Backlight module and display device

Abstract

The invention relates to a backlight module and a display device.The backlight module comprises a backlight plate and a prism film located on the light emitting side of the backlight plate, the prism film comprises a first layer body, a second layer body and a plurality of prism structures, the first layer body and the second layer body are oppositely arranged, the prism structures are located between the first layer body and the second layer body, the prism film further comprises a particle layer, and the particle layer is located between the first layer body and the second layer body. The particle layer comprises a first electrode, a second electrode and dispersed particle structures, the first electrode is located on the side, facing the prism structure, of the first layer body, the second electrode is located on the side, facing the prism structure, of the second layer body, and the particle structures are located between the first electrode and the second electrode; the included angle between the emergent light and the center line of the prism film is smaller than or equal to 30 degrees. And when the prism film is in the second state, the included angle between the emergent light and the center line of the prism film is between 0 degree and 90 degrees, so that the application effect of a wide-viewing-angle scene is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of display technology, and in particular to a backlight module and a display device. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, with the continuous advancement of display technology, display technology has been applied in fields such as smartphones and tablets.

[0003] In the related art, in order to improve the brightness of the display panel, a prism film is often added to the backlight module. The prism film converges the light emitted by the backlight module and concentrates it in a range of about 30°, thereby improving the brightness at a normal viewing angle.

[0004] However, in wide-viewing angle scenarios, users located at the side of the display panel perceive lower brightness when watching the screen, resulting in a poor user experience and failing to meet the requirements of wide-viewing angle scenarios. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present application aims to provide a backlight module and a display device to solve the technical problem in the related art that in a wide viewing angle scenario, a user located at the side of the display panel perceives a low brightness when watching the screen, resulting in a poor user experience and being unable to meet the application requirements of the wide viewing angle scenario.

[0006] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a backlight module, characterized in that it includes a backlight panel and a prism film located on the light-emitting side of the backlight panel, the prism film includes a first layer, a second layer and a plurality of prism structures, the first layer and the second layer are arranged opposite to each other, and the prism structure is located between the first layer and the second layer.

[0007] The prism film further includes a particle layer, the particle layer includes a first electrode, a second electrode and a dispersed particle structure, the first electrode is located on a side of the first layer facing the prism structure, the second electrode is located on a side of the second layer facing the prism structure, and the particle structure is located between the first electrode and the second electrode.

[0008] Wherein, when the prism film is in the first state, the angle between the outgoing light and the center line of the prism film is less than or equal to 30 degrees; when the prism film is in the second state, the angle between the outgoing light and the center line of the prism film is between 0 degrees and 90 degrees.

[0009] In a possible embodiment, the particle structure includes a light-transmitting shell and electrophoretic particles, a dispersion medium, and a charge control agent located in the shell. When the prism film is in a first state, the particle structure is close to the first electrode. When the prism film is in a second state, the particle structure is close to the second electrode.

[0010] In a possible implementation manner, a groove is provided on a side of the second electrode facing the prism structure, and when the prism film is in the second state, the particle structure is located in the groove.

[0011] In a possible implementation manner, the shape of the groove includes a semi-arc shape, and the semi-arc shape is adapted to the outer shape of the particle structure.

[0012] In a possible implementation, the prism structure includes a first portion and two light-transmissive second portions, the second portions are located on both sides of the first portion, and a storage area of ​​the particle structure is formed between two adjacent prism structures.

[0013] In a possible implementation, the diameter of the electrophoretic particles is between 10 nanometers and 5 micrometers.

[0014] In a possible implementation, the dispersion medium includes: decane oxide, toluene, naphthalene, tetrachloroethylene, and polytrichloroethylene.

[0015] In a possible implementation, the particle structure includes a plurality of nanoparticles, and when the prism film is in a first state, the plurality of nanoparticles are in a dispersed state; and when the prism film is in a second state, the plurality of nanoparticles are aggregated.

[0016] In a possible implementation, the nanoparticles include titanium dioxide, clay, magnesium silicate, an organic insulating material, gold, silver, and cadmium selenide.

[0017] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a display device, characterized in that it includes:

[0018] The backlight module as described in any one of the first aspects;

[0019] The display panel is located on the light emitting side of the backlight module.

[0020] A backlight module and a display device provided in an embodiment of the present application, the prism film comprises a first layer, a second layer and a plurality of prism structures, the first layer and the second layer are arranged opposite to each other, the prism structure is located between the first layer and the second layer, the prism film further comprises a particle layer, the particle layer comprises a first electrode, a second electrode and a dispersed particle structure, the first electrode is located on a side of the first layer facing the prism structure, the second electrode is located on a side of the second layer facing the prism structure, and the particle structure is located between the first electrode and the second electrode, wherein, when the prism film is in a first state, an angle between an outgoing light and a center line of the prism film is less than or equal to 30 degrees; when the prism film is in a second state, an angle between an outgoing light and a center line of the prism film is between 0 degrees and 90 degrees. The present application sets a particle layer and controls the state of the prism film to adjust the angle of the emitted light to achieve the switching between wide viewing angle and narrow viewing angle. Therefore, in the narrow viewing angle scenario, the prism film can be in the first state to ensure the brightness perceived by the front user and improve the user experience; in the wide viewing angle scenario, the prism film can be in the second state to increase the brightness perceived by the user at the side and improve the user experience. The present application can better meet the needs of multi-scenario applications. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] The features, advantages and technical effects of the exemplary embodiments of the present application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the accompanying drawings, the same reference numerals are used for the same components. The accompanying drawings are not drawn according to the actual scale, but are only used to illustrate the relative position relationship. The layer thickness of some parts is exaggerated for easy understanding, and the layer thickness in the accompanying drawings does not represent the proportional relationship of the actual layer thickness.

[0022] Figure 1 A schematic diagram showing the structure of the prism film provided in the first embodiment of the present application in a first state;

[0023] Figure 2 A schematic diagram showing the structure of a backlight module provided in the first embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0024] Figure 3 A schematic diagram showing the structure of the prism film provided in the first embodiment of the present application in the second state;

[0025] Figure 4 A schematic diagram showing the movement of the particle structure in the first embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0026] Figure 5 A schematic diagram showing the structure of the prism film provided in the second embodiment of the present application in a first state;

[0027] Figure 6 A schematic diagram showing the structure of the prism film provided in the second embodiment of the present application in the second state;

[0028] Figure 7A schematic structural diagram of a display device provided in Embodiment 3 of the present application is shown.

[0029] Reference numerals:

[0030] 100. Prism film;

[0031] 10. The first layer of body;

[0032] 20. Second layer of body;

[0033] 30. Prismatic structure; 31. First part; 32. Second part; 33. Storage area;

[0034] 40. particle layer; 41. first electrode; 42. second electrode; 421. groove;

[0035] 43. Particle structure; 431. Shell; 432. Electrophoretic particles; 433. Nanoparticles;

[0036] 200, backlight module; 201, backlight panel;

[0037] 300. Display device;

[0038] 400, diffuser;

[0039] 500. Display panel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The features and exemplary embodiments of various aspects of the present application will be described in detail below. In the detailed description below, many specific details are proposed to provide a comprehensive understanding of the present application. However, it is obvious to those skilled in the art that the present application can be implemented without the need for some of these specific details. The following description of the embodiments is only to provide a better understanding of the present application by illustrating examples of the present application. In the accompanying drawings and the following description, at least part of the known structures and technologies are not shown to avoid unnecessary ambiguity in the present application; and, for clarity, the size of the regional structure may be exaggerated. In addition, the features, structures or characteristics described below may be combined in one or more embodiments in any suitable manner.

[0041] In the related art, a prism film converges the light emitted by the backlight module and concentrates it in a range of about 30° to enhance the brightness at a normal viewing angle.

[0042] However, in wide-viewing angle scenarios, users located at the side of the display panel perceive lower brightness when watching the screen, resulting in a poor user experience and failing to meet the requirements of wide-viewing angle scenarios.

[0043] In view of this, the embodiments of the present application provide a backlight module and a display device, which can adjust the angle of the emitted light by setting a particle layer and controlling the state of the prism film to achieve the switching between wide viewing angle and narrow viewing angle, so that in the narrow viewing angle scene, the prism film can be in the first state to ensure the brightness perceived by the front user and improve the user experience; in the wide viewing angle scene, the prism film can be in the second state to increase the brightness perceived by the user at the side and improve the user experience. The present application can better meet the application of multiple scenarios.

[0044] The specific structures of the backlight module and the display device provided in each embodiment of the present application are described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0045] First embodiment

[0046] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram showing the prism film 100 provided in the first embodiment of the present application in a first state; Figure 2 A schematic diagram showing the structure of a backlight module provided in the first embodiment of the present application is shown; Figure 3 A schematic structural diagram of the prism film 100 provided in the first embodiment of the present application in the second state is shown.

[0047] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the first embodiment of the present application provides a backlight module 200, including a backlight plate 201 and a prism film 100 located on the light-emitting side of the backlight plate 201, the prism film 100 includes a first layer body 10, a second layer body 20 and a plurality of prism structures 30, the first layer body 10 and the second layer body 20 are arranged opposite to each other, and the prism structure 30 is located between the first layer body 10 and the second layer body 20.

[0048] It can be understood that the first layer 10, the second layer 20 and the prism structure 30 are all light-transmitting structures. When light is incident from the side of the first layer 10 away from the prism structure 30, it is reflected and refracted after entering the prism structure 30. Only light with an exit angle of -30° to +30° can be emitted from the prism structure 30 and emitted to the second layer 20; light with an exit angle of -180° to -30°, or +30° to +180° is reflected in the prism structure 30 and reflected to the backlight system for repeated use until its exit angle is between -30° and +30°, and then it can be emitted from the prism structure 30. Exemplarily, the second layer 20 is located on the light-emitting side of the first layer 10.

[0049] The prism film 100 also includes a particle layer 40, which includes a first electrode 41, a second electrode 42 and a dispersed particle structure 43. The first electrode 41 is located on the side of the first layer 10 facing the prism structure 30, the second electrode 42 is located on the side of the second layer 20 facing the prism structure 30, and the particle structure 43 is located between the first electrode 41 and the second electrode 42.

[0050] Specifically, the first electrode 41 and the second electrode 42 are light-transmitting structures. The materials of the first electrode 41 and the second electrode 42 may include indium tin oxide ITO. Indium tin oxide ITO has good conductivity and transmittance. On the one hand, it can apply an electric field to the particle structure 43. On the other hand, high transmittance can reduce the impact on the light passing through the first electrode 41 and the second electrode 42. The first electrode 41 and the second electrode 42 have opposite polarities. Exemplarily, the first electrode 41 is a positive electrode and the second electrode 42 is a negative electrode; or the first electrode 41 is a negative electrode and the second electrode 42 is a positive electrode. This application does not specifically limit the polarity of the first electrode 41 and the second electrode 42.

[0051] In which, when the prism film 100 is in the first state, the angle between the outgoing light and the center line of the prism film 100 is less than or equal to 30 degrees; when the prism film 100 is in the second state, the angle between the outgoing light and the center line of the prism film 100 is between 0 degrees and 90 degrees.

[0052] It should be noted that the center line of the prism film 100 refers to a straight line perpendicular to the prism film 100 , that is, the center line of the prism film 100 in this embodiment may refer to a normal line of the light-emitting side plane of the prism film 100 .

[0053] The present application can control the position and state of the particle structure 43 by controlling the on / off state or electric field strength of the first electrode 41 and the second electrode 42 to achieve the switching of the prism film 100 between the first state and the second state.

[0054] Specifically, in the first state, since the angle of the outgoing light of the prism film 100 is between -30° and +30°, the light is concentrated and emitted at the positive viewing angle. At this time, it is in a narrow viewing angle mode and can be applied to narrow viewing angle scenes. At this time, the user directly above the display panel can see the screen clearly, and the brightness is high, the light is fully utilized, and the light pollution from -180 degrees to -30 degrees and +30 degrees to +180 degrees is reduced. In the second state, since the angle of the outgoing light of the prism film 100 is between -90° and +90°, it is in a wide viewing angle mode and can be applied to wide viewing angle scenes. At this time, the user located beside the display panel can also see the screen clearly, and multiple users can watch, and the visual sense of multiple users and multiple viewing angles is the same. The present application is suitable for large-size display panels, such as display panels in large shopping malls. In the wide viewing angle mode, the picture is clearly presented to users located at multiple angles of the display panel.

[0055] In this embodiment, a particle layer 40 is provided in the prism film 100, and the particle layer 40 includes a first electrode 41, a second electrode 42 and a dispersed particle structure 43. The first electrode 41 is located on the side of the first layer 10 facing the prism structure 30, and the second electrode 42 is located on the side of the second layer 20 facing the prism structure 30. The particle structure 43 is located between the first electrode 41 and the second electrode 42. When the prism film 100 is in the first state, the angle between the outgoing light and the center line of the prism film 100 is less than or equal to 30 degrees; when the prism film 100 is in the second state, the angle between the outgoing light and the center line of the prism film 100 is between 0 degrees and 90 degrees. The state of the prism film 100 is controlled by the first electrode 41 and the second electrode 42 to adjust the angle of the outgoing light, thereby realizing the switching between the wide viewing angle mode and the narrow viewing angle mode. In the narrow viewing angle mode, the light is concentrated to avoid light waste and reduce light pollution from -180 degrees to -30 degrees and +30 degrees to +180 degrees. In wide-viewing angle mode, light is emitted evenly, enabling multi-user viewing from multiple angles with the same visual experience.

[0056] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, in some embodiments, the particle structure 43 includes a light-transmitting shell 431 and electrophoretic particles 432, a dispersion medium (not shown in the figure), and a charge control agent (not shown in the figure) located in the shell 431. When the prism film 100 is in the first state, the particle structure 43 is close to the first electrode 41. When the prism film 100 is in the second state, the particle structure 43 is close to the second electrode 42.

[0057] In the first state, the particle structure 43 is located on one side of the first electrode 41, specifically in the gap between two adjacent prism structures 30. The prism structure 30 accounts for a large proportion in the prism film 100, so most of the light is refracted through the prism structure 30 and then emitted, and its emission angle is -30 degrees to +30 degrees, achieving a positive viewing angle and high brightness display, presenting a narrow viewing angle mode, and reducing light pollution from -180 degrees to -30 degrees and +30 degrees to +180 degrees.

[0058] In the second state, the particle structure 43 is located on one side of the second electrode 42, and the light emitted from the prism structure 30 is irradiated on the particle structure 43 and scattered to various angles by the particle structure 43, thereby achieving the homogenization of the positive viewing angle and the wide viewing angle light, so that the emission range of the output light of the prism film 100 is between -180 degrees and +180 degrees, thereby achieving wide viewing angle mode visibility.

[0059] The charge control agent is adsorbed on the surface of the electrophoretic particles 432 to charge the electrophoretic particles 432. Commonly used charge control agents include organic sulfates, metal soaps, organic amines, organic phosphates or phosphate esters, and the like.

[0060] The dispersion medium is a solvent used to evenly disperse the electrophoretic particles 432 and make the electrophoretic particles 432 have good particle fluidity. Commonly used dispersion media include: epoxy decane, toluene, naphthalene, tetrachloroethylene, polytrichloroethylene, etc. It should be noted that although the dispersion medium here can be any of the above materials, in actual application, the material of the dispersion medium can be a single material. That is to say, in actual application, the dispersion medium can be all epoxy decane or all toluene, without limitation.

[0061] Figure 4 The schematic diagram of the movement of the particle structure in the first embodiment of the present application is shown; Figure 4 As shown, when the electrophoretic particle 432 carries a positive charge, the first electrode 41 is a positive electrode, and the second electrode 42 is a negative electrode, if the narrow viewing angle mode is selected, the first electrode 41 and the second electrode 42 are powered off, and the particle structure 43 is close to the first electrode 41 due to gravity. If the wide viewing angle mode is selected, the first electrode 41 and the second electrode 42 are powered on, and according to the principle that like charges repel and opposite charges attract, the positively charged particle structure 43 is close to the negatively charged second electrode 42 and away from the positively charged first electrode 41 under the action of electrostatics. When the electrophoretic particle 432 carries a negative charge, the first electrode 41 is a negative electrode, and the second electrode 42 is a positive electrode, if the narrow viewing angle mode is selected, the first electrode 41 and the second electrode 42 are powered off, and the particle structure 43 is close to the first electrode 41 due to gravity. If the wide viewing angle mode is selected, the first electrode 41 and the second electrode 42 are energized. According to the principle that like repels like and opposites attract, the negatively charged particle structure 43 approaches the positively charged second electrode 42 and moves away from the negatively charged first electrode 41 under the action of static electricity.

[0062] The electrophoretic particles 432 are white electrophoretic particles, which can be made of commonly used titanium dioxide TiO2, silicon dioxide SiO2, barium sulfide BaS, or zinc oxide ZnO.

[0063] The dispersion medium can be selected from one or more organic solvents, and can include epoxy compounds, aromatic compounds, halogenated hydrocarbons and oligomers thereof.

[0064] The material of the shell 431 may include commonly used polymer materials such as polyurea, urea formaldehyde resin, polyvinyl alcohol, gelatin, gum arabic, cellulose, etc.

[0065] The electrophoretic particles 432 , the dispersion medium, the charge control agent and the shell 431 are prepared to form the particle structure 43 by commonly used methods such as aqueous phase separation, in-situ polymerization and interfacial polymerization.

[0066] In some embodiments, a groove 421 is disposed on a side of the second electrode 42 facing the prism structure 30 , and when the prism film 100 is in the second state, the particle structure 43 is located in the groove 421 .

[0067] Specifically, Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, in the second state, the particle structure 43 is located in the groove 421, and the groove 421 can fix the position of the particle structure 43 in the second state, and increase the contact area between the second electrode 42 and the particle structure 43, reducing the probability of the particle structure 43 moving to both sides. The side wall of the groove 421 can also apply electrostatic force to the particles. At this time, the particle structure 43 is subjected to electrostatic forces at multiple angles. Compared with the contact between the particle structure 43 and the planar second electrode 42, the particle structure 43 is only subjected to vertically upward electrostatic force. The groove 421 is provided on the second electrode 42, and a smaller electrode action can be applied to the second electrode 42 to keep the prism film 100 in the second state, that is, reduce the electric energy required to achieve the wide viewing angle mode.

[0068] In some embodiments, the shape of the groove 421 includes a semi-arc shape, and the semi-arc shape is adapted to the shape of the particle structure 43. The diameter of the semi-arc shape may be greater than or equal to the diameter of the particle structure 43 to ensure that the groove 421 can accommodate the particle structure 43. For example, the diameter of the semi-arc shape may be equal to the diameter of the particle structure 43 to ensure that the two are better adapted.

[0069] Preferably, the grooves 421 correspond one to one with the particle structures 43, and the grooves 421 can only accommodate one particle structure 43. If a groove 421 accommodates multiple particle structures 43, since the particle structure 43 itself carries an electric charge, two adjacent particle structures 43 will repel each other, which is not conducive to the stability of the structure in the second state, that is, it reduces the stability in the wide viewing angle mode.

[0070] In some embodiments, the prism structure 30 includes a first portion 31 and two light-transmissive second portions 32 , the second portions 32 are located on both sides of the first portion 31 , and a storage area 33 of the particle structure 43 is formed between two adjacent prism structures 30 .

[0071] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the prism structure 30 includes a first part 31 and a second part 32, and the second part 32 is located on both sides of the first part 31. The first part 31 is a pyramid structure, which refracts and reflects the light incident therein, so that the angle of the outgoing light is between -30 degrees and +30 degrees. The second part 32 is made of a light-transmitting material and does not affect the light. The storage area 33 formed by two adjacent prism structures 30, that is, the gap between two adjacent second parts 32, is used to store the particle structure 43 in the first state.

[0072] Since a small portion of light still passes through the particle structure 43 and is scattered in the first state, in order to reduce the light passing through the particle structure 43, the dispersion degree of the particle structure 43 in the first electrode 41 in the first state needs to be reduced as much as possible. Preferably, the diameter of the storage area 33 is equal to the diameter of the particle structure 43, that is, the particle structure 43 is stacked in the storage area 33, reducing the light scattered in the small angle mode and further improving the brightness of the normal viewing angle.

[0073] It is worth noting that this embodiment only takes the pyramid structure as an example and does not limit the shape of the first part 31. The first part 31 may include common strip prisms, strip prisms combined with different heights, pyramid structures combined with different heights, etc.

[0074] In some embodiments, the diameter of the electrophoretic particles 432 is between 10 nanometers and 5 micrometers. If the particle size of the electrophoretic particles 432 is too large, the resolution of the display device will be reduced, resulting in a "grainy feeling", which will reduce the quality of the display image and thus reduce the user experience.

[0075] In this embodiment, the present application provides a first prism film 100, by setting a particle layer 40 in the prism film 100, wherein the particle structure 43 in the particle layer 40 includes charged electrophoretic particles 432, under the action of the first electrode 41 and the second electrode 42, in the second state, the particle structure 43 is located in the groove 421 of the second electrode 42, and when the light passes through the particle structure 43, it is scattered in different directions, realizing wide viewing angle display; in the first state, the particle structure 43 is located in the gap of the prism structure 30 on one side of the first electrode 41, and most of the light does not pass through the particle structure 43, that is, most of the light does not scatter, and the emission range of the emitted light is between -30 degrees and +30 degrees, realizing narrow viewing angle display and improving the brightness of the display screen. By setting the groove 421 on the second electrode 42, on the one hand, the probability of the particle structure 43 moving to both sides is reduced, and on the other hand, the electric energy required to realize the wide viewing angle mode is reduced. By setting the second part 32 in the prism structure 30 and stacking the particle structure 43 in the storage area 33, the dispersion of the particle structure 43 in the first electrode 41 in the first state is reduced, the scattered light in the small-angle mode is reduced, and the brightness at the normal viewing angle is further improved.

[0076] Second embodiment

[0077] Figure 5 A schematic structural diagram showing a prism film 100 provided in the second embodiment of the present application in a first state; Figure 6 A schematic structural diagram of the prism film 100 provided in the second embodiment of the present application is shown in the second state.

[0078] like Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown, the second embodiment of the present application provides a prism film 100, whose structure is similar to that of the first embodiment, except that the particle structure 43 includes a plurality of nanoparticles 433, and when the prism film 100 is in a first state, the plurality of nanoparticles 433 are in a dispersed state; when the prism film 100 is in a second state, the plurality of nanoparticles 433 are aggregated.

[0079] In the first state, the first electrode 41 and the second electrode 42 are not energized, and no dipole is generated between the nanoparticles 433, and the nanoparticles 433 are in a dispersed state. The particle size of the nanoparticles 433 is much smaller than the wavelength of the light, so the light can pass through the nanoparticles 433. That is, the nanoparticles 433 do not affect the light emitted from the prism structure 30. At this time, the emission angle of the light emitted from the prism film 100 is the same as the emission angle of the light emitted from the prism structure 30, that is, -30 degrees to +30 degrees, presenting a narrow viewing angle mode, and reducing light pollution from -180 degrees to -30 degrees and +30 degrees to +180 degrees.

[0080] In the second state, the first electrode 41 and the second electrode 42 are energized. Under the action of the electric field, on the one hand, dipoles are generated between the nanoparticles 433, and adjacent nanoparticles 433 are attracted together; on the other hand, affected by the van der Waals force, adjacent nanoparticles 433 aggregate to form particles with a larger particle size. When the particle size of the particle is close to the wavelength of the light, the light is scattered, that is, the light passing through the prism is scattered evenly at this time, achieving a sense of same vision under a wide viewing angle.

[0081] The first electrode 41 and the second electrode 42 have opposite polarities. For example, the first electrode 41 is a positive electrode and the second electrode 42 is a negative electrode; or the first electrode 41 is a negative electrode and the second electrode 42 is a positive electrode. The present application does not specifically limit the polarities of the first electrode 41 and the second electrode 42.

[0082] In some embodiments, the nanoparticles 433 include titanium dioxide, clay, magnesium silicate, organic insulating materials, gold, silver, and cadmium selenide. It should be noted that although the nanoparticles 433 herein can be made of any of the above materials, in actual application, the material of the nanoparticles 433 is single. That is to say, in actual application, the nanoparticles 433 can be made entirely of titanium dioxide or cadmium selenide, without limitation.

[0083] Among them, titanium dioxide, clay, magnesium silicate and organic insulating materials are insulators, cadmium selenide is a semiconductor, and gold and silver are conductors.

[0084] In some embodiments, the particle structure 43 further includes a suspension, in which the nanoparticles 433 are suspended. The suspension is a high resistivity fluid, which may include halogenated hydrocarbons, such as tetrachloroethylene.

[0085] In this embodiment, by setting a particle structure 43 including nanoparticles 433, the on and off of the first electrode 41 and the second electrode 42 are controlled, thereby controlling the aggregation or dispersion of the nanoparticles 433 to achieve the switching between the narrow viewing angle mode and the wide viewing angle mode. Specifically, when the first electrode 41 and the second electrode 42 are not powered on, the nanoparticles 433 are in a dispersed state, and light can penetrate the nanoparticles 433, that is, the nanoparticles 433 do not affect the light. At this time, the exit angle of the light emitted by the prism film 100 is the exit angle of the light emitted by the prism structure 30, that is, -30 degrees to +30 degrees, to achieve the narrow viewing angle mode. When the first electrode 41 and the second electrode 42 are powered on, the nanoparticles 433 aggregate to form particles with a larger particle size, which scatter the light, thereby achieving the wide viewing angle mode.

[0086] In some embodiments, the backlight module 200 further includes a diffusion sheet 400 located on one side of the prism film 100 .

[0087] In this embodiment, two particle structures 43 are provided, both of which can realize switching between narrow viewing angle mode and wide viewing angle mode under the action of the first electrode 41 and the second electrode 42. In the narrow viewing angle mode, the brightness of the center of the picture is higher, so that the light is fully utilized; in the wide viewing angle mode, the visual sense at multiple angles is the same, which improves the user experience.

[0088] Third embodiment

[0089] Figure 7 A schematic structural diagram of a display device 300 provided in Embodiment 3 of the present application is shown.

[0090] like Figure 7 As shown, the third embodiment of the present application provides a display device 300, including:

[0091] The backlight module 200 mentioned in the first embodiment;

[0092] The display panel 500 is located at the light emitting side of the backlight module 200 .

[0093] In some embodiments,

[0094] The display device 300 can be provided with a prism film 100, and a particle layer 40 is provided in the prism film 100, wherein the particle structure 43 in the particle layer 40 includes charged electrophoretic particles 432. Under the action of the first electrode 41 and the second electrode 42, in the second state, the particle structure 43 is located in the groove 421 of the second electrode 42, and when light passes through the particle structure 43, it is scattered in different directions, thereby realizing wide viewing angle display; in the first state, the particle structure 43 is located in the gap of the prism structure 30 on one side of the first electrode 41, and most of the light does not pass through the particle structure 43, that is, most of the light does not scatter, and the emission range of the emitted light is between -30 degrees and +30 degrees, thereby realizing narrow viewing angle display and improving the brightness of the display screen. By providing the groove 421 on the second electrode 42, on the one hand, the probability of the particle structure 43 moving to both sides is reduced, and on the other hand, the electric energy required to realize the wide viewing angle mode is reduced. By setting the second part 32 in the prism structure 30 and stacking the particle structure 43 in the storage area 33, the dispersion of the particle structure 43 in the first electrode 41 in the first state is reduced, the scattered light in the small angle mode is reduced, and the brightness at the normal viewing angle is further improved.

[0095] In some embodiments,

[0096] The display device 300 may be provided with a prism film 100. The prism film 100 controls the on and off of the first electrode 41 and the second electrode 42 by providing a particle structure 43 including nanoparticles 433, thereby controlling the aggregation or dispersion of the nanoparticles 433 to achieve switching between a narrow viewing angle mode and a wide viewing angle mode. Specifically, when the first electrode 41 and the second electrode 42 are not powered on, the nanoparticles 433 are in a dispersed state, and light can penetrate the nanoparticles 433, that is, the nanoparticles 433 do not affect the light. At this time, the emission angle of the light emitted by the prism film 100 is the emission angle of the light emitted by the prism structure 30, that is, -30 degrees to +30 degrees, to achieve a narrow viewing angle mode. When the first electrode 41 and the second electrode 42 are powered on, the nanoparticles 433 aggregate to form particles with a larger particle size, which scatter the light, thereby achieving a wide viewing angle mode.

[0097] It should be noted that the prism touch 100 in this embodiment may be other structures besides the prism touch 100 in the above-mentioned embodiment, and this is not limited to this.

[0098] In this embodiment, the prism film 100 is used to switch between the narrow viewing angle mode and the wide viewing angle mode. In the narrow viewing angle mode, the brightness of the center of the picture is higher, so that the light is fully utilized; in the wide viewing angle mode, the visual experience is the same at multiple angles, which improves the user experience.

[0099] It should be easily understood that “on,” “above,” and “over” in this application should be interpreted in the broadest manner, so that “on” not only means “directly on something,” but also includes the meaning of “on something” with intervening features or layers therebetween, and “above” or “over” not only includes the meaning of “above something” or “over,” but also may include the meaning of “above something” or “over” with no intervening features or layers therebetween (i.e., directly on something).

[0100] The term "substrate substrate" as used herein refers to the material on which subsequent material layers are added. The substrate substrate itself can be patterned. The material added on top of the substrate substrate can be patterned, or can remain unpatterned. In addition, the substrate substrate can include a wide range of materials, such as silicon, germanium, gallium arsenide, indium phosphide, etc. Alternatively, the substrate substrate can be made of a non-conductive material (e.g., glass, plastic, or sapphire wafer, etc.).

[0101] The term "layer" used in the text may refer to a material portion including an area with a certain thickness. A layer may extend over the entire underlying structure or overlying structure, or may have a range smaller than the range of the underlying or overlying structure. In addition, a layer may be an area of ​​a homogeneous or inhomogeneous continuous structure, the thickness of which is less than the thickness of the continuous structure. For example, a layer may be located between the top surface and the bottom surface of the continuous structure or between any paired lateral planes at the top surface and the bottom surface. A layer may extend laterally, vertically and / or along a tapered surface. A substrate substrate may be a layer, may include one or more layers therein, and / or may have one or more layers located thereon, above it and / or below it. A layer may include multiple layers. For example, an interconnect layer may include one or more conductors and a contact layer (forming contacts, interconnects and / or vias therein) and one or more dielectric layers.

[0102] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, rather than to limit it. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. A backlight module, characterized in that: The invention comprises a backlight plate and a prism film located at the light-emitting side of the backlight plate, wherein the prism film comprises a first layer, a second layer and a plurality of prism structures, wherein the first layer and the second layer are arranged opposite to each other, and the prism structure is located between the first layer and the second layer. The prism film further includes a particle layer, the particle layer includes a first electrode, a second electrode and a dispersed particle structure, the first electrode is located on a side of the first layer facing the prism structure, the second electrode is located on a side of the second layer facing the prism structure, and the particle structure is located between the first electrode and the second electrode. Wherein, when the prism film is in the first state, the angle between the outgoing light and the center line of the prism film is less than or equal to 30 degrees; when the prism film is in the second state, the angle between the outgoing light and the center line of the prism film is between 0 degrees and 90 degrees.

2. The backlight module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The particle structure includes a light-transmitting shell and electrophoretic particles, a dispersion medium, and a charge control agent located in the shell. When the prism film is in a first state, the particle structure is close to the first electrode. When the prism film is in a second state, the particle structure is close to the second electrode.

3. The backlight module according to claim 2, characterized in that: A groove is provided on a side of the second electrode facing the prism structure, and when the prism film is in the second state, the particle structure is located in the groove.

4. The backlight module according to claim 3, characterized in that: The shape of the groove includes a semi-arc shape, and the semi-arc shape is adapted to the outer shape of the particle structure.

5. The backlight module according to claim 2, characterized in that: The prism structure includes a first part and two light-transmissive second parts, wherein the second parts are located on both sides of the first part, and a storage area of ​​the particle structure is formed between two adjacent prism structures.

6. The backlight module according to claim 2, characterized in that: The diameter of the electrophoretic particles is between 10 nanometers and 5 micrometers.

7. The backlight module according to claim 2, characterized in that: The dispersion medium includes: decane oxide, toluene, naphthalene, tetrachloroethylene, and polytrichloroethylene.

8. The backlight module according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The particle structure includes a plurality of nanoparticles. When the prism film is in a first state, the plurality of nanoparticles are in a dispersed state. When the prism film is in a second state, the plurality of nanoparticles are aggregated.

9. The backlight module according to claim 8, characterized in that: The nanoparticles include titanium dioxide, clay, magnesium silicate, organic insulating material, gold, silver and cadmium selenide.

10. A display device, characterized in that: include: The backlight module according to any one of claims 1 to 9; The display panel is located on the light emitting side of the backlight module.

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