Biodiversity zoning control optimization method based on noise influence

Abstract

The invention discloses a biological diversity zoning management and control optimization method based on noise influence, relates to the technical field of noise pollution, and aims to solve the problems that airport noise zoning management and control can only be carried out through the density of aircraft noise, the diversity of bird species is not considered, the applicability of sensitivity difference of the bird species is reduced, and the reliability of the airport noise zoning management and control is affected. The method solves the technical problem that the airport noise zoning control is not scientific due to the fact that the airport noise exposure area is large in size and different in noise influence degree, and comprises the following steps that biodiversity distribution zoning in the airport noise exposure area is obtained, gridding processing is conducted on the airport noise exposure area, and an airport noise exposure area grid is determined; according to the method, the airport bird noise influence grid diagram and the ecological environment sensitivity grid diagram are combined, and the three targets of the biological diversity, the airport noise and the ecological environment sensitive area are combined, so that the airport biological diversity zoning control is realized, and the applicability of the bird species sensitivity difference is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of noise pollution, and more specifically, to a method for optimizing biodiversity zoning management and control based on noise impact. Background Art

[0002] As cities expand and human development continues to cause more environmental pollution, changes in the ecological environment have had a serious impact on the survival of some animal and plant populations. Noise pollution, as one of the seven major public hazards, has become one of the most serious problems facing life on Earth today. Airport noise has become one of the reasons for the increase in bird mortality and the continued decline in biodiversity around airports.

[0003] To this end, ecological protection areas are set up near the airport, and ecological corridors are constructed. In order to ensure the continuation of wildlife biodiversity, the improvement of ecological functions and the optimization of natural landscapes, the ecological environment protection red line protection areas are divided into three levels: core protection areas, important protection areas and general protection areas according to the habitat characteristics of noise-sensitive species. And the control area and non-control area are divided according to the impact range of airport noise. Through the implementation of environmental monitoring for airport noise zoning control, regular environmental governance work such as source vibration reduction and ecological restoration is carried out to continuously improve the quality of the ecological environment.

[0004] However, since aircraft noise is one of the main reasons for the reduction of biodiversity in ecological and environmental protection areas, traditional methods can only control airport noise zoning based on the density of aircraft noise. Bird species diversity is not taken into account, resulting in reduced applicability of differences in bird species sensitivity, as well as areas with different degrees of noise impact, making airport noise zoning control unscientific.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need to propose an optimization method for biodiversity zoning control based on noise impact to improve the accuracy and rationality of airport noise biodiversity zoning control. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for optimizing biodiversity zoning control based on noise impact, so as to solve the technical problems that traditional means can only control airport noise zoning through the density of aircraft noise, without taking into account the diversity of bird species, resulting in reduced applicability of differences in bird species sensitivity, and areas with different degrees of noise impact, resulting in unscientific airport noise zoning control.

[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a method for optimizing biodiversity zoning management and control based on noise impact, comprising the following steps: S1: Obtain the biodiversity distribution zones within the airport noise exposure area, grid the airport noise exposure area, and determine the airport noise exposure area grid; S2: Determine the noise sensitivity index of birds based on the difference data of bird noise sensitivity; S3: Determine the noise avoidance exposure of birds based on the bird noise behavior data; S4: Use the bird noise avoidance exposure, bird noise sensitivity index and airport noise exposure area grid to construct an airport noise impact index; S5: superimpose the airport noise impact index onto the airport noise exposure area grid to form an airport noise impact grid distribution map; S6: Obtain the distribution map of regional ecological and environmental sensitive areas, and obtain the optimized airport noise impact grid distribution map based on the airport noise impact grid distribution map; S7: The airport noise impact grid distribution map and the regional ecological and environmental sensitive area distribution map are fused into the drone map through network layers to obtain the airport biodiversity zoning control layer.

[0008] Among them, in the optimized airport noise impact grid distribution map, areas with high bird noise avoidance exposure are optimized to be unsuitable bird habitats, and areas with low bird noise avoidance exposure are optimized to be suitable bird habitats.

[0009] The present invention combines the airport bird noise impact grid map in the airport noise impact distribution map with the ecological environment sensitivity grid distribution map, and combines the three goals of biodiversity, airport noise, and ecological environment sensitive areas to achieve airport biodiversity zoning management and control, and ensure the applicability of bird species sensitivity differences.

[0010] Preferably, the noise sensitivity difference data of birds includes multiple groups of bird species and their corresponding exposure noise sensitivity indexes, wherein the exposure noise sensitivity index pass Determine, where For the Noise sensitivity index of bird groups, is a positive integer, and , is the number of bird groups, For the Thresholds of hearing characteristics of bird groups, is the duration of the noise, is the signal-to-noise ratio.

[0011] Preferably, the Thresholds of hearing characteristics of bird groups pass Determine, where For the Natural thresholds for bird groups, For environmental noise.

[0012] Preferably, the signal-to-noise ratio pass Determine, where is the total noise level, is the noise pulse number of the aircraft, is the distance between the aircraft and the receiver, and respectively and frequency.

[0013] Preferably, the noise avoidance exposure of the bird is determined by Determine, where For the The noise avoidance exposure of birds in the square grid, For the The number of daytime bird species in each square grid, For the The number of nocturnal bird species in each square grid. For the Daytime bird noise avoidance exposure within a square grid, For the Nocturnal bird noise avoidance exposure within a square grid.

[0014] Preferably, the Daytime bird noise avoidance exposure within a square grid , determined by the following formula: ; In the formula, Daytime is the first Daytime bird noise avoidance exposure within a square grid, For the The number of daytime flight activities of diurnal bird species within the square grid, For the The number of diurnal flocks of diurnal bird species within the square grid, For the The proportion of diurnal activity of diurnal bird species within a grid square.

[0015] Preferably, the The number of daytime flight activities of diurnal bird species within the square grid , determined by the following formula: ; In the formula, For the The number of daytime flight activities of diurnal bird species within the square grid, For the The number of daytime bird species flying within the square grid, For the Average flight distance of daytime bird species within a grid of squares.

[0016] Preferably, the Nighttime bird noise avoidance exposure within a square grid , determined by the following formula: ; In the formula, For the The number of nocturnal flight activities of diurnal bird species within the square grid, For the The number of nocturnal flocks of nocturnal bird species within a square grid. For the The proportion of nocturnal activity of nocturnal bird species within a square grid.

[0017] Preferably, the airport noise impact index is constructed ,pass Determine, where For the Airport noise impact index within a square grid, For the The area of ​​the square grid, For the The square grid Noise sensitivity index of bird groups, For the Noise avoidance exposure of birds within a square grid.

[0018] Preferably, on the airport noise impact index grid distribution map, the method of obtaining the optimized airport noise impact grid distribution map is: S701: Determine the distribution map of regional ecological and environmental sensitive areas; S702: Intersecting the airport noise exposure area grid with the regional ecological and environmental sensitive area distribution map to form an optimized airport noise impact grid distribution map; S703: When any coordinate position within the airport noise impact grid is marked as an ecologically sensitive area, the coordinate position is optimized to be a suitable bird habitat; When any coordinate position within the airport noise impact grid is not marked as an ecological and environmental sensitive area, regional optimization is performed based on the airport noise impact index value, and the optimized airport noise impact grid distribution is determined based on the regional optimization results.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. The present invention combines the airport bird noise impact grid map in the airport noise impact distribution map with the ecological environment sensitivity grid distribution map, combines the three goals of biodiversity, airport noise, and ecological environment sensitive areas, realizes airport biodiversity zoning management and control, and ensures the applicability of bird species sensitivity differences.

[0020] 2. The present invention constructs an airport noise impact distribution map by comprehensively analyzing the differences in noise sensitivity and noise behavior of birds, and combines it with noise behavior data to comprehensively display the grid distribution status of noise-exposed areas in the airport under the influence of noise, thereby improving the accuracy of airport noise biodiversity zoning control and realizing scientific zoning control of airport noise.

[0021] 3. Based on the protection of ecologically sensitive areas, the present invention optimizes the grid distribution map of airport bird noise impact. In the airport noise zoning control plan, areas with large impacts of airport noise are optimized to be unsuitable for bird habitats, thereby achieving the protection of airport ecological biodiversity.

[0022] 4. The present invention utilizes GIS technology in combination with the airport noise grid map to visualize the airport biodiversity zoning control layer based on the drone map, thereby improving the intuitiveness of management and monitoring for airport managers. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The present invention relates to a noise impact-based biodiversity zoning control optimization method, which is applicable to airport biodiversity zoning control, and comprises the following steps: S1: Determine the airport noise exposure area, grid the airport noise exposure area, and form square grids of the same size, and the side length of each square grid in the airport noise exposure area is rice, greater than 0, each square grid contains at least one bird; Wherein, the airport noise exposure area is the noise impact range on the aircraft; S2: Obtaining noise sensitivity difference data of birds, wherein the noise sensitivity difference data of birds includes multiple groups of bird species and their corresponding exposure noise sensitivity indexes , is a positive integer, and , is the number of bird groups, the number of bird groups Not less than 2, the exposure noise sensitivity index Determined by the following formula: ; Where: For the Noise exposure sensitivity index of bird groups; For the Thresholds of hearing characteristics of bird groups; is the duration of the noise; is the signal-to-noise ratio; Among them, the Thresholds of hearing characteristics of bird groups pass Determine, where For the Natural thresholds for bird groups, is environmental noise; Among them, the signal-to-noise ratio pass Determine, where is the total noise level, is the noise pulse number of the aircraft, is the distance between the aircraft and the receiver, and respectively and frequency; Among them, the Natural thresholds for bird groups pass Determine, where is the average threshold for birds, is the proportionality coefficient, Inversely proportional to the number of bird species, for the number of bird species; S3: Acquire noise behavior data of birds, wherein the noise behavior data of birds includes: The number of daytime flight activities, the number of daytime flocks and the proportion of daytime activities for each bird species, and The number of nocturnal flight activities, number of nocturnal flocks and proportion of nocturnal activity for each bird species; The daytime is 5:30-18:30; the nighttime is 21:00-5:00; S4: Determine the noise avoidance exposure of the birds in each square grid based on the noise behavior data of the birds in each square grid , the noise avoidance exposure of birds in each square grid Determined by the following formula: ; In the formula, For the Noise avoidance exposure of birds within a square grid; For the The number of daytime bird species within each square grid; For the The number of nocturnal bird species within each square grid; For the Daytime bird noise avoidance exposure within a square grid; For the Nocturnal bird noise avoidance exposure within a square grid; Among them, the Daytime bird noise avoidance exposure within a square grid , determined by the following formula: ; In the formula, Daytime is the first Daytime bird noise avoidance exposure within a square grid; For the The number of daytime flight activities of diurnal bird species within each square grid; For the The number of diurnal flocks of diurnal bird species within the square grid; For the The proportion of diurnal activity of diurnal bird species within the square grid; Among them, the The number of daytime flight activities of diurnal bird species within the square grid , determined by the following formula: ; In the formula, For the The number of daytime flight activities of diurnal bird species within the square grid, For the The number of daytime bird species flying within the square grid, For the Average flight distance of diurnal bird species within a grid square; Among them, the Nighttime bird noise avoidance exposure within a square grid , determined by the following formula: ; In the formula, For the The number of nocturnal flight activities of diurnal bird species within a square grid; For the The number of nocturnal flocks of nocturnal bird species within each square grid; For the The proportion of nocturnal activity of nocturnal bird species within each square grid; S5: Determine the airport noise impact index within each square grid based on the bird's exposure noise sensitivity index and the bird's noise avoidance exposure , is a positive integer, and ; Among them, the airport noise impact index within each square grid is ,pass Determine, where For the Airport noise impact index within a square grid, For the The area of ​​the square grid, For the The square grid Noise sensitivity index of bird groups, For the Noise avoidance exposure of birds within a square grid; S6: Airport noise impact index It is superimposed on the airport noise exposure area grid to form the airport noise impact grid distribution map; S7: Obtain a regional ecological and environmental sensitive area distribution map, obtain an optimized airport noise impact grid distribution map based on the airport noise impact grid distribution map, fuse the optimized airport noise impact grid distribution map and the regional ecological and environmental sensitive area distribution map through network layers, and overlay them on the drone map to obtain an airport biodiversity zoning control layer; In the embodiment of the present invention, in the optimized airport noise impact grid distribution map, areas with high bird noise avoidance exposure are optimized as unsuitable bird habitats, and areas with low bird noise avoidance exposure are optimized as suitable bird habitats; In an embodiment of the present invention, the airport biodiversity zoning control layer includes a distribution map of unsuitable bird habitats, suitable bird habitats, and ecologically sensitive areas; In an embodiment of the present invention, the method for obtaining the optimized airport noise impact grid distribution map on the airport noise impact index grid distribution map in step S7 is: S701, determine the distribution map of regional ecological and environmental sensitive areas; S702, intersecting the airport noise exposure area grid with the regional ecological and environmental sensitive area distribution map to form an optimized airport noise impact grid distribution map; S703, when any coordinate position within the airport noise impact grid is marked as an ecologically sensitive area, the coordinate position is optimized as a suitable bird habitat; When any coordinate position within the airport noise impact grid is not marked as an ecological and environmental sensitive area, regional optimization is performed based on the airport noise impact index value, and the optimized airport noise impact grid distribution map is determined based on the regional optimization results.

[0024] In an embodiment of the present invention, a drone is used to obtain the noise behavior data of birds in the airport ecological zone, or a drone is used to perform aerial photography of the airport ecological zone.

[0025] The embodiments of the present invention disclose preferred embodiments, but are not limited thereto. A person skilled in the art can easily understand the spirit of the present invention based on the above embodiments and make different extensions and changes. However, as long as they do not deviate from the spirit of the present invention, they are all within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for optimizing biodiversity zoning management and control based on noise impact, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: Obtain the biodiversity distribution zones within the airport noise exposure area, grid the airport noise exposure area, and determine the airport noise exposure area grid; S2: Determine the noise sensitivity index of birds based on the difference data of bird noise sensitivity; S3: Determine the noise avoidance exposure of birds based on the bird noise behavior data; S4: Use the bird noise avoidance exposure, bird noise sensitivity index and airport noise exposure area grid to construct an airport noise impact index; S5: superimpose the airport noise impact index onto the airport noise exposure area grid to form an airport noise impact grid distribution map; S6: Obtain the distribution map of regional ecological and environmental sensitive areas, and obtain the optimized airport noise impact grid distribution map based on the airport noise impact grid distribution map; S7: The airport noise impact grid distribution map and the regional ecological and environmental sensitive area distribution map are fused into the drone map through network layers to obtain the airport biodiversity zoning control layer.

2. Among them, In the optimized airport noise impact grid distribution map, areas with high bird noise avoidance exposure are optimized to be unsuitable bird habitats, and areas with low bird noise avoidance exposure are optimized to be suitable bird habitats.

3. The method for optimizing biodiversity zoning management and control based on noise impact according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The noise sensitivity difference data of birds includes multiple groups of bird species and their corresponding exposure noise sensitivity indexes. pass Determine, where For the Noise sensitivity index of bird groups, For the Thresholds of hearing characteristics of bird groups, is the duration of the noise, is the signal-to-noise ratio.

4. The method for optimizing biodiversity zoning management and control based on noise impact according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The said Thresholds of hearing characteristics of bird groups pass Determine, where For the Natural thresholds for bird groups, For environmental noise.

5. The method for optimizing biodiversity zoning management and control based on noise impact according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The signal-to-noise ratio pass Determine, where is the total noise level, is the noise pulse number of the aircraft, is the distance between the aircraft and the receiver, and respectively and frequency.

6. The method for optimizing biodiversity zoning management and control based on noise impact according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The noise avoidance exposure of the birds was determined by Determine, where For the The noise avoidance exposure of birds in the square grid, For the The number of daytime bird species in each square grid, For the The number of nocturnal bird species in each square grid. For the Daytime bird noise avoidance exposure within a square grid, For the Nocturnal bird noise avoidance exposure within a square grid.

7. The method for optimizing biodiversity zoning management and control based on noise impact according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The said Daytime bird noise avoidance exposure within a square grid , determined by the following formula: ； In the formula, Daytime is the first Daytime bird noise avoidance exposure within a square grid, For the The number of daytime flight activities of diurnal bird species within the square grid, For the The number of diurnal flocks of diurnal bird species within the square grid, For the The proportion of diurnal activity of diurnal bird species within a grid square.

8. The method for optimizing biodiversity zoning management and control based on noise impact according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The said The number of daytime flight activities of diurnal bird species within the square grid , determined by the following formula: ； In the formula, For the The number of daytime flight activities of diurnal bird species within the square grid, For the The number of daytime bird species flying within the square grid, For the Average flight distance of daytime bird species within a grid of squares.

9. The method for optimizing biodiversity zoning management and control based on noise impact according to claim 7, characterized in that: The said Nighttime bird noise avoidance exposure within a square grid , determined by the following formula: ； In the formula, For the The number of nocturnal flight activities of diurnal bird species within the square grid, For the The number of nocturnal flocks of nocturnal bird species within a square grid. For the The proportion of nocturnal activity of nocturnal bird species within a square grid.

10. The method for optimizing biodiversity zoning management and control based on noise impact according to claim 1, characterized in that: The construction of airport noise impact index ,pass Determine, where For the Airport noise impact index within a square grid, For the The area of ​​the square grid, For the The square grid Noise sensitivity index of bird groups, For the Noise avoidance exposure of birds within a square grid.

11. The method for optimizing biodiversity zoning management and control based on noise impact according to claim 1, characterized in that: On the airport noise impact index grid distribution map, the optimized airport noise impact grid distribution map is obtained as follows: S701: Determine the distribution map of regional ecological and environmental sensitive areas; S702: Intersecting the airport noise exposure area grid with the regional ecological and environmental sensitive area distribution map to form an optimized airport noise impact grid distribution map; S703: When any coordinate position within the airport noise impact grid is marked as an ecologically sensitive area, the coordinate position is optimized to be a suitable bird habitat; When any coordinate position within the airport noise impact grid is not marked as an ecological and environmental sensitive area, regional optimization is performed based on the airport noise impact index value, and the optimized airport noise impact grid distribution is determined based on the regional optimization results.

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