A device and method for measuring river flow in a run-of-river hydropower station

Abstract

This invention discloses a device and method for measuring river flow in a run-of-river hydropower station. The invention employs an active measurement method using pumping backflush to reduce the influence of sediment and other media on flow velocity measurement. Simultaneously, it incorporates river slope into the flow velocity measurement process to obtain the true river velocity, and based on this, derives the river's average velocity. Then, by constructing a river cross-sectional function, the average cross-sectional area of ​​the river from the reservoir's starting point to the measurement point is obtained, thus reducing the impact of river irregularities on flow measurement. Finally, based on the average velocity and average cross-sectional area, the true river flow can be calculated. Therefore, this invention solves the problems of uneven instantaneous flow velocity, river slope, and river irregularities on flow measurement, thereby improving the accuracy of natural flow velocity and flow measurement in run-of-river hydropower stations. Therefore, it is highly suitable for large-scale application and promotion.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of river flow measurement technology, specifically relating to a device and method for measuring river flow in a runoff hydropower station. Background Technology

[0002] One of the foundations of flow monitoring is flow velocity monitoring. Currently, flow velocity measurement methods include non-contact and contact methods. Non-contact measurement mainly uses equipment such as high-speed cameras and radar to measure velocity. Contact measurement, on the other hand, involves placing the equipment in a river, using the river to wash the propeller on the equipment, and then calculating the flow velocity by counting the number of rotations of the propeller.

[0003] However, the aforementioned measurement methods have the following shortcomings: (1) Non-contact measurement is basically limited to the surface of the fluid, making it difficult to measure the velocity of fluids at depth. Contact measurement is a passive measurement (i.e., relying on the scouring of the vortex by the river water to achieve velocity measurement), which is easily affected by the medium such as silt in the river (i.e., silt accumulation will affect the velocity measurement), thus leading to inaccurate measurement results; (2) Existing measurement methods all measure instantaneous velocity and do not take into account the influence of the river channel slope, which further reduces the accuracy of velocity measurement; therefore, due to the large error in velocity measurement, the accuracy of flow measurement will be reduced; at the same time, existing flow measurement is based on velocity and river channel cross-section, and existing technologies do not take into account the problem of uneven river channel cross-section; based on this, the accuracy of flow measurement is further reduced; therefore, based on the aforementioned shortcomings, how to provide a measurement device and method for the river channel flow of runoff hydropower stations with high measurement accuracy has become an urgent problem to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a device and method for measuring river flow in runoff hydropower stations, in order to solve the problem of low accuracy in flow measurement in the prior art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] In a first aspect, a device for measuring the flow rate of a river channel in a run-of-river hydropower station is provided. The device is placed within the river channel of the hydropower station, and the device comprises:

[0007] A first pipe and a second pipe, wherein the first pipe is placed horizontally, the second pipe penetrates the first pipe vertically, and two through holes are provided opposite each other on the part of the second pipe located inside the first pipe, and the two through holes are arranged sequentially in the horizontal direction;

[0008] A speed measuring instrument and a water pump are sequentially installed in the first pipeline along the direction of river flow. The outlet of the water pump faces the speed measuring instrument, and the rated pumping rate of the water pump is greater than the flow velocity of the river.

[0009] A main control device is electrically connected to the speed measuring instrument and the water pump. When the measuring device is working, the main control device controls the water pump to pump water to the speed measuring instrument in order to obtain the speed measuring data of the speed measuring instrument within a preset time period. The speed measuring data includes the speed measuring value at each moment within the preset time period.

[0010] The main control equipment is used to determine the horizontal flow velocity of the river at various times in the horizontal direction based on the rated pumping rate and velocity measurement data, and to calculate the actual flow velocity of the river at various times based on the river slope value and the horizontal flow velocity of the river at various times, so as to determine the average flow velocity of the river within a preset time period based on the actual flow velocity.

[0011] The main control device is used to construct the river channel cross-section function and, based on the river channel cross-section function, calculate the average cross-sectional area of ​​the river channel from the starting point of the hydropower station reservoir area to the measurement point, wherein the measurement point is the placement point of the measurement device;

[0012] The main control device is also used to calculate the flow rate of the river within a preset time period using the average flow velocity and the average cross-sectional area of ​​the river channel.

[0013] Based on the above disclosure, this invention intersects two horizontally and vertically placed pipes and opens a through hole at the intersection to form a continuous flow measurement device. A velocity meter and a water pump are sequentially installed in the horizontally placed pipe (i.e., the first pipe) along the river flow direction, and the rated pumping rate of the water pump is higher than the river flow velocity. Simultaneously, during operation, the water pump's outlet sprays water towards the velocity meter. Thus, this invention essentially uses backflushing (pumping backflushing) to measure flow velocity, thereby reducing the accumulation of sediment and other media and minimizing their impact on flow velocity measurement.

[0014] Furthermore, during flow velocity measurement, this measuring equipment calculates the horizontal flow velocity of the river based on the rated pumping rate and the velocity value detected by the velocimeter. Combined with the river slope, it calculates the actual flow velocity of the river at different times. Then, based on the actual flow velocity at different times, it calculates the average velocity of the river over the measurement time. Next, it constructs a river cross-sectional function and uses this function to determine the average cross-sectional area of ​​the river from the reservoir outlet to the measurement point. Finally, using the average velocity and average cross-sectional area, the river flow rate can be obtained.

[0015] Through the above design, the flow measurement equipment for run-of-river hydropower stations provided by this invention reduces the influence of media such as sediment on flow velocity measurement by using an active measurement method of pumping backflush. Simultaneously, by incorporating river slope into the flow velocity measurement process, the true flow velocity of the river is obtained, and based on this, the average velocity of the river is derived. Then, by constructing a river cross-sectional function, the average cross-sectional area of ​​the river between the reservoir starting point and the measurement point is obtained, thus reducing the influence of river irregularities on flow measurement. Finally, based on the average velocity and average cross-sectional area, the true flow rate of the river can be obtained. Therefore, this invention solves the problems of uneven instantaneous flow velocity, river slope, and river irregularities on flow measurement, thereby improving the accuracy of natural flow velocity and flow measurement in run-of-river hydropower stations. Therefore, it is highly suitable for large-scale application and promotion.

[0016] In one possible design, a level is also installed on the first pipe.

[0017] In one possible design, the second pipe is also equipped with a depth gauge.

[0018] In one possible design, the first pipe and the second pipe have the same radius, wherein the length of the first pipe is nr, where n represents a positive number and r represents the radius of the first pipe.

[0019] In one possible design, the length of the first pipe is 12r, wherein the water pump is installed at a position of 8r to 10r inside the first pipe, and the speed measuring instrument is installed at a position of 4r to 6r inside the first pipe.

[0020] Secondly, a method for measuring river flow in a run-of-river hydropower station is provided, executed by a main control device in a run-of-river hydropower station river flow measuring device designed according to the first aspect or any possible design of the first aspect, wherein the method includes:

[0021] The method acquires the river slope value, the rated pumping rate of the water pump, and the speed measurement data of the speed measuring instrument within a preset time period, wherein the speed measurement data includes the speed measurement value at each moment within the preset time period.

[0022] Based on the rated pumping rate and the velocity measurement data, several horizontal flow velocities in the river channel are determined in the horizontal direction, wherein each horizontal flow velocity corresponds to a time moment.

[0023] Based on the river slope and several horizontal flow velocities, the actual flow velocity of the river at each time point is calculated.

[0024] By using the actual flow velocity at each moment, the average flow velocity of the river within a preset time period is determined;

[0025] A river channel cross-section function is constructed, and based on the river channel cross-section function, the average cross-sectional area of ​​the river channel from the starting point of the hydropower station reservoir area to the measurement point is calculated, wherein the measurement point is the placement point of the measurement equipment;

[0026] The average flow velocity and the average cross-sectional area of ​​the river channel are used to calculate the flow rate of the river within a preset time period.

[0027] In one possible design, based on the rated pumping rate and the velocity measurement data, several horizontal flow velocities in the river channel are determined, including:

[0028] The difference between the rated pumping rate and the velocity values ​​at various times in the velocity measurement data is taken as the horizontal flow velocity of the river at each time.

[0029] In one possible design, based on the riverbed gradient and several horizontal flow velocities, the actual flow velocity of the river at various times is calculated, including:

[0030] For any given moment, the actual flow velocity of the river at that moment is calculated according to the following formula (1);

[0031]

[0032] In the above formula (1), V represents the actual flow velocity of the river at any given time. ft θ represents the horizontal flow velocity of the river at any given time, and θ represents the river gradient.

[0033] In one possible design, the average flow velocity of the river over a preset time period is determined using the actual flow velocity at various times, including:

[0034] The average flow velocity of the river within a preset time period is calculated according to the following formula (2);

[0035]

[0036] In the above formula (2), The average flow velocity of the river over a preset time period is represented by t0,t... n V represents the start and end times of the preset duration. fr (t) represents the actual flow velocity of the river at time t within the preset time period.

[0037] In one possible design, based on the aforementioned river channel cross-sectional function, the average cross-sectional area of ​​the river channel from the starting point of the hydropower station reservoir to the measurement point is calculated, including:

[0038] The average cross-sectional area of ​​the river channel is calculated according to the following formula (3);

[0039]

[0040] In the above formula (3), Let qr represent the average cross-sectional area of ​​the river channel, qr represent the distance between the starting point of the hydropower station reservoir and the measurement point, and A(r) represent the cross-sectional function of the river channel, where r represents the radius of the first pipe (10), and q represents the ratio between the distance between the starting point of the hydropower station reservoir and the measurement point and r.

[0041] Thirdly, an electronic device is provided as an example, comprising a memory, a processor, and a transceiver that are sequentially and communicatively connected, wherein the memory is used to store a computer program, the transceiver is used to send and receive messages, and the processor is used to read the computer program and execute the method for measuring the river flow of a run-of-river hydropower station as described in the second aspect or any possible design of the second aspect.

[0042] Fourthly, a storage medium is provided, on which instructions are stored, which, when executed on a computer, perform the method for measuring the river flow of a run-of-river hydropower station as described in the second aspect or any possible design of the second aspect.

[0043] Fifthly, a computer program product containing instructions is provided, which, when executed on a computer, causes the computer to perform the method for measuring the river flow of a run-of-river hydropower station as described in the second aspect or any possible design of the second aspect.

[0044] Beneficial effects:

[0045] (1) The flow measurement equipment for run-of-river hydropower stations provided by this invention reduces the influence of media such as sediment on flow velocity measurement by using an active measurement method of pumping backflush. At the same time, the river slope is introduced into the flow velocity measurement process to obtain the true flow velocity of the river, and the average velocity of the river is derived based on this. Then, by constructing a river cross-section function, the average cross-sectional area of ​​the river between the reservoir starting point and the measurement point is obtained, thus reducing the influence of river irregularity on flow measurement. Finally, the true flow of the river can be obtained based on the average velocity and the average cross-sectional area. Thus, this invention solves the problem of the influence of factors such as uneven instantaneous flow velocity, river slope and river irregularity on flow measurement, thereby improving the accuracy of natural flow velocity measurement and flow measurement of run-of-river hydropower stations. Therefore, it is very suitable for large-scale application and promotion.

[0046] (2) The present invention also provides a water depth gauge on the second pipe, so that the water depth where the equipment is located can be determined when measuring the speed; thus, combined with the measurement results of the equipment, the actual flow velocity and flow rate of the river at different water depths can be obtained.

[0047] (3) The present invention is also equipped with a level, which can ensure that the equipment is level when in use, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the measurement.

[0048] (4) Compared with non-contact measurement methods, this invention not only focuses on the measurement of surface fluid velocity, but also takes into account the measurement and calculation of different slopes, and solves the influence of factors such as uneven instantaneous flow velocity and irregular river channel on flow measurement; therefore, it improves the flow measurement accuracy of run-of-river hydropower stations and reduces measurement error. Attached Figure Description

[0049] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a flow measurement device for a run-of-river hydropower station provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 2 A schematic diagram illustrating the relationship between the actual flow velocity and the horizontal flow velocity in a river channel, provided as an embodiment of the present invention.

[0051] Figure 3 A flowchart illustrating the steps of a method for measuring river flow in a runoff hydropower station, as provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0052] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0053] Figure label:

[0054] 10-First pipe; 20-Second pipe; 30-Water pump; 40-Tachometer; 50-Level. Detailed Implementation

[0055] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the present invention will be briefly introduced below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and descriptions of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the following description of the structure of the accompanying drawings is only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort. It should be noted that the description of these embodiments is for the purpose of helping to understand the present invention, but does not constitute a limitation of the present invention.

[0056] It should be understood that although the terms first, second, etc., may be used herein to describe various units, these units should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one unit from another. For example, a first unit may be referred to as a second unit, and similarly, a second unit may be referred to as a first unit, without departing from the scope of the exemplary embodiments of the invention.

[0057] It should be understood that the term "and / or" that may appear in this document is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can mean: A exists alone, B exists alone, and A and B exist simultaneously. The term " / and" that may appear in this document describes another relationship between related objects, indicating that two relationships can exist. For example, A / and B can mean: A exists alone, and A and B exist alone. In addition, the character " / " that may appear in this document generally indicates that the related objects before and after it are in an "or" relationship.

[0058] Example:

[0059] See Figure 1 As shown, the flow measurement device for a run-of-river hydropower station provided in this embodiment may include, but is not limited to, a first pipe 10, a second pipe 20, a water pump 30, a speedometer 40, and a main control device. The first pipe 10 is placed horizontally, and the second pipe 20 penetrates the first pipe 10 vertically, thus forming a cross-shaped intersection of the two pipes to constitute the aforementioned measurement device. Simultaneously, this embodiment provides two through holes opposite each other at the portion of the second pipe 20 located within the first pipe 10 to allow water to flow between the two pipes. Optionally, for example, the two through holes are arranged sequentially in a horizontal direction and have the same diameter. Of course, the specific diameter of the through holes can be set according to actual use and is not specifically limited here.

[0060] Further, see Figure 1 As shown, a speed measuring instrument 40 and a water pump 30 are sequentially arranged in the first pipe 10 along the river flow direction (i.e., the river flow direction within the pipe). In specific applications, for example, the outlet of the water pump 30 faces the speed measuring instrument 40, and the rated pumping rate of the water pump 30 is greater than the river flow velocity. Meanwhile, the main control device is electrically connected to the speed measuring instrument 40 and the water pump 30 to control the operation of the water pump 30 and to acquire the speed measurement data generated by the speed measuring instrument 40. When the measuring device is working, the main control device controls the water pump 30 to pump water to the speed measuring instrument 40.

[0061] Thus, this embodiment utilizes a backflushing (pumping backflushing) method to measure flow velocity, abandoning the traditional passive measurement method and adopting an active measurement method to achieve accurate flow velocity measurement. Simultaneously, during the measurement process, this embodiment also considers issues such as river slope, uneven instantaneous velocity, and irregular river cross-sections, incorporating these influencing factors into the flow measurement process to improve the accuracy of flow measurement. The specific measurement process is described below.

[0062] In one specific embodiment, for example, a level 50 is also provided on the first pipe 10; see [link to previous embodiment]. Figure 1 As shown, for example, the level 50 can be installed at the bottom of the first pipe 10, but is not limited to this. In this way, during the measurement process, the level 50 can be used to ensure that the measuring equipment is level, thereby preventing measurement errors caused by equipment misalignment. Simultaneously, for example, a depth gauge is also installed on the second pipe 20, see [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 1 As shown; based on this, the depth of the equipment can be obtained through the water depth gauge, and then, combined with the measurement results of the equipment, the flow velocity and flow rate of the river at different water depths can be obtained.

[0063] Furthermore, the specific dimensional parameters of the aforementioned two pipes are disclosed below:

[0064] In a specific application, for example, the first pipe 10 and the second pipe 20 have the same radius, the length of the first pipe 10 is nr, and the length of the second pipe 20 is ar, where a and n are both positive numbers (specifically, the length of the pipe is a multiple of the radius), and r represents the radius of the first pipe 10; optionally, for example, n and a can be, but are not limited to, 12 and 8. Of course, the specific length can be set according to the actual use, and is not limited to the above example.

[0065] The installation positions of the aforementioned water pump 30 and speed measuring instrument 40 are disclosed below, based on the lengths of the first pipe 10 and the second pipe 20 being 12r and 8r, respectively.

[0066] See Figure 1 As shown, for example, a water pump 30 is installed at a position of 8r to 10r inside the first pipe 10 (of course, the water pump is installed at a position of 8r to 10r inside the first pipe 10 along the water flow direction, and the speed measuring instrument 40 is installed at a position of 4r to 6r inside the first pipe 10 (similarly, the speed measuring instrument 40 is installed in the same way as the water pump 30); of course, when the length of the first pipe 10 is different, the installation positions of the water pump 30 and the speed measuring instrument 40 can be adjusted accordingly, and are not limited to the above example.

[0067] Based on this, the working principle of the entire measuring device is as follows:

[0068] The measuring device is placed in the river channel, and the river water enters through the inlet of the first pipe and flows through the velocity meter 40 and the water pump 30. At the same time, during the measurement process, the water pump 30 starts to work, and its outlet sprays water towards the velocity meter 40. Thus, the velocity meter 40 measures the combined velocity of the river water and the water pump spray. Based on this, with the rated pumping rate of the water pump and the velocity measured by the velocity meter known, the velocity of the river at different times (this velocity is the horizontal flow velocity) can be deduced.

[0069] Then, the main control equipment can calculate the actual flow velocity of the river based on the horizontal flow velocity at different times and the river slope value; then, the average velocity is obtained and the river cross-section function is constructed to calculate the average cross-sectional area of ​​the river between the starting point of the hydropower station reservoir and the measurement point (i.e., the placement point of the measurement equipment); finally, the average velocity and the average cross-sectional area of ​​the river can be used to obtain the flow rate of the river.

[0070] Specifically, the following describes the working process of the main control module in the publicly disclosed measuring equipment:

[0071] First, the main control device is used to acquire the speed measurement data of the speed measuring instrument 40 within a preset time period. The speed measurement data includes the speed measurement value at each moment within the preset time period. For example, assuming the preset time period is from 10:00 to 10:01, and the speed measuring instrument 40 measures once per second, then there is one speed measurement value at 10:01 and one speed measurement value at 10:02, for a total of 60 speed measurement values. Of course, the speed measurement data will also be the same when the preset time period and measurement interval are different, which will not be elaborated here.

[0072] After obtaining the velocity measurement data, the main control module determines the horizontal flow velocity of the river at various moments in the horizontal direction based on the rated pumping rate and the velocity measurement data. Optionally, as previously explained, in specific implementations, the rated pumping rate of the pump 30 is greater than the river flow velocity. Therefore, for example, but not limited to, the difference between the rated pumping rate and the velocity measurement values ​​at various moments in the velocity measurement data can be used as the horizontal flow velocity of the river at various moments. For example, assuming the pumping rate is V... p The speed measurement value at time t within the preset time period is V. tn Therefore, at time t, the horizontal flow velocity of the river is: V p -V tn Of course, the calculation method for the horizontal flow velocity at other different times is the same as the example above, and will not be repeated here.

[0073] Next, the main control module is used to calculate the actual flow velocity of the river at each time point based on the river slope and the horizontal flow velocity of the river at each time point, so as to determine the average flow velocity of the river within a preset time period based on the actual flow velocity.

[0074] Optional, see Figure 2 As shown, the river gradient essentially represents the angle between the river channel and the horizontal direction. Figure 2 In the middle, V fr V represents the actual flow rate. f The value represents the horizontal flow velocity. Therefore, it is necessary to use the river slope value to convert it into the true flow velocity. Taking any given moment as an example, we will explain the calculation process of the true flow velocity.

[0075] For any given moment, the actual flow velocity of the river at any given moment can be calculated, for example but not limited to, according to the following formula (1).

[0076]

[0077] In the above formula (1), V represents the actual flow velocity of the river at any given time. ft θ represents the horizontal flow velocity of the river at any given time, and θ represents the river gradient.

[0078] Thus, based on the aforementioned formula (1), the actual flow velocity of the river at each moment can be calculated, and then the average velocity can be calculated using the actual flow velocity.

[0079] In this embodiment, for example, but not limited to, the average flow velocity of the river within a preset time period can be calculated according to the following formula (2).

[0080]

[0081] In the above formula (2), The average flow velocity of the river over a preset time period is represented by t0,t... n V represents the start and end times of the preset duration. fr (t) represents the actual flow velocity of the river at time t within the preset time period.

[0082] As can be seen from the above formula (2), it is equivalent to multiplying the actual flow velocity at each moment by the time to obtain the flow distance of the river at each moment; then, the total flow distance within the preset time is obtained by using the integration method; finally, the average flow velocity is obtained by dividing the total flow distance by the preset time. Based on this, the problem of inaccurate flow velocity measurement caused by uneven instantaneous flow velocity can be avoided.

[0083] Based on this, after calculating the average flow velocity of the river within a preset time period based on the aforementioned formula (2), this embodiment also constructs a river cross-section function to reduce the impact of river irregularities on flow measurement based on this function; wherein, the construction process of the river cross-section function is as follows.

[0084] The main control device is used to construct a river channel cross-sectional function and, based on the river channel cross-sectional function, calculate the average cross-sectional area of ​​the river channel from the starting point of the hydropower station reservoir area to the measurement point, wherein the measurement point is the placement point of the measurement device; in specific implementation, the river channel cross-sectional function is used to characterize the relationship between the radius of the first pipe 10 and the cross-sectional area of ​​the river channel, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the first pipe 10 is πr. 2 Therefore, the cross-sectional area of ​​the river channel can be represented by the cross-sectional area of ​​the first pipe. Thus, the cross-sectional area of ​​the river channel at different distances from the reservoir starting point can be represented by the cross-sectional area of ​​the first pipe 10 (i.e., A(r) = πr). 2 Then, by using integration, the summation is performed and the average value is taken to obtain the average cross-sectional area of ​​the river channel.

[0085] Of course, the distance between the starting point of the hydropower station reservoir and the measurement point can be regarded as several times the radius of the first pipeline 10. In this way, the average cross-sectional area of ​​the river channel can be calculated using the following formula (3).

[0086]

[0087] In the above formula (3), Let qr represent the average cross-sectional area of ​​the river channel, qr represent the distance between the starting point of the hydropower station reservoir and the measurement point, A(r) represent the cross-sectional function of the river channel, and r represent the radius of the first pipeline 10. q represents the ratio between the distance between the starting point of the hydropower station reservoir and the measurement point and r, which is a ratio constant.

[0088] Thus, based on the aforementioned formula (3), the average cross-sectional area of ​​the river channel between the starting point of the hydropower station reservoir and the measurement point can be calculated.

[0089] Finally, the main control equipment can be used to calculate the river flow rate within a preset time period using the average flow velocity and the average cross-sectional area of ​​the river channel. That is, the product of the average flow velocity and the average cross-sectional area of ​​the river channel is used as the river flow rate at the measurement point. At the same time, since what is being measured is not the river flow rate at the measurement point, but the flow rate between the starting point of the hydropower station reservoir and the measurement point, the aforementioned product of the average flow velocity and the average cross-sectional area of ​​the river channel actually yields the river flow rate at the measurement point. Based on this, it is necessary to multiply this by qr (i.e., multiply by the distance between the starting point of the hydropower station reservoir and the measurement point) to obtain the flow rate between the starting point of the hydropower station reservoir and the measurement point.

[0090] Therefore, the formula for calculating the flow rate of a river within a preset time period is essentially:

[0091]

[0092] In the formula, Q represents the flow rate of the river within a preset time period.

[0093] Through the detailed explanation of the structure and working principle of the measuring equipment described above, this invention reduces the influence of media such as sediment on flow velocity measurement by using an active measurement method of pumping backflushing. Simultaneously, by incorporating river channel slope into the flow velocity measurement process, the true flow velocity of the river is obtained, and based on this, the average velocity of the river is derived. Then, by constructing a river channel cross-sectional function, the average cross-sectional area of ​​the river channel from the reservoir starting point to the measurement point is obtained, thus reducing the impact of river channel irregularities on flow measurement. Finally, based on the average velocity and average cross-sectional area, the true flow rate of the river can be obtained. Therefore, this invention solves the problems of uneven instantaneous flow velocity, river channel slope, and river channel irregularities on flow measurement, thereby improving the accuracy of natural flow velocity and flow measurement in run-of-river hydropower stations. Therefore, it is highly suitable for large-scale application and promotion.

[0094] like Figure 3 As shown, the second aspect of this embodiment provides a method for measuring the river flow of a run-of-river hydropower station. The method is executed based on the main control device in the run-of-river hydropower station river flow measuring device described in the first aspect of the embodiment, and the operation steps of the method may be, but are not limited to, the steps S1 to S6 below.

[0095] S1. Acquire the river slope value, the rated pumping rate of the water pump 30, and the speed measurement data of the speed measuring instrument 40 within a preset time period, wherein the speed measurement data includes the speed measurement value at each moment within the preset time period.

[0096] S2. Based on the rated pumping rate and the velocity measurement data, determine several horizontal flow velocities of the river in the horizontal direction, wherein each horizontal flow velocity corresponds to a time moment; in specific implementation, for example, but not limited to, the difference between the rated pumping rate and the velocity measurement value at each time moment in the velocity measurement data can be used as the horizontal flow velocity of the river at each time moment.

[0097] After obtaining the horizontal flow velocity of the river at different times, the actual flow velocity of the river at each time can be calculated by combining the river slope value; the calculation process can be, but is not limited to, as shown in step S3 below.

[0098] S3. Based on the river slope and several horizontal flow velocities, calculate the actual flow velocity of the river at each time. In this embodiment, the calculation process of the actual flow velocity is illustrated by taking any time as an example. For any time, the actual flow velocity of the river at any time can be calculated by, but is not limited to, the following formula (1).

[0099]

[0100] In the above formula (1), V represents the actual flow velocity of the river at any given time. ft θ represents the horizontal flow velocity of the river at any given time, and θ represents the river gradient.

[0101] Thus, after obtaining the actual flow velocity of the river at each time point based on the aforementioned step S3, the average flow velocity can be calculated, and the calculation process is shown in step S4 below.

[0102] S4. Using the actual flow velocity at each time point, determine the average flow velocity of the river within a preset time period; in specific implementation, for example, but not limited to, the following formula (2) can be used to calculate the average flow velocity of the river within a preset time period.

[0103]

[0104] In the above formula (2), The average flow velocity of the river over a preset time period is represented by t0,t... n V represents the start and end times of the preset duration. fr (t) represents the actual flow velocity of the river at time t within the preset time period.

[0105] Therefore, after calculating the average flow velocity of the river channel based on the aforementioned formula (2), it is also necessary to construct the river channel cross-sectional function in order to reduce the impact of river channel irregularities on flow measurement. The construction process of the river channel cross-sectional function and the calculation process of the average cross-sectional area of ​​the river channel can be, but are not limited to, the following steps S5.

[0106] S5. Construct the river channel cross-section function, and based on the river channel cross-section function, calculate the average cross-sectional area of ​​the river channel from the starting point of the hydropower station reservoir area to the measurement point, wherein the measurement point is the placement point of the measurement equipment; in this embodiment, the river channel cross-section function can be expressed as A(r)=πr 2 .

[0107] Therefore, based on this, the average cross-sectional area of ​​the river channel can be calculated, for example, but not limited to, according to the following formula (3).

[0108]

[0109] In the above formula (3), Let qr represent the average cross-sectional area of ​​the river channel, qr represent the distance between the starting point of the hydropower station reservoir area and the measurement point, A(r) represent the cross-sectional function of the river channel, r represent the radius of the first pipeline 10, and q represent the ratio between the distance between the starting point of the hydropower station reservoir area and the measurement point and r.

[0110] Thus, by using the aforementioned formula (3), the average cross-sectional area of ​​the river channel between the starting point of the hydropower station reservoir and the measurement point is calculated. Combined with the aforementioned average flow velocity, the flow rate of the river channel can be calculated. The process is shown in step S6 below.

[0111] S6. Calculate the flow rate of the river within a preset time using the average flow velocity and the average cross-sectional area of ​​the river channel. In this embodiment, for example, but not limited to, the product of the average flow velocity and the average cross-sectional area of ​​the river channel can be used as the flow rate of the river at the measurement point, and then multiplied by qr to obtain the flow rate of the river within the preset time.

[0112] Therefore, through the aforementioned steps S1 to S6, the actual flow rate of the river can be calculated; of course, the working details and technical effects of the method provided in this embodiment can be found in the first aspect of the embodiment, and will not be repeated here.

[0113] like Figure 4 As shown, the third aspect of this embodiment provides an electronic device, including: a memory, a processor, and a transceiver that are sequentially and communicatively connected, wherein the memory is used to store a computer program, the transceiver is used to send and receive messages, and the processor is used to read the computer program and execute the method for measuring the river flow of a run-of-river hydropower station as described in the second aspect of the embodiment.

[0114] For specific examples, the memory may include, but is not limited to, random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), flash memory, first-in-first-out (FIFO) memory, and / or first-in-last-out (FILO) memory, etc.; specifically, the processor may include one or more processing cores, such as a 4-core processor, an 8-core processor, etc. The processor may be implemented using at least one hardware form of DSP (Digital Signal Processing), FPGA (Field-Programmable Gate Array), PLA (Programmable Logic Array). The processor may also include a main processor and a coprocessor. The main processor is used to process data in the wake-up state, also known as the CPU (Central Processing Unit); the coprocessor is a low-power processor used to process data in the standby state.

[0115] In some embodiments, the processor may integrate a GPU (Graphics Processing Unit), which is responsible for rendering and drawing the content to be displayed on the screen. For example, the processor may not be limited to microprocessors of the STM32F105 series, reduced instruction set computer (RISC) microprocessors, x86 architecture processors, or processors with integrated embedded neural network processing units (NPUs). The transceiver may be, but is not limited to, a Wi-Fi transceiver, a Bluetooth transceiver, a General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) transceiver, a ZigBee (a low-power LAN protocol based on the IEEE 802.15.4 standard) transceiver, a 3G transceiver, a 4G transceiver, and / or a 5G transceiver. Furthermore, the device may also include, but is not limited to, a power module, a display screen, and other necessary components.

[0116] The working process, working details and technical effects of the electronic device provided in this embodiment can be found in the first and second aspects of the embodiment, and will not be repeated here.

[0117] The fourth aspect of this embodiment provides a storage medium that stores instructions containing the method for measuring the river flow of a run-of-river hydropower station as described in the second aspect of this embodiment. That is, the storage medium stores instructions that, when executed on a computer, perform the method for measuring the river flow of a run-of-river hydropower station as described in the second aspect of this embodiment.

[0118] The storage medium refers to a carrier for storing data, which may include, but is not limited to, floppy disks, optical disks, hard disks, flash memory, USB flash drives, and / or memory sticks. The computer may be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable devices.

[0119] The working process, working details and technical effects of the storage medium provided in this embodiment can be found in the first and second aspects of the embodiment, and will not be repeated here.

[0120] The fifth aspect of this embodiment provides a computer program product containing instructions that, when executed on a computer, cause the computer to perform the method for measuring the river flow of a runoff hydropower station as described in the second aspect of this embodiment. The computer may be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable device.

[0121] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for measuring river flow in a run-of-river hydropower station, characterized in that, The measuring device is placed in the river channel of the hydropower station, and the measuring device includes: A first pipe (10) and a second pipe (20), wherein the first pipe (10) is placed horizontally, and the second pipe (20) penetrates the first pipe (10) in a vertical direction. The second pipe (20) has two through holes arranged opposite each other at the part of the first pipe (10), and the two through holes are arranged sequentially in a horizontal direction. A speed measuring instrument (40) and a water pump (30) are sequentially installed in the first pipeline (10) along the river flow direction. The outlet of the water pump (30) faces the speed measuring instrument (40), and the rated pumping speed of the water pump (30) is greater than the flow velocity of the river. The main control device is electrically connected to the speed measuring instrument (40) and the water pump (30). When the measuring device is working, the main control device controls the water pump (30) to pump water to the speed measuring instrument (40) and obtains speed measurement data within a preset time period through the speed measuring instrument (40). The speed measurement data includes the speed measurement value at each moment within the preset time period. The main control equipment is used to determine the horizontal flow velocity of the river at various moments in the horizontal direction based on the rated pumping rate and velocity measurement data, and to calculate the actual flow velocity of the river at various moments based on the river slope value and the horizontal flow velocity of the river at various moments, so as to determine the average flow velocity of the river within a preset time period based on the actual flow velocity. The main control device is used to construct the river channel cross-section function and, based on the river channel cross-section function, calculate the average cross-sectional area of ​​the river channel from the starting point of the hydropower station reservoir area to the measurement point, wherein the measurement point is the placement point of the measurement device; The main control device is also used to calculate the flow rate of the river within a preset time period using the average flow velocity and the average cross-sectional area of ​​the river channel.

2. The device for measuring river flow in a run-of-river hydropower station according to claim 1, characterized in that, A level is also installed on the first pipe (10).

3. The device for measuring river flow in a run-of-river hydropower station according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second pipe (20) is also equipped with a water depth gauge.

4. The device for measuring river flow in a run-of-river hydropower station according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first pipe (10) and the second pipe (20) have the same radius, wherein the length of the first pipe (10) is nr, and n represents a positive number, and r represents the radius of the first pipe (10).

5. The device for measuring river flow in a run-of-river hydropower station according to claim 4, characterized in that, The length of the first pipe (10) is 12r. The water pump (30) is installed at a position of 8r to 10r inside the first pipe (10), and the speed measuring instrument (40) is installed at a position of 4r to 6r inside the first pipe (10).

6. A method for measuring the river flow of a run-of-river hydropower station, characterized in that, The method is executed by the main control device in the river flow measurement equipment for run-of-river hydropower stations according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the method includes: The river slope value, the rated pumping rate of the water pump (30) and the speed measurement data of the speed measuring instrument (40) within a preset time period are obtained, wherein the speed measurement data includes the speed measurement value at each moment within the preset time period. Based on the rated pumping rate and the velocity measurement data, several horizontal flow velocities in the river channel are determined in the horizontal direction, wherein each horizontal flow velocity corresponds to a time moment. Based on the river slope and several horizontal flow velocities, the actual flow velocity of the river at each moment is calculated. By using the actual flow velocity at various times, the average flow velocity of the river within a preset time period is determined; A river channel cross-section function is constructed, and based on the river channel cross-section function, the average cross-sectional area of ​​the river channel from the starting point of the hydropower station reservoir area to the measurement point is calculated, wherein the measurement point is the placement point of the measurement equipment; The average flow velocity and the average cross-sectional area of ​​the river channel are used to calculate the flow rate of the river within a preset time period.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, Based on the rated pumping rate and the velocity measurement data, several horizontal flow velocities in the river channel are determined, including: The difference between the rated pumping rate and the velocity values ​​at various times in the velocity measurement data is taken as the horizontal flow velocity of the river at each time.

8. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, Based on the aforementioned river slope and several horizontal flow velocities, the actual flow velocity of the river at various times is calculated, including: For any given moment, the actual flow velocity of the river at that moment is calculated according to the following formula (1); In the above formula (1), V represents the actual flow velocity of the river at any given time. ft θ represents the horizontal flow velocity of the river at any given time, and θ represents the river gradient.

9. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, Using the actual flow velocity at various times, the average flow velocity of the river over a preset time period is determined, including: The average flow velocity of the river within a preset time period is calculated according to the following formula (2); In the above formula (2), The average flow velocity of the river over a preset time period is represented by t0,t... n V represents the start and end times of the preset duration. fr (t) represents the actual flow velocity of the river at time t within a preset time period.

10. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, Based on the aforementioned river channel cross-sectional function, the average cross-sectional area of ​​the river channel from the starting point of the hydropower station reservoir area to the measurement point is calculated, including: The average cross-sectional area of ​​the river channel is calculated according to the following formula (3); In the above formula (3), Let qr represent the average cross-sectional area of ​​the river channel, qr represent the distance between the starting point of the hydropower station reservoir and the measurement point, and A(r) represent the cross-sectional function of the river channel, where r represents the radius of the first pipe (10), and q represents the ratio between the distance between the starting point of the hydropower station reservoir and the measurement point and r.

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