Frost heaving prevention construction method for outdoor garden in severe cold area

Abstract

The invention discloses a frost heaving prevention construction method for an outdoor garden in a severe cold area, and belongs to the technical field of landscape design. The drainage assembly is arranged in the waterproof assembly, and water permeating into the waterproof assembly is guided into the water collecting assembly; soil in the planting soil area is improved and subjected to moisture management; wind barriers are arranged around the planting soil area; earthing up and covering root necks; by means of the arranged waterproof assembly, collected water on a road can be effectively prevented from flowing into a planting soil area, accumulated water permeates into soil on the outer side of the waterproof assembly in time, excessive water permeated into the soil can be guided into the water collecting assembly through the arranged drainage assembly, and then the collected water is treated; the planting soil is protected in the waterproof and hydrophobic aspects, improvement and moisture management are conducted on the soil in the planting area, and a wind barrier is arranged on the periphery, so that multiple protection can be conducted on the planting area.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of landscape design, and in particular to a construction method for preventing frost heave in outdoor gardens in severe cold regions. Background Art

[0002] In cold regions, the extreme low temperature environment in winter poses a great challenge to plants and soil in garden construction. Frost heaving not only affects the survival rate and growth status of plants, but may also cause damage to the soil structure, thereby affecting the beauty and stability of the overall garden landscape. Therefore, developing an efficient and practical anti-frost heaving construction method is of great significance to ensure the quality and sustainable development of garden projects in cold regions.

[0003] The main method of preventing frost heave in existing garden construction is to lay waterproof cloth on the ground surface, or to cover the planting area with thermal insulation materials such as thermal insulation blankets and foam boards, so as to reduce the loss of soil heat and the occurrence of frost heave.

[0004] However, the waterproof cloth and thermal insulation materials used in the above method are easily damaged during use, resulting in reduced effects. They are also easily blown away by the wind, affecting the thermal insulation effect. Furthermore, they need to be removed after warming up. The whole process is time-consuming, cumbersome and costly. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the problems of the prior art, the present invention provides a method for preventing frost heave in outdoor gardens in severe cold regions, comprising the following steps:

[0006] Step 1: Install waterproof components at the edge of the planting soil area to prevent water from the road surface from entering the planting area;

[0007] Step 2: a drainage component is arranged in the waterproof component to guide the water infiltrated into the waterproof component to the water collection component;

[0008] Step 3: Improve the soil and manage moisture in the planting area;

[0009] Step 4: Set up wind barriers around the planting soil area;

[0010] Step 5: Add soil and cover the root neck.

[0011] Further, in step 1, the waterproof component includes: a first waterproof component and a second waterproof component;

[0012] The first waterproof component is arranged around the edge of the planting soil area;

[0013] The second waterproof component is arranged around the outer side of the first waterproof component.

[0014] Further, the first waterproof assembly includes: a curbstone, an adhesive layer, a first compacting layer and a waterproof cloth;

[0015] The waterproof cloth is deeply buried around the edge of the planting soil area, and the waterproof cloth extends to 30 centimeters below the frozen soil layer;

[0016] The curbstone is deeply buried and closely attached to the outer side of the waterproof cloth, the bottom of the curbstone is closely attached to the top of the bonding layer, and the bottom of the bonding layer is closely attached to the first compacted layer.

[0017] Furthermore, the waterproof cloth is arranged in a funnel shape, and a concrete layer is arranged between the lower part of the curb and the bending part of the waterproof cloth.

[0018] Furthermore, the second waterproof assembly includes permeable bricks, a cement mortar layer and a second compacted layer arranged in sequence from top to bottom;

[0019] The second compacted layer is arranged close to the side surface of the bonding layer;

[0020] The cement mortar layer is arranged closely against the side surface of the curbstone and the side surface of the bonding layer;

[0021] The drainage component is arranged below the permeable brick.

[0022] Furthermore, the drainage assembly includes: a Y-shaped drainage pipe and a collection pipe;

[0023] The top of the Y-shaped flow guide pipe is in close contact with the bottom of the permeable brick, and the lower end of the Y-shaped flow guide pipe is arranged through the second compacted layer;

[0024] A plurality of drainage tubes are arranged on the side of the Y-shaped drainage tube, and a plurality of through holes are arranged on the drainage tube;

[0025] The lower end of the Y-shaped flow guide pipe is connected to the manifold, and the manifold is arranged obliquely;

[0026] One end of the manifold is sealed, and the other end is connected to the water collection assembly.

[0027] Further, the water collection assembly includes: a water collection well, a water pump and a conduit;

[0028] The water collection well is arranged away from the permeable bricks;

[0029] The water pump is arranged in the water collection well, the water outlet end of the water pump is connected to one end of the conduit, and the other end of the conduit extends to the outside of the water collection well.

[0030] Furthermore, in step 3, improving the soil in the planting soil area includes:

[0031] A1. Conduct a detailed investigation and analysis of garden soil to obtain soil nutrient conditions;

[0032] A2. Apply organic matter to the soil before planting or during the growing season;

[0033] A3. Improve soil structure regularly;

[0034] A4. Set up a ground water guide mechanism on the surface of the planting soil.

[0035] Furthermore, the moisture management of the soil in the planting soil area in step 3 includes:

[0036] B1. Develop a reasonable irrigation plan based on plant species, growth stage and soil moisture factors;

[0037] B2. Irrigate in late autumn to early winter when the soil surface is still frozen.

[0038] B3. Use instruments such as soil moisture meters to regularly monitor soil moisture changes, and use the monitoring results as the basis for adjusting irrigation plans.

[0039] Furthermore, the ground water diversion mechanism in step 3 includes: a first diversion trough, a second diversion trough, a third diversion trough and a confluence trough;

[0040] The first drainage groove comprises: a first annular sleeve and a second annular sleeve, the first annular sleeve and the second annular sleeve are concentrically arranged and sealed at the bottom;

[0041] The first drainage groove, the second drainage groove and the third drainage groove have the same structure and their sizes increase successively. The first drainage groove, the second drainage groove and the third drainage groove are concentrically arranged, and adjacent drainage grooves are connected through pipelines.

[0042] The first drainage groove is arranged at a position higher than the second drainage groove, and the second drainage groove is arranged at a position higher than the third drainage groove;

[0043] The surface of the planting soil is provided with an installation groove for limiting the drainage groove, and the height of the corresponding drainage groove is smaller than the depth of the installation groove;

[0044] The confluence groove is arranged outside the third drainage groove, and the third drainage groove is connected with the confluence groove through a pipeline;

[0045] There are multiple ground water guide mechanisms, and the confluence grooves of adjacent ground water guide mechanisms are connected to each other, and the confluence grooves are connected to the water collection well of the water collection component to guide the water in the ground water guide mechanism into the water collection well.

[0046] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0047] The waterproof components can effectively prevent the collected water on the road from flowing into the planting soil area. Even if the accumulated water seeps into the soil outside the waterproof components, the drainage components can be used to divert the excess water infiltrating the soil to the water collection components, and then the collected water can be processed. In addition, in addition to protecting the planting soil in terms of waterproofing and hydrophobicity, the planting area can be protected in multiple ways by improving the soil and managing the moisture in the planting area, as well as setting up wind barriers on the periphery, effectively avoiding the problem of soil frost heave when used in the garden. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0048] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0049] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the principle flow chart provided by the present invention;

[0050] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the overall cutaway structure provided by the present invention;

[0051] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the connection of the drainage assembly provided by the present invention;

[0052] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the ground water diversion mechanism provided by the present invention;

[0053] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the ground water guiding mechanism provided by the present invention when viewed from above.

[0054] Figure numerals: 1 is a curbstone, 2 is a bonding layer, 3 is a first compacted layer, 4 is a waterproof cloth, 5 is a cement mortar layer, 6 is a permeable brick, 7 is a second compacted layer, 8 is a Y-shaped guide pipe, 9 is a conduit, 10 is a drainage pipe, 11 is a through hole, 12 is a water collection well, 13 is a conduit, 14 is a water pump, 15 is a concrete layer, 16 is a first drainage trough, 17 is a second drainage trough, 18 is a third drainage trough, and 19 is a conduit. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0055] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clear, the embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0056] See also Figures 1 to 5 A method for preventing frost heave in outdoor gardens in severe cold regions comprises the following steps:

[0057] Step 1: Install waterproof components at the edge of the planting soil area to prevent water from the road surface from entering the planting area;

[0058] The waterproof component comprises: a first waterproof component and a second waterproof component;

[0059] The first waterproof component is arranged around the edge of the planting soil area;

[0060] The second waterproof component is arranged around the outer side of the first waterproof component.

[0061] The first waterproof component comprises: a curbstone 1, an adhesive layer 2, a first compacted layer 3 and a waterproof cloth 4;

[0062] The waterproof cloth 4 is deeply buried around the edge of the planting soil area, and the waterproof cloth 4 extends to below 30 cm of the frozen soil layer;

[0063] The curbstone 1 is deeply buried and closely attached to the outer side of the waterproof cloth 4 , the bottom of the curbstone 1 is closely attached to the top of the bonding layer 2 , and the bottom of the bonding layer 2 is closely attached to the first compacted layer 3 .

[0064] The waterproof cloth 4 is arranged in a funnel shape, and a concrete layer 15 is arranged between the lower part of the curbstone 1 and the bending part of the waterproof cloth 4 .

[0065] Among them, the curb 1 is a 150*300*800mm sesame gray granite stone machine-cut curb; the bonding layer 2 is a 30cm thick 1:2.5 cement mortar bonding layer; the first compacted layer 3 is a 150mm thick 3:7 lime soil cushion plain soil compacted layer;

[0066] The second waterproof assembly includes a permeable brick 6, a cement mortar layer 5 and a second compacted layer 7 arranged in sequence from top to bottom;

[0067] The second compacted layer 7 is arranged close to the side of the bonding layer 2;

[0068] The cement mortar layer 5 is arranged close to the side of the curbstone 1 and the side of the bonding layer 2;

[0069] The drainage assembly is arranged below the permeable brick 6 .

[0070] Among them, the permeable bricks 6 use 50mm thick permeable brick surface bricks with coarse sand to sweep the joints and sprinkle water to seal the joints; the cement mortar layer 5 uses 30mm thick 1:6 thousand-proof cement mortar, and a 200mm thick open-graded crushed stone layer is laid under the cement mortar layer 5; the second compacted layer 7 is compacted with plain soil, and the compaction coefficient is not less than 0.95.

[0071] In addition, the soil should be plowed and loosened before construction to improve soil permeability and drainage, reduce water accumulation in the soil, and thus reduce the risk of soil frost heave.

[0072] Step 2: a drainage component is arranged in the waterproof component to guide the water infiltrated into the waterproof component to the water collection component;

[0073] The drainage assembly comprises: a Y-shaped drainage pipe 8 and a collection pipe 9;

[0074] The top of the Y-shaped flow guide pipe 8 is in close contact with the bottom of the permeable brick 6, and the lower end of the Y-shaped flow guide pipe 8 is arranged through the second compacted layer 7;

[0075] A plurality of drainage tubes 10 are disposed on the side of the Y-shaped drainage tube 8, and a plurality of through holes 11 are disposed on the drainage tube 10;

[0076] The lower end of the Y-shaped flow guide pipe 8 is connected to the manifold 9, and the manifold 9 is arranged obliquely;

[0077] One end of the manifold 9 is sealed, and the other end is connected to the water collection assembly.

[0078] Among them, the Y-shaped drainage pipe 8 can be set in multiple numbers. The Y-shaped drainage pipe can increase the bonding force between the Y-shaped drainage pipe 8 and the cement mortar layer 5, so that the position is more stable, and the position will basically not be displaced during the later use process; in order to avoid blockage when draining water in the soil, the through hole 11 on the drainage pipe 10 is provided with a filter screen at the through hole, and filter balls are arranged at intervals in the drainage pipe.

[0079] The water collection assembly includes: a water collection well 12, a water pump 14 and a conduit 13;

[0080] The water collection well 12 is arranged away from the permeable brick 6;

[0081] The water pump 14 is disposed in the water collection well 12 , and a water outlet end of the water pump 14 is connected to one end of the conduit 13 , while the other end of the conduit 13 extends to the outside of the water collection well 12 .

[0082] A water level sensor is arranged in the water collecting well 12. When the water level reaches a set height, a water pump is started to drain water, so as to avoid backflow of water in the conduit.

[0083] Step 3: Improve the soil and manage moisture in the planting area;

[0084] Among them, improving the soil in the planting area includes:

[0085] A1. Conduct a detailed investigation and analysis of the garden soil to obtain the soil nutrient conditions, including pH value, organic matter content, and salt content;

[0086] A2. Before planting or during the growth period, add organic matter to the soil according to the soil's nutrient conditions;

[0087] Among them, an appropriate amount of conditioners, such as decomposed organic fertilizer, mineral powder, etc., are added to the soil to improve the soil structure and enhance the soil's water and fertilizer retention capacity and frost resistance.

[0088] A3. Improve soil structure regularly.

[0089] Soil moisture management within the planting area includes:

[0090] B1. Develop a reasonable irrigation plan based on plant species, growth stage and soil moisture factors;

[0091] Develop a reasonable irrigation plan based on the growth characteristics and water requirements of crops. Consider factors such as the growth stage of crops, soil type, and climatic conditions to ensure that crops receive the right amount of water at different growth stages.

[0092] Irrigation methods can be:

[0093] Surface irrigation: including furrow irrigation, ditch irrigation, flooding irrigation and overtopping irrigation, etc., suitable for different crops and soil conditions.

[0094] Underground irrigation: Irrigation is carried out through seepage pipes buried below the ground of farmland, which has the advantages of not destroying the soil surface structure and reducing water evaporation.

[0095] Sprinkler irrigation and drip irrigation: As water-saving irrigation technologies, sprinkler irrigation sprays water into the air to form tiny droplets, while drip irrigation directly delivers water to the vicinity of the crop roots. Both can improve irrigation efficiency and reduce water waste.

[0096] B2. Irrigate in late autumn to early winter when the soil surface is still frozen.

[0097] B3. Use instruments such as soil moisture meters to regularly monitor soil moisture changes, and use the monitoring results as a basis for adjusting irrigation plans;

[0098] A4. Set up a ground water guide mechanism on the surface of the planting soil;

[0099] The ground water diversion mechanism includes: a first diversion groove 16, a second diversion groove 17, a third diversion groove 18 and a confluence groove 19;

[0100] The first drainage groove 16 comprises: a first annular sleeve and a second annular sleeve, the first annular sleeve and the second annular sleeve are concentrically arranged and sealed at the bottom;

[0101] The first drainage groove 16, the second drainage groove 17 and the third drainage groove 18 have the same structure and their sizes increase successively. The first drainage groove 16, the second drainage groove 17 and the third drainage groove 18 are concentrically arranged, and adjacent drainage grooves are connected through pipes.

[0102] The first drainage groove 16 is disposed at a position higher than the second drainage groove 17, and the second drainage groove 17 is disposed at a position higher than the third drainage groove 18;

[0103] The surface of the planting soil is provided with an installation groove for limiting the drainage groove, and the height of the corresponding drainage groove is smaller than the depth of the installation groove;

[0104] The confluence groove 19 is disposed outside the third drainage groove 18, and the third drainage groove 18 is connected to the confluence groove 19 through a pipeline;

[0105] The ground water guide mechanism is provided with a plurality of confluence grooves 19 of adjacent ground water guide mechanisms are connected to each other, and the confluence grooves 19 are connected to the water collection well 12 of the water collection assembly, so as to guide the water in the ground water guide mechanism to the water collection well 12.

[0106] Among them, when setting the drainage trough, the surface of the planting soil is ridged in advance, and the surface of the planting soil is piled into a boss shape, and then installation grooves are set at the top, middle and bottom of the boss, and the size of the installation grooves matches the size of the drainage trough. After the installation grooves are set, the first drainage trough 16, the second drainage trough 17 and the third drainage trough 18 are placed in the installation grooves at the top, middle and bottom of the boss in turn, and then the adjacent drainage troughs are connected through pipes. When setting the installation grooves, the depth of the installation grooves is greater than the height of the corresponding drainage grooves. In this way, on rainy days, rainwater can quickly enter the corresponding drainage trough along the ridges and then flow from the drainage trough to the confluence trough 19, and finally flow from the confluence trough 19 to the collection well 12. The terrain of the confluence trough 19 is lower than the terrain of the bottom of the boss. In order to reduce the risk of blockage of the confluence trough 19 and the drainage trough, the filter screen is connected at the top of the confluence trough 19 and the drainage trough by hinges.

[0107] Step 4: Set up wind barriers around the planting soil area;

[0108] Step 5: Add soil and cover the root neck.

[0109] Among them, the soiling and covering of the root neck include:

[0110] For shallow-rooted plants and newly planted trees, pile up soil around the root neck to a height of 20-30cm;

[0111] Ground cover plants such as lawns and flower beds should be covered to protect them from the cold, with a covering thickness of 5-10cm.

[0112] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preventing frost heave in outdoor gardens in severe cold regions, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Install waterproof components at the edge of the planting soil area to prevent water from the road surface from entering the planting area; Step 2: a drainage component is arranged in the waterproof component to guide the water infiltrated into the waterproof component to the water collection component; Step 3: Improve the soil and manage moisture in the planting area; Step 4: Set up wind barriers around the planting soil area; Step 5: Add soil and cover the root neck.

2. The method for preventing frost heave in outdoor gardens in severe cold regions according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step 1, the waterproof component includes: a first waterproof component and a second waterproof component; The first waterproof component is arranged around the edge of the planting soil area; The second waterproof component is arranged around the outer side of the first waterproof component.

3. The method for preventing frost heave in outdoor gardens in severe cold regions according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first waterproof assembly includes: a curbstone, a bonding layer, a first compacting layer and a waterproof cloth; The waterproof cloth is deeply buried around the edge of the planting soil area, and the waterproof cloth extends to 30 centimeters below the frozen soil layer; The curbstone is deeply buried and closely attached to the outer side of the waterproof cloth, the bottom of the curbstone is closely attached to the top of the bonding layer, and the bottom of the bonding layer is closely attached to the first compacted layer.

4. The method for preventing frost heave in outdoor gardens in severe cold regions according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The waterproof cloth is arranged in a funnel shape, and a concrete layer is arranged between the lower part of the curbstone and the bending part of the waterproof cloth.

5. The method for preventing frost heave in outdoor gardens in severe cold regions according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The second waterproof assembly includes permeable bricks, a cement mortar layer and a second compacted layer arranged in sequence from top to bottom; The second compacted layer is arranged close to the side surface of the bonding layer; The cement mortar layer is arranged closely against the side surface of the curbstone and the side surface of the bonding layer; The drainage component is arranged below the permeable brick.

6. The method for preventing frost heave in outdoor gardens in severe cold regions according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The drainage assembly comprises: a Y-shaped drainage pipe and a collection pipe; The top of the Y-shaped flow guide pipe is in close contact with the bottom of the permeable brick, and the lower end of the Y-shaped flow guide pipe is arranged through the second compacted layer; A plurality of drainage tubes are arranged on the side of the Y-shaped drainage tube, and a plurality of through holes are arranged on the drainage tube; The lower end of the Y-shaped flow guide pipe is connected to the manifold, and the manifold is arranged obliquely; One end of the manifold is sealed, and the other end is connected to the water collection assembly.

7. The method for preventing frost heave in outdoor gardens in severe cold regions according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The water collection assembly comprises: a water collection well, a water pump and a conduit; The water collection well is arranged away from the permeable bricks; The water pump is arranged in the water collection well, the water outlet end of the water pump is connected to one end of the conduit, and the other end of the conduit extends to the outside of the water collection well.

8. The method for preventing frost heave in outdoor gardens in severe cold regions according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step 3, the soil in the planting area is improved by: A1. Conduct a detailed investigation and analysis of garden soil to obtain soil nutrient conditions; A2. Apply organic matter to the soil before planting or during the growing season; A3. Improve soil structure regularly; A4. Set up a ground water guide mechanism on the surface of the planting soil.

9. The method for preventing frost heave in outdoor gardens in severe cold regions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The moisture management of the soil in the planting area in step 3 includes: B1. Develop a reasonable irrigation plan based on plant species, growth stage and soil moisture factors; B2. Irrigate in late autumn to early winter when the soil surface is still frozen. B3. Use instruments such as soil moisture meters to regularly monitor soil moisture changes, and use the monitoring results as the basis for adjusting irrigation plans.

10. The method for preventing frost heave in outdoor gardens in severe cold regions according to claim 9, characterized in that: The ground water diversion mechanism in step 3 includes: a first diversion trough, a second diversion trough, a third diversion trough and a confluence trough; The first drainage groove comprises: a first annular sleeve and a second annular sleeve, the first annular sleeve and the second annular sleeve are concentrically arranged and sealed at the bottom; The first drainage groove, the second drainage groove and the third drainage groove have the same structure and their sizes increase successively. The first drainage groove, the second drainage groove and the third drainage groove are concentrically arranged, and adjacent drainage grooves are connected through pipelines. The first drainage groove is arranged at a position higher than the second drainage groove, and the second drainage groove is arranged at a position higher than the third drainage groove; The surface of the planting soil is provided with an installation groove for limiting the drainage groove, and the height of the corresponding drainage groove is smaller than the depth of the installation groove; The confluence groove is arranged outside the third drainage groove, and the third drainage groove is connected with the confluence groove through a pipeline; There are multiple ground water guide mechanisms, and the confluence grooves of adjacent ground water guide mechanisms are connected to each other, and the confluence grooves are connected to the water collection well of the water collection component to guide the water in the ground water guide mechanism into the water collection well.

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