A soil detection and sampling device for grain planting

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of soil sampling, and specifically refers to a soil detection and sampling device for grain planting, comprising a base, a support column fixedly arranged on one side of the base, a top plate fixedly arranged on the support column, a driving mechanism and a stratified sampling mechanism provided on the top plate, a soil sample storage mechanism provided on the base, the stratified sampling mechanism comprising a sampling drill rod assembly and a pressure differential sampling assembly, the pressure differential sampling assembly being installed on the top plate, the sampling drill rod assembly being located below the top plate and connected to the pressure differential sampling assembly; utilizing the pressure differential principle in combination with a longitudinally arranged temporary storage cavity, soil of different depths can be collected in layers in one sampling operation; after the soil is collected, the pressure differential principle is again utilized to spray the soil of different depths into corresponding sample receiving trays for storage, effectively avoiding sample mixing, achieving accurate stratified sampling, and ensuring that the collected soil samples remain in their original state.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of soil sampling, and in particular relates to a soil detection and sampling device for grain planting. Background Art

[0002] In the field of grain cultivation, accurate understanding of soil conditions is crucial for optimizing planting strategies and improving grain yield and quality. To select suitable planting sites, soil testing is generally required. Sampling devices are part of this testing equipment, but they still have the following drawbacks in actual use:

[0003] 1. Existing sampling devices generally use mechanical excavation to collect samples. However, the soil in the excavation mixes with each other, making it impossible to sample soil at different depths. In addition, it is difficult to ensure the accuracy of sampling depth and scientific stratification, and it is impossible to accurately reflect the differences in soil characteristics at different depths.

[0004] 2. Existing sampling devices only use a single container to hold soil. When faced with the need for stratified sampling, this cannot effectively isolate samples at different depths, which can easily cause sample confusion and make it difficult to accurately distinguish the characteristics of each layer of soil in subsequent soil testing. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a soil detection and sampling device for grain planting. It uses the pressure difference principle in combination with longitudinally arranged temporary storage chambers to collect soil at different depths in layers in one sampling operation. After collecting the soil, the pressure difference principle is used again to spray the soil at different depths into the corresponding sample receiving tray for storage, effectively avoiding sample mixing, achieving accurate layered sampling, and ensuring that the collected soil samples remain in their original state.

[0006] In order to achieve the above functions, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: A soil detection and sampling device for grain planting, comprising a base, a through opening being opened on the base, a support column being fixedly arranged on one side of the base, and two groups of support columns being arranged opposite to each other, slide rails being arranged on the two opposite side walls of the support column, sliders being slidably arranged on the slide rails, a movable plate being fixedly connected between the two groups of sliders, a top plate being fixedly arranged on the support column, a driving mechanism and a stratified sampling mechanism being arranged on the top plate, a soil sample storage mechanism being arranged on the base, and a ground-inserting fixing mechanism being arranged on the base, after the stratified sampling mechanism samples the soil in layers through the through opening, the soil sample taken out is transported to the soil sample storage mechanism for storage; the stratified sampling mechanism comprises a sampling drill rod assembly and a pressure differential sampling assembly, the pressure differential sampling assembly being mounted on the top plate, the sampling drill rod assembly being located below the top plate and connected to the pressure differential sampling assembly; the soil sample storage mechanism comprises a sealing assembly and a soil sample receiving assembly, the sealing assembly being mounted on the base, and the soil sample receiving assembly being mounted on the base.

[0007] The top end of the piston rod is connected with the piston rod of the piston rod and the bottom end of the piston rod is connected with the piston rod of the piston rod.

[0008] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the sampling drill rod assembly includes a sampling rod and a drill bit, the sampling rod is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the piston rod, the sampling rod is hollow inside, a second gas passage is longitudinally arranged in the sampling rod, the second gas passage is communicated with the first gas passage, a plurality of suction nozzles are longitudinally arranged on the side wall of the sampling rod, a plurality of temporary storage chambers are longitudinally arranged in the sampling rod, the temporary storage chambers are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the suction nozzles, the temporary storage chambers are communicated with the suction nozzles, a gas port is provided on the top of the side wall of the temporary storage chamber, a filter-type gas valve is installed in the gas port, which only allows gas to pass through and prevents solid matter from passing through, the temporary storage chamber is communicated with the second gas passage through the gas port, and the drill bit is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the sampling rod. By utilizing the pressure difference principle and the longitudinally arranged temporary storage chambers, soil at different depths can be collected in layers in one sampling operation. After the soil is collected, the pressure difference principle is again utilized to spray out the soil at different depths in the temporary storage chamber.

[0009] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the soil sample receiving assembly includes a central column, a sample receiving tray, an incomplete gear, a rotating motor and a driving gear. The central column is rotatably arranged on the base, a retaining ring is installed on the side wall of the sample receiving tray, and the sample receiving tray is installed on the central column through the retaining ring. The sample receiving tray is arranged in multiple groups vertically and is arranged one-to-one with the suction nozzles. The incomplete gear is fixedly sleeved on the bottom end of the central column, the rotating motor is installed on the base, and the driving gear is arranged on the rotating motor. The driving gear is meshed with the incomplete gear. The sample receiving tray is arranged vertically and is arranged one-to-one with the suction nozzles, ensuring that soil samples of different depths can accurately fall into their corresponding sample receiving trays, effectively avoiding sample mixing.

[0010] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the sealing assembly includes a fixed column and a cover plate. The fixed column is fixed on the base, and the cover plate is fixedly connected to the fixed column. The cover plates are arranged in multiple groups longitudinally and are arranged one-to-one corresponding to the sample receiving trays. The sealing design provides reliable protection for soil samples and can ensure the originality and purity of the samples.

[0011] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the driving mechanism includes a driving motor, a threaded rod and a transmission belt. The driving motor is installed on the top plate. One end of the threaded rod rotates through the top plate and is connected to the output end of the driving motor. The other end of the threaded rod is rotatably arranged on the base. The threaded rod and the movable plate are threadedly adapted and penetrated. One end of the transmission belt is sleeved on the output end of the driving motor, and the other end of the transmission belt is sleeved on the piston cylinder.

[0012] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, a movable wheel is installed under the base, and the ground-inserting fixing mechanism includes an electric push rod and a ground-inserting nail. The electric push rod is provided with two groups and is fixed through the two corners of the base respectively. The ground-inserting nail is connected to the output end of the electric push rod. After the device is moved to the sampling position, the electric push rod is extended to insert the ground-inserting nail into the soil to fix the device, thereby ensuring the stability of subsequent sampling and avoiding displacement during sampling.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the present invention adopts the above structure to achieve the following beneficial effects:

[0014] 1. Through the unique stratified sampling mechanism, the pressure difference principle is combined with the longitudinally arranged temporary storage chamber to collect soil at different depths in one sampling operation. After collecting the soil, the pressure difference principle is used again to spray the soil at different depths into the corresponding sample receiving tray for storage, effectively avoiding sample mixing and achieving accurate stratified sampling. Accurate stratified samples help determine the fertilizer absorption capacity of soil at different depths;

[0015] 2. The differential pressure sampling assembly utilizes an ingenious combination of a piston cylinder, an air chamber, an air pipe, and a solenoid valve to precisely control the air pressure difference. During sampling, the air chamber is first evacuated to a vacuum. When the sampling rod reaches a predetermined depth, the corresponding passage is opened, and the soil at that depth is sucked into the temporary storage chamber through the suction nozzle using negative pressure. Since the temporary storage chambers are arranged longitudinally to correspond to different depths, precise stratified sampling is achieved, providing reliable samples for all-round soil analysis.

[0016] 3. The driving mechanism drives the sampling rod to rotate and insert into the soil. At the same time, the air pressure is controlled by the linkage between the piston rod and the piston cylinder. Compared with the traditional stratified sampling method, it avoids soil disturbance and sample loss caused by repeated insertion and replacement of sampling components. The sampling rod continues to rotate during the descent process, which can cut into the soil more smoothly, reduce damage to the soil structure, and ensure that the collected soil samples remain in their original state, which is conducive to the subsequent study of subtle characteristics such as soil microorganisms and pore structure;

[0017] 4. The sample receiving trays in the soil sample receiving assembly are arranged vertically and correspond to the suction nozzles one by one, ensuring that soil samples of different depths can accurately fall into their corresponding sample receiving trays, effectively avoiding sample mixing. With the help of the cooperative working mechanism of the rotating motor, drive gear and incomplete gear, the sample receiving tray can flexibly rotate at critical moments. When the sampling rod descends to drill the soil, the sample receiving tray quickly rotates to a position away from the sampling rod, freeing up an unobstructed space for the sampling operation and avoiding interference with the sampling process. When the sampling is completed and the sampling rod is raised, the sample receiving tray can accurately and quickly rotate to the position directly below the suction nozzle to efficiently receive the sprayed soil sample.

[0018] 5. The design of the sealing assembly provides reliable protection for soil samples and ensures the originality and purity of the samples. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a soil sampling device for grain planting proposed by the present invention. Figure 1 ;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a soil sampling device for grain planting proposed by the present invention. Figure 2 ;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of the layered sampling mechanism and soil sample storage mechanism of a soil detection and sampling device for grain planting proposed by the present invention;

[0022] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of a layered sampling mechanism of a soil detection and sampling device for grain planting proposed by the present invention;

[0023] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of a rotary joint disc and a piston rod of a soil detection and sampling device for grain planting proposed by the present invention;

[0024] Figure 6 for Figure 4 A partial enlarged view of the middle A;

[0025] Figure 7 This is a structural schematic diagram of a soil sample storage mechanism of a soil detection and sampling device for grain planting proposed by the present invention;

[0026] Figure 8 for Figure 7 A partial enlarged view of point B in the middle.

[0027] Among them, 1. base, 11. through port, 2. support column, 21. slide rail, 211. slider, 3. top plate, 4. drive mechanism, 41. drive motor, 42. threaded rod, 43. transmission belt, 5. layered sampling mechanism, 51. sampling drill rod assembly, 511. sampling rod, 5111. gas channel 2, 5112. suction nozzle, 5113. temporary storage chamber, 51131. gas port, 512. drill bit, 52. differential pressure sampling assembly, 521. piston cylinder, 5211. piston plate, 5212. piston rod, 52121. gas channel 1, 52 122. Air hole, 522. Air chamber, 523. Rotary plate, 524. Air pipe 1, 5241. Solenoid valve 1, 525. Air pipe 2, 5251. Solenoid valve 2, 6. Soil sample storage mechanism, 61. Sealing assembly, 611. Fixed column, 612. Cover plate, 62. Soil sample receiving assembly, 621. Center column, 622. Sample receiving plate, 6221. Snap ring, 623. Incomplete gear, 624. Rotating motor, 625. Driving gear, 7. Moving plate, 8. Ground fixing mechanism, 81. Electric push rod, 82. Ground nail, 9. Moving wheel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] like Figures 1-8As shown, the present invention provides a soil detection and sampling device for grain planting, comprising a base 1, a through opening 11 being opened on the base 1, a support column 2 being fixedly provided on one side of the base 1, and two groups of support columns 2 being relatively provided, slide rails 21 being provided on the two opposite side walls of the support column 2, sliders 211 being slidably provided on the slide rails 21, a movable plate 7 being fixedly connected between the two groups of sliders 211, a top plate 3 being fixedly provided on the support column 2, a driving mechanism 4 and a layered sampling mechanism 5 being provided on the top plate 3, and a soil sample storage mechanism 1 being provided on the base 1. The storage mechanism 6 includes a stratified sampling mechanism 5, which samples the soil in layers through the through opening 11, and then transports the taken soil samples to the soil sample storage mechanism 6 for storage; the stratified sampling mechanism 5 includes a sampling drill rod assembly 51 and a pressure differential sampling assembly 52, and the pressure differential sampling assembly 52 is installed on the top plate 3, and the sampling drill rod assembly 51 is located below the top plate 3 and is connected to the pressure differential sampling assembly 52; the soil sample storage mechanism 6 includes a sealing assembly 61 and a soil sample receiving assembly 62, and the sealing assembly 61 is installed on the base 1, and the soil sample receiving assembly 62 is installed on the base 1.

[0030] like Figure 1-Figure 5 As shown, the differential pressure sampling assembly 52 includes a piston cylinder 521, an air volume chamber 522 and a rotary plate 523. The piston cylinder 521 rotates and penetrates the top plate 3. A piston plate 5211 is slidably provided in the piston cylinder 521. A piston rod 5212 is connected to the bottom of the piston plate 5211. The bottom end of the piston rod 5212 moves and penetrates the bottom wall of the piston cylinder 521. The bottom end of the piston rod 5212 is rotatably penetrated by the movable plate 7. The air volume chamber 522 is fixedly installed on the top plate 3. The top of the air volume chamber 522 and the top of the piston cylinder 521 are connected to an air pipe 524. An electromagnetic valve 5241 is installed on the air pipe 524. The rotary joint disk 523 is rotatably sleeved on the piston rod 5212, and the rotary joint disk 523 is fixedly installed under the movable plate 7. The side wall of the rotary joint disk 523 and the bottom of the air volume chamber 522 are connected with an air pipe 2 525, and an electromagnetic valve 2 5251 is installed on the air pipe 2 525. A gas groove 1 52121 is longitudinally provided at the bottom end of the piston rod 5212. There are eight groups of air holes 52122 in a circular array at the rotary joint of the piston rod 5212 and the rotary joint disk 523. The inner end of the air hole 52122 is communicated with the gas groove 1 52121, and the outer end of the air hole 52122 passes through the side wall of the piston rod 5212 and communicates with the internal cavity of the rotary joint disk 523.

[0031] like Figure 1-Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, the sampling drill rod assembly 51 includes a sampling rod 511 and a drill bit 512. The sampling rod 511 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the piston rod 5212. The sampling rod 511 is hollow inside. A gas through groove 2 5111 is longitudinally arranged in the sampling rod 511. The gas through groove 2 5111 is connected to the gas through groove 1 52121. Eight groups of suction nozzles 5112 are arranged longitudinally on the side wall of the sampling rod 511. Eight groups of temporary storage cavities 5113 are arranged longitudinally in the sampling rod 511. The temporary storage cavities 5113 are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the suction nozzles 5112. The temporary storage cavities 5113 are connected to the suction nozzles 5112. The top of the side wall of the temporary storage cavity 5113 is provided with an air port 51131. A gas port 51131 is installed in the air port 51131. The filter type gas valve only allows gas to pass through and prevents solid matter from passing through. The temporary storage chamber 5113 is connected to the gas channel 2 5111 through the gas port 51131. The drill bit 512 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the sampling rod 511. The solenoid valve 1 5241 opens and the solenoid valve 2 5251 closes. When the sampling rod 511 rotates downward and inserts into the soil, the sampling rod 511 pulls the piston plate 5211 downward in the piston cylinder 521 through the piston rod 5212. The piston cylinder 521 extracts the gas in the air chamber 522 through the air pipe 1 524, and the air chamber 522 is evacuated into a vacuum state. When the sampling rod 511 reaches the appropriate sampling depth, the solenoid valve 1 5241 is closed and the solenoid valve 2 5251 is opened. 251, the air volume chamber 522 leads to the temporary storage chamber 5113 through the air passage formed by the air pipe 2 525, the rotary disk 523, the air groove 1 52121, the air groove 2 5111 and the air port 51131. Since the pressure in the air volume chamber 522 is much lower than the external atmospheric pressure at this time, the negative pressure sucks the surrounding soil into the temporary storage chamber 5113 through the suction nozzle 5112. The soil does not fill the entire temporary storage chamber 5113, so the soil does not block the air port 51131 at the top of the temporary storage chamber 5113. The longitudinally arranged temporary storage chambers 5113 collect soil samples at different depths in layers. After the collection is completed, the solenoid valve 1 5241 opens the solenoid valve 2 5251 and closes the sampling rod 511, and then the sampling rod 511 is raised to its original position. At the starting position, during the rising process of the sampling rod 511, the piston plate 5211 is driven by the piston rod 5212 to move upward in the piston cylinder 521, and the gas in the piston cylinder 521 is transported back to the air volume chamber 522 through the air pipe 1 524. At this time, the air volume chamber 522 receives part of the gas that enters when collecting the soil and the gas that is initially in the air volume chamber 522. At this time, the air volume chamber 522 is filled with gas, and the solenoid valve 1 5241 is closed again and the solenoid valve 2 5251 is opened. The gas pressure in the temporary storage chamber 5113 is higher than the external environment pressure, and the gas will follow the principle of diffusion from the high-pressure area to the low-pressure area, thereby spraying the soil on the bottom side of the temporary storage chamber 5113 from the air nozzle into the sample receiving plate 622.

[0032] like Figure 1-Figure 3 and Figure 7-Figure 8As shown, the soil sample receiving assembly 62 includes a central column 621, a sample receiving tray 622, an incomplete gear 623, a rotating motor 624 and a driving gear 625. The central column 621 is rotatably arranged on the base 1. A snap ring 6221 is installed on the side wall of the sample receiving tray 622. The sample receiving tray 622 is installed on the central column 621 through the snap ring 6221. The sample receiving tray 622 is arranged in eight groups in a longitudinal direction and is arranged one-to-one with the suction nozzle 5112. The incomplete gear 623 is fixedly sleeved on the bottom end of the central column 621. The rotating motor 624 is installed on the base 1. The driving gear 625 is provided on the rotating motor 624. The driving gear 625 is meshed with the incomplete gear 623. When the sampling rod 511 descends to take a sample, the sample receiving tray 622 rotates away from the sampling rod 511 without affecting the sampling rod 511 from descending and drilling. 11 When sampling is completed and returns to the initial position, the rotating motor 624 drives the driving gear 625 to rotate, and the driving gear 625 drives the incomplete gear 623 to rotate, and the incomplete gear 623 drives the sample receiving tray 622 on the central column 621 to rotate to the bottom of the suction nozzle 5112, so as to receive the soil sample conveniently; the sealing assembly 61 includes a fixed column 611 and a cover plate 612, the fixed column 611 is fixedly arranged on the base 1, and the cover plate 612 is fixedly connected to the fixed column 611, and the cover plate 612 is arranged in eight groups in a longitudinal direction and is arranged one by one corresponding to the sample receiving tray 622. When the sample receiving tray 622 rotates to a position away from the sampling rod 511, it is just located below the cover plate 612, and the cover plate 612 covers the top of the sample receiving tray 622 to shield and protect the soil in the sample receiving tray 622, so as to better store the soil sample for subsequent detection.

[0033] like Figure 1-Figure 3 As shown, the driving mechanism 4 includes a driving motor 41, a threaded rod 42 and a transmission belt 43. The driving motor 41 is installed on the top plate 3, one end of the threaded rod 42 rotates and passes through the top plate 3 to be connected to the output end of the driving motor 41, and the other end of the threaded rod 42 is rotatably arranged on the base 1, and the threaded rod 42 is threadedly adapted to the movable plate 7. One end of the transmission belt 43 is sleeved on the output end of the driving motor 41, and the other end of the transmission belt 43 is sleeved on the piston cylinder 521. The driving motor 41 drives the threaded rod 42 to rotate, and under the threaded transmission of the threaded rod 42, the movable plate 7 is driven to realize vertical movement on the slide rail 21 through the slider 211. At the same time, the driving motor 41 drives the piston cylinder 521 to rotate through the transmission belt 43, and the piston cylinder 521 drives the sampling rod 511 and the drill bit 512 to rotate through the piston rod 5212. Due to the screw connection between the movable plate 7 and the piston rod 5212, the rotation of the piston rod 5212 and the vertical telescopic movement do not conflict with each other.

[0034] like Figure 1-Figure 2As shown, a moving wheel 9 is installed under the base 1, and the ground-inserting fixing mechanism 8 includes an electric push rod 81 and a ground-inserting nail 82. Two groups of electric push rods 81 are provided and are fixed through the two corners of the base 1 respectively. The ground-inserting nail 82 is connected to the output end of the electric push rod 81. After the device is moved to the sampling position, the electric push rod 81 is extended to insert the ground-inserting nail 82 into the soil to fix the device, thereby ensuring the stability of subsequent sampling.

[0035] When in use, the device is moved to the designated soil sampling position, and the electric push rods 81 are activated, that is, the two sets of electric push rods 81 are controlled to extend, so that the ground spikes 82 are deeply inserted into the soil, ensuring that the entire device is placed stably and will not be displaced during subsequent operations;

[0036] First, turn on the rotating motor 624, which drives the driving gear 625 to rotate, and the driving gear 625 drives the incomplete gear 623 to rotate, and the incomplete gear 623 drives the sample receiving plate 622 on the central column 621 to rotate to a position away from the sampling rod 511. At this time, it does not affect the sampling rod 511 from descending to take samples. Turn on the driving motor 41. On the one hand, the driving motor 41 drives the piston cylinder 521 to rotate through the transmission belt 43, and the piston cylinder 521 drives the sampling rod 511 and the drill bit 512 connected thereto to start rotating at a low speed. On the other hand, the driving motor 41 drives the threaded rod 42 to rotate. Under the action of the thread, the movable plate 7 slowly moves downward along the slide rail 21 through the slider 211, so that the sampling rod 511 gradually approaches the soil surface. At this time, the solenoid valve 1 5241 is opened and the solenoid valve 2 5251 is closed. The air volume chamber 522 is in a normal air pressure state. As the movable plate 7 moves downward along the slide rail 21, the sampling rod 511 gradually approaches the soil surface. 7 continues to move downward, the sampling rod 511 rotates downward and inserts into the soil. The sampling rod 511 pulls the piston plate 5211 through the piston rod 5212 and moves downward synchronously in the piston cylinder 521. The piston cylinder 521 extracts the gas in the air volume chamber 522 through the air pipe 1 524. The air volume chamber 522 is gradually evacuated to a vacuum state. The sampling rod 511 continues to penetrate the soil and reaches the predetermined sampling depth of each layer. The solenoid valve 1 5241 is closed and the solenoid valve 2 5251 is opened. The air volume chamber 522 is connected to the temporary storage chamber 5113 through the air passage formed by the air pipe 2 525, the screw-on disk 523, the air channel 1 52121, the air channel 2 5111 and the air port 51131. Since the pressure in the air volume chamber 522 is much lower than the external atmospheric pressure at this time, the negative pressure sucks the surrounding soil into the corresponding temporary storage chamber 5113 through the suction nozzle 5112, thereby realizing the stratified collection of soil samples at different depths;

[0037] After the collection is completed, the solenoid valve 1 5241 is closed again and the solenoid valve 2 5251 is opened, so that the sampling rod 511 is raised back to the initial position. At the same time, the rotary motor 624 drives the driving gear 625 to rotate, and the driving gear 625 drives the incomplete gear 623 to rotate. The incomplete gear 623 drives the sample receiving plate 622 on the central column 621 to rotate to the bottom of the suction nozzle 5112. During the rising process of the sampling rod 511, the piston plate 5211 is driven by the piston rod 5212 to move upward in the piston cylinder 521, and the gas in the piston cylinder 521 is transported back to the air volume chamber 522 through the air pipe 1 524. At this time, the air volume chamber 522 is The gas chamber 522 receives part of the gas that enters when collecting the soil and the gas that is initially in the gas storage chamber 522. The gas is filled in the gas chamber 522, and the gas pressure in the temporary storage chamber 5113 is higher than the external environment pressure. The gas will follow the principle of diffusion from the high-pressure area to the low-pressure area, thereby spraying the soil on the bottom side of the temporary storage chamber 5113 from the gas nozzle into the sample receiving tray 622. After receiving the soil, the rotating motor 624 is started again to rotate the sample receiving tray 622 back to a position away from the sampling rod 511. The cover plate 612 is closed on the sample receiving tray 622 to shield and protect the soil in the sample receiving tray 622, completing the storage of soil samples for subsequent testing.

[0038] The present invention and its embodiments are described above. This description is not restrictive. The drawings show only one embodiment of the present invention, and the actual structure is not limited thereto. In short, if a person skilled in the art is inspired by this and, without departing from the purpose of the present invention, designs structures and embodiments similar to this technical solution without inventiveness, they shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A soil detection and sampling device for grain planting, comprising a base (1), a through opening (11) being provided on the base (1), a support column (2) being fixedly provided on one side of the base (1), and two groups of the support columns (2) being arranged opposite to each other, a top plate (3) being fixedly provided on the support columns (2), characterized in that: The top plate (3) is provided with a driving mechanism (4) and a layered sampling mechanism (5), the base (1) is provided with a soil sample storage mechanism (6), and the base (1) is provided with a ground-inserting fixing mechanism (8); the layered sampling mechanism (5) comprises a sampling drill rod assembly (51) and a differential pressure sampling assembly (52), the differential pressure sampling assembly (52) is mounted on the top plate (3), the sampling drill rod assembly (51) is located below the top plate (3) and is connected to the differential pressure sampling assembly (52); the soil sample storage mechanism (6) comprises a cover assembly (61) and a soil sample receiving assembly (62), the cover assembly (61) is mounted on the base (1), and the soil sample receiving assembly (62) is mounted on the base (1); The differential pressure sampling assembly (52) includes a piston cylinder (521), an air volume chamber (522), and a rotary disc (523). The piston cylinder (521) is rotatably arranged to penetrate the top plate (3). A piston plate (5211) is slidably arranged in the piston cylinder (521). A piston rod (5212) is connected to the bottom of the piston plate (5211). The air volume chamber (522) is fixedly mounted on the top plate (3). The top of the air volume chamber (522) and the top of the piston cylinder (521) are connected to an air pipe (524). The rotary disc (523) is rotatably sleeved on the top plate (3). On the piston rod (5212), the side wall of the rotary joint disk (523) and the bottom of the air volume chamber (522) are connected with an air pipe 2 (525), and the bottom end of the piston rod (5212) is longitudinally provided with a gas through groove 1 (52121). The rotary joint between the piston rod (5212) and the rotary joint disk (523) has multiple groups of air holes (52122) in a ring array, and the inner ends of the air holes (52122) are in communication with the gas through groove 1 (52121), and the outer ends of the air holes (52122) pass through the side wall of the piston rod (5212) and communicate with the internal cavity of the rotary joint disk (523).

2. A soil sampling device for grain planting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The supporting column (2) is provided with a slide rail (21) on both sides of the supporting column (2), and a slider (211) is slidably provided on the slide rail (21). A movable plate (7) is fixedly connected between the two groups of the sliders (211). The bottom end of the piston rod (5212) moves through the bottom wall of the piston cylinder (521). The bottom end of the piston rod (5212) is rotatably provided with the movable plate (7). The rotary joint disk (523) is fixedly installed under the movable plate (7). The air pipe (524) is provided with a solenoid valve (5241), and the air pipe (525) is provided with a solenoid valve (5251).

3. The soil sampling device for grain planting according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sampling drill rod assembly (51) includes a sampling rod (511) and a drill bit (512). The sampling rod (511) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the piston rod (5212). The sampling rod (511) is hollow inside. A second gas through groove (5111) is longitudinally arranged in the sampling rod (511). The second gas through groove (5111) is connected to the first gas through groove (52121). The side wall of the sampling rod (511) is longitudinally arranged with multiple groups of suction nozzles (5112). 511), multiple groups of temporary storage cavities (5113) are arranged longitudinally in the sampling rod (511), the temporary storage cavities (5113) and the suction nozzles (5112) are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence, the temporary storage cavities (5113) and the suction nozzles (5112) are connected, the top of the side wall of the temporary storage cavity (5113) is provided with an air port (51131), the temporary storage cavity (5113) is connected to the second gas channel (5111) through the air port (51131), and the drill bit (512) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the sampling rod (511).

4. The soil sampling device for grain planting according to claim 3, characterized in that: The soil sample receiving assembly (62) comprises a central column (621), a sample receiving tray (622), an incomplete gear (623), a rotating motor (624) and a driving gear (625), wherein the central column (621) is rotatably mounted on the base (1), a snap ring (6221) is mounted on the side wall of the sample receiving tray (622), the sample receiving tray (622) is mounted on the central column (621) via the snap ring (6221), the sample receiving tray (622) is arranged in a longitudinal direction in multiple groups and is arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the suction nozzle (5112), the incomplete gear (623) is fixedly sleeved on the bottom end of the central column (621), the rotating motor (624) is mounted on the base (1), the driving gear (625) is arranged on the rotating motor (624), and the driving gear (625) is meshed with the incomplete gear (623).

5. The soil sampling device for grain planting according to claim 4, characterized in that: The sealing assembly (61) includes a fixed column (611) and a cover plate (612), wherein the fixed column (611) is fixedly arranged on the base (1), and the cover plate (612) is fixedly connected to the fixed column (611), and the cover plates (612) are arranged in a longitudinal direction in multiple groups and are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the sample receiving trays (622).

6. The soil sampling device for grain planting according to claim 2, characterized in that: The driving mechanism (4) comprises a driving motor (41), a threaded rod (42) and a transmission belt (43), wherein the driving motor (41) is mounted on the top plate (3), one end of the threaded rod (42) rotates through the top plate (3) and is connected to the output end of the driving motor (41), the other end of the threaded rod (42) is rotatably arranged on the base (1), the threaded rod (42) and the movable plate (7) are threadedly adapted and arranged, one end of the transmission belt (43) is sleeved on the output end of the driving motor (41), and the other end of the transmission belt (43) is sleeved on the piston cylinder (521).

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