Aluminum electrolytic cell PTM anode automatic pole changing device and method

Abstract

The present invention discloses an automatic pole-changing device and method for a PTM anode of an aluminum electrolytic cell, wherein the automatic pole-changing device for a PTM anode of an aluminum electrolytic cell comprises an overhead crane mobile device and a mobile trolley, the mobile trolley is arranged on the overhead crane mobile device, height measuring equipment and residue scooping equipment are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the mobile trolley, material suction and discharge equipment and shelling equipment are arranged on both sides of the mobile trolley, and a positioning and deviation correction mechanism is also included, the overhead crane mobile device comprises two mounting bridges and an overhead crane moving mechanism, the overhead crane moving mechanism is movably arranged between the two mounting bridges, and positioning and deviation correction mechanisms are arranged between the mounting bridges on both sides of the overhead crane moving mechanism. The present invention solves the problem that the PTM device in the prior art is easy to cause difficulty in automatic replacement of residual poles due to strong magnetic and dust reasons in the electrolysis workshop during actual use.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of anode replacement, and in particular to an automatic anode replacement device and method for a PTM anode of an aluminum electrolytic cell. Background Art

[0002] Aluminum electrolysis cell is a prior art equipment used in the prior art for producing electrolytic aluminum. Modern electrolytic aluminum industry production adopts cryolite-alumina molten salt electrolysis method. Molten cryolite is solvent, alumina is solute, carbon body is anode, aluminum liquid is current carrier, and carbon block is arranged at the bottom of aluminum electrolysis cell as cathode (cathode is not consumed). After strong direct current is introduced, electrochemical reaction is carried out inside molten electrolyte at 950℃-970℃, and carbon body is lowered into aluminum electrolysis cell and contacts with it. With the continuous progress of aluminum electrolysis operation, carbon body will be consumed to a certain extent. After a fixed use period of carbon body, carbon body will become residual electrode, and PTM equipment will be needed to replace the residual electrode.

[0003] PTM equipment refers to a multifunctional aluminum electrolysis unit. It uses an overhead crane as a mobile equipment carrier to drive various equipment used to replace the butts, so that multiple equipment are started in sequence to complete the butt replacement operation. The PTM equipment includes shelling equipment, butt grabbing mechanism, material suction and discharge equipment, and residue scooping equipment. When the butt needs to be replaced, the operator first needs to open the cover of the corresponding aluminum electrolytic cell, and then drive the overhead crane equipment to move multiple equipment to the upper side of the corresponding aluminum electrolytic cell, first drive the shelling equipment to descend, and crush the insulation material residue on the four sides of the butt surface, and then use The suction and discharge equipment descends, sucks the insulation material residue to the upper side of the overhead crane, and then grabs the residual anode through the residual anode grabbing mechanism, removes the residual anode from the aluminum electrolytic cell, moves the residual anode to the specified position, and then uses the grabbing mechanism to grab the new anode, and then moves the anode into the aluminum electrolytic cell, and then uses the suction and discharge equipment to add the previously collected insulation material residue as insulation material to the surface of the anode, and then connects the metal guide rod on the anode to the busbar on the aluminum electrolytic cell, and supplies power to the anode through the busbar, and then the anode is electrolyzed with aluminum liquid in the aluminum electrolytic cell.

[0004] However, in the actual process of replacing the anode, since the aluminum reduction cell will generate strong magnetism during use, many distance sensors are difficult to use in the area near the aluminum reduction cell. In the process of replacing the residual electrode, since multiple aluminum reduction cells are installed relatively compactly, in order to prevent the residual electrode from colliding with multiple devices, and when the residual electrode needs to be shelled, sucked and injected, it is necessary to strictly control the descending position of each device to prevent the collision between the equipment and the aluminum reduction cell equipment during the movement. Therefore, when replacing the residual electrode, manual operation of the PTM equipment is required, which affects the time of anode replacement. In addition, when manually operating the position of the PTM equipment in the workshop and the various equipment on the PTM equipment, it is also difficult to achieve accurate positioning between the various equipment on the PTM equipment and the residual electrode. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides an automatic pole changing device and method for PTM anodes in an aluminum electrolytic cell, so as to solve the problem that the PTM equipment in the prior art mentioned in the background technology requires manual participation during actual use, which not only affects the time for replacing the anode, but also the problem of poor positioning of each device during the anode replacement process.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: an automatic anode pole changing device for an aluminum electrolytic cell PTM, comprising a crane mobile device and a mobile trolley, the mobile trolley is arranged on the crane mobile device, height measuring equipment and residue scooping equipment are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the mobile trolley, material suction and discharge equipment and shelling equipment are respectively arranged on both sides of the interior of the mobile trolley, and also includes:

[0007] A positioning and deviation correction mechanism, wherein the overhead travelling mobile device comprises two mounting bridges and an overhead travelling mobile mechanism, the overhead travelling mobile mechanism is movably arranged between the two mounting bridges, and the positioning and deviation correction mechanism is arranged between the mounting bridges on both sides of the overhead travelling mobile mechanism;

[0008] A circular frame, the circular frame is fixedly connected to the bottom of the mobile trolley, a position adjustment mechanism is arranged on the circular frame, the height measuring device and the residue scooping device are respectively arranged on both sides of the position adjustment mechanism, and a lateral moving component is arranged between the material suction and discharge device, the shell breaking device and the position adjustment mechanism;

[0009] A concave frame is arranged at the bottom of the circular frame in a liftable manner, a residual pole grasping mechanism and a fixture disassembly device are arranged on the concave frame, and a laser detection device is correspondingly arranged on the concave frame.

[0010] In order to position and correct the moving distance of the overhead crane moving mechanism, preferably, the positioning and correcting mechanism includes an overhead crane track, auxiliary wheels and calibration points, the bottom of the mounting bridge is fixedly connected to the overhead crane track, the bottom of the overhead crane moving mechanism is rotatably provided with auxiliary wheels, a clamping structure is provided between the auxiliary wheels and the overhead crane moving mechanism, an encoder is provided between the clamping structure and the auxiliary wheels, a plurality of calibration points are equidistantly provided on the top side of the mounting bridge, and the overhead crane moving mechanism is also provided with the laser detection device.

[0011] In order to adjust the angle of each device, further, the position adjustment mechanism includes a rotating ring and a rotating platform, the rotating ring is rotatably arranged in the circular frame, and a ring rotating assembly is arranged between the rotating ring and the circular frame, wherein the height measuring device and the residue scooping device are both connected to the rotating ring, the rotating platform is fixedly connected to the inner arc surface of the rotating ring, and the lateral moving assembly is arranged between the rotating platform, the material suction and discharge equipment and the shelling equipment.

[0012] In order to adjust the positions of the material suction and discharge equipment and the shell breaking equipment, further, the lateral movement assembly includes a sliding trough body and a transmission screw, two sliding trough bodies are provided on the rotating platform, and a sliding seat is slidably arranged in the sliding trough body. The material suction and discharge equipment and the shell breaking equipment are respectively connected to the corresponding sliding seats, and the transmission screw is rotatably connected to the sliding trough body. The sliding seat is threadedly connected to the transmission screw on the same side, and a joint driving structure is arranged between the two transmission screws.

[0013] In order to capture the residual pole, further, the residual pole capturing mechanism includes a guide rod capturing device, a rotating cylinder, a sliding cylinder and a corresponding meshing assembly, the guide rod capturing device is arranged on both sides of the concave frame, the rotating cylinder is connected to the middle part of the bottom end of the concave frame, rotating seats are arranged on both sides inside the rotating cylinder, a bidirectional screw is rotatably connected between the two rotating seats, a gear driving assembly is arranged in the bidirectional screw and the concave frame, the sliding cylinder is respectively connected to the sliding cylinder on both sides of the rotating cylinder, a polygonal connecting rod is slidably arranged in the sliding cylinder, wherein a cavity is opened inside the polygonal connecting rod, both sides of the bidirectional screw are respectively located in the corresponding cavity, a nut is arranged in the cavity, the nut is threadedly connected to one side of the bidirectional screw, and the corresponding meshing assembly is arranged between the two sides of the concave frame and the two polygonal connecting rods.

[0014] In order to adjust and drive the bidirectional screw to rotate, on the basis of the above-mentioned scheme, the gear drive assembly includes a first drive motor, a rotating shaft and a bevel gear. The first drive motor is arranged in the concave frame. The rotating shaft is rotatably connected between the concave frame and the rotating cylinder. The output end of the first drive motor is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft. The bevel gears are arranged on the bidirectional screw and the rotating shaft, and the two bevel gears are meshed.

[0015] In order to maintain the connection between the residual pole and the concave frame, on the basis of the above-mentioned scheme, further, the corresponding engaging assembly includes an engaging sleeve and a position sensor, the engaging sleeve is fixedly connected to both sides of the concave frame, the polygonal connecting rod is fitted with the inner wall of the engaging sleeve, and the position sensor is correspondingly arranged between the inside of the engaging sleeve and the side wall of the polygonal connecting rod.

[0016] In order to facilitate the judgment of the position of the mobile trolley, on the basis of the present scheme, the closed position sensing mechanism includes a closed cover, a removal cylinder and an ejection cylinder, the closed cover is arranged on the aluminum electrolytic cell, a plurality of sensing points cooperating with the laser detection equipment are arranged in the closed cover, the sensing points correspond to the positions of the residual poles, the top end of the closed cover is connected to a plurality of the removal cylinders, the removal cylinders correspond one-to-one to the sensing points, a plurality of shielding sheets are arranged in the removal cylinder, a moving component is arranged between the ejection cylinder and the inside of the closed cover, and a lens is arranged on the top of the ejection cylinder.

[0017] In order to adjust the position of the ejection cylinder, on the basis of the present solution, further, the moving assembly includes a moving screw, a lifting seat and a bending lifting member, the moving screw is rotatably connected in the closed cover body, a second drive motor is arranged in the closed cover body, the output end of the second drive motor is fixedly connected to the moving screw, the lifting seat is slidably arranged in the closed cover body, the lifting seat is threadedly connected to the moving screw, the ejection cylinder is longitudinally slidably connected in the lifting seat, a first electric cylinder is arranged on the lifting seat, the bottom of the bending lifting member is fixedly connected to the ejection cylinder, and the output end of the first electric cylinder is fixedly connected to the top of the bending lifting member.

[0018] In order to determine the position of each device by means of a laser detection device, on the basis of the present solution, further, it also includes a connecting plate 1 and a connecting plate 2, both sides of the concave frame are fixedly connected with connecting plate 1, the connecting plate 1 is provided with the laser detection device, the same side of the material suction and discharge device and the shelling device are fixedly connected with connecting plate 2, the connecting plate 2 is also provided with the laser detection device.

[0019] A method for automatically changing the anode of a PTM aluminum electrolytic cell, using the above-mentioned automatic anode changing device of a PTM aluminum electrolytic cell, comprises the following steps:

[0020] Step 1, positioning and moving of the overhead crane: during the process of moving the anode into the aluminum electrolysis cell for aluminum electrolysis operation, after the anode is used for a fixed period of time, the anode in the aluminum electrolysis cell becomes a residual anode, and after the anode is moved into the aluminum electrolysis cell, the aluminum electrolysis time of the anode is recorded, so after the anode becomes a residual anode, the positions of the two aluminum electrolysis cells that need to replace the anode can be known in advance, and then the overhead crane moving mechanism is moved between the two mounting bridges. During the movement of the overhead crane moving mechanism, the auxiliary wheel is driven to rotate in the overhead crane track, and the moving distance of the auxiliary wheel is detected by the encoder, so that the moving distance of the overhead crane moving mechanism between the two mounting bridges corresponds to the specified moving distance in the program, and the mobile trolley is moved to the upper side of the corresponding aluminum electrolysis cell;

[0021] Step 2, deviation correction: during the movement of the overhead crane moving mechanism, the laser detection device on the top of the overhead crane moving mechanism will move along with the overhead crane moving mechanism, and after the detection laser emitted by the laser detection device corresponds to the corresponding calibration point, the corresponding moving position of the overhead crane moving mechanism on the mounting bridge is determined, and after determining the specific position of the overhead crane moving mechanism, the program automatically corrects the error of the auxiliary wheel moving distance recorded on the encoder, and corrects the error in the movement process of the overhead crane moving mechanism;

[0022] Step 3, anode positioning scanning: move the position of the overhead crane moving mechanism to move the overhead crane moving mechanism toward the placement position of the anode. During the gradual movement of the overhead crane moving mechanism, the mobile trolley detects the placement position of the anode in the workshop through the laser detection device provided on the connecting plate 1, locates the laser detection device provided on the connecting plate 1 with the top of the anode guide rod, and records the placement position of the anode guide rod on the anode in the workshop;

[0023] Step 4, determining the pole-changing position: after determining the position of the aluminum electrolytic cell that needs to be pole-changed, the subsequent moving position of the ejector cylinder can be determined, and the position and height of the ejector cylinder in the closed cover are adjusted by the moving assembly, so that the ejector cylinder rises and enters the removal cylinder, and the ejector cylinder pushes the multiple shielding sheets to move upward, so that the lens leaks out of the removal cylinder;

[0024] Step 5, finding the aluminum electrolytic cell: the overhead crane mobile device drives the mobile trolley and the concave frame and other components to move. During the movement of the concave frame, the laser detection device on the connecting plate 1 on the concave frame and the ejection cylinder on one side emits a detection laser through the lens, so that the laser detection device corresponds to the corresponding sensing point, and the position of the concave frame is determined;

[0025] Step 6: Positioning and identifying the residual pole guide rod: after the concave frame is moved to the specified position, the laser detection device on the connecting plate 1 is sensed with the corresponding sensing point. At this time, the guide rod grabbing device is located directly above the residual pole guide rod, and the overhead crane mobile device can mark this area, so that when the overhead crane mobile device drives the concave frame to move the anode, the anode can be directly moved to the vicinity of this area;

[0026] Step 7, material suction: after determining the position of the concave frame, continue to adjust the positions of the shelling device and the material suction and discharge device. During the movement of the material suction and discharge device, the laser detection device on the second connecting plate senses the sensing point at the bottom of the ejector cylinder to determine the position of the material suction and discharge device, so that the position of the material suction and discharge device corresponds to one of the aluminum electrolytic cells, and then use the material suction and discharge device to suck the thermal insulation covering material on the surface of the residual electrode;

[0027] Step 8, shelling: after the anode butts in the aluminum electrolytic cell are sucked, the two transmission screws are driven to rotate by the joint driving structure, so that the two sliding seats move in opposite directions in the sliding cell body, and after the position of the shelling device is adjusted, the position of the suction and discharge device is adjusted synchronously, and the shelling device and the suction and discharge device are respectively aligned with the corresponding anode butts positions, and the shelling device starts to automatically descend, and then the shelling device is used to perform shelling operations on the anode butts in the aluminum electrolytic cell, and the four sides of the thermal insulation material on the anode butts surface are broken, and then the shelling device and the suction and discharge device are reset, so that the suction and discharge device continues to perform suction operations on the thermal insulation material on the anode butts in the aluminum electrolytic cell;

[0028] Step 9, automatically grab the residual pole: a through hole is opened on the top of the residual pole, firstly, the concave frame is lowered, and during the gradual lowering of the concave frame, the position sensor between the engagement sleeve and the polygonal connecting rod passes through the through hole and senses each other, so that the polygonal connecting rod and the through hole correspond to each other, and then the guide rod grabbing device automatically grabs the top of the residual pole, and then the first driving motor is automatically started to drive the rotating shaft to rotate, and the two bevel gears are engaged to make the bidirectional screw rotate between the two rotating seats, and under the threaded connection between the nut and the bidirectional screw, the polygonal connecting rod slides in the sliding cylinder, so that the polygonal connecting rod passes through the through hole, and the inner wall of the through hole is fitted with the side wall of the polygonal connecting rod, and the polygonal connecting rod enters the engagement sleeve after passing through the through hole, and then the electrical connection between the residual pole and the bus duct is released by the fixture disassembly device;

[0029] Step 10, pulling out the anode butts: then driving the concave frame to rise, so that the bottom of the anode butts is separated from the liquid surface in the aluminum electrolysis cell, and then driving the moving trolley to move horizontally, and then driving the concave frame and the anode butts to rise again, after all the anode butts are removed from the aluminum electrolysis cell, the overhead crane moving mechanism drives the anode butts to move horizontally;

[0030] Step 11, placing the anode butts: driving the rotating ring to rotate in the circular frame, so that the rotating ring can drive the rotating platform to rotate together, adjusting the positions of multiple components on the rotating platform together, thereby adjusting the moving position of the anode butts, and then placing the anode butts at corresponding positions in the workshop;

[0031] Step 12, scooping up the residue: after the anode residue is removed from the aluminum electrolysis cell, the residue inside the aluminum electrolysis cell is scooped up by observing the internal situation of the aluminum electrolysis cell. When scooping up, the concave frame is moved laterally under the action of the overhead traveling device. During the movement, the laser detection device on the connecting plate 1 is re-positioned with the sensing points at other positions during the lateral movement. At this time, the residue scooping device is located just above the aluminum electrolysis cell. When it is necessary to scoop up the residue in the aluminum electrolysis cell, the residue scooping device starts preparation work, and then the residue scooping device is used to scoop up the residue in the aluminum liquid in the aluminum electrolysis cell.

[0032] Step 13, measuring the height of the anode butts: in the process of moving the anode butts to the designated position by driving the mobile device of the overhead crane to move the mobile trolley and the concave frame, the height of the bottom of the anode butts is measured and recorded using the height measuring device to obtain the height of the subsequent anode placed in the aluminum electrolysis cell;

[0033] Step 14, grabbing the anode: moving the concave frame to the anode position located in step 3, so that the concave frame moves to the top of the anode, using multiple components on the concave frame to grab the anode, and then moving the grabbed anode toward the aluminum electrolysis cell. During the process of grabbing and moving the new anode by the concave frame, the height of the anode can be measured by the height measuring device, so that the height of the anode corresponds to the height of the residual anode measured in step 12;

[0034] Step 15, automatically placing the anode: using the overhead crane mobile device to adjust the position of the concave frame so that the concave frame can place the anode into the aluminum electrolysis cell, and then using the fixture disassembly device to electrically connect the anode to the busbar of the aluminum electrolysis cell;

[0035] Step 16, material spreading: reposition the suction and discharge equipment so that the suction and discharge equipment can spray the insulation material residue on the surface of the anode, install the cover plate on the aluminum electrolysis cell, and then continue the aluminum electrolysis operation.

[0036] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides an automatic anode pole changing device and method for an aluminum electrolytic cell PTM, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0037] 1. In the present invention, when the residual anode in the aluminum electrolytic cell needs to be replaced, in order to realize the automatic pole changing operation inside the electrolysis workshop, it is first necessary to set the movement automation of the overhead crane moving mechanism and program the encoder. When the residual anode in the corresponding aluminum electrolytic cell needs to be replaced, the overhead crane moving mechanism is moved to the top position of the corresponding aluminum electrolytic cell. During the movement of the overhead crane moving mechanism, the overhead crane moving mechanism drives the auxiliary wheel to move on the overhead crane track. The moving distance of the auxiliary wheel on the overhead crane track can be detected by the encoder, so that the moving distance of the overhead crane moving mechanism can be effectively positioned, which is convenient for realizing the purpose of automatically controlling the moving position of the overhead crane moving mechanism. After the structure has been run for many times, there may be a certain deviation between the normal moving distance of the overhead crane moving mechanism and the encoder program. In order to correct the deviation problem in the movement process of the overhead crane moving mechanism, the fixed rod on the top of the overhead crane moving mechanism and the laser detection device will move with the overhead crane moving mechanism during the movement of the overhead crane moving mechanism. After the detection laser emitted by the laser detection device corresponds to the corresponding calibration point, the corresponding moving position of the overhead crane moving mechanism on the mounting bridge is determined. After determining the specific position of the overhead crane moving mechanism, the program automatically corrects the error of the auxiliary wheel moving distance recorded on the encoder, so as to continue to use the encoder and the auxiliary wheel to determine the moving distance of the overhead crane moving mechanism.

[0038] 2. In the present invention, each device is driven to move to the vicinity of the corresponding aluminum electrolytic cell by the mobile trolley. Then, during the movement, the ejector cylinder is moved longitudinally in one of the ejector cylinders, and the ejector cylinder flips up the multiple shielding sheets in the ejector cylinder, so that the laser detection device can pass through the lens of the ejector cylinder, so that the laser detection device corresponds to the corresponding sensing point, which is convenient for moving the mobile trolley and each device to the specified position. Then, during the use of the suction and discharge equipment and the shelling equipment, the laser detection device on the second connecting plate is made to correspond to the sensing point, which can facilitate the suction and discharge equipment and the shelling equipment to move to the specified operating position. Since the height measuring device and the residue scooping device are located on the same side as the concave frame, the laser detection device on the first connecting plate can be used for position judgment, so that when the residual pole is replaced, the position between each device is accurate enough to prevent the problem of collision between each device or the residual pole and the aluminum electrolytic cell during the residual pole replacement process.

[0039] 3. In the present invention, in order to facilitate the synchronous clamping of two butts, the concave frame is moved between the two butts, and a through hole is pre-opened at the top of the butt. During the gradual descent of the concave frame, the position sensors between the concave frame and the polygonal connecting rod are made to correspond to each other, and the polygonal connecting rod is made to correspond to the through hole. Then, the polygonal connecting rod is inserted into the through hole, so that the polygonal connecting rod can be moved into the engaging sleeve, so that the concave frame and the butt are connected, and the butt is grabbed by the guide rod grabbing device, so that the butt is easily removed from the aluminum electrolytic cell.

[0040] 4. Therefore, in actual use, the automatic anode pole changing device of the aluminum electrolytic cell PTM can effectively avoid the problem that the pole changing device is not easy to accurately position due to strong magnetism and high dust in the electrolysis workshop. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0041] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of this application;

[0042] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the partial cross-section of the installation of the bridge frame, the overhead travelling mechanism and the positioning and correcting mechanism for this application;

[0043] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of a partial cross-section of the structure of the cooperation of the position adjustment mechanism, the residual pole grasping mechanism, and the closed position sensing mechanism in this application;

[0044] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of a partial cross-section of the structure of the concave frame, the circular frame, the position adjustment mechanism and the residual pole grabbing mechanism in the present application;

[0045] Figure 5It is a schematic diagram of a partial cross-section structure of the concave frame, the circular frame, the position adjustment mechanism and the residual pole grabbing mechanism in the present application from another perspective;

[0046] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a partial cross-section of the concave frame and the residual pole grabbing mechanism in the present application;

[0047] Figure 7 For this application Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the partially enlarged structure at point A in the middle;

[0048] Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram of the closed position sensing mechanism in this application;

[0049] Fig. 9 For this application Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the partially enlarged structure at B in the middle;

[0050] Fig.10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the lifting seat, the ejection cylinder and the bending lifting member in this application;

[0051] Fig.11 For this application Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the local enlarged structure at C in the middle;

[0052] Fig.12 For this application Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the local enlarged structure at D in the middle;

[0053] Fig.13 This is a structural schematic diagram of the coordination status between the fixture disassembly equipment and the fixture in this application.

[0054] In the figure: 100, positioning and deviation correction mechanism; 200, position adjustment mechanism; 300, residual pole grasping mechanism; 400, closed position sensing mechanism;

[0055] 1. Mobile trolley; 2. Height measuring equipment; 3. Residue scooping equipment; 4. Suction and discharge equipment; 5. Shell breaking equipment; 6. Mounting bridge; 7. Overhead crane moving mechanism; 8. Circular frame; 9. Concave frame; 10. Laser detection equipment; 11. Overhead crane track; 12. Auxiliary wheels; 13. Encoder; 14. Calibration point; 15. Rotating ring; 16. Rotating platform; 17. Sliding trough; 18. Sliding seat; 19. Transmission screw; 20. Guide rod grabbing equipment; 21. Rotating cylinder; 22. Rotating seat; 23. Bidirectional screw; 24. Sliding cylinder; 25. Polygonal connecting rod; 26. Nut; 27. First drive motor; 28. Rotating shaft; 29. ​​Bevel gear; 30. Engaging sleeve; 31. Position sensor; 32. Closed cover; 33. Sensing point; 34. Remove the cylinder; 35. Shielding piece; 36. Eject the cylinder; 37. Lens; 38. Move the lead screw; 39. The second drive motor; 40. Lifting seat; 41. Bending lift member; 42. The first electric cylinder; 43. Connecting plate one; 44. Connecting plate two; 45. The third drive motor; 46. Conical gear segment; 47. Conical drive gear; 48. The fourth drive motor; 49. Transmission gear; 50. Transmission belt; 51. Hydraulic drive device; 52. Pressing member; 53. Spring damper; 54. Fixture disassembly device; 5401. Hook body; 5402. Motor; 5403. Batch head; 55. Fixture; 5501. Fixed part; 5502. Movable part; 5503. Screw. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0056] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0057] For example, see Figures 1 to 13 , an automatic anode changing device for an aluminum electrolytic cell PTM, comprising an overhead crane mobile device and a mobile trolley 1, the mobile trolley 1 being arranged on the overhead crane mobile device, a height measuring device 2 and a residue scooping device 3 being symmetrically arranged on both sides of the mobile trolley 1, a material suction and discharge device 4 and a shelling device 5 being arranged on both sides of the interior of the mobile trolley 1, respectively, the overhead crane mobile device is a prior art device installed in a workshop for driving the mobile trolley 1 to move along the XY axis, and is a commonly used mobile device in a PTM device, the overhead crane mobile device, the height measuring device 2, the residue scooping device 3, the material suction and discharge device 4 and the shelling device 5 are all connected to a main control room for communication, so that the main control room can directly control the overhead crane mobile device, the height measuring device 2, the residue scooping device 3, the material suction and discharge device 4 and the shelling device 5;

[0058] The height measuring device 2 refers to a laser scanning device that can move longitudinally. By driving the laser scanning device to move longitudinally, the laser scanning device is moved to the lower side of the concave frame 9. The bottom heights of the two anodes are detected by the laser scanning device to determine the placement height of the anodes after entering the aluminum electrolytic cell, so that the carbon body of the anode is in contact with the electrolyte melt in the aluminum electrolytic cell. The electrolyte melt is a molten cryolite melt. The electrolyte melt and the aluminum liquid are in the same aluminum electrolytic cell. The electrolyte melt is a carrier used in the electrolysis process.

[0059] The residue scooping device 3 is also a prior art device known to those skilled in the art. After the anode butts are removed from the aluminum electrolysis cell, some of the residues of the insulation material will inevitably fall into the aluminum liquid at the bottom of the aluminum electrolysis cell. In order to ensure the purity of the aluminum liquid, the residue scooping device 3 is driven down to scoop the residue in the aluminum liquid.

[0060] During the electrolysis process of the anode, in order to insulate the anode, after the anode is moved into the aluminum electrolytic cell, a layer of insulation covering material needs to be laid on the carbon body. After the anode is electrolyzed for a period of time, the anode becomes a residual electrode, and the insulation covering material is sintered into a shell on the surface of the residual electrode. At this time, a shelling device 5 is used to shell the insulation covering material in the shell form, and the insulation covering material is broken into insulation material residue again. The shelling device 5 is a conventional component equipment well known to those skilled in the art. The shelling device 5 is a prior art equipment for breaking the insulation material shell covering the surface of the residual electrode, and the shelling device 5 can be lowered to a specified operating height, and after the external surface area of ​​the residual electrode is scanned, the shelling device 5 can determine the position on the surface of the residual electrode where the shelling needs to be performed, and then the shelling device 5 is used to automatically shell the surface of the residual electrode, and the structure and use method of the shelling device 5 are both prior art equipment well known to those skilled in the art.

[0061] The suction and discharge device 4 is a device used by technical personnel in this field to recycle the thermal insulation covering material. The suction and discharge device 4 is installed on the mobile trolley 1. After the cover of the aluminum electrolytic cell is opened, the suction pipe of the suction and discharge device 4 is lowered to a specified position to absorb the thermal insulation material residue in the aluminum electrolytic cell. After replacing a new anode and entering the aluminum electrolytic cell, the discharge pipe installed on the suction and discharge device 4 will be lowered to discharge the thermal insulation material residue through the discharge pipe, and the thermal insulation material residue will be sprayed on the carbon body surface of the anode to be used as the thermal insulation material of the anode.

[0062] The overhead crane mobile device includes two mounting bridges 6 and an overhead crane moving mechanism 7. The overhead crane moving mechanism 7 is movably arranged between the two mounting bridges 6. Positioning and deviation correction mechanisms 100 are arranged between the mounting bridges 6 on both sides of the overhead crane moving mechanism 7. When the mobile trolley 1 is required to drive various components to replace two of the residual poles, the overhead crane moving mechanism 7 needs to drive the mobile trolley 1 to the area corresponding to the corresponding aluminum electrolytic cell. The overhead crane moving mechanism 7 is an important component of the overhead crane mobile device in the prior art. With the development of the overhead crane mobile device technology in the prior art, the overhead crane mobile device is installed in the electrolysis workshop. According to the length of the mounting bridge 6, the overhead crane moving mechanism 7 is moved a long distance between the two mounting bridges 6. In order to achieve the purpose of automatically replacing the residual anodes, the anodes are all subjected to periodic electrolysis operations, so the use time of each anode can be predicted in advance. Therefore, during the use of the present application, after determining the position of the aluminum electrolytic cell where the residual anode needs to be replaced, the overhead crane moving mechanism 7 is used to drive the mobile trolley 1 and the various components installed on the mobile trolley 1 to move between the two mounting bridges 6, and the positions of the mobile trolley 1 and the various components on the mobile trolley 1 are adjusted;

[0063] The positioning and deviation correction mechanism 100 includes a crane track 11, an auxiliary wheel 12 and a calibration point 14. The bottom of the mounting bridge 6 is fixedly connected to the crane track 11. The bottom of the crane moving mechanism 7 is rotatably provided with an auxiliary wheel 12. A clamping structure is provided between the auxiliary wheel 12 and the crane moving mechanism 7. An encoder 13 is provided between the clamping structure and the auxiliary wheel 12. The clamping structure includes a clamping member 52. The auxiliary wheel 12 is rotatably provided in the clamping member 52. A spring damper 53 is provided between the clamping member 52 and the bottom of the crane moving mechanism 7. The encoder 13 is provided between the clamping member 52 and the auxiliary wheel 12. In order to realize the automatic pole changing operation inside the electrolysis workshop, it is first necessary to set the movement automation of the crane moving mechanism 7 and encode the encoder 13. When the residual anode in the corresponding aluminum electrolysis cell needs to be replaced, the overhead crane moving mechanism 7 is moved to the top position of the corresponding aluminum electrolysis cell. During the movement of the overhead crane moving mechanism 7, the overhead crane moving mechanism 7 drives the auxiliary wheel 12 to move on the overhead crane track 11. The moving distance of the auxiliary wheel 12 on the overhead crane track 11 can be detected by the encoder 13, so that the moving distance of the overhead crane moving mechanism 7 can be effectively positioned, which is convenient for realizing the purpose of automatically controlling the moving position of the overhead crane moving mechanism 7. The encoder 13 is a common prior art device for detecting the moving distance of the auxiliary wheel 12 in the prior art. By measuring the number of rotations and the rotation distance of the auxiliary wheel 12, the moving distance of the overhead crane moving mechanism 7 can be judged.

[0064] A plurality of calibration points 14 are equidistantly arranged on the top side of the mounting bridge 6, and a laser detection device 10 is also arranged on the overhead crane moving mechanism 7. The plurality of calibration points 14 are all installed on the top of the workshop wall, and a plurality of mounting rods are fixedly connected to the top of the walls on both sides of the workshop, and each calibration point 14 is installed on the corresponding mounting rod, and fixed rods are also arranged on both sides of the top of the overhead crane moving mechanism 7, and a laser detection device 10 is arranged on the fixed rods. Because when the plurality of aluminum electrolytic cells in the electrolysis workshop are successively subjected to the pole-changing operation, it is necessary to make the overhead crane moving mechanism 7 reciprocate between the two mounting bridges 6. After the overhead crane moving mechanism 7 is moved multiple times, because the overhead crane moving mechanism 7 is driven by a mechanical structure, after the overhead crane moving mechanism 7 has been operated multiple times, the overhead crane moving mechanism 7 is reciprocated. There may be a certain deviation in the normal moving distance of the overhead crane moving mechanism 7 and the encoder 13 program. In order to correct the deviation problem in the movement process of the overhead crane moving mechanism 7, during the movement of the overhead crane moving mechanism 7, the fixed rod on the top of the overhead crane moving mechanism 7 and the laser detection device 10 will move with the overhead crane moving mechanism 7. After the detection laser emitted by the laser detection device 10 corresponds to the corresponding calibration point 14, the corresponding moving position of the overhead crane moving mechanism 7 on the mounting bridge 6 is determined. After determining the specific position of the overhead crane moving mechanism 7, the program automatically corrects the error of the moving distance of the auxiliary wheel 12 recorded on the encoder 13, so as to continue to use the encoder 13 and the auxiliary wheel 12 to determine the moving distance of the overhead crane moving mechanism 7.

[0065] It needs to be further explained that, because the overhead crane mobile mechanism 7 and the two mounting bridge frames 6 are driven by independent mobile drive devices, during use, sometimes the mobile drive device on one side of the overhead crane mobile mechanism 7 will start slowly, or the driving power of the two mobile drive devices will be uneven. Therefore, in the present application, during the movement of the overhead crane mobile mechanism 7, the auxiliary wheel 12 and the encoder 13 cooperate with each other to monitor the moving speed of both sides of the overhead crane mobile mechanism 7, thereby avoiding the problem of uneven driving force on both sides of the overhead crane mobile mechanism 7 during use.

[0066] The circular frame 8 is also included, and the circular frame 8 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the mobile trolley 1. A position adjustment mechanism 200 is arranged on the circular frame 8. The position adjustment mechanism 200 includes a rotating ring 15 and a rotating platform 16. The rotating ring 15 is rotatably arranged in the circular frame 8. A circular ring rotating assembly is arranged between the rotating ring 15 and the circular frame 8. The circular ring rotating assembly includes a third drive motor 45 and a conical drive gear 47. The third drive motor 45 is arranged on the circular frame 8. A conical tooth segment 46 is fixedly connected to the rotating ring 15. A worm gear reducer is arranged between the output end of the third drive motor 45 and the conical drive gear 47. The gear 47 is meshed with the conical tooth segment 46, wherein the height measuring device 2 and the residue scooping device 3 are both connected to the rotating ring 15, the rotating platform 16 is fixedly connected to the inner arc surface of the rotating ring 15, and the lateral moving component is arranged between the rotating platform 16, the material suction and discharge device 4 and the shell breaking device 5. When it is necessary to adjust the angles and positions of the height measuring device 2, the residue scooping device 3, the rotating platform 16, the material suction and discharge device 4, the shell breaking device 5 and the concave frame 9 in sequence, the third driving motor 45 is started, and the rotating ring 15 and the rotating platform 16 are driven to rotate through the meshing effect between the conical driving gear 47 and the conical tooth segment 46;

[0067] The height measuring device 2 and the residue scooping device 3 are respectively arranged on both sides of the position adjustment mechanism 200. A lateral moving component is arranged between the material suction and discharge device 4, the shell breaking device 5 and the position adjustment mechanism 200. The lateral moving component includes a sliding trough 17 and a transmission screw 19. Two sliding troughs 17 are provided on the rotating platform 16. A sliding seat 18 is slidably arranged in the sliding trough 17. The material suction and discharge device 4 and the shell breaking device 5 are respectively connected to the corresponding sliding seats 18. A transmission screw 19 is rotatably connected to the sliding trough 17. The sliding seat 18 is threadedly connected to the transmission screw 19 on the same side. A joint driving structure is arranged between the two transmission screws 19. The joint driving structure includes a fourth driving motor 48. The fourth driving motor 48 is arranged on the rotating platform 16. A transmission gear 49 is arranged on the same side of the two transmission screws 19. A transmission toothed belt 50 is provided between the moving gears 49, and the output end of the fourth drive motor 48 is fixedly connected to one of the transmission lead screws 19. Because the two residual poles will be replaced synchronously during use of the present application, in order to complete the shelling and suction operations of the two residual poles in sequence, the fourth drive motor 48 can be started after completing the shelling operation of one of the residual poles. Through the transmission effect of the transmission gear 49 and the transmission toothed belt 50, the two transmission lead screws 19 are driven to rotate. The threaded sections of the two transmission lead screws 19 are opposite, so that the two sliding seats 18 will move in opposite directions in the sliding groove 17. After adjusting the position of the shelling device 5, the position of the suction and discharge device 4 is adjusted synchronously, and the shelling device 5 and the suction and discharge device 4 are respectively corresponding to the corresponding residual pole positions, so as to complete the shelling and suction operations of the two residual poles in sequence.

[0068] The concave frame 9 can be lifted and lowered at the bottom of the circular frame 8. A hydraulic drive device 51 is arranged between the concave frame 9 and the rotating platform 16. The hydraulic drive device 51 is used to adjust the longitudinal height of the concave frame 9. A residual pole grabbing mechanism 300 and a fixture disassembly device 54 are arranged on the concave frame 9. The residual pole grabbing mechanism 300 includes a guide rod grabbing device 20, a rotating cylinder 21, a sliding cylinder 24 and a corresponding meshing component. Guide rod grabbing devices 20 are arranged on both sides of the concave frame 9. The rotating cylinder 21 is connected to the middle of the bottom end of the concave frame 9. Rotating seats 22 are arranged on both sides of the rotating cylinder 21. A bidirectional screw 23 is rotatably connected between the two rotating seats 22. A gear drive assembly is arranged in the bidirectional screw 23 and the concave frame 9. The gear drive assembly includes a first drive motor 27, a rotating shaft 28 and a conical Gear 29, the first drive motor 27 is arranged in the concave frame 9, and a rotating shaft 28 is rotatably connected between the concave frame 9 and the rotating cylinder 21, and the output end of the first drive motor 27 is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 28. The bidirectional screw 23 and the rotating shaft 28 are both provided with a bevel gear 29, and the two bevel gears 29 are meshed. After the concave frame 9 is moved between the tops of the two residual poles, a through hole is pre-opened on the metal guide rod at the top of the residual pole. In order to fix the concave frame 9 and the two residual pole tops, after the guide rod grabbing device 20 is moved to the outside of the top of the residual pole, the top of the residual pole can be fastened and grabbed using the guide rod grabbing device 20. The guide rod grabbing device 20 is also a device in the prior art for grabbing the metal guide rod at the top of the residual pole, and is a prior art device well known to those skilled in the art.

[0069] The fixture disassembly device 54 moves up and down along with the concave frame 9. The fixture disassembly device 54 is provided with two hooks 5401 and a motor 5402. The motor 5402 is located at the middle upper side of the two hooks. A screw head 5403 for screw disassembly is installed at the bottom output end of the motor 5402. The specific structure of the fixture disassembly device 54 is as follows: Fig.13 As shown, the fixture 55 includes a fixed portion 5501 and a movable portion 5502. The fixed portion 5501 is fixedly arranged on the balancing busbar. The fixed portion 5501 and the movable portion 5502 are locked by a screw 5503. The screw 5503 can be used to lock the guide rod on the residual pole or the anode. The specific structure of the fixture 55 is as follows Fig.13 As shown, after the guide rod is fixed, the clamp disassembly device 54 moves downward, and the screw head 5403 is aligned with the screw rod 5503. At this time, the two hook bodies 5401 are located below the movable part 5502, and the screw head 5503 is driven by the motor 5402 to rotate to disassemble the screw rod 5503, thereby separating the movable part 5502 from the fixed part 5501 on the clamp 55, and the movable part 5502 is hooked and taken away by moving the two hook bodies 5401 upward, thereby facilitating the placement and removal of the guide rod.

[0070] The two sides of the rotating cylinder 21 are respectively connected to the sliding cylinder 24, and a polygonal connecting rod 25 is slidably arranged in the sliding cylinder 24, wherein a cavity is opened inside the polygonal connecting rod 25, and the two sides of the bidirectional screw 23 are respectively located in the corresponding cavities, and nuts 26 are arranged in the cavities, and the nuts 26 are threadedly connected to one side of the bidirectional screw 23, and corresponding meshing components are arranged between the two sides of the concave frame 9 and the two polygonal connecting rods 25, and the corresponding meshing components include a meshing sleeve 30 and a position sensor 31, and the two sides of the concave frame 9 are fixedly connected with the meshing sleeve 30, and the polygonal connecting rod 25 is fitted with the inner wall of the meshing sleeve 30, and a position sensor 31 is correspondingly arranged between the inside of the meshing sleeve 30 and the side wall of the polygonal connecting rod 25, and in order to accurately control the descending height of the concave frame 9 between the two residual poles, firstly, the laser detection device 10 on the connecting plate 43 is matched with the corresponding sensing point 33 to determine the longitudinal position of the concave frame 9 and the two residual poles, and then by starting The hydraulic drive device 51 drives the longitudinal position of the concave frame 9, so that the concave frame 9 descends between the metal guide rods at the top of the two residual poles. During the descending process, the position sensor 31 between the engaging sleeve 30 and the polygonal connecting rod 25 passes through the through-hole and senses each other, and calculates the descending height of the hydraulic drive device 51, so that the polygonal connecting rod 25 corresponds to the through-hole. Then, the first drive motor 27 is started to drive the rotating shaft 28 to rotate, and the two bevel gears 29 are engaged to rotate the bidirectional screw 23 between the two rotating seats 22. Under the threaded connection between the nut 26 and the bidirectional screw 23, the polygonal connecting rod 25 slides in the sliding cylinder 24, so that the polygonal connecting rod 25 passes through the through-hole, and the inner wall of the through-hole fits with the side wall of the polygonal connecting rod 25. After passing through the through-hole, the polygonal connecting rod 25 will enter the engaging sleeve 30. As the hydraulic drive device 51 drives the concave frame 9 to rise, the residual pole is removed from the aluminum electrolytic cell, and the replacement operation of the residual pole is completed.

[0071] The bus duct on the aluminum electrolysis cell and the guide rod on the top of the residual pole are electrically connected using a clamp 55. When the clamp disassembly device 54 follows the concave frame 9 to descend, the clamp 55 between the bus duct and the guide rod is disassembled by the clamp disassembly device 54 to facilitate the removal of the residual pole from the aluminum electrolysis cell. After the anode is subsequently moved into the aluminum electrolysis cell, the movable part 5502 is sent to the installation position of the fixed part 5501 using the clamp disassembly device 54. The motor 5402 is then used to rotate the screwdriver 5403 to rotate and tighten the screw 5503, so that the guide rod and the bus duct can be locked and electrically connected.

[0072] The closed position sensing mechanism 400 is arranged on the aluminum electrolytic cell, and a laser detection device 10 is correspondingly arranged on the concave frame 9. The closed position sensing mechanism 400 includes a closed cover 32, a removal cylinder 34 and an ejection cylinder 36. The closed cover 32 is arranged on the aluminum electrolytic cell. The closed cover 32 is specially provided with a coating and material for the strong magnetic reaction generated during the operation of the aluminum electrolytic cell, so that each component in the closed cover 32 can be used normally. A plurality of sensing points 33 cooperating with the laser detection device 10 are arranged in the closed cover 32, and the sensing points 33 correspond to the position of the residual pole. The top of the closed cover 32 is connected to a plurality of removal cylinders 34, and the removal cylinders 34 correspond to the sensing points 33 one by one. A plurality of shielding sheets 35 are provided, a moving assembly is provided between the ejection cylinder 36 and the inside of the closed cover 32, and a lens 37 is provided on the top of the ejection cylinder 36. When the corresponding sensing point 33 needs to be sensed with the laser detection device 10, the ejection cylinder 36 is moved to the upper side of the corresponding sensing point 33, and the ejection cylinder 36 corresponds to the corresponding removal cylinder 34, so that the ejection cylinder 36 rises and enters the removal cylinder 34, and the ejection cylinder 36 pushes the plurality of shielding sheets 35 to move upward, so that the lens 37 leaks out of the removal cylinder 34, so that the detection laser emitted by the laser detection device 10 can penetrate the lens 37 and sense the sensing point 33, thereby determining the positions of the concave frame 9, the shell breaking device 5, and the material suction and discharge device 4;

[0073] The moving assembly includes a moving screw 38, a lifting seat 40 and a bending lifting member 41. The moving screw 38 is rotatably connected in the closed cover 32. A second drive motor 39 is arranged in the closed cover 32. The output end of the second drive motor 39 is fixedly connected to the moving screw 38. The lifting seat 40 is slidably arranged in the closed cover 32. The lifting seat 40 is threadedly connected to the moving screw 38. The ejection cylinder 36 is longitudinally slidably connected in the lifting seat 40. The lifting seat 40 is provided with a first electric cylinder 42. The bottom of the bending lifting member 41 is connected to the ejection cylinder 36. 6 is fixedly connected, the output end of the first electric cylinder 42 is fixedly connected to the top of the bending lifting member 41. When it is necessary to move the position of the ejection cylinder 36, the second driving motor 39 is started to drive the moving screw 38 to rotate, so that the lifting seat 40 drives the ejection cylinder 36 to move horizontally, so that the ejection cylinder 36 moves to the bottom of the corresponding removal cylinder 34, and then the first electric cylinder 42 is started to drive the bending lifting member 41 and the ejection cylinder 36 to rise. The bending lifting member 41 is provided to reserve the installation space of the first electric cylinder 42 on the lifting seat 40.

[0074] It also includes a connecting plate 1 43 and a connecting plate 2 44. Both sides of the concave frame 9 are fixedly connected with the connecting plate 1 43. The connecting plate 1 43 is provided with a laser detection device 10. The same side of the suction and discharge device 4 and the shelling device 5 is fixedly connected with the connecting plate 2 44. The connecting plate 2 44 is also provided with a laser detection device 10. The spacing between the two connecting plates 1 43 is equal to the spacing between the two residual poles, and the spacing between the connecting plate 1 43 and the residue scooping device 3 is also equal to the distance between the two residual poles. When the two residual poles need to be replaced synchronously, the overhead crane mobile device is brought During the movement of the movable concave frame 9, the laser detection device 10 on one of the connecting plates 43 on the concave frame 9 corresponds to the corresponding sensing point 33, so as to determine the longitudinal position of the concave frame 9. Before replacing the residual anode, it is necessary to perform shelling and material suction operations on the residual anode in the aluminum electrolytic cell. By synchronously adjusting the positions of the two sliding seats 18, the shelling device 5 and the material suction and discharge device 4 are moved, so that the laser detection device 10 set on the connecting plate 2 44 corresponds to the sensing point 33, so as to determine the positions of the shelling device 5 and the material suction and discharge device 4.

[0075] The laser detection device 10 is a prior art device well known to those skilled in the art. Since the laser detection device 10 has a long detection distance, the laser detection device 10 can effectively target the strong magnetic reaction during the working process near the aluminum electrolytic cell.

[0076] The working principle or use process of the PTM anode automatic pole changing device for aluminum electrolysis cell is as follows:

[0077] When the residual poles in two of the aluminum electrolytic cells need to be replaced, the mobile trolley 1 and the components installed on the mobile trolley 1 need to be moved to the upper side of the corresponding two aluminum electrolytic cells. First, the overhead crane moving mechanism 7 is moved between the two mounting bridges 6. During the movement of the overhead crane moving mechanism 7, the auxiliary wheel 12 is driven to rotate on the overhead crane track 11. The moving distance of the auxiliary wheel 12 is detected by the encoder 13, so that the moving distance of the overhead crane moving mechanism 7 between the two mounting bridges 6 corresponds to the specified moving distance in the program, so that the overhead crane moving mechanism 7 automatically moves the mobile trolley 1 to the upper side area of ​​the aluminum electrolytic cell where the pole needs to be replaced;

[0078] Since the overhead crane moving mechanism 7 is driven by a mechanical structure, after the overhead crane moving mechanism 7 has run for many times, the normal moving distances of the overhead crane moving mechanism 7 and the encoder 13 program may deviate to a certain extent. In order to correct the deviation problem in the moving process of the overhead crane moving mechanism 7, during the moving process of the overhead crane moving mechanism 7, the fixed rod on the top of the overhead crane moving mechanism 7 and the laser detection device 10 will move with the overhead crane moving mechanism 7. After the detection laser emitted by the laser detection device 10 corresponds to the corresponding calibration point 14, the corresponding moving position of the overhead crane moving mechanism 7 on the mounting bridge 6 is determined. After determining the specific position of the overhead crane moving mechanism 7, the program automatically corrects the error of the moving distance of the auxiliary wheel 12 recorded on the encoder 13, so as to continue to use the encoder 13 and the auxiliary wheel 12 to cooperate to determine the moving distance of the overhead crane moving mechanism 7.

[0079] In order to make the aluminum electrolytic cell that needs to be changed poles correspond to the position of the mobile trolley 1, the second drive motor 39 is started to drive the moving screw 38 to rotate, so that the lifting seat 40 drives the ejection cylinder 36 to move horizontally, so that the ejection cylinder 36 moves to the bottom of the corresponding removal cylinder 34, and then the first electric cylinder 42 is started to drive the bending lifting member 41 and the ejection cylinder 36 to rise, so that the ejection cylinder 36 rises and enters the removal cylinder 34, and the ejection cylinder 36 pushes the multiple shielding plates 35 to move upward, so that the lens 37 leaks out from the removal cylinder 34, so that the detection laser emitted by the laser detection device 10 can penetrate the lens 37 and sense the sensing point 33, thereby determining the position of the concave frame 9;

[0080] After determining the position of the concave frame 9, continue to adjust the positions of the shelling device 5 and the suction and discharge device 4. During the movement of the shelling device 5, the laser detection device 10 on the connecting plate 44 senses the sensing point 33 at the bottom of the ejection cylinder 36 to determine the position of the shelling device 5, so that the position of the shelling device 5 corresponds to one of the aluminum electrolytic cells, and then use the shelling device 5 to perform shelling operations on the surface of the residual pole in the aluminum electrolytic cell, and then start the fourth drive motor 48, and drive the two drive screws 19 to rotate through the transmission effect of the transmission gear 49 and the transmission toothed belt 50. The threaded sections of the two drive screws 19 are opposite, so that the two sliding seats 18 will move in opposite directions in the sliding groove body 17. After adjusting the position of the shelling device 5, the position of the suction and discharge device 4 is adjusted synchronously, and the shelling device 5 and the suction and discharge device 4 are respectively corresponding to the corresponding residual pole positions, so that the shelling device 5 and the suction and discharge device 4 complete the shelling and suction operations of the residual poles in the two aluminum electrolytic cells in turn;

[0081] Then the concave frame 9 is lowered. During the gradual lowering of the concave frame 9, the position sensor 31 between the meshing sleeve 30 and the polygonal connecting rod 25 is sensed by each other after passing through the through-hole, and the descending height of the hydraulic drive device 51 is calculated, so that the polygonal connecting rod 25 corresponds to the through-hole. Then the first drive motor 27 is started to drive the rotating shaft 28 to rotate, and the two bevel gears 29 are meshed to rotate the bidirectional screw 23 between the two rotating seats 22. Under the threaded connection between the nut 26 and the bidirectional screw 23, the polygonal connecting rod 25 slides in the sliding cylinder 24, so that the polygonal connecting rod 25 passes through the through-hole, and the inner wall of the through-hole fits with the side wall of the polygonal connecting rod 25. After passing through the through-hole, the polygonal connecting rod 25 will enter the meshing sleeve 30. As the hydraulic drive device 51 drives the concave frame 9 to rise, the residual pole is removed from the aluminum electrolytic cell, and the replacement operation of the residual pole is completed.

[0082] After the residual anode is removed from the aluminum electrolytic cell, the concave frame 9 is moved laterally under the action of the overhead traveling device. During the movement, the laser detection device 10 on the connecting plate 1 43 is re-sensed with the sensing points 33 at other positions during the lateral movement. At this time, the residual scooping device 3 is located just above the aluminum electrolytic cell, and then the residual scooping device 3 is used to scoop the residual in the aluminum liquid in the aluminum electrolytic cell.

[0083] When the mobile trolley 1 and the concave frame 9 are driven by the overhead crane moving device to move the residual pole to the specified position, in order to adjust the moving position of the residual pole, the rotating ring 15 can be driven to rotate in the circular frame 8, so that the rotating ring 15 can drive the rotating platform 16 to rotate together, and the positions of multiple components on the rotating platform 16 are adjusted together to achieve the adjustment of the moving position of the residual pole. In the process of grabbing and moving the new anode by the concave frame 9, the height of the anode can be measured by the height measuring device 2 to prevent the anode from colliding with the equipment during the movement of the new anode. After the new anode is moved into the aluminum electrolytic cell, the position of the suction and discharge device 4 is moved again so that the suction and discharge device 4 can spray the insulation material residue on the surface of the anode.

[0084] Embodiment 2: Based on an automatic anode pole changing device for a PTM aluminum electrolytic cell, this embodiment 2 also proposes an automatic anode pole changing method for a PTM aluminum electrolytic cell, comprising the following steps:

[0085] Step 1, positioning and moving of the overhead crane: during the process of moving the anode into the aluminum electrolysis cell for aluminum electrolysis operation, after the anode is used for a fixed period of time, the anode in the aluminum electrolysis cell becomes a residual anode, and after the anode is moved into the aluminum electrolysis cell, the aluminum electrolysis time of the anode is recorded, so after the anode becomes a residual anode, the positions of the two aluminum electrolysis cells that need to replace the anode can be known in advance, and then the overhead crane moving mechanism 7 is moved between the two mounting bridges 6, and during the movement of the overhead crane moving mechanism 7, the auxiliary wheel 12 is driven to rotate in the overhead crane track 11, and the moving distance of the auxiliary wheel 12 is detected by the encoder 13, so that the moving distance of the overhead crane moving mechanism 7 between the two mounting bridges 6 corresponds to the specified moving distance in the program, and the mobile trolley 1 is moved to the upper side of the corresponding aluminum electrolysis cell;

[0086] Step 2, deviation correction: During the movement of the overhead crane moving mechanism 7, the laser detection device 10 on the top of the overhead crane moving mechanism 7 will move along with the overhead crane moving mechanism 7. After the detection laser emitted by the laser detection device 10 corresponds to the corresponding calibration point 14, the corresponding moving position of the overhead crane moving mechanism 7 on the mounting bridge 6 is determined. After determining the specific position of the overhead crane moving mechanism 7, the program automatically corrects the error of the moving distance of the auxiliary wheel 12 recorded on the encoder 13, and corrects the error in the movement of the overhead crane moving mechanism 7.

[0087] Step 3: Anode positioning scanning: Move the position of the overhead traveling crane moving mechanism 7 to move the overhead traveling crane moving mechanism 7 to the placement position of the anode. During the gradual movement of the overhead traveling crane moving mechanism 7, the mobile trolley 1 detects the placement position of the anode in the workshop through the laser detection device 10 provided on the connecting plate 43. The laser detection device 10 provided on the connecting plate 43 is positioned with the top of the anode guide rod, and the placement position of the anode guide rod in the workshop is recorded.

[0088] Step 4, determine the pole-changing position: after determining the position of the aluminum electrolytic cell that needs to be pole-changed, the subsequent moving position of the ejector cylinder 36 can be determined, and the position and height of the ejector cylinder 36 in the closed cover 32 are adjusted by the moving assembly, so that the ejector cylinder 36 rises and enters the removal cylinder 34, and the ejector cylinder 36 pushes the multiple shielding pieces 35 to move upward, so that the lens 37 leaks out of the removal cylinder 34;

[0089] Step 5, finding the aluminum electrolytic cell: the mobile device of the overhead crane drives the moving trolley 1 and the concave frame 9 and other components to move. During the movement of the concave frame 9, the laser detection device 10 on the connecting plate 43 on the concave frame 9 and the ejection cylinder 36 on one side emits a detection laser through the lens 37, so that the laser detection device 10 corresponds to the corresponding sensing point 33, and the position of the concave frame 9 is determined;

[0090] Step 6: Positioning and identifying the residual pole guide rod: After the concave frame 9 is moved to the specified position, the laser detection device 10 on the connecting plate 43 senses the corresponding sensing point 33. At this time, the guide rod grabbing device 20 is located directly above the residual pole guide rod. The overhead crane mobile device can mark this area, so that when the subsequent overhead crane mobile device drives the concave frame 9 to move the anode, the anode can be directly moved to the vicinity of this area;

[0091] Step 7, material suction: after determining the position of the concave frame 9, continue to adjust the positions of the shelling device 5 and the material suction and discharge device 4. During the movement of the material suction and discharge device 4, the laser detection device 10 on the connecting plate 44 senses the sensing point 33 at the bottom of the ejection cylinder 36 to determine the position of the material suction and discharge device 4, so that the position of the material suction and discharge device 4 corresponds to one of the aluminum electrolytic cells, and then the material suction and discharge device 4 is used to suck the insulation covering material on the surface of the residual electrode;

[0092] Step 8, shelling: after the anode butts in the aluminum electrolytic cell are sucked, the two transmission screws 19 are driven to rotate by the joint driving structure, so that the two sliding seats 18 will move in opposite directions in the sliding trough body 17, and after the position of the shelling device 5 is adjusted, the position of the suction and discharge device 4 is adjusted synchronously, and the shelling device 5 and the suction and discharge device 4 are respectively aligned with the corresponding anode butts positions, and the shelling device 5 starts to automatically descend, and then the shelling device 5 is used to perform a shelling operation on the anode butts in the aluminum electrolytic cell, and the four sides of the heat-insulating material on the anode butts surface are broken, and then the shelling device 5 and the suction and discharge device 4 are reset, so that the suction and discharge device 4 continues to suck the heat-insulating material on the anode butts in the aluminum electrolytic cell;

[0093] Step 9, automatically grab the residual pole: a through hole is opened at the top of the residual pole, firstly, the concave frame 9 is lowered, and during the gradual lowering of the concave frame 9, the position sensor 31 between the meshing sleeve 30 and the polygonal connecting rod 25 passes through the through hole and senses each other, so that the polygonal connecting rod 25 corresponds to the through hole, and then the guide rod grabbing device 20 automatically grabs the top of the residual pole, and then the first driving motor 27 is automatically started to drive the rotating shaft 28 to rotate, and the two bevel gears 29 are meshed to make the bidirectional screw 23 rotate between the two rotating seats 22, and under the threaded connection between the nut 26 and the bidirectional screw 23, the polygonal connecting rod 25 slides in the sliding cylinder 24, so that the polygonal connecting rod 25 passes through the through hole, and the inner wall of the through hole fits with the side wall of the polygonal connecting rod 25, and the polygonal connecting rod 25 passes through the through hole and enters the meshing sleeve 30, and then the electrical connection between the residual pole and the bus duct is released by the fixture disassembly device 54;

[0094] Step 10, pulling out the anode butts: then driving the concave frame 9 upward to make the bottom of the anode butts separate from the liquid surface in the aluminum electrolysis cell, then driving the moving trolley 1 to move horizontally, and then driving the concave frame 9 and the anode butts upward again, after all the anode butts are removed from the aluminum electrolysis cell, the overhead crane moving mechanism 7 drives the anode butts to move horizontally;

[0095] Step 11: Placing the anode butts: driving the rotating ring 15 to rotate in the circular frame 8, so that the rotating ring 15 can drive the rotating platform 16 to rotate together, adjusting the positions of multiple components on the rotating platform 16 together, thereby adjusting the moving position of the anode butts, and then placing the anode butts at the corresponding position in the workshop;

[0096] Step 12, scooping up the residue: after the residual anode is removed from the aluminum electrolytic cell, the residue inside the aluminum electrolytic cell is scooped up by observing the internal situation of the aluminum electrolytic cell. When scooping up, the concave frame 9 is moved laterally under the action of the overhead crane moving device. During the movement, the laser detection device 10 on the connecting plate 1 43 re-senses the position with the sensing point 33 at other positions during the lateral movement. At this time, the residue scooping device 3 is located just above the aluminum electrolytic cell. When it is necessary to scoop up the residue in the aluminum electrolytic cell, the residue scooping device 3 starts preparation work, and then the residue scooping device 3 is used to scoop up the residue in the aluminum liquid in the aluminum electrolytic cell;

[0097] Step 13, measuring the height of the anode butts: in the process of moving the mobile trolley 1 and the concave frame 9 to the designated position by the overhead crane mobile device, the bottom height of the anode butts is measured and recorded using the height measuring device 2 to obtain the height of the anode to be subsequently placed in the aluminum electrolysis cell;

[0098] Step 14, grabbing the anode: moving the concave frame 9 to the anode position located in step 3, so that the concave frame 9 is moved directly above the anode, using multiple components on the concave frame 9 to grab the anode, and then moving the grabbed anode toward the aluminum electrolysis cell. During the process of grabbing and moving the new anode by the concave frame 9, the height of the anode can be measured by the height measuring device 2, so that the height of the anode corresponds to the height of the residual anode measured in step 12;

[0099] Step 15, automatically placing the anode: using the overhead crane mobile device to adjust the position of the concave frame 9 so that the concave frame 9 can put the anode into the aluminum electrolytic cell, and then using the clamp disassembly device 54 to electrically connect the anode to the busbar of the aluminum electrolytic cell;

[0100] Step 16, material spreading: reposition the suction and discharge device 4 so that the suction and discharge device 4 can spray the insulation material residue on the surface of the anode, install the cover plate on the aluminum electrolytic cell, and then continue the aluminum electrolysis operation.

[0101] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An automatic anode changing device for an aluminum electrolytic cell PTM, comprising an overhead traveling crane mobile device and a mobile trolley (1), wherein the mobile trolley (1) is arranged on the overhead traveling crane mobile device, a height measuring device (2) and a residue scooping device (3) are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the mobile trolley (1), and a material suction and discharge device (4) and a shell breaking device (5) are respectively arranged on both sides of the interior of the mobile trolley (1), characterized in that: Also includes: A positioning and deviation correction mechanism (100), wherein the overhead travelling mobile device comprises two mounting bridges (6) and an overhead travelling mobile mechanism (7), wherein the overhead travelling mobile mechanism (7) is movably arranged between the two mounting bridges (6), and the positioning and deviation correction mechanism (100) is arranged between both sides of the overhead travelling mobile mechanism (7) and the mounting bridges (6); a circular frame (8), the circular frame (8) being fixedly connected to the bottom of the mobile trolley (1), the circular frame (8) being provided with a position adjustment mechanism (200), the height measurement device (2) and the residue scooping device (3) being respectively provided on both sides of the position adjustment mechanism (200), and a lateral movement component being provided between the material suction and discharge device (4), the shell breaking device (5) and the position adjustment mechanism (200); A concave frame (9), the concave frame (9) being liftably arranged at the bottom of the circular frame (8), the concave frame (9) being provided with a residual pole grasping mechanism (300) and a fixture disassembly device (54), and the concave frame (9) being correspondingly provided with a laser detection device (10); It also includes a closed position sensing mechanism (400), wherein the closed position sensing mechanism (400) is arranged on the aluminum electrolysis cell, and the closed position sensing mechanism (400) includes: A closed cover (32), the closed cover (32) being arranged on the aluminum electrolysis cell, a plurality of sensing points (33) cooperating with the laser detection device (10) being arranged in the closed cover (32), the sensing points (33) corresponding to the positions of the residual poles; A removal cylinder (34), wherein the top end of the closed cover (32) is connected to a plurality of the removal cylinders (34), the removal cylinders (34) correspond to the sensing points (33) one by one, and a plurality of shielding sheets (35) are arranged inside the removal cylinders (34); An ejection cylinder (36), wherein a moving assembly is provided between the ejection cylinder (36) and the interior of the closed cover (32), and a lens (37) is provided on the top of the ejection cylinder (36); The positioning and deviation correction mechanism (100) comprises: An overhead crane track (11), the bottom of the mounting bridge (6) being fixedly connected to the overhead crane track (11); An auxiliary wheel (12), the bottom of the overhead travelling mechanism (7) being rotatably provided with an auxiliary wheel (12), a clamping structure being provided between the auxiliary wheel (12) and the overhead travelling mechanism (7), and an encoder (13) being provided between the clamping structure and the auxiliary wheel (12); Calibration points (14), a plurality of the calibration points (14) are equidistantly arranged on the top side of the mounting bridge (6), and the laser detection device (10) is also arranged on the overhead traveling mechanism (7).

2. The automatic anode changing device for aluminum electrolysis cell PTM according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The position adjustment mechanism (200) comprises: a rotating ring (15), the rotating ring (15) being rotatably arranged in the circular frame (8), and a ring rotating assembly being arranged between the rotating ring (15) and the circular frame (8); Wherein, the height measuring device (2) and the residue scooping device (3) are both connected to the rotating ring (15); A rotating platform (16), the rotating platform (16) being fixedly connected to the inner arc surface of the rotating ring (15), and the transverse moving component being arranged between the rotating platform (16), the material suction and discharge device (4) and the shell breaking device (5).

3. The automatic anode changing device for PTM aluminum electrolysis cell according to claim 2, characterized in that: The lateral movement component comprises: Sliding troughs (17), two sliding troughs (17) are provided on the rotating platform (16), sliding seats (18) are slidably arranged in the sliding troughs (17), and the material suction and discharge device (4) and the shell breaking device (5) are respectively connected to the corresponding sliding seats (18); A transmission screw (19) is rotatably connected to the sliding groove body (17), the sliding seat (18) is threadedly connected to the transmission screw (19) on the same side, and a joint driving structure is provided between the two transmission screws (19).

4. The automatic anode changing device for PTM aluminum electrolysis cell according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The residual pole grabbing mechanism (300) comprises: A guide rod grabbing device (20), wherein the guide rod grabbing device (20) is disposed on both sides of the concave frame (9); A rotating cylinder (21), the rotating cylinder (21) being connected to the middle of the bottom end of the concave frame (9), rotating seats (22) being arranged on both sides of the rotating cylinder (21), a bidirectional screw (23) being rotatably connected between the two rotating seats (22), and a gear driving assembly being arranged inside the bidirectional screw (23) and the concave frame (9); A sliding cylinder (24), wherein both sides of the rotating cylinder (21) are respectively connected to the sliding cylinder (24), and a polygonal connecting rod (25) is slidably arranged in the sliding cylinder (24); The polygonal connecting rod (25) has a cavity inside, and two sides of the bidirectional screw (23) are respectively located in the corresponding cavities. A nut (26) is arranged in the cavity, and the nut (26) is threadedly connected to one side of the bidirectional screw (23); Corresponding engagement components are provided between the two sides of the concave frame (9) and the two polygonal connecting rods (25).

5. The automatic anode changing device for PTM aluminum electrolysis cell according to claim 4, characterized in that: The gear drive assembly comprises: a first drive motor (27), the first drive motor (27) being arranged in the concave frame (9); a rotating shaft (28), the rotating shaft (28) passing through and rotatably connected between the concave frame (9) and the rotating cylinder (21), and the output end of the first driving motor (27) being fixedly connected to the rotating shaft (28); A bevel gear (29), wherein the bidirectional screw (23) and the rotating shaft (28) are both provided with the bevel gear (29), and the two bevel gears (29) are meshed.

6. The automatic anode changing device for PTM aluminum electrolysis cell according to claim 5, characterized in that: The corresponding engagement components include: An engagement sleeve (30), wherein both sides of the concave frame (9) are fixedly connected to the engagement sleeve (30), and the polygonal connecting rod (25) is in contact with the inner wall of the engagement sleeve (30); A position sensor (31) is provided correspondingly between the interior of the engagement sleeve (30) and the side wall of the polygonal connecting rod (25).

7. The automatic anode changing device for PTM aluminum electrolysis cell according to claim 6, characterized in that: Also includes: A connecting plate (43), both sides of the concave frame (9) are fixedly connected to the connecting plate (43), and the laser detection device (10) is arranged on the connecting plate (43); A second connecting plate (44) is fixedly connected to the same side of the material suction and discharge device (4) and the shell breaking device (5), and the second connecting plate (44) is also provided with the laser detection device (10).

8. A method for automatic anode replacement of an aluminum electrolytic cell PTM, using the automatic anode replacement device of an aluminum electrolytic cell PTM according to claim 7, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1, positioning and moving the overhead crane: during the process of moving the anode into the aluminum electrolysis cell for aluminum electrolysis operation, after the anode is used for a fixed period of time, the anode in the aluminum electrolysis cell becomes a residual anode, and after the anode is moved into the aluminum electrolysis cell, the aluminum electrolysis time of the anode is recorded, so after the anode becomes a residual anode, the positions of the two aluminum electrolysis cells that need to replace the anode are known in advance, and then the overhead crane moving mechanism (7) is moved between the two mounting bridges (6). During the movement of the overhead crane moving mechanism (7), the auxiliary wheel (12) is driven to rotate in the overhead crane track (11), and the moving distance of the auxiliary wheel (12) is detected by the encoder (13), so that the moving distance of the overhead crane moving mechanism (7) between the two mounting bridges (6) corresponds to the specified moving distance in the program, and the moving trolley (1) is moved to the upper side of the corresponding aluminum electrolysis cell; Step 2, deviation correction: during the movement of the overhead crane moving mechanism (7), the laser detection device (10) on the top of the overhead crane moving mechanism (7) will move along with the overhead crane moving mechanism (7), and after the detection laser emitted by the laser detection device (10) corresponds to the corresponding calibration point (14), the corresponding moving position of the overhead crane moving mechanism (7) on the mounting bridge (6) is determined. After determining the specific position of the overhead crane moving mechanism (7), the program automatically corrects the error of the moving distance of the auxiliary wheel (12) recorded on the encoder (13), thereby correcting the error during the movement of the overhead crane moving mechanism (7); Step 3, anode positioning scanning: the position of the overhead travelling crane moving mechanism (7) is moved to move the overhead travelling crane moving mechanism (7) toward the placement position of the anode. During the gradual movement of the overhead travelling crane moving mechanism (7), the moving trolley (1) detects the placement position of the anode in the workshop through the laser detection device (10) arranged on the connecting plate 1 (43), the laser detection device (10) arranged on the connecting plate 1 (43) is positioned with the top of the anode guide rod, and the placement position of the anode guide rod on the anode in the workshop is recorded; Step 4, determining the pole-changing position: after determining the position of the aluminum electrolytic cell that needs to be pole-changed, judging the subsequent moving position of the ejector cylinder (36), adjusting the position and height of the ejector cylinder (36) in the closed cover (32) through the moving assembly, so that the ejector cylinder (36) rises and enters the removal cylinder (34), and the ejector cylinder (36) pushes the plurality of shielding sheets (35) to move upward, so that the lens (37) leaks out of the removal cylinder (34); Step 5, finding the aluminum electrolytic cell: the mobile device of the overhead crane drives the mobile trolley (1) and the concave frame (9) and other components to move. During the movement of the concave frame (9), the laser detection device (10) on the connecting plate 1 (43) on the concave frame (9) and located on one side of the ejection cylinder (36) emits a detection laser through the lens (37), so that the laser detection device (10) corresponds to the corresponding sensing point (33), and the position of the concave frame (9) is determined; Step 6: Positioning and identifying the residual pole guide rod: after the concave frame (9) is moved to the specified position, the laser detection device (10) on the connecting plate 1 (43) senses the corresponding sensing point (33). At this time, the guide rod grasping device (20) is located directly above the residual pole guide rod, and the overhead crane mobile device marks this area, so that when the overhead crane mobile device drives the concave frame (9) to move the anode, the anode is directly moved to the vicinity of this area; Step 7, material suction: after determining the position of the concave frame (9), continue to adjust the positions of the shelling device (5) and the material suction and discharge device (4); during the movement of the material suction and discharge device (4), the laser detection device (10) on the second connecting plate (44) senses the sensing point (33) at the bottom of the ejection cylinder (36) to determine the position of the material suction and discharge device (4), so that the position of the material suction and discharge device (4) corresponds to one of the aluminum electrolytic cells, and then use the material suction and discharge device (4) to suck the thermal insulation covering material on the surface of the residual electrode; Step 8, shelling: after the anode butts in the aluminum electrolytic cell are sucked, the two transmission screws (19) are driven to rotate by the combined drive structure, so that the two sliding seats (18) move in opposite directions in the sliding trough body (17), and after the position of the shelling device (5) is adjusted, the position of the suction and discharge device (4) is adjusted synchronously, and the shelling device (5) and the suction and discharge device (4) are respectively aligned with the corresponding anode butts positions, and the shelling device (5) starts to automatically descend, and then the shelling device (5) is used to perform a shelling operation on the surface of the anode butts in the aluminum electrolytic cell, and the four sides of the heat insulation material on the surface of the anode butts are broken, and then the shelling device (5) and the suction and discharge device (4) are reset, so that the suction and discharge device (4) continues to perform a shelling operation on the heat insulation material on the anode butts in the aluminum electrolytic cell; Step 9, automatically grabbing the residual pole: a through hole is opened at the top of the residual pole, and the concave frame (9) is first lowered. During the gradual lowering of the concave frame (9), the position sensor (31) between the engagement sleeve (30) and the polygonal connecting rod (25) passes through the through hole and senses each other, so that the polygonal connecting rod (25) and the through hole correspond to each other, and then the guide rod grabbing device (20) automatically grabs the top of the residual pole, and then the first driving motor (27) is automatically started to drive the rotating shaft (28) to rotate, and through the two bevel gears (29 ) are meshed, so that the bidirectional screw (23) rotates between the two rotating seats (22), and under the threaded connection between the nut (26) and the bidirectional screw (23), the polygonal connecting rod (25) slides in the sliding cylinder (24), so that the polygonal connecting rod (25) passes through the through-hole, and the inner wall of the through-hole is in contact with the side wall of the polygonal connecting rod (25). After passing through the through-hole, the polygonal connecting rod (25) enters the meshing sleeve (30), and then the electrical connection between the residual pole and the bus duct is released by the clamp disassembly device (54); Step 10, pulling out the anode butts: then driving the concave frame (9) upward to separate the bottom of the anode butts from the liquid surface in the aluminum electrolysis cell, then driving the moving trolley (1) to move horizontally, and then driving the concave frame (9) and the anode butts upward again, and after all the anode butts are removed from the aluminum electrolysis cell, driving the overhead crane moving mechanism (7) to move the anode butts horizontally; Step 11, placing the anode butts: driving the rotating ring (15) to rotate in the circular frame (8), so that the rotating ring (15) drives the rotating platform (16) to rotate together, adjusting the positions of multiple components on the rotating platform (16) together, thereby adjusting the moving position of the anode butts, and then placing the anode butts at corresponding positions in the workshop; Step 12, collecting the residue: after the anode residue is removed from the aluminum electrolysis cell, the residue inside the aluminum electrolysis cell is collected by observing the internal situation of the aluminum electrolysis cell. When collecting, the concave frame (9) is moved laterally under the action of the overhead traveling device. During the movement, the laser detection device (10) on the connecting plate 1 (43) is re-positioned with the sensing points (33) at other positions during the lateral movement. At this time, the residue collecting device (3) is located just above the aluminum electrolysis cell. When it is necessary to collect the residue in the aluminum electrolysis cell, the residue collecting device (3) starts preparation work, and then the residue collecting device (3) is used to collect the residue in the aluminum liquid in the aluminum electrolysis cell. Step 13, measuring the height of the anode butts: in the process of moving the anode butts to the designated position by driving the mobile device of the overhead crane to move the mobile trolley (1) and the concave frame (9), the height of the bottom of the anode butts is measured and recorded using the height measuring device (2) to obtain the height of the anode butts to be subsequently placed in the aluminum electrolysis cell; Step 14, grabbing the anode: moving the concave frame (9) to the anode position located in step 3, so that the concave frame (9) moves to the top of the anode, using multiple components on the concave frame (9) to grab the anode, and then moving the grabbed anode towards the aluminum electrolysis cell. During the process of grabbing and moving the new anode by the concave frame (9), the height of the anode is measured by the height measuring device (2), so that the height of the anode corresponds to the height of the residual anode measured in step 12; Step 15, automatically placing the anode: using the overhead crane mobile device to adjust the position of the concave frame (9) so that the concave frame (9) places the anode into the aluminum electrolysis cell, and then using the fixture disassembly device (54) to electrically connect the anode to the busbar of the aluminum electrolysis cell; Step 16: Spreading materials: repositioning the material suction and discharge device (4) so ​​that the material suction and discharge device (4) sprays the insulation material residue on the surface of the anode, and after installing the cover plate on the aluminum electrolysis cell, continuing the aluminum electrolysis operation.

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