Electrical device

Abstract

The present disclosure provides an electrical device capable of driving a load part by performing self-generating electricity, which converts vibration, displacement, and the like from an external force into electric power, using a structure that is simpler than in the prior art. This electrical device (100A) is provided with: an electromagnetic induction coil (12); an elastic body (20) that contains magnetized magnetic powder (22) and generates a magnetic field that passes through the electromagnetic induction coil (12), the magnetic flux density of the magnetic field being changed when the elastic body is elastically deformed by an external force; a rectifying unit (91) that rectifies an induced current induced by the electromagnetic induction coil (12) due to a change in magnetic flux density; and a load unit (92) that receives power from the rectifying unit (91) and operates.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a self-generating electrical device. Background Art

[0002] As conventional electric equipment of this type, there is known an electric equipment that generates electric power by itself using a rotating machine that is driven to rotate by an external force (for example, see Patent Document 1).

[0003] Prior art literature

[0004] Patent Literature

[0005] Patent Document 2: Japanese Patent Application No. 2012-515860 ( Figure 4 、Claim 11) Summary of the invention

[0006] Problems to be solved by the invention

[0007] However, the above-mentioned conventional electrical equipment has a complicated structure due to the presence of a rotating machine, which may cause a failure. Therefore, the present disclosure provides an electrical equipment that can self-generate electricity by converting vibration, displacement, etc. from external forces into electricity to drive a load unit using a simpler structure than before.

[0008] Solutions to Solve Problems

[0009] One solution of the present invention completed to solve the above-mentioned problems is an electrical device, wherein the electrical device comprises: an electromagnetic induction coil; an elastomer, which contains magnetized magnetic powder and generates a magnetic field that penetrates the electromagnetic induction coil, and the magnetic flux density of the magnetic field changes when the elastomer is elastically deformed by an external force; a rectifier, which rectifies the induced current induced by the electromagnetic induction coil due to the change in the magnetic flux density; and a load unit, which receives power from the rectifier to operate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0010] Figure 1 This is a circuit diagram of an electric device according to a first embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0011] Figure 2 It is a three-dimensional diagram of electrical equipment.

[0012] Figure 3 It is a side sectional view of an electrical device.

[0013] Figure 4 This is a conceptual diagram of the power generation unit.

[0014] Figure 5 (A) is a conceptual diagram showing magnetic powder in a magnetic elastomer. Figure 5(B) is a conceptual diagram of a compressed magnetic elastomer.

[0015] Figure 6 is a flow chart showing a method for producing a magnetic elastomer.

[0016] Figure 7 (A) is a conceptual diagram showing the magnetization intensity of the magnetic elastomer before compression deformation. Figure 7 (B) is a conceptual diagram showing the magnetization intensity and induced current of the magnetic elastomer during compression deformation.

[0017] Figure 8 (A) is a conceptual diagram showing the magnetic field intensity of the magnetic elastic body before compression deformation and the magnetization intensity of the magnetic elastic body, Figure 8 (B) is a conceptual diagram showing an induced magnetic field and an induced current generated in a coil and a circuit when a magnetic elastic body is compressed.

[0018] Fig. 9 (A) is a conceptual diagram showing the magnetic field intensity of the magnetic elastic body before compression deformation and the magnetization intensity of the magnetic elastic body, Fig. 9 (B) is a conceptual diagram showing the induced magnetic field and induced current generated in two coils and a circuit when the magnetic elastic body is compressed.

[0019] Fig.10 This is a circuit diagram of an electric device according to a second embodiment.

[0020] Fig.11 (A) is a conceptual diagram of an electric device according to a third embodiment. Fig.11 (B) is a partially cut-away side view showing the electrical device mounted on the suspension.

[0021] Fig.12 This is a conceptual diagram of an electric device according to a fourth embodiment.

[0022] Fig.13 It is a side sectional view of a floor structure including electric equipment according to a fifth embodiment.

[0023] Fig.14 It is a perspective view of an electric device according to a sixth embodiment.

[0024] Fig.15 It is a perspective view of an electric device according to a seventh embodiment.

[0025] Fig.16 (A) is a side sectional view of an electric device according to an eighth embodiment, Fig.16 (B) is a side sectional view of a bent and deformed electrical device.

[0026] Fig.17 It is a perspective view of an electric device according to a ninth embodiment.

[0027] Fig.18 This is a conceptual diagram of the test device.

[0028] Fig.19 This is a table showing the details and characteristics of the magnetic elastomer in each experimental example. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] [First embodiment]

[0030] Reference Figure 1 to Figure 9 An electric device 100A according to an embodiment of the present disclosure will be described. Figure 1 As shown, the electric device 100A of the present embodiment includes a power generation unit 10 , a rectifying unit 91 , and a load unit 92 .

[0031] The load unit 92 includes, for example, a wireless module 92A. The wireless module 92A is formed by, for example, deforming an RFID tag, and the RFID tag receives power in a wireless manner, and modulates the identification number into a carrier of short-range wireless communication and transmits it wirelessly each time the power is received. The wireless module 92A receives power from the power generation unit 10 via the rectifier unit 91 in a wired manner, and modulates the identification number into a carrier of a prescribed wireless communication and transmits it each time the power is received. Examples of the prescribed wireless communication include long-range wireless communication, Wi-Fi, infrared communication, short-range wireless communication, and the like.

[0032] It should be noted that the wireless module 92A can also modulate information other than the identification number into a carrier and transmit it wirelessly, or it can also not modulate the information into a carrier and only transmit a radio wave of a specific frequency that does not contain information, so that the fact of transmitting the radio wave itself becomes information from the electrical device 100A.

[0033] The rectifier 91 is, for example, a known voltage doubling rectifier circuit, and has an electromagnetic induction coil 12 of the power generation unit 10 described later connected to its input side, and the wireless module 92A described above connected to its output side. The induced current induced by the electromagnetic induction coil 12 is rectified by the rectifier 91 and given to the wireless module 92A.

[0034] It should be noted that in Figure 1 The rectifier section 91 shown in the figure shows a triple voltage rectifier circuit, but an n-times voltage rectifier circuit corresponding to a desired voltage may be used. In the second embodiment, a double voltage rectifier circuit is shown as an example.

[0035] The power generation unit 10 includes an electromagnetic induction coil 12, an elastic body 20 disposed inside the electromagnetic induction coil 12, and a telescopic housing 30 that accommodates the electromagnetic induction coil 12 and the elastic body 20. Figure 2 as well as Figure 3As shown, the telescopic housing 30 is a structure in which a cylindrical body 31 having a bottom at one end and an open end and a cylindrical body 32 having a bottom at one end and an open end and an outer diameter larger than that of the body 31 are fitted in such a way that the open ends face each other. In addition, the axial lengths of the two bodies 31 and 32 are approximately the same, and folding parts 31A and 32A that engage with each other to prevent separation are provided at the open ends of the two bodies 31 and 32. Furthermore, the telescopic housing 30 changes into a longest state in which the folding parts 31A and 32A engage with each other and a shortest state in which the open end of the body 31 on one side abuts against the bottom of the body 32 on the other side. It should be noted that the telescopic housing 30 in the shortest state becomes, for example, approximately 1 / 2 of the axial length of the telescopic housing 30 in the longest state.

[0036] A circuit housing 33 that accommodates the above-mentioned rectifying section 91 and load section 92 is fixed to the outer surface of the cylinder 31. In addition, a plurality of protrusions 31B extending laterally from a plurality of positions in the circumferential direction are provided at the bottom wall side end of one side of the cylinder 31, and a mounting hole 31C is formed in each of the above-mentioned protrusions 31B. In addition, an adjustment mechanism 35 is provided at the front end of the other side of the cylinder 32, for example. The adjustment mechanism 35 includes: a support cylinder 35A that protrudes from the center of the outer surface of the bottom wall of the cylinder 32 and has an internal thread portion 35B on the inner surface, a shaft portion 35D that has an external thread portion 35C that is screwed with the internal thread portion 35B on the outer surface, and a contact plate 35E that is rotatably mounted on the front end of the shaft portion 35D.

[0037] It should be noted that the telescopic housing 30 of the present embodiment is a non-magnetic body such as resin or stainless steel, but the telescopic housing 30 and the spacer 34 described later may be formed by a magnetic body such as iron, and the telescopic housing 30 forms a magnetic circuit together with the elastic body 20 described later. In addition, the cylinders 31 and 32 of the present embodiment are connected via the elastic body 20 described later and are connected so as not to rotate relative to each other, but a longitudinal engagement groove may be provided on one side of the cylinders 31 and 32 and a protrusion engaged with the engagement groove may be provided on the other side, thereby limiting the relative rotation of the cylinders 31 and 32.

[0038] like Figure 3 As shown, the electromagnetic induction coil 12 is formed into a cylindrical shape with an outer diameter and an axial length that can be just accommodated inside the cylinder 31 on one side, and is fixed in the cylinder 31. In addition, a pair of lead wires 12A of the electromagnetic induction coil 12 are led out to the side of the cylinder 31 through a through hole 31D that penetrates the side wall of the cylinder 31 close to the bottom wall. And, this pair of lead wires 12A is introduced into the circuit housing 33 and connected to the rectifier part 91. And, the pair of lead wires 12A bends along with the extension and contraction of the telescopic housing 30. It should be noted that a notch 32B (see Figure 2 ).

[0039] The elastomer 20 is formed into a cylindrical shape that is fitted into the inner side of the electromagnetic induction coil 12 with a gap therebetween, and is arranged on the concentric axis of the telescopic shell 30, with both end faces fixed to the bottom faces of the cylinders 31 and 32 by, for example, adhesive materials. In addition, between one end face of the elastomer 20 and the bottom face of the cylinder 32, a cylindrical spacer 34 having the same outer diameter as the elastomer 20 is arranged as needed to adjust the compression rate of the elastomer 20. Specifically, when the spacer 34 is not provided, the telescopic shell 30 changes from the longest state to the shortest state, so that the elastomer 20 in the telescopic shell 30 is compressed to 1 / 2 in the same manner as the telescopic shell 30. In contrast, when the above-mentioned spacer 34 is provided, the compression rate of the elastomer 20 can be increased to any compression rate greater than 1 / 2. It should be noted that in Figure 3 FIG. 5 illustrates a structure in which the elastic body 20 including the spacer 34 is compressed to 1 / 3.

[0040] The elastic body 20 is slightly compressed between the bottom surfaces of the cylinders 31 and 32 when the telescopic housing 30 is in its longest state. This can suppress the rattling between the cylinders 31 and 32 when the telescopic housing 30 is not subjected to external force.

[0041] It should be noted that the elastomer 20 is fixed to the cylinders 31 and 32 by adhesive material, but it is not necessary to fix it. In addition, it is also possible to provide concave and convex parts that fit together on the bottom surfaces of the cylinders 31 and 32 and the two end surfaces of the elastomer 20 for centering the elastomer 20 relative to the telescopic housing 30.

[0042] The elastomer 20 is, for example, a foamed elastomer, and magnetized magnetic powder 22 is dispersed inside. That is, the elastomer 20 is a so-called "magnetic elastomer". In the following description, in order to clearly distinguish between the elastomer monomer that is the main body mixed with the magnetic powder 22 in the elastomer 20 and the elastomer 20 containing the elastomer and the magnetic powder 22, the "elastomer 20" containing the elastomer and the magnetic powder 22 is referred to as the "magnetic elastomer 20" as a whole, and the elastomer monomer is referred to as the foamed elastomer 21 because it is a foamed elastomer, so as to clearly distinguish between the two.

[0043] The foamed elastic body 21 is a foamed body of a polyurethane elastomer, and has a continuous cell structure or a semi-continuous cell structure. In addition, the foaming ratio of the foamed elastic body 21 is 1.4 to 6 times. It should be noted that the foamed elastic body 21 may also be a foamed body of a rubber, a foamed body of a thermoplastic resin such as a polyolefin resin, etc. In addition, for the foamed elastic body 21, it is preferred that the entirety of the foamed elastic body 21 is a continuous cell structure or a semi-continuous cell structure from the perspective of formability and ease of elastic deformation, but it may also be a continuous cell structure or a semi-continuous cell structure in part. In addition, the foamed elastic body 21 is provided with a continuous cell structure at least partially, thereby being able to suppress the shrinkage (so-called shrink) of the foamed elastic body 21 after forming. In addition, the foaming ratio of the foamed elastic body 21 of the present embodiment is 1.4 to 6 times as described above, but is more preferably 1.7 to 5 times, and further preferably 2 to 4 times. Here, since the foaming ratio of the foamed elastic body 21 is 1.4 times or more, the cushioning property is particularly good, and since the foaming ratio is 6 times or less, the moldability and durability are particularly good. In addition, the above-mentioned foaming ratio does not represent the foaming ratio of the foamed elastic body 21 containing the magnetic powder 22, but represents the foaming ratio of the foamed elastic body 21 alone.

[0044] The magnetic powder 22 is a neodymium magnetic powder, and the particle size of the magnetic powder 22 is 3 to 200 μm. It should be noted that the magnetic powder 22 is particularly preferably composed of a neodymium magnetic powder having a strong magnetic force when permanently magnetized, but is not limited to the neodymium magnetic powder, and may also be a well-known hard magnetic material such as a samarium magnetic powder, an aluminum nickel cobalt magnetic powder, and a ferrite magnetic powder. The shape of the particles 23 of the magnetic powder 22 is not limited, and as specific examples, scaly, spherical, and needle-shaped shapes can be listed. In addition, the particle size of the magnetic powder 22 of the present embodiment is 3 to 200 μm as described above, but is more preferably 5 to 100 μm. By increasing the particle size of the magnetic powder 22, the surface magnetic flux density of the magnetic elastomer 20 can be increased. In the case where the magnetic powder 22 is obtained by surface-treating magnet particles, by increasing the particle size of the magnetic powder 22, the proportion of the magnetic component in the magnetic powder 22 can be increased, thereby further improving the surface magnetic flux density of the magnetic elastomer 20. In addition, from the viewpoint of the moldability and easy deformation of the magnetic elastomer 20, the particle size of the magnetic powder 22 is preferably 200 μm or less. In addition, since the particle size of the magnetic powder 22 is 200 μm or less, the moldability is particularly good, and the magnetic powder 22 can be further prevented from falling off from the foamed elastomer 21. In addition, if the particle size of the magnetic powder 22 is less than 3 μm, the workability deteriorates, so the particle size of the magnetic powder 22 is preferably 3 μm or more. It should be noted that the above-mentioned particle size is measured by a sieving test based on JIS Z 8815:1994.

[0045] In the magnetic elastomer 20 of the present embodiment, the mass concentration (mass ratio) of the magnetic powder 22 relative to the foamed elastomer 21 is 40 to 80%, and the volume concentration (volume ratio) of the magnetic powder 22 relative to the foamed elastomer 21 is 1.0 to 3.5%. As a result, the magnetic elastomer 20 can be easily elastically deformed, and the change in the magnetic flux density of the magnetic elastomer 20 can be increased. It should be noted that the magnetic elastomer 20 preferably has a compression permanent strain of 30% or less according to JIS K 6262:2013 A method. In addition, the magnetic elastomer 20 preferably has a repeated compression strain of 20% or less when 50% compression is repeatedly performed 100,000 times at 1 Hz. According to these structures, the recovery of the foamed elastomer 21 after elastic deformation is good. As a result, even if the magnetic elastomer 20 is used in an application where it is repeatedly compressed, the collapse of the foamed elastomer 211 can be reduced, so that the magnetic elastomer 20 is more suitable for repeated use.

[0046] like Figure 5 As shown, the particles 23 of the magnetic powder 22 in the foamed elastic body 21 are magnetized in such a manner that their respective magnetic moments (more specifically, the combined magnetic moments in the particles 23) are along the axial direction of the cylindrical magnetic elastic body 20, thereby Figure 4 As shown, one end of the magnetic elastomer 20 in the axial direction becomes the N pole, and the other end becomes the S pole. Specifically, the particles 23 of the magnetic powder 22 may contain particles whose magnetic moment direction intersects with the axial direction of the magnetic elastomer 20, but the direction of the synthetic magnetic moment obtained by synthesizing the magnetic moments of the particles 23 of the magnetic powder 22 becomes the axial direction of the magnetic elastomer 2. It should be noted that Figure 5 (A) and the following Figure 5 In (B), the magnetization direction of the particles 23 of the magnetic powder 22 is schematically indicated by arrows.

[0047] The above is a description of the structure of the electric device 100A. The electric device 100A is manufactured by the following method. Figure 6 To manufacture the magnetic elastomer 20 as shown, first, prepare a first liquid obtained by mixing and prepolymerizing a polyol and an isocyanate. Here, the first liquid is a prepolymer having an isocyanate group (NCO) at the end. Then, the magnetic powder 22 is mixed with the first liquid and uniformly dispersed (S11). In addition, a second liquid containing a catalyst, a foaming agent, etc. is prepared (S11). Then, the first liquid and the second liquid are mixed to obtain a mixed liquid thereof (S12). Here, the NCO% of the prepolymer having an isocyanate group at the end is preferably set to 3 to 7%, and in the present embodiment, it is set to 6%. Thus, a magnetic elastomer 20 having excellent formability and durability can be obtained.

[0048] Next, the mixed solution is injected into a molding die that has been temperature-regulated in advance, and foamed and cured to form, for example, a cylindrical foamed molded body (S13). In the foamed molded body, the magnetic powder 22 is dispersed in the foamed elastic body 21. In addition, in the foamed molded body, the magnetic moment of each particle 23 of the magnetic powder 22 is oriented in a random direction. It should be noted that in the foaming and curing process in the molding die of the mixed solution, after curing for a predetermined time (primary curing (cure)) in a closed mold state, the obtained foamed molded body is taken out from the molding die. The primary curing is performed, for example, at 60 to 120° C. for 10 to 120 minutes. For the foamed molded body that has been cured once and removed from the molding die, it is preferred to further perform a secondary curing, and the secondary curing is performed, for example, at 90 to 180° C. for 8 to 24 hours. In the present embodiment, since the elastic member in which the magnetic powder 22 is dispersed and configured is a polyurethane elastomer, the time until the raw material is cured is short, and the raw material can be cured before the magnetic powder 22 is precipitated in the raw material. This makes it easy to evenly disperse the magnetic powder 22. Therefore, even if the magnetic powder 22 has a particle size of 100 μm or more, it can be easily dispersed in the magnetic elastic body 20, and the magnetic flux density of the magnetic elastic body 20 can be increased.

[0049] In this embodiment, the magnetic powder 22 is mixed with the first liquid and then with the second liquid. Therefore, compared with the case where the magnetic powder 22 is mixed with the second liquid and then with the first liquid, the magnetic powder 22 can be evenly dispersed in the foamed elastic body 21.

[0050] Next, the foamed molded body is magnetized (S14). In this process, the magnetic moments of the particles 23 of the magnetic powder 22 in the foamed molded body are made consistent by applying an external magnetic field. In this embodiment, the external magnetic field is applied along the axial direction of the cylindrical foamed elastic body 21. Here, the magnetization can be performed in a natural length state where the foamed molded body is not deformed, or in a state where the foamed molded body is compressed in the axial direction relative to the natural length state (for example, a 50% compression state where the foamed molded body is compressed by 50%). As above, a magnetic elastic body 20 is obtained from the foamed molded body.

[0051] In addition, it is particularly preferred that the magnetic elastomer 20 has a magnetic flux density (surface magnetic flux density) that is 5% or more greater than that in the natural length state when the magnetic elastomer 20 is compressed by 10% in the axial direction. Such a magnetic elastomer 20 can be produced, for example, by magnetizing the magnetic powder 22 in the compression direction of the foamed elastomer 21 in which the magnetic powder 22 is dispersed, while the foamed elastomer 21 is compressed (for example, in a state of 50% compression).

[0052] The magnetic elastic body 20 manufactured as described above is assembled to the telescopic housing 30 as follows. That is, the cylinders 31 and 32 of the telescopic housing 30 are prepared in a separated state. Then, the electromagnetic induction coil 12 is fixed to one cylinder 31 in a state where a pair of lead wires 12A of the electromagnetic induction coil 12 are led out from the through hole 31D, and the magnetic elastic body 20 with adhesive applied to both end surfaces is arranged inside the electromagnetic induction coil 12 and fixed to both bottom surfaces of the cylinders 31 and 32. At this time, the spacer 34 is fixed between one end surface of the magnetic elastic body 20 and the bottom surface of the cylinder 32 by using an adhesive material as needed. Then, the cylinder 31 on one side is deformed in a manner to narrow the opening end and is pressed into the inner side of the cylinder 32 on the other side, and the cylinder 31 on one side is elastically restored, so that the folded parts 31A and 32A of the two cylinders 31 and 32 are engaged.

[0053] Next, the pair of lead wires 12A of the electromagnetic induction coil 12 is connected to the rectifier 91, and the rectifier 91 is connected to the load 92, and the rectifier 91 and the load 92 are housed in the circuit case 33. The manufacture of the electric device 100A is completed as described above.

[0054] The above is a description of the method for manufacturing the electric device 100A according to the present embodiment. Next, the effects of the electric device 100A will be described. Figure 3As shown, the electrical device 100A is disposed in a gap between a pair of opposing members 201, 202 whose interval can vary, and is used to detect deformation, movement, etc. of the pair of opposing members 201, 202. To this end, the electrical device 100A is configured so that the axial direction of the telescopic housing 30 (also the axial direction of the electromagnetic induction coil 12 and the magnetic elastic body 20) is oriented toward the opposing direction of the pair of opposing members 201, 202. And, for example, when the interval between the pair of opposing members 201, 202 is in a normal state, the adjustment mechanism 35 is adjusted so that the telescopic housing 30 is in a desired state. Specifically, when detecting two situations in which the pair of opposing members 201, 202 are separated from each other and in which they are close to each other than in the normal state, the adjustment mechanism 35 is adjusted so that the telescopic housing 30 is in a compressed state of approximately 1 / 2 of the longest state. In addition, when it is desired to detect only the situation that the pair of opposing members 201 and 202 are closer than the normal state, the adjustment mechanism 35 is adjusted so that the telescopic housing 30 is slightly compressed between the pair of opposing members 201 and 202 in the normal state, or the contact plate 35E of the adjustment mechanism 35 is slightly separated from one of the opposing members 202. In addition, in order to prevent the electric device 100A from being laterally offset from the pair of opposing members 201 and 202, it is preferred that the telescopic housing 30 is fixed to the one of the magnetic elastic body 201 by tightening a bolt passing through the mounting hole 31C of the telescopic housing 30 to a threaded hole of the one of the magnetic elastic body 201 as needed.

[0055] As described above, when the distance between the pair of opposing members 201 and 202 changes while the electric device 100A is disposed between them, the magnetic elastic body 20 expands and contracts in the axial direction together with the telescopic housing 30. As a result, the density of the magnetic flux that penetrates the electromagnetic induction coil 12 among the magnetic fluxes of the magnetic field generated by the magnetic elastic body 20 changes, and an induced current I is generated. That is, power generation is performed in the power generation unit 10.

[0056] The mechanism of this power generation is considered to be as follows. That is, if the magnetic flux density in the magnetic elastic body 20 is set to Bz, the external magnetic field intensity is set to Hz, the magnetization intensity of the magnetic elastic body 20 is set to Mz, and the magnetic permeability of vacuum is set to μ0 in the axial direction of the electromagnetic induction coil 12, the following relationship is known.

[0057] Bz=μ0·Hz+Mz …(A)

[0058] Regarding the magnetization Mz, if the average value of the magnetic moments of the particles 23 of the magnetic powder 22 in the axial direction of the electromagnetic induction coil 12 is mz and the number of the particles 23 of the magnetic powder 22 per unit volume of the magnetic elastomer 20 is n, the following relationship is known to hold.

[0059] Mz=n·mz …(B)

[0060] Here, the magnetic elastic body 20 is formed by mixing the magnetic powder 22 in the foamed elastic body 21, so when it is compressed in the axial direction, the bubbles of the foamed elastic body 21 are crushed, and when it is stretched, the bubbles expand, and the magnetic elastic body 20 expands and contracts while suppressing the change in the radial dimension. Figure 5 When the magnetic elastomer 20 is stretched, the distribution density of the particles 23 of the magnetic powder 22 increases (that is, n in the relational expression (B) increases), and the magnetization Mz increases. When the magnetic elastomer 20 is stretched, the magnetization Mz decreases.

[0061] In particular, when the magnetic elastomer 20 is magnetized in a compressed state contracted relative to its natural length state, when the magnetic elastomer 20 is compressed in the axial direction of the electromagnetic induction coil 12, the direction of the magnetic moment of the particles 23 of the magnetic powder 22 is consistent with the axial direction of the electromagnetic induction coil 12 compared to the natural length state, so it is considered that the average value mz of the magnetic moment becomes larger.

[0062] In addition to the effect brought about by the change in the distribution density of the magnetic powder 22 mentioned above, it is also believed that the change in the magnetization intensity Mz is further increased due to the increase or decrease in the average value mz of the magnetic moment. In detail, it is believed that when the magnetic elastomer 20 is compressed, the magnetization intensity Mz becomes particularly large when it is close to the compression amount when it is magnetized (that is, the compression amount in which the direction of the magnetic moment mz of the magnetic powder 22 becomes the most consistent with the axial direction of the magnetic elastomer 20). When the magnetization intensity Mz increases, according to the above-mentioned relationship (A), the magnetic flux density Bz in the magnetic elastomer 20 increases, and therefore the magnetic flux passing through the electromagnetic induction coil 12 increases. When the magnetic elastomer 20 is stretched, it becomes the opposite phenomenon to the compressed case. In addition, it is believed that the induced current I flows in the electromagnetic induction coil 12 to offset the direction of the change in the above-mentioned magnetic flux (in Figure 7 It should be noted that in Figure 7 as well as Figure 8 In the figure, the induced current I and the magnetic field H' generated by the induced current I are represented by grey arrows.

[0063] exist Figure 8 (A) and Figure 8 (B) shows an example of a case where the size of the portion of the magnetic elastic body 20 disposed in the electromagnetic induction coil 12 changes due to the deformation of the magnetic elastic body 20. In this case, as described below, it is considered that the magnetic flux penetrating the electromagnetic induction coil 12 also changes due to a reason different from the change in the magnetization intensity of the magnetic elastic body 20.

[0064] exist Figure 8 (A) and Figure 8 In the example of (B), the magnetic elastic body 20 is compressed in the axial direction of the electromagnetic induction coil 12. In this case, a region within the electromagnetic induction coil 12 is provided before the magnetic elastic body 20 is deformed ( Figure 8 (A)) there is a magnetic elastic body 20 and after deformation ( Figure 8 (B)) is a region R where the magnetic elastomer 20 does not exist. In this region R, the magnetic flux changes before and after the magnetic elastomer 20 is deformed, so it is considered that a magnetic field H" is generated in the region R in a manner that offsets the change in the magnetic flux. This magnetic field H" can be in the opposite direction to the magnetic field H' caused by the change in the distribution density of the particles 23 of the magnetic powder 22 in the above-mentioned magnetic elastomer 20, but these magnetic fields are not always the same size in the process of deforming the magnetic elastomer 20, so it is considered that they can cause a change in the magnetic flux passing through the electromagnetic induction coil 12 and cause the electromagnetic induction coil 12 to generate an induced current I. It should be noted that, in the case where magnetic fields H' and magnetic field H" are generated in opposite directions to each other, as shown in FIG. Fig. 9 As shown, an electromagnetic induction coil 12V can be configured to surround the region R. In this way, by generating an induced current due to the magnetic field H' and an induced current due to the magnetic field H" in different circuits, it is possible to prevent these induced currents from canceling each other out. It should be noted that the case where the magnetic elastomer 20 is stretched is the same as the case where the magnetic elastomer 20 is compressed.

[0065] As described above, the induced current I generated in the power generation unit 10 is rectified in the rectifier unit 91 and the load unit 92 receives power. In this way, a wireless signal including information of the identification number is output from the wireless module 92A of the load unit 92. As a result, the wireless signal from the electrical device 100A can be received by a wireless terminal at a location far from the electrical device 100A, thereby monitoring the load and behavior received by the pair of opposing members 201 and 202.

[0066] It should be noted that by installing multiple electrical devices 100A of this embodiment in the gap between the bridge girder and the bridge body of an elevated bridge, the gap under the floor of a building with a vibration-proof structure, the gap under the road surface, etc., and pre-storing the installation location of each of the above-mentioned electrical devices 100A in correspondence with the identification number, and using a monitoring terminal to monitor the wireless signals from the multiple electrical devices 100A, it is possible to monitor the behavior of elevated bridges and buildings due to typhoons, earthquakes, etc., the presence or absence of abnormalities, etc.

[0067] As described above, the electrical device 100A of this embodiment changes the magnetic flux density of the magnetic field penetrating the electromagnetic induction coil 12 by deformation of the magnetic elastic body 20, thereby performing self-generation based on electromagnetic induction. Therefore, compared with the existing electrical device that uses a rotating machine to generate electricity, the structure involved in power generation can be simplified.

[0068] In addition, the magnetic elastomer 20 is a foamed elastomer, so it can be expanded and contracted with a large stroke compared to the case where the magnetic elastomer is formed using an elastomer such as a general resin or metal including a non-foamed elastomer. In addition, the magnetic elastomer 20 can change the magnetic flux density by deformation in a large stroke to generate electricity, so compared with an elastomer that can only change the magnetic flux density in a short stroke, the amount of power generated per stroke can be increased. In addition, if the same amount of power generation as an elastomer that can only change the magnetic flux density in a short stroke is obtained, power generation with the direction of the magnetic flux reversed can be performed over a long period. That is, in the power generation unit 10 of the electrical device 100A of this embodiment, low-frequency AC power generation can be achieved, thereby easily achieving impedance matching between the power generation unit 10 and the rectifier unit 91, the load unit 92, etc. connected to the power generation unit 10. Furthermore, the magnetic elastomer 20 can suppress the change in radial dimension accompanying expansion and contraction as described above, thereby suppressing interference with the electromagnetic induction coil 12, thereby narrowing the gap between the magnetic elastomer 20 and the electromagnetic induction coil 12 outside it and improving the power generation efficiency. In addition, since the magnetic elastomer 20 is a foamed elastomer, it is not easy to be damaged and is easy to handle.

[0069] [Second embodiment]

[0070] The electrical device 100B of this embodiment is as follows Fig.10 As shown, the structures of the rectifier 91V and the load part 92V are different from those of the first embodiment. That is, the rectifier 91V becomes a 2-fold voltage rectifier circuit, and a secondary battery 91A is connected between a pair of output terminals of the rectifier 91V. In addition, a detection circuit 92B and a wireless circuit 92C are provided in the load part 92V, and a current detection part 92D for detecting the induced current flowing in the electromagnetic induction coil 12 is connected to the load part 92V. In addition, the detection circuit 92B includes an A / D converter and a microcomputer. In addition, detection data for determining the external force applied to the electrical device 100B is generated based on the induced current generated in the electromagnetic induction coil 12, and the detection data is wirelessly transmitted using the wireless circuit 92C. It should be noted that as detection data, various data such as FFT data of the induced current, spectrum data, and data of peak values ​​contained in the waveform of the induced current can be listed.

[0071] In the electric device 100B of the present embodiment, detection data for determining the external force is generated based on the induced current generated in the power generation unit 10 and then wirelessly transmitted, so data collection based on wireless transmission that is not easily affected by noise can be performed at a remote location away from the electric device 100B. In addition, since the secondary battery 91A is provided, the power supply to the load unit 92V is stable.

[0072] [Third embodiment]

[0073] The electric device 100C according to the third embodiment of the present disclosure is as follows Fig.11 As shown, it is mounted on a vehicle 60 and is used to charge a battery 51 of the vehicle 60. Hereinafter, only the configurations different from the first and second embodiments will be described.

[0074] The power generation unit 10 of the electric device 100C of the present embodiment is assembled to the suspension 61 of the vehicle 60. Fig.11 As shown in (B), the suspension 61 of the vehicle 60 includes a shock absorber 62 and a suspension spring 63. The suspension spring 63 is sandwiched between a flange portion 65T extending outward from a cylinder 65 of the shock absorber 62 and a vehicle body 60B. In addition, the magnetic elastic body 20V included in the power generation unit 10 of the electric device 100C is formed into a cylindrical shape and is fitted into the piston rod 64 of the shock absorber 62, thereby functioning as a bounce stopper. That is, the magnetic elastic body 20V is compressed between the cylinder 65 and the vehicle body 60B when the shock absorber 62 contracts, thereby playing a role in suppressing the bounce of the vehicle 60.

[0075] The electromagnetic induction coil 12 of the power generation unit 10 of the electric device 100C is arranged to surround the magnetic elastic body 20V inside the suspension spring 63, and the upper end is fixed to the vehicle body 60B. Then, the electromagnetic induction coil 12 generates electricity by causing an induced current to flow due to the expansion and contraction of the magnetic elastic body 20V.

[0076] The rectifier 91W of the electric device 100C boosts the power generated by the generator 10 to a voltage required for charging the battery 51. The output of the generator 10 is applied to the battery 51 corresponding to the load of the electric device 100C through the rectifier 91W, thereby charging the battery 51.

[0077] It should be noted that in the above embodiment, an automobile is exemplified as the vehicle 60, but the present invention can be applied to vehicle suspensions of, for example, two-wheeled vehicles, electric vehicles, etc. In addition, examples of automobiles include electric vehicles such as electric vehicles, hybrid vehicles, and plug-in hybrid vehicles.

[0078] [Fourth embodiment]

[0079] The electric device 100D according to the fourth embodiment is as follows Fig.12 As shown, the electric device 100C of the third embodiment has the same power generation unit 10 as the electric device 100C of the third embodiment, and has the same rectifier unit 91V as the electric device 100B of the second embodiment, and has a detection circuit 92B as a load unit. In addition, the detection data generated in the detection circuit 92B is given to the control device 86 of the vehicle 60. The control device 86 distinguishes whether there is an abnormality such as overloading of the vehicle 60 or failure of the suspension 61 based on the given detection data, and lights the warning lamp 85 to notify the driver of the abnormality when there is an abnormality.

[0080] It should be noted that in the above embodiment, the electrical device 100D is installed in the vehicle 60 and an abnormality related to the vehicle 60 is detected, but a structure in which the electrical device 100D is installed in a tank or piping in a factory facility and an abnormality of the tank or piping is detected may also be adopted.

[0081] [Fifth Embodiment]

[0082] like Fig.13 (A) and Fig.13 As shown in (B), the electrical device 100E of this embodiment is assembled in the floor structure 71 of a building or a vehicle. Specifically, the floor structure 71 is a structure in which a floor panel 73 is laid on a base 72, and a plurality of buffers 78 are laid between the base 72 and the floor panel 73. When a load is applied to the floor panel 73, the buffer 78 is elastically deformed. Furthermore, one or a part of the plurality of buffers 78 is a magnetic elastic body 20W, and an electromagnetic induction coil 12 is provided in a manner of surrounding the magnetic elastic body 20W. In addition, the electrical device 100E is provided with a rectifier unit and a wireless module similar to those in the first embodiment in a manner of being housed in a circuit housing 33.

[0083] [Sixth embodiment]

[0084] The electric device 100F of this embodiment is as follows Fig.14As shown, the magnetic elastic body 20 is subjected to an external force and is twisted and deformed. Specifically, the electrical device 100F is configured such that the adjustment mechanism 35 is removed from the cylinder 32 of one side of the telescopic housing 30 of the electrical device 100A of the first embodiment, and the magnetic elastic body 20 and the electromagnetic induction coil 12 of the same shape as the magnetic elastic body 20 and the electromagnetic induction coil 12 of the electrical device 100A of the first embodiment are provided in a torsion housing 30V having a plurality of protrusions 31B identical to the other cylinder 32. And the torsion housing 30V is installed in the middle of a pair of members that rotate relatively and an axis that receives a load torque. Thus, by receiving an external force as a load torque, the pair of cylinders 31 and 32 rotate relatively, and the magnetic elastic body 20 is twisted. In addition, the magnetic elastic body 20 is arranged in a magnetic field toward the axial direction of the magnetic elastic body 20, for example, in a state of torsion deformation, and the magnetic powder 22 is magnetized. The other structures are the same as those of the electrical device 100A of the first embodiment.

[0085] In the electric device 100F, when the magnetic elastic body 20 is twisted and deformed in one direction, the direction of the magnetic moment of the magnetic powder 22 is consistent with the direction penetrating the electromagnetic induction coil 12, and when it is twisted and deformed in the other direction, the direction of the magnetic moment of the magnetic powder 22 is consistent with or deviates from the direction penetrating the electromagnetic induction coil 12. As a result, the density of the magnetic flux penetrating the electromagnetic induction coil 12 changes with the twisting deformation of the magnetic elastic body 20, so that the power generation unit 10 generates electricity, and the wireless module 92A of the load unit 92 receives the electricity and transmits a wireless signal.

[0086] [Seventh embodiment]

[0087] The electrical device 100G of this embodiment is as follows Fig.15 As shown, a torsion housing 30W is provided in which a screw mechanism is added to the torsion housing 30V of the electric device 100F of the sixth embodiment. Specifically, an engaging portion 31M having a groove structure or a protrusion structure extending in a spiral shape is provided on the outer surface of the cylinder 31 of one side of the torsion housing 30W, and an engaging portion (not shown) screwed with the engaging portion 31M is provided on the inner surface of the cylinder 32 of the other side. As a result, when the cylinders 31 and 32 of the torsion housing 30W rotate relative to each other, the magnetic elastic body 20 is torsionally deformed and telescopically deformed. As a result, an induced current is induced in the electromagnetic induction coil 12.

[0088] [Eighth Embodiment]

[0089] The electric device 100H of this embodiment is as follows Fig.16 As shown. Fig.16As shown in (A) of FIG. 1 , the power generation unit 10 of the electric device 100H includes a cylindrical magnetic elastic body 20 fitted exactly to the shaft 203 to be detected for bending deformation, and an electromagnetic induction coil 12 fitted to the outside of the magnetic elastic body 20. Fig.16 As shown in (B), the magnetic elastic body 20 and the electromagnetic induction coil 12 are bent and deformed together with the shaft 203. In addition, the electric device 100H includes the same rectifier 91 and wireless module 92A as the electric device 100A of the first embodiment, for example, in a manner accommodated in the circuit case 33. And, since the magnetic elastic body 20 is bent and deformed along with the bending and deformation of the shaft 203, the magnetic flux density penetrating the electromagnetic induction coil 12 changes, so that power is generated in the power generation section 10, and the wireless module 92A of the load section 92 receives the power and transmits a wireless signal.

[0090] [Ninth embodiment]

[0091] The electrical device 100I of this embodiment is as follows Fig.17 As shown in (A), it is composed of a pair of circular plates 39 with non-magnetic bodies in an opposed state, and a plurality of magnetic elastic bodies 20 are connected in parallel between the pair of circular plates 39. Specifically, the plurality of magnetic elastic bodies 20 are formed in a cylindrical shape, for example, and the central axis of each magnetic body 20 is arranged at a position that divides a hollow circle concentric with the central axis of the pair of circular plates 39 into multiple equal parts at a portion closer to the inner side than the outer edge of the pair of circular plates 39, and each magnetic elastic body 20 is fixed to the pair of circular plates 39 via an adhesive material applied to both end surfaces of each magnetic elastic body 20. It should be noted that a plurality of mounting holes 39A are formed in the outer edge of the pair of circular plates 39.

[0092] In addition, electromagnetic induction coils 12 are respectively fitted on the outside of each magnetic elastic body 20. Furthermore, the rectifier 91 and the wireless module 92A described in the first embodiment are provided in plurality corresponding to the plurality of electromagnetic induction coils 12 and are accommodated in the circuit case 33. Furthermore, whenever an abnormal induced current of a predetermined magnitude flows through each electromagnetic induction coil 12, a wireless signal including information of a unique identification number is transmitted from the wireless module 92A corresponding to each electromagnetic induction coil 12.

[0093] The electrical device 100I of this embodiment is used by fixing a pair of circular plates 39 to a detection object. In addition, power corresponding to the behavior of the pair of circular plates 39 approaching and moving away from each other, the behavior of the other circular plate 39 tilting in an arbitrary direction relative to the one circular plate 39, and the behavior of the other circular plate 39 rotating around the central axis relative to the one circular plate 39 is generated in the plurality of electromagnetic induction coils 12, and a wireless signal corresponding to the power generation state is output.

[0094] In addition, if Fig.17 As shown in (B), an additional component 38 is prepared in which a support 38A stands upright from the center of a circular plate 38C and has a mass body 38B at its front end. The circular plate 38C of the additional component 38 is overlapped and fixed to a circular plate 39 on one side of the electrical device 100I, and the circular plate 39 on the other side is fixed to a building, a vehicle, the ground, etc., thereby being able to detect vibrations, etc. exerted on the electrical device 100I.

[0095] [Confirmation experiment]

[0096] The fact that the electromagnetic induction coil 12 and the magnetic elastic body 20 described in the first embodiment generate electric power was confirmed by experiment. Specifically, as a substitute value of the induced current I, the induced electromotive force generated in the electromagnetic induction coil 12 was confirmed.

[0097] I. Structure of the Electromagnetic Induction Device

[0098] As the electromagnetic induction coil 12, a coil made of copper wire with a winding diameter (inner diameter) of 36 mm (36φ), an axial length of 70 mm, a wire diameter of 0.5 mm, a number of turns of 1395 times, and a resistance of 13Ω is used. In addition, as the magnetic elastomer 20, a magnetic elastomer in which neodymium magnetic powder is dispersed in a polyurethane foamed elastomer 21 is used. It should be noted that the neodymium magnetic powder uses magnetic powders with different particle sizes (5μm and 100μm). The magnetic elastomer 20 is cylindrical, and the diameter of the magnetic elastomer 20 is 23 mm and the axial length is 23 mm. The magnetization condition of the magnetic elastomer 20 is 8 Tesla 3 seconds. It should be noted that the magnetization of the magnetic elastomer 20 is carried out in a natural length state and a 50% compression state in the axial direction. Furthermore, in this experiment, the magnetic elastic body 20 is coaxially arranged with the electromagnetic induction coil 12, and the magnetic elastic body 20 is arranged so that the center position coincides with the electromagnetic induction coil 12 in the natural length state. The magnetic elastic body 20 is entirely housed in the electromagnetic induction coil 12, and is arranged so that the axial direction is in the up-down direction, and the magnetic elastic body 20 is elastically deformed by being compressed from one end side in the axial direction (from the bottom).

[0099] II. Details of the magnetic elastic body of each experimental example

[0100] The details of the raw materials of the magnetic elastic body 20 are as follows.

[0101] (1) First liquid

[0102] Polyol; polyester polyol (molecular weight: 2000, number of functional groups: 2, hydroxyl value: 56 mgKOH / g, product name: "Polylite OD-X-102", manufactured by DIC Corporation

[0103] Isocyanate; 1,5-naphthalene diisocyanate (NCO%: 40%, product name: "Cosmonate ND", manufactured by Mitsui Chemicals, Inc.)

[0104] Neodymium magnetic powder; (1) MQFP (5 μm), made by Magnetic Quenching Company, (2) MQFP (100 μm), made by Magnetic Quenching Company

[0105] (2) Second liquid

[0106] Catalyst; Amine catalyst, product name: "Addocat PP", manufactured by RheinChemie Japan

[0107] Foaming agent; a mixture of castor oil and water, product number: "Advate SV" (castor oil and water weight ratio 50:50), manufactured by RheinChemie Japan

[0108] In addition, in this experiment, different magnetic elastic bodies 20 (Experimental Examples 1 to 5) were used, each of which had different foaming ratios, mixing ratios of neodymium-based magnetic powders, particle sizes, and magnetization methods. The magnetization conditions, various characteristic values, etc. of the magnetic elastic body 20 in each experimental example are shown in FIG. Fig.19 shown.

[0109] exist Fig.19 , the details and characteristics of the foamed elastomers of Experimental Examples 1 to 5 are shown. In Experimental Example 1, the foaming ratio of the foamed elastomer 21 was set to 2 times, magnetization was performed in the natural length state, the particle size of the neodymium magnetic powder was 5μm, the mass ratio was 50% by mass, and the volume ratio was 3.3% by volume. In Experimental Example 2, the foaming ratio of the foamed elastomer 21 was set to 4 times, the volume ratio of the neodymium magnetic powder was 1.6% by volume, and other aspects were the same as Experimental Example 1. In Experimental Example 3, the mass ratio of the neodymium magnetic powder was set to 60% by mass, the volume ratio was 3.9% by volume, and other aspects were the same as Experimental Example 1. In Experimental Example 4, magnetization was performed in a 50% compression state in the axial direction, and other aspects were the same as Experimental Example 3. In Experimental Example 5, the particle size of the neodymium magnetic powder was set to 100μm, and other aspects were the same as Experimental Example 3.

[0110] III. Test methods

[0111] (1) Density and expansion ratio of foamed elastomer

[0112] Regarding the expansion ratio of the foamed elastic body 21, a test sample of a cylindrical magnetic elastic body 20 having a diameter of 23 mm and an axial length (thickness) of 23 mm was prepared from the first liquid and the second liquid not containing neodymium-based magnetic powder, and the density was measured based on JIS K6268:1998, and the expansion ratio was calculated based on the density.

[0113] (2) Mass ratio and volume ratio of neodymium magnetic powder

[0114] The mass ratio of the neodymium magnetic powder is obtained by measuring the mass of the neodymium magnetic powder relative to the mass of the first liquid using a scale. The volume ratio of the neodymium magnetic powder is calculated using the following formula based on the mass ratio of the neodymium magnetic powder, the density of the neodymium magnetic powder, and the density of the foamed elastic body 21. Here, the density of the neodymium magnetic powder is 7.6 g / cm 3 .

[0115] Volume ratio of neodymium magnetic powder (%) = (mass ratio of neodymium magnetic powder × density of foamed elastic body) / (density of neodymium magnetic powder)

[0116] (3) Compression permanent strain

[0117] Regarding the compression permanent strain, a test sample of the magnetic elastic body 20 having a diameter of 13 mm and a thickness of 6.3 mm was prepared and measured in accordance with JIS K 6262:2013 A method (small test piece 70° C.×22 hours, 25% compression).

[0118] (4) Repeated compression strain

[0119] Regarding the repeated compression strain, for a test sample of a magnetic elastic body 20 with a diameter of 23 mm and an axial length (thickness) of 23 mm, a 50% compression in the axial direction relative to the natural length state (original thickness) was performed 100,000 times at 1 Hz (1 time / second), and the change in thickness before and after the repeated compression test was measured and calculated according to the following calculation formula. It should be noted that the measurement was performed at room temperature (23°C).

[0120] Repeated compression strain (%) = (thickness before compression test - thickness after compression test) / (thickness before compression test) × 100

[0121] (5) Surface magnetic flux density

[0122] The surface magnetic flux density was obtained as follows: a test sample of the magnetic elastic body 20 having a diameter of 23 mm and an axial length (thickness) of 23 mm was prepared, and the magnetic flux density at the center of the upper surface and the lower surface, which are both end surfaces in the axial direction, was measured 10 times each (20 times in total) using a Gauss meter ("MG-601", manufactured by Magna Corporation), and the average value was calculated. In addition, regarding the surface magnetic flux density, the magnetic elastic body 20 in the natural length state and in the compressed state of 10%, 25%, and 50% in the axial direction from the natural length state was measured, and the change rate of the surface magnetic flux density in each compressed state relative to the natural length state was calculated.

[0123] (6) Power generation

[0124] Regarding power generation, Fig.18 The test device 40 shown in the figure is used to vibrate and deform the magnetic elastic body 20 by repeatedly compressing and restoring in the axial direction of the electromagnetic induction coil 12, and to measure and evaluate the voltage between the two ends of the electromagnetic induction coil 12. The conditions for the vibration deformation of the magnetic elastic body 20 are set to 9 conditions including a combination of 3 levels of compression rate (stroke amount) and 3 levels of frequency, and the above-mentioned voltage is measured for each condition. Specifically, the amplitude levels are 6mm, 8mm, and 10mm (displacement), and the frequency levels are 1Hz, 5Hz, and 10Hz.

[0125] The details of the test device 40 are as follows. The test device 40 has a piston 41 and a fixing member 42 inside the electromagnetic induction coil 12, which clamp the magnetic elastic body 20 in the axial direction of the electromagnetic induction coil 12. The piston 41 receives power from the driving source 43 and vibrates in the axial direction of the electromagnetic induction coil 12, thereby causing the magnetic elastic body 20 to vibrate and deform. The interval between the fixing member 42 and the piston 41 is set to be the same as the natural length of the magnetic elastic body 20 when the piston 41 is farthest from the fixing member 42 during the vibration stroke. That is, in this experiment, the fixing member 42 and the piston 41 are always in contact with the magnetic elastic body 20.

[0126] In addition, both ends of the electromagnetic induction coil 12 are connected to an oscilloscope 44, and the induced electromotive force generated in the electromagnetic induction coil 12 is displayed on the oscilloscope 44. In addition, a laser displacement meter 45 for detecting the vibration of the piston 41 is provided in the test device 40. A signal related to the amplitude and frequency of the piston 41 is output from the laser displacement meter 45 to the oscilloscope 44 via the amplifier unit 46, so that the amplitude and frequency of the vibration of the piston 41 can be confirmed by the oscilloscope 44.

[0127] IV. Test Results

[0128] In Experimental Examples 1 to 5, since the foamed elastic body 21 is composed of polyurethane elastomer, the compression permanent strain is 21 to 25%, and the repeated compression strain is 13 to 18%, which are good results.

[0129] The surface flux density in the natural length state of Experimental Examples 1 to 3 is 9.2mT, 4.6mT, and 10.3mT, respectively. When the volume ratio of the neodymium magnetic powder is large, the surface flux density increases. The surface flux density in the natural length state of Experimental Examples 3 and 5 is 10.3mT and 14.6mT. It can be seen that when the particle size of the neodymium magnetic powder is large, the surface flux density increases. The surface flux density in the natural length state of Experimental Examples 3 and 4 is 10.3mT and 9.2mT. Although Experimental Example 3 is larger, the surface flux density in the state of compression of 10%, 25%, and 50% is 10.5mT and 9.9mT, 10.7mT and 10.6mT, 10.9mT and 12.6mT, respectively, and the change ratios are 1.9% and 7.6%, 3.9% and 15.2%, 5.8% and 37.0, respectively. In the state of 50% compression, the surface magnetic flux density of Experimental Example 4 increases. It is believed that this is because, if compressed, the distribution density of the neodymium magnetic powder increases, and the direction of the magnetic moment of the neodymium magnetic powder is more consistent than the natural length state, so that the number n of neodymium magnetic powder per unit volume and the average value mz of the magnetic moment in the above relationship (B) both increase, the magnetization intensity Mz increases, and the proportion of change compared to the natural length state also increases. In addition, it is believed that the result of the increase in magnetization intensity Mz is that the magnetic flux density Bz increases (refer to relationship (A)). In addition, in Experimental Example 3, even if 50% compression is performed, the proportion of the change in surface magnetic flux density relative to the natural length state is 5.8%, but in Experimental Example 4, the proportion of the change relative to the natural length state under 10% compression is 7.6%, and even if the degree of elastic deformation is small, the change in surface magnetic flux density (magnetic flux density) can be increased.

[0130] Comparison of the power generation between Experimental Example 1 and Experimental Example 3 shows that the larger the mass ratio (volume ratio) of the neodymium-based magnetic powder, the larger the power generation. In addition, it is found that when the compression rate (displacement) is large and the frequency is increased, the power generation becomes larger.

[0131] [Other embodiments]

[0132] (1) As a device for detecting the behavior of a component by utilizing the change in magnetic flux density accompanying the elastic deformation of the magnetic elastomer 20, a structure in which a magnetic sensor such as a Hall element, a TMR element (tunnel magnetoresistance element), a GMR element (giant magnetoresistance element), or an AMR element (anisotropic magnetoresistance element) is arranged opposite to the magnetic elastomer 20 is also considered.

[0133] (2) All of the aforementioned electrical devices 100A to 100I operate using the power generated by the power generation unit 10. However, the power generation unit 10 may not be used as a power generation unit, but may be secured by a battery or an external power source (e.g., a commercial power source) and the power generation unit 10 may be used only as a detection unit for detecting external forces, deformation of components, etc., and may not have a load unit.

[0134] (3) Just as the electric device 100I of the ninth embodiment can be used for torsional deformation, bending deformation, and telescopic deformation, all the electric devices 100A to 100I described above can also be used in other ways. In addition, the electric load included in the load section of the electric devices 100A to 100I can be changed as appropriate.

[0135] (4) The magnetic elastic body 20 of the first embodiment is disposed inside the electromagnetic induction coil 12 . However, the magnetic elastic body 20 may be disposed outside the electromagnetic induction coil 12 as long as the magnetic field generated by the magnetic powder 22 of the magnetic elastic body 20 penetrates the inside of the electromagnetic induction coil 12 .

[0136] (5) In the above embodiment, the magnetization direction of the magnetic elastic body 20 is the same as the axial direction of the electromagnetic induction coil 12 , but the magnetization direction of the magnetic elastic body 20 may be inclined with respect to the axial direction of the electromagnetic induction coil 12 .

[0137] (6) In the above embodiment, the magnetic elastic body 20 is cylindrical, but it is not limited to this, and may be rectangular or spherical. In addition, it may also be the above-mentioned bounce stopper (see Fig.11 (B) and other product shapes.

[0138] (7) In the above embodiment, the electromagnetic induction coil 12 and the magnetic elastic body 20 are coaxially arranged. However, the central axes of the electromagnetic induction coil 12 and the magnetic elastic body 20 may be arranged in parallel with each other with their central axes offset from each other, or may be inclined to each other.

[0139] (8) The magnetic elastic body 20 is formed into a structure in which the magnetic powder 22 is dispersed in the foamed elastic body 21, so it can be easily cut into any shape, and the cut body also becomes a magnet with an N pole and an S pole, so the magnetic elastic body 20 can also be used for toys. In addition, the magnetic elastic body 20 is lighter than ferrite magnets and the like, so it can also be used for applications where it is floated by the magnetic force of other magnets and the like.

[0140] (9) In the above embodiment, 1,5-naphthalene diisocyanate (NDI) is used as the isocyanate of the raw material of the magnetic elastic body 20 , but diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI) may also be used.

[0141] <Note>

[0142] Hereinafter, the features of the invention group extracted from the above-mentioned embodiments will be described while showing the effects etc. as needed. It should be noted that, in order to facilitate understanding, the corresponding structures in the above-mentioned embodiments are appropriately shown by brackets etc., but are not limited to the specific structures shown by the brackets etc.

[0143] [Feature A1]

[0144] An electrical device, wherein the electrical device comprises: an electromagnetic induction coil; an elastic body containing magnetized magnetic powder, which generates a magnetic field penetrating the electromagnetic induction coil, and the magnetic flux density of the magnetic field changes when the elastic body is elastically deformed by an external force; a rectifier unit, which rectifies an induced current induced by the electromagnetic induction coil due to the change in the magnetic flux density; and a load unit, which receives power from the rectifier unit to operate.

[0145] The electrical device of feature A1 has an elastic body containing magnetized magnetic powder, which generates a magnetic field that penetrates the electromagnetic induction coil. When such an elastic body is elastically deformed by an external force, the magnetic flux density of the magnetic field that penetrates the electromagnetic induction coil changes, thereby performing self-generation based on electromagnetic induction. In addition, the induced current flowing in the electromagnetic induction coil is rectified and given to the load part, thereby driving the load part. In this way, the electrical device of feature A1 can generate self-generation using an elastic body with a simple structure compared to the rotating machine of the existing electrical device.

[0146] [Feature A2]

[0147] In the electric device according to feature A1, the load unit includes a wireless circuit that outputs a wireless signal based on the power received from the rectifier unit.

[0148] The electrical equipment of feature A2 has a wireless circuit in addition to self-generating electricity, so the degree of freedom of installation location is increased.

[0149] [Feature A3]

[0150] In the electric device according to feature A2, the wireless circuit outputs a wireless signal to notify that the elastic body is subjected to an external force each time the wireless circuit receives power from the rectifier.

[0151] The electrical device of feature A3 is installed at a location subject to external force, so that the status of the external force can be monitored from a remote location.

[0152] [Feature A4]

[0153] In the electrical device according to any one of Features A1 to A3, the load unit includes a detection circuit that generates detection data for determining the external force based on the induced current, and a wireless circuit that wirelessly transmits the detection data.

[0154] The electric device of feature 4 generates detection data for specifying external force based on the induced current and transmits the data wirelessly, so data collection by wireless transmission that is less susceptible to noise can be performed at a remote location away from the electric device.

[0155] [Feature A5]

[0156] In the electric device according to any one of Features A1 to A4, the rectifying unit includes a secondary battery that is charged by the induced current and can supply power to the load unit.

[0157] In the fifth feature, since the secondary battery is provided, the power supply to the load unit is stable.

[0158] [Feature A6]

[0159] In the electric device according to any one of features A1 to A5, the direction of the magnetic moment of the magnetic powder changes due to elastic deformation of the elastic body, thereby changing the magnetic flux density of the magnetic field passing through the electromagnetic induction coil.

[0160] In order to change the magnetic flux density of the magnetic field, the distribution density of the magnetic powder that generates the magnetic field penetrating the electromagnetic induction coil can be changed by deforming the elastic body, or the direction of the magnetic moment of the magnetic powder can be changed to a state consistent with or inconsistent with the axial direction of the electromagnetic induction coil as shown in Feature 6.

[0161] [Feature A7]

[0162] Based on the electrical device recorded in any one of features A1 to A6, the electromagnetic induction coil is wound into a ring or cylindrical shape having a space on the inside to accommodate the elastomer, and the electrical device has a telescopic support mechanism that transmits the external force in a manner that allows the elastomer to expand and contract in the winding axis direction of the electromagnetic induction coil.

[0163] According to feature 7, it is possible to efficiently generate electricity with a compact structure.

[0164] [Feature A8]

[0165] In the electric device according to any one of Features A1 to A6, the electric device includes a torsion support mechanism for transmitting the external force so that the elastic body is twisted around the winding axis of the electromagnetic induction coil.

[0166] In feature 8, electric power can be generated by utilizing the rotational external force.

[0167] [Feature A9]

[0168] In the electric device according to any one of features A1 to A8, the elastomer is a foamed elastomer.

[0169] The elastic body of feature A9 is a foamed elastic body, so when compressed, the bubbles are flattened, and when stretched, the bubbles expand. Thus, the change in the dimension in the direction orthogonal to the expansion direction accompanying the expansion and contraction deformation is suppressed, thereby suppressing the interference between the elastic body and its surrounding parts.

[0170] [Feature A10]

[0171] In the electric device according to feature A9, the foamed elastic body is a polyurethane elastomer, and the particle size of the magnetic powder is 3 to 200 μm.

[0172] In feature A10, the elastomer is a polyurethane elastomer, so that the curing of the raw material of the elastomer can be accelerated. For example, in the case where the elastomer is a non-foamed silicone rubber, the curing of the elastomer takes time, so the magnetic powder is precipitated during the curing of the elastomer, and the dispersion of the magnetic powder in the elastomer tends to become uneven. In contrast, in feature A10, the raw material of the elastomer can be cured before the magnetic powder is precipitated, so that the magnetic powder can be evenly dispersed in the elastomer. Thus, even magnetic powder with a particle size of more than 100 μm can be easily dispersed, thereby increasing the magnetic flux density of the elastomer. In addition, from the viewpoint of the formability and ease of deformation of the elastomer, the particle size of the magnetic powder is preferably 200 μm or less.

[0173] [Feature A11]

[0174] In the electric device according to feature A9 or feature A10, the foamed elastic body has a foaming ratio of 1.4 to 6 times and has at least a portion with an open cell structure.

[0175] In feature A11, the foamed elastomer has a foaming ratio of 1.4 to 6 times and at least has a continuous cell structure, so it is easy to shape the elastomer and to elastically deform the elastomer, so that the magnetic flux density of the elastomer can be easily changed. As a result, it is easy to generate an induced current in the circuit. In addition, the foamed elastomer has at least a portion of a continuous cell structure, so it is possible to suppress the shrinkage (so-called shrink) of the foamed elastomer after molding. It should be noted that the above-mentioned foaming ratio does not represent the foaming ratio of the elastomer, but represents the foaming ratio of the foamed elastomer monomer.

[0176] [Feature A12]

[0177] Based on the electrical equipment recorded in any one of features A9 to A11, the magnetic powder is composed of a hard ferromagnetic material, the mass concentration of the magnetic powder relative to the foamed elastomer is 40~80%, and the volume concentration of the magnetic powder relative to the foamed elastomer is 1.0~3.5%.

[0178] In feature A12, the elastic body can be easily elastically deformed, and the change in the magnetic flux density of the elastic body can be increased.

[0179] [Feature A13]

[0180] In the electric device according to any one of Features A1 to A12, the elastic body has a compression permanent strain of 30% or less according to JIS K 6262:2013 Method A.

[0181] [Feature A14]

[0182] In the electric device according to any one of Features A1 to A13, a repeated compression strain of the elastic body when 50% compression is repeatedly performed 100,000 times at 1 Hz is 20% or less.

[0183] According to features A13 and A14, the elastic foam body can be restored to good condition after elastic deformation, thereby reducing the collapse of the elastic foam body even when the elastic foam body is used in applications where the elastic foam body is repeatedly compressed, and the elastic foam body is more suitable for repeated use.

[0184] [Feature A15]

[0185] A method for manufacturing an electrical device, comprising manufacturing the electrical device described in any one of features A1 to A14, wherein the magnetic powder is dispersed in the elastomer, and the magnetic powder is magnetized in the compression direction of the elastomer while the elastomer is elastically deformed.

[0186] According to the manufacturing method of feature A15, it is possible to easily manufacture an elastic body having a large change in magnetic flux density when compressed.

[0187] It should be noted that, while specific examples of the technology included in the technical solution are disclosed in this specification and the accompanying drawings, the technology recorded in the technical solution is not limited to these specific examples, but also includes various deformation and alteration methods of the specific examples, and also includes methods of taking out a part from the specific example separately.

[0188] Description of Reference Numerals

[0189] 10 Power Generation Department

[0190] 12, 12V electromagnetic induction coil

[0191] 20, 20V, 20W Magnetic Elastomer (Elastomer)

[0192] 21 Foamed elastomer

[0193] 22 Magnetic powder

[0194] 35 Adjustment mechanism

[0195] 91, 91V, 91W Rectification Unit

[0196] 91A Secondary Battery

[0197] 92, 92V load part

[0198] 100A~100I electrical equipment.

Claims

1. An electrical device, wherein: The electrical equipment has: Electromagnetic induction coil; an elastic body containing magnetized magnetic powder, generating a magnetic field penetrating the electromagnetic induction coil, wherein the magnetic flux density of the magnetic field changes when the elastic body is elastically deformed by an external force; a rectifying unit for rectifying an induced current induced by the electromagnetic induction coil due to a change in the magnetic flux density; and The load unit operates by receiving electric power from the rectifying unit.

2. The electrical device according to claim 1, wherein: The load unit includes a wireless circuit that outputs a wireless signal based on the power received from the rectifier unit.

3. The electrical device according to claim 2, wherein: The wireless circuit outputs a wireless signal to notify the elastic body that an external force has been applied to the elastic body every time the wireless circuit receives power from the rectifying unit.

4. The electrical device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: The load unit includes: a detection circuit that generates detection data for determining the external force based on the induced current; and A wireless circuit is used to wirelessly transmit the detection data.

5. The electrical device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: The rectifying unit includes a secondary battery that is charged by the induced current and can supply power to the load unit.

6. The electrical device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein: The direction of the magnetic moment of the magnetic powder changes due to the elastic deformation of the elastic body, so that the magnetic flux density of the magnetic field penetrating the electromagnetic induction coil changes.

7. The electrical device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein: The electromagnetic induction coil is wound into a ring or a cylinder having a space inside for accommodating the elastic body. The electric device includes a telescopic support mechanism that transmits the external force so that the elastic body can expand and contract in the winding axis direction of the electromagnetic induction coil.

8. The electrical device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein: The electric device includes a torsion support mechanism that transmits the external force so that the elastic body is twisted around the winding axis of the electromagnetic induction coil.

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