A method and system for automatically calculating shotpoint locations

Abstract

The present invention provides a method and system for automatically calculating shot point locations, pertaining to the field of seismic data acquisition and processing for geophysical exploration. The method utilizes raw seismic data to obtain new shot point coordinates and determines the final output shot point coordinates based on the relationship between the new shot point coordinates and the shot point coordinates extracted from the raw seismic data. The present invention enables automatic calculation of shot point position relationships, which can be used to automatically check the accuracy of the shot point locations in a work area and, based on the calculated results, to replace the positions of individual shots with abnormal shot point position relationships. The present invention reduces redundant and complex manual work and improves the timeliness of data verification. Furthermore, the newly fitted shot point position relationships are more closely aligned with the true shot point coordinates.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the field of acquisition and processing of geophysical exploration seismic data, and particularly relates to a method and system for automatically calculating shot point positions, which are used for fast and efficient checking of basic data in seismic exploration acquisition and processing. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the face of increasingly complex geological exploration and development conditions, fine processing of seismic data is becoming more and more important. Fine data processing requires accurate original seismic and geological data information to improve the ability of seismic exploration and development.

[0003] The accuracy of shot point position relationship is a key content in basic data checking. At the same time, the requirement of cost reduction and efficiency improvement for exploration and development puts forward higher requirements for the timeliness of seismic exploration. Not only the accuracy of shot point position relationship should be ensured, but also a large amount of shot point position relationship checking and correction should be completed within an effective time. Therefore, a method and technology for quickly, automatically and accurately calculating shot point position relationship are urgently needed. SUMMARY

[0004] The present application aims to solve the problems existing in the prior art, and provides a method and system for automatically calculating shot point positions, which can not only automatically determine whether the shot point relationship in the entire work area is accurate and reasonable, but also re-determine the new shot point position relationship for a single shot with problems in the shot point relationship. Accurate shot point position relationship is the basis of data processing and the technical guarantee for high-precision exploration and development.

[0005] The present application is achieved by the following technical solutions:

[0006] The present application provides a method for automatically determining shot point position relationship, which obtains new shot point coordinates using original seismic data, and determines the final output shot point coordinates according to the relationship between the new shot point coordinates and the shot point coordinates extracted from the original seismic data.

[0007] Preferably, the method comprises:

[0008] Step 1: Obtain the coordinates of shot points and geophones, and the offset distance information of shot points and geophones using original seismic data;

[0009] Step 2: Obtain new shot point coordinates using the coordinates of shot points and geophones, and the offset distance information of shot points and geophones for a shot point;

[0010] Step 3: Obtain the latest shot point coordinates;

[0011] Step 4: Compare and analyze the latest shot point coordinates with the extracted shot point coordinates to determine the final output shot point coordinates;

[0012] In the fifth step, the second to fourth steps are sequentially performed for each shot point to obtain the final output shot point coordinate of each shot point.

[0013] Preferably, the first step includes:

[0014] First, the original seismic data is prepared and the geometry is loaded.

[0015] Then, the coordinates of the shot point, the coordinates of the receiver point, and the offset distance of the shot point and the receiver point in the trace header information of the original seismic data are extracted.

[0016] Preferably, the original seismic data refers to seismic data that is not further processed after the geometry is defined.

[0017] Preferably, the second step includes:

[0018] For a shot point, the coordinates of all receiver points within the first offset distance corresponding to the shot point are extracted, and the coordinates of all receiver points within the first offset distance are used to perform an operation to obtain the new shot point coordinate corresponding to the first offset distance.

[0019] Then, the second offset distance to the last offset distance are sequentially operated to obtain the new shot point coordinate corresponding to each offset distance, and all new shot point coordinates corresponding to all offset distances are all new shot point coordinates corresponding to the shot point.

[0020] Preferably, the operation uses least squares operation.

[0021] Preferably, the third step includes:

[0022] The mean of all new shot point coordinates corresponding to the shot point is calculated, and the mean is the latest shot point coordinate corresponding to the shot point.

[0023] Preferably, the fourth step includes:

[0024] The difference z between the latest shot point coordinate and the extracted shot point coordinate is calculated using the following formula:

[0025]

[0026] Where (x2, y2) is the latest shot point coordinate, and (x1, y1) is the extracted shot point coordinate.

[0027] If the difference z is less than a shot interval, it is determined that there is no shot point offset, and the final output shot point coordinate is determined to be the extracted shot point coordinate.

[0028] If the difference z is greater than or equal to a shot interval, it is determined that there is a shot point offset, and the final output shot point coordinate is determined to be the latest shot point coordinate.

[0029] The second aspect of the present application provides a system for automatically determining the position relationship of shot points, comprising:

[0030] An extraction unit for obtaining the coordinates of shot points and geophones and the offset distance information of shot points and geophones from original seismic data;

[0031] A new shot point coordinate acquisition unit connected to the extraction unit and configured to obtain new shot point coordinates for a shot point based on the coordinates of shot points and geophones and the offset distance information of shot points and geophones;

[0032] A mean value calculation unit connected to the new shot point coordinate acquisition unit and configured to calculate the latest shot point coordinates;

[0033] A determination unit connected to the mean value calculation unit and configured to compare and analyze the latest shot point coordinates with the extracted shot point coordinates to determine the final output shot point coordinates;

[0034] An output unit connected to the determination unit and configured to output the final output shot point coordinates of each shot point.

[0035] The third aspect of the present application provides a computer readable storage medium storing at least one computer executable program, which, when executed by a computer, causes the computer to perform the steps of the method for automatically determining the position relationship of shot points.

[0036] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the beneficial effects that the position relationship of shot points can be automatically calculated, the position relationship can be used to automatically check whether the shot point positions in the work area are accurate, and the position of a single shot point with abnormal position relationship can be replaced according to the calculation result. The present application reduces the redundant and complex workload of manual operation, improves the timeliness of data checking, and the newly fitted position relationship of shot points is more close to the real shot point coordinates. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0037] Figure 1 The step block diagram of the method of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:

[0039] The present application provides a method for automatically determining the position relationship of shot points, which obtains new shot point coordinates from original seismic data and determines the final output shot point coordinates based on the relationship between the new shot point coordinates and the shot point coordinates extracted from the original seismic data.

[0040] As shown in Figure 1 the method comprises:

[0041] First step: obtaining the coordinates of shot points and geophones, and the offset distance information of shot points and geophones by using original seismic data;

[0042] Second step: obtaining new shot point coordinates by using the coordinates of shot points and geophones, and the offset distance information of shot points and geophones for a shot point;

[0043] Third step: obtaining the latest shot point coordinates;

[0044] Fourth step: comparing and analyzing the latest shot point coordinates and the extracted shot point coordinates to determine the final output shot point coordinates;

[0045] Fifth step: sequentially performing the second step to the fourth step on each shot point to obtain the final output shot point coordinates of each shot point.

[0046] The implementation of the method of the application is as follows:

[0047] Example one:

[0048] The operation of the first step includes:

[0049] First, prepare the original seismic data and load the observation system;

[0050] Then, extract the coordinates of shot points, the coordinates of geophones, and the offset distance of shot points and geophones in the trace header information of the original seismic data. These are realized by using the prior art, and will not be described here.

[0051] The original seismic data refers to seismic data that is not subjected to other processing after the observation system is defined.

[0052] Example two:

[0053] The operation of the second step includes:

[0054] For a shot point, extract the coordinates of all geophones within the first offset distance corresponding to the shot point, and perform least square operation by using the coordinates of all geophones within the first offset distance to obtain the new shot point coordinates corresponding to the first offset distance. Then, sequentially perform the same operation on the second offset distance to the last offset distance to obtain the new shot point coordinates corresponding to each offset distance. The new shot point coordinates corresponding to all offset distances are all the new shot point coordinates corresponding to the shot point. That is, sequentially perform least square operation on each offset distance corresponding to the shot point to obtain the new shot point coordinates corresponding to each offset distance. One shot point corresponds to multiple offset distances, and each offset distance corresponds to new shot point coordinates one by one.

[0055] Example three:

[0056] The mean value of all the new shot point coordinates corresponding to the shot point is the latest shot point coordinate of the shot point.

[0057] The third step aims to further approach the range of the real shot point through the range of different offsets, so as to make the coordinates of the shot point more accurate. Specifically, the arithmetic mean of the x-coordinates of all the new shot point coordinates corresponding to the shot point is obtained to obtain the x-coordinate of the latest shot point, that is, x=(x1+x2+...+xN) / N, and the arithmetic mean of the y-coordinates of the new shot point coordinates is obtained to obtain the y-coordinate of the latest shot point, that is, y=(y1+y2+...+yN) / N, wherein N represents N offsets, and the x-coordinate and the y-coordinate of the latest shot point constitute the latest shot point coordinate.

[0058] Embodiment four:

[0059] The fourth step includes the following operations:

[0060] The difference z between the latest shot point coordinate and the extracted shot point coordinate is calculated by using the following formula:

[0061]

[0062] wherein (x2, y2) is the latest shot point coordinate, and (x1, y1) is the coordinate of the extracted shot point;

[0063] If the difference z is less than one shot interval, it is determined that there is no shot point offset, and the final output shot point coordinate is determined as the extracted shot point coordinate, that is, the original shot point coordinate is outputted;

[0064] If the difference z is greater than or equal to one shot interval, it is determined that there is a shot point offset, and the final output shot point coordinate is determined as the latest shot point coordinate, that is, the extracted shot point coordinate is replaced by the latest shot point coordinate.

[0065] The purpose of "comparing and analyzing the latest shot point coordinate with the coordinate of the extracted shot point" is that, on the one hand, it can check whether the coordinate of the shot point is accurate, and on the other hand, for the inaccurate shot point information, the latest shot point coordinate obtained by fitting can be directly used to replace it, thereby reducing the time and resource waste caused by manual checking.

[0066] Embodiment five:

[0067] The shot points of the whole area data are randomly numbered, and after the coordinates of a shot point are obtained by using the second step to the fourth step, the next shot point is selected for calculation, so as to obtain the final output coordinates of all the shot points. In this way, the latest shot point coordinate is obtained according to the coordinates of the geophones in each offset corresponding to a shot point, and the final output shot point coordinate is obtained according to the relationship between the latest shot point coordinate and the coordinate of the extracted shot point.

[0068] In summary, the present application ensures the accuracy of the shot point coordinates of the seismic data in the area according to the calculated shot point coordinates, and achieves the purpose of consolidating the basis of the original seismic data. Through the present application, whether the shot point coordinates of the data to be processed are abnormal can be quickly calculated according to the characteristics of the work area. The method of the present application is very effective for estimating the shot point position of seismic data, and can play an important role in improving the resolution and imaging accuracy of seismic data processing.

[0069] The method of the present application is suitable for checking and correcting the shot point coordinates of any seismic data. The present application uses original seismic data to design a simplified data processing method to quickly check whether the shot point of single shot data is offset, and can provide an approximately accurate shot point position for the single shot with shot point offset.

[0070] For most land seismic data, the method of the present application can be used to check and correct the shot point position offset to improve the accuracy of seismic data. Through the present application, whether the shot point coordinates are accurate can be quickly and effectively calculated. For inaccurate shot point coordinates, a new coordinate can be used for direct replacement, so as to achieve the purpose of ensuring the authenticity and reliability of the basis data coordinates.

[0071] Example six:

[0072] The present application also provides a system for automatically determining the relationship between shot points, comprising:

[0073] The extraction unit is used to obtain the coordinates of the shot point and the receiver point, and the offset distance information of the shot point and the receiver point by using the original seismic data;

[0074] The new shot point coordinate acquisition unit is connected with the extraction unit, and is used to obtain new shot point coordinates by using the coordinates of the shot point and the receiver point, and the offset distance information of the shot point and the receiver point for a shot point;

[0075] The mean value unit is connected with the new shot point coordinate acquisition unit, and is used to obtain the latest shot point coordinates;

[0076] The determination unit is connected with the mean value unit, and is used to compare and analyze the latest shot point coordinates with the extracted shot point coordinates to determine the final output shot point coordinates;

[0077] The output unit is connected with the determination unit, and outputs the final output shot point coordinates of each shot point.

[0078] Specifically, the extraction unit performs the following operations:

[0079] First, prepare the original seismic data and load the observation system;

[0080] Then, the coordinates of the shot points, the coordinates of the geophones, and the offsets of the shot points and the geophones in the trace header information of the original seismic data are extracted. These are realized by using the prior art, and thus will not be described here.

[0081] The original seismic data refer to seismic data that are not subjected to other processing after the observation system is defined.

[0082] The new shot point coordinate acquisition unit performs the following operation:

[0083] For one shot point, the coordinates of all the geophones within the first offset are extracted, and the least square operation is performed by using the coordinates of all the geophones within the first offset to obtain the new shot point coordinates corresponding to the first offset. Then, the same operation is sequentially performed on the second offset to the last offset to obtain the new shot point coordinates corresponding to each offset. The new shot point coordinates corresponding to all the offsets are all the new shot point coordinates corresponding to the shot point. That is, the least square operation is sequentially performed on each offset corresponding to the shot point to obtain the new shot point coordinates corresponding to each offset. One shot point corresponds to multiple offsets, and each offset corresponds to one new shot point coordinate.

[0084] The mean value acquisition unit performs the following operation:

[0085] The mean value of all the new shot point coordinates corresponding to the shot point is obtained, and the mean value is the latest shot point coordinate corresponding to the shot point.

[0086] The purpose is to further approach the range of the real shot point through the ranges of different offsets, so that the obtained shot point coordinates are more accurate. Specifically, the horizontal coordinate of the latest shot point is obtained by performing the arithmetic mean on the horizontal coordinates of all the new shot point coordinates corresponding to the shot point, that is, x = (x1+x2+ ··· +xN) / N. Similarly, the vertical coordinate of the latest shot point is obtained by performing the arithmetic mean on the vertical coordinates of the new shot point coordinates, that is, y = (y1+y2+ ··· +yN) / N. N represents N offsets, and the horizontal coordinate and the vertical coordinate of the latest shot point constitute the latest shot point coordinate.

[0087] The determination unit performs the following operation:

[0088] The difference z between the latest shot point coordinate and the extracted shot point coordinate is calculated by using the following formula:

[0089]

[0090] Wherein, (x2, y2) is the latest shot point coordinate, and (x1, y1) is the extracted shot point coordinate.

[0091] If the difference z is less than a shot interval, it is determined that there is no shot point offset, and the final output shot point coordinates are the extracted shot point coordinates, i.e. the original shot point coordinates are outputted;

[0092] If the difference z is greater than or equal to a shot interval, it is determined that there is shot point offset, and the final output shot point coordinates are the latest shot point coordinates, i.e. the latest shot point coordinates are used to replace the extracted shot point coordinates.

[0093] The purpose of the comparison and analysis of the latest shot point coordinates and the extracted shot point coordinates is that, on the one hand, it can be checked whether the coordinates of the shot point are accurate, and on the other hand, for the inaccurate shot point information, the latest shot point coordinates fitted out can be directly used to replace, so that the time and resource waste caused by manual checking is reduced.

[0094] The present application can be applied to high-precision imaging in oil and gas seismic exploration and unconventional seismic exploration data acquisition and processing, and has a good application prospect in the research of single-block and multi-block data acquisition and processing.

[0095] The above technical solution is only one embodiment of the present application, and for those skilled in the art, on the basis of the principles disclosed in the present application, various types of improvements or modifications can be easily made, and the technical solution described in the above embodiment is not limited to the present application, therefore, the above description is only preferred, and does not have a limiting meaning.

Claims

1. A method for automatically calculating shot point positions, characterized in that: The method uses the original seismic data to obtain new shot point coordinates, and determines the final output shot point coordinates based on the relationship between the new shot point coordinates and the shot point coordinates extracted from the original seismic data; The method comprises: Step 1: Use the original seismic data to obtain the coordinates of the shot points and receiver points, as well as the offset information of the shot points and receiver points; Step 2: For a shot point, use the coordinates of the shot point, the detection point, and the offset information of the shot point and the detection point to obtain the new shot point coordinates; Step 3: Obtain the latest shot point coordinates; Step 4: Compare and analyze the latest shot point coordinates with the extracted shot point coordinates to determine the final output shot point coordinates; Step 5: Process each shot point from step 2 to step 4 in sequence to obtain the final output shot point coordinates of each shot point; The second step includes: For a shot point, extract the coordinates of all the detection points within the first offset distance corresponding to the shot point, and use the coordinates of all the detection points within the first offset distance to perform calculations to obtain the new shot point coordinates corresponding to the first offset distance; Then, the calculation is performed on the second offset to the last offset in turn to obtain the new shot point coordinates corresponding to each offset. The new shot point coordinates corresponding to all offsets are all the new shot point coordinates corresponding to the shot point. The operation adopts the least squares operation.

2. The method for automatically calculating shot point positions according to claim 1, wherein: The first step includes: First, prepare the original seismic data and load it into the observation system; Then, the coordinates of the shot points, the coordinates of the receiver points, and the offsets of the shot points and receiver points are extracted from the trace header information of the original seismic data.

3. The method for automatically calculating the shot point position according to claim 2, wherein: The raw seismic data refers to seismic data that is not further processed after the observation system is defined.

4. The method for automatically calculating shot point positions according to claim 1, wherein: The third step includes: Calculate the mean of all new shot point coordinates corresponding to the shot point. The mean is the latest shot point coordinate corresponding to the shot point.

5. The method for automatically calculating shot point positions according to claim 1, wherein: The fourth step includes: The difference between the coordinates of the latest shot point and the coordinates of the extracted shot point is calculated using the following formula: z : in,( x 2, y 2) is the latest shot point coordinates, ( x 1, y 1) is the coordinate of the extracted shot point; If the difference z If it is less than one shot spacing, it is determined that there is no shot point offset, and the final output shot point coordinates are determined to be the extracted shot point coordinates; If the difference z If it is greater than or equal to one shot spacing, it is determined that there is a shot point offset, and the final output shot point coordinates are determined to be the latest shot point coordinates.

6. A system for automatically calculating shot point positions, characterized in that: The system comprises: Extraction unit: used to obtain the coordinates of shot points and receiver points, as well as their offset information, using the original seismic data; The unit for obtaining new shot point coordinates is connected to the extraction unit and is used to obtain the new shot point coordinates for a shot point using the coordinates of the shot point and the detection point, as well as the offset information of the shot point and the detection point; Averaging unit: connected to the new shot point coordinate acquisition unit, used to obtain the latest shot point coordinates; Determination unit: connected to the averaging unit, used to compare and analyze the latest shot point coordinates with the coordinates of the extracted shot points to determine the final output shot point coordinates; Output unit: connected to the judgment unit, outputs the final output shot point coordinates of each shot point.

7. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that: The computer-readable storage medium stores at least one computer-executable program, and when the at least one program is executed by the computer, the computer executes the steps of the method for automatically calculating shot point positions according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

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