A flexible solar material based shallow sea self-sinking and floating profile buoy and method thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of shallow sea self-sinking and floating profile float based on flexible solar material and method thereof, including detection unit, including shell assembly, sensing assembly is arranged at the top of the shell assembly, hydraulic system is arranged in the shell assembly, control assembly is arranged in the shell assembly;The hydraulic system includes inner oil bag and outer oil bag, the first two-position two-way electromagnetic reversing valve connected with the inner oil bag by pipeline, the second two-position two-way electromagnetic reversing valve connected with the inner oil bag by pipeline, the first two-position two-way electromagnetic reversing valve is connected with the third two-position two-way electromagnetic reversing valve, the second two-position two-way electromagnetic reversing valve fourth two-position two-way electromagnetic reversing valve, realize the efficient collection of solar energy, the position of rotating mass is adjusted float gravity center, so as to change the attitude of float, make its mark body rotate 90 °, laterally float on sea surface, reduce the influence of sea surface wind and wave on mark body, and make the light area of mark body exposed to water surface larger.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of shallow sea self-sinking and self-floating profile floaters, and particularly to a shallow sea self-sinking and self-floating profile floater based on flexible solar materials and a method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] The self-sinking and self-floating profile floater is a new type of ocean observation instrument. This type of floater has the characteristics of easy deployment, small volume, light weight, low manufacturing cost, and easy maintenance, and can be unaffected by weather conditions and harsh sea conditions. An ocean observation array composed of self-sinking and self-floating profile floaters can autonomously, long-term, stably and uninterruptedly collect profile data of many ocean environmental parameters such as temperature and pressure between the sea surface and a set depth. The collected profile data has important practical significance for the research of ocean science, the development and utilization of ocean resources, and the prediction of marine disasters. The self-sinking and self-floating profile floater is in a periodic working mode. After being deployed, the floater floats on the water surface to complete testing, self-checking, communication and positioning, then dives to a specified depth, and then moves upward to the sea surface and performs a series of profile measurements during the upward movement. Once the floater floats to the water surface, it is positioned and communicated through a satellite, sends the collected data and receives new task instructions, and then dives again for cyclic work. The floater changes the displacement volume by means of a buoyancy adjustment system to realize automatic upward movement and diving. During the working process, the floater is powered by the battery carried by itself. When the battery is depleted, the floater dies.

[0003] At present, most self-sinking and self-floating profile floaters are disposable floaters. Once deployed, they are not recovered and maintained. Therefore, in order to maintain long-term profile observation, new profile floaters need to be continuously deployed, resulting in high cost of maintaining observation. Due to cost and energy constraints, the design and expansion of profile floaters are also subject to certain restrictions. Therefore, prolonging the service life of the floaters is the primary direction of the development of profile floaters. If the service life of the floaters is prolonged, more profile data can be collected, and fewer floaters need to be redeployed each year, which is conducive to reducing observation costs and reducing pollution caused by floater deployment and death. Meanwhile, sufficient energy supply is also an important support for the development of new functions of profile floaters in the future. SUMMARY

[0004] This section is intended to summarize some aspects of the embodiments of the present application and briefly introduce some preferred embodiments. Some simplifications or omissions may be made in this section and the abstract and title of the specification of the present application to avoid obscuring the purpose of this section, the abstract and the title. Such simplifications or omissions cannot be used to limit the scope of the present application.

[0005] In view of the above or the problems existing in the prior art, the present application is proposed.

[0006] Therefore, the present application aims to provide a flexible solar material-based self-sinking and floating profile buoy for shallow sea and a method thereof, which can work in a shallow sea area for a long time, prolong the service life of the buoy, adjust the posture during use, improve the solar conversion efficiency and increase the light illumination area of the buoy.

[0007] To solve the above technical problems, the present application provides the following technical solutions: a flexible solar material-based self-sinking and floating profile buoy for shallow sea and a method thereof, which comprises,

[0008] The detection unit comprises a shell assembly, a sensing assembly arranged on the top of the shell assembly, a hydraulic system arranged in the shell assembly, and a control assembly arranged in the shell assembly.

[0009] The hydraulic system comprises an inner oil bag and an outer oil bag, a first two-position two-way electromagnetic reversing valve connected to the inner oil bag through a pipeline, a second two-position two-way electromagnetic reversing valve connected to the inner oil bag through a pipeline, the first two-position two-way electromagnetic reversing valve connected to a third two-position two-way electromagnetic reversing valve, and the second two-position two-way electromagnetic reversing valve connected to a fourth two-position two-way electromagnetic reversing valve.

[0010] The hydraulic system further comprises a plunger pump and a two-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve, the plunger pump connected to a one-way valve through a pipeline, the one-way valve connected to a fifth two-position two-way electromagnetic reversing valve through a pipeline, the fifth two-position two-way electromagnetic reversing valve connected to the two-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve through a pipeline, the second two-position two-way electromagnetic reversing valve connected to the two-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve, the two-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve connected to a swing hydraulic cylinder through a pipeline, and the swing hydraulic cylinder connected to a mass block.

[0011] As a preferred scheme of the flexible solar material-based self-sinking and floating profile buoy for shallow sea, the shell assembly comprises an outer shell, a sealing cover arranged on the top of the outer shell, and a mounting bin formed in the inner part of the outer shell.

[0012] As a preferred scheme of the flexible solar material-based self-sinking and floating profile buoy for shallow sea, the sensing assembly comprises a sensor arranged on the top of the sealing cover and a satellite antenna arranged on the top of the sealing cover.

[0013] As a preferred scheme of the flexible solar material-based self-sinking and floating profile buoy for shallow sea, the control assembly comprises a microcontroller arranged in the mounting bin, a storage battery arranged in the mounting bin, and a flexible solar power panel arranged in the mounting bin.

[0014] As a preferred scheme of the flexible solar material-based self-sinking and floating profile buoy for shallow sea, the storage battery is connected to the microcontroller, and the flexible solar power panel is connected to the storage battery.

[0015] As a preferred scheme of the present application, the shallow sea self-sinking and floating profile float based on flexible solar material, wherein: the float is put into the shallow sea;

[0016] : the hydraulic system is controlled by the microcontroller;

[0017] : the hydraulic system is adjusted to make the float sink;

[0018] : the hydraulic system is adjusted to make the float float, absorb solar energy, convert solar energy into electric energy, and sink again.

[0019] As a preferred scheme of the present application, the shallow sea self-sinking and floating profile float based on flexible solar material, wherein: the microcontroller controls and adjusts the hydraulic system.

[0020] As a preferred scheme of the present application, the shallow sea self-sinking and floating profile float based on flexible solar material, wherein: the hydraulic system is adjusted to make the hydraulic oil enter the inside of the outer oil bag, increase the volume of the outer oil bag, and affect the volume of the float through the volume change of the outer oil bag.

[0021] As a preferred scheme of the present application, the shallow sea self-sinking and floating profile float based on flexible solar material, wherein: the hydraulic system is adjusted to make the float float, the swing hydraulic cylinder adjusts the posture of the float, and the flexible solar power panel absorbs light energy and converts it into electric energy to charge the battery.

[0022] The present application has the beneficial effects that: for the first time, advanced flexible solar panels are combined with profile floats to design a self-sinking and floating profile float suitable for shallow sea, the float is powered by a battery, and when it floats to the sea surface, the flexible solar panel can convert solar energy into electric energy to charge the battery, thereby prolonging the service life of the float. The flexible material has small thickness, light weight, large bending angle, small influence on the structure of the float body, and is simple and reliable. In order to realize efficient collection of solar energy, the float shell is made of high-strength light-transmitting material such as acrylic resin, which has excellent strength performance and can resist seawater pressure and sea current impact as the shell between the sea surface and the set water depth in the shallow sea. At the same time, the material has excellent optical performance, with a light transmittance of more than 90%, which is beneficial to the efficient power generation of the solar material attached to the inner wall. In order to realize efficient collection of solar energy, a hydraulic swing system is provided, the position of the rotating mass is adjusted to change the center of gravity of the float, thereby changing the posture of the float, rotating the float body by 90°, and floating horizontally on the sea surface, reducing the influence of sea surface wind and wave on the float body, and making the light collecting area of the float body exposed to the water surface larger. In order to realize efficient collection of solar energy, the working process of the solar float is provided, when the float communicates with the satellite on the sea surface, it comprehensively analyzes the sea condition information and light conditions to determine the sea condition and power generation conditions. If the sea condition is good and the light is sufficient, the float will stay on the sea surface for a long time to collect solar energy, otherwise the float will directly dive to start a new cycle of task. Attached Figure Description

[0023] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort. Wherein:

[0024] Fig. 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a shallow-sea self-sinking profile buoy based on flexible solar energy materials.

[0025] Fig. 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a shallow-sea self-sinking profile buoy based on flexible solar energy materials.

[0026] Fig. 3 This is a schematic diagram of the hydraulic system structure of a shallow-sea self-sinking profile buoy based on flexible solar energy materials.

[0027] Fig. 4 This is a schematic diagram of the process of a shallow-sea self-sinking profile buoy based on flexible solar energy materials.

[0028] Fig. 5 This is a schematic diagram of the operation of a shallow-sea self-sinking profile buoy based on flexible solar energy materials. Detailed Implementation

[0029] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0030] Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of the invention. However, the invention may also be practiced in other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar extensions without departing from the spirit of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0031] Secondly, the term "an embodiment" or "embodiment" as used herein refers to a specific feature, structure, or characteristic that may be included in at least one implementation of the present invention. The phrase "in one embodiment" appearing in different places throughout this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a single embodiment or an embodiment selectively excluded from other embodiments.

[0032] Example 1

[0033] Reference Figs. 1-2 This is the first embodiment of the present invention, which provides a shallow-sea self-sinking and floating profiling buoy based on flexible solar energy materials and its method, comprising:

[0034] Specifically, comprising,

[0035] The detection unit 100 comprises a shell assembly 101, a sensing assembly 102 arranged on the top of the shell assembly 101, a hydraulic system 103 arranged in the shell assembly 101, and a control assembly 104 arranged in the shell assembly 101;

[0036] The hydraulic system 103 comprises an inner oil bag 103a, a first two-position two-way electromagnetic reversing valve 103b connected to the inner oil bag 103a through a pipeline, a second two-position two-way electromagnetic reversing valve 103c connected to the inner oil bag 103a through a pipeline, the first two-position two-way electromagnetic reversing valve 103b connected to a third two-position two-way electromagnetic reversing valve 103d, and the second two-position two-way electromagnetic reversing valve 103c connected to a fourth two-position two-way electromagnetic reversing valve 103e.

[0037] The hydraulic system 103 further comprises a plunger pump 103f and a two-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve 103g, the plunger pump 103f connected to a one-way valve 103h through a pipeline, the one-way valve 103h connected to a fifth two-position two-way electromagnetic reversing valve 103i through a pipeline, the fifth two-position two-way electromagnetic reversing valve 103i connected to the two-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve 103g through a pipeline, the second two-position two-way electromagnetic reversing valve 103c connected to the two-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve 103g, the two-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve 103g connected to a swing hydraulic cylinder 103j through a pipeline, and the swing hydraulic cylinder 103j connected to a mass block 103k.

[0038] Preferably, the inner oil bag 103a is used for storing oil, the plunger pump 103f drives the oil flow in the oil circuit, a damping hole is arranged in the oil circuit pipeline, the damping hole is used for limiting the flow rate to prevent damage of components caused by instantaneous pressure change, the outer oil bag 103L is fixed to the lower end of the buoy, the volume change of the outer oil bag 103L will affect the displacement volume of the buoy, and the buoy is realized to float and dive, the hydraulic drive system can realize oil discharge and oil return functions, when the buoy floats, the hydraulic drive system performs oil discharge operation, the first two-position two-way electromagnetic reversing valve 103b and the fourth two-position two-way electromagnetic reversing valve 103e are opened, the second two-position two-way electromagnetic reversing valve 103c, the third two-position two-way electromagnetic reversing valve 103d, and the fifth two-position two-way electromagnetic reversing valve 103i are closed, the oil is pumped from the inner oil bag 103a to the outer oil bag 103L, the volume of the buoy increases, the buoyancy increases, and the buoy is realized to float, when the buoy dives, the hydraulic drive system 103 performs oil return operation, the second two-position two-way electromagnetic reversing valve 103c and the third two-position two-way electromagnetic reversing valve 103d are opened, the first two-position two-way electromagnetic reversing valve 103b, the fourth two-position two-way electromagnetic reversing valve 103e, and the fifth two-position two-way electromagnetic reversing valve 103i are closed, the oil is pumped from the outer oil bag to the inner oil bag, the volume of the buoy decreases, the buoyancy decreases, and the buoy is realized to dive.

[0039] Further, the shell assembly 101 comprises a shell 101a, the top of the shell 101a is provided with a sealing cover 101b, and the inside of the shell 101a is provided with a mounting bin 101c.

[0040] Further, the sensing assembly 102 comprises a sensor 102a arranged on the top of the sealing cover 101b, and a satellite antenna 102b arranged on the top of the sealing cover 101b.

[0041] Further, the control assembly 104 comprises a microcontroller 104a arranged in the inside of the mounting bin 101c, a battery 104b arranged in the inside of the mounting bin 101c, and a flexible solar panel 104c arranged in the inside of the mounting bin 101c.

[0042] Further, the battery 104b is connected with the microcontroller 104a, and the flexible solar panel 104c is connected with the battery 104b.

[0043] In summary, the present application firstly combines the advanced flexible solar panel with the sectional buoy, and designs a self-sinking and floating sectional buoy suitable for shallow sea. The buoy is powered by the battery, and when it floats to the sea surface, the flexible solar panel can convert solar energy into electric energy to charge the battery, thereby prolonging the service life of the buoy. The flexible material has small thickness, light weight, large bending angle, small influence on the buoy body structure, and is simple and reliable. In order to realize efficient collection of solar energy, the buoy shell is made of high-strength light-transmitting material, such as acrylic resin. The material has excellent strength performance, can resist seawater pressure and current impact as the shell between the sea surface and the set water depth in the shallow sea, and has excellent optical performance with light transmittance of more than 90%, which is beneficial to efficient power generation of the solar material attached to the inner wall. In order to realize efficient collection of solar energy, a hydraulic swing system is provided, the position of the rotating mass is adjusted to change the gravity center of the buoy, thereby changing the attitude of the buoy, rotating the buoy body by 90°, and floating horizontally on the sea surface, thereby reducing the influence of sea surface wind and wave on the buoy body, and making the light collecting area of the buoy body larger. In order to realize efficient collection of solar energy, the working process of the solar buoy is provided. When the buoy performs satellite communication on the sea surface, the sea condition information and light conditions are comprehensively analyzed to determine the sea condition and power generation condition. If the sea condition is good and the light is sufficient, the buoy will stay on the sea surface for a long time to collect solar energy, otherwise the buoy will directly dive to start a new cycle of task.

[0044] Embodiment 2

[0045] Reference Figs. 1-5 For the second embodiment of the present application, the embodiment provides a shallow sea self-sinking and floating sectional buoy based on flexible solar material and a method thereof, which comprises

[0046] S1: The buoy is put into the shallow sea;

[0047] S2: The hydraulic system is controlled by the microcontroller;

[0048] S3: The hydraulic system is adjusted to sink the buoy;

[0049] S4: The hydraulic system is adjusted to float the buoy, absorb solar energy, convert solar energy into electrical energy, and sink again.

[0050] Further, the microcontroller controls the hydraulic system to control the hydraulic system.

[0051] Further, the hydraulic system is adjusted to make the hydraulic oil enter the inside of the outer oil bag, increase the volume of the outer oil bag, and affect the volume of the buoy by changing the volume of the outer oil bag.

[0052] Further, the hydraulic system is adjusted to float the buoy, and the swing hydraulic cylinder 103j adjusts the posture of the buoy. The flexible solar panel 104c absorbs light energy and converts it into electrical energy to charge the battery 104b.

[0053] In use, the buoy is thrown into shallow sea, and the hydraulic drive system 103 can realize oil discharge and oil return functions. When the buoy floats up, the hydraulic drive system performs oil discharge operation, the first and second two-way electromagnetic reversing valve 103b and the fourth two-way electromagnetic reversing valve 103e are opened, the second two-way electromagnetic reversing valve 103c, the third two-way electromagnetic reversing valve 103d and the fifth two-way electromagnetic reversing valve 103i are closed, and the oil is pumped from the inner oil bag 103a to the outer oil bag 103L, the buoy volume increases, the buoyancy increases, and the buoy floats up.

[0054] When the buoy sinks, the hydraulic drive system 103 performs oil return operation, the second two-way electromagnetic reversing valve 103c and the third two-way electromagnetic reversing valve 103d are opened, the first two-way electromagnetic reversing valve 103b, the fourth two-way electromagnetic reversing valve 103e and the fifth two-way electromagnetic reversing valve 103i are closed, and the oil is pumped from the outer oil bag 103L to the inner oil bag 103a, the buoy volume decreases, the buoyancy decreases, and the buoy sinks.

[0055] The two-way four-way electromagnetic reversing valve 103g controls the oil direction of the two oil paths of the swing hydraulic cylinder 103j. The swing hydraulic cylinder 103j is loaded with a mass block 103k at the end, can realize rotation in different directions according to the different oil paths, thereby changing the center of gravity of the buoy, changing the posture of the buoy, and the rotation angle is determined by the input oil quantity.

[0056] When the buoy completes communication on the sea surface and starts to collect solar energy, it first discharges oil to maximize the volume of the outer oil tank 103L, then the first two-position two-way electromagnetic reversing valve 103b and the fifth two-position two-way electromagnetic reversing valve 103i are opened, the second two-position two-way electromagnetic reversing valve 103c and the third two-position two-way electromagnetic reversing valve 103d and the fourth two-position two-way electromagnetic reversing valve 103e are closed, the inlet and outlet oil direction of the two-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve 103g is changed, one channel of the swing hydraulic cylinder 103j is pressurized, the mass block 103k is moved upward, the buoy center of gravity is moved upward, the buoy float center distance is increased, the stability is reduced, and the buoy body cannot maintain a vertical state, the buoy body rotates 90° and floats on the sea surface in a horizontal attitude;

[0057] When the buoy finishes collecting solar energy, the inlet and outlet oil direction of the two-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve 103g is changed, the other channel of the swing hydraulic cylinder 103j is pressurized, the mass block 103k returns to the original position, the buoy center of gravity moves downward, the second two-position two-way electromagnetic reversing valve 103c and the third two-position two-way electromagnetic reversing valve 103d are opened, the first two-position two-way electromagnetic reversing valve 103b, the fourth two-position two-way electromagnetic reversing valve 103e and the fifth two-position two-way electromagnetic reversing valve 103i are closed, the oil is returned to reduce the volume of the outer oil tank 103L, and the buoy returns to the vertical state and starts to dive.

[0058] The above-mentioned hydraulic swing system design scheme utilizes the two-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve 103g and the swing hydraulic cylinder 103j to realize the clockwise and counterclockwise rotation of the mass block, and the total rotation angle range is 0°-180°, and the required space is smaller.

[0059] In summary, the application designs a self-sinking and floating sectional buoy suitable for shallow sea by first combining advanced flexible solar panel with sectional buoy, the buoy is powered by battery, when floating to the sea surface, the flexible solar panel can convert solar energy into electricity to charge the battery, thereby prolonging the service life of the buoy. The flexible material has small thickness, light weight, large bending angle, small influence on the structure of the buoy body, and is simple and reliable. In order to realize efficient collection of solar energy, the buoy shell is made of high-strength light-transmitting material such as acrylic resin, which has excellent strength performance and can resist seawater pressure and current impact as a shell between the sea surface and the set water depth in shallow sea. At the same time, the material has excellent optical performance, with a light transmittance of more than 90%, which is beneficial to the efficient power generation of the solar material attached to the inner wall. In order to realize efficient collection of solar energy, a hydraulic swing system is provided, the position of the rotating mass is adjusted to change the buoy's gravity center, thereby changing the attitude of the buoy, making the buoy body rotate 90° and float horizontally on the sea surface, reducing the influence of sea surface wind and wave on the buoy body, and making the light collecting area of the buoy body exposed to the water surface larger. Realize efficient collection of solar energy, provide the working process of the solar buoy, when the buoy is communicating with the satellite on the sea surface, it will comprehensively analyze the sea condition information and light conditions to determine the sea condition and power generation conditions. If the sea condition is good and the light is sufficient, the buoy will stay on the sea surface for a long time to collect solar energy, otherwise the buoy will directly dive to start a new cycle of tasks.

[0060] Importantly, it should be noted that the constructions and arrangements of the present application shown in the various example embodiments are illustrative only. Although only a few embodiments have been described in detail in this disclosure, those skilled in the art who review this disclosure will readily appreciate that many modifications are possible (e.g., variations in sizes, dimensions, structures, shapes and proportions of the various elements, values of parameters, mounting arrangements, use of materials, colors, orientations, etc.) without materially departing from the novel teachings and advantages of the subject matter described in this application. For example, elements shown as integrally formed can be constructed of multiple parts or elements, the position of elements can be reversed or otherwise varied, and the nature or number of elements or positions can be modified or changed. Accordingly, all such modifications are intended to be included within the scope of the present application. The order or sequence of any process or method steps can be changed or re-sequenced without departing from the generality of the application. In the claims, any "means plus function" clause is intended to cover the structures described herein as performing the recited function and not only structural equivalents but also equivalent structures. Other substitutions, modifications, changes, and omissions can be made in the design, operating conditions and arrangement of the example embodiments without departing from the scope of the present application. Accordingly, the present application is not limited to particular embodiments, but extends to various modifications that nevertheless fall within the scope of the appended claims.

[0061] Furthermore, in the interest of providing a concise description of illustrative embodiments, not all features of an actual implementation can be described (that is, not all

[0062] It will be appreciated that in the development of any actual embodiment, as in any engineering or design project, numerous implementation-specific decisions can be made. Such development efforts might be complex and time-consuming, but would nevertheless be a routine undertaking for those of ordinary skill in the art having the benefit of this disclosure.

[0063] It should be noted that the above examples are merely used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, rather than limit the present application. Although the present application is described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present application can be modified or equivalently replaced, without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present application, and all should be included in the scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A flexible solar material based shallow sea self-sinking and floating profile buoy, characterized by: Including, The detection unit (100) comprises a shell assembly (101), a sensing assembly (102) arranged on the top of the shell assembly (101), a hydraulic system (103) arranged in the shell assembly (101), and a control assembly (104) arranged in the shell assembly (101). The hydraulic system (103) comprises an inner oil bag (103a), a first two-position two-way electromagnetic reversing valve (103b) connected to the inner oil bag (103a) by a pipeline, a second two-position two-way electromagnetic reversing valve (103c) connected to the inner oil bag (103a) by a pipeline, the first two-position two-way electromagnetic reversing valve (103b) connected to a third two-position two-way electromagnetic reversing valve (103d), and the second two-position two-way electromagnetic reversing valve (103c) connected to a fourth two-position two-way electromagnetic reversing valve (103e). Further comprising a plunger pump (103f) and a two-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve (103g), the plunger pump (103f) being connected to a one-way valve (103h) by a pipeline, the one-way valve (103h) being connected to a fifth two-position two-way electromagnetic reversing valve (103i) by a pipeline, the fifth two-position two-way electromagnetic reversing valve (103i) being connected to the two-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve (103g) by a pipeline, the second two-position two-way electromagnetic reversing valve (103c) being connected to the two-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve (103g), the two-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve (103g) being connected to a swing hydraulic cylinder (103j) by a pipeline, and the swing hydraulic cylinder (103j) being connected to a mass block (103k).

2. The shallow water self-sinking and -floating profile buoy based on flexible solar material according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shell assembly (101) comprises an outer shell (101a), a sealing cover (101b) arranged on the top of the outer shell (101a), and a mounting bin (101c) formed in the inner part of the outer shell (101a).

3. The shallow water self-subsiding and -floating profile buoy based on flexible solar material according to claim 2, characterized in that: The sensing assembly (102) comprises a sensor (102a) arranged on the top of the sealing cover (101b) and a satellite antenna (102b) arranged on the top of the sealing cover (101b).

4. The shallow water self-sinking and self-floating profile buoy based on flexible solar material of claim 3, wherein: The control assembly (104) comprises a microcontroller (104a) arranged in the mounting bin (101c), a storage battery (104b) arranged in the mounting bin (101c), and a flexible solar panel (104c) arranged in the mounting bin (101c).

5. The shallow water self-subsiding and -floating profile buoy based on flexible solar material according to claim 4, characterized in that: The storage battery (104b) is connected to the microcontroller (104a), and the flexible solar panel (104c) is connected to the storage battery (104b).

6. The shallow sea self-sinking and self-floating profile buoy based on flexible solar material and its method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: S1: throwing a buoy into shallow sea; S2: controlling the hydraulic system by a microcontroller; S3: adjusting the hydraulic system to make the buoy sink; 7. The shallow sea self-sinking and self-floating profile buoy based on flexible solar material and its method according to claim 6, characterized by: S4: adjusting the hydraulic system to make the buoy float, absorbing solar energy, converting the solar energy into electric energy, and sinking again.

8. The shallow sea self-sinking and self-floating profile buoy based on flexible solar material and its method according to claim 7, characterized by: The microcontroller controls the hydraulic system. The hydraulic system adjusts to make the hydraulic oil enter the inner part of the outer oil bag, increase the volume of the outer oil bag, and affect the volume of the buoy by the volume change of the outer oil bag.

9. The shallow sea self-sinking and self-floating profile buoy based on flexible solar material and its method according to claim 8, characterized by: The hydraulic system controls the buoy to float up, the swing hydraulic cylinder (103j) controls the buoy to swing, and the flexible solar panel (104c) absorbs light energy to charge the battery (104b).

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