A plant leaf biomimetic material with antifouling self-cleaning and spectral simulation performance and a preparation method thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a plant leaf biomimetic material with antifouling self-cleaning and spectrum simulation performance and a preparation method thereof. The plant leaf biomimetic material comprises, from bottom to top, a first liquid injection super-smooth porous elastomer layer, a hydrogel layer, a camouflage color fabric layer, a hydrogel layer and a second liquid injection super-smooth porous elastomer layer. The liquid injection super-smooth porous elastomer layer is a porous elastomer filled with silicone oil in voids. The first and second liquid injection super-smooth elastomer layers are the same or different. The hydrogel layer is one of a single-network hydrogel or a double-network hydrogel. The color of the camouflage color fabric layer is one of dark green, medium green, yellow green and light green. The plant leaf biomimetic material has excellent plant leaf spectrum simulation effect, can simulate the cell cavity tissue of plants, has antifouling and hydrophobic properties, can maintain excellent plant leaf spectrum simulation effect after rainwater washing, and can realize high-weatherability spectrum simulation.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to a plant leaf biomimetic material with anti-fouling self-cleaning and spectral simulation performance and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of hyperspectral biomimetic camouflage. BACKGROUND

[0002] Hyperspectral imaging technology is a new type of spectrum fusion reconnaissance technology, which can accurately detect reconnaissance camouflage in the visible light to near-infrared band. Traditional camouflage materials only simulate the visible light band spectrum well, and the near-infrared band fitting is poor, making the traditional camouflage technology easy to expose the camouflage target under hyperspectral reconnaissance. Among many combat environments, the jungle is the most commonly used camouflage background in the field of camouflage. In the jungle combat environment, green plant leaves are the most common background. In order to make the camouflage target highly integrated with the jungle background under hyperspectral reconnaissance, the camouflage screen needs to highly fit the spectrum of plant leaves in the visible light to near-infrared band. Research shows that even different plants have similar reflectance spectra in the hyperspectral band, which are called four basic characteristic spectra of plant leaves, which are: "green peak" at 540 nm band; "red edge" at 680-780 nm band; "near-infrared plateau" at 780-1300 nm band; "water absorption valley" at 1450 nm and 1950 nm band.

[0003] Based on the above theory, many scholars have designed and prepared biomimetic materials that simulate the hyperspectral plant spectral curve. Patent CN 116218286A discloses a hyperspectral green paste prepared from green pigment, organic bentonite, dispersant and wetting agent, aiming to meet the needs of hyperspectral camouflage while being environmentally friendly and harmless to humans. Patent CN 115820007 A discloses a visible-near-infrared hyperspectral camouflage water-based system coating prepared from water-based resin, water-absorbing agent, network skeleton, color paste and water-based coating additives, which can simulate the visible and near-infrared spectrum emitted or reflected by plant surfaces, match the color and spectrum of the plant background, and has visible-near-infrared hyperspectral camouflage capability. Patent CN 115746410 A discloses a super-absorbent green leaf biomimetic film prepared from hydroxyl cellulose, polysaccharide, hygroscopic salt and green pigment, which realizes accurate simulation and long-term matching of the spectrum of green plant leaves.

[0004] However, since most of the current hyperspectral camouflage cover does not have anti-fouling performance, in the most representative tropical and subtropical regions in jungle combat environment, the humid and rainy climate characteristics of rainforest bring great test to the durability of camouflage cover. Since plant leaves have natural self-cleaning property, the spectral performance is not changed after rainwater washing, while the washing of rainwater will cause the salt ions in the camouflage material simulating the spectral performance of plant leaves to fall off, greatly affecting the recovery performance of the "water absorption valley" of the camouflage cover, and seriously affecting the service performance of the material. At the same time, the hyperspectral camouflage material is usually hydrophilic to fit the spectral characteristics of the "water absorption valley" of plant leaves, which will cause mud and other stains to easily adhere to the surface of the camouflage material, resulting in poor spectral fitting performance. SUMMARY

[0005] TECHNICAL PROBLEM

[0006] Currently, the camouflage material simulating the spectral performance of plant leaves is mostly hydrophilic material, which causes mud and other stains to easily adhere to the surface of the camouflage material, thereby affecting the spectral fitting performance. In addition, the salt ions in the camouflage material for simulating the "water absorption valley" wave band and playing a hygroscopic role are easily washed off by rainwater. The existing camouflage material also cannot simulate the organizational structure of plant leaves, limiting its bionic effect and camouflage effect.

[0007] TECHNICAL SCHEME

[0008] The present application provides a plant leaf bionic material with anti-fouling self-cleaning and spectral simulation performance and a preparation method thereof. The prepared plant leaf bionic material has anti-fouling performance and durability while obtaining spectral camouflage performance, and the structure is a sandwich structure, as shown in Figure 1 from inside to outside, respectively: camouflage color fabric layer, hydrogel layer, liquid injection super slippery elastomer layer. The function of the camouflage color fabric layer is to simulate the spectrum of plant leaves in the visible light wave band and the organizational structure of plant leaves. The function of the hydrogel layer is to simulate the "water absorption valley" at the 1450nm and 1950nm wave band spectrum, has a water retention effect, and provides adhesion for the composite of the multi-layer material. The function of the liquid injection super slippery elastomer layer is to provide anti-fouling performance and simulate the water exchange channel of the transpiration effect of plant leaves.

[0009] The first object of the present application is a plant leaf bionic material with anti-fouling self-cleaning and spectral simulation performance, which is sequentially from bottom to top: first liquid injection super slippery elastomer layer, hydrogel layer, camouflage color fabric layer, hydrogel layer, second liquid injection super slippery elastomer layer.

[0010] In an embodiment of the present application, the liquid injection super slippery elastomer layer is a porous elastomer filled with silicone oil in the pores.

[0011] In an embodiment of the present application, the first and second liquid injection super-elastic material layers are the same or different.

[0012] In an embodiment of the present application, the hydrogel layer is one of a single network hydrogel or a double network hydrogel.

[0013] In an embodiment of the present application, the color of the camouflage fabric layer is one of dark green, medium green, yellow green, and light green.

[0014] In an embodiment of the present application, the thickness of the liquid injection super-elastic material layer is 0.2-0.7 mm, the thickness of the hydrogel layer is 0.2-1 mm, and the thickness of the camouflage fabric layer is 0.2-1 mm.

[0015] A second object of the present application is to provide a method for preparing the plant leaf biomimetic material as described above, comprising the steps of:

[0016] (1) preparing a camouflage fabric: printing a camouflage color paste on a fabric, pre-drying, baking, and washing to obtain a camouflage fabric;

[0017] (2) preparing a hydrogel precursor solution: dissolving monomers and cross-linking agents in water to obtain a hydrogel precursor solution;

[0018] (3) preparing a porous elastomer: mixing a prepolymer and a curing agent with water, stirring to obtain an elastomer precursor water emulsion, spreading in a mold, vacuum degassing and curing to form a porous film, immersing the porous film in an initiator solution, then taking it out and blowing it dry with nitrogen to obtain a porous elastomer;

[0019] (4) preparing a plant leaf biomimetic material: immersing the camouflage fabric in the hydrogel precursor solution, pouring the hydrogel precursor solution into the mold covered with the porous elastomer, immersing the camouflage fabric immersed in the hydrogel precursor solution, spreading another layer of porous elastomer, taking it out of the mold after ultraviolet irradiation, immersing it in a calcium chloride solution, and then placing it in a constant temperature and humidity environment to obtain a composite material; immersing the composite material in silicone oil, removing the excess silicone oil, and obtaining a plant leaf biomimetic material.

[0020] In an embodiment of the present application, in step (1), the fabric material is one of polyester-cotton blended fabric, pure polyester, and pure cotton.

[0021] In an embodiment of the present application, in step (1), the fabric structure is a 3D spacer fabric.

[0022] In an embodiment of the present application, in step (1), the fabric is subjected to heat setting treatment before printing, with a heat setting temperature of 100-190℃ and a heat setting time of 1-5 min.

[0023] In an embodiment of the present application, in step (1), the color of the camouflage color paste is one of dark green, medium green, yellow green, and light green.

[0024] In an embodiment of the present application, in step (1), the preparation method of the camouflage color paste is mixing the dye, thickening agent, and water, and stirring uniformly.

[0025] In an embodiment of the present application, in step (1), the thickening agent of the camouflage color paste is one or more of inorganic thickening agent, cellulose, polyacrylate, and associated polyurethane thickening agent.

[0026] In an embodiment of the present application, in step (1), the concentration of the dye of the camouflage color paste is 0.5-1.5 wt%, and the concentration of the thickening agent is 3-9 wt%.

[0027] In an embodiment of the present application, in step (1), the dye is a disperse dye.

[0028] In an embodiment of the present application, in step (1), the printing method of the printing is printing 1-2 times by using a magnetic rod printing.

[0029] In an embodiment of the present application, in step (1), the pre-baking temperature is 90-110°C, the pre-baking time is 5-10 min, the baking temperature is 160-200°C, and the baking time is 1-4 min.

[0030] In an embodiment of the present application, in step (1), one round of rolling of the magnetic rod is defined as one printing.

[0031] In an embodiment of the present application, in step (1), the cleaning is reduction cleaning, the concentration of NaOH of the reduction cleaning solution is 0.5-1.5 g / L, the concentration of the safety powder is 1-3 g / L, the reduction cleaning temperature is 70-90°C, and the reduction cleaning time is 10-20 min.

[0032] In an embodiment of the present application, in step (2), the monomer is one or more of acrylamide, sodium alginate, chitosan, and ethylene glycol diacrylate.

[0033] In an embodiment of the present application, in step (2), the crosslinking agent is N,N'-methylene bisacrylamide.

[0034] In an embodiment of the present application, in step (2), the photoinitiator is photoinitiator-2959.

[0035] In an embodiment of the present application, in step (2), the total concentration of the monomer of the hydrogel precursor solution is 5-20 g / 100 mL, the concentration of the crosslinking agent is 0.03-0.05 g / 100 mL, and the concentration of the photoinitiator is 0.3-0.5 g / 100 mL.

[0036] In one embodiment of the present application, in step (2), the stirring temperature is 20-30℃, the stirring speed is 500-1500 rpm, and the stirring time is 2-4 h.

[0037] In one embodiment of the present application, in step (2), the monomers are acrylamide and sodium alginate, the acrylamide concentration in the hydrogel precursor solution is 9-15 g / 100 mL, and the sodium alginate concentration is 2-5 g / 100 mL.

[0038] In one embodiment of the present application, in step (3), the prepolymer is Dow Corning 184 prepolymer.

[0039] In one embodiment of the present application, in step (3), the curing agent is Dow Corning 184 curing agent.

[0040] In one embodiment of the present application, in step (3), the mass ratio of the prepolymer to the crosslinking agent is 8-12:1, and the amount of water is 6-10% of the total mass of the prepolymer and the crosslinking agent.

[0041] In one embodiment of the present application, in step (3), the stirring temperature is 20-30℃, the stirring speed is 500-1500 rpm, and the stirring time is 0.5-2 h.

[0042] In one embodiment of the present application, in step (3), the vacuum degassing time of the elastomer precursor water emulsion is 20-40 min.

[0043] In one embodiment of the present application, in step (3), the curing temperature is 50-70℃, and the curing time is 3-5 h.

[0044] In one embodiment of the present application, in step (3), the thickness of the porous film is 0.2-2 mm.

[0045] In one embodiment of the present application, in step (3), the initiator is one of benzophenone, 4-methylbenzophenone, benzoyl peroxide, photoinitiator-2959, ammonium persulfate, and potassium persulfate.

[0046] In one embodiment of the present application, in step (3), the solvent of the initiator solution is one of ethanol and acetone.

[0047] In one embodiment of the present application, in step (3), the initiator concentration of the initiator solution is 5-15 wt%, and the soaking time is 20-40 min.

[0048] In one embodiment of the present application, in step (4), the concentration of the calcium chloride solution is 15-25 wt%, and the soaking time is 5-15 min.

[0049] In one embodiment of the present application, in step (4), the temperature for constant temperature and humidity placement is 20-30℃, the humidity is 50-70% RH, and the placement time is 4-8h.

[0050] In one embodiment of the present application, in step (4), the viscosity of the silicone oil at 25℃ is 3-500cSt.

[0051] In one embodiment of the present application, in step (4), the liquid pick-up rate of the camouflage fabric for impregnating the hydrogel precursor solution is 75-100%.

[0052] In one embodiment of the present application, in step (4), the immersion position of the camouflage fabric for impregnating the hydrogel precursor solution is the middle section of the height of the hydrogel precursor solution. In one embodiment of the present application, in step (4), the spreading basis weight of the hydrogel precursor solution in the mold is 100-300g / m 2 .

[0053] In one embodiment of the present application, in step (4), the wavelength for ultraviolet irradiation is 300-400nm, the time for ultraviolet irradiation is 1-3h, the intensity for ultraviolet irradiation is 20-50w, and the distance for ultraviolet irradiation is 4-20cm.

[0054] In one embodiment of the present application, in step (4), the irradiation angle of the ultraviolet light is changed during the process of ultraviolet irradiation, so as to uniformly solidify the hydrogel precursor solution.

[0055] In one embodiment of the present application, in step (4), the silicone oil impregnation time is 2-8min.

[0056] In one embodiment of the present application, in step (4), the method for removing the silicone oil is vertical standing, and the vertical standing time is 15-45min.

[0057] A third object of the present application is to provide the application of the above-mentioned plant leaf biomimetic material.

[0058] In one embodiment of the present application, the application of the above-mentioned plant leaf biomimetic material includes shelter, military camouflage, and counteracting hyperspectral detection.

[0059]

Advantages

[0060] The plant leaf biomimetic material of the present application simulates the visible light spectrum of plant leaves by printing camouflage color, and utilizes the moisture retention characteristics of hydrogel to simulate the "moisture absorption valley" at the 1450nm and 1950nm wave bands, thereby achieving excellent plant leaf spectrum simulation effect. The plant leaf biomimetic material can be used as a counter-hyperspectral reconnaissance camouflage screen to effectively improve the hyperspectral stealth performance of a camouflage target in a jungle background.

[0061] The plant leaf biomimetic material of the present application simulates the three-dimensional morphology of plant leaves by using the spatial structure of 3D spacer fabric, simulates the retention of water in leaf tissues by using hydrogel, has a porous structure, has good waterproof and moisture permeable performance, provides support similar to the veins of plant leaves, and simulates the water conducting function of leaf veins, simulates the transpiration of leaves, and achieves more realistic leaf simulation effect.

[0062] The calcium ions in the acrylamide / sodium alginate double network hydrogel of the present application play an important role in the adsorption and desorption of water, so that the plant leaf biomimetic material better simulates the transpiration of leaves.

[0063] Due to the antifouling effect of the liquid injection super-slip elastomer layer, the spectral performance of the plant leaf biomimetic material of the present application is not affected by rainwater washing, ensuring that its spectral simulation performance has high weather resistance in actual environment.

[0064] The preparation method of the present application is simple, green and environmentally friendly, and is suitable for industrialization. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0065] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a plant leaf biomimetic material.

[0066] Figure 2 is the spectral curve of the plant leaf of Example 1, Comparative Examples 1, 2 and the plant leaf after rainwater washing. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0067] TEST METHOD

[0068] Visible-near infrared spectrum: after 250ml tap water is washed for 60s, the Example 1, Comparative Examples 1, 2 and plant leaves are treated in a constant temperature and humidity box at a temperature of 25℃ and a humidity of 60%RH for 12h, and then the spectrum of the 300-2500nm wave band is tested by using a PerkinElmer Lambda 950 ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer.

[0069] Example 1

[0070] A preparation method of a plant leaf biomimetic material with antifouling self-cleaning and spectral simulation performance, comprising the steps of:

[0071] (1) preparing a camouflage color fabric:

[0072] The camouflage color paste is prepared by adding dispersing yellow, dispersing red, dispersing blue and thickening agent into water, and stirring until no particles and thick paste are obtained. The concentration of dispersing yellow is 0.25 wt%, the concentration of dispersing red is 0.3 wt%, the concentration of dispersing blue is 0.37 wt%, and the concentration of thickening agent is 6 wt%.

[0073] The magnetic rod printing is performed on the pure cotton 3D spacer fabric. The printing frame is fixed to the magnetic rod printing machine, and the travel distance and magnetic force of the magnetic rod are adjusted to adapt to the selected printing frame. After the magnetic rod printing machine is debugged, the 3D spacer fabric is placed under the printing frame in the warp direction, and the camouflage color paste is applied to one side of the magnetic rod. The camouflage color paste is printed once under the rolling of the magnetic rod to obtain the printed 3D spacer fabric.

[0074] The printed 3D spacer fabric is pre-dried in an oven at 100°C for 5 min to dry, and is placed in a curing machine at 170°C for 2 min.

[0075] The printed 3D spacer fabric is pre-dried in an oven at 100°C for 5 min to dry, and is placed in a curing machine at 170°C for 2 min.

[0076] (2) Preparation of hydrogel precursor solution:

[0077] Sodium alginate 4 g, acrylamide 13 g, N,N'-methylene bisacrylamide 0.03 g, and photoinitiator-2959 0.3 g are dissolved in 100 mL of water, and stirred at room temperature with a magnetic stirrer at 900 rpm for 3 h to prepare a hydrogel precursor solution.

[0078] (3) Preparation of porous elastomer:

[0079] Dow Corning 184 prepolymer and Dow Corning 184 curing agent are mixed and stirred uniformly at a mass ratio of 10:1, and 8 wt% water is added. The mixture is stirred at room temperature with a magnetic stirrer at 900 rpm for 1 h to prepare an elastomer precursor water emulsion.

[0080] The elastomer precursor water emulsion is spread in a mold, vacuum degassed for 30 min, and cured at 60°C for 4 h to form a porous film with a thickness of 1 mm.

[0081] The porous film is soaked in a 10 wt% benzophenone ethanol solution for 30 min, washed with ethanol three times, and dried by nitrogen blowing to obtain a porous elastomer.

[0082] (4) Preparation of plant leaf biomimetic material:

[0083] The camouflage fabric is immersed in the hydrogel precursor solution with a liquid retention rate of 90%.

[0084] The hydrogel precursor solution was poured into a quartz glass mold covered with a porous elastomer, spread to a grammage of 100 g / m 2 , the camouflage color fabric immersed in the impregnated hydrogel precursor solution, another layer of porous elastomer was spread, the quartz glass plate was covered, irradiated with 36w 365nm ultraviolet light for 2h, the irradiation distance was 10cm, the sample was taken out from the mold, soaked in a 20wt% calcium chloride solution for 10min, and placed in a constant temperature and humidity box at 25℃, 60%RH for 6h to obtain the composite material.

[0085] The composite material was immersed in silicon oil with a viscosity of 3cSt for 5min, and after taking out, it was vertically placed for 30min to remove the excess silicon oil, and the plant leaf biomimetic material was obtained.

[0086] The thickness of the liquid injection super-smooth elastomer layer of the prepared plant leaf biomimetic material was 0.4mm, the thickness of the hydrogel layer was 0.6mm, and the thickness of the camouflage color fabric layer was 0.6mm.

[0087] Example 2

[0088] A method for preparing a plant leaf biomimetic material with antifouling self-cleaning and spectral simulation performance, comprising the steps of:

[0089] (1) Preparation of camouflage color fabric:

[0090] Magnetic rod printing was performed on pure polyester 3D spacer fabric, the printing frame was fixed to the magnetic rod printing machine, and the travel distance and magnetic force of the magnetic rod were adjusted to adapt to the selected printing frame; after adjusting the magnetic rod printing machine, the 3D spacer fabric was placed under the printing frame in the warp direction, and a commercially available medium green printing paste was applied to one side of the magnetic rod. The medium green printing paste was printed once under the rolling of the magnetic rod to obtain printed 3D spacer fabric.

[0091] The printed 3D spacer fabric was dried in an oven at 100℃ for 5min, and then placed in a curing machine at 170℃ for 2min.

[0092] The printed 3D spacer fabric was dried in an oven at 100℃ for 5min, and then placed in a curing machine at 170℃ for 2min.

[0093] (2) Preparation of hydrogel precursor solution:

[0094] Sodium alginate 4g, acrylamide 13g, N,N'-methylene bisacrylamide 0.03g, and photoinitiator-2959 0.3g were dissolved in 100mL water, stirred at 900rpm with a magnetic stirrer at room temperature for 3h to prepare the hydrogel precursor solution.

[0095] (3) Preparation of porous elastomer:

[0096] Mixing and stirring evenly the mixture of Dow Corning 184 prepolymer and Dow Corning 184 curing agent with mass ratio of 10:1, adding 8wt% water in the mixture, stirring with magnetic stirrer at room temperature for 1h at 900rpm, to prepare the elastomer precursor aqueous emulsion.

[0097] Spreading the elastomer precursor aqueous emulsion in the mold, vacuum degassing for 30min, curing at 60℃ for 4h, to form a porous film with thickness of 1mm.

[0098] Immersion of the porous film in the benzophenone ethanol solution with concentration of 10wt% for 30min, washing with ethanol for three times, nitrogen blowing to dryness, to obtain the porous elastomer.

[0099] (4) Preparation of plant leaf biomimetic material:

[0100] Immersion of the camouflage color fabric with the hydrogel precursor solution, with liquid rate of 90%.

[0101] Pouring the hydrogel precursor solution into the quartz glass mold covering the porous elastomer, spreading the weight of 100g / m 2 , immersing the camouflage color fabric immersed in the hydrogel precursor solution, spreading another layer of porous elastomer, covering the quartz glass plate, irradiating with 36w 365nm ultraviolet light for 2h, the irradiation distance of 10cm, taking out the sample from the mold, immersing in the calcium chloride solution with concentration of 20wt% for 10min, placing in the constant temperature and humidity box at 25℃, 60%RH for 6h, to obtain the composite material.

[0102] Immersion of the composite material in the silicon oil with viscosity of 5cSt for 5min, vertical standing for 30min after taking out to remove the excess silicon oil, to obtain the plant leaf biomimetic material.

[0103] Example 3

[0104] A method for preparing a plant leaf biomimetic material with antifouling self-cleaning and spectral simulation performance, comprising the steps of:

[0105] (1) Preparation of camouflage color fabric:

[0106] Screen printing on the polyester-cotton blended fabric, covering the printing frame above the fabric, applying the commercially available yellow-green paste on one side of the printing frame, manually scraping the paste twice with a scraper, to obtain the printed fabric.

[0107] Pre-drying the printed fabric in the oven at 100℃ for 5min to dryness, placing in the curing machine for curing at 160℃ for 2min.

[0108] Rinsing with flowing water, natural air drying, to obtain the camouflage color fabric.

[0109] (2) Preparation of hydrogel precursor solution:

[0110] Aqueous gel precursor solution was prepared by dissolving 3 g of sodium alginate, 14 g of acrylamide, 0.03 g of N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide and 0.3 g of photoinitiator-2959 in 100 mL of water, and stirring at 1000 rpm with a magnetic stirrer at 28°C for 2.5 h.

[0111] (3) Preparation of porous elastomer:

[0112] The Dow Corning 184 prepolymer and the Dow Corning 184 curing agent were mixed at a mass ratio of 12:1, and 10 wt% of water was added. The mixture was stirred at 800 rpm with a magnetic stirrer at room temperature for 1.5 h to obtain an aqueous emulsion of elastomer precursor.

[0113] The aqueous emulsion of elastomer precursor was spread in a mold, vacuum degassed for 20 min, and cured at 70°C for 4 h to form a porous film with a thickness of 1.2 mm.

[0114] The porous film was immersed in a benzophenone ethanol solution with a concentration of 12 wt% for 25 min, washed with ethanol three times, and dried by nitrogen blowing to obtain a porous elastomer.

[0115] (4) Preparation of plant leaf biomimetic material:

[0116] The camouflage fabric was immersed in the aqueous gel precursor solution with a liquid retention rate of 90%.

[0117] The aqueous gel precursor solution was poured into a quartz glass mold covered with porous elastomer, spread at a grammage of 280 g / m 2 , immersed in the camouflage fabric immersed in the aqueous gel precursor solution, and another layer of porous elastomer was spread on top. The quartz glass plate was covered and irradiated with 36 w of 365 nm ultraviolet light for 2 h at a distance of 10 cm. The sample was removed from the mold, immersed in a calcium chloride solution with a concentration of 20 wt% for 10 min, and placed in a constant temperature and humidity chamber at 25°C and 60% RH for 6 h to obtain a composite material.

[0118] The composite material was immersed in silicon oil with a viscosity of 200 cSt for 7 min, and after removal, it was vertically placed for 40 min to remove excess silicon oil to obtain a plant leaf biomimetic material.

[0119] Example 4

[0120] A method for preparing a plant leaf biomimetic material with antifouling and self-cleaning properties and spectral simulation performance, comprising the steps of:

[0121] (1) Preparation of camouflage fabric:

[0122] The camouflage color paste is prepared by adding dispersing yellow, dispersing red, dispersing blue and thickening agent into water, and stirring until no particles and thick paste are obtained. The concentration of dispersing yellow is 0.16 wt%, the concentration of dispersing red is 0.20 wt%, the concentration of dispersing blue is 0.24 wt%, and the concentration of thickening agent is 8 wt%.

[0123] The magnetic rod printing is performed on the pure cotton 3D spacer fabric. The printing frame is fixed to the magnetic rod printing machine, and the running distance and magnetic force of the magnetic rod are adjusted to adapt to the selected printing frame. After the magnetic rod printing machine is debugged, the 3D spacer fabric is placed under the printing frame in the warp direction, and the camouflage color paste is applied to one side of the magnetic rod. The camouflage color paste is printed once under the rolling of the magnetic rod to obtain the printed 3D spacer fabric.

[0124] The printed 3D spacer fabric is pre-dried in a 95℃ oven for 7min to dryness, and is placed in a curing machine at 200℃ for 1min.

[0125] The printed 3D spacer fabric is pre-dried in a 95℃ oven for 7min to dryness, and is placed in a curing machine at 200℃ for 1min.

[0126] (2) Preparation of hydrogel precursor solution:

[0127] Sodium alginate 4g, acrylamide 13g, N,N'-methylene bisacrylamide 0.03g, and photoinitiator-2959 0.3g are dissolved in 100mL water. The mixture is stirred at 900rpm by a magnetic stirrer at room temperature for 3h to prepare the hydrogel precursor solution.

[0128] (3) Preparation of porous elastomer:

[0129] Dow Corning 184 prepolymer and Dow Corning 184 curing agent are mixed at a mass ratio of 10:1, and 8wt% water is added. The mixture is stirred at 900rpm by a magnetic stirrer at room temperature for 1h to prepare the elastomer precursor water emulsion.

[0130] The elastomer precursor water emulsion is spread in a mold, vacuum degassed for 30min, and cured at 60℃ for 4h to form a porous film with a thickness of 1mm.

[0131] The porous film is immersed in a 10wt% benzophenone ethanol solution for 30min, washed with ethanol three times, and dried by nitrogen blowing to obtain the porous elastomer.

[0132] (4) Preparation of plant leaf biomimetic material:

[0133] The camouflage fabric is immersed in the hydrogel precursor solution with a liquid retention rate of 90%.

[0134] The hydrogel precursor solution was poured into a quartz glass mold covered with a porous elastomer, spread at a grammage of 100 g / m 2 , the camouflage colored fabric immersed in the impregnated hydrogel precursor solution, another layer of porous elastomer was spread, the quartz glass plate was covered, irradiated with 36w 365nm ultraviolet light for 2h, the irradiation distance was 10cm, the sample was taken out from the mold, soaked in a 20wt% calcium chloride solution for 10min, placed in a constant temperature and humidity box at 25℃, 60%RH for 6h, and a composite material was obtained.

[0135] The composite material was immersed in silicon oil with a viscosity of 20cSt for 5min, and after taking out, it was vertically placed for 30min to remove the excess silicon oil, and a plant leaf biomimetic material was obtained.

[0136] Example 5

[0137] A method for preparing a plant leaf biomimetic material with antifouling self-cleaning and spectral simulation performance, comprising the steps of:

[0138] (1) Preparation of camouflage colored fabric:

[0139] The camouflage color paste was prepared by adding dispersed yellow, dispersed red, dispersed blue and thickening agent into water, stirring until no particles and thick paste, the concentration of dispersed yellow was 0.30wt%, the concentration of dispersed red was 0.36wt%, the concentration of dispersed blue was 0.44wt%, and the concentration of thickening agent was 5wt%.

[0140] Magnetic rod printing was carried out on pure cotton 3D spacer fabric, the printing frame was fixed to the magnetic rod printing machine, and the travel distance and magnetic force of the magnetic rod were adjusted to adapt to the selected printing frame; after adjusting the magnetic rod printing machine, the 3D spacer fabric was placed under the printing frame in the warp direction, the camouflage color paste was applied to one side of the magnetic rod, and the camouflage color paste was printed once under the rolling of the magnetic rod to obtain printed 3D spacer fabric.

[0141] The printed 3D spacer fabric was dried in an oven at 110℃ for 8min, and then was placed in a curing machine at 175℃ for 2.5min.

[0142] Reduction cleaning was carried out to wash off the floating color of the printed 3D spacer fabric, 1.5g NaOH and 3g sodium hydrosulfite were dissolved in 1L deionized water to prepare a reduction cleaning solution, and the printed 3D spacer fabric was cleaned in a water bath at 70℃ for 10min, and then was dried to obtain the camouflage colored fabric.

[0143] (2) Preparation of hydrogel precursor solution:

[0144] 4g of sodium alginate, 13g of acrylamide, 0.03g of N,N'-methylene bisacrylamide and 0.3g of photoinitiator-2959 were dissolved in 100mL of water, and the mixture was stirred at room temperature with a magnetic stirrer at 900rpm for 3h to prepare the hydrogel precursor solution.

[0145] (3) Preparation of porous elastomer:

[0146] Mixing Dow Corning 184 prepolymer and Dow Corning 184 curing agent at a mass ratio of 10:1, adding 8wt% water to the mixture, stirring at 900 rpm with a magnetic stirrer at room temperature for 1 h, and preparing an elastomer precursor water emulsion.

[0147] Spread the elastomer precursor water emulsion in the mold, vacuum degassing for 30 min, and curing at 60°C for 4 h to form a porous film with a thickness of 1 mm.

[0148] Soak the porous film in a 10wt% benzophenone ethanol solution for 30 min, wash with ethanol three times, and dry with nitrogen to obtain a porous elastomer.

[0149] (4) Preparation of plant leaf biomimetic material:

[0150] Immerse the camouflage color fabric in the hydrogel precursor solution with a liquid rate of 90%.

[0151] Pour the hydrogel precursor solution into a quartz glass mold covered with porous elastomer, spread the porous elastomer with a grammage of 100 g / m 2 , immerse the camouflage color fabric immersed in the hydrogel precursor solution, and spread another layer of porous elastomer, cover the quartz glass plate, and irradiate with 36w 365nm ultraviolet light for 2h, the irradiation distance is 10cm, take out the sample from the mold, soak in a 20wt% calcium chloride solution for 10min, and place in a constant temperature and humidity box at 25°C, 60% RH for 6h, to obtain a composite material.

[0152] Immerse the composite material in silicon oil with a viscosity of 50cSt for 5min, and remove the excess silicon oil after vertical standing for 30min to obtain a plant leaf biomimetic material.

[0153] Example 6

[0154] A method for preparing a plant leaf biomimetic material with antifouling self-cleaning and spectral simulation performance, comprising the steps of:

[0155] (1) Preparation of camouflage color fabric:

[0156] Prepare the camouflage color paste by adding dispersed yellow, dispersed red, dispersed blue, and thickening agent to water, stirring until the slurry is uniform and viscous, the concentration of dispersed yellow is 0.25wt%, the concentration of dispersed red is 0.3wt%, the concentration of dispersed blue is 0.37wt%, and the concentration of thickening agent is 6wt%.

[0157] The magnetic rod printing is performed on the pure cotton 3D spacer fabric. A printing frame is fixed to the magnetic rod printing machine. The running distance and magnetic force of the magnetic rod are adjusted to adapt to the selected printing frame. After the magnetic rod printing machine is debugged, the 3D spacer fabric is placed under the printing frame in the warp direction. The camouflage color paste is applied to one side of the magnetic rod. The camouflage color paste is printed once under the rolling of the magnetic rod to obtain the printed 3D spacer fabric.

[0158] The printed 3D spacer fabric is dried in a 100℃ oven for 5min, and is placed in a curing machine at 170℃ for 2min.

[0159] The printed 3D spacer fabric is dried in a 100℃ oven for 5min, and is placed in a curing machine at 170℃ for 2min.

[0160] (2) Preparation of hydrogel precursor solution:

[0161] Sodium alginate 2g, acrylamide 15g, N,N'-methylene bisacrylamide 0.04g are dissolved in 100mL water. The mixture is stirred at 1400rpm by a magnetic stirrer at room temperature for 2h to prepare the hydrogel precursor solution.

[0162] (3) Preparation of porous elastomer:

[0163] Dow Corning 184 prepolymer and Dow Corning 184 curing agent are mixed and stirred uniformly at a mass ratio of 10:1. 8wt% water is added to the mixture. The mixture is stirred at 900rpm by a magnetic stirrer at room temperature for 1h to prepare the elastomer precursor water emulsion.

[0164] The elastomer precursor water emulsion is spread in a mold. Vacuum degassing is performed for 30min. Curing is performed at 60℃ for 4h to form a porous film with a thickness of 1mm.

[0165] The porous film is immersed in a 10wt% benzophenone ethanol solution for 30min. The porous film is washed with ethanol for three times. Nitrogen blowing is performed until the porous film is dried to obtain the porous elastomer.

[0166] (4) Preparation of plant leaf biomimetic material:

[0167] The camouflage fabric is immersed in the hydrogel precursor solution with a liquid retention rate of 90%.

[0168] The hydrogel precursor solution is poured into a quartz glass mold covering the porous elastomer. The solution is spread to have a grammage of 100g / m 2, the camouflage color fabric immersed in the hydrogel precursor solution, then laid another layer of porous elastomer, covered with a quartz glass plate, irradiated with 36w 365nm ultraviolet light for 2h, the irradiation distance was 10cm, the sample was taken out of the mold, immersed in a 20wt% calcium chloride solution for 10min, placed in a constant temperature and humidity box at 25℃, 60%RH for 6h, to obtain the composite material.

[0169] The composite material was immersed in silicon oil with a viscosity of 100cSt for 5min, and after taking out, it was vertically placed for 30min to remove the excess silicon oil, and the plant leaf biomimetic material was obtained.

[0170] Example 7

[0171] A method for preparing a plant leaf biomimetic material with antifouling self-cleaning and spectral simulation performance, comprising the steps of:

[0172] (1) preparing a camouflage color fabric:

[0173] A camouflage color paste was prepared by adding disperse yellow, disperse red, disperse blue and thickening agent into water and stirring until no particles and thick uniform paste was obtained, the concentration of disperse yellow was 0.25wt%, the concentration of disperse red was 0.3wt%, the concentration of disperse blue was 0.37wt%, and the concentration of thickening agent was 6wt%.

[0174] Magnetic rod printing was performed on the pure cotton 3D spacer fabric, the printing frame was fixed to the magnetic rod printing machine, and the travel distance and magnetic force of the magnetic rod were adjusted to adapt to the selected printing frame; after the magnetic rod printing machine was debugged, the 3D spacer fabric was placed under the printing frame in the warp direction, the camouflage color paste was applied to one side of the magnetic rod, and the camouflage color paste was printed once under the rolling of the magnetic rod to obtain the printed 3D spacer fabric.

[0175] The printed 3D spacer fabric was dried in a 100℃ oven for 5min, and then was placed in a curing machine and cured at 170℃ for 2min.

[0176] Reduction cleaning was performed to wash off the floating color of the printed 3D spacer fabric, 1g of NaOH and 2g of sodium hydrosulfite were dissolved in 1L of deionized water to prepare a reduction cleaning solution, and the printed 3D spacer fabric was cleaned in an 80℃ water bath for 20min and then was dried to obtain the camouflage color fabric.

[0177] (2) preparation of hydrogel precursor solution:

[0178] Sodium alginate 3g, acrylamide 14g and N,N'-methylene bisacrylamide 0.05g were dissolved in 100mL of water, and the mixture was stirred at room temperature with a magnetic stirrer at 1200rpm for 2h to prepare the hydrogel precursor solution.

[0179] (3) preparation of porous elastomer:

[0180] Mixing and stirring evenly the mixture of Dow Corning 184 prepolymer and Dow Corning 184 curing agent with the mass ratio of 10:1, adding 8wt% water in the mixture, stirring at 900rpm with a magnetic stirrer at room temperature for 1h, to prepare the elastomer precursor aqueous emulsion.

[0181] Spreading the elastomer precursor aqueous emulsion in the mold, vacuum degassing for 30min, curing at 60℃ for 4h, to form a porous film with a thickness of 1mm.

[0182] Immersion of the porous film in a benzophenone ethanol solution with a concentration of 10wt% for 30min, washing with ethanol for three times, nitrogen blowing to dryness, to obtain the porous elastomer.

[0183] (4) Preparation of plant leaf biomimetic material:

[0184] Immersion of the camouflage color fabric with the water gel precursor solution with a liquid rate of 90%.

[0185] Pouring the water gel precursor solution into the quartz glass mold covering the porous elastomer, spreading the porous elastomer with a grammage of 150g / m 2 , immersing the camouflage color fabric immersed in the water gel precursor solution, spreading another layer of porous elastomer, covering the quartz glass plate, irradiating with 36w 365nm ultraviolet light for 2h, irradiation distance 10cm, taking out the sample from the mold, immersing in a calcium chloride solution with a concentration of 20wt% for 10min, placing in a constant temperature and humidity box at 25℃, 60%RH for 6h, to obtain the composite material.

[0186] Immersion of the composite material in silicon oil with a viscosity of 100cSt for 5min, vertical standing for 30min after taking out to remove the excess silicon oil, to obtain the plant leaf biomimetic material.

[0187] Example 8

[0188] A method for preparing a plant leaf biomimetic material with antifouling self-cleaning and spectral simulation performance, comprising the steps of:

[0189] (1) Preparation of camouflage color fabric:

[0190] Preparation of camouflage color paste, adding disperse yellow, disperse red, disperse blue and thickening agent into water, stirring until no particles, viscous uniform slurry, disperse yellow concentration 0.25wt%, disperse red concentration 0.3wt%, disperse blue concentration 0.37wt%, thickening agent 6wt%.

[0191] The magnetic rod printing is performed on the pure cotton 3D spacer fabric. A printing frame is fixed to the magnetic rod printing machine. The travel distance and magnetic force of the magnetic rod are adjusted to adapt to the selected printing frame. After the magnetic rod printing machine is debugged, the 3D spacer fabric is placed under the printing frame in the warp direction. The camouflage color paste is applied to one side of the magnetic rod. The camouflage color paste is printed once under the rolling of the magnetic rod. The printed 3D spacer fabric is obtained.

[0192] The printed 3D spacer fabric is dried in a 100℃ oven for 5min, and is placed in a curing machine at 170℃ for 2min.

[0193] The printed 3D spacer fabric is washed to remove the floating color. 1g of NaOH and 2g of sodium hydrosulfite are dissolved in 1L of deionized water to prepare a reducing cleaning solution. The solution is cleaned in a 80℃ water bath for 20min. The dried product is a camouflage fabric.

[0194] (2) Preparation of hydrogel precursor solution:

[0195] 5g of sodium alginate, 10g of acrylamide, 0.03g of N,N'-methylene bisacrylamide, and 0.3g of photoinitiator-2959 are dissolved in 100mL of water. The solution is stirred at 800rpm by a magnetic stirrer at room temperature for 4h to prepare a hydrogel precursor solution.

[0196] (3) Preparation of porous elastomer:

[0197] The mixture of Dow Corning 184 prepolymer and Dow Corning 184 curing agent is mixed at a mass ratio of 10:1. 8wt% of water is added. The mixture is stirred at 900rpm by a magnetic stirrer at room temperature for 1h to prepare an elastomer precursor water emulsion.

[0198] The elastomer precursor water emulsion is spread in a mold. The mold is vacuum degassed for 30min. The mold is cured at 60℃ for 4h to form a porous film with a thickness of 1mm.

[0199] The porous film is immersed in a 10wt% benzophenone ethanol solution for 30min. The film is washed with ethanol three times. The film is dried by nitrogen blowing to obtain a porous elastomer.

[0200] (4) Preparation of plant leaf biomimetic material:

[0201] The camouflage fabric is immersed in the hydrogel precursor solution with a liquid retention rate of 90%.

[0202] The hydrogel precursor solution is poured into a quartz glass mold covering the porous elastomer. The solution is spread at a grammage of 200g / m 2, the camouflage color fabric immersed in the hydrogel precursor solution, then laid another layer of porous elastomer, covered with a quartz glass plate, irradiated with 36w 365nm ultraviolet light for 2h, the irradiation distance was 10cm, the sample was taken out of the mold, immersed in a 20wt% calcium chloride solution for 10min, placed in a constant temperature and humidity box at 25℃, 60%RH for 6h, to obtain the composite material.

[0203] The composite material was immersed in silicon oil with a viscosity of 100cSt for 5min, and after taking out, it was vertically placed for 30min to remove the excess silicon oil, and the plant leaf biomimetic material was obtained.

[0204] Example 9

[0205] A method for preparing a plant leaf biomimetic material with antifouling self-cleaning and spectral simulation performance, comprising the steps of:

[0206] (1) preparing a camouflage color fabric:

[0207] A camouflage color paste was prepared by adding disperse yellow, disperse red, disperse blue and thickening agent into water and stirring until no particles and thick uniform paste was obtained, the concentration of disperse yellow was 0.25wt%, the concentration of disperse red was 0.3wt%, the concentration of disperse blue was 0.37wt%, and the concentration of thickening agent was 6wt%.

[0208] Magnetic rod printing was performed on pure cotton 3D spacer fabric, the printing frame was fixed to the magnetic rod printing machine, and the travel distance and magnetic force of the magnetic rod were adjusted to adapt to the selected printing frame; after the magnetic rod printing machine was adjusted, the 3D spacer fabric was placed under the printing frame in the warp direction, the camouflage color paste was applied to one side of the magnetic rod, and the camouflage color paste was printed once under the rolling of the magnetic rod to obtain printed 3D spacer fabric.

[0209] The printed 3D spacer fabric was dried in an oven at 100℃ for 5min, and then was placed in a curing machine and cured at 170℃ for 2min.

[0210] Reduction cleaning was performed to wash off the floating color of the printed 3D spacer fabric, 1g of NaOH and 2g of sodium hydrosulfite were dissolved in 1L of deionized water to prepare a reduction cleaning solution, and the cleaning was performed in a water bath at 80℃ for 20min, and then the fabric was dried to obtain the camouflage color fabric.

[0211] (2) preparation of hydrogel precursor solution:

[0212] 4.5g of sodium alginate, 8g of acrylamide, 0.03g of N,N'-methylene bisacrylamide and 0.3g of photoinitiator-2959 were dissolved in 100mL of water, and the mixture was stirred at room temperature with a magnetic stirrer at 600rpm for 4h to prepare the hydrogel precursor solution.

[0213] (3) preparation of porous elastomer:

[0214] The mixture of the Dow Corning 184 prepolymer and the Dow Corning 184 curing agent was mixed at a mass ratio of 10:1, 8wt% water was added, and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 1h at 900rpm using a magnetic stirrer to prepare an elastomer precursor aqueous emulsion.

[0215] The elastomer precursor aqueous emulsion was spread in a mold, vacuum degassed for 30min, and cured at 60°C for 4h to form a porous film with a thickness of 1mm.

[0216] The porous film was immersed in a 10wt% benzophenone ethanol solution for 30min, washed with ethanol three times, and dried by nitrogen blowing to obtain a porous elastomer.

[0217] (4) Preparation of a plant leaf biomimetic material:

[0218] The camouflage color fabric was immersed in the hydrogel precursor solution with a liquid retention rate of 90%.

[0219] The hydrogel precursor solution was poured into a quartz glass mold covered with the porous elastomer, spread at a grammage of 250g / m 2 The camouflage color fabric immersed in the hydrogel precursor solution was placed on the porous elastomer, and another layer of porous elastomer was spread on top, and the quartz glass plate was covered, and the sample was irradiated with 36w 365nm ultraviolet light for 2h at a distance of 10cm, and then the sample was removed from the mold, immersed in a 20wt% calcium chloride solution for 10min, and placed in a constant temperature and humidity box at 25°C and 60% RH for 6h to obtain a composite material.

[0220] The composite material was immersed in silicon oil with a viscosity of 200cSt for 5min, and then vertically placed for 30min to remove excess silicon oil to obtain a plant leaf biomimetic material.

[0221] Example 10

[0222] A method for preparing a plant leaf biomimetic material with antifouling self-cleaning and spectral simulation performance, comprising the steps of:

[0223] (1) Preparation of a camouflage color fabric:

[0224] The camouflage color paste was prepared by adding disperse yellow, disperse red, disperse blue, and thickening agent into water and stirring until a uniform paste without particles and thickening was obtained, the concentration of disperse yellow was 0.25wt%, the concentration of disperse red was 0.3wt%, the concentration of disperse blue was 0.37wt%, and the concentration of thickening agent was 6wt%.

[0225] The magnetic rod printing is performed on the pure cotton 3D spacer fabric. A printing frame is fixed to the magnetic rod printing machine. The travel distance and magnetic force of the magnetic rod are adjusted to adapt to the selected printing frame. After the magnetic rod printing machine is debugged, the 3D spacer fabric is placed under the printing frame in the warp direction. The camouflage color paste is applied to one side of the magnetic rod. The camouflage color paste is printed once under the rolling of the magnetic rod. The printed 3D spacer fabric is obtained.

[0226] The printed 3D spacer fabric is dried in a 100℃ oven for 5min, and is placed in a curing machine at 170℃ for 2min.

[0227] The printed 3D spacer fabric is washed to remove the floating color. 1g of NaOH and 2g of sodium hydrosulfite are dissolved in 1L of deionized water to prepare a reducing cleaning solution. The solution is cleaned in a 80℃ water bath for 20min. The dried product is a camouflage fabric.

[0228] (2) Preparation of hydrogel precursor solution:

[0229] 4g of sodium alginate, 13g of acrylamide, 0.03g of N,N'-methylene bisacrylamide and 0.3g of photoinitiator-2959 are dissolved in 100mL of water. The solution is stirred at 900rpm by a magnetic stirrer at room temperature for 3h to prepare a hydrogel precursor solution.

[0230] (3) Preparation of porous elastomer:

[0231] The mixture of Dow Corning 184 prepolymer and Dow Corning 184 curing agent is mixed at a mass ratio of 9:1. 7wt% of water is added. The mixture is stirred at 700rpm by a magnetic stirrer at room temperature for 2h to prepare an elastomer precursor water emulsion.

[0232] The elastomer precursor water emulsion is spread in a mold. The mold is vacuum degassed for 40min. The mold is cured at 70℃ for 3h to form a porous film with a thickness of 1.5mm.

[0233] The porous film is immersed in a 7wt% benzophenone ethanol solution for 37min. The porous film is washed with ethanol for three times. The porous film is dried by nitrogen blowing to obtain a porous elastomer.

[0234] (4) Preparation of plant leaf biomimetic material:

[0235] The camouflage fabric is immersed in the hydrogel precursor solution with a liquid retention rate of 90%.

[0236] The hydrogel precursor solution is poured into a quartz glass mold covering the porous elastomer. The solution is spread at a grammage of 300g / m 2, the camouflage color fabric immersed in the hydrogel precursor solution, then laid another layer of porous elastomer, covered with a quartz glass plate, irradiated with 36w 365nm ultraviolet light for 2h, the irradiation distance was 10cm, the irradiation distance was 10cm, the sample was taken out of the mold, immersed in a 20wt% calcium chloride solution for 10min, placed in a constant temperature and humidity box at 25℃, 60%RH for 6h, to obtain the composite material.

[0237] The composite material was immersed in silicon oil with a viscosity of 200cSt for 5min, and after taking out, it was vertically placed for 30min to remove the excess silicon oil, and the plant leaf biomimetic material was obtained.

[0238] Example 11

[0239] A method for preparing a plant leaf biomimetic material with antifouling self-cleaning and spectral simulation performance, comprising the steps of:

[0240] (1) Preparation of camouflage color fabric:

[0241] Prepare camouflage color paste, add disperse yellow, disperse red, disperse blue and thickening agent into water, stir until no particles and thick uniform paste, disperse yellow concentration 0.25wt%, disperse red concentration 0.3wt%, disperse blue concentration 0.37wt%, thickening agent 6wt%.

[0242] Magnetic rod printing was carried out on pure cotton 3D spacer fabric, the printing frame was fixed to the magnetic rod printing machine, and the travel distance and magnetic force of the magnetic rod were adjusted to adapt to the selected printing frame; after adjusting the magnetic rod printing machine, the 3D spacer fabric was placed under the printing frame in the warp direction, and the camouflage color paste was applied to one side of the magnetic rod. The camouflage color paste was printed once under the rolling of the magnetic rod, and the printed 3D spacer fabric was obtained.

[0243] The printed 3D spacer fabric was dried in an oven at 100℃ for 5min, and then placed in a curing machine at 170℃ for 2min.

[0244] Reduction cleaning was carried out to wash off the floating color of the printed 3D spacer fabric, 1g NaOH and 2g sodium hydrosulfite were dissolved in 1L deionized water to prepare a reduction cleaning solution, and the printed 3D spacer fabric was cleaned in an 80℃ water bath for 20min, and then dried to obtain the camouflage color fabric.

[0245] (2) Preparation of hydrogel precursor solution:

[0246] Sodium alginate 4g, acrylamide 13g, N,N'-methylene bisacrylamide 0.03g, and photoinitiator-2959 0.3g were dissolved in 100mL water, and the mixture was stirred at room temperature with a magnetic stirrer at 900rpm for 3h to prepare the hydrogel precursor solution.

[0247] (3) Preparation of porous elastomer:

[0248] The mixture of the Dow Corning 184 prepolymer and the Dow Corning 184 curing agent was mixed at a mass ratio of 12:1, 9wt% water was added, and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 0.5h by a magnetic stirrer at 1300rpm to prepare an elastomer precursor aqueous emulsion.

[0249] The elastomer precursor aqueous emulsion was spread in a mold, vacuum degassed for 20min, and cured at 50℃ for 5h to form a porous film with a thickness of 0.5mm.

[0250] The porous film was immersed in a benzophenone ethanol solution with a concentration of 12wt% for 24min, washed with ethanol three times, and dried by nitrogen blowing to obtain a porous elastomer.

[0251] (4) Preparation of a plant leaf biomimetic material:

[0252] The camouflage color fabric was immersed in the hydrogel precursor solution with a liquid retention rate of 90%.

[0253] The hydrogel precursor solution was poured into a quartz glass mold covered with the porous elastomer, spread at a grammage of 100g / m 2 The camouflage color fabric immersed in the hydrogel precursor solution was immersed in the hydrogel precursor solution, and another layer of porous elastomer was spread on it. The quartz glass plate was covered, and the sample was irradiated with 36w 365nm ultraviolet light for 2h at a distance of 10cm. The sample was taken out of the mold, immersed in a calcium chloride solution with a concentration of 20wt% for 10min, and placed in a constant temperature and humidity box at 25℃ and 60% RH for 6h to obtain a composite material.

[0254] The composite material was immersed in silicon oil with a viscosity of 500cSt for 5min, and after taking it out, it was vertically placed for 30min to remove the excess silicon oil to obtain a plant leaf biomimetic material.

[0255] Example 12

[0256] A method for preparing a plant leaf biomimetic material with antifouling and self-cleaning and spectral simulation performance, comprising the steps of:

[0257] (1) Preparation of a camouflage color fabric:

[0258] The camouflage color paste was prepared by adding disperse yellow, disperse red, disperse blue, and thickening agent into water and stirring until the slurry was uniform and viscous. The concentration of disperse yellow was 0.25wt%, the concentration of disperse red was 0.3wt%, the concentration of disperse blue was 0.37wt%, and the concentration of thickening agent was 6wt%.

[0259] The magnetic rod printing is performed on the pure cotton 3D spacer fabric. A printing frame is fixed to the magnetic rod printing machine. The travel distance and magnetic force of the magnetic rod are adjusted to adapt to the selected printing frame. After the magnetic rod printing machine is debugged, the 3D spacer fabric is placed under the printing frame in the warp direction. The camouflage color paste is applied to one side of the magnetic rod. The camouflage color paste is printed once under the rolling of the magnetic rod. The printed 3D spacer fabric is obtained.

[0260] The printed 3D spacer fabric is dried in a 100℃ oven for 5min, and is placed in a curing machine at 170℃ for 2min.

[0261] The printed 3D spacer fabric is washed to remove the floating color. 1g of NaOH and 2g of sodium hydrosulfite are dissolved in 1L of deionized water to prepare a reducing cleaning solution. The solution is cleaned in a 80℃ water bath for 20min. The dried product is a camouflage fabric.

[0262] (2) Preparation of hydrogel precursor solution:

[0263] 4g of sodium alginate, 13g of acrylamide, 0.03g of N,N'-methylene bisacrylamide, and 0.3g of photoinitiator-2959 are dissolved in 100mL of water. The solution is stirred at 900rpm by a magnetic stirrer at room temperature for 3h to prepare a hydrogel precursor solution.

[0264] (3) Preparation of porous elastomer:

[0265] The mixture of Dow Corning 184 prepolymer and Dow Corning 184 curing agent is mixed at a mass ratio of 10:1. 8wt% of water is added. The mixture is stirred at 900rpm by a magnetic stirrer at room temperature for 1h to prepare an elastomer precursor water emulsion.

[0266] The elastomer precursor water emulsion is spread in a mold. The mold is vacuum degassed for 30min. The mold is cured at 60℃ for 4h to form a porous film with a thickness of 1mm.

[0267] The porous film is soaked in a 10wt% benzophenone ethanol solution for 30min. The film is washed with ethanol three times. The film is dried by nitrogen blowing to obtain a porous elastomer.

[0268] (4) Preparation of plant leaf biomimetic material:

[0269] The camouflage fabric is immersed in the hydrogel precursor solution with a liquid retention rate of 80%.

[0270] The hydrogel precursor solution is poured into a quartz glass mold covering the porous elastomer. The solution is spread at a grammage of 150g / m 2, the camouflage colored fabric immersed in the hydrogel precursor solution, and then another layer of porous elastomer was laid, a quartz glass plate was used as a cover, 36w 365nm ultraviolet light was irradiated for 2h at a distance of 10cm, the sample was taken out of the mold, immersed in a 18wt% calcium chloride solution for 13min, and placed in a constant temperature and humidity box at 27℃ and 55% RH for 7h to obtain the composite material.

[0271] The composite material was immersed in silicon oil with a viscosity of 100cSt for 7min, and after taking out, it was vertically placed for 40min to remove the excess silicon oil, and a plant leaf biomimetic material was obtained.

[0272] Example 13

[0273] A preparation method of a plant leaf biomimetic material with antifouling self-cleaning and spectral simulation performance, comprising the steps of:

[0274] (1) preparing a camouflage colored fabric:

[0275] A camouflage color paste was prepared by adding disperse yellow, disperse red, disperse blue and thickening agent into water and stirring until no particles and thick uniform paste was obtained, the concentration of disperse yellow was 0.25wt%, the concentration of disperse red was 0.3wt%, the concentration of disperse blue was 0.37wt%, and the concentration of thickening agent was 6wt%.

[0276] Magnetic rod printing was performed on the pure cotton 3D spacer fabric, the printing frame was fixed to the magnetic rod printing machine, and the travel distance and magnetic force of the magnetic rod were adjusted to adapt to the selected printing frame; after the magnetic rod printing machine was debugged, the 3D spacer fabric was placed under the printing frame in the warp direction, the camouflage color paste was applied to one side of the magnetic rod, and the camouflage color paste was printed once under the rolling of the magnetic rod to obtain the printed 3D spacer fabric.

[0277] The printed 3D spacer fabric was dried in a 100℃ oven for 5min, and then was placed in a curing machine and cured at 170℃ for 2min.

[0278] Reduction cleaning was performed to wash off the floating color of the printed 3D spacer fabric, 1g of NaOH and 2g of sodium hydrosulfite were dissolved in 1L of deionized water to prepare a reduction cleaning solution, and the 3D spacer fabric was cleaned in an 80℃ water bath for 20min and then was dried to obtain the camouflage colored fabric.

[0279] (2) preparation of a hydrogel precursor solution:

[0280] 4g of sodium alginate, 13g of acrylamide, 0.03g of N,N'-methylene bisacrylamide and 0.3g of photoinitiator-2959 were dissolved in 100mL of water, and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 3h by a magnetic stirrer at 900rpm to prepare a hydrogel precursor solution.

[0281] (3) preparation of a porous elastomer:

[0282] The DC184 prepolymer and DC184 curing agent were mixed at a mass ratio of 10:1, and 8wt% water was added. The mixture was stirred at room temperature for 1h at 900rpm using a magnetic stirrer to obtain an elastomer precursor aqueous emulsion.

[0283] The elastomer precursor aqueous emulsion was spread in a mold, vacuum degassed for 30min, and cured at 60°C for 4h to form a porous film with a thickness of 1mm.

[0284] The porous film was immersed in a 10wt% benzophenone ethanol solution for 30min, washed with ethanol three times, and dried by nitrogen blowing to obtain a porous elastomer.

[0285] (4) Preparation of plant leaf biomimetic material:

[0286] The camouflage fabric was immersed in the hydrogel precursor solution with a liquid retention rate of 100%.

[0287] The hydrogel precursor solution was poured into a quartz glass mold covered with a porous elastomer, spread at a grammage of 260g / m 2 The camouflage fabric immersed in the hydrogel precursor solution was immersed in the hydrogel precursor solution, and another layer of porous elastomer was spread on top. The quartz glass plate was covered and irradiated with 36w 365nm ultraviolet light for 2h at a distance of 10cm. The sample was removed from the mold and immersed in a 21wt% calcium chloride solution for 8min. It was placed in a constant temperature and humidity box at 23°C and 62% RH for 5h to obtain a composite material.

[0288] The composite material was immersed in silicon oil with a viscosity of 300cSt for 4min. After removal, it was vertically placed for 25min to remove excess silicon oil to obtain a plant leaf biomimetic material.

[0289] Example 14

[0290] A method for preparing a plant leaf biomimetic material with antifouling and self-cleaning properties and spectral simulation performance, comprising the steps of:

[0291] (1) Preparation of camouflage fabric:

[0292] The camouflage paste was prepared by adding disperse yellow, disperse red, disperse blue, and thickening agent to water and stirring until a uniform paste without particles and thickening was obtained. The concentration of disperse yellow was 0.25wt%, the concentration of disperse red was 0.3wt%, the concentration of disperse blue was 0.37wt%, and the concentration of thickening agent was 6wt%.

[0293] The magnetic rod printing is performed on the pure cotton 3D spacer fabric. A printing frame is fixed to the magnetic rod printing machine. The travel distance and magnetic force of the magnetic rod are adjusted to adapt to the selected printing frame. After the magnetic rod printing machine is debugged, the 3D spacer fabric is placed under the printing frame in the warp direction. The camouflage color paste is applied to one side of the magnetic rod. The camouflage color paste is printed once under the rolling of the magnetic rod. The printed 3D spacer fabric is obtained.

[0294] The printed 3D spacer fabric is dried in a 100℃ oven for 5min, and is placed in a curing machine at 170℃ for 2min.

[0295] The printed 3D spacer fabric is washed to remove the floating color. 1g of NaOH and 2g of sodium hydrosulfite are dissolved in 1L of deionized water to prepare a reducing cleaning solution. The solution is cleaned in a 80℃ water bath for 20min. The dried product is a camouflage fabric.

[0296] (2) Preparation of hydrogel precursor solution:

[0297] 4g of sodium alginate, 13g of acrylamide, 0.03g of N,N'-methylene bisacrylamide and 0.3g of photoinitiator-2959 are dissolved in 100mL of water. The solution is stirred at 900rpm by a magnetic stirrer at room temperature for 3h to prepare a hydrogel precursor solution.

[0298] (3) Preparation of porous elastomer:

[0299] The mixture of Dow Corning 184 prepolymer and Dow Corning 184 curing agent is mixed at a mass ratio of 10:1. 8wt% of water is added. The mixture is stirred at 900rpm by a magnetic stirrer at room temperature for 1h to prepare an elastomer precursor water emulsion.

[0300] The elastomer precursor water emulsion is spread in a mold. The mold is vacuum degassed for 30min. The mold is cured at 60℃ for 4h to form a porous film with a thickness of 1mm.

[0301] The porous film is soaked in a 10wt% benzophenone ethanol solution for 30min. The film is washed with ethanol for three times. The film is dried by nitrogen blowing to obtain a porous elastomer.

[0302] (4) Preparation of plant leaf biomimetic material:

[0303] The camouflage fabric is immersed in the hydrogel precursor solution with a liquid retention rate of 100%.

[0304] The hydrogel precursor solution is poured into a quartz glass mold covering the porous elastomer. The solution is spread at a grammage of 260g / m 2, the camouflage color fabric immersed in the hydrogel precursor solution, then laid another layer of porous elastomer, covered with a quartz glass plate, irradiated with 36w 365nm ultraviolet light for 3h, the irradiation distance was 18cm, the sample was taken out of the mold, immersed in a 19wt% calcium chloride solution for 11min, placed in a constant temperature and humidity box at 28℃, 58%RH for 5.5h, and the composite material was obtained.

[0305] The composite material was immersed in silicon oil with a viscosity of 300cSt for 4min, and after taking out, it was vertically placed for 25min to remove the excess silicon oil, and the plant leaf biomimetic material was obtained.

[0306] Comparative example 1

[0307] A method for preparing a camouflage composite material, comprising the steps of:

[0308] (1) preparing a camouflage color fabric:

[0309] The camouflage color paste was prepared by adding dispersed yellow, dispersed red, dispersed blue and thickening agent into water and stirring until there were no particles and the paste was uniform and viscous, the concentration of dispersed yellow was 0.25wt%, the concentration of dispersed red was 0.3wt%, the concentration of dispersed blue was 0.37wt%, and the concentration of thickening agent was 6wt%.

[0310] Magnetic rod printing was performed on the pure cotton 3D spacer fabric, the printing frame was fixed to the magnetic rod printing machine, and the travel distance and magnetic force of the magnetic rod were adjusted to adapt to the selected printing frame; after adjusting the magnetic rod printing machine, the 3D spacer fabric was placed under the printing frame in the warp direction, and the camouflage color paste was applied to one side of the magnetic rod, and the camouflage color paste was printed once under the rolling of the magnetic rod.

[0311] The printed 3D spacer fabric was pre-dried in an oven at 100℃ for 5min, and then placed in a curing machine at 180℃ for 2min.

[0312] Reduction cleaning was performed to wash off the floating color of the printed 3D spacer fabric, 1g of NaOH and 2g of sodium hydrosulfite were dissolved in 1L of deionized water to prepare a reduction cleaning solution, and the printed 3D spacer fabric was cleaned in a water bath at 80℃ for 20min and then dried to obtain the camouflage color 3D spacer printed fabric.

[0313] (2) preparation of hydrogel precursor solution:

[0314] 4g of sodium alginate, 13g of acrylamide, 0.03g of N,N'-methylene bisacrylamide, and 0.3g of photoinitiator-2959 were dissolved in 100mL of water, and the mixture was stirred at room temperature with a magnetic stirrer at 900rpm for 3h to prepare the hydrogel precursor solution;

[0315] (3) preparation of camouflage composite material:

[0316] The camouflage color fabric was immersed in the hydrogel precursor solution with a liquid retention rate of 90%.

[0317] The hydrogel precursor solution was poured into a quartz glass mold, spread at a grammage of 100 g / m 2 The camouflage composite material was obtained by immersing the camouflage fabric impregnated with the hydrogel precursor solution in a 20wt% calcium chloride solution for 10 min, and then placing it in a constant temperature and humidity box at 25°C and 60% RH for 6 h.

[0318] Comparative Example 2

[0319] A method for preparing an antifouling camouflage composite material, comprising the steps of:

[0320] (1) preparing a camouflage fabric:

[0321] A camouflage color paste was prepared by adding disperse yellow, disperse red, disperse blue, and thickening agent into water and stirring until a uniform paste without particles and thickening was obtained, the concentration of disperse yellow was 0.25wt%, the concentration of disperse red was 0.3wt%, the concentration of disperse blue was 0.37wt%, and the concentration of thickening agent was 6wt%.

[0322] Magnetic rod printing was performed on the pure cotton 3D spacer fabric, a printing frame was fixed to the magnetic rod printing machine, and the travel distance and magnetic force of the magnetic rod were adjusted to adapt to the selected printing frame; after the magnetic rod printing machine was adjusted, the 3D spacer fabric was placed under the printing frame in the warp direction, and the camouflage color paste was applied to one side of the magnetic rod, and the camouflage color paste was printed once under the rolling of the magnetic rod.

[0323] The printed 3D spacer fabric was pre-dried in an oven at 100°C for 5 min, and then was placed in a curing machine and cured at 180°C for 2 min.

[0324] Reduction cleaning was performed to wash off the floating color of the printed 3D spacer fabric, 1g of NaOH and 2g of sodium hydrosulfite were dissolved in 1L of deionized water to prepare a reduction cleaning solution, and the printed 3D spacer fabric was cleaned in a water bath at 80°C for 20 min and then was dried to obtain a camouflage color 3D spacer printed fabric.

[0325] (2) preparing a hydrogel precursor solution:

[0326] A hydrogel precursor solution was prepared by dissolving 4g of sodium alginate, 13g of acrylamide, 0.03g of N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide, and 0.3g of photoinitiator-2959 in 100mL of water, and stirring at 900rpm with a magnetic stirrer at room temperature for 3h;

[0327] (3) preparing a camouflage composite material:

[0328] The camouflage fabric was impregnated with the hydrogel precursor solution, and the liquid retention rate was 90%.

[0329] The hydrogel precursor solution was poured into a quartz glass mold, spread at a grammage of 100 g / m 2 The camouflage composite material was obtained by immersing the camouflage fabric impregnated with the hydrogel precursor solution in a 20wt% calcium chloride solution for 10 min, and then placing it in a constant temperature and humidity box at 25℃ and 60% RH for 6 h.

[0330] (4) Preparation of the antifouling camouflage composite material:

[0331] The antifouling spraying liquid was prepared by completely dissolving 3.2 g of epoxy resin and 1 g of nano-silicon dioxide in 12 mL of ethyl acetate, ultrasonically dispersing in a cell crusher for 10 min, and then adding 1 g of polydimethylsiloxane precursor, and magnetically stirring at 900 rpm for 1.5 h at 25℃ to obtain a nano-particle spraying liquid.

[0332] The nano-particle spraying liquid was sprayed onto the surface of the camouflage composite material by using a compressed air spray gun, the distance between the sample and the spray gun was 20 cm, the spraying time was 5 s, and the sample was naturally dried for 24 h to obtain the antifouling camouflage composite material.

[0333] The spectral curves of the plant leaf after rainwater flushing of Example 1, Comparative Examples 1 and 2, and the plant leaf are shown in Figure 2 Example 1, Comparative Examples 1 and 2 all have the characteristic peaks of the plant leaf in the visible light band of 380-780 nm, because all of them have a camouflage fabric layer that can simulate the visible light spectrum of the plant. Example 1, Comparative Examples 1 and 2 all have the water absorption valleys of the plant leaf at 1450 nm and 1950 nm, because all of them have an acrylamide / sodium alginate double network hydrogel structure.

[0334] After rainwater flushing, the spectral curve of the plant leaf biomimetic material of Example 1 in the visible light band and the water absorption valley is still close to that of the natural plant leaf, indicating that it has excellent plant spectrum simulation effect with good weather resistance and durability.

[0335] Because there is no water-repellent and antifouling liquid injection super-slip elastomer layer, the hydrogel layer of Comparative Example 1 is lost under rainwater flushing, the water absorption valleys at 1450 nm and 1950 nm are not obvious, and the camouflage performance is obviously decreased. The spectral curve of the camouflage color printed fabric of Comparative Example 1 in the visible light band is not affected by rainwater flushing because the camouflage color printing has a certain fastness.

[0336] Although the nano-silicon dioxide particles are sprayed on Comparative Example 2 to construct a nano-micro rough structure with hydrophobic properties, the nano-silicon dioxide antifouling layer is whitened, resulting in a large difference between the spectral curve in the visible light band and the water absorption valleys at 1450 nm and 1950 nm of the plant leaf, and poor camouflage performance.

[0337] The above embodiments are not intended to limit the scope of the present application, and the described steps are not intended to limit the order of execution. Those skilled in the art will make obvious modifications to the present application in light of the prior art, and such modifications fall within the scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A biomimetic material for plant leaves that combines anti-fouling, self-cleaning, and spectral simulation properties, characterized in that, From bottom to top, the layers are: first liquid-injected super-lubricated elastomer layer, hydrogel layer, camouflage fabric layer, hydrogel layer, and second liquid-injected super-lubricated elastomer layer. The liquid-injected super-lubricating elastomer layer is a porous elastomer with silicone oil filling the voids. The first and second liquid-injected super-lubricating elastomer layers may be made of the same or different materials. The hydrogel layer is either a single-network hydrogel or a double-network hydrogel; The camouflage fabric layer is one of the following colors: dark green, medium green, yellowish green, or light green. The preparation method of the plant leaf biomimetic material includes the following steps: (1) Preparation of camouflage fabric: print camouflage color paste on the fabric, and obtain camouflage fabric by pre-drying, baking and washing; (2) Preparation of hydrogel precursor solution: Dissolve monomer, crosslinking agent and photoinitiator in water and stir to prepare hydrogel precursor solution; (3) Preparation of porous elastomer: The prepolymer, curing agent and water are mixed and stirred evenly to obtain an elastomer precursor aqueous emulsion. It is spread in a mold, degassed under vacuum and cured to form a porous film. The porous film is immersed in an initiator solution, and then taken out and purged with nitrogen until dry to obtain a porous elastomer. (4) Preparation of biomimetic materials for plant leaves: Impregnate camouflage fabric with hydrogel precursor solution, pour hydrogel precursor solution into a mold covered with porous elastomer, immerse the camouflage fabric impregnated with hydrogel precursor solution, lay another layer of porous elastomer, remove from the mold after ultraviolet irradiation, soak in calcium chloride solution and place at constant temperature and humidity to obtain composite material; immerse composite material in silicone oil, remove excess silicone oil, and obtain biomimetic materials for plant leaves.

2. The plant leaf biomimetic material according to claim 1, characterized in that, The thickness of the liquid-injected super-lubricated elastomer layer is 0.2~0.7 mm, the thickness of the hydrogel layer is 0.2~1 mm, and the thickness of the camouflage fabric layer is 0.2~1 mm.

3. A method for preparing the plant leaf biomimetic material according to claim 1, characterized in that, Including the following steps: (1) Preparation of camouflage fabric: print camouflage color paste on the fabric, and obtain camouflage fabric by pre-drying, baking and washing; (2) Preparation of hydrogel precursor solution: Dissolve monomer, crosslinking agent and photoinitiator in water and stir to prepare hydrogel precursor solution; (3) Preparation of porous elastomer: The prepolymer, curing agent and water are mixed and stirred evenly to obtain an elastomer precursor aqueous emulsion. It is spread in a mold, degassed under vacuum and cured to form a porous film. The porous film is immersed in an initiator solution, and then taken out and purged with nitrogen until dry to obtain a porous elastomer. (4) Preparation of biomimetic materials for plant leaves: Impregnate camouflage fabric with hydrogel precursor solution, pour hydrogel precursor solution into a mold covered with porous elastomer, immerse the camouflage fabric impregnated with hydrogel precursor solution, lay another layer of porous elastomer, remove from the mold after ultraviolet irradiation, soak in calcium chloride solution and place at constant temperature and humidity to obtain composite material; immerse composite material in silicone oil, remove excess silicone oil, and obtain biomimetic materials for plant leaves.

4. The preparation method according to claim 3, characterized in that, In step (1), the fabric material is one of polyester-cotton blend, pure polyester, or pure cotton, and the fabric structure is a 3D spaced fabric; the camouflage color paste is one of dark green, medium green, yellow-green, or light green.

5. The preparation method according to claim 3, characterized in that, In step (1), the printing method is as follows: magnetic rod printing is used, and the printing is done 1 to 2 times; the pre-baking temperature is 90 to 110℃ and the pre-baking time is 5 to 10 min; the baking temperature is 160 to 200℃ and the baking time is 1 to 4 min.

6. The preparation method according to claim 3, characterized in that, In step (1), the dye used in the camouflage color paste is a disperse dye; the washing process is a reduction washing process.

7. The preparation method according to claim 3, characterized in that, In step (2), the monomer is one or more of acrylamide, sodium alginate, chitosan, and ethylene glycol diacrylate; the crosslinking agent is N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide; and the photoinitiator is photoinitiator-2959.

8. The preparation method according to claim 3, characterized in that, In step (2), the total monomer concentration of the hydrogel precursor solution is 5~20 g / 100 mL; the crosslinking agent concentration is 0.03~0.05 g / 100 mL; the photoinitiator concentration is 0.3~0.5 g / 100 mL; the stirring temperature is 20~30℃, the stirring speed is 500~1500 rpm, and the stirring time is 2~4 h.

9. The preparation method according to claim 3, characterized in that, In step (2), the monomers are acrylamide and sodium alginate. The concentration of acrylamide in the hydrogel precursor solution is 9~15 g / 100 mL, and the concentration of sodium alginate is 2~5 g / 100 mL.

10. The preparation method according to claim 3, characterized in that, In step (3), the prepolymer is Dow Corning 184 prepolymer; the curing agent is Dow Corning 184 curing agent; the initiator is one of benzophenone, 4-methylbenzophenone, benzoyl peroxide, photoinitiator-2959, ammonium persulfate, and potassium persulfate; and the solvent of the initiator solution is one of ethanol and acetone.

11. The preparation method according to claim 3, characterized in that, In step (3), the mass ratio of prepolymer to curing agent is 8~12:1; the amount of water is 6~10% of the total mass of prepolymer and curing agent; the stirring temperature is 20~30℃, the stirring speed is 500~1500 rpm, and the stirring time is 0.5~2 h; the vacuum degassing time of the elastomer precursor aqueous emulsion is 20~40 min; the curing temperature is 50~70℃, and the curing time is 3~5 h; the initiator concentration of the initiator solution is 5~15 wt%, and the soaking time is 20~40 min.

12. The preparation method according to claim 3, characterized in that, In step (4), the viscosity of the silicone oil at 25°C is 3~500 cSt.

13. The preparation method according to claim 3, characterized in that, In step (4), the liquid retention rate of the camouflage fabric impregnated with the hydrogel precursor solution is 75-100%; the spreading weight of the hydrogel precursor solution in the mold is 100-300 g / m2.

14. The preparation method according to claim 3, characterized in that, In step (4), the wavelength of ultraviolet irradiation is 300~400 nm, the irradiation time is 1~3 h, the intensity of ultraviolet irradiation is 20~50 w, and the irradiation distance is 4~20 cm; the concentration of calcium chloride solution is 15~25 wt%, the soaking time is 5~15 min; the temperature of constant temperature and humidity is 20~30℃, the humidity is 50~70%RH, and the placement time is 4~8 h; the silicone oil impregnation time is 2~8 min.

15. The application of the plant leaf biomimetic material according to claim 1, characterized in that, Used for constructing bunkers, military camouflage, and countering hyperspectral reconnaissance.

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