A locomotive coupler disassembly device and method

Abstract

The application provides a locomotive coupler dismounting device and method, which is used for detachably mounting a coupler on a coupler mounting seat of a vehicle body through bolts; the dismounting device comprises an upper support plate, an elongated rod and a lower support plate; the upper support plate is provided with a groove I for accommodating an upper part of the coupler, and the contour shape of the groove I matches the outer shape of the upper part of the coupler; the lower support plate is provided with a groove II for accommodating a lower part of the coupler, and the contour shape of the groove II matches the outer shape of the lower part of the coupler; the upper support plate and the lower support plate are both provided with through holes through which the elongated rod can pass; the elongated rod is thick at both ends and thin in the middle; the elongated rod is used for cooperating with a torque wrench to dismount the bolts, and the upper support plate and the lower support plate are used for supporting the elongated rod through the through holes. The application eliminates the requirement for a tooling site, does not need a pit crane and can save dismounting time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of locomotive coupler disassembly and assembly, and in particular to a locomotive coupler disassembly and assembly device and method. Background Art

[0002] An EMU consists of a control car, a passenger car, and a power car. The power car and the control car are located at both ends of the EMU, with a certain number of passenger cars connected in between. Front-end couplers are installed at both ends of the power car and the control car, and close-coupled couplers are used between the power car, the control car, and the passenger cars, as well as between each passenger car. However, some EMUs, such as the FXD3, use a 25T close-coupled coupler in the power car that cannot be coupled with the coupler of the loaded trial run locomotive. To ensure smooth trial runs and shipments of the locomotive, a 15x joist-type coupler is installed at the rear end of the locomotive as a substitute. After the trial runs and shipments are completed, a 25T close-coupled coupler is replaced. However, on these locomotives, the gap between the bogie and the coupler mounting seat is extremely small, making it impossible for people to enter to work. Work can only be carried out after the bogie and car body are separated.

[0003] The coupler is replaced when the car body and the bogie are connected. Due to the limited operating space, the bogie needs to be separated from the car body before replacement. This method requires the cooperation of multiple types of workers (electricians, fitters, plumbers, cranes, etc.), and the site requirements are also high (cranes or car cranes are required), which is time-consuming and labor-intensive. For example, the method of using a hydraulic torque wrench to disassemble and assemble the coupler is to operate between the car body and the bogie, but the operating space is small. It is necessary to separate the bogie from the car body to have enough operating space before it can be executed. The gap between the bogie and the coupler mounting seat is extremely small, and people cannot enter to operate. The bogie can only be operated after it is separated from the car body. The problems with this method include: (1) The operating space when using a hydraulic torque wrench is limited to the space between the bogie and the car body, the operating space is small, and the operation is difficult; (2) It is impossible to observe the movement of the torque wrench reaction arm. There is a risk of personal injury due to the movement of the bogie; (3) there is no suitable tool for construction, and there is a risk that the tool cannot be removed after the operation is completed; (4) the bogie needs to be separated from the car body, which requires the cooperation of multiple types of workers (electricians, fitters, pipe fitters, cranes, etc.), and there are also requirements for the site. A crane or a car crane is required, and the workload is very large; there is also a disassembly and assembly method that operates from the front end of the coupler, but the front end space is also small, and there are many protruding positions on the coupler structure, which further reduces the operating space. There is no suitable tool to enter, and an extension rod needs to be used to lead it out. The torque wrench is operated externally and is not restricted by space. The problems include: (1) The coupler requires a large torque to tighten, and the extension rod will be deformed or even broken during use, making it impossible to continue the operation to complete the tightening; (2) When the extension rod is used at the bottom of the coupler, it will interfere with the coupler and the torque cannot be tightened. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the above-mentioned technical problems in the existing EMU coupler disassembly and assembly method, such as the limited space for operation, the risk of personal injury, the easy deformation of the extension rod, and the need to replace the bogie when replacing the coupler, a locomotive coupler disassembly and assembly device and method are provided. The present invention designs a set of combined tooling according to the shape of the coupler and the installation space, and realizes the disassembly and assembly of the coupler by using the combined tooling in conjunction with a torque wrench.

[0005] The technical means adopted in the present invention are as follows:

[0006] A locomotive coupler disassembly and assembly device is used to detachably mount the coupler on the coupler mounting seat of the vehicle body through bolts;

[0007] The disassembly and assembly device includes an upper support plate, an extension rod and a lower support plate;

[0008] The upper support plate is provided with a groove I for accommodating the upper part of the coupler, and the contour shape of the groove I matches the outer shape of the upper part of the coupler;

[0009] The lower support plate is provided with a groove II for accommodating the lower part of the coupler, and the contour shape of the groove II matches the outer shape of the lower part of the coupler;

[0010] The upper support plate and the lower support plate are both provided with through holes capable of allowing the extension rod to pass through;

[0011] The extension rod is a solid rod structure with thick rods at both ends and a thin rod in the middle. The thick rod at one end is used to be connected to the bolt through a sleeve, and the thick rod at the other end is used to be connected to a torque wrench for disassembling and assembling the bolt through a sleeve; the extension rod is used to cooperate with the torque wrench to disassemble and assemble the bolt for connecting the coupler and the coupler mounting seat, and the upper support plate and the lower support plate are used to support the extension rod through the through hole.

[0012] Furthermore, the gap between the coupler and the coupler mounting seat is a mounting space;

[0013] The upper support plate is used to be installed in the installation space and clamped to the upper part of the coupler through the groove I, supporting the extension rod passing through the through hole on the upper support plate, and disassembling the bolt used to connect the coupler and the upper end of the coupler mounting seat;

[0014] The lower support plate is used to be installed in the installation space and clamped to the lower part of the coupler through the groove II, supporting the extension rod passing through the through hole on the lower support plate, and disassembling the bolt used to connect the coupler and the lower end of the coupler mounting seat.

[0015] Furthermore, when the extension rod is disassembling and assembling the bolt, the thick rod at one end is connected to the bolt through a sleeve, and the thick rod at the other end is connected to the torque wrench through a sleeve, and the thin rod in the middle is located in the through hole.

[0016] Furthermore, the top corners on both sides of the top of the upper support plate are processed into chamfers.

[0017] Furthermore, the diameter of the through hole is greater than or equal to the diameter of the thick rod.

[0018] Furthermore, the width of the portion of the upper support plate located on both sides and above the groove I is equal to the width of the gap between the two sides and the upper portion of the coupler and the coupler mounting seat, so that the upper support plate can be stuck in the mounting space;

[0019] The width of the portion of the lower support plate located on both sides and below the groove II is equal to the width of the gap between the two sides and the lower part of the coupler and the coupler mounting seat, so that the lower support plate can be stuck in the installation space.

[0020] The present invention also provides a locomotive coupler disassembly and assembly method using the locomotive coupler disassembly and assembly device, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0021] S1. disassembling and assembling the bolt used to connect the coupler and the upper end of the coupler mounting seat;

[0022] S1-1, installing the upper support plate in the gap between the upper portion of the coupler and the coupler mounting seat, so that the groove I is engaged with the upper portion of the coupler;

[0023] S1-2, installing the extension rod for disassembling and installing the bolt in the through hole on the upper support plate, so that the thin rod in the middle of the extension rod is located in the through hole;

[0024] One end of the extension rod located on the inner side of the upper support plate is connected to the bolt that needs to be tightened or removed through a sleeve;

[0025] S1-3, one end of the extension rod located outside the upper support plate is connected to the torque wrench through a sleeve, and the torque wrench is operated to complete the tightening or removal of the bolt. When tightening or removing the bolt, the upper support plate plays a role in supporting the extension rod;

[0026] S1-4, after the bolting operation for connecting the coupler and the upper end of the coupler mounting seat is completed, the upper support plate is removed;

[0027] S2. disassembling and assembling the bolt used to connect the coupler and the lower end of the coupler mounting seat;

[0028] S2-1, installing the lower support plate in the gap between the lower portion of the coupler and the coupler mounting seat, so that the groove II is engaged with the lower portion of the coupler;

[0029] S2-2, installing the extension rod for disassembling and installing the bolt in the through hole on the lower support plate, so that the thin rod in the middle of the extension rod is located in the through hole;

[0030] One end of the extension rod located on the inner side of the lower support plate is connected to the bolt that needs to be tightened or removed through a sleeve;

[0031] S2-3, one end of the extension rod located outside the lower support plate is connected to the torque wrench through a sleeve, and the torque wrench is operated to complete the tightening or removal of the bolt. When tightening or removing the bolt, the lower support plate plays a role in supporting the extension rod;

[0032] S2-4. After the bolt operation for connecting the coupler and the lower end of the coupler mounting seat is completed, the lower support plate is withdrawn, thereby completing the disassembly and assembly operation of the coupler.

[0033] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0034] The locomotive coupler disassembly and assembly device and method provided by the present invention are used to disassemble and assemble the coupler, which can avoid disassembling the bogie (disassembling the pipeline connection, cable connection, drawbar, etc.), and at the same time eliminates the requirements for the work site, does not require a trench crane, and saves disassembly and assembly time.

[0035] Based on the above reasons, the present invention can be widely promoted in the field of EMU coupler disassembly and assembly. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative labor.

[0037] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of the locomotive coupler disassembly and assembly device of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the locomotive coupler disassembly and assembly device of the present invention in operation.

[0039] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the upper support plate in the present invention in operation.

[0040] Figure 4The lower support plate working state diagram is shown in the present application.

[0041] In the figure: 1, coupler; 2, upper support plate; 3, extension rod; 4, lower support plate; 5, installation space. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] It should be noted that the embodiments in the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict. The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0043] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below in combination with the drawings of the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, but not all the embodiments. The description of the at least one exemplary embodiment is actually only illustrative, but not as any limitation on the present application and its application or use. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0044] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments, and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, the singular form is intended to include the plural form, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, and it should also be understood that when the terms "comprise" and / or "include" are used in the specification, there is a feature, step, operation, device, component and / or combination thereof.

[0045] Unless specifically stated otherwise, the relative arrangement of the components and steps illustrated in these embodiments, numerical expressions, and numerical values are not meant to limit the scope of the present application. At the same time, it should be clear that the sizes of the various parts shown in the drawings are not drawn in proportion. The technology, methods and devices known to those skilled in the relevant art can not be discussed in detail, but in appropriate cases, the technology, methods and devices should be considered as part of the authorized specification. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific value should be interpreted as merely exemplary, and not as a limitation. Therefore, other examples of exemplary embodiments can have different values. It should be noted that similar reference numbers and letters represent similar items in the following drawings, so once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further discussed in subsequent drawings.

[0046] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the directions or positional relationships indicated by directional words such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "horizontal, vertical, vertical, horizontal" and "top, bottom" are usually based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description. Unless otherwise specified, these directional words do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction or be constructed and operated in a specific direction. Therefore, they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention: the directional words "inside and outside" refer to the inside and outside relative to the outline of each component itself.

[0047] For ease of description, spatially relative terms such as "above", "above", "on the upper surface of", "above", etc. may be used herein to describe the spatial positional relationship of a device or feature to other devices or features as shown in the figures. It should be understood that spatially relative terms are intended to include different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation described in the figures. For example, if the device in the drawings is inverted, the device described as "above other devices or structures" or "above other devices or structures" will be positioned as "below other devices or structures" or "below their position devices or structures". Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both "above" and "below". The device can also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatially relative descriptions used here are interpreted accordingly.

[0048] In addition, it should be noted that the use of terms such as "first" and "second" to limit components is only for the convenience of distinguishing the corresponding components. Unless otherwise stated, the above terms have no special meaning and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0049] Example 1

[0050] like Figure 1-4 As shown, the present invention provides a locomotive coupler disassembly and assembly device for detachably mounting a coupler 1 on a coupler mounting seat of a vehicle body by means of bolts;

[0051] The disassembly and assembly device includes an upper support plate 2, an extension rod 3 and a lower support plate 4;

[0052] The upper support plate 2 is provided with a groove I for accommodating the upper portion of the coupler 1, and the contour shape of the groove I matches the outer shape of the upper portion of the coupler 1;

[0053] The lower support plate 4 is provided with a groove II for accommodating the lower portion of the coupler 1, and the contour shape of the groove II matches the outer shape of the lower portion of the coupler 1;

[0054] The upper support plate 2 and the lower support plate 4 are both provided with through holes through which the extension rod 3 can pass;

[0055] The extension rod 3 is a solid rod structure with thick rods at both ends and a thin rod in the middle. The thick rod at one end is used to be connected to the bolt through a sleeve, and the thick rod at the other end is used to be connected to a torque wrench for disassembling and assembling the bolt through a sleeve; the extension rod 3 is used to cooperate with the torque wrench to disassemble and assemble the bolt for connecting the coupler and the coupler mounting seat, and the upper support plate 2 and the lower support plate 4 are used to support the extension rod 3 through the through hole.

[0056] Furthermore, the gap between the coupler 1 and the coupler mounting seat is the mounting space 5;

[0057] The upper support plate 2 is used to be installed in the installation space 5 and is clamped to the upper part of the coupler 1 through the groove I, supporting the extension rod 3 passing through the through hole on the upper support plate 2, and disassembling the bolt used to connect the coupler and the upper end of the coupler mounting seat;

[0058] The lower support plate 4 is used to be installed in the installation space 5 and is clamped to the lower part of the coupler 1 through the groove II, supporting the extension rod 3 passing through the through hole on the lower support plate 4, and disassembling the bolt used to connect the coupler and the lower end of the coupler mounting seat.

[0059] Furthermore, when the extension rod 3 is disassembling and assembling the bolt, the thick rod at one end is connected to the bolt through a sleeve, and the thick rod at the other end is connected to the torque wrench through a sleeve, and the thin rod in the middle is located in the through hole; when the torque wrench is rotated to disassemble and assemble the bolt, the upper support plate 2 and the lower support plate 4 can play a certain supporting and limiting role for the extension rod 3. Since the thin rod is located in the through hole, the extension rod 3 can be prevented from interfering with the coupler 1 during operation.

[0060] Furthermore, the top corners on both sides of the top of the upper support plate 2 are processed into chamfers to avoid interference with the coupler mounting seat during operation.

[0061] Furthermore, the bolt is a hexagonal bolt, the thick rods at both ends of the extension rod 3 are hexagonal prism structures, and the sleeve used to connect the bolt and the torque wrench matches the model of the thick rod.

[0062] Furthermore, the diameter of the through hole is greater than or equal to the diameter of the thick rod.

[0063] Furthermore, the width of the portion of the upper support plate 2 located on both sides and above the groove I is equal to the width of the gap between the sides and top of the coupler and the coupler mounting seat, so that the upper support plate 2 can be stuck in the mounting space 5;

[0064] The width of the portion of the lower support plate 4 located on both sides and below the groove II is equal to the width of the gap between the sides and bottom of the coupler and the coupler mounting seat, so that the lower support plate 4 can be stuck in the mounting space 5;

[0065] The dimensions of the parts around the grooves I and II on the upper support plate 2 and the lower support plate 4 are determined based on the gap between the installation spaces 5 of the coupler 1, that is, the dimensions of the installation spaces 5. Such a setting enables the upper support plate 2 and the lower support plate 4 to be stuck in the installation space 5, and no shaking occurs when the extension rod 3 is rotated to disassemble and assemble the bolts.

[0066] The present invention also provides a locomotive coupler disassembly and assembly method using the locomotive coupler disassembly and assembly device, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0067] S1, disassembling and assembling the bolt used to connect the coupler 1 and the upper end of the coupler mounting seat;

[0068] S1-1. Install the upper support plate 2 in the gap between the upper portion of the coupler 1 and the coupler mounting seat, so that the upper support plate 2 is clamped in the mounting space 5 and the groove I is clamped in the upper portion of the coupler 1;

[0069] S1-2, installing the extension rod 3 for disassembling the bolt in the through hole on the upper support plate 2, so that the thin rod in the middle of the extension rod 3 is located in the through hole;

[0070] One end of the extension rod 3 located on the inner side of the upper support plate 2 is connected to the bolt that needs to be tightened or removed through a sleeve;

[0071] S1-3, one end of the extension rod 3 located outside the upper support plate 2 is connected to the torque wrench through a sleeve, and the torque wrench is operated to complete the tightening or removal of the bolt. When tightening or removing the bolt, the upper support plate 2 plays a role in supporting the extension rod 3;

[0072] S1-4, after the bolting operation for connecting the coupler 1 and the upper end of the coupler mounting seat is completed, the upper support plate 2 is withdrawn;

[0073] S2, disassembling and assembling the bolt used to connect the coupler 1 and the lower end of the coupler mounting seat;

[0074] S2-1, install the lower support plate 4 in the gap between the lower part of the coupler 1 and the coupler mounting seat, and make the lower support plate 4 clamped in the mounting space 5 and the recess II engaged with the lower part of the coupler 1;

[0075] S2-2, install the lengthened rod 3 for disassembling and assembling the bolt in the through hole on the lower support plate 4, and make the thin rod in the middle of the lengthened rod 3 located in the through hole;

[0076] One end of the lengthened rod 3 located inside the lower support plate 4 is connected to the bolt which needs to be fastened or disassembled through a sleeve;

[0077] S2-3, one end of the lengthened rod 3 located outside the lower support plate 4 is connected to the torque wrench through a sleeve, and the torque wrench is operated to complete the fastening or disassembly of the bolt, and the lower support plate 4 plays a role of supporting the lengthened rod 3 when the bolt is fastened or disassembled;

[0078] S2-4, after the operation of the bolt for connecting the lower end of the coupler 1 and the coupler mounting seat is completed, the lower support plate 4 is removed, and the disassembly operation of the coupler 1 is completed.

[0079] The locomotive coupler disassembly and assembly device and method provided by the present application can avoid disassembling the bogie (disassembling the pipeline connection, cable connection, traction rod, etc.), and at the same time, the requirement for the tooling site is saved, the pit crane is not needed, and the disassembly and assembly time is saved.

[0080] Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, and not to limit them; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing examples, those skilled in the art should understand that: it can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing examples, or make equivalent replacement for part or all of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the present application.

Claims

1. A locomotive coupler disassembly and assembly device, characterized in that: Used to detachably mount the coupler on the coupler mounting seat of the vehicle body by bolts; the disassembly and assembly device includes an upper support plate, an extension rod and a lower support plate; The upper support plate is provided with a groove I for accommodating the upper part of the coupler, and the contour shape of the groove I matches the outer shape of the upper part of the coupler; The lower support plate is provided with a groove II for accommodating the lower part of the coupler, and the contour shape of the groove II matches the outer shape of the lower part of the coupler; The upper support plate and the lower support plate are both provided with through holes capable of allowing the extension rod to pass through; The extension rod is a solid rod structure with thick rods at both ends and a thin rod in the middle. The thick rod at one end is used to be connected to the bolt through a sleeve, and the thick rod at the other end is used to be connected to a torque wrench for disassembling and installing the bolt through a sleeve. The extension rod is used to cooperate with the torque wrench to disassemble and install the bolt connecting the coupler and the coupler mounting seat. The upper support plate and the lower support plate are used to support the extension rod through the through hole. The gap between the coupler and the coupler mounting seat is the installation space; the width of the portion of the upper support plate located on both sides and above the groove I is equal to the width of the gap between the two sides and the upper part of the coupler and the coupler mounting seat, so that the upper support plate can be stuck in the installation space; The width of the portion of the lower support plate located on both sides and below the groove II is equal to the width of the gap between the two sides and the lower part of the coupler and the coupler mounting seat, so that the lower support plate can be stuck in the installation space.

2. The locomotive coupler assembly and disassembly device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gap between the coupler and the coupler mounting seat is the mounting space; The upper support plate is used to be installed in the installation space and clamped to the upper part of the coupler through the groove I, supporting the extension rod passing through the through hole on the upper support plate, and disassembling the bolt used to connect the coupler and the upper end of the coupler mounting seat; The lower support plate is used to be installed in the installation space and clamped to the lower part of the coupler through the groove II, supporting the extension rod passing through the through hole on the lower support plate, and disassembling the bolt used to connect the coupler and the lower end of the coupler mounting seat.

3. The locomotive coupler assembly and disassembly device according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the extension rod is used to disassemble and assemble the bolt, the thick rod at one end is connected to the bolt through a sleeve, and the thick rod at the other end is connected to the torque wrench through a sleeve, and the thin rod in the middle is located in the through hole.

4. The locomotive coupler assembly and disassembly device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top corners on both sides of the top of the upper support plate are processed into chamfers.

5. The locomotive coupler assembly and disassembly device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diameter of the through hole is greater than or equal to the diameter of the thick rod.

6. A locomotive coupler disassembly and assembly method using the locomotive coupler disassembly and assembly device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific steps include: S1. disassembling and assembling the bolt used to connect the coupler and the upper end of the coupler mounting seat; S1-1, installing the upper support plate in the gap between the upper portion of the coupler and the coupler mounting seat, so that the groove I is engaged with the upper portion of the coupler; S1-2, installing the extension rod for disassembling and installing the bolt in the through hole on the upper support plate, so that the thin rod in the middle of the extension rod is located in the through hole; One end of the extension rod located on the inner side of the upper support plate is connected to the bolt that needs to be tightened or removed through a sleeve; S1-3, one end of the extension rod located outside the upper support plate is connected to the torque wrench through a sleeve, and the torque wrench is operated to complete the tightening or removal of the bolt. When tightening or removing the bolt, the upper support plate plays a role in supporting the extension rod; S1-4, after the bolting operation for connecting the coupler and the upper end of the coupler mounting seat is completed, the upper support plate is removed; S2. disassembling and assembling the bolt used to connect the coupler and the lower end of the coupler mounting seat; S2-1, installing the lower support plate in the gap between the lower portion of the coupler and the coupler mounting seat, so that the groove II is engaged with the lower portion of the coupler; S2-2, installing the extension rod for disassembling and installing the bolt in the through hole on the lower support plate, so that the thin rod in the middle of the extension rod is located in the through hole; One end of the extension rod located on the inner side of the lower support plate is connected to the bolt that needs to be tightened or removed through a sleeve; S2-3, one end of the extension rod located outside the lower support plate is connected to the torque wrench through a sleeve, and the torque wrench is operated to complete the tightening or removal of the bolt. When tightening or removing the bolt, the lower support plate plays a role in supporting the extension rod; S2-4. After the bolt operation for connecting the coupler and the lower end of the coupler mounting seat is completed, the lower support plate is withdrawn, thereby completing the disassembly and assembly operation of the coupler.

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