system can be, for example, a file system temporarily created by the operating system update device on the electronic device; finally, the operating system update device switches the original operating system (that is, the old version of the operating system) under the root directory of the second file system of the electronic device to the target operating system in the first file system, so that the target operating system runs based on the second configuration file of the original operating system under the root directory, and the second configuration file is used to perform system configuration on the original operating system to support the operation of each software in the original operating system; accordingly, after completing the operating system switching, the target operating system can complete the corresponding system configuration based on the second configuration file and run based on the system configuration.

[0007] Thus, in the process of updating the operating system, since the original operating system in the root directory of the second file system is replaced with the newly constructed target operating system, the target operating system can reuse the system configuration of the original operating system when it is running, and the user does not need to reconfigure the system for the target operating system, which can effectively improve the updating efficiency of the operating system. In addition, the original operating system is decoupled from the target operating system, which can effectively reduce the differentiation requirements between the operating systems before and after the update when updating the operating system of the electronic device, that is, a large difference is allowed between the operating system after the update and the operating system before the update, so as to improve the span and differentiation of the operating system.

[0008] In a possible implementation, when building the target operating system, the operating system update device may specifically create a first file system in the electronic device, and the first file system may be a temporary file system, etc. Then, the operating system update device may build a second package manager corresponding to the target operating system according to the first package manager corresponding to the original operating system. For example, the operating system update device may build a second package manager according to a software package named "rpm-banben.rpm" in the first package manager, etc., so that the operating system update device may use the second package manager to install multiple software included in the target operating system in the first file system to complete the construction of the target operating system. In this way, the operating system update device may use the first package manager of the original operating system to realize the automatic construction of the target operating system, without the need for the user to provide the package manager required to build the target operating system, thereby reducing the requirements for users to update the operating system and improving the efficiency of updating the operating system.

[0009] In a possible implementation, the format of the software package corresponding to the software included in the original operating system is a first format, such as RPM format, and the format of the software package corresponding to the software included in the target operating system is a second format, such as DEB format, etc. Then, when the operating system update device obtains the identifiers of multiple software included in the target operating system, it can specifically first obtain the mapping relationship between the identifiers of the software in the original operating system and the identifiers of the software in the target operating system, and then determine the identifiers of the multiple software included in the target operating system based on the mapping relationship, and the configuration files corresponding to the multiple software are matched with the configuration files corresponding to the software in the original operating system. In this way, the operating system update device can realize the update of the operating system of the electronic device between the operating systems corresponding to different software package systems, so as to effectively improve the span and difference of the operating system.

[0010] In a possible implementation, when the operating system update device determines the identifiers of multiple software included in the target operating system, it may specifically determine the identifier of the first software included in the target operating system, where the first software is software that is mapped between the target operating system and the original operating system; or, determine the identifier of the second software included in the target operating system, where the second software is software that is not included in the original operating system; or, determine the identifier of the third software included in the target operating system, where the third software is a new version of software that is not installed in the original operating system; or, determine the identifier of the fourth software included in the target operating system, where the fourth software is software that is specified by the user to be retained in the original operating system. In actual application, the multiple software included in the target operating system may be any one or more of the first software, the second software, the third software, and the fourth software. In this way, it is possible to determine which software the target operating system includes, so that the target operating system can be constructed later by retaining or downloading and installing software.

[0011] In a possible implementation, the target operating system may further include a fifth software or a sixth software in the multiple software included in the target operating system. The fifth software is the software that the first software, the second software, or the third software depends on when running; the sixth software is the software in the original operating system that the fourth software depends on when running. In this way, the fifth software and the sixth software that are depended on by other software in the target operating system can be determined, so that a complete target operating system can be constructed later.

[0012] In a possible implementation, if the operating system includes the first software or the fourth software among the multiple software, the operating system update device may also synchronize the configuration file corresponding to the first software or the configuration file corresponding to the fourth software to the first file system. In this way, the first software and the fourth software in the target operating system may maintain configuration synchronization with the corresponding software in the original operating system, thereby further improving the updating efficiency of the operating system.

[0013] In a possible implementation, the operating system update device may also output indication information of multiple candidate operating systems, such as the name or icon of the candidate operating system, so that the operating system update device may determine the target operating system in response to the user's selection operation on the indication information of the candidate operating system, and the target operating system is the candidate operating system selected by the user. In this way, the operating system update device may support the user to select the target operating system, that is, the user decides which operating system to update the operating system on the electronic device to, thereby improving the user's freedom and user experience in updating the operating system.

[0014] In a possible implementation, the root directory of the second file system also includes business data, and the target operating system can run based on the second configuration file and business data in the root directory. In this way, after switching the operating system in the root directory, the target operating system can reuse the business data in the root directory when running, without the user having to redeploy business and synchronize business data for the target operating system, which can further improve the update efficiency of the operating system.

[0015] In a possible implementation, the operating system update device can also back up the original operating system during the process of updating the operating system, such as backing up the original operating system in a newly created third file system, etc.; and when the electronic device meets the rollback condition for the operating system, the operating system update device can use the backed-up original operating system to roll back the operating system of the electronic device to the original operating system. In this way, when an update fails or the target operating system is not suitable, the operating system update device can use the backed-up original operating system to roll back the operating system of the electronic device to the original operating system before the update, thereby improving the fault tolerance of the updated operating system.

[0016] In a second aspect, the present application provides an operating system updating device, which includes various modules for executing the operating system updating method in the first aspect or any possible implementation of the first aspect.

[0017] In a third aspect, the present application provides a computing device, comprising a processor and a memory. The processor and the memory communicate with each other. The processor is used to execute instructions stored in the memory so that the computing device executes the operating system update method in the first aspect or any one of the implementations of the first aspect. It should be noted that the memory can be integrated into the processor or can be independent of the processor. The computing device may also include a bus. The processor is connected to the memory via the bus. The memory may include a readable memory and a random access memory.

[0018] In a fourth aspect, the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, which stores instructions, and when the computer-readable storage medium is executed on a computing device, the computing device executes the operating steps of the operating system updating method described in the first aspect or any one of the implementations of the first aspect.

[0019] In a fifth aspect, the present application provides a computer program product comprising instructions, which, when executed on a computing device, enables the computing device to execute the operating steps of the operating system updating method described in the first aspect or any one of the implementations of the first aspect.

[0020] Based on the implementations provided in the above aspects, this application can also be further combined to provide more implementations. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of an exemplary data processing system provided by the present application;

[0022] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of another exemplary data processing system provided by the present application;

[0023] Figure 3 A flowchart of an operating system update method provided by this application;

[0024] Figure 4 A schematic diagram for determining multiple software included in the target operating system;

[0025] Figure 5 A schematic diagram for creating a target operating system in a first file system;

[0026] Figure 6 A schematic diagram for updating an original operating system to a target operating system;

[0027] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the structure of an operating system update device provided by the present application;

[0028] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the hardware structure of a computing device provided for this application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] In order to improve the efficiency of updating the operating system, the present application provides a method for updating the operating system, which avoids the user from redeploying services and system configurations for the target operating system by replacing the original operating system in the root directory of the electronic device with a newly built target operating system, thereby improving the update efficiency of the operating system.

[0030] To facilitate understanding of the technical solution of the present application, the relevant technical terms involved in the present application are explained below.

[0031] An operating system is a set of interrelated system software programs that manage and control computer operations, use and run hardware and software resources, and provide public services to organize user interactions. It can be a Linux operating system, Windows operating system, etc.

[0032] A configuration file is a computer file that can configure parameters and initial settings for some computer programs. Different configurations can be made for different objects.

[0033] Software refers to a collection of computer data and instructions organized in a specific order, including computer programs, procedures, rules, and possible files, documents, and data related to the operation of a computer system.

[0034] A software package refers to a group or multiple groups of programs that have specific functions and are used to complete specific tasks. A software package can be obtained by compiling and packaging source code, and the software package is used to implement all the functions of the software. Exemplarily, the software package in this embodiment can be a Red Hat Package Manager (RPM) package, or a software package in deb format.

[0035] A package manager, also known as a software package management system, is a combination of tools that can automatically install, configure, uninstall, and upgrade software packages in an operating system, such as an RPM package manager.

[0036] A file system is a method of storing and organizing data. It uses the abstract logical concepts of files and tree directories to replace the concept of data blocks used by physical storage devices (such as hard disks, optical disks, etc.) to simplify data access and search. Generally, a file system provides users with a mechanism for accessing underlying data. It divides the space in the device into blocks (or clusters) of a specific size, such as 512 bytes per block. Data is stored in these blocks, and the size is corrected to occupy an integer number of blocks. The file system software is responsible for organizing these blocks into files and directories, and recording which blocks are assigned to which file and which blocks are not in use.

[0037] The boot loader is the first piece of code executed by the embedded system after power-on. After completing the initialization of the processor and related hardware, it loads the operating system image or solidified embedded application into the memory, jumps to the space where the operating system is located, and starts the operating system.

[0038] See also Figure 1 , showing a schematic diagram of the structure of a data processing system provided by the present application. Figure 1 As shown, the data processing system 10 may include a client 101, a management platform 102, an electronic device 103, and an operating system update device 104, and the client 101, the management platform 102, the electronic device 103, and the operating system update device 104 may be interconnected via a network.

[0039] The client 101 is used to interact with the user, such as presenting multiple new versions of operating systems to the user, and feeding back the operating system selected by the user to the management platform 102. Exemplarily, the client 101 may be an application running on a user-side device, or may be a web browser provided by the data processing system 10 to the outside.

[0040] The management platform 102 is used to manage the operating system update device 104 , such as instructing the operating system update device 104 to upgrade the operating system on one or more electronic devices 103 .

[0041] The electronic device 103 may be a computing device with data processing capability, such as a server. An operating system may be deployed on the electronic device 103, which is referred to as the original operating system below. The original operating system includes multiple software and configuration files for the software. Figure 1 The original operating system including software 1 to software 3 is used as an example for explanation. The configuration file can be used to configure parameters of the software, etc. In addition, system configuration and business data are also deployed on the electronic device. Among them, the system configuration can be, for example, dynamic configuration information generated by the original operating system during operation, or can be information configured by the user for the original operating system, such as configuring the storage area where the original operating system is running. Business data, for example, can be data generated by one or more software in the original operating system during operation. In actual application, the software package corresponding to the software in the original operating system is a software package in a standard format, such as a software package in RPM format (hereinafter referred to as RPM package), etc. Furthermore, the electronic device 103 can also include software packages in non-standard formats, such as binary software packages customized by users on the electronic device 103, such as Figure 1 As shown, it can be used to provide corresponding personalized services when running on the electronic device 103.

[0042] The operating system updating device 104 is used to update the operating system on the electronic device 103 from the original operating system to the target operating system, which is also the updated operating system. In specific implementation, the operating system updating device 104 determines the identifiers of multiple software included in the target operating system (that is, the updated operating system), and the identifiers can be, for example, software names, etc. In addition, the operating system updating device 104 will also build a target operating system based on the identifiers of the multiple software, and the target operating system includes multiple software indicated by the identifiers and a first configuration file corresponding to each of the multiple software, and the first configuration file is used to configure the software accordingly, such as configuring parameters of the software, etc. The target operating system is stored in the file system 1 on the electronic device 103. In this way, the operating system updating device 104 switches the original operating system (that is, the operating system before the update) under the root directory in the file system 2 of the electronic device 103 to the target operating system in the file system 1, thereby updating the operating system in the electronic device 103 from the original operating system to the target operating system. Among them, the root directory in the file system 2 also stores a second configuration file for the original operating system, which is used to perform relevant configurations on the original operating system, such as configuring the Internet Protocol (IP) address used by the original operating system to be a static IP address or a dynamic IP address.

[0043] Thus, in the process of updating the operating system, since the operating system updating device 104 replaces the original operating system in the root directory of the second file system with the newly constructed target operating system, the target operating system can reuse the system configuration of the original operating system based on the second configuration file when it is running, without the user having to redeploy the system configuration for the target operating system, which can effectively improve the updating efficiency of the operating system. Furthermore, the root directory in the file system 2 can also store business data, such as Figure 1 As shown, the business data is the business-related data provided by the business software deployed by the user in the original operating system when it is running. This enables the target operating system to reuse the business data under the root directory when it is running, without the user having to redeploy the business for the target operating system and synchronize the business data, which can further improve the update efficiency of the operating system.

[0044] In addition, the original operating system is decoupled from the target operating system, which can effectively reduce the differentiation requirements between the operating systems before and after the update when updating the operating system of the electronic device 103, that is, a large difference is allowed between the operating system after the update and the operating system before the update. For example, the original operating system can be centos, and the target operating system can be openEuler, so that the operating system can be upgraded and updated across different Linux distributions. In this way, the span and difference between the operating systems before and after the update can be effectively improved.

[0045] Exemplarily, the operating system updating device 104 may be implemented by software or hardware.

[0046] In the first example, when implemented by software, the operating system update device 104 can be implemented by program code in the electronic device 103, for example, it can be implemented by at least one of a virtual machine (virtual machine), a container, a bare metal server (BMS), a computing engine, a software tool, etc.

[0047] In the second example, when implemented by hardware, the operating system update device 104 can be implemented by at least one physical device including a processor, such as a server, etc., and the physical device can be deployed on the electronic device 103, such as integrated into the electronic device 103 through a peripheral component interconnect express (PCIE) bus, etc. The processor can be a central processing unit (CPU), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a programmable logic device (PLD), a complex programmable logical device (CPLD), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), a generic array logic (GAL), a system on chip (SoC), a software-defined infrastructure (SDI) chip, an artificial intelligence (AI) chip, a data processing unit (DPU), or any processor core or any combination thereof. Furthermore, the number of processors included in the operating system updating device 104 may be one or more, and the types of processors included may be one or more. The number and types of processors may be set specifically according to the business requirements of actual applications, and this embodiment does not limit this.

[0048] It is worth noting that the above Figure 1 The data processing system 10 shown is only used as an exemplary description. In other possible implementations, the data processing system may further include other devices, such as a database, which may be used to store the source code of at least one software included in the target operating system, so that the operating system update device 104 can download and install the software in the target operating system from the database during the process of updating the operating system of the electronic device 103. Or, in other possible implementations, such as Figure 2As shown, the data processing system 20 includes an operating system update device 201 and an electronic device 202, and the operating system update device 201 is integrated on the electronic device 202, and the operating system update device 201 can be implemented by software or hardware; thus, the user can trigger the operating system update device 201 to update the operating system on the electronic device 202 by inputting a command line on the electronic device 202. The specific architecture of the data processing system is not limited in this application.

[0049] Next, the operating system update method provided by the present application is described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0050] See also Figure 3 , Figure 3 A flowchart of an operating system update method provided in this application, which can be applied to Figure 1 or Figure 2 The data processing system shown in the figure may be applied to other applicable data processing systems. Figure 1 The data processing system 10 shown is taken as an example for illustrative description.

[0051] in, Figure 3 The operating system update method shown may specifically include:

[0052] S301: the operating system updating device 104 determines the identifiers of multiple software included in the target operating system.

[0053] In actual application scenarios, the operating system is composed of multiple software (and a first configuration file for each of the multiple software). Therefore, when the operating system on the electronic device 103 is updated, it is specifically to update the software included in the operating system on the electronic device 103, such as upgrading part of the software in the operating system to a new version of the software, or adding new software to the operating system, or deleting part of the existing software, etc.

[0054] Therefore, when updating the operating system on the electronic device 103, the operating system update device 104 can first determine which software the target operating system (ie, the updated operating system) includes, and specifically can first determine the identifiers of multiple software included in the target operating system.

[0055] In a possible implementation, the operating system updating device 104 may determine the software included in the target operating system in the following manner (the following determination of each software refers to determining the identifier of each software).

[0056] Method 1: The operating system update device 104 obtains a configuration file 1, which records the mapping relationship between the software in the original operating system and the software in the target operating system. The mapping relationship can associate software with the same functions but different names in the two operating systems. For example, the original operating system can be a community enterprise operating system (CentOS), and the target operating system can be an openEuler operating system. In the CentOS operating system, the quick emulator (QEMU) software is named "qemu", and in the openEuler operating system, the QEMU software is named "qemu-kvm". Therefore, a mapping relationship between the QEMU software "qemu" in the CentOS operating system and the QEMU software "qemu-kvm" in the openEuler operating system can be established in the configuration file 1.

[0057] In this way, the operating system updating device 104 can determine the first software included in the target operating system and mapped to the software in the original operating system according to the mapping relationship recorded in the configuration file 1, and specifically can determine the identifier of the first software, such as Figure 4 The number of the first software may be one or more.

[0058] Method 2: The operating system update device 104 obtains configuration file 2, which records the software that does not exist in the original operating system and needs to be added in the target operating system. For example, the original operating system does not include QEMU software, while the target operating system includes QEMU software. In this way, the operating system update device 104 can determine the second software included in the target operating system but not included in the original operating system based on the configuration file 2, such as Figure 4 The number of the second software may be one or more.

[0059] Method 3: The package manager of the original operating system includes software with the same software name but different versions, or the description file of the software package included in the package manager indicates that the software A1 in the original operating system is replaced with the software A2 in the package manager. In this way, the operating system update device 104 can determine the new version of the software that is not installed in the original operating system through the package manager in the original operating system, and use the software as the third software in the target operating system, such as Figure 4As shown. The third software is software with the same software name and different version number as the software installed in the original operating system, or can be software recorded in the description file (used to replace the software installed in the original operating system, the two software have different software names and different version numbers). The number of the third software can be one or more.

[0060] Method 4: During the process of upgrading the operating system on the electronic device 103, the user may specify to retain some software in the original operating system in the target operating system, such as the user may specify to retain the QEMU software in the original operating system. In this way, the operating system updating device 104 may determine the software in the original operating system that is specified to be retained by the user as the fourth software in the target operating system, such as Figure 4 Wherein, the number of the fourth software can be one or more.

[0061] Method 5: In actual application, different software in the target operating system may have dependencies between each other during operation. Specifically, there is a dependency between the software packages corresponding to the multiple software in the target operating system. For example, the operation of software package A depends on software package B to run first and feedback the operation result to software package A. Therefore, the operating system update device 104 can use the software that the first software, the second software, or the third software depends on during operation as the fifth software in the target operating system, such as Figure 4 Wherein, the number of the fifth software can be one or more.

[0062] Method 6: For the fourth software specified by the user to be retained in the original operating system, it may also rely on other software when running. Therefore, the operating system update device 104 can use the other software that the fourth software relies on when running as the sixth software in the target operating system. The number of the sixth software can be one or more. Alternatively, the fourth software relies on other software in the original operating system when running, and the software that the fourth software relies on when running cannot be replaced by the software in the target operating system (including the first to fifth software). Then the operating system update device 104 can use the other software that the fourth software relies on when running in the original operating system as the sixth software in the target operating system. Figure 4 As shown, the number of the sixth software can be one or more. That is, the operating system updating device 104 can retain the software specified by the user in the original operating system and the software on which the software depends in the target operating system.

[0063] It can be understood that the above-mentioned implementation methods of multiple software in the target operating system are only used as an exemplary description. In other embodiments, the operating system update device 104 can also use other methods to determine the multiple software included in the target operating system. For example, the operating system update device 104 can arbitrarily combine the above six implementation methods to determine the multiple software included in the target operating system. For another example, the operating system update device 104 can obtain configuration file 3, which records the identifiers of all software included in the target operating system. In this way, the operating system update device 104 can determine the multiple software included in the target operating system based on the configuration file 3.

[0064] In actual application, in the first implementation example, the operating system update device 104 can also support the user to select the target operating system, that is, the user decides which operating system to update the operating system on the electronic device 103. In this way, after determining the target operating system selected by the user, the operating system update device 104 can further use the above method to determine the multiple software included in the target operating system.

[0065] In specific implementation, the operating system update device 104 can send indication information of multiple operating systems to the management platform 102, and the indication information can be, for example, the name of the operating system, so that the management platform 102 can instruct the client 101 to present the multiple operating systems to the user. For the convenience of distinction, the multiple operating systems presented by the client 101 are described as candidate operating systems in this embodiment. In this way, the user selects the indication information (such as names or icons, etc.) of multiple candidate operating systems on the interactive interface presented by the client 101, and the client 101 and the management platform 102 feed back the user's selection operation on the indication information of the multiple candidate operating systems to the operating system update device 104, and the selection operation can be, for example, a graphical operation or a point-and-click operation on the candidate operating system. Accordingly, the operating system update device 104 determines the candidate operating system selected by the user as the target operating system in this embodiment in response to the user's selection operation, so as to subsequently update the operating system on the electronic device 103 to the target operating system.

[0066] For each operating system supported by the operating system update device 104, the operating system update device 104 may be integrated with a configuration file corresponding to the operating system, and the configuration file may include the configuration file 1, configuration file 2, etc. In actual application, the configuration file corresponding to each operating system may be pre-deployed in the operating system update device 104 by a technician. In this way, after the user selects a target operating system from multiple candidate operating systems, the operating system update device 104 can determine the multiple software included in the target operating system according to the configuration file corresponding to the target operating system.

[0067] In the second implementation example, the operating system update device 104 can support the user to customize the updated operating system (i.e., the target operating system). Specifically, the operating system update device 104 can prompt the user to configure the updated operating system through the management platform 102 and the client 101, such as configuring the names of the software included in the updated operating system, the mapping relationship between some software in the operating system before and after the configuration update, the parameter configuration of each software, etc. In this way, the operating system update device 104 can generate a corresponding configuration file based on the user's configuration operation, and the configuration file can be the above-mentioned configuration file 1 and configuration file 2, so as to determine the multiple software included in the target operating system (and the configuration content for each software) according to the configuration file.

[0068] After determining the target operating system and the multiple software included in the target operating system (specifically determining the identifiers of the multiple software), the operating system updating device 104 may continue to execute the following step S302 to construct the target operating system.

[0069] S302: The operating system updating device 104 constructs a target operating system according to the determined identifiers of the multiple software. The target operating system includes multiple software and a first configuration file corresponding to each of the multiple software. The target operating system is stored in a first file system on the electronic device 103.

[0070] It is understandable that if the operating system update device 104 directly modifies the software in the original operating system on the electronic device 103 so that the modified original operating system is changed to the target operating system, this will cause the original operating system on the electronic device 103 to be prone to system disorders during operation, thereby causing the electronic device 103 to experience system paralysis for a period of time.

[0071] In this embodiment, the operating system updating device 104 can create a first file system on the electronic device 103. The first file can be a temporary file system, such as an initramfs file system, etc., which is used to store relevant data of the target operating system for a period of time. For example, the operating system updating device 104 can use dracut (an event-driven initramfs infrastructure) to create an initramfs file system, and use the initramfs file system to store relevant data of the target operating system to be generated.

[0072] When the target operating system includes some software in the original operating system, such as the user specifies to retain the QEMU software in the original operating system in the target operating system, the operating system update device 104 can first back up the software package database (such as the RPM database) in the original operating system, which records the relevant information of each software package in the original operating system, such as the dependencies between software packages, the names of software packages, etc. Then, the operating system update device 104 can delete the relevant information of the unreserved software in the backed-up software package database, and migrate the software package database after the information is deleted to the created first file system; and the operating system update device 104 can also copy the software packages corresponding to the software retained in the original operating system to the first file system, such as Figure 5 shown.

[0073] Next, the operating system update device 104 can construct a second package manager in the first file system based on the first package manager in the original operating system. The second package manager can be the minimum set of package managers running in the target operating system, that is, multiple software packages in the package manager are interdependent and independent of other software packages. Exemplarily, the operating system update device 104 can obtain software packages that can be used as package management tools in the first package manager. For example, when the first package manager is an RPM package manager, the software packages that can be used as package management tools in the first package manager can specifically be software packages named "rpm-banben.rpm", and the remaining software packages can be named "xxxx.rpm", where "xxxx" is used to refer to any name content. In this way, the operating system update device 104 can determine other software packages that are dependent on the software packages that can be used as package management tools in the first package manager (including direct dependencies and indirect dependencies), and construct a second package manager based on these software packages included in the original operating system, and install it in the target operating system, that is, copy the program files of the multiple software packages included in the second package manager to the first file system, such as Figure 5 shown.

[0074] After building the second package manager, the operating system update device 104 can use the second package manager to install all the software included in the target operating system. Specifically, it can access the remote warehouse for storing software according to the identifiers of multiple software included in the target operating system, and download and install the corresponding multiple software from the remote warehouse. The program files of the multiple software are stored in the first file system, so as to build the target operating system.

[0075] Further, when part of the software included in the target operating system is software retained from the original operating system (i.e., the fourth software and the sixth software mentioned above), the operating system update device 104 can synchronize the first configuration file about the part of the software in the original operating system to the target operating system, and the first configuration file will be copied to the first file system. Moreover, for the software in the target operating system and the original operating system that have a mapping relationship (i.e., the first software mentioned above), the operating system update device 104 can also synchronize the first configuration file about the part of the software in the original operating system to the target operating system, and the first configuration file will be copied to the first file system. In this way, the first software, the fourth software, and the sixth software in the target operating system can keep the configuration synchronized with the corresponding software in the original operating system. As for other software in the target operating system, such as the second software, the third software, and the fifth software mentioned above, when downloading these software, the operating system update device 104 can obtain the first configuration file for these software from the remote warehouse, and configure these software accordingly according to the first configuration file during the installation of the software.

[0076] After constructing the target operating system, the operating system updating device 104 may continue to execute the following step S303 to switch the operating system on the electronic device 103 from the original operating system to the target operating system, thereby updating the operating system on the electronic device 103 .

[0077] S303: The operating system updating device 104 switches the original operating system in the root directory of the second file system of the electronic device 103 to the target operating system in the first file system, wherein the target operating system runs based on the second configuration file for the original operating system in the root directory.

[0078] Since the target operating system has been constructed, the operating system updating device 104 switches the original operating system in the root directory of the second file system to the constructed target operating system, thereby updating the operating system on the electronic device 103 .

[0079] As an implementation example, when creating the first file system, the operating system update device 104 may add tools required for implementing system switching in the first file system, and the tools may include data mirroring backup tools, such as rsync tools (a data mirroring backup tool under the Linux operating system), etc. In addition, the operating system update device 104 also sets an operating system startup service in the first file, so as to start and run the target operating system based on the service.

[0080] Then, the operating system update device 104 can control the electronic device 103 to restart and uninstall the software packages corresponding to all the software in the original operating system saved in the second file system. Then, the operating system update device 104 can use the data mirror backup tool to synchronize the directory corresponding to the target operating system in the first file system to the root directory of the second file system, so as to replace the original operating system saved in the second file system with the target operating system. Exemplarily, the directory corresponding to the target operating system may include " / boot", " / usr", " / etc", " / opt", " / var", or may include other types of directories. Among them, the " / boot" directory is used to store the files required to be read when the target operating system starts running; the " / usr" directory is used to store user files and applications in the target operating system; the " / etc" directory is used to store configuration files in the target operating system; the " / opt" directory is used to install additional software packages in the target operating system; the "var" directory is used to store files that change normally in the target operating system.

[0081] Since an operating system usually needs to be started using a boot loader, the operating system updating device 104 also updates the boot loader in the second file system used to start the original operating system to a boot loader used to start the target operating system.

[0082] Finally, the operating system updating device 104 can control the electronic device 103 to restart, so that after the electronic device 103 runs the boot loader, it can control the target operating system to start running, thereby updating the operating system on the electronic device 103 from the original operating system to the target operating system.

[0083] Since the target operating system runs in the root directory of the second file system, that is, runs in the location where the original operating system is located, after the electronic device 103 starts running the target operating system, it can continue to use the second configuration file in the root directory to perform system configuration, such as configuring whether the IP address used by the target operating system is a static IP address or a dynamic IP address (the same as the IP address used by the original operating system). In this way, when the target operating system is running, it can reuse the system configuration of the original operating system, without the need for the user to reconfigure the system for the target operating system, which can effectively improve the update efficiency of the operating system. Further, the root directory of the second file system can also include business data, which can be, for example, business data related to the business provided by the business software deployed by the user in the original operating system when it is running, such as data stored by the database software when it is running. Then, when the target operating system is running, it can reuse the business data in the root directory, so that the user does not need to synchronize business data for the target operating system, so that the update efficiency of the operating system can be further improved.

[0084] For example, if Figure 6 As shown, the second file system where the original operating system is located includes software A.1, software B.1, software C.1, non-standard software packages, system configuration and business data, and the target operating system includes software A.2, software B.2, and software C.2 (the target operating system is located in the first file system), wherein software C.1 and its first configuration file, and the first configuration file of software B.1 in the original operating system are retained in the target operating system. After the operating system update device 104 replaces the original operating system in the first file system with the target operating system, the non-standard software packages, system configuration and business data in the first file system can be reused by the target operating system without separate configuration, and the configuration of software B.2 in the target operating system can also be synchronized based on software B.1 in the original operating system, which can effectively improve the update efficiency of the operating system.

[0085] Further, the operating system update device 104 can also support the rollback of the operating system of the electronic device 103. In specific implementation, when creating the first file system, the operating system update device 104 can set the first file system as the default startup item, that is, after the electronic device 103 is restarted, the first file system is started by default. For example, the operating system update device 104 can use tools such as grubby to set the first file system as the default startup item. In this way, before switching the operating system on the electronic device 103, the electronic device 103 can use the data mirror backup tool in the first file system to back up the original operating system in the second file system. In the process of updating the operating system of the electronic device 103, if the update fails (such as the electronic device 103 is powered off and restarted, etc.), or the target operating system is not suitable (such as the user modifies the updated operating system to another operating system, etc.), then, the operating system update device 104 can determine that the electronic device 103 meets the rollback condition for the operating system, and can use the backed up original operating system to roll back the operating system of the electronic device 103 to the original operating system before the update, thereby improving the fault tolerance of the updated operating system.

[0086] In actual application scenarios, when updating the operating system of the electronic device 103, the software package format corresponding to the software included in the operating system before the update (i.e., the original operating system) is the same as the software package format corresponding to the software included in the updated operating system (i.e., the target operating system), such as the software package formats corresponding to the software in the two operating systems are both RPM packages.

[0087] Alternatively, the software package format corresponding to the software included in the original operating system is a first format, and the software package format corresponding to the software included in the target operating system is a second format. For example, the software package in the original operating system is an RPM package (i.e., the first format is an RPM format), and the software package in the target operating system is a deb package (i.e., the second format is a deb format). In this way, the operating system of the electronic device 103 can be updated between the operating systems corresponding to different software package systems, so that the span and difference of the operating system can be effectively improved. Among them, when the operating system update device 104 is updating the operating system on the electronic device 103, when determining the identification of multiple software included in the target operating system, it can be specifically obtained. The mapping relationship between the identification of the software in the original operating system and the identification of the software in the target operating system, and according to the mapping relationship, the identification of the multiple software included in the target operating system is determined. In addition, when building the target operating system, the operating system update device 104 can synchronize the first configuration file of the software in the original operating system to the target operating system according to the mapping relationship, so as to use the first configuration file of the software in the original operating system to configure the software in the target operating system accordingly, so as to improve the update efficiency of the operating system, and improve the span and difference of the operating system.

[0088] Above Figure 3 In the illustrated embodiment, the operating system update device 104 constructs the target operating system as an example for illustrative description. In other possible embodiments, when creating the first file system, the operating system update device 104 can add a service for creating the target operating system in the first file system, so that the operating system update device 104 can use the service to create the target operating system. Specifically, when the electronic device 103 is restarted, the service in the first file system can refer to the process described in the above step S302, and create the target operating system according to the identifiers of the multiple software included in the target operating system. The specific implementation process of the remaining steps is similar and will not be repeated here.

[0089] It is worth noting that other reasonable step combinations that can be thought of by those skilled in the art based on the above description also fall within the scope of protection of this application. Secondly, those skilled in the art should also be familiar with the fact that the embodiments described in the specification are all preferred embodiments, and the actions involved are not necessarily required by this application.

[0090] Combination of the above Figures 1 to 6 The operating system updating method provided in the embodiment of the present application is introduced, and then the structure of the operating system updating device and the computing device provided in the embodiment of the present application are introduced in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0091] See also Figure 7, shows a schematic diagram of the structure of an operating system update device, the operating system update device 700 includes:

[0092] A determination module 701 is used to determine the identifiers of multiple software included in the target operating system;

[0093] A construction module 702 is used to construct a target operating system according to the identifiers of the multiple software, where the target operating system includes the multiple software and a first configuration file corresponding to each of the multiple software, and the target operating system is stored in a first file system on the electronic device;

[0094] The switching module 703 is used to switch the original operating system in the root directory of the second file system of the electronic device to the target operating system in the first file system, and the target operating system runs based on the second configuration file for the original operating system in the root directory.

[0095] In a possible implementation, the construction module 702 is used to:

[0096] Creating a first file system in the electronic device;

[0097] Building a second package manager corresponding to the target operating system according to the first package manager corresponding to the original operating system;

[0098] The plurality of software included in the target operating system is installed in the first file system by using the second package manager.

[0099] In a possible implementation, the format of the software package corresponding to the software included in the original operating system is a first format, and the format of the software package corresponding to the software included in the target operating system is a second format;

[0100] Then, the determination module 701 is used to:

[0101] Acquire a mapping relationship between the identifier of the software in the original operating system and the identifier of the software in the target operating system;

[0102] According to the mapping relationship, the identifiers of the multiple software included in the target operating system are determined, and the configuration files corresponding to the multiple software are matched with the configuration files corresponding to the software in the original operating system.

[0103] In a possible implementation, the determination module 701 is configured to:

[0104] Determine an identifier of a first software included in the target operating system, where the first software is software that is mapped between the target operating system and the original operating system;

[0105] Alternatively, determining an identifier of a second software included in the target operating system, where the second software is software not included in the original operating system;

[0106] Alternatively, determining an identifier of a third software included in the target operating system, where the third software is a new version of software that is not installed in the original operating system;

[0107] Alternatively, an identifier of a fourth software included in the target operating system is determined, where the fourth software is software designated to be retained by the user in the original operating system.

[0108] In a possible implementation, the plurality of software further includes fifth software or sixth software;

[0109] The fifth software is software that the first software, the second software, or the third software depends on when running;

[0110] The sixth software is software in the original operating system on which the fourth software depends when running.

[0111] In a possible implementation, the plurality of software includes the first software or the fourth software, and the operating system updating device 700 further includes:

[0112] The synchronization module 704 is used to synchronize the configuration file corresponding to the first software or the configuration file corresponding to the fourth software to the first file system.

[0113] In a possible implementation, the operating system updating device 700 further includes:

[0114] Output module 705, used to output indication information of multiple candidate operating systems;

[0115] The determination module 701 is further configured to determine a target operating system in response to a selection operation of the user on the indication information of the plurality of candidate operating systems, where the target operating system is the candidate operating system selected by the user.

[0116] In a possible implementation, the root directory also includes business data, and the target operating system runs based on the second configuration file and the business data.

[0117] because Figure 7 The operating system updating device 700 shown corresponds to the above Figure 3 The operating system updating device 104 in the embodiment shown, therefore Figure 7 For the specific implementation of the operating system update device 700 and its technical effects, see the above Figure 3 The description of the relevant parts in the illustrated embodiment will not be repeated here.

[0118] Figure 8 A hardware structure diagram of a computing device 800 provided in this application, the computing device 800 may be, for example, the above-mentioned Figure 3 The operating system updating device 104 in the illustrated embodiment, etc.

[0119] like Figure 8 As shown, the computing device 800 includes a processor 801, a memory 802, and a communication interface 803. The processor 801, the memory 802, and the communication interface 803 communicate via a bus 804, and may also communicate via other means such as wireless transmission. The memory 802 is used to store instructions, and the processor 801 is used to execute the instructions stored in the memory 802. Furthermore, the computing device 800 may also include a memory unit 805, and the memory unit 805 may be connected to the processor 801, the storage medium 802, and the communication interface 803 via a bus 804. The memory 802 stores program code, and the processor 801 may call the program code stored in the memory 802 to perform the following operations:

[0120] Determining the identities of multiple software included in the target operating system;

[0121] According to the identifiers of the plurality of software, a target operating system is constructed, the target operating system including the plurality of software and a first configuration file corresponding to each of the plurality of software, and the target operating system is stored in a first file system on the electronic device;

[0122] The original operating system in the root directory of the second file system of the electronic device is switched to the target operating system in the first file system, and the target operating system runs based on the second configuration file for the original operating system in the root directory.

[0123] It should be understood that in the embodiment of the present application, the processor 801 may be a CPU, and the processor 801 may also be other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSPs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete device components, etc. A general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or any conventional processor, etc.

[0124] The memory 802 may include a read-only memory and a random access memory, and provides instructions and data to the processor 801. The memory 802 may also include a nonvolatile random access memory.

[0125] The memory 802 may be a volatile memory or a nonvolatile memory, or may include both volatile and nonvolatile memories. Among them, the nonvolatile memory may be a read-only memory (ROM), a programmable ROM (PROM), an erasable PROM (EPROM), an electrically erasable programmable ROM (EEPROM), or a flash memory. The volatile memory may be a random access memory (RAM), which is used as an external cache. By way of example and not limitation, many forms of RAM are available, such as static RAM (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), synchronous dynamic random access memory (SDRAM), double data rate synchronous dynamic random access memory (DDR SDRAM), enhanced synchronous dynamic random access memory (ESDRAM), synchronous link DRAM (SLDRAM), and direct rambus RAM (DR RAM).

[0126] The communication interface 803 is used to communicate with other devices connected to the computing device 800. The bus 804 may include a power bus, a control bus, a status signal bus, etc. in addition to the data bus. However, for the sake of clarity, various buses are labeled as bus 804 in the figure.

[0127] It should be understood that the computing device 800 according to the embodiment of the present application may correspond to the operating system updating device 104 in the embodiment of the present application, and may correspond to the operating system updating device 104 in the embodiment of the present application. Figure 3 The method performed by the operating system update device 104 in the method shown, the above and other operations and / or functions implemented by the computing device 800 are respectively to implement Figure 3 For the sake of brevity, the process of the corresponding method in will not be repeated here.

[0128] The present application also provides a chip, the chip includes a processor and a power supply circuit, the processor is used to implement the following Figure 3 The operating steps of the method executed by the operating system updating device 104 in the method described above. The processor may be any processor such as a dedicated CPU, ASIC, PLD, CPLD, FPGA, GAL, SoC, SDI chip, AI chip, or any combination thereof.

[0129] The embodiment of the present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium. The computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium that can be stored by the computing device or a data storage device such as a data center containing one or more available media. The available medium can be a magnetic medium (e.g., a floppy disk, a hard disk, a tape), an optical medium (e.g., a DVD), or a semiconductor medium (e.g., a solid-state hard disk). The computer-readable storage medium includes instructions that instruct the computing device to execute the above-mentioned operating system update method.

[0130] The embodiment of the present application also provides a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When the computer instructions are loaded and executed on a computing device, the process or function described in the embodiment of the present application is generated in whole or in part.

[0131] The computer instructions may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another computer-readable storage medium. For example, the computer instructions may be transmitted from one website, computer or data center to another website, computer or data center via wired (e.g., coaxial cable, optical fiber, digital subscriber line (DSL)) or wireless (e.g., infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.) means.

[0132] The computer program product may be a software installation package, which may be downloaded and executed on a computing device when any of the aforementioned operating system update methods is required.

[0133] The above embodiments can be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware, firmware or any other combination. When implemented by software, the above embodiments can be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When the computer program instructions are loaded or executed on a computer, the process or function described in the embodiment of the present application is generated in whole or in part. The computer can be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable device. The computer instructions can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another computer-readable storage medium. For example, the computer instructions can be transmitted from a website site, computer, server or data center to another website site, computer, server or data center by wired (e.g., coaxial cable, optical fiber, digital subscriber line (DSL)) or wireless (e.g., infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.). The computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium that a computer can access or a data storage device such as a server or data center that contains one or more available media sets. The available medium can be a magnetic medium (e.g., a floppy disk, a hard disk, a tape), an optical medium (e.g., a DVD), or a semiconductor medium. The semiconductor medium can be a solid-state hard disk.

[0134] The above is only a specific implementation of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can easily think of various equivalent modifications or replacements within the technical scope disclosed in the present application, and these modifications or replacements should be included in the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for updating an operating system, characterized in that: The method comprises: Determining the identities of multiple software included in the target operating system; According to the identifiers of the plurality of software, construct the target operating system, the target operating system including the plurality of software and a first configuration file corresponding to each of the plurality of software, and the target operating system is stored in a first file system on the electronic device; The original operating system in the root directory of the second file system of the electronic device is switched to the target operating system in the first file system, and the target operating system runs based on a second configuration file for the original operating system in the root directory.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The step of constructing the target operating system according to the identifiers of the plurality of software includes: Creating the first file system in the electronic device; Building a second package manager corresponding to the target operating system according to the first package manager corresponding to the original operating system; The second package manager is used to install a plurality of software included in the target operating system in the first file system.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The format of the software package corresponding to the software included in the original operating system is a first format, and the format of the software package corresponding to the software included in the target operating system is a second format; The step of determining the identifiers of the plurality of software included in the target operating system includes: Acquire a mapping relationship between an identifier of software in the original operating system and an identifier of software in the target operating system; According to the mapping relationship, the identifiers of the multiple software included in the target operating system are determined, and the configuration files corresponding to the multiple software are matched with the configuration files corresponding to the software in the original operating system.

4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The step of determining the identifiers of the plurality of software included in the target operating system includes: Determine an identifier of a first software included in the target operating system, where the first software is software that is mapped between the target operating system and the original operating system; Alternatively, determining an identifier of second software included in the target operating system, where the second software is software not included in the original operating system; Alternatively, determining an identifier of a third software included in the target operating system, where the third software is a new version of software that is not installed in the original operating system; Alternatively, an identifier of a fourth software included in the target operating system is determined, where the fourth software is software in the original operating system that is designated to be retained by the user.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that The plurality of software further includes fifth software or sixth software; The fifth software is software that the first software, the second software, or the third software depends on when running; The sixth software is the software in the original operating system on which the fourth software depends when running.

6. The method according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that: The plurality of software includes the first software or the fourth software, and the method further includes: Synchronize the configuration file corresponding to the first software or the configuration file corresponding to the fourth software to the first file system.

7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The method further comprises: Outputting indication information of a plurality of candidate operating systems; In response to a selection operation of a user on the indication information of the plurality of candidate operating systems, the target operating system is determined, and the target operating system is a candidate operating system selected by the user.

8. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The root directory also includes business data, and the target operating system runs based on the second configuration file and the business data.

9. An operating system updating device, characterized in that: The device comprises: A determination module, used to determine the identifiers of multiple software included in the target operating system; A construction module, configured to construct the target operating system according to the identifiers of the plurality of software, wherein the target operating system includes the plurality of software and a first configuration file corresponding to each of the plurality of software, and the target operating system is stored in a first file system on the electronic device; The switching module is used to switch the original operating system in the root directory of the second file system of the electronic device to the target operating system in the first file system, and the target operating system runs based on the second configuration file for the original operating system in the root directory.

10. The device according to claim 9, characterized in that The building blocks are used to: Creating the first file system in the electronic device; Building a second package manager corresponding to the target operating system according to the first package manager corresponding to the original operating system; The second package manager is used to install a plurality of software included in the target operating system in the first file system.

11. The device according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that The format of the software package corresponding to the software included in the original operating system is a first format, and the format of the software package corresponding to the software included in the target operating system is a second format; The determining module is used to: Acquire a mapping relationship between an identifier of software in the original operating system and an identifier of software in the target operating system; According to the mapping relationship, the identifiers of the multiple software included in the target operating system are determined, and the configuration files corresponding to the multiple software are matched with the configuration files corresponding to the software in the original operating system.

12. The device according to any one of claims 9 to 11, characterized in that The device also includes: An output module, used for outputting indication information of a plurality of candidate operating systems; The determination module is further configured to determine the target operating system in response to a selection operation of the user on the indication information of the plurality of candidate operating systems, wherein the target operating system is the candidate operating system selected by the user.

13. The device according to any one of claims 9 to 12, characterized in that The root directory also includes business data, and the target operating system runs based on the second configuration file and the business data.

14. A computing device, characterized in that Including processor and memory; The processor is configured to execute instructions stored in the memory so as to enable the computing device to perform the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

15. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that: The method comprises instructions which, when executed on a computing device, cause the computing device to perform the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

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