Electrosurgical instrument and method of use thereof

Abstract

Embodiments include an end effector comprising an anvil comprising a first end, a second end, and an anvil face positionable on a first side of an anatomical structure; a cartridge operably configured to receive a plurality of staples, the cartridge including a first end, a second end, and a cartridge surface positionable on a second side of the anatomical structure. The end effector includes a blade assembly including a blade including a first side and a second side connected at a cutting edge, a beam, and a nut. The end effector includes first and second electrodes coupled to the first side of the blade and an electrosurgical power generation source in electrical communication with the first and second electrodes.

Description

[0001] Related Applications

[0002] This application claims priority to U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 63 / 335,955 filed on April 28, 2022 and U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 63 / 340,505 filed on May 11, 2022, the entire contents of each of which are incorporated herein by reference. Background Art

[0003] Embodiments of the present technology relate generally to electrosurgery techniques and, more particularly, to end effectors and stapling devices and methods of using the devices in surgical procedures. Summary of the invention

[0004] Embodiments include an end effector used by a surgeon to staple an anatomical structure of a patient, the end effector comprising a first jaw having a first end, a second end, a longitudinal axis, and an anvil having an anvil surface; a second jaw having a first end, a second end, a longitudinal axis, and a staple cartridge operably configured to accommodate a plurality of staples, the staple cartridge having a staple cartridge surface; a first coupling coupling the first end of the first jaw to the first end of the second jaw; and a second coupling movably coupling the second end of the first jaw to the second end of the second jaw. Certain embodiments include a blade having a cutting surface and at least one transverse arm. Certain embodiments include a channel defined by the first jaw or the second jaw to retain at least one transverse arm of the blade. In certain embodiments, the blade transitions from a first position at a distal end of the end effector to a second position at a proximal end of the end effector to resect the anatomical structure. Certain embodiments include multiple electrodes coupled to one side of the blade such that the multiple electrodes contact the anatomical structure during resection to cauterize, coagulate / desiccate, and / or seal tissue on one side of the blade by heating the tissue and blood vessels to achieve hemostasis.

[0005] In some embodiments, the first end of the first jaw is the distal end of the first jaw and the second end of the first jaw is the proximal end of the first jaw. In some embodiments, the first coupling includes a pin having a pin axis that is transverse to the longitudinal axis of the first jaw and the longitudinal axis of the second jaw, wherein the pin pivotally couples the first end of the first jaw to the first end of the second jaw. In some embodiments, the second coupling includes a slot defined by the first jaw or the second jaw, the slot retaining the rigid link so that the rigid link can slide in the slot. In some embodiments, the slot has a length of 3mm to 8mm. Some embodiments include a plurality of staples at least partially retained by a staple cartridge of the second jaw. In some embodiments, a plurality of staples at least partially retained by a staple cartridge are positioned between the first coupling and the second coupling. Some embodiments include a blade having a cutting surface, at least one lateral arm, and first and second electrodes coupled to one side of the blade. In some embodiments, the first and second electrodes are electrically connected to an electrosurgical power source (such as a bipolar energy source). Certain embodiments include a channel defined by the first jaw or the second jaw to retain at least one lateral arm of the blade. In certain embodiments, the blade transitions from a first position at the distal end of the end effector to a second position at the proximal end of the end effector to resect the anatomical structure. In certain embodiments, energy is delivered by first and second electrodes to achieve hemostasis of the anatomical structure during resection, wherein the first electrode is an active electrode and the second electrode is a return electrode.

[0006] An embodiment of a method for performing anastomosis and hemostasis on an anatomical structure of a patient during minimally invasive surgery, the anatomical structure having a first side and a second side, the method comprising the following steps: providing an end effector, the end effector comprising a first jaw, the first jaw having a first end, a second end, a longitudinal axis, and an anvil, the anvil having an anvil surface; a second jaw, the second jaw having a first end, a second end, a longitudinal axis, and a staple cartridge for holding a plurality of staples, the staple cartridge having a staple cartridge surface; a first coupling, which couples the first end of the first jaw to the first end of the second jaw; a second coupling, which movably couples the second end of the first jaw to the second end of the second jaw; a knife, which is connected to the first jaw or the second jaw Two jaws are coupled and slidable relative to the first jaw or the second jaw; and an active electrode and a return electrode, which are coupled to the knife; an end effector is inserted through a cannula to enter the anatomical structure; a staple magazine surface is positioned on a first side of the anatomical structure; an anvil surface is positioned on a second side of the anatomical structure; the end effector is operated to move a rigid link so that the first jaw is pushed toward the second jaw to clamp the end effector on the anatomical structure; the end effector is operated to push a plurality of staples from the staple magazine to staple the anatomical structure; the knife is actuated to cut the anatomical structure; and hemostasis of the anatomical structure is achieved by applying energy to the active electrode so that it passes through the anatomical structure and reaches the return electrode.

[0007] An embodiment includes a surgical instrument for stapling, resecting and sealing an anatomical structure of a patient, the surgical instrument including an end effector, the end effector comprising: a first jaw having a first end, a second end, a longitudinal axis and an anvil, the anvil having an anvil surface positionable on a first side of the anatomical structure; a second jaw having a first end, a second end, a longitudinal axis and a staple magazine, the staple magazine being operably configured to accommodate a plurality of staples, the staple magazine having a staple magazine surface positionable on a second side of the anatomical structure; a first coupling coupling the first end of the first jaw to the first end of the second jaw; and a second coupling movably coupling the second end of the first jaw to the second end of the second jaw, wherein the second coupling includes a rigid link connected to the first jaw and the second jaw; an elongated tube having a proximal end and a distal end, wherein the distal end is coupled to the end effector; a handle having a proximal end and a distal end, wherein the distal end of the handle is coupled to the proximal end of the elongated tube; and a drive assembly including a motor for actuating the end effector. In some embodiments, the end effector includes first and second electrodes in communication with an electrosurgical power source (eg, a bipolar energy source) The first and second electrodes are used together to ablate, coagulate, cauterize, seal, or otherwise treat biological tissue during a surgical procedure.

[0008] An embodiment includes a method for stapling, resecting, and sealing an anatomical structure of a patient during minimally invasive surgery, the anatomical structure having a first side and a second side, the method comprising the steps of providing an end effector, the end effector comprising: an anvil having a first end, a second end, an anvil face, a length, and a width, wherein the length of the anvil is at least ten times the width of the anvil; a staple cartridge having a first end, a second end, a staple cartridge face, a length, and a width, wherein the length of the staple cartridge is at least ten times the width of the anvil, the staple cartridge holding a plurality of staples, wherein the first end of the anvil is coupled to the first end of the staple cartridge, and the second end of the anvil is movably coupled to the second end of the staple cartridge ; and a rigid link having a distal portion and a proximal portion, wherein the rigid link movably couples the second end of the anvil to the second end of the staple magazine; inserting an end effector through a trocar to enter the anatomical structure; positioning the staple magazine face on a first side of the anatomical structure; positioning the anvil face on a second side of the anatomical structure; operating the end effector to move the rigid link so that the anvil is pushed toward the staple magazine to clamp the end effector on the anatomical structure; operating the end effector to push a plurality of staples from the staple magazine to staple the anatomical structure; actuating the knife to cut the anatomical structure; and during actuation of the electrode, applying energy to the anatomical structure through an electrode positioned on one side of the knife.

[0009] An embodiment includes a method for stapling, resecting and sealing an anatomical structure of a patient during minimally invasive surgery, the anatomical structure having a first side and a second side, the method comprising the following steps: providing an end effector, the end effector comprising: an anvil comprising a first end, a second end and an anvil surface; a staple magazine holding a plurality of staples, the staple magazine having a first end, a second end and a staple magazine surface, the staple magazine surface comprising a channel extending from the first end of the staple magazine to the second end of the staple magazine, wherein the first end of the staple magazine is pivotally coupled to the first end of the anvil; a blade having a cutting surface, first and second electrodes coupled to only one side of the blade, and at least one slender arm, wherein the at least one slender arm is slidably engaged with the channel; inserting the end effector through a cannula needle to enter the anatomical structure; positioning the staple magazine surface on the first side of the anatomical structure; positioning the anvil surface on the second side of the anatomical structure; clamping the end effector on the anatomical structure; operating the end effector to push a plurality of staples from the staple magazine to staple the anatomical structure; actuating the blade to cut the anatomical structure; applying bipolar energy to the anatomical structure via a circuit comprising the first and second electrodes.

[0010] Embodiments include a method for stapling, resecting, and sealing an anatomical structure of a patient during minimally invasive surgery, the anatomical structure having a first side and a second side, the method comprising the steps of: providing an end effector, the end effector comprising: an anvil comprising a first end, a second end, and an anvil surface; a staple cartridge holding a plurality of staples, the staple cartridge having a first end, a second end, and a staple cartridge surface, the staple cartridge surface comprising a channel extending from the first end of the staple cartridge to the second end of the staple cartridge, wherein the first end of the staple cartridge is pivotally coupled to the first end of the anvil; and a blade having a cutting surface coupled to the first side of the blade. first and second electrodes and third and fourth electrodes coupled to a second side of the blade, and at least one elongated arm, wherein the at least one elongated arm is slidably engaged with the channel; inserting an end effector through a trocar to access an anatomical structure; positioning a staple cartridge face on a first side of the anatomical structure; positioning an anvil face on a second side of the anatomical structure; clamping the end effector on the anatomical structure; operating the end effector to push a plurality of staples from the staple cartridge to staple the anatomical structure; actuating the blade to cut the anatomical structure; applying bipolar energy to the anatomical structure via a circuit including the first, second, third, and fourth electrodes.

[0011] An embodiment includes a method for stapling, resecting and sealing an anatomical structure of a patient during minimally invasive surgery, the anatomical structure having a first side and a second side, the method comprising the following steps: providing an end effector, the end effector comprising: an anvil having a first end, a second end and an anvil surface; a staple magazine holding a plurality of staples, the staple magazine having a first end, a second end and a staple magazine surface, the staple magazine surface comprising a channel extending from the first end of the staple magazine to the second end of the staple magazine, wherein the first end of the staple magazine is pivotally coupled to the first end of the anvil; a blade having a cutting surface, at least one resistive heating element coupled to the blade and at least one slender arm, wherein the at least one slender arm is slidably engaged with the channel; inserting the end effector through a cannula needle to enter the anatomical structure; positioning the staple magazine surface on the first side of the anatomical structure; positioning the anvil surface on the second side of the anatomical structure; clamping the end effector on the anatomical structure; operating the end effector to push a plurality of staples from the staple magazine to staple the anatomical structure; actuating the blade to cut the anatomical structure; applying energy to the anatomical structure via a circuit including at least one resistive heating element to heat the anatomical structure.

[0012] An embodiment includes a method for stapling, resecting and sealing an anatomical structure of a patient during minimally invasive surgery, the anatomical structure having a first side and a second side, the method comprising the following steps: providing an end effector, the end effector comprising: an anvil having a first end, a second end and an anvil surface; a staple magazine holding a plurality of staples, the staple magazine having a first end, a second end and a staple magazine surface, the staple magazine surface comprising a channel extending from the first end of the staple magazine to the second end of the staple magazine, wherein the first end of the staple magazine is pivotally coupled to the first end of the anvil; a blade having a cutting surface, an electrode coupled to the blade and at least one slender arm, wherein the at least one slender arm is slidably engaged with the channel; inserting the end effector through a cannula needle to enter the anatomical structure; positioning the staple magazine surface on the first side of the anatomical structure; positioning the anvil surface on the second side of the anatomical structure; clamping the end effector on the anatomical structure; operating the end effector to push a plurality of staples from the staple magazine to staple the anatomical structure; actuating the blade to cut the anatomical structure; applying monopolar energy to the anatomical structure via a return electrode including an electrode and attached to the patient.

[0013] Embodiments include a surgical instrument for stapling, resecting, and sealing an anatomical structure of a patient, the surgical instrument comprising: an end effector, the end effector comprising: an anvil comprising a first end, a second end, and an anvil surface positionable on a first side of the anatomical structure; a staple cartridge operably configured to accommodate a plurality of staples, the staple cartridge comprising a first end, a second end, and a staple cartridge surface positionable on a second side of the anatomical structure, the staple cartridge surface comprising a channel extending from the first end of the staple cartridge to the second end of the staple cartridge, wherein the first end of the staple cartridge is pivotally coupled to the first end of the anvil; and a blade having a cutting surface and at least an elongated arm, wherein at least one of the elongated arms is slidably engaged with the channel; an active electrode coupled to a first side of a blade and a return electrode coupled to the first side of the blade proximate the active electrode; an elongated tube having a proximal end and a distal end, wherein the distal end is coupled to an end effector; a handle having a proximal end and a distal end, wherein the distal end of the handle is coupled to the proximal end of the elongated tube; a drive assembly having a motor for actuating the end effector; and a circuit extending through the elongated tube to the active electrode and the return electrode, wherein the circuit connects the active electrode and the passive electrode to an electrosurgical energy source, such as a bipolar energy source.

[0014] Embodiments include a method for stapleing an anatomical structure of a patient during minimally invasive surgery, the anatomical structure having a first side and a second side, the method comprising the steps of: providing an end effector, the end effector comprising: a first jaw having a first end, a second end, an anvil having an anvil surface, and a first channel; a second jaw having a first end, a second end, a staple cartridge having a staple cartridge surface, and a second channel; a first coupling coupling the first end of the first jaw to the first end of the second jaw; a second coupling movably coupling the second end of the first jaw to the second end of the second jaw, wherein the second coupling comprises a rigid link; and an L-shaped blade comprising a blade portion having a cutting edge, a first side and a second side, at least one upper arm, and coupled to the L-shaped blade. a first electrode on a first side of a blade and a second electrode coupled to the first side of the blade, wherein at least one upper arm is slidably positioned in a first channel, and at least one lower arm, wherein at least one lower arm is slidably positioned in a second channel; inserting an end effector through a trocar to access an anatomical structure; positioning a staple cartridge face on a first side of the anatomical structure; positioning an anvil face on a second side of the anatomical structure; operating the end effector to move a rigid link so that the anvil is pushed toward the staple cartridge to clamp the end effector to the anatomical structure; operating the end effector to push a plurality of staples from the staple cartridge to staple the anatomical structure; actuating the L-shaped blade to cut the anatomical structure, and activating an electrosurgical circuit to seal the anatomical structure at an incision using the first and second electrodes.

[0015] Embodiments include a surgical instrument for stapling, resecting, and sealing anatomic structures of a patient, the surgical instrument comprising an end effector, the end effector comprising: a first jaw having a first end, a second end, an anvil having an anvil surface, and a first channel; a second jaw having a first end, a second end, a staple cartridge having a staple cartridge surface, and a second channel; a first coupling coupling the first end of the first jaw to the first end of the second jaw; a second coupling movably coupling the second end of the first jaw to the second end of the second jaw, wherein the second coupling comprises a rigid link; and an L-shaped blade comprising a blade portion having a cutting edge, a first side, a second side, at least one upper side arm, a second side arm coupled to the blade, a first electrode on one side and a second electrode coupled to the first side of the blade, wherein at least one upper arm is slidably positioned in the first channel, and at least one lower arm, wherein at least one lower arm is slidably positioned in the second channel; and an elongated tube having a proximal end and a distal end, wherein the distal end is coupled to the end effector; a handle having a proximal end and a distal end, wherein the distal end of the handle is coupled to the proximal end of the elongated tube, wherein the handle defines a cavity and a bobbin is positioned inside the cavity; a circuit connecting the first and second electrodes to a source of electrosurgical energy, and a drive assembly having a motor for actuating the end effector, and wherein at least a portion of the circuit is wound around the bobbin during actuation of the end effector. An embodiment includes a surgical instrument used by a surgeon to staple and achieve hemostasis on an anatomical structure of a patient during minimally invasive surgery, the end effector comprising an anvil including a first end, a second end, and an anvil surface positionable on a first side of the anatomical structure, a staple magazine operably configured to accommodate a plurality of staples, the staple magazine including a first end, a second end, and a staple magazine surface positionable on a second side of the anatomical structure, the staple magazine surface defining a channel extending from the first end of the staple magazine to the second end of the staple magazine, wherein the first end of the staple magazine is pivotally coupled to the first end of the anvil; a blade assembly comprising a blade, a beam, and a nut, the blade including a first side and a second side connected at a cutting edge, wherein at least a portion of the blade assembly is slidably engaged with the channel; and first and second electrodes coupled to the first side of the blade. The surgical instrument includes a slender tube having a proximal end and a distal end, wherein the distal end is coupled to an end effector; a handle having a proximal end and a distal end, wherein the distal end of the handle is coupled to the proximal end of the slender tube; a drive assembly including a motor for actuating the end effector; and an electrosurgical power source electrically connected to the first and second electrodes.

[0016] Embodiments include an end effector for suturing and resecting an anatomical structure of a patient during minimally invasive surgery by a surgeon, the anatomical structure including a first side and a second side, the end effector including an anvil, the anvil including a first end, a second end, and a face positionable on the first side of the anatomical structure. The end effector further includes a staple cartridge configured to accommodate a plurality of staples and including a first end, a second end, and a face positionable on the second side of the anatomical structure, and a blade assembly including a first side, a second side, and a cutting edge. The end effector further includes first and second electrodes coupled to the first side of the blade assembly, and a recess defined by the anvil, the recess accommodating a first portion of the blade assembly. The end effector further includes a first slot defined by the anvil, which opens toward the anvil face and the recess, and is configured to slidably accommodate a second portion of the blade assembly during cutting of the anatomical structure with the cutting edge, and a second slot defined by the staple cartridge, which opens toward the staple cartridge face, and is configured to slidably accommodate a third portion of the blade assembly during cutting of the anatomical structure with the cutting edge. A second end of the anvil is movably coupled to a second end of the staple cartridge, each of the anvil and the staple cartridge being insertable through a trocar, and an end effector being remotely operable from outside the patient such that at least a portion of one of the anvil and the staple cartridge moves toward the other to clamp the end effector to the anatomical structure.

[0017] In yet a further embodiment, a method of anastomosing and sealing an anatomical structure of a patient during minimally invasive surgery is disclosed, wherein the anatomical structure has a first side and a second side. The method may include the steps of providing a stapler having an end effector having a plurality of electrodes positioned proximate a cutting edge; a first jaw having a first end, a second end, and an anvil having an anvil surface; a second jaw having a first end, a second end, and a staple magazine containing a plurality of staples, the staple magazine having a staple magazine surface; a first coupling coupling the first jaw to the second jaw; and a second coupling movably coupling the second end of the first jaw to the second end of the second jaw, wherein the second coupling includes a link movably coupled to the first jaw and the second jaw; inserting the end effector through a trocar to access an anatomical structure; positioning the staple magazine surface on a first side of the anatomical structure; positioning the anvil surface on a second side of the anatomical structure; remotely operating the stapler from outside the patient to move the link so that at least a portion of one of the anvil or the staple magazine moves toward the other to clamp the end effector on the anatomical structure; and firing the stapler and activating the electrodes to simultaneously staple, cut, and seal the anatomical structure.

[0018] In another embodiment, a method of anastomosing an anatomical structure of a patient during minimally invasive surgery is disclosed, wherein the anatomical structure has a first side and a second side. The method includes the following steps: providing an anvil comprising a first end, a second end and a face; positioning the anvil face on a first side of an anatomical structure; providing a staple magazine for accommodating a plurality of staples, the staple magazine comprising a first end, a second end and a face, the face comprising a channel extending from the second end to the first end, wherein the second end of the anvil is movably coupled to the second end of the staple magazine; positioning the staple magazine face on the second side of the anatomical structure; providing a blade having a cutting surface and an elongated arm, the elongated arm extending at least from the blade positionable near the second end of the staple magazine to the first end of the staple magazine, the arm slidably engaging with the staple magazine channel; providing an active electrode and a passive electrode positioned on one side of the blade; providing a rigid link movably coupling the first end of the anvil to the first end of the staple magazine; moving the rigid link to move at least a portion of one of the anvil and the staple magazine toward the other to clamp the anatomical structure between the anvil face and the staple magazine face; and pulling the blade through the anatomical structure, activating the electrode, and simultaneously cutting, stapling and sealing the anatomical structure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] The present disclosure will be more easily understood through the description of some exemplary embodiments in conjunction with the following drawings:

[0020] Figure 1 Describe the anatomy of the stomach;

[0021] Figure 2 depicts a perspective view of an electrosurgical stapling device having an end effector, an elongated tube, a handle portion, and a motor in an open position according to an exemplary embodiment;

[0022] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A partially exploded perspective view of the end effector, elongated tube, and handle portion of the electrosurgical stapling device shown;

[0023] Figure 4 yes Figure 2 A partially exploded perspective view of a motor of an electrosurgical stapling device is shown;

[0024] Figure 5A Describes the open position Figure 2 A side view of an electrosurgical stapling device;

[0025] Figure 5B Describes the closed position Figure 2 A side view of an electrosurgical stapling device;

[0026] Figure 6 Describes Figure 5A A side sectional view of the handle portion and the motor shown in FIG. 1 taken along section D-;

[0027] Figure 7 Describes Figure 5A A side view of the end effector shown in ;

[0028] Figure 8 Describes Figure 5B A side cross-sectional view of the handle portion and the motor shown in FIG. 1 taken along line EE;

[0029] Fig. 9 Describes Figure 5B A side view of the end effector shown in ;

[0030] Fig.10 is a cross-sectional side view of a blade assembly and a drive assembly for an electrosurgical stapling device according to one embodiment;

[0031] Fig.11 is a perspective view of a motor controller according to an embodiment;

[0032] Fig.12 yes Fig.11 An exploded perspective view of a motor controller is shown;

[0033] Fig.13 An exemplary beam having first and second electrodes positioned at a distal end according to an embodiment is described;

[0034] Figures 14 to 16 Blade assemblies according to various embodiments are described;

[0035] FIG. 17A to FIG. 17B A non-limiting exemplary embodiment of electrically coupling an electrode to a source of electrosurgical energy and maintaining such coupling during operation is schematically depicted;

[0036] FIG. 18A to FIG. 18B Another non-limiting exemplary embodiment of electrically coupling an electrode to a source of electrosurgical energy and maintaining such coupling during operation is schematically depicted;

[0037] Fig.19 Another non-limiting exemplary embodiment of electrically coupling an electrode to a source of electrosurgical energy and maintaining such coupling during operation is schematically depicted;

[0038] Fig. 20 Another non-limiting exemplary embodiment of electrically coupling an electrode to a source of electrosurgical energy and maintaining such coupling during operation is schematically depicted;

[0039] Fig.21 Another non-limiting exemplary embodiment of electrically coupling an electrode to a source of electrosurgical energy and maintaining such coupling during operation is schematically depicted;

[0040] Fig. 22Another non-limiting exemplary embodiment of electrically coupling an electrode to a source of electrosurgical energy and maintaining such coupling during operation is schematically depicted;

[0041] FIG. 23A to FIG. 23B A non-limiting exemplary embodiment of electrically coupling an electrode to a source of electrosurgical energy and maintaining such coupling during operation is schematically depicted;

[0042] FIG. 24A to FIG. 24B Another non-limiting exemplary embodiment of electrically coupling an electrode to a source of electrosurgical energy and maintaining such coupling during operation is schematically depicted;

[0043] Fig.25 A nut having electrical contacts according to an exemplary embodiment is described;

[0044] Fig.26 Another nut having electrical contacts according to another exemplary embodiment is described;

[0045] Fig. 27 is a cross-sectional side view of a handle assembly of an exemplary electrosurgical stapling device;

[0046] Fig.28 yes Fig. 27 An enlarged view of an exemplary spool shown in;

[0047] Fig.29 yes Fig.28 An exploded view of the spool shown in ;

[0048] Fig.30 is a partial view of an exemplary end effector according to an exemplary embodiment;

[0049] Figure 31 to Figure 36 are exemplary blade assemblies according to various embodiments;

[0050] Fig.37 is a perspective view of an electrosurgical circular stapler according to an exemplary embodiment;

[0051] Fig.38 Describes Fig.37 An exploded perspective view of a stapling head assembly;

[0052] Fig.39 An exemplary blade member of an electrosurgical circular stapler according to an exemplary embodiment is described;

[0053] Figure 40 to Figure 41 An exemplary electrosurgical instrument with a blade is described;

[0054] Fig.42is a left side view of an electrosurgical stapling and cutting instrument with an open end effector (stenosis applying assembly), wherein the shaft is partially cut away to expose a proximal firing rod and a firing member of a distal firing rod, the firing members being guided by a frame ground and surrounded by a closing sleeve;

[0055] Fig.43 yes Fig.42 A left side view of a closed end effector (anastomosis applying assembly) of a surgical stapling and cutting instrument shown, the end effector having a retraction force adjustable height firing rod consistent with the present invention, the view being a longitudinal vertical cross-sectional view thereof taken along section F--F; and

[0056] Fig.44 yes Fig.43 Left isometric view of the launch rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0057] Various non-limiting embodiments of the present disclosure will now be described to provide an overall understanding of the structure, function and principle of use of the devices, systems, methods and processes disclosed herein. One or more examples of these non-limiting embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings. It will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that the systems and methods specifically described herein and shown in the accompanying drawings are non-limiting embodiments. Features shown or described in conjunction with one non-limiting embodiment can be combined with features of other non-limiting embodiments. Such modifications and variations are intended to be included within the scope of the present disclosure. References to "various embodiments", "some embodiments", "one embodiment", "some exemplary embodiments" or "an exemplary implementation" throughout the specification mean that specific features, structures or characteristics described in conjunction with any embodiment are included in at least one embodiment. Therefore, the phrases "in various embodiments", "in certain embodiments", "in one embodiment", "some exemplary embodiments", "an exemplary embodiment" or "in an embodiment" appearing throughout the specification do not necessarily all refer to the same embodiment. In addition, specific features, structures or characteristics may be combined in one or more embodiments in any suitable manner. Exemplary embodiments of devices, systems and methods for surgical instruments and tools (such as electrosurgical staplers) are described herein. In one exemplary embodiment, an end effector and / or an endocutor stapler (collectively referred to herein as a "device") is disclosed for forming a resection line during the resection of an organ, tissue, or other anatomical structure. In some embodiments, these devices can be used during minimally invasive surgery. This application is related to U.S. Patent No. 9,936,953, the entire contents of which are hereby incorporated by reference.

[0058] Electrosurgical instruments described herein, including but not limited to electrosurgical staplers, may involve the application of electrical and / or electromagnetic energy to cut, dissect, ablate, coagulate, cauterize, seal, or otherwise treat biological tissue during a surgical procedure. Electrosurgery is typically performed using an electrosurgical generator and a handle, the electrosurgical generator being operable to output energy, the handle comprising an end effector adapted to transmit energy to a tissue site during an electrosurgical procedure. An embodiment of the device may be a bipolar instrument having two electrodes of opposite polarity positioned adjacent to each other for applying an electric current between their surfaces. Bipolar electrosurgical current travels from one electrode (sometimes referred to as an active electrode) through intervening tissue to another electrode (sometimes referred to as a return electrode) to complete the circuit.

[0059] An electrosurgical stapler according to an embodiment described herein may include a handle, an actuator, and an end effector including a clamping mechanism. The clamping mechanism may include a stapler and an anvil. During operation, a surgeon may clamp two components (e.g., anvil and stapler) on an organ and compress the organ therebetween. Once the organ is compressed, the surgeon may use a stapler to drive or launch staples through the organ. In one embodiment, a plurality of B-type staples may be formed by the desired compression and alignment of the clamping mechanism. In some embodiments, the stapler may use multiple stapler cartridges for multiple launches, or in an alternative embodiment, a single stapler cartridge may be used with a single launch to complete the removal of the organ. Reducing the number of launches and the number of stapler cartridges required may be advantageous because the cost of surgery may increase with the use of stapler cartridges and the longer surgical procedures associated with multiple stapler launches. It may also be advantageous to provide a single stapler cartridge anastomosis and / or removal of an organ to reduce the time the patient is in surgery, which may improve clinical outcomes. For example, in sleeve gastrectomy, the use of a single stapler cartridge and a single stapler shot to remove a portion of the stomach may improve patient outcomes and reduce complications associated with such surgery.

[0060] When such a staple configuration is required, the integrity of the staple line depends in part on the correct formation of the B-type staples. Providing a single staple cartridge and a single shot stapler device can improve the quality of staple formation compared to devices or systems that use multiple staple cartridges to complete the same procedure. For example, when the end effector is used multiple times to staple and resect tissue, previously deployed staples may be contacted by new staples and / or cutting knives in subsequent applications. Providing a single staple cartridge and a single staple shot can help ensure that the staple line and staple shape are consistent.

[0061] Relative to the equipment and system that need to use multiple nail magazines, a single nail magazine and a single-shot anastomosis device can also provide compression benefits. It may be advantageous to provide a single-shot anastomosis device that provides the required compression along the length of the tissue to be excised, while also providing a single anastomosis line with correctly formed anastomosis staples. B-type nails are standard care for surgical tissue fastening devices in gastrointestinal tract, blood vessels, lungs and liver applications. On each side of the organ, each alignment of the X, Y and Z axes of the clamping mechanism with itself (e.g., anvil is aligned with the nail magazine) can improve the delivery and formation of anastomosis staples. It should be understood that any suitable structure or mechanism can be incorporated into the anastomosis device described herein to provide such alignment.

[0062] Embodiments of electrosurgical stapling devices may include an anvil and a staple cartridge, wherein the staple cartridge may include a recess for holding a plurality of staples. These staples may be held above one or more staple drivers, which may push each of a plurality of staples upward through tissue into the face of the anvil during operation. The anvil (which may include a recess with any appropriate size, quantity, and size) may cooperate with the staple cartridge driver to form, for example, a B-type in the tissue. In one embodiment, the recess size of the anvil may be configured to provide a desired closed staple height, which may be determined by the gap between the anvil and the staple cartridge, the depth of the recess, and the height of the staples, and / or the staple driver and driver mechanism.

[0063] Embodiments of electrosurgical stapling devices may include electrodes positioned near the cutting edge of a blade assembly. In some embodiments, the electrode is positioned only on a single side of the blade assembly. Such an electrode may be configured and positioned so that it is in direct contact with tissue that has been cut by the cutting edge. One of the electrodes may be an active electrode that delivers energy through tissue to another electrode that may be a return electrode. This energy delivery may achieve hemostasis by heating tissue and blood vessels to cauterize, coagulate / dry, and / or seal tissue.

[0064] According to the laparoscopic method, the embodiment of the electrosurgical stapling device described herein may include an end effector of the stapler inserted through a trocar to perform a surgical operation. For example, minimally invasive surgery may include laparoscopic vertical sleeve gastrectomy. Due to the limited spatial environment of such surgery, the electrosurgical stapling device according to the embodiment described herein may have a relatively low profile. Minimally invasive devices in the prior art are typically long (e.g., 35 mm to 60 mm) and thin (e.g., 5 mm to 15 mm diameter) devices. This long and thin configuration may be necessary in order to enter the body cavity through a trocar. Limited size may cause mechanical problems because the formation of type B staples generally requires a pressure of about 100 psi. Under these pressures, small, less rigid staplers may be deformed, thereby preventing the correct type B staples from being formed.

[0065] Prior art devices used in minimally invasive surgery usually have a fixed hinge at the proximal end. The hinge allows the anvil and the staple cartridge to separate into a V-shaped configuration. Once separated, the surgeon can place the opened anvil and the staple cartridge around the organ, and then fold the V onto the organ. However, when the length of the anvil and the staple cartridge increases, it may be more difficult to maintain the alignment between the anvil and the staple cartridge across the length of the tissue. The poor alignment of this design may be aggravated because the farthest end of this device may deflect due to the force required for compressing the tissue. Due to this deflection, the length of the current V-shaped stapler for minimally invasive surgery is limited. Due to this limitation, the length of the anvil and the staple cartridge is also limited accordingly. For larger organs (such as the stomach), this limitation in length requires multiple staple reloading and firing to complete operations such as sleeve gastrectomy. Each reloading may require the surgeon to extract the stapler from the trocar, reload the staple cartridge, reinsert it, and then reposition the stapler on the organ. Such systems may require more surgical time, may be more costly, may increase the likelihood of adverse patient events, and may result in anastomotic lines with lower integrity.

[0066] The examples discussed herein are merely examples and are intended to help explain the devices, equipment, systems, and methods described herein. Unless specifically specified as mandatory, the features or components shown in the drawings or discussed below should not be considered as mandatory features or components of any specific implementation of these devices, devices, systems, or methods. For ease of reading and clarity, some components, modules, or methods may be described only in conjunction with specific drawings. Any combination or sub-combination that fails to specifically describe the components should not be understood as any combination or sub-combination of the surface being impossible. Moreover, for any method described, whether or not the method is described in conjunction with a flowchart, it should be understood that, unless otherwise specified or required by the context, any explicit or implicit order of the steps performed during the execution of the method does not mean that the steps must be performed in the order presented, but can instead be performed in a different order or in parallel.

[0067] The exemplary embodiments described herein may be used, for example, for sleeve gastrectomy or gastrectomy. However, it is understood that these devices may be used for other surgeries involving other anatomical structures. For example, these devices may be used for parenchymal resection, lung volume reduction surgery, or other surgeries involving the lungs. In addition, the embodiments described herein may be used for anatomical resections, such as lobectomies, non-anatomical parenchymal resections, or other surgeries involving the liver, or for partial nephrectomies, total nephrectomies, or other surgeries involving the kidneys.

[0068] Now refer to Figure 1, showing the anatomy of a stomach 10 and an exemplary resection line 12 for a vertical sleeve gastrectomy. The stomach 10 generally includes a lower end 14, an upper end 16, an anterior side 18, and a posterior side 20. The gastroesophageal junction 22 leads to the stomach 10, and it is a common landmark in bariatric surgery. The fundus 24 and the portion of the stomach 10 defined by the greater curvature 26 are typically the portions of the stomach 10 that are removed during a vertical sleeve gastrectomy. The remaining bag or sleeve may typically be defined by the lesser curvature 28 and the resection line 12, which presents a stomach with a significantly reduced volume. The desired location of the resection line 12 may be approximately 0.5 cm to 2 cm from the gastroesophageal junction 22, and approximately 2 cm to 10 cm from the pylorus 30. According to the embodiments described herein, an endo-stomach stapling device may be used to form a high-quality, consistent resection line in a vertical sleeve gastrectomy. Embodiments of these devices may be advantageous because they may be easily positioned laparoscopically, may accommodate varying thicknesses of tissue along the length of the resection line, may provide uniform compressive pressure on the tissue along the resection line, and may achieve lower staple firing forces. Embodiments of these devices may utilize electrical energy to cut, separate, ablate, coagulate, cauterize, seal, or otherwise treat a resection line during a surgical procedure.

[0069] Figure 2 1 is a perspective view of an exemplary electrosurgical stapling device 100 according to an embodiment. The electrosurgical stapling device 100 may include an end cutter 108 and a motor assembly 115. The electrosurgical stapling device 100 includes an end effector 121, a support tube 140, and a handle portion 123, the end effector 121 including an anvil assembly 101 and a staple cartridge assembly 103. The anvil assembly 101 may be used as a first jaw of the end effector 121, and the staple cartridge assembly may be used as a second jaw of the end effector 121. The end effector 121 may be connected to the handle portion 123 via the support tube 140. The handle portion 123 may include a handle 111 and a trigger 104 for actuating the electrosurgical stapling device 100.

[0070] The handle portion 123 may include a mode button 124 for switching between operating modes. For example, in a first mode, the trigger 104 may be pressed upward to open the jaws (e.g., anvil and staple cartridge) or pressed downward to close the jaws. When the jaws are in a closed position, the mode button 124 may be pressed to convert the electrosurgical stapling device 100 to a firing mode. When in the firing mode, pressing the trigger 104 may fire the electrosurgical stapling device 100 to form a staple line consisting of one or more rows of staples while cutting tissue. In one embodiment, pressing the trigger 104 in the firing mode may deploy a staple line comprising six rows of staples, wherein a knife (not shown) may simultaneously cut tissue between the third and fourth rows of staples. Immediately after the cutting, the electrosurgical stapling device 100 may be electrically connected to the electrosurgical stapling device 100 via an electrode 170 ( Figure 3) applies electrical energy to tissue, as will be described in more detail below.

[0071] Figure 3 An electrosurgical stapling device according to at least one embodiment is described. Figure 2 ) is an exploded perspective view of the anvil assembly 101. The anvil assembly 101 may include an anvil frame 102 and an anvil plate 112. The anvil plate 112 may be welded to the anvil frame 102, or otherwise attached, such as by gluing, brazing, sintering, machining, 3D printing, etc. The staple cartridge 110 containing a plurality of staples may be attached to the staple cartridge frame 116 by a first staple cartridge pin 141 at a first end and a second staple cartridge pin 118 at a second end, or alternatively, the staple cartridge 110 may be attached to the staple cartridge frame 116 via snap fit, gluing, or other attachment methods.

[0072] exist Figure 3 In the illustrated embodiment, the staple cartridge frame 116 can be inserted into the support tube 140 at its proximal end to align and connect the end effector 121 of the end cutter 108 to the handle portion 123. The blade assembly can include a knife or blade 107, which can be coupled to the rotating member 180 via a nut 109, a bushing or other suitable connector. For example, the electrode 170 can be positioned only on one side of the knife, which can achieve hemostasis by heating tissue and blood vessels to cauterize, coagulate / dry and / or seal tissue when the electrosurgical stapling device 100 is fired. The electrode 170 can be electrically connected to the electrosurgical power source via a circuit (not shown).

[0073] The handle portion 123 may include a right handle half 120 and a left handle half 122 that can be held together in a clamshell-like manner. The right handle half 120 and the left handle half 122 may be fitted into a hole molded into the handle by, for example, ultrasonic welding, glue, screws, clamping pins or press-fit pins, or may be joined by other assembly methods. The left handle shell 150 and the right handle shell 152 may be used to provide a pleasing aesthetic appearance to the exterior of the handle portion 123 by covering the left handle half 122 and the right handle half 120.

[0074] The drive screw 154 can be used to drive the control arm 151 via the control arm nut 153. The drive screw 154 can be connected to the second drive gear coupler 145, which can engage the motor assembly 115 ( Figure 4 ). The rotating member 180 can be coupled to the motor assembly 115 via the launch drive gear 166 and the second launch drive gear 169, wherein the second launch drive gear 169 can engage the first drive gear coupler 156, which can be coupled to the motor assembly 115. In one embodiment, the second launch drive gear 169 and the first drive gear coupler 156 can be a single component or feature.

[0075] Figure 41 is a perspective view of a motor assembly 115 according to an embodiment. The first electric motor 135 and the second electric motor 137 can be disposed in the motor housing 113. In one embodiment, the first motor gear 163 can be coupled to the first drive gear coupler 156 ( Figure 3 ) coupled, and the second motor gear 165 can be coupled with the second drive gear coupler 145 ( Figure 3 ) coupling. The motor housing 113 may include a left motor housing half 127 and a right motor housing half 116. The motor housing 113 may include a buckle 117 to couple the motor assembly 115 with the handle portion 123 ( Figure 3 ) coupling. A strain relief 119 may be provided to support wiring of the motor assembly 115. A connector 125 may be provided for electrically coupling the trigger 104 ( Figure 3 ) and other electrical components.

[0076] Figure 5A 1 is a side view of an electrosurgical stapling device 100 according to an embodiment, showing an end effector 121 in an open position. The end effector 121 may include a first jaw including an anvil assembly 101 and a second jaw including a cartridge assembly 103. The end effector 121 may include a main link 106 operably coupled to a motor assembly 115.

[0077] Figure 5B is a side view of electrosurgical stapling device 100 showing end effector 121 in a closed position. In its closed position, end effector 121 may be ready for firing, which may include deploying staples, cutting, and / or applying electrosurgical energy to tissue.

[0078] Figure 6 Describes the open position (e.g. Figure 5A A cross-sectional side view of the handle portion 123 of the electrosurgical stapling device 100 in the position shown. The second drive gear coupler 145 for opening and closing the end effector 121 can be coupled to a second motor gear 165 ( Figure 4 ). The second drive gear coupler 145 can rotate the drive screw 154 to open and close the end effector 121, thereby switching the end effector 121 between the open position and the closed position, and vice versa. Figure 6, the control arm nut 153 is shown in its most distal position on the drive screw 154, such that the main link 106 is fully extended and the end effector 121 is in the open position. When the end effector 121 is in the fully open position, the control arm distal limit switch 168 can be contacted by the control arm nut 153 in the position shown to interrupt power to the second electric motor 137. The first drive gear coupler 156 can be coupled to the second motor gear 165 to deploy staples from the electrosurgical stapling device 100 while cutting tissue and sealing tissue via hemostasis.

[0079] Figure 6 Also schematically depicted is a circuit diagram extending through the support tube 140 and interfacing with the electrode 170 ( Figure 3 ) is electrically connected to the conductor 141. In the illustrated embodiment, the spool 159 is positioned within a cavity defined by the handle portion 123. The spool 159 can be configured to collect slack from the conductor 141 as the electrode 170 is pulled proximally toward the handle portion 123 during a surgical procedure. In some embodiments, a constant force spring 161 can be coupled to the spool 159 to assist in the automatic winding of the spool 159 during operation.

[0080] Figure 7 A side view of the end effector 121 of the electrosurgical stapling device 100 is depicted, shown in an open position. The master link 106 can be attached to the first end of the anvil frame 102 by a first master link pin 120, such that the master link pin 120 can pivotally and slidably engage the master link slot 105. The master link slot 105 can be a channel parallel to the longitudinal axis of the anvil assembly 101, or the master link slot 105 can be angled upward or downward relative to the longitudinal axis. A second master link pin 138 can be used to pivotally couple the master link 106 to the control arm 151.

[0081] Figure 8 A cross-sectional side view of the handle portion 123 of the electrosurgical stapling device 100 is depicted, shown in a closed position. The control arm nut 153 is shown in its proximal-most position on the drive screw 154, such that the anvil assembly 101 is closed relative to the cartridge assembly 103. In one embodiment, when the end effector 121 is closed, the control arm nut 153 can be advanced proximally until it contacts the proximal limit switch 155. When the control arm nut 153 contacts the proximal limit switch 155, it can interrupt power to the second electric motor 137. The electrosurgical stapling device 100 can be configured such that it cannot be switched to a firing mode until the control arm nut 153 engages the proximal limit switch 155 to ensure that the electrosurgical stapling device 100 is in a closed position prior to firing.

[0082] Fig. 9A side view of end effector 121 of electrosurgical stapling device 100 is depicted, shown in a closed position. Master link 106 is shown partially inserted into support tube 140 such that anvil assembly 101 and cartridge assembly 103 are in a closed position ready for firing.

[0083] Fig.10 2 is a side view of a drive assembly 260 for simultaneously stapling, cutting, and sealing tissue. The drive assembly 260 may include a blade assembly 208, which includes a blade 207 coupled to a beam 226. An electrode 270 may be positioned on one side of the blade 207 so that the electrode 270 directly contacts the tissue cut by the blade 207. The electrode 270 may be in electrical communication with a source of electrosurgical energy via a circuit 241. The beam 226 may include a nut 209, which may threadably engage a rotating member 280. The rotating member 280 may be operably coupled to a first electric motor 212 so that rotation of the rotating member 280 pushes the nut 209 proximally. During operation, activation of the first electric motor 212 may push the nut 209 proximally, causing the beam 226 and the blade assembly 208 to move in a proximal direction accordingly. When the blade assembly 208 is pushed proximally, the cutting edge 232 on the blade 207 may transect the tissue. At the same time, energy can pass through the transected tissue via the electrode 270 to heat the tissue and blood vessels, thereby cauterizing, coagulating / desiccating, and / or sealing the tissue along one side of the incision. The blade 207 can include a top portion 228 and a lower portion 230 that can compress the anvil and staple cartridge of the end effector when pushed proximally.

[0084] Still refer to Fig.10 , when the blade assembly 208 is pulled to its proximal position, the nut 209 can engage the firing completion limit switch 268. When the nut 209 engages the firing completion limit switch 268, power to the first electric motor can be interrupted. It is contemplated that the nut 209 can be attached to the blade assembly 208 or the beam 226 in any suitable manner, such as via pins, spot welding, or other attachment methods. Alternatively, the nut 209 can be integrally formed with the blade assembly 208 or the beam 226 as a unitary structure.

[0085] Fig.11 370 according to one embodiment. The motor controller 370 may include a controller housing 372 having an on / off switch 374, a display 375, and a device cable connector 376. The on / off switch 374 may provide wall power, such as 110V or 220V AC from a wall outlet, or may provide battery power to the motor controller 370. The device cable connector 376 connects multiple wires from a motor assembly of a stapling device to the motor controller 370. For example, the device cable connector 376 may provide power to a first electric motor (e.g., Figure 4The first electric motor 135 shown in FIG. 1 provides a positive voltage line and a negative voltage line to the second electric motor 137 (eg, Figure 4 The second electric motor 137 shown provides positive and negative voltage lines to a trigger (e.g., Figure 3 The trigger 104 shown in FIG. 1 provides electrical wiring to the launch completion limit switch 168 ( Figure 6 ) each provide a positive sense line and a negative sense line, provide lines in electrical communication with the active electrode and with the return electrode (e.g., electrode 170 ( Figure 3 )、Electrode 270( Fig.10 ))Electrically connected wires, and other wires for the endocutter.

[0086] Fig.12 370 is an exploded perspective view of a motor controller 370 according to an embodiment. The cover 373 may be a portion of the controller housing 372 that may house components within the controller housing 372. Fig.11 In the illustrated embodiment, wall power may enter the controller housing 372 via power inlet 378. A fan 380 may also be included to cool the interior of the controller housing 372. A pair of speakers 382 may be provided to inform the user of the status of the stapling device, e.g., jaws open, jaws closed, firing complete, ready to fire, or other useful information. The display 375 may be used to provide visual directions, data, error conditions, instrument identification, or other useful data.

[0087] The motor controller board 328 can provide power to the first electric motor 135 ( Figure 4 ) or the second electric motor 137 ( Fig.14 ) provides power. The motor controller board 328 can also control the electrosurgical energy associated with various electrodes, such as electrode 170 or electrode 270 ( Fig.10 ). The motor controller board 328 may be directed by the processor board 330 to turn on or off the first electric motor 135 or the second electric motor 137. The processor board 330 may include a processor for controlling the stapling device, such as an ARM processor or other processor. For example, the processor board 330 may include a processor for reading the limit switches 155, 168 ( Figure 6 ) and trigger 104( Figure 6 ) and can control the motor controller board 328 to, for example, open and close the jaws, trigger the system, activate the electrosurgical energy source, or perform other useful functions.

[0088] In an exemplary embodiment, an ARM processor may be used to communicate with an internal insector (e.g., Figure 1The electrosurgical stapling device 100 may communicate with the electrosurgical stapling device 100 shown in the figure. For example, the electrosurgical stapling device 100 may include an EEPROM or other storage holding device that can be encoded with a serial number during manufacturing. The memory can be used to provide information to the motor controller. For example, the processor can measure and record the amperage of the opening and closing motor during activation on the production line, the amperage of the starting motor during activation on the production line, the amperage of the opening and closing motor during clinical use, the amperage of the transmitting motor during transmission in clinical use, or other data useful to the manufacturer or operator. The data can also be relayed to the motor controller 370 and stored. Such information can also be displayed to the user during transmission through the connection of the motor controller 370 to a screen or display, which can be incorporated into the electrosurgical stapling device 100, in the motor controller 370, or the data can be transmitted to the monitor used by the laparoscopic camera in minimally invasive surgery.

[0089] In one embodiment, an electrosurgical stapling device system according to embodiments described herein may have a unique serial number or other identifier to allow an operator to record the specific serial number of the instrument used in the patient record. When the instrument is inserted into a controller (such as a motor controller 370), the controller may communicate with the memory and provide the serial number on a display of the controller. The memory may also be used to record information about the use of the instrument. For example, an event log may be recorded from the controller to the memory, which records the motor load, the number of times the instrument is opened and closed, the number of times the instrument is triggered, error codes, or other useful information to the memory for later review.

[0090] Reference Fig.13 , which shows an exemplary beam 426 according to a non-limiting embodiment of the present disclosure. The blade assembly 408 located at the distal end of the beam 426 may include a top 428, a bottom 420, and a blade 407. Similar to the previous embodiment, when pushed proximally, the top 228 and the lower portion 230 can compress the anvil and the staple cartridge of the end effector (not shown). The blade assembly 408 has a first side surface 409, and the first and second electrodes 471, 473 can be coupled to the first side surface 409. As shown, the first and second electrodes 471, 473 can be positioned adjacent to the blade 407 so that the tissue being cut is placed in almost immediate contact with the first and second electrodes 471, 473. The first and second electrodes 471, 473 can be electrically connected to an electrosurgical energy source (not shown) via a circuit 411 extending along the beam 426. In some embodiments, the circuit 411 can be coupled to the beam 426 using any suitable technology. For example, in some embodiments, the circuit 411 is placed in a groove formed in the beam 426. In other embodiments, circuit 411 may be die cast with beam 426 .

[0091] The electrosurgical energy source can provide a bipolar electrosurgical current that travels from the first electrode 471, through the intervening tissue, and to the second electrode 473 to complete the circuit. More specifically, when the blade assembly 408 is pushed proximally, the blade 407 moves along the resection line 12 ( Figure 1 ) transects the tissue, and energy can be delivered to the excised tissue at the same time. The energy can therefore heat tissue and blood vessels along the resection line 12 to cauterize, coagulate / dry, and / or seal the tissue along the resection line 12. The tissue will be separated along the resection line 12 so that the incision has a first side and a second side. When the first and second electrodes 471, 473 are coupled to one side of the blade assembly 408, only one side of the incision (e.g., the first side) will contact the first and second electrodes 471, 473 during the transecting process. In some embodiments, an additional electrode can be positioned on the other side of the blade assembly 408 so that both sides of the incision will contact a pair of electrodes. For example, the pair of electrodes 471, 473 can be coupled to one side of the blade assembly 408, as shown, and another pair of electrodes (not shown) can be placed on the opposite side of the blade assembly 408. Another pair of electrodes can also be electrically connected to an electrosurgical energy source (not shown) via a circuit 411 extending along the beam 426. In such an arrangement, both sides of the incision can contact a pair of electrodes during the transecting process. Thus, according to various embodiments, electrodes on both sides of blade assembly 408 may be used to simultaneously cauterize, coagulate / desiccate, and / or seal both sides of an incision formed by blade assembly 408 .

[0092] Although Fig.13 An exemplary arrangement of electrodes is described, but the present disclosure is not limited thereto. In fact, various different electrode layouts, as well as different electrode shapes, configurations and placement positions, and the total number of electrodes may be used without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. Figure 14 to Figure 15 Each describes an exemplary electrode layout according to various embodiments. Figure 14 to Figure 15 While the electrodes are described as being positioned on a first side of the blade assembly for purposes of illustration, it should be appreciated that the electrodes may additionally or alternatively be placed on a second side of the blade assembly without departing from the scope of the present disclosure.

[0093] First refer to Fig.14, which depicts a blade assembly 508 coupled to a beam 526. The first and second electrodes 571, 573 are coupled to one side of the blade assembly 508 and are in electrical communication with a source of electrosurgical energy (not shown) via a circuit 511. In this embodiment, the first and second electrodes 571, 573 are placed along the longitudinal axis of the beam 526. In one embodiment, the first electrode 571 is an active electrode and the second electrode 573 is a return electrode. In another embodiment, the first electrode 571 is a return electrode and the second electrode 573 is an active electrode. Each of the first and second electrodes 571, 573 may have a curved outer surface that may facilitate contact of the first and second electrodes 571, 573 with tissue during resection. In some embodiments, each of the first and second electrodes 571, 573 may be a truncated cylinder (as shown). In other embodiments, each of the first and second electrodes 571, 573 may be hemispherical, rectangular, or any other suitable shape.

[0094] Reference Fig.15 , which depicts a blade assembly 608 coupled to a beam 626. First and second electrodes 671, 673 are coupled to one side of the blade assembly 608 and are in electrical communication with a source of electrosurgical energy (not shown) via a circuit 611. In this embodiment, the first and second electrodes 671, 673 are positioned along an axis orthogonal to the longitudinal axis of the beam 626. In one embodiment, the first electrode 671 is an active electrode and the second electrode 673 is a return electrode. In another embodiment, the first electrode 671 is a return electrode and the second electrode 673 is an active electrode. Although the first and second electrodes 671, 673 are schematically illustrated as being generally rectangular, the electrodes may each be any of a variety of other suitable shapes.

[0095] Reference Fig.16 , which depicts a blade assembly 708 coupled to a beam 726. First and second electrodes 771, 773 are coupled to one side of the blade assembly 708 and are in electrical communication with a source of electrosurgical energy (not shown) via circuit 711. In this embodiment, the blade assembly includes a distal extension 709 that facilitates desired placement of the electrodes. For example, such a distal extension 709 may be used to accommodate larger sized electrodes, and / or to accommodate further lateral spacing between electrodes.

[0096] FIG. 17A to FIG. 17B A non-limiting embodiment is schematically described that electrically couples an electrode to an electrosurgical energy source and maintains such coupling during operation. Fig.17A , shows a blade assembly 808 coupled to a beam 826, which extends into a support tube 840, which is shown in a cross-sectional view. As shown, first and second electrodes 871, 873 can be coupled to the blade assembly 808. Fig.10Similar to the arrangement shown, nut 809 may be threadedly coupled to rotation member 880 such that rotation of rotation member 880 causes nut 809 to move longitudinally along the length of rotation member 880. The proximal end of beam 826 may be coupled to nut 809, or otherwise engaged with nut 809, such that movement of nut 809 in a proximal direction along rotation member 880 causes movement of beam 826 in the same direction.

[0097] The distal end of the beam may include a first contact 845 and a second contact 847. The first contact 845 may be in electrical contact with a first electrode 871 via a conductor 849 disposed along the beam 826. The second contact 847 may be in electrical contact with a second electrode 873 via a conductor 851 disposed along the beam 826.

[0098] A first conductive strip 841 can be positioned on the inner surface of the support tube 840. The first conductive strip 841 can be in electrical communication with a source of electrosurgical energy (e.g., a bipolar energy source 860) via a conductor 861. A second conductive strip 843 can also be positioned on the inner surface of the support tube 840. The second conductive strip 841 can be in electrical communication with a source of electrosurgical energy (e.g., a bipolar energy source 860) via a conductor 863. A first contact 845 can physically contact the first conductive strip 841 and maintain such contact as the first contact 845 translates relative to the first conductive strip 841. A second contact 847 can physically contact the second conductive strip 843 and maintain such contact as the second contact 847 translates relative to the second conductive strip 843. Each of the contacts 845, 847 can include a brush, a leaf spring, or other suitable connector to allow current to be delivered between the contact and the corresponding conductive strip as the beam 826 translates relative to the support tube 840.

[0099] Fig. 17B Schematically depicting the delivery of energy to tissue (not shown) during operation. During operation, the nut 809 is translated in the direction indicated by the arrow A by the rotation of the rotating member 880. The energy supply path can be continuously provided to the tissue being cut by the blade assembly 808. More specifically, the energy supply path is formed from the bipolar energy source 860 to the first electrode 871 via a path including the conductor 861, the first conductive strip 841, the first contact 845, and the conductor 849. The energy return path can be continuously provided to the bipolar energy source 860 from the second electrode 873 via a path including the conductor 851, the second contact 847, the second conductive strip 843, and the conductor 863. As with other embodiments described herein, the firing speed of the blade assembly 808 through the tissue can determine the duration of the energy (i.e., heat) provided to a specific tissue location.

[0100] FIG. 18A to FIG. 18B Another non-limiting embodiment is schematically described that electrically couples an electrode to an electrosurgical energy source and maintains such coupling during surgery. Fig.18A, the blade assembly 908 coupled to the beam 926 is shown extending into the support tube 940, which is shown in cross-section. As shown, the first and second electrodes 971, 973 can be coupled to the blade assembly 998. The nut 909 can be threadedly connected to the rotating member 980, so that rotation of the rotating member 980 causes the nut 909 to move longitudinally along the length of the rotating member 980. The proximal end of the beam 926 can be coupled to the nut 909, or otherwise engaged with the nut 909, so that movement of the nut 909 in a proximal direction along the rotating member 980 causes movement of the beam 926 in the same direction.

[0101] The nut 909 may include a first contact 945 and a second contact 947. The first contact 945 may be in electrical contact with a first electrode 971 via a conductor 949 that runs from the nut 909 and then along the beam 926. The second contact 947 may be in electrical contact with a second electrode 973 via a conductor 951 that runs from the nut 909 and then along the beam 926.

[0102] and FIG. 17A to FIG. 17B Similarly, a first conductive strip 941 can be positioned on the inner surface of the support tube 940. The first conductive strip 941 can be in electrical communication with a source of electrosurgical energy (e.g., a bipolar energy source 960) via conductor 961. A second conductive strip 943 can also be positioned on the inner surface of the support tube 940. The second conductive strip 941 can be in electrical communication with a source of electrosurgical energy (e.g., a bipolar energy source 960) via conductor 963. A first contact 945 can physically contact the first conductive strip 941 and maintain such contact as the first contact 945 translates relative to the first conductive strip 941. A second contact 947 can physically contact the second conductive strip 943 and maintain such contact as the second contact 947 translates relative to the second conductive strip 943. Each of the contacts 945, 947 can include a brush, leaf spring, or other suitable connector to allow current to be delivered between the contact and the corresponding conductive strip as the nut 909 translates relative to the support tube 940.

[0103] Fig.18B Schematically depicts energy delivery to tissue (not shown) during surgery. During surgery, nut 909 is translated in the direction indicated by arrow A by rotation of rotating member 980. The energy supply path can be continuously provided to the tissue being cut by blade assembly 908. More specifically, an energy supply path is formed from bipolar energy source 960 to first electrode 971 via a path including conductor 961, first conductive strip 941, first contact 945, and conductor 949. An energy return path can be continuously provided to bipolar energy source 960 from second electrode 973 via a path including conductor 951, second contact 947, second conductive strip 943, and conductor 963.

[0104] Fig.19Schematically depicts another non-limiting embodiment that couples an electrode to an electrosurgical energy source and maintains such coupling during surgery. A blade assembly 1008 coupled to a beam 1026 is shown extending into a support tube 1040, which is shown in cross-section. As shown, first and second electrodes 1071, 1073 may be coupled to the blade assembly 1008. A nut 1009 may be threadedly coupled to a rotating member 1080 such that rotation of the rotating member 1080 causes the nut 1009 to move longitudinally along the length of the rotating member 1080. The proximal end of the beam 1026 may be coupled to the nut 1009, or otherwise engaged with the nut 1009, such that movement of the nut 1009 in a proximal direction along the rotating member 1080 causes movement of the beam 1026 in the same direction.

[0105] The distal end of the beam includes a first contact 1045 and a second contact 1047. The first contact 1045 can be in electrical contact with a first electrode 1071 via a conductor 1049 disposed along the beam 1026. The second contact 1047 can be in electrical contact with a second electrode 1073 via a conductor 1051 disposed along the beam 1026.

[0106] A first conductor 1041 in electrical communication with an electrosurgical energy source (e.g., a bipolar energy source) can be disposed within the support tube 1040 and connected to a first contact 1045. A second conductor 1043 in electrical communication with an electrosurgical energy source (e.g., a bipolar energy source) can also be disposed within the support tube 1040 and connected to a second contact 1047. The first and second conductors 1041, 1043 can be wound around a bobbin 1059, which can be similar to Figure 8 Spool 159 in.

[0107] During operation, the nut 1009 is translated in the direction indicated by the arrow A by the rotation of the rotating member 1080. The energy supply path can be continuously provided to the tissue being cut by the blade assembly 1008. More specifically, the energy supply path is formed from the bipolar energy source 1060 to the first electrode 1071 via a path including the conductor 1041, the first contact 1045, and the conductor 1049. The energy return path can be continuously provided to the bipolar energy source 1060 from the second electrode 1073 via a path including the conductor 1051, the second contact 1047, and the second conductor 1043. When the nut 1009 is translated in the direction indicated by the arrow A, the rotation of the spool 1059 can collect excess slack in the first and second conductors 1041, 1043.

[0108] Fig. 20Another non-limiting embodiment is schematically described that electrically couples an electrode to an electrosurgical energy source and maintains such coupling during operation. A blade assembly 1108 coupled to a beam 1126 is shown extending into a support tube 1140, which is shown in cross-section. As shown, first and second electrodes 1171, 1173 may be coupled to the blade assembly 1108. A nut 1109 may be threadedly connected to a rotating member 1180 such that rotation of the rotating member 1180 causes the nut 1109 to move longitudinally along the length of the rotating member 1180. The proximal end of the beam 1126 may be coupled to the nut 1109, or it may otherwise engage with the nut 1109 such that movement of the nut 1109 in a proximal direction along the rotating member 1180 causes movement of the beam 1126 in the same direction.

[0109] The distal end of the beam may include a flexible circuit connection 1145. The flexible circuit connection 1145 may be in electrical contact with a first electrode 1171 via a conductor 1149 disposed along the beam 1126. The flexible circuit connection 1145 may also be in electrical contact with a second electrode 1173 via a conductor 1151 disposed along the beam 1126.

[0110] A flexible circuit 1141 (sometimes referred to as a flexible printed circuit or flex circuit) in electrical communication with an electrosurgical energy source (e.g., a bipolar energy source 1160) can be routed into the support tube 1140 and connected to a flex circuit connection 1145. The flexible circuit 1141 can be in electrical communication with a slip ring 1159, which can be coupled to a bobbin, for example. The flexible circuit 1141 can accommodate a plurality of conductors (i.e., traces) bonded to a substrate. For example, the flexible circuit 1141 can include first and second traces, each of which is in electrical communication with the bipolar energy source 1160.

[0111] During operation, the nut 1109 is translated in the direction indicated by the arrow A by the rotation of the rotating member 1180. The energy supply path can be continuously provided to the tissue being cut by the blade assembly 1108. More specifically, the energy supply path is formed from the bipolar energy source 1160 to the first electrode 1171 via a path including the flexible circuit 1141, the flexible circuit connection 1145, and the conductor 1149. The energy return path can be continuously provided from the second electrode 1173 to the bipolar energy source 1160 via a path including the conductor 1151, the flexible circuit connection 1145, and the flexible circuit 1141.

[0112] Fig.21Schematically depicts another non-limiting embodiment that electrically couples an electrode to an electrosurgical energy source and maintains such coupling during operation. A blade assembly 1208 coupled to a beam 1226 is shown extending into a support tube 1240, which is shown in cross-section. As shown, first and second electrodes 1271, 1273 may be coupled to the blade assembly 1208. A nut 1209 may be threadedly coupled to a rotating member 1280 such that rotation of the rotating member 1280 causes the nut 1209 to move longitudinally along the length of the rotating member 1280. The proximal end of the beam 1226 may be coupled to the nut 1209, or otherwise engaged with the nut 1209, such that movement of the nut 1209 in a proximal direction along the rotating member 1280 causes movement of the beam 1226 in the same direction.

[0113] Nut 1209 may include a first contact 1245 and a second contact 1247. First contact 1245 may be in electrical contact with first electrode 1271 via conductor 1249 that runs from nut 1209 and then along beam 1226. Second contact 1247 may be in electrical contact with second electrode 1273 via conductor 1251 that runs from nut 1209 and then along beam 1226.

[0114] A first conductor 1241 in electrical communication with an electrosurgical energy source (e.g., a bipolar energy source 1260) can be routed into the support tube 1240 and connected to a first contact 1245. A second conductor 1243 in electrical communication with an electrosurgical energy source (e.g., a bipolar energy source 1260) can also be routed into the support tube 1240 and connected to a second contact 1247. The first and second conductors 1241, 1243 can be wound around a bobbin 1259, which can be, for example, similar to Figure 8 Spool 159.

[0115] During operation, the nut 1209 is translated in the direction indicated by arrow A by the rotation of the rotating member 1280. The energy supply path can be continuously provided to the tissue being cut by the blade assembly 1208. More specifically, the energy supply path is formed from the bipolar energy source 1260 to the first electrode 1271 via a path including the conductor 1241, the first contact 1245, and the conductor 1249. The energy return path can be continuously provided to the bipolar energy source 1260 from the second electrode 1273 via a path including the conductor 1251, the second contact 1247, and the second conductor 1243. When the nut 1209 is translated in the direction indicated by arrow A, the rotation of the spool 1259 can collect excess slack in the first and second conductors 1241, 1243.

[0116] Fig. 22Schematically depicts another non-limiting embodiment that electrically couples an electrode to an electrosurgical energy source and maintains such coupling during operation. A blade assembly 1308 coupled to a beam 1326 is shown extending to a support tube 1340, which is shown in cross-section. As shown, first and second electrodes 1371, 1373 may be coupled to the blade assembly 1308. Nut 1309 may be threadedly coupled to a rotating member 1380 such that rotation of the rotating member 1380 causes 1309 to move longitudinally along the length of the rotating member 1380. The proximal end of the beam 1326 may be coupled to the nut 1309, or otherwise engaged with the nut 1309, such that movement of the nut 1309 in a proximal direction along the rotating member 1380 causes movement of the beam 1326 in the same direction.

[0117] The nut 1309 may include a flexible circuit connection 1345. The flexible circuit connection 1345 may be in electrical contact with a first electrode 1371 via a conductor 1349 that is routed from the nut 1309 and then along the beam 1326. The flexible circuit connection 1345 may also be in electrical contact with a second electrode 1373 via a conductor 1351 that is routed from the nut 1309 and then along the beam 1326.

[0118] A flexible circuit 1341 (sometimes referred to as a flexible printed circuit or flex circuit) in electrical communication with an electrosurgical energy source (e.g., bipolar energy source 1360) can be routed into support tube 1340 and connected to flex circuit connection 1345. The flexible circuit 1341 can be in electrical communication with a slip ring 1359, which can be coupled to a bobbin, for example. The flexible circuit 1341 can accommodate a plurality of conductors (i.e., traces) bonded to a substrate. For example, the flexible circuit 1341 can include first and second traces, each of which is in electrical communication with a bipolar energy source 1360.

[0119] During operation, the nut 1309 is translated in the direction indicated by the arrow A by the rotation of the rotating member 1380. The energy supply path can be continuously provided to the tissue being cut by the blade assembly 1308. More specifically, the energy supply path is formed from the bipolar energy source 1360 to the first electrode 1371 via a path including the flexible circuit 1341, the flexible circuit connection 1345, and the conductor 1349. The energy return path can be continuously provided from the second electrode 1373 to the bipolar energy source 1360 via a path including the conductor 1351, the flexible circuit connection 1345, and the flexible circuit 1341.

[0120] FIG. 23A to FIG. 23BAnother non-limiting embodiment is schematically described that couples an electrode to an electrosurgical energy source and maintains such coupling during operation. A blade assembly 1408 coupled to a beam 1426 is shown extending into a support tube 1440, which is shown in cross-section. As shown, first and second electrodes 1471, 1473 may be coupled to the blade assembly 1408. Nut 1409 may be threadedly connected to a rotating member 1480 such that rotation of the rotating member 1480 causes the nut 1409 to move longitudinally along the length of the rotating member 1480. The proximal end of the beam 1426 may be coupled to the nut 1409, or it may otherwise engage with the nut 1409 such that movement of the nut 1409 in a proximal direction along the rotating member 1480 causes movement of the beam 1426 in the same direction.

[0121] A follower nut 1411 may be positioned at the distal end of the nut 1409. As shown, the follower nut 1411 may be threadedly connected to the rotating member 1480, or may be threadedly connected to a different rotating member. The follower nut 1411 may be configured to move proximally at a slower rate than the proximal movement of the nut 1409. If the follower nut 1411 is threadedly connected to the rotating member 1480, the follower nut 1411 may have a different thread pattern than the nut 1409 to achieve the rate difference. The follower nut 1411 may include one or more pins, shown as pin 1413 and pin 1415.

[0122] The distal end of the beam includes a first contact 1445 and a second contact 1447. The first contact 1445 can be in electrical contact with a first electrode 1471 via a conductor 1449 disposed along the beam 1426. The second contact 1447 can be in electrical contact with a second electrode 1473 via a conductor 1451 disposed along the beam 1426.

[0123] A first conductor 1441 in electrical communication with an electrosurgical energy source, such as a bipolar energy source 1460, may be routed into the support tube 1440, around the pin 1413, and then connected to the first contact 1445. A second conductor 1443 in electrical communication with an electrosurgical energy source, such as a bipolar energy source 1460, may also be routed into the support tube 1440, around the pin 1415, and then connected to the second contact 1447.

[0124] During operation, the energy supply path can be continuously provided to the tissue being cut by the blade assembly 1408. More specifically, the energy supply path is formed from the bipolar energy source 1460 to the first electrode 1471 via a path including the conductor 1441, the first contact 1445, and the conductor 1449. The energy return path can be continuously provided from the second electrode 1473 to the bipolar energy source 1460 via a path including the conductor 1451, the second contact 1447, and the second conductor 1443.

[0125] The nut 1409 may initially be spaced longitudinally from the follower nut 1411 by a distance D1 ( Fig.23A ). Both nuts can be longitudinally translated in the direction indicated by arrow A by the rotation of the rotating member 1480. The nut 1409 can travel a greater distance, thereby increasing the distance between the nut 1409 and the follower nut 1411 to D2 ( Fig. 23B Since conductors 1441 and 1443 surround pins 1413 and 1415, respectively, this increase in spacing during operation can help manage slack that develops in conductors 1441 and 1443 as nut 1409 translates in the direction indicated by arrow A.

[0126] FIG. 24A to FIG. 24B Schematically depicts another non-limiting embodiment that couples an electrode to an electrosurgical energy source and maintains such coupling during operation. A blade assembly 1508 coupled to a beam 1526 is shown extending to a support tube 1540, which is shown in cross-section. As shown, first and second electrodes 1571, 1573 may be coupled to the blade assembly 1508. Nut 1509 may be threadedly coupled to a rotating member 1580 such that rotation of the rotating member 1580 causes the nut 1509 to move longitudinally along the length of the rotating member 1580. The proximal end of the beam 1526 may be coupled to the nut 1509, or otherwise engaged with the nut 1509, such that movement of the nut 1509 in a proximal direction along the rotating member 1580 causes movement of the beam 1526 in the same direction.

[0127] A follower nut 1511 may be positioned distal to the nut 1509. As shown, the follower nut 1511 may be threadedly connected to the rotating member 1580, or may be threadedly connected to a different rotating member. The follower nut 1511 may be configured to move proximally at a slower rate than the proximal movement of the nut 1509. If the follower nut 1511 is threadedly connected to the rotating member, the follower nut 1511 may have a different thread pattern than the nut 1509 to achieve the rate difference. The follower nut 1511 may include one or more pins, shown as pin 1513 and pin 1515.

[0128] Nut 1509 includes a first contact 1545 and a second contact 1547. First contact 1545 can be in electrical contact with a first electrode 1571 via a conductor 1549 that runs from nut 1509 and then along beam 1526. Second contact 1547 can be in electrical contact with a second electrode 1573 via a conductor 1551 that runs from nut 1509 and then along beam 1526.

[0129] A first conductor 1541 in electrical communication with an electrosurgical energy source, such as a bipolar energy source 1560, may be routed into the support tube 1540, around the pin 1513, and then connected to the first contact 1545. A second conductor 1543 in electrical communication with an electrosurgical energy source, such as a bipolar energy source 1560, may also be routed into the support tube 1540, around the pin 1515, and then connected to the second contact 1547.

[0130] During operation, an energy supply path may be continuously provided to tissue being cut by blade assembly 1508. More specifically, an energy supply path is formed from bipolar energy source 1560 to first electrode 1571 via a path including conductor 1541, first contact 1545, and conductor 1549. An energy return path may be continuously provided from second electrode 1573 to bipolar energy source 1560 via a path including conductor 1551, second contact 1547, and second conductor 1543.

[0131] The nut 1509 may initially be spaced longitudinally from the follower nut 1511 by a distance D1 ( Fig.24A ). Both nuts can be longitudinally translated in the direction indicated by arrow A by the rotation of the rotating member 1580. The nut 1509 can travel a greater distance, thereby increasing the distance between the nut 1509 and the follower nut 1511 to D2 ( Fig. 24B Since conductors 1541 and 1543 surround pins 1513 and 1515, respectively, this increase in spacing during operation can help manage slack that develops in conductors 1541 and 1543 as nut 1509 translates along the direction indicated by arrow A.

[0132] Reference Fig.25 , shows an exemplary nut 1609 according to a non-limiting embodiment. Nut 1609 can be, for example, similar to nut 909 ( FIG. 18A to FIG. 18B ). The nut 1609 may include a thread 1611 configured to engage a rotating member. The nut 1609 may also include a first contact 1645 and a second contact 1647. Fig.25 , the first contact 1645 and the second contact 1647 are shown as leaf springs, which are configured to contact conductive strips, such as conductive strips 941 and 943 ( FIG. 18A to FIG. 18B ). The nut 1609 may also include a conductor 1649 and a conductor 1651 coupled to a circuit on the beam (not shown).

[0133] Reference Fig.26 , another exemplary nut 1709 according to a non-limiting embodiment is shown. The nut 1709 can be similar to, for example, nut 909 ( FIG. 18A to FIG. 18B). The nut 1709 may include a thread 1711 configured to engage a rotating member. The nut 1709 may also include a first contact 1745 and a second contact 1747. Fig.26 , the first contact 1745 and the second contact 1747 are shown as brushes, which are configured to contact conductive strips, such as conductive strips 941 and conductive strips 943 ( FIG. 18A to FIG. 18B ). The nut 1709 may also include a conductor 1649 and a conductor 1651 coupled to a circuit on the beam (not shown).

[0134] Reference Fig. 27 , which is a cross-sectional view of an exemplary electrosurgical stapling device 1900. The electrosurgical stapling device 1900 may be similar to the electrosurgical stapling device 100 ( Figure 1 to Figure 2 ). In this regard, the electrosurgical stapling device 1900 may include a nut 1909 that translates along the rotating member 1980 during rotation of the rotating member 1980. In the illustrated embodiment, the flexible circuit 1941 is connected to the nut 1909, for example, similar to Fig. 22 The spool assembly 1959 can be configured to accommodate the flexible circuit 1941 when the nut 1909 translates in the direction indicated by arrow A during operation.

[0135] Fig.28 An enlarged view of the spool assembly 1959 is provided, and Fig.29 An exploded view of a spool assembly 1959 is provided. The spool assembly 1959 can include a housing 1912 defining a slot 1914 through which a flexible circuit 1941 is passed and wound around a bobbin 1910. As the nut 1909 translates toward the spool assembly 1959, the bobbin 1910 can rotate about its rotational axis 1920 to collect the flexible circuit 1941. Thus, during operation, the bobbin 1910 can rotate relative to the housing 1912 to pull the flexible circuit 1941 into the spool assembly 1959.

[0136] The spool assembly 1959 may also include a slip ring assembly 1957 to deliver energy to the flexible circuit 1941. The slip ring assembly 1957 may include first and second contacts 1902, 1906 positioned on the outer surface of the bobbin 1910. The first and second contacts 1902, 1906 may be in electrical communication with the flexible circuit 1941 via any suitable connection. The first contact 1902 may be configured to maintain constant contact with the first circular electrode 1904 during rotation of the bobbin 1910. The second contact 1906 may be configured to maintain constant contact with the second circular electrode 1908 during rotation of the bobbin 1910. Each of the first and second electrodes 1904, 1908 may be in electrical communication with a bipolar energy source 1960 ( Fig.29 ).

[0137] Although certain embodiments described herein describe the use of an electrical circuit along a beam to deliver electrosurgical energy to an electrode located on a blade assembly, the present disclosure is not limited thereto. Figure 30 to Figure 31 , shows an exemplary embodiment in which a first conductive strip 2041 is positioned within anvil assembly 2001 and a second conductive strip 2043 is positioned within cartridge assembly 2003. Each of conductive strips 2041, 2043 may be in electrical communication with a suitable electrosurgical energy source (not shown). Fig.30 An exemplary blade assembly 2008 is described having first and second electrodes 2071, 2073, which are generally similar to the previous embodiments. The exemplary blade assembly 2008 also has a first pickup electrode 2045 in electrical communication with the first electrode 2071. The first pickup electrode 2045 is configured to contact a first conductive strip 2041 positioned inside the anvil assembly 2001. The exemplary blade assembly 2008 also has a second pickup electrode 2047 in electrical communication with the second electrode 2073. The second pickup electrode 2047 is configured to contact a second conductive strip 2043 positioned inside the staple cartridge assembly 2003. Thus, when the blade assembly 2008 passes through the anvil assembly 2001 and the staple cartridge assembly 2003 during operational impact, the pickup electrodes 2045, 2047 can remain in contact with the conductive strips 2041, 2043.

[0138] Fig.32 Another exemplary blade assembly 3008 is described having first and second electrodes 3071, 3073, which is generally similar to the previous embodiment. The exemplary blade assembly 3008 also has a first pickup electrode 3045 in electrical communication with the first electrode 3071. The first pickup electrode 3045 is configured to contact a first conductive strip positioned inside the anvil assembly. The exemplary blade assembly 3008 also has a second pickup electrode 3047 in electrical communication with the second electrode 3073. The second pickup electrode 3047 is configured to contact a second conductive strip positioned inside the anvil assembly. Fig.32 The configuration may allow the structural strip in the anvil assembly to be further embedded and, therefore, further away from the patient's tissue during operation.

[0139] Although many existing embodiments describe the use of electrodes, it should be understood that any suitable technology can be used to cauterize, coagulate / dry and / or seal tissue. For example, in some embodiments, one or more resistive heating elements may be coupled to the blade assembly. When powered on, the one or more resistive heating elements can directly deliver heat to the tissue along the incision. In some embodiments, one or more resistive heating elements can be placed only on a single side of the blade assembly so that heat is directed to a single side of the incision. Alternatively, one or more resistive heating elements may be placed on both sides of the blade assembly. In addition, in some embodiments, the blade assembly may include a heating assembly that includes a resistive heating element, and, for example, a heating pad or other suitable heat dissipation structure. This structure can be positioned very close to the resistive heating element and configured to directly contact the tissue. For example, the heat dissipation structure can help dissipate heat from the resistive heating element into the tissue during the transection process.

[0140] Fig.33 An exemplary blade assembly 3108 is depicted that includes an exemplary resistive heating element 3171. The exemplary blade assembly 3108 also has a heating pad 3172 that covers the resistive heating element 3171 and is configured to assist in dissipating heat generated by the resistive heating element 3171 during operation. The resistive heating element 3171 can be energized via an electrical circuit 3111 extending along the beam 3126. Although Fig.33 The resistive heating element 3171 is described as being positioned only on a first side of the blade assembly 3108, but it should be understood that other embodiments may have similar resistive heating elements positioned on the other side.

[0141] Fig.34 An exemplary blade assembly 3208 is depicted that includes another exemplary resistive heating element 3271. The resistive heating element 3271 may be energized via an electrical circuit 3211 extending along the beam 3226. Fig.34 The resistive heating element 3271 is described as being placed only on a first side of the blade assembly 3208, but it should be understood that other embodiments may also have a similar resistive heating element placed on the other side. As shown, the resistive heating element 3271 may include a curved outer surface, which helps to contact the resistive heating element 3271 with tissue during the excision process.

[0142] Fig.35 An exemplary blade assembly 3308 is depicted that includes a plurality of resistive heating elements 3371. The resistive heating elements 3371 may be energized via an electrical circuit 3311 extending along the beam 3326. Fig.35The resistive heating elements 3371 are described as being placed only on the first side of the blade assembly 3308, but it should be understood that other embodiments may also have similar resistive heating elements placed on the other side. As shown, the resistive heating elements 3371 have a curved outer surface, but the present invention is not limited to this. In the illustrated embodiment, the resistive heating elements 3371 are arranged linearly along the direction of travel of the beam 3326 with gaps therebetween. The specific spacing between adjacent resistive heating elements 3371 and the size of the resistive heating elements 3371 can be selected based on various operating parameters. For example, during operation, the spacing between adjacent resistive heating elements 3371 can help reduce the likelihood of tissue burns. In addition, in some embodiments, each resistive heating element 3371 can be configured to heat to substantially the same temperature when energized. In other embodiments, for example, the operating temperature of each of the various resistive heating elements 3371 can vary to achieve a desired temperature distribution. Finally, although Fig.35 Three resistive heating elements 3371 are shown in FIG. 3 , but it should be understood that the present disclosure is not limited to this, as some embodiments may use less than three resistive heating elements 3371 , while other embodiments may use more than three resistive heating elements 3371 .

[0143] In other embodiments, instead of using bipolar electrosurgery or resistive heating elements to cauterize and seal tissue, some surgical devices may use monopolar electrosurgery techniques to deliver energy to tissue. For example, Fig.36 An exemplary blade assembly 3408 is depicted that includes an exemplary active electrode 3471. The active electrode 3471 can be powered via a circuit 3411 extending along the beam 3426. During operation, a return electrode (not shown) can be attached to the patient so that current flows from the generator to the active electrode 3471, through the target tissue, then to the return electrode and back to the generator. Thus, the active electrode 3471 can be used to cauterize tissue along the incision by delivering energy into the tissue.

[0144] Although various embodiments are described herein using an endoscopic cutter as an example, it should be understood that the present disclosure is not limited thereto. Instead, the bipolar electrode arrangement according to the present disclosure can be incorporated into various surgical tools and systems having a cutting edge. More specifically, the electrodes according to the present disclosure can be incorporated into tools and systems near a cutting edge that can be configured to cauterize, coagulate / dry, and / or seal tissue cut by such a cutting edge.

[0145] First reference Figure 37 to Figure 39, an exemplary electrosurgical circular stapler 4000 according to the present disclosure is shown. The exemplary electrosurgical circular stapler 4000 can be used to provide an end-to-end, side-to-side, or end-to-side anastomosis between two portions of an anatomical lumen, such as a portion of a patient's digestive tract. The electrosurgical circular stapler 4000 may include a handle assembly 4100, a shaft assembly 4200, a stapling head assembly 4300, and an anvil 4400.

[0146] The electrosurgical circular stapler 4000 may also include a connection 4120 with a bipolar energy source 4060. The bipolar energy source 4060 may be configured to deliver electrosurgical energy to an electrode positioned in the stapling head assembly 4300. The stapling head assembly 4300 is located at the distal end of the shaft assembly 4200. The anvil 4400 is configured to be detachably coupled to the shaft assembly 4200 and is adjacent to the stapling head assembly 4300. The anvil 4400 and the stapling head assembly 4300 may collaborate to clamp tissue, cut tissue, staple tissue, and seal tissue. The knob 4130 at the proximal end of the handle assembly 4100 may rotate relative to the housing 4110 to provide accurate clamping of the tissue between the anvil 4400 and the stapling head assembly 4300. When the safety trigger 4140 of the handle assembly 4100 is pivoted away from the firing trigger 4150 of the handle assembly 4100, the firing trigger 4150 can be actuated to provide cutting, stapling, and sealing of tissue.

[0147] Fig.38 An exploded view of a stapling head assembly 4300 is provided. The stapling head assembly 4300 may include a body member 4310 and a slidable stapling staple driver member 4350. The body member 4310 includes a cylindrical inner core member 4312 extending distally. The body member 4310 is fixedly fastened to the outer sheath 4210 ( Fig.37 ).

[0148] like Fig.38 As shown, the stapling head assembly 4300 may further include a trocar 4330 and a circular knife member 4340 coaxially positioned within the staple driver member 4350. The knife member 4340 includes a sharp circular cutting edge 4342 presented distally. The knife member 4340 is sized so that the outer diameter defined by the knife member 4340 is smaller than the diameter defined by the inner annular array of the staple driver 4352. The knife member 4340 has a cylindrical wall 4360, and the first and second electrodes 4071, 4073 are positioned on the cylindrical wall 4360. In view of the teachings herein, other suitable structural relationships between the knife member 4340 and the staple driver member 4350 will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art.

[0149] like Fig.38As shown in the enlarged view of the middle blade member 4340, the first and second electrodes 4071, 4073 can be electrically connected to the first and second contacts 4045, 4047, respectively. For example, the flexible circuit 4041 can be electrically connected to the first and second contacts 4045, 4047 and the bipolar energy source 4059. Fig.38 The first and second electrodes 4071, 4073 are described as being rings that substantially surround the blade member 4340, but the present disclosure is not limited thereto. For example, Fig.39 Blade member 5340 is depicted having a plurality of laterally spaced electrodes 5071, 5073 positioned in an alternating manner about its outer surface 5075. For example, electrodes 5071, 5073 may be in communication with bipolar energy source 5059 via flexible circuit 5041. In this embodiment, electrode 5071 is shown as an "active" electrode and is in communication with bipolar energy source 5059 via contact 5045. Electrode 5073 is shown as a "passive" electrode and is in communication with bipolar energy source 5059 via contact 5047.

[0150] Furthermore, the systems and methods described herein can be used with a variety of different types of medical tools and instruments with blades. Figure 40 to Figure 41 Some non-limiting examples of these medical tools and instruments are schematically shown in FIG. Fig.40 , shows an electrosurgical blade 6000 in electrical communication with a bipolar energy source 6059. The electrosurgical blade 6000 may include two electrodes 6071, 6073 positioned near a cutting edge 6007 at a distal end. The electrodes 6071, 6073 may be in electrical communication with the bipolar energy source 6059 via a flexible circuit 6041 and various other suitable connection techniques. Fig.41 , shows an electrosurgical scissors 7000 in electrical communication with a bipolar energy source 6059. The electrosurgical scissors 7000 may include two electrodes 7071, 7073 located near the cutting edge 7007 of the scissors. The electrodes 7071, 7073 may be in electrical communication with the bipolar energy source 7059 via a flexible circuit 7041 as well as various other suitable connection techniques.

[0151] Figure 42 to Figure 44 An electrosurgical stapling and severing instrument according to various non-limiting embodiments is described, wherein Fig.43 shows a cross-sectional view of the end effector, and Fig.44 The firing rod is shown. Fig.42, the electrosurgical stapling and severing instrument 8010 includes a handle portion 8012 that is manipulated to position an implement portion 8014 including a fastening end effector, which is depicted as a staple applying assembly 8016 distally attached to an elongated shaft 8018. The implement portion 8014 is sized to be inserted through a cannula of a trocar (not shown) for endoscopic or laparoscopic surgery, wherein the upper jaw (anvil) 8020 and lower jaw 8022 of the staple applying assembly 8016 are closed by pressing a closing trigger 8024 toward a pistol grip 8026 of the handle portion 8012, which advances an outer closing sleeve 8028 of the elongated shaft 8018 to pivot the anvil 8020 closed.

[0152] Once inserted into the inflated body cavity or lumen, the surgeon can rotate the implement 8014 about its longitudinal axis by twisting the shaft rotation knob 8030, which is engaged on the distal end of the handle 8012 and the proximal end of the elongated shaft 8018. In this position, the closing trigger 8024 can be released, thereby opening the anvil 8020 so that tissue can be grasped and positioned. Once satisfied with the tissue retained in the staple applying assembly 8016, the surgeon presses the closing trigger 8024 until it locks against the pistol grip 8026, clamping the tissue inside the staple applying assembly 8016.

[0153] The firing trigger 8032 is then depressed and pulled toward the closing trigger 8024 and the pistol grip 8026, thereby applying a firing force or motion thereto to cause the firing member to be advanced distally from the unfired position. The firing member is depicted as including a proximal firing rod 8034 attached to a distal firing rod 8036 supported within a frame ground 8038 connecting the handle portion 8012 to the staple applying assembly 8016. During the staple firing motion, the firing rod 8036 engages the elongated staple channel 8040 and actuates the staple cartridge 8042 contained therein, both of which form the lower jaw 8022. The firing rod 8036 also engages the closed anvil 8020. After releasing the firing trigger 8032 to apply a retraction force or movement to the firing rod 8036 , depressing the closure release button 8044 releases the closure trigger 8024 so that the closure sleeve 8028 can retract to pivot and open the anvil 8020 , thereby releasing the severed and stapled tissue from the staple applying assembly 8016 .

[0154] exist Fig.43 In FIG. 8 , staple applying assembly 8016 is closed over compressed tissue 8046. Fig.43 and Fig.448016, the firing rod 8036 has a proximal portion 8048 attached to a distal E-shaped beam 8050 that translates within the staple applying assembly 8016. As the firing rod 8036 is shown retracted, the vertical portion 8052 of the E-shaped beam 8050 is substantially located behind the staple cartridge 8042 as a new staple cartridge 8042 has been inserted into the elongated staple channel 8040. An upper pin 8054 extending laterally from an upper portion of the vertical portion 8052 of the E-shaped beam 8050 is initially located within an anvil pocket 8056 that is recessed near the proximal pivot end of the anvil 8020. As the E-beam 8050 is advanced distally during the staple firing motion, the vertical portion 8052 passes through the narrow longitudinal anvil slot 8058 formed in the staple forming lower surface 8060 of the anvil 8020 , the proximal opening vertical slot 8062 formed in the staple magazine 8042 , and the lower longitudinal channel slot 8064 formed in the elongated staple channel 8040 .

[0155] The narrow longitudinal anvil slot 8058 communicates upwardly to a transversely widened longitudinal anvil channel 8066, which is sized to slidably receive the upper pin 8054. The longitudinal channel slot 8064 communicates downwardly to a transversely widened longitudinal channel track 8068, which receives a lower leg 8070 sized to slide therein and attached to the bottom of the vertical portion 8052 of the E-beam 8050. A transversely widened intermediate pin 8072 extending from the vertical portion 8052 of the E-beam 8050 is positioned to slide along the top surface of a bottom tray 8074 of the staple cartridge 8042, which in turn rests on the elongated staple channel 8040. A longitudinal firing recess 8075 formed in the staple cartridge 8042 above the bottom tray 8074 is sized to allow the intermediate pin 8072 to translate through the staple cartridge 8042.

[0156] The distal drive surface 8076 of the vertical portion 8052 of the E-shaped beam 8050 is positioned to translate through the vertical slot 8062 of the proximal opening of the staple cartridge 8042 and distally drive the wedge-shaped slide 8078 located in the staple cartridge 8042. The vertical portion 8052 of the E-shaped beam 8050 includes a cutting surface 8080 along a distal edge, which is located above the distal drive surface 8076 and below the upper pin 8054, and the cutting surface 8080 severs the clamped tissue 8046 while the staple is being stapled.

[0157] The first and second electrodes 8071, 8073 may be positioned on the E-shaped beam 8050. The first and second electrodes 8071, 8073 may be in electrical communication with the bipolar energy source 8059 via the circuit 8041 and may be activated during distal advancement of the E-shaped beam 8050 through the tissue 8046. Although the first and second electrodes 8071, 8073 are shown as being located only on a first side of the E-shaped beam 8050, the present disclosure is not limited thereto. Instead, one or more electrodes may be placed on either side of the E-shaped beam 8050 to achieve hemostasis by heating the tissue 8046 and blood vessels to cauterize, coagulate / desiccate, and / or seal the tissue 8046.

[0158] In various embodiments disclosed herein, a single component may be replaced by multiple components, and multiple components may be replaced by a single component to perform a given one or more functions. Unless such replacement does not work, such replacement is within the intended scope of the embodiments. For example, the height of the nail legs, the material of the nail, the depth of the anvil pocket, the shape of the anvil pocket, and the asymmetry of the anvil pocket can all be varied in any combination.

[0159] The above description of embodiments and examples has been presented for the purpose of illustration and description. It is not intended to be exhaustive or limiting of the forms described. In light of the above teachings, many modifications may be made. Some of these modifications have been discussed, and those skilled in the art will appreciate other modifications. The embodiments are selected and described in order to best illustrate the principles of various embodiments suitable for the intended specific use. Of course, the scope is not limited to the examples set forth herein, but may be used by those of ordinary skill in the art in any number of applications and equivalent devices. On the contrary, the scope of the present invention is intended to be limited by the appended claims.

Claims

1. An electrosurgical instrument for anastomosis, resection and sealing of an anatomical structure of a patient, the surgical instrument comprising: (a) an end effector, the end effector comprising: (i) an anvil comprising a first end, a second end, and an anvil surface positionable on a first side of the anatomical structure; (ii) a staple cartridge operably configured to receive a plurality of staples, the staple cartridge comprising a first end, a second end, and a staple cartridge face positionable on a second side of the anatomical structure, the staple cartridge face defining a channel extending from the first end of the staple cartridge to the second end of the staple cartridge, wherein the first end of the staple cartridge is pivotally coupled to the first end of the anvil; (iii) a blade assembly comprising a blade, a beam, and a nut, the blade comprising a first side and a second side joined at a cutting edge, wherein at least a portion of the blade assembly is slidably engaged with the channel; (iv) first and second electrodes coupled to a first side of the blade; (b) an elongated tube having a proximal end and a distal end, wherein the distal end is coupled to the end effector; (c) a handle having a proximal end and a distal end, wherein the distal end of the handle is coupled to the proximal end of the elongated tube; (d) a drive assembly including a motor for actuating the end effector; and (d) an electrosurgical power source in electrical communication with the first and second electrodes.

2. An electrosurgical instrument according to claim 1, wherein the blade assembly includes at least one slender arm, which pushes each of the plurality of staples from the staple cartridge as the blade is advanced from a first position at the distal end of the staple cartridge to a second position at the proximal end of the staple cartridge.

3. An electrosurgical instrument according to claim 1, wherein the blade assembly is L-shaped so that the blade assembly compresses the anvil and the staple cartridge during use.

4. The electrosurgical instrument according to claim 3 further includes a first conductive strip and a second conductive strip, wherein the anvil defines a channel and the first conductive strip is positioned in the channel defined by the anvil, and the second conductive strip is positioned in the channel defined by the nail magazine, wherein the blade assembly includes a first contact for engaging the first conductive strip and a second contact for engaging the second conductive strip, wherein the first contact is electrically connected to the first electrode and the second contact is electrically connected to the second electrode.

5. The electrosurgical instrument according to claim 4, wherein: The first electrode is in electrical communication with the electrosurgical power generation source through the first conductive strip, and the second electrode is in electrical communication with the electrosurgical power generation source through the second conductive strip.

6. The electrosurgical instrument according to claim 1, wherein: When the blade is advanced from a first position at the distal end of the staple cartridge to a second position at the proximal end of the staple cartridge, an incision having a first side and a second side is formed in the anatomical structure.

7. The electrosurgical instrument according to claim 6, wherein: The first and second electrodes contact a first side of the incision when the blade is advanced from the first position to the second position.

8. The electrosurgical instrument according to claim 1, wherein: The first and second electrodes contact the anatomical structure when the blade is advanced from a first position at the distal end of the staple cartridge to a second position at the proximal end of the staple cartridge.

9. The electrosurgical instrument of claim 1, further comprising a circuit connecting each of the first and second electrodes to the electrosurgical power source.

10. The electrosurgical instrument according to claim 9, wherein: The circuit includes a first conductive strip coupled to the inner surface of the elongated tube and a second conductive strip coupled to the inner surface of the elongated tube.

11. The electrosurgical instrument according to claim 10, wherein: The nut includes a first contact in electrical communication with the first conductive strip and a second contact in electrical communication with the second conductive strip.

12. The electrosurgical instrument of claim 11, wherein: Each of the first contact and the second contact is any one of a brush contact and a spring contact.

13. The electrosurgical instrument of claim 10, wherein: The beam includes a first contact in electrical communication with the first conductive strip and a second contact in electrical communication with the second conductive strip.

14. The electrosurgical instrument of claim 1, further comprising a spool assembly, wherein the handle defines a cavity and the spool assembly is positioned within the cavity.

15. An electrosurgical instrument according to claim 14, wherein: The circuit includes a flexible printed circuit having a proximal end and a distal end.

16. An electrosurgical instrument according to claim 15, wherein: A distal end of the flexible printed circuit is coupled to the beam.

17. An electrosurgical instrument according to claim 16, wherein: A proximal end of the flexible printed circuit is coupled to the spool assembly.

18. An electrosurgical instrument according to claim 17, wherein: The spool assembly includes a slip ring, wherein the flexible printed circuit is in electrical communication with the electrosurgical power generating source via the slip ring.

19. The electrosurgical instrument of claim 14, wherein: The circuit includes a first conductor having a proximal end and a distal end and a second conductor having a proximal end and a distal end.

20. An electrosurgical instrument according to claim 19, wherein: A distal end of each of the first conductor and the second conductor is coupled to the beam.

21. An electrosurgical instrument according to claim 20, wherein: A proximal end of each of the first conductor and the second conductor is coupled to the spool assembly.

22. An electrosurgical instrument according to claim 21, wherein: The spool assembly includes a slip ring, wherein the first conductor and the second conductor are in electrical communication with the electrosurgical power generating source via the slip ring.

23. The electrosurgical instrument of claim 1 further comprising a beam circuit extending along a length of the beam.

24. An electrosurgical instrument according to claim 23, wherein: The beam defines a longitudinal slot, and at least a portion of the beam circuit is positioned within the longitudinal slot.

25. An electrosurgical instrument according to claim 1, wherein: The first and second electrodes each have a substantially planar outer surface.

26. An electrosurgical instrument according to claim 1, wherein: The first and second electrodes each have a curved outer surface.

27. The electrosurgical instrument of claim 1, further comprising a circuit board, wherein the handle defines a cavity, and wherein the circuit board is positioned within the cavity.

28. The electrosurgical instrument of claim 27, further comprising a follower nut comprising at least one pin, wherein the circuit comprises at least one conductor, wherein a distal end of the at least one conductor is coupled to the beam, and a proximal end of the at least one conductor is coupled to the circuit board, wherein a portion of the at least one conductor between the distal end and the proximal end is wrapped around the pin.

29. The electrosurgical instrument of claim 1, further comprising third and fourth electrodes coupled to the second side of the blade, and wherein the electrosurgical power generating source is in electrical communication with the third and fourth electrodes.

30. An end effector for use by a surgeon during minimally invasive surgery to anastomose and resect an anatomical structure of a patient, the anatomical structure having a first side and a second side, the end effector comprising: an anvil comprising a first end, a second end, and a face positionable on a first side of the anatomical structure; a staple cartridge configured to receive a plurality of staples and comprising a first end, a second end, and a face positionable on a second side of the anatomical structure; a blade assembly comprising a first side, a second side, and a cutting edge; first and second electrodes coupled to a first side of the blade assembly; a recess defined by the anvil, the recess receiving a first portion of the blade assembly housing; a first slot defined by the anvil, open toward the anvil face and the recess, and configured to slidably receive a second portion of the blade assembly during cutting of the anatomical structure with the cutting edge; a second slot defined by the staple cartridge, opening toward the staple cartridge face and configured to slidably receive a third portion of the blade assembly during cutting of the anatomical structure with the cutting edge; as well as wherein the second end of the anvil is movably coupled to the second end of the nail magazine, each of the anvil and the nail magazine is insertable through a trocar, and the end effector is remotely operable from outside the patient, wherein at least a portion of one of the anvil and the nail magazine moves toward the other to clamp the end effector to the anatomical structure.

31. The end effector of claim 30, further comprising third and fourth electrodes coupled to the second side of the blade assembly.

32. An electrosurgical tool for use by a surgeon during minimally invasive surgery to anastomose and resect an anatomical structure of a patient, the anatomical structure having a first side and a second side, the surgical tool comprising: an anvil comprising a first end, a second end, and a face positionable on a first side of the anatomical structure; a staple cartridge configured to receive a plurality of staples and comprising a first end, a second end, and a face positionable on a second side of the anatomical structure; a blade assembly including a beam and a knife having a first side, a second side, and a cutting edge; first and second electrodes coupled to a first side of the blade assembly; a circuit coupled to the beam; a recess defined by the anvil, the recess receiving a first portion of the blade assembly; a first slot defined by the anvil, open toward the anvil face and the recess, and configured to slidably receive a second portion of the blade assembly during cutting of the anatomical structure with the cutting edge; a second slot defined by the staple cartridge, opening toward the staple cartridge face and configured to slidably receive a third portion of the blade assembly during cutting of the anatomical structure with the cutting edge; an electrosurgical power generation source in electrical communication with the first and second electrodes via a beam circuit; wherein the second end of the anvil is movably coupled to the second end of the nail magazine, each of the anvil and the nail magazine is inserted through a trocar, and the end effector is remotely operated from outside the patient so that at least a portion of one of the anvil and the nail magazine moves toward the other to clamp the end effector to the anatomical structure.

33. The electrosurgical tool of claim 32, further comprising third and fourth electrodes coupled to the second side of the blade assembly.

34. An electrosurgical instrument for stapling, resecting and sealing an anatomical structure of a patient, the surgical instrument comprising: (a) an end effector, the end effector comprising: (i) an anvil comprising a first end, a second end, and an anvil surface positionable on a first side of the anatomical structure; (ii) a staple cartridge operably configured to receive a plurality of staples, the staple cartridge comprising a first end, a second end, and a staple cartridge face positionable on a second side of the anatomical structure, the staple cartridge face defining a channel extending from the first end of the staple cartridge to the second end of the staple cartridge, wherein the first end of the staple cartridge is pivotally coupled to the first end of the anvil; (iii) a blade assembly comprising a blade, a beam, and a nut, the blade comprising a first side and a second side connected at a cutting edge, wherein at least a portion of the blade assembly is slidably engaged with the channel; (iv) at least one resistive heating element coupled to the first side of the blade; (b) an elongated tube having a proximal end and a distal end, wherein the distal end is coupled to the end effector; (c) a handle having a proximal end and a distal end, wherein the distal end of the handle is coupled to the proximal end of the elongated tube; (d) a drive assembly including a motor for actuating the end effector; and (d) an electrosurgical power source in electrical communication with the at least one resistive heating element.

35. The electrosurgical instrument of claim 34, further comprising at least one resistive heating element coupled to the second side of the blade.

36. An electrosurgical instrument for stapling, resecting and sealing an anatomical structure of a patient, the surgical instrument comprising: (a) an end effector, the end effector comprising: (i) an anvil comprising a first end, a second end, and an anvil surface positionable on a first side of the anatomical structure; (ii) a staple cartridge operably configured to receive a plurality of staples, the staple cartridge comprising a first end, a second end, and a staple cartridge face positionable on a second side of the anatomical structure, the staple cartridge face defining a channel extending from the first end of the staple cartridge to the second end of the staple cartridge, wherein the first end of the staple cartridge is pivotally coupled to the first end of the anvil; (iii) a blade assembly comprising a blade, a beam, and a nut, the blade comprising a first side and a second side connected at a cutting edge, wherein at least a portion of the blade assembly is slidably engaged with the channel; (iv) an electrode coupled to the first side of the blade; and (b) an elongated tube having a proximal end and a distal end, wherein the distal end is coupled to the end effector; (c) a handle having a proximal end and a distal end, wherein the distal end of the handle is coupled to the proximal end of the elongated tube; (d) a drive assembly including a motor for actuating the end effector; and (d) an electrosurgical power source in electrical communication with the one electrode and the return electrode.

37. An electrosurgical instrument according to claim 36, wherein the one electrode is a monopolar electrode.

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