A rotary kiln for pyrolysis energy recovery of oil-based rock cuttings

Abstract

The invention discloses a rotary kiln for recovering energy from pyrolysis of oil-based rock cuttings, wherein a jacket heating chamber is installed on the rotary kiln, a knocking mechanism is arranged between the outer wall of the rotary kiln and the inner wall of the jacket heating chamber, a feed hopper is arranged at the feed inlet of the rotary kiln, a dust collector is arranged at the gas outlet end of the discharge port of the rotary kiln, the dust collector is connected with a heat exchanger, the heat exchanger separates a mixed gas consisting of water vapor and low-boiling point organic gas and transports it to the jacket heating chamber through a pipeline, the mineral oil condensed by the heat exchanger is transported to an oil storage tank, the organic gas in the mixed gas is burned in the jacket heating chamber and the water vapor in the mixed gas is heated to heat the rotary kiln, and the gas outlet pipeline of the jacket heating chamber transports part of the high-temperature gas after the mixed gas is burned to the knocking mechanism as a power source for knocking the rotary kiln. The invention utilizes the heat generated by the recovered pyrolysis to drive the knocking mechanism to achieve descaling of the inner wall of the rotary kiln, avoids a large amount of reaction materials from adhering to the inner wall of the rotary kiln, and ensures the normal use of the rotary kiln.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of rotary kilns, and in particular to a rotary kiln used for recovering energy from pyrolysis of oil-based rock cuttings. Background Art

[0002] In the process of shale gas exploitation, drilling operations generate a large amount of hazardous waste - oil-based cuttings, which generally contain about 10% mineral oil, about 10% water, and contain a variety of surfactants and a variety of organic matter. At present, the treatment process for oil-based cuttings is mainly based on indirect heating distillation process. The oil-based cuttings are pyrolyzed by a rotary kiln, and the oil-based cuttings evaporate water vapor and oil vapor under heat. The evaporated oil-water mixed steam has a temperature of 300-400°C. The dry residue after deoiling enters the dry residue cooler for cooling. The dry residue after cooling is transported to the dry residue warehouse for storage. The oil-water mixed steam evaporated in the rotary kiln is separated from the dust by the dust collector and then enters the heat exchanger for condensation. The high-boiling point mineral oil is condensed into a liquid with a temperature of 100-150°C. The condensed mineral oil is transported to the condenser and further cooled and then transported to the oil storage tank for storage.

[0003] Due to the high viscosity of oil-based rock cuttings, a large amount of reaction materials will often stick to the inner wall of the rotary kiln during the high-temperature pyrolysis process in the rotary kiln. If this continues for a long time, it will not only greatly increase the weight of the rotary kiln and increase the motor load, but also hinder the mass transfer and heat transfer of the rotary kiln, affecting its normal use. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a rotary kiln for recovering energy from pyrolysis of oil-based rock cuttings, which utilizes the heat generated by the recovered pyrolysis to drive a knocking mechanism to descale the inner wall of the rotary kiln, thereby avoiding a large amount of reaction materials from adhering to the inner wall of the rotary kiln and ensuring the normal use of the rotary kiln.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following solutions:

[0006] A rotary kiln for pyrolysis energy recovery of oil-based rock cuttings comprises a rotary kiln, a jacketed heating chamber is installed on the rotary kiln, a knocking mechanism is arranged between the outer wall of the rotary kiln and the inner wall of the jacketed heating chamber, a feed hopper is arranged at the feed inlet of the rotary kiln, a dust collector is arranged at the gas outlet end of the rotary kiln discharge port, the dust collector is connected to a heat exchanger, the heat exchanger separates a mixed gas consisting of water vapor and low-boiling point organic gas and transports it to the jacketed heating chamber through a pipeline, the mineral oil condensed by the heat exchanger is transported to an oil storage tank, the organic gas in the mixed gas is burned in the jacketed heating chamber and the water vapor in the mixed gas is heated to heat the rotary kiln, and the gas outlet pipeline of the jacketed heating chamber transports part of the high-temperature gas after the mixed gas is burned to the knocking mechanism as a power source for knocking the rotary kiln.

[0007] In this scheme, the rotary kiln is the core equipment for processing oil-based rock cuttings. Its rotational motion helps the rock cuttings to be evenly heated and fully pyrolyzed. The rotary kiln is generally set at an angle, and its feed end is higher than the discharge end, which is convenient for the output of the material after pyrolysis. A space is set between the outer wall of the rotary kiln and the inner wall of the jacket heating chamber, which provides the necessary structural basis for the subsequent heating and percussion mechanism. The jacket heating chamber is installed on the rotary kiln, and its main function is to burn the organic gas in the mixed gas (composed of water vapor and low-boiling organic gas) to generate heat. The high-temperature gas generated by the combustion not only heats the water vapor in the jacket heating chamber, but also heats the rotary kiln through heat conduction, realizing the effective utilization of energy. The percussion mechanism is set in the space between the outer wall of the rotary kiln and the inner wall of the jacket heating chamber, and its power source comes from the discharge of part of the high-temperature gas after the combustion of the jacket heating chamber.

[0008] This design not only utilizes the energy of high-temperature gas, but also removes the materials adhered to the inner wall of the rotary kiln by knocking, achieving the purpose of descaling, avoiding the long-term adhesion of materials and subsequent difficulty in cleaning, and also avoiding the problem of long-term adhesion of materials increasing the weight of the rotary kiln, which helps to reduce the load of the motor driving the rotary kiln. After descaling, the mass transfer and heat transfer of the rotary kiln will not be hindered, ensuring its normal use. At the same time, knocking can also promote the loosening and turning of the rock chips in the rotary kiln, which helps to improve the pyrolysis efficiency. The feed hopper is located at the feed port of the rotary kiln, which is convenient for evenly and continuously feeding the oil-based rock chips into the rotary kiln. A dust collector is set at the discharge port to capture and treat the dust and particulate matter generated during the pyrolysis process to reduce environmental pollution. The heat exchanger receives the mixed gas from the dust collector, separates water vapor and low-boiling organic gas through condensation, and the condensed mineral oil is transported to the oil storage tank for storage. This process not only achieves the effective separation of the mixed gas, but also recovers valuable mineral oil resources. After the water vapor in the mixed gas is heated in the jacketed heating chamber, it burns with the organic gas to produce high-temperature gas. Part of the high-temperature gas is transported to the percussion mechanism as a power source, and the remaining gas may be further processed or discharged through other means. The entire system also realizes efficient recycling of energy, reducing energy consumption and environmental pollution.

[0009] Optionally, a mixed gas inlet connected to a heat exchanger is provided at the right end of the jacket heating chamber, and an air outlet pipe is provided at the left end of the jacket heating chamber, and the air outlet pipe transports high-temperature gas to the knocking mechanism.

[0010] Optionally, the jacket heating chamber is provided with a plurality of burners located below the rotary kiln. The mixed gas separated by the heat exchanger enters the jacket heating chamber through the mixed gas inlet. The mixed gas is fully burned in the flame zone of the burner. The organic gas in the mixed gas is converted into high-temperature gas after the combustion reaction and output through the gas outlet pipe. The high-temperature gas contains water vapor and carbon dioxide. The water vapor in the mixed gas is in a gaseous state and does not release latent heat. It only needs a small amount of heat to be heated to a certain temperature. It is used as a heating medium to transfer heat to the oil-based rock chips inside through the wall of the rotary kiln, so that the oil and water in the oil-based rock chips can evaporate.

[0011] Optionally, a plurality of the knocking mechanisms are spaced apart along the length direction of the rotary kiln, and the plurality of knocking mechanisms share a common air outlet pipe.

[0012] Optionally, the knocking mechanism includes a fixed cylinder, a piston, and a solid knocking ball. The upper end of the fixed cylinder is fixedly connected to the top wall of the jacket heating chamber, the lower end of the fixed cylinder has a sealing plate, the piston is slidably sleeved in the fixed cylinder, the piston divides the inner cavity of the fixed cylinder into a first cavity and a second cavity which are independent of each other, the first cavity is located above the second cavity, the side wall of the fixed cylinder is connected to an air duct connected to the second cavity, an electromagnetic valve is installed on the air duct, the other end of the air duct is connected to an air outlet pipe, a control rod is fixed to the bottom surface of the piston, the lower end of the control rod passes through the through hole on the sealing plate and is connected to the knocking ball, the knocking ball is located between the fixed cylinder and the rotary kiln, the upper part of the control rod is provided with an adjustment section whose diameter is adapted to the inner diameter of the through hole, the control rod below the adjustment section is a deflation section whose diameter is smaller than the inner diameter of the through hole, and when the deflation section passes through the through hole, the second cavity is connected to the outside and starts to deflate.

[0013] Optionally, a first sealing ring is fixed in the through hole, the control rod passes through the first sealing ring, and a second sealing ring is circumferentially embedded in the piston.

[0014] Optionally, a return spring is provided in the first cavity, one end of the return spring is connected to the top wall of the fixed cylinder, and the other end is connected to the top of the piston. When the return spring is in a natural state, the knocking ball contacts the surface wall of the rotary kiln.

[0015] Optionally, the adjustment section is composed of a plurality of detachable rings, which are continuously distributed along the length direction of the control rod, and the diameter of the ring is adapted to the inner diameter of the through hole. By increasing the number of rings, the length of the adjustment section is extended, thereby extending the time for the deflation section to reach the through hole, thereby increasing the compression amount of the return spring, thereby changing the impact force of the ball.

[0016] Optionally, the control rod is a circular externally threaded rod, the collar is a circular ring with internal threads, the control rod is threadedly connected to the striking ball, and the collar is threadedly connected to the control rod.

[0017] Optionally, the side wall of the feed hopper is double-layered, and a hollow cavity is formed in the middle of the side wall. The hollow cavity is connected to the outlet pipe by a connecting pipe. Part of the high-temperature gas in the outlet pipe enters the hollow cavity to insulate and preheat the oil-based rock cuttings inside the feed hopper. The side wall of the feed hopper is also provided with an outlet for transporting the gas after heat exchange to the outlet pipe again.

[0018] The present invention has the beneficial effects:

[0019] 1. In the present invention, the knocking mechanism is arranged in the space between the outer wall of the rotary kiln and the inner wall of the jacket heating chamber, and its power source comes from the discharge of part of the high-temperature gas after the combustion of the jacket heating chamber. This design not only utilizes the energy of the high-temperature gas, but also removes the materials adhering to the inner wall of the rotary kiln by knocking, so as to achieve the purpose of descaling, avoid the long-term adhesion of the materials and the subsequent difficulty in cleaning, and also avoid the problem of the long-term adhesion of the materials increasing the weight of the rotary kiln, which is helpful to reduce the load of the motor driving the rotary kiln to rotate. After descaling, the mass transfer and heat transfer of the rotary kiln will not be hindered, ensuring its normal use. At the same time, knocking can also promote the loosening and turning of the rock chips in the rotary kiln, which helps to improve the pyrolysis efficiency.

[0020] 2. The side wall of the feed hopper is double-layered, with a hollow cavity formed in the middle of the side wall. The hollow cavity is connected to the outlet pipe by a connecting pipe. Part of the high-temperature gas in the outlet pipe enters the hollow cavity to insulate and preheat the oil-based rock chips inside the feed hopper. The side wall of the feed hopper is also provided with an outlet for transporting the gas after heat exchange to the outlet pipe again. In this way, the high-temperature gas generated in the jacket heating chamber is further recycled, which can insulate and preheat the oil-based rock chips, ensure the effective fluidity of the oil-based rock chips, and avoid excessive materials sticking to the feed hopper and the inner wall of the rotary kiln. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure when the knocking ball rises;

[0023] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure when the ball is knocked down;

[0024] Figure 4 It is the structural diagram of the regulating section and the air release section;

[0025] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the ring.

[0026] Figure markings: 1-rotary kiln, 2-dust collector, 3-heat exchanger, 4-mixed gas inlet, 5-burner, 6-hollow cavity, 7-gas outlet, 8-connecting pipe, 9-gas outlet pipe, 10-knocking mechanism, 11-air guide pipe, 12-jacketed heating chamber, 13-solenoid valve, 14-knocking ball, 15-through hole, 16-first sealing ring, 17-second sealing ring, 18-fixing cylinder, 19-reset spring, 20-first cavity, 21-piston, 22-second cavity, 23-control rod, 231-adjusting section, 2310-ring, 232-air release section, 24-sealing plate, 25-feed hopper. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with embodiments and drawings, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.

[0028] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "up", "down", "left", "right", "vertical", "longitudinal", "lateral", "horizontal", "inside", "outside", "front", "back", "top", "bottom" and the like indicate directions or positional relationships based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, or are the directions or positional relationships in which the inventive product is usually placed when used. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0029] In the description of the present invention, it is also necessary to explain that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "disposed", "opened", "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0030] A rotary kiln for pyrolysis energy recovery of oil-based rock cuttings comprises a rotary kiln 1, wherein a jacketed heating chamber 12 is installed on the rotary kiln 1, a knocking mechanism 10 is arranged between the outer wall of the rotary kiln 1 and the inner wall of the jacketed heating chamber 12, a feed hopper 25 is arranged at the feed inlet of the rotary kiln 1, a dust collector 2 is arranged at the gas outlet end of the discharge port of the rotary kiln 1, the dust collector 2 is connected to a heat exchanger 3, the heat exchanger 3 separates a mixed gas consisting of water vapor and low-boiling point organic gas and transports it to the jacketed heating chamber 12 through a pipeline, the mineral oil condensed by the heat exchanger 3 is transported to an oil storage tank, the organic gas in the mixed gas is burned in the jacketed heating chamber 12 and the water vapor in the mixed gas is heated to heat the rotary kiln 1, and the gas outlet pipeline 9 of the jacketed heating chamber 12 transports part of the high-temperature gas after the mixed gas is burned to the knocking mechanism 10 as a power source for knocking the rotary kiln 1.

[0031] In this embodiment, Figure 1As shown, the rotary kiln 1 is the core equipment for processing oil-based rock cuttings. Its rotational motion helps the rock cuttings to be evenly heated and fully pyrolyzed. The rotary kiln 1 is generally tilted, and its feed end is higher than the discharge end, which is convenient for the output of the material after pyrolysis. A space is set between the outer wall of the rotary kiln 1 and the inner wall of the jacket heating chamber 12, which provides the necessary structural basis for the subsequent heating and knocking mechanism 10. The jacket heating chamber 12 is installed on the rotary kiln 1, and its main function is to burn the organic gas in the mixed gas (composed of water vapor and low-boiling organic gas) to generate heat. The high-temperature gas generated by the combustion not only heats the water vapor in the jacket heating chamber 12, but also heats the rotary kiln 1 through heat conduction, thereby realizing the effective utilization of energy. The knocking mechanism 10 is set in the space between the outer wall of the rotary kiln 1 and the inner wall of the jacket heating chamber 12, and its power source comes from the discharge of part of the high-temperature gas after the jacket heating chamber 12 is burned. This design not only utilizes the energy of high-temperature gas, but also removes the materials adhered to the inner wall of the rotary kiln 1 by knocking, so as to achieve the purpose of descaling, avoid the long-term adhesion of materials and subsequent difficulty in cleaning, and also avoid the problem of long-term adhesion of materials increasing the weight of the rotary kiln 1, which is helpful to reduce the load of the motor driving the rotary kiln 1 to rotate. After descaling, the mass transfer and heat transfer of the rotary kiln 1 will not be hindered, ensuring its normal use. At the same time, knocking can also promote the loosening and turning of the rock chips in the rotary kiln 1, which helps to improve the pyrolysis efficiency. The feed hopper 25 is located at the feed port of the rotary kiln 1, which is convenient for evenly and continuously feeding the oil-based rock chips into the rotary kiln 1. The dust collector 2 is set at the discharge port to capture and process the dust and particulate matter generated during the pyrolysis process to reduce environmental pollution. The heat exchanger 3 receives the mixed gas from the dust collector 2, separates water vapor and low-boiling organic gas by condensation, and the condensed mineral oil is transported to the oil storage tank for storage. This process not only realizes the effective separation of the mixed gas, but also recovers valuable mineral oil resources. After the water vapor in the mixed gas is heated in the jacket heating chamber 12, it burns with the organic gas to produce high-temperature gas. Part of the high-temperature gas is transported to the striking mechanism 10 as a power source, and the remaining gas may be further processed or discharged through other means. The entire system also realizes efficient recycling of energy, reducing energy consumption and environmental pollution.

[0032] Furthermore, a mixed gas inlet 4 connected to the heat exchanger 3 is provided at the right end of the jacket heating chamber 12 , and an air outlet pipe 9 is provided at the left end of the jacket heating chamber 12 , and the air outlet pipe 9 transports high-temperature gas to the knocking mechanism 10 .

[0033] Furthermore, the jacket heating chamber 12 is provided with a plurality of burners 5 located below the rotary kiln 1. The mixed gas separated by the heat exchanger 3 enters the jacket heating chamber 12 through the mixed gas inlet 4. The mixed gas is fully burned in the flame zone of the burner 5. The organic gas in the mixed gas is converted into high-temperature gas after the combustion reaction and output from the gas outlet pipe 9. The high-temperature gas contains water vapor and carbon dioxide. The water vapor in the mixed gas is in a gaseous state and does not release latent heat. It only needs a small amount of heat to be heated to a certain temperature. As a heating medium, it transfers heat to the oil-based rock chips inside through the kiln wall of the rotary kiln 1 to evaporate the oil and water in the oil-based rock chips.

[0034] Furthermore, a plurality of the knocking mechanisms 10 are distributed at intervals along the length direction of the rotary kiln 1 , and the plurality of knocking mechanisms 10 share the air outlet pipe 9 .

[0035] Specifically, Figure 1 As shown, the knocking mechanisms 10 are distributed at intervals along the length direction of the rotary kiln 1, which means that the rock chips will be evenly knocked along the entire length of the rotary kiln 1. This distribution method helps to ensure that the rock chips are evenly turned and loosened in the rotary kiln 1, thereby improving the pyrolysis efficiency. Multiple knocking mechanisms 10 share a gas outlet pipe 9, which simplifies the structure of the system and reduces the manufacturing cost and maintenance difficulty. At the same time, the shared gas outlet pipe 9 also helps to centrally process the high-temperature gas generated by the knocking mechanism 10 to achieve efficient energy recovery and utilization. The uniform distribution and joint action of the knocking mechanism 10 help promote the full pyrolysis of the rock chips in the rotary kiln 1. Through the knocking action, the pore structure of the rock chips is destroyed, and the desorption efficiency of the oil is improved, thereby increasing the output and quality of the pyrolysis product. The design of the shared gas outlet pipe 9 reduces the emission and loss of high-temperature gas and improves the energy recovery efficiency. At the same time, the knocking mechanism 10 uses high-temperature gas as a power source to achieve energy recycling and reduce the energy consumption of the system. Through the treatment of the dust collector 2 and the heat exchanger 3, the dust and particulate matter generated during the pyrolysis process are effectively captured and treated.

[0036] Furthermore, the knocking mechanism 10 includes a fixed cylinder 18, a piston 21, and a solid knocking ball 14. The upper end of the fixed cylinder 18 is fixedly connected to the top wall of the jacket heating chamber 12, and the lower end of the fixed cylinder 18 has a sealing plate 24. The piston 21 is slidably sleeved in the fixed cylinder 18. The piston 21 divides the inner cavity of the fixed cylinder 18 into a first cavity 20 and a second cavity 22 that are independent of each other. The first cavity 20 is located above the second cavity 22. The side wall of the fixed cylinder 18 is connected to an air duct 11 that is connected to the second cavity 22, and an electric The magnetic valve 13 and the other end of the air guide pipe 11 are connected to the air outlet pipe 9. A control rod 23 is fixed to the bottom surface of the piston 21. The lower end of the control rod 23 passes through the through hole 15 on the sealing plate 24 and is connected to the knocking ball 14. The knocking ball 14 is located between the fixed cylinder 18 and the rotary kiln 1. The upper part of the control rod 23 is provided with an adjustment section 231 whose diameter is adapted to the inner diameter of the through hole 15. The control rod 23 below the adjustment section 231 is a degassing section 232 whose diameter is smaller than the inner diameter of the through hole 15. When the degassing section 232 passes through the through hole 15, the second cavity 22 is connected to the outside and starts to degas.

[0037] The specific working principle of the knocking mechanism 10 is as follows: Figure 2 As shown, the high-temperature gas enters the second cavity 22 from the gas guide pipe 11. As the gas volume increases in the second cavity 22, the air pressure also increases. After the air pressure in the second cavity 22 overcomes the gravity of the knocking ball 14, the piston 21 moves upward and drives the knocking ball 14 to move upward. During the upward movement, the regulating section 231 and the through hole 15 remain sealed to avoid pressure release in the second cavity 22, so that the knocking ball 14 can reach the set height. When the knocking ball 14 moves up to a certain height, as shown in FIG. Figure 3 As shown, at this time, the upper end of the air release section 232 enters the through hole 15, and the second cavity 22 begins to release pressure. A pressure sensor can be installed in the second cavity 22. When the pressure sensor senses a decrease in air pressure, the solenoid valve 13 stops the air supply from the air duct 11. After the air pressure in the second cavity 22 decreases, it cannot overcome the gravity of the knocking ball 14. Then, under the action of the gravity of the knocking ball 14, the piston 21 is driven downward by the control rod 23 until the knocking ball 14 contacts the side wall of the rotary kiln 1, producing a striking effect thereon, and shaking off the materials sticking to the inner wall of the rotary kiln 1, thereby achieving the purpose of cleaning and descaling.

[0038] Furthermore, a first sealing ring 16 is fixed in the through hole 15 , the control rod 23 passes through the first sealing ring 16 , and a second sealing ring 17 is circumferentially embedded in the piston 21 .

[0039] Specifically, the first sealing ring 16 can prevent the high-temperature gas in the second cavity 22 from leaking in advance before the venting section 232 reaches the through hole 15, thereby ensuring the air pressure in the second cavity 22, ensuring that the knocking ball 14 can reach the specified height, and ensuring the knocking effect. The second sealing ring 17 can prevent the gas in the second cavity 22 from leaking into the first cavity 20, ensuring that the second cavity 22 has sufficient air pressure to overcome the gravity of the knocking ball 14.

[0040] Furthermore, a return spring 19 is provided in the first cavity 20 , one end of the return spring 19 is connected to the top wall of the fixing cylinder 18 , and the other end is connected to the top of the piston 21 . When the return spring 19 is in a natural state, the knocking ball 14 contacts the surface wall of the rotary kiln 1 .

[0041] Specifically, Figure 2 As shown, as the amount of air in the second cavity 22 increases, the air pressure also increases accordingly. After the air pressure in the second cavity 22 overcomes the gravity of the knocking ball 14 and the elastic force of the return spring 19, the piston 21 moves upward and compresses the return spring 19. At the same time, the upward movement of the piston 21 drives the knocking ball 14 to move upward. When the upper end of the air release section 232 enters the through hole 15, the second cavity 22 begins to release pressure. A pressure sensor can be installed in the second cavity 22. When the pressure sensor senses a decrease in air pressure, the solenoid valve 13 stops supplying air to the air guide pipe 11. After the air pressure in the second cavity 22 decreases, it cannot overcome the gravity of the knocking ball 14 and the elastic force of the return spring 19. The piston 21 acts together with the elastic force of the return spring 19 and the gravity of the knocking ball 14. Down, the piston 21 moves downward, and the elastic force of the return spring 19 can accelerate the falling speed of the knocking ball 14, thereby improving the striking ability on the side wall of the rotary kiln 1. In order to facilitate the movement of the piston 21, a one-way valve can be installed on the side wall of the first cavity 20, and only the gas in the second cavity 22 is allowed to be output, so that the resistance to the upward movement of the piston 21 is smaller. When the return spring 19 is in a natural state, the knocking ball 14 contacts the surface wall of the rotary kiln 1, which is also the initial position of the knocking ball 14. In this way, after the knocking ball 14 contacts the side wall of the rotary kiln 1 downward, the return spring 19 will not be stretched again, ensuring that the knocking ball 14 is always in an accelerated state to impact the side wall of the rotary kiln 1, so that the knocking effect is better.

[0042] Furthermore, the adjustment section 231 is composed of a plurality of detachable rings 2310, and the plurality of rings 2310 are continuously distributed along the length direction of the control rod 23, and the diameter of the ring 2310 is adapted to the inner diameter of the through hole 15. By increasing the number of rings 2310, the length of the adjustment section 231 is extended, thereby extending the time for the deflation section 232 to reach the through hole 15, thereby increasing the compression amount of the return spring 19, thereby changing the striking force of the knocking ball 14.

[0043] Furthermore, the control rod 23 is a circular externally threaded rod, the collar 2310 is a circular ring with internal threads, the control rod 23 is threadedly connected to the striking ball 14 , and the collar 2310 is threadedly connected to the control rod 23 .

[0044] Specifically, Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, the adjusting section 231 is composed of a plurality of detachable collars 2310. The collars 2310 are circular rings with internal threads and a smooth surface. The control rod 23 is an externally threaded rod. The collars 2310 can be threadedly connected to the control rod 23. The diameter of the collars 2310 is larger than the diameter of the control rod 23. The lower end of the control rod 23 is threadedly connected to the striking ball 14, which is convenient for disassembly and installation, and also convenient for adding or removing collars 2310 to change the length of the adjusting section 231. Since the diameter of the adjusting section 231 is larger than the diameter of the pressure relief section, an inverted L-shaped structure is formed between the adjusting section 231 and the pressure relief section. A first sealing ring 16 is provided in the through hole 15, and the first sealing ring 16 is tightly attached to the outer wall of the adjusting section 231. In this way, when the adjusting section 231 is moving, the second cavity 22 will not be depressurized, ensuring that the second cavity 22 has sufficient Sufficient pressure drives the knocking ball 14 and the compression return spring 19. When the lower end of the adjustment section 231 just leaves the through hole 15 upward and the upper end of the pressure relief section just enters the through hole 15, the second cavity 22 will begin to release pressure. If it is necessary to adjust the knocking degree of the knocking ball 14 on the side wall of the rotary kiln 1, then it is necessary to change the rising height of the knocking ball 14. At this time, it is only necessary to add the number of sleeve rings 2310 below the adjustment section 231, thereby extending the length of the adjustment section 231 and shortening the length of the pressure relief section. Then, after the adjustment section 231 moves upward a greater distance in the through hole 15, the pressure relief section will enter the through hole 15, so that the knocking ball 14 can move upward a greater distance, and the degree of compression of the return spring 19 is also greater, and finally the knocking ball 14 falls at a greater speed, and the knocking degree of the side wall of the rotary kiln 1 is greater. On the contrary, if the number of sleeve rings 2310 is reduced, the rising distance of the knocking ball 14 is shorter and the impact force when falling is smaller. In the present solution, each ring 2310 fits together to ensure that the surface of each ring 2310 is flush. At the same time, in order to ensure that the adjustment section 231 can quickly enter the first sealing ring 16 when the control rod 23 moves downward, the upper end of the first sealing ring 16 can be opened as a conical surface. When adding the ring 2310, it is necessary to first remove the knocking ball 14 and then add the ring 2310 from the lower end of the control rod 23 upward.

[0045] Furthermore, the side wall of the feed hopper 25 is double-layered, and a hollow cavity 6 is formed in the middle of the side wall. The hollow cavity 6 is connected to the outlet pipe 9 by a connecting pipe 8. Part of the high-temperature gas in the outlet pipe 9 enters the hollow cavity 6 to insulate and preheat the oil-based rock cuttings inside the feed hopper 25. The side wall of the feed hopper 25 is also provided with an outlet 7 for transporting the gas after heat exchange to the outlet pipe 9 again.

[0046] Specifically, Figure 1As shown, the side wall of the feed hopper 25 is double-layered, so that a closed hollow cavity 6 can be formed in the middle of the side wall. The hollow cavity 6 is connected to the outlet pipe 9 by a connecting pipe 8, and the connection is sealed. Part of the high-temperature gas in the outlet pipe 9 enters the hollow cavity 6 to insulate and preheat the oil-based rock chips inside the feed hopper 25. This part of the high-temperature gas flows from bottom to top. The side wall of the feed hopper 25 is also provided with an outlet 7 for transporting the gas after heat exchange to the outlet pipe 9 again. In this way, the high-temperature gas generated by the jacket heating chamber 12 is further recycled, which can insulate and preheat the oil-based rock chips, ensure the effective fluidity of the oil-based rock chips, and avoid excessive material sticking to the feed hopper 25 and the inner wall of the rotary kiln 1.

[0047] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the present invention in any form. According to the technical essence of the present invention, within the spirit and principles of the present invention, any simple modification, equivalent replacement and improvement made to the above embodiment still falls within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rotary kiln for recovering energy from pyrolysis of oil-based rock cuttings, comprising a rotary kiln (1), characterized in that: The rotary kiln (1) is provided with a jacket heating chamber (12), a knocking mechanism (10) is provided between the outer wall of the rotary kiln (1) and the inner wall of the jacket heating chamber (12), a feed hopper (25) is provided at the feed inlet of the rotary kiln (1), a dust collector (2) is provided at the gas outlet end of the discharge outlet of the rotary kiln (1), the dust collector (2) is connected to a heat exchanger (3), the heat exchanger (3) separates a mixed gas consisting of water vapor and low-boiling-point organic gas and transports it to the jacket heating chamber (12) through a pipeline, the mineral oil condensed by the heat exchanger (3) is transported to an oil storage tank, the organic gas in the mixed gas is burned in the jacket heating chamber (12) and the water vapor in the mixed gas is heated to heat the rotary kiln (1), and the gas outlet pipeline (9) of the jacket heating chamber (12) transports the high-temperature gas after the mixed gas is burned to the knocking mechanism (10) as a power source for knocking the rotary kiln (1); The knocking mechanism (10) comprises a fixed cylinder (18), a piston (21), and a solid knocking ball (14); the upper end of the fixed cylinder (18) is fixedly connected to the top wall of the jacket heating chamber (12); the lower end of the fixed cylinder (18) has a sealing plate (24); the piston (21) is slidably sleeved in the fixed cylinder (18); the piston (21) divides the inner cavity of the fixed cylinder (18) into a first cavity (20) and a second cavity (22) which are independent of each other; the first cavity (20) is located above the second cavity (22); the side wall of the fixed cylinder (18) is connected to an air guide pipe (11) which is connected to the second cavity (22); and an electromagnetic valve (13) is installed on the air guide pipe (11). ), the other end of the air guide pipe (11) is connected to the air outlet pipe (9), a control rod (23) is fixed to the bottom surface of the piston (21), the lower end of the control rod (23) passes through the through hole (15) on the sealing plate (24) and is connected to the knocking ball (14), the knocking ball (14) is located between the fixed cylinder (18) and the rotary kiln (1), the upper part of the control rod (23) is provided with an adjustment section (231) whose diameter is adapted to the inner diameter of the through hole (15), the control rod (23) below the adjustment section (231) is a degassing section (232) whose diameter is smaller than the inner diameter of the through hole (15), when the degassing section (232) passes through the through hole (15), the second cavity (22) is connected to the outside and starts to degas; A return spring (19) is provided in the first cavity (20), one end of the return spring (19) is connected to the top wall of the fixed cylinder (18), and the other end is connected to the top of the piston (21). When the return spring (19) is in a natural state, the striking ball (14) contacts the surface wall of the rotary kiln (1).

2. A rotary kiln for oil-based rock cuttings pyrolysis energy recovery according to claim 1, characterized in that: A mixed gas inlet (4) connected to the heat exchanger (3) is provided at the right end of the jacket heating chamber (12), and a gas outlet pipe (9) is provided at the left end of the jacket heating chamber (12), and the gas outlet pipe (9) transports high-temperature gas to the knocking mechanism (10).

3. A rotary kiln for oil-based rock cuttings pyrolysis energy recovery according to claim 2, characterized in that: The jacketed heating chamber (12) is provided with a plurality of burners (5) located below the rotary kiln (1). The mixed gas separated by the heat exchanger (3) enters the jacketed heating chamber (12) through the mixed gas inlet (4). The mixed gas is fully burned in the flame zone of the burner (5). The organic gas in the mixed gas is converted into high-temperature gas after the combustion reaction and is output through the gas outlet pipe (9). The high-temperature gas contains water vapor and carbon dioxide. The water vapor in the mixed gas is in a gaseous state and does not release latent heat. It only needs a small amount of heat to be heated to a certain temperature and is used as a heating medium to transfer heat to the oil-based rock chips inside through the kiln wall of the rotary kiln (1), so that the oil and water in the oil-based rock chips can evaporate.

4. A rotary kiln for oil-based rock cuttings pyrolysis energy recovery according to claim 2, characterized in that: A plurality of the knocking mechanisms (10) are distributed at intervals along the length direction of the rotary kiln (1), and the plurality of knocking mechanisms (10) share a common air outlet pipe (9).

5. A rotary kiln for oil-based rock cuttings pyrolysis energy recovery according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first sealing ring (16) is fixed in the through hole (15), the control rod (23) passes through the first sealing ring (16), and a second sealing ring (17) is embedded in the circumference of the piston (21).

6. A rotary kiln for oil-based rock cuttings pyrolysis energy recovery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjustment section (231) is composed of a plurality of detachable collars (2310), the plurality of collars (2310) being continuously distributed along the length direction of the control rod (23), the diameter of the collars (2310) being adapted to the inner diameter of the through hole (15), and the length of the adjustment section (231) being extended by increasing the number of collars (2310), thereby extending the time for the air release section (232) to reach the through hole (15), thereby increasing the compression amount of the return spring (19), and thus changing the striking force of the striking ball (14).

7. A rotary kiln for oil-based rock cuttings pyrolysis energy recovery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control rod (23) is a circular rod with external threads, the collar (2310) is a circular ring with internal threads, the control rod (23) is threadedly connected to the striking ball (14), and the collar (2310) is threadedly connected to the control rod (23).

8. The rotary kiln for oil-based rock cuttings pyrolysis energy recovery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side wall of the feed hopper (25) is double-layered, with a hollow cavity (6) formed in the middle of the side wall. The hollow cavity (6) is connected to the gas outlet pipe (9) via a connecting pipe (8). High-temperature gas in the gas outlet pipe (9) enters the hollow cavity (6) to insulate and preheat the oil-based rock cuttings in the feed hopper (25). The side wall of the feed hopper (25) is also provided with a gas outlet (7) for transporting the gas after heat exchange to the gas outlet pipe (9) again.

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