Simulation test device and method for soil arching effect in deep underground space development

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of geotechnical engineering technology, and in particular to a simulation test device and method for soil arching effect in deep underground space development. The test device includes: a bearing mechanism, a first pressurizing mechanism, a second pressurizing mechanism, a movable door, a moving mechanism, a servo control mechanism and a monitoring mechanism. The first pressurizing mechanism is used to simulate high ground stress conditions, the second pressurizing mechanism is used to simulate high water pressure conditions, the movable door is used to move along the height direction of the bearing mechanism; the moving mechanism is used to control the downward movement of the movable door; the servo control mechanism is used to control the bearing mechanism, the first pressurizing mechanism, the second pressurizing mechanism and the moving mechanism; the monitoring mechanism is used to monitor the target soil data during the downward movement of the movable door. The present application integrates the first pressurizing mechanism, the second pressurizing mechanism, the bearing mechanism and the movable door to simulate the soil arching effect of the soil under high ground stress and high water pressure conditions, and can realize intelligent control through the servo control mechanism.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of geotechnical engineering, and in particular to a simulation test device and method for soil arching effect in deep underground space development. Background Art

[0002] During the tunnel excavation process, the surrounding soil is disturbed, loose or damaged. These changes will directly affect the tunnel itself, producing a soil arch effect. In deep underground spaces, tunnels must withstand higher surrounding rock pressure and higher leakage risks. The disturbance and damage to the surrounding soil during construction in this area will have a greater impact on the tunnel. Therefore, it is crucial to explore the impact of soil damage in this area on the tunnel, determine the evolution law of the soil arch effect, further ensure construction safety, and understand the evolution of the soil arch effect of the soil under high ground stress and high water pressure in deep underground spaces.

[0003] The traditional sliding door test simulates soil loosening and squeezing by moving the sliding door up and down to achieve the soil arch effect. However, the existing test equipment cannot simulate the soil arch effect of soil under high ground stress and high water pressure.

[0004] Therefore, the prior art has defects and needs to be improved and developed. Summary of the invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a simulation test device and method for the soil arch effect in deep underground space development in view of the above-mentioned defects of the prior art, aiming to solve the problem that the test devices in the prior art are unable to simulate the soil arch effect of soil under high ground stress and high water pressure conditions.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem is as follows:

[0007] A soil arching effect simulation test device for deep underground space development, wherein the test device comprises:

[0008] A bearing mechanism, used for bearing soil;

[0009] A first pressurizing mechanism is arranged above the bearing mechanism, and is used to simulate high ground stress conditions for the soil body supported by the bearing mechanism;

[0010] a second pressurizing mechanism connected to the bearing mechanism, the second pressurizing mechanism being used to simulate a high water pressure condition for the soil body carried by the bearing mechanism;

[0011] A movable door is arranged through the bottom of the carrying mechanism, and the movable door is used to move along the height direction of the carrying mechanism;

[0012] A moving mechanism connected to the movable door, the moving mechanism being used to control the movement of the movable door;

[0013] A servo control mechanism connected to the bearing mechanism, the first pressurizing mechanism, the second pressurizing mechanism and the moving mechanism, the servo control mechanism being used to control the bearing mechanism, the first pressurizing mechanism, the second pressurizing mechanism and the moving mechanism;

[0014] And a monitoring mechanism is arranged on the upper surface of the movable door, and the monitoring mechanism is used to monitor the target soil data during the downward movement of the movable door.

[0015] In one embodiment of the present application, the carrying mechanism includes:

[0016] A model box, the interior of the model box is used to support soil;

[0017] A cover plate, covering the model box, and used for transmitting the pressure applied by the first pressurizing mechanism to the soil in the bearing mechanism;

[0018] The model box comprises a bottom plate and a side wall connected to the bottom plate, the bottom plate and the cover plate are arranged opposite to each other, and a through groove for accommodating a movable door is provided on the bottom plate;

[0019] Wherein, a plurality of water permeable holes are arranged on the cover plate.

[0020] In one embodiment of the present application, the first pressurizing mechanism includes:

[0021] A reaction frame is arranged above the cover plate, and an output shaft of the reaction frame penetrates the cover plate;

[0022] A loading member connected to the output shaft of the reaction frame, and the loading member is used to apply pressure to the soil in the model box under the drive of the reaction frame;

[0023] Wherein, a first hydraulic oil pump is arranged in the reaction frame, and the first hydraulic oil pump is connected to the servo control mechanism.

[0024] In one embodiment of the present application, the second pressurizing mechanism includes:

[0025] A pressure tank, wherein liquid is stored in the pressure tank and a drain port is provided on the pressure tank;

[0026] A water pipe, one end of which is connected to the drain port, and the other end of which is connected to the water hole on the cover plate;

[0027] and an air compressor connected to the pressure tank, the air compressor is used to compress the air in the pressure tank to pressurize the liquid in the pressure tank, and the pressurized liquid is discharged from the drain port on the pressure tank into the water pipe;

[0028] Wherein, a servo motor is arranged in the air compressor, and the servo motor is connected to the servo control mechanism.

[0029] In one embodiment of the present application, a plurality of movable doors are provided, and each of the movable doors corresponds to a through slot.

[0030] In one embodiment of the present application, the test device also includes: a base; the movable mechanism is configured as a counter-top cylinder, the counter-top cylinder is fixed on the base, the lower end of each of the movable doors is connected to the connecting shaft of the counter-top cylinder, the counter-top cylinder is connected to a second hydraulic oil pump, and the second hydraulic oil pump is connected to the servo control mechanism.

[0031] In one embodiment of the present application, the monitoring mechanism includes:

[0032] A soil pressure sensor is arranged on the upper surface of the movable door, and the soil pressure sensor is used to monitor the soil pressure information of the soil body during the downward movement of the movable door;

[0033] A pore water sensor is arranged on the upper surface of the movable door, and the pore water sensor is used to monitor the pore water pressure information of the soil during the downward movement of the movable door.

[0034] The present application also provides a test method implemented based on the deep underground space development soil arch effect simulation test device as described above, wherein the test method comprises:

[0035] If a high ground stress condition is simulated, the servo control mechanism receives a pressure input value, and controls the fluid flow and pressure in the first hydraulic oil pump in the first pressurizing mechanism based on the pressure input value, so that the first pressurizing mechanism applies the pressure input value to the soil in the bearing mechanism;

[0036] If a high water pressure condition is simulated, the servo control mechanism receives a water pressure input value, and controls a servo motor of an air compressor in the second pressurizing mechanism based on the water pressure input value, so that the second pressurizing mechanism applies the water pressure input value to the soil in the supporting mechanism;

[0037] When high ground stress conditions or high water pressure conditions are formed, the moving mechanism controls the movable door to move downward by a preset distance at a preset speed to achieve soil destruction. At the same time, the monitoring mechanism monitors the target soil data during the downward movement of the movable door.

[0038] In one embodiment of the present application, before the servo control mechanism receives a pressure input value and controls the fluid flow and pressure in the first hydraulic oil pump in the first pressurizing mechanism based on the pressure input value so that the first pressurizing mechanism applies the pressure input value to the soil in the bearing mechanism, the method further includes:

[0039] Turning on the switch of the servo control mechanism and connecting the monitoring mechanism;

[0040] The monitoring data of the monitoring mechanism and the position of the movable door are reset to zero, and when the monitoring mechanism starts to collect data, soil is filled in layers into the model box of the bearing mechanism;

[0041] After the soil filling is completed, the surface of the soil is leveled using a leveler and a scraping tool;

[0042] The cover plate of the bearing mechanism is installed on the model box, and the first pressurizing mechanism is installed on the bearing mechanism. After the installation is completed, the data collection of the monitoring mechanism is ended and the soil is left to stand.

[0043] In one embodiment of the present application, before the servo control mechanism receives the water pressure input value and controls the servo motor of the air compressor in the second pressurizing mechanism based on the water pressure input value so that the second pressurizing mechanism applies the water pressure input value to the soil in the bearing mechanism, the method further includes:

[0044] Determining that the current amount of water in the pressure tank of the second pressurizing mechanism meets a preset water amount range;

[0045] Turning on the switch of the servo control mechanism, turning on the air compressor in the second pressurizing mechanism, and connecting the monitoring mechanism;

[0046] The monitoring data of the monitoring mechanism and the position of the movable door are reset to zero, and when the monitoring mechanism starts to collect data, soil is filled in layers into the model box of the bearing mechanism;

[0047] After the soil is filled, the surface of the soil is leveled using a leveler and a scraping tool. After the soil is leveled, water is added to the model box of the bearing mechanism to a predetermined height.

[0048] The cover plate of the bearing mechanism is mounted on the model box, a water pipe is connected between the pressure tank and the cover plate, and the pressure tank continues to add water to the model box through the water pipe until the model box is full;

[0049] Finish the data collection of the monitoring agency and let the soil stand still.

[0050] The present invention discloses a simulation test device and method for soil arch effect in deep underground space development, the test device comprising: a bearing mechanism for bearing soil; a first pressurizing mechanism arranged above the bearing mechanism, the first pressurizing mechanism being used to simulate high ground stress conditions for the soil carried by the bearing mechanism; a second pressurizing mechanism connected to the bearing mechanism, the second pressurizing mechanism being used to simulate high water pressure conditions for the soil carried by the bearing mechanism; a movable door arranged through the bottom of the bearing mechanism, the movable door being used to move along the height direction of the bearing mechanism; a moving mechanism connected to the movable door, the moving mechanism being used to control the movement of the movable door; a servo control mechanism connected to the bearing mechanism, the first pressurizing mechanism, the second pressurizing mechanism and the moving mechanism, the servo control mechanism being used to control the bearing mechanism, the first pressurizing mechanism, the second pressurizing mechanism and the moving mechanism; and a monitoring mechanism arranged on the upper surface of the movable door, the monitoring mechanism being used to monitor target soil data during the downward movement of the movable door. The present application integrates the first pressurizing mechanism, the second pressurizing mechanism, the bearing mechanism and the movable door, and can carry out a movable door test when the soil is under high ground stress conditions and high water pressure conditions, thereby simulating the soil arch effect of the soil under high ground stress and high water pressure conditions, and can realize intelligent control through a servo control mechanism. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0051] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of a preferred embodiment of a soil arch effect simulation test device for deep underground space development in the present invention.

[0052] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of another embodiment of a soil arch effect simulation test device for deep underground space development in the present invention.

[0053] Figure 3 It is a top view of the connection relationship between the bearing mechanism, the first pressing mechanism and the moving mechanism in the present invention.

[0054] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 Cross-sectional view at AA in the middle.

[0055] Figure 5 yes Figure 3 Cross-sectional view at the middle BB.

[0056] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the movable door in the present invention.

[0057] Figure 7 It is a top view of the movable door in the present invention.

[0058] Figure 8 It is a sectional view of a movable door in the present invention.

[0059] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the upper shell and the lower shell of the movable door in the present invention.

[0060] Fig.10 It is a structural schematic diagram of the lower shell of the movable door in the present invention.

[0061] Description of reference numerals:

[0062] 100, bearing mechanism; 110, model box; 120, cover plate; 200, first pressurizing mechanism; 210, reaction frame; 220, loading member; 230, guide optical axis; 240, guide sealing steel sleeve; 300, second pressurizing mechanism; 310, pressure tank; 320, air compressor; 330, pressure workroom; 400, movable door; 500, moving mechanism; 510, second hydraulic oil pump; 600, servo control mechanism; 610, computer; 620, servo controller; 700, base; 1, upper shell; 11, upper shell body; 111, first connecting hole; 112, anti-leakage frame; 113 , fixing part; 12, first shell connecting part; 2, lower shell; 21, lower shell body; 211, second connecting hole; 212, second limiting hole; 22, second shell connecting part; 3, first piston; 31, first sealing ring; 32, soil pressure sensor; 33, water seepage part; 34, pore water sensor; 35, first drain pipe; 4, second piston; 41, second sealing ring; 42, second drain pipe; 43, third connecting hole; 44, fourth connecting hole; 5, piston connecting part; 6, limiting fitting; 61, first avoidance hole; 62, drainage lead-out hole; 63, first limiting hole; 7, limiting part; 71, pin. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0063] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer and more specific, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0064] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inside", "outside", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention: the terms "first", "first", and "third" are only used for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance; in addition, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0065] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the present invention provides a simulation test device for soil arch effect in deep underground space development, and the test device includes: a bearing mechanism 100, a first pressurizing mechanism 200, a second pressurizing mechanism 300, a movable door 400, a moving mechanism 500, a servo control mechanism 600 and a monitoring mechanism. The bearing mechanism 100 is used to bear soil. The first pressurizing mechanism 200 is arranged above the bearing mechanism 100, and the first pressurizing mechanism 200 is used to simulate high ground stress conditions for the soil carried by the bearing mechanism 100. The second pressurizing mechanism 300 is connected to the bearing mechanism 100, and the second pressurizing mechanism 300 is used to simulate high water pressure conditions for the soil carried by the bearing mechanism 100. The movable door 400 is arranged through the bottom of the bearing mechanism 100, and the movable door 400 is used to move along the height direction of the bearing mechanism 100. The moving mechanism 500 is connected to the movable door 400, and the movable mechanism 500 is used to control the movable door 400 to move downward. The servo control mechanism 600 is connected to the bearing mechanism 100, the first pressurizing mechanism 200, the second pressurizing mechanism 300 and the moving mechanism 500, and the servo control mechanism 600 is used to control the bearing mechanism 100, the first pressurizing mechanism 200, the second pressurizing mechanism 300 and the moving mechanism 500. The monitoring mechanism is arranged on the upper surface of the movable door 400, and the monitoring mechanism is used to monitor the target soil data during the downward movement of the movable door 400.

[0066] The servo control mechanism 600 may include a computer 610 and a servo controller 620 connected to the computer 610. The computer 610 is used to input the set water pressure and stress, and can also monitor the water pressure and stress data. The servo controller 620 is used to control the bearing mechanism 100, the first pressurizing mechanism 200, the second pressurizing mechanism 300 and the moving mechanism 500. The servo controller 620 may be arranged in an electrical cabinet.

[0067] The embodiment of the present application integrates the first pressurizing mechanism 200, the second pressurizing mechanism 300, the bearing mechanism 100 and the movable door 400, so as to be able to test the movable door 400 when the soil is under high ground stress and high water pressure conditions, thereby simulating the soil arch effect of the soil under high ground stress and high water pressure conditions, and realizing intelligent control through the servo control mechanism 600. It is difficult for traditional test devices to realize both high ground stress conditions and high water pressure conditions. In addition, the test device of the present application can also actively input the stress and water pressure to be loaded, and can be freely changed according to different working conditions, without having to wait for the pressure loading to be completed and then passively read the loading pressure size.

[0068] In one embodiment of the present application, the bearing mechanism 100 includes: a model box 110 and a cover plate 120. The interior of the model box 110 is used to bear soil, and the cover plate 120 is covered on the model box 110. The cover plate 120 is used to transfer the pressure applied by the first pressurizing mechanism 200 to the soil in the bearing mechanism 100. The model box 110 includes a bottom plate and a side wall connected to the bottom plate. The bottom plate and the cover plate 120 are arranged opposite to each other, and a through groove for accommodating the movable door 400 is opened on the bottom plate. Among them, the cover plate 120 is provided with a plurality of water permeable holes.

[0069] Specifically, the cover plate 120 covers the upper layer of the model box 110 and is connected to the model box 110 by bolts. The cover plate 120 can transfer the pressure applied by the first pressurizing mechanism 200 to the soil in the model box 110. At the same time, a plurality of water-permeable holes are provided on the surface of the cover plate 120 to facilitate the injection of water into the model box 110.

[0070] In this way, the bottom plate and the side walls of the model box 110 enclose the inner space of the box, and the movable door 400 is inserted into the through groove of the bottom plate.

[0071] The present application simulates soil loosening and squeezing by inserting the movable door 400 into the model box 110 and controlling the movement of the movable door 400.

[0072] In the embodiments of the present application, Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5As shown, the first pressurizing mechanism 200 includes:

[0073] A reaction frame 210 is disposed above the cover plate 120, and an output shaft of the reaction frame 210 penetrates the cover plate 120;

[0074] A loading member 220 connected to the output shaft of the reaction frame 210, and the loading member 220 is used to apply pressure to the soil in the model box 110 driven by the reaction frame 210;

[0075] Wherein, a first hydraulic oil pump is disposed in the reaction frame 210 , and the first hydraulic oil pump is connected to the servo control mechanism 600 .

[0076] Specifically, the first hydraulic oil pump is used to pressurize the reaction frame 210, and the reaction frame 210 is used to load pressure and apply pressure to the soil through the loading member 220. The reaction frame 210 is connected to the model box 110 and the cover plate 120 by bolts, and the reaction frame 210 is located directly above the cover plate 120.

[0077] In addition, the first pressurizing mechanism 200 also includes: a guide light shaft 230 and a guide sealing steel sleeve 240 that are connected to each other, the guide sealing steel sleeve 240 is fixed on the cover plate 120, the guide light shaft 230 is arranged to penetrate the cover plate 120, one end of the guide light shaft 230 is connected to the loader 220, and the guide light shaft 230 is used to guide the loader 220.

[0078] In the embodiment of the present application, the reaction frame 210 pressurizes the cover plate 120 through the first hydraulic oil pump to simulate high ground stress conditions.

[0079] In one embodiment of the present application, the second pressurizing mechanism 300 includes:

[0080] A pressure tank 310, wherein liquid is stored in the pressure tank 310 and a drain port is provided on the pressure tank 310;

[0081] A water pipe, one end of which is connected to the drain port, and the other end of which is connected to the water permeable hole on the cover plate 120;

[0082] and an air compressor 320 connected to the pressure tank 310, the air compressor 320 is used to compress the air in the pressure tank 310 to pressurize the liquid in the pressure tank 310, and the pressurized liquid is discharged from the drain port on the pressure tank 310 to the water pipe;

[0083] The air compressor 320 is provided with a servo motor, and the servo motor is connected to the servo control mechanism 600 .

[0084] Specifically, the air compressor 320 is used to achieve high water pressure regulation. The air compressor 320 and the pressure tank 310 can be arranged in the pressure workshop 330. The pressure tank 310 stores water. The air compressor 320 pressurizes the water in the tank by compressing the air in the pressure tank 310. The pressurized liquid is discharged from the drain port on the pressure tank 310. The water pressurized by the air compressor 320 is discharged from the pressure tank 310, and then injected into the model box 110 through the water pipe and the water permeable hole on the cover plate 120 to simulate the high water pressure condition.

[0085] The present application implements servo control of the servo motor by the servo controller 620 , thereby implementing intelligent control of the air compressor 320 .

[0086] In the embodiment of the present application, the movable door 400 is provided in plurality, and each movable door 400 corresponds to a through slot. The present application provides a plurality of movable doors 400, so that the number of movable doors 400 moving downward can be controlled during the test, thereby controlling the looseness of the soil.

[0087] In one embodiment of the present application, the test device also includes: a base 700; the moving mechanism 500 is configured as a counter-top cylinder, the counter-top cylinder is fixed on the base 700, the lower end of each of the movable doors 400 is connected to the connecting shaft of the counter-top cylinder, the counter-top cylinder is connected to a second hydraulic oil pump 510, and the second hydraulic oil pump 510 is connected to the servo control mechanism 600.

[0088] Specifically, the second hydraulic oil pump 510 is a servo hydraulic oil pump, which is controlled by the servo controller 620 to control the anti-top cylinder, thereby driving the movable door 400 to move downward. The servo hydraulic oil pump is a hydraulic pump driven by a servo motor. Its core advantage is that it can accurately control the rotation speed of the servo hydraulic oil pump according to demand, thereby adjusting the flow and pressure in the hydraulic system. The servo motor in the servo hydraulic oil pump can accurately adjust the output flow and pressure of the servo hydraulic oil pump according to the control signal input by the computer 610. When the signal of the servo controller 620 is transmitted to the anti-top cylinder, the electromagnetic force generated by the anti-top cylinder moves the valve core, thereby changing the opening size of the valve, and then adjusting the flow and pressure of the fluid, thereby adjusting the working state of the servo hydraulic oil pump according to demand. Changes in the signal of the servo controller 620 will cause corresponding changes in the output flow and pressure of the servo hydraulic oil pump.

[0089] The present application implements the servo control of the second hydraulic oil pump 510 by the servo controller 620, thereby realizing the intelligent control of the counter-lift cylinder.

[0090] In the embodiment of the present application, the monitoring mechanism includes:

[0091] A soil pressure sensor is disposed on the upper surface of the movable door 400, and is used to monitor soil pressure information of the soil body during the downward movement of the movable door 400;

[0092] The pore water sensor is disposed on the upper surface of the movable door 400 , and is used to monitor the pore water pressure information of the soil during the downward movement of the movable door 400 .

[0093] Specifically, the soil pressure sensor and pore water sensor used in the test are installed on the upper surface of the movable door 400 to monitor the soil pressure and pore water pressure of the surface soil during the downward movement of the movable door 400 under high ground stress conditions and high water pressure conditions. In other words, the target soil data collected by the soil pressure sensor is the soil pressure, and the target soil data collected by the pore water sensor is the pore water pressure. The soil pressure sensor and the pore water sensor are installed on the upper surface of the movable door 400, and the soil covers the soil pressure sensor and the pore water sensor. When the movable door 400 moves downward, the soil above the movable door 400 loosens, and the soil pressure and pore water pressure change accordingly.

[0094] The embodiments of the present application can accurately reflect the changes in soil pressure by using a soil pressure sensor to monitor soil pressure, and can accurately sense the changes in pore water pressure by using a pore water sensor to monitor pore water pressure.

[0095] In one embodiment, Figure 6 , Figure 8 and Fig. 9 As shown, the movable door 400 specifically includes: an upper shell 1, a lower shell 2, a first piston 3, a second piston 4 and a piston connector 5. A first accommodating space is formed in the upper shell 1, and a first communicating hole 111 is provided at the top of the upper shell 1, and the first communicating hole 111 is communicated with the first accommodating space; the top of the lower shell 2 is connected to the bottom of the upper shell 1, and a second accommodating space is formed in the lower shell 2, and the second accommodating space is communicated with the first accommodating space, and a second communicating hole 211 is provided at the bottom of the lower shell 2, and the second communicating hole 211 is communicated with the second accommodating space; the first piston 3 is slidably arranged in the first accommodating space; the second piston 4 is slidably arranged in the second accommodating space, and the second piston 4 abuts against the bottom wall of the upper shell 1; one end of the piston connector 5 is connected to the first piston 3, and the other end is connected to the second piston 4; the anti-top cylinder is arranged on the side of the second piston 4 away from the first piston 3, and the anti-top cylinder is used to drive the second piston 4 to move. The first piston 3 is connected to the second piston 4 through the piston connector 5, so the anti-top cylinder drives the first piston 3 and the second piston 4 to move simultaneously in the same direction.

[0096] Since the present application simulates stratum destruction under extreme conditions (such as deep sea, deep earth, sudden drop in groundwater, etc.), the top of the first piston 3 will be subjected to high pressure from the upper soil, and the present application adopts a double-section design of the upper shell 1 and the lower shell 2. There are two pistons that rub against the corresponding inner walls of the shell, thereby increasing the overall friction force and making it easier to withstand the high pressure from the upper soil under extreme conditions.

[0097] The upper shell 1 and the lower shell 2 are detachably connected; a seal is provided between the upper shell 1 and the lower shell 2. The pressure and water content of the sand above the first piston 3 are relatively large, and the sand and water may penetrate into the gap between the first piston 3 and the upper shell 1 or flow into the first accommodation space or the second accommodation space through the gap. If the sand enters the gap between the first piston 3 and the upper shell 1, it will hinder the up and down movement of the first piston 3, thereby causing the entire device to fail to work normally, or the infiltration of water will also cause corrosion to the inner wall of the upper shell 1, the structure in the first accommodation space or the structure in the second accommodation space, thereby affecting the normal operation of the device and affecting the service life of the device.

[0098] The present application adopts a double-section design, and the cooperation between the first piston 3 and the upper shell 1 and the cooperation between the second piston 4 and the lower shell 2 always ensures that the test device for simulating formation damage under extreme conditions is in a closed state when working, so that sand and water cannot enter. At the same time, since the upper shell 1 and the lower shell 2 are detachably connected, and the second piston 4 abuts against the bottom wall of the upper shell 1, the cross-sectional area of ​​the lower shell 2 along the longitudinal direction is larger than the cross-sectional area of ​​the upper shell 1 along the longitudinal direction, even if there is water leakage between the upper shell 1 and the first piston 3, the falling water will not fall into the gap between the lower shell 2 and the second piston 4.

[0099] The upper shell 1 includes an upper shell body 11 and a first shell connector 12. The upper shell body 11 is in the shape of a cube, the first accommodating space is arranged in the upper shell body 11, and the first connecting hole is arranged at the top of the upper shell body 11. The first shell connector 12 is arranged around the outer periphery of the upper shell body 11, and the first shell connector 12 is arranged at the outer periphery of the bottom of the upper shell body 11. The lower shell 2 includes a lower shell body 21 and a second shell connector 22. The lower shell body 21 is in the shape of a cube, the second accommodating space is arranged in the lower shell body 21, and the second connecting hole is arranged at the bottom of the lower shell body 21. The second shell connector 22 is arranged around the outer periphery of the lower shell body 21, and the second shell connector 22 is arranged at the outer periphery of the top of the lower shell body 21. The upper shell body 11 and the lower shell body 21 are coaxially arranged, and the area of ​​the radial cross section of the upper shell body 11 is smaller than the area of ​​the radial cross section of the lower shell body 21.

[0100] The first piston 3 can slide up and down along the axial direction of the upper shell body 11, and the second piston 4 can slide up and down along the axial direction of the lower shell body 21. Since the first piston 3 and the second piston 4 are connected by the piston connector 5, the first piston 3 and the second piston 4 can be driven to slide in the same direction at the same time by driving the counter-top cylinder.

[0101] The first piston 3 and the second piston 4 are both flexible polyurethane pistons. The first piston 3 can fit well with the inner wall of the upper shell body 11, and the second piston 4 can fit well with the inner wall of the lower shell body 21, thereby providing a good sealing effect to prevent sand or water from entering the gap between the upper shell body 11 and the first piston 3 and entering the first accommodating space or the second accommodating space through the gap.

[0102] In order to improve the airtightness between the first piston 3 and the second piston 4 , when the first piston 3 and the top surface of the upper shell body 11 are in the same plane, the second piston 4 abuts against the bottom wall of the upper shell body 11 .

[0103] Furthermore, the axial length of the lower shell body 21 is greater than or equal to the axial length of the upper shell body 11 to ensure that when the first piston 3 moves to the connection between the upper shell body 11 and the lower shell body 21 , the second piston 4 will not extend from the second communicating hole 211 .

[0104] The first shell connector 12 and the second shell connector 22 are respectively annular connecting plates, which are respectively fixedly surrounded by the outer circumference of the upper shell body 11 and the lower shell body 21, and the first shell connector 12 and the second shell connector 22 are both provided with threaded through holes, and the first shell connector 12 and the second shell connector 22 are screwed together to realize a double-section design of splicing the upper shell 1 and the lower shell 2.

[0105] During operation, the anti-lift cylinder drives the first piston 3 to move up and down so that the soil above the first piston 3 becomes loose, thereby simulating the loosening of the soil.

[0106] In the present application, the upper shell 1 and the lower shell 2 adopt a spliced ​​double-section design. During the downward movement, the first piston 3 and the second piston 4 rub against the upper shell body 11 and the lower shell body 21 respectively, and the friction force will be greater, making it easier to withstand the high pressure from the upper soil. And because the areas of the axial cross-sections of the upper shell body 11 and the lower shell body 21 are different, the contact position of the lower shell body 21 and the second piston 4 is not directly opposite to the contact position of the upper shell body 11 and the first piston 3. Even if water leakage occurs between the upper shell 1 and the first piston 3, water will not drip into the gap between the lower shell body 21 and the second piston 4, thereby improving the airtightness of the test device simulating formation damage under extreme conditions. The seal is a sealing ring, which is arranged between the first shell connector 12 and the second shell connector 22 to maintain good sealing and fill the gap after bolt connection.

[0107] A fixing member 113 is disposed on the outer surface of the upper shell 1 , and the fixing member 113 is used to fix the movable door on the bottom plate of the model box 110 .

[0108] Specifically, the fixing member 113 is an annular steel ring, and the fixing member 113 is arranged on the outer surface of the upper shell body 11. A plurality of screw holes are arranged at intervals on the fixing member 113, and the fixing member 113 is screwed and fixed to the bottom plate of the model box 110 to be fixedly installed through the screw holes.

[0109] like Figure 8 and Fig. 9 As shown, a first sealing ring 31 is provided on the first piston 3, and a second sealing ring 41 is provided on the second piston 4. The first sealing ring 31 is provided on the periphery where the first piston 3 contacts the inner wall of the upper shell body 11, and the second sealing ring 41 is provided on the periphery where the second piston 4 contacts the inner wall of the lower shell body 21. When the first piston 3 moves up and down along the upper shell body 11 and the second piston 4 moves up and down along the lower shell body 21, the first sealing ring 31 and the second sealing ring 41 can effectively prevent the leakage of sand or water, thereby improving the airtightness of the test device for simulating formation damage under extreme conditions.

[0110] like Figure 6 and Figure 7As shown, the top of the first piston 3 is provided with an anti-leakage frame 112, and the anti-leakage frame 112 is used to prevent sand from squeezing into the gap between the first piston 3 and the upper shell 1. The top periphery of the first piston 3 is provided with an annular mounting groove connected end to end, and the anti-leakage frame 112 is arranged on the bottom of the annular mounting groove, and the upper surface of the anti-leakage frame 112 is flush with the upper surface of the top of the first piston 3. The anti-leakage frame 112 is a metal frame, which is not easy to deform, and effectively prevents the first piston 3 from being squeezed by sand from above, resulting in a large gap between the first piston 3 and the upper shell body 11, so that the sand is counted into the gap between the upper shell body 11 and the first piston 3. In order to facilitate the replacement of the anti-leakage frame 112, the anti-leakage frame 112 is screwed to the bottom of the annular mounting groove.

[0111] like Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, the movable door also includes a middle control component. A soil pressure sensor 32 is provided on the first piston 3. The soil pressure sensor 32 is used to detect soil pressure information exerted on the first piston 3. The soil pressure sensor 32 is electrically connected to the middle control component.

[0112] Specifically, the soil pressure sensor 32 is arranged on the top surface of the first piston 3, and can directly contact the sand above the first piston 3 to obtain the soil pressure information of the sand above the first piston 3 as the first piston 3 moves up and down, and upload the obtained soil pressure information to the central control unit.

[0113] like Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, a pore water sensor 34 is provided on the first piston 3. The pore water sensor 34 is used to detect the pore water pressure information in the sand. The pore water sensor 34 is electrically connected to the central control unit.

[0114] Specifically, the pore water sensor 34 is disposed on the top surface of the first piston 3, and can be in direct contact with the sand above the first piston 3 to monitor the pore water pressure information in the soil, and upload the acquired pore water pressure information to the central control unit.

[0115] The movable door also includes a drainage component, which is arranged on the first piston 3, and the drainage component is used to absorb the water on the first piston 3 and discharge it. Specifically, the drainage component includes a water seepage component 33, a first drainage pipe 35 and a water tank. The water seepage component 33 is a permeable stone, which is a stone material with good permeability and can provide good seepage conditions. There are multiple water seepage components 33, and in the present embodiment, there are three water seepage components 33. Multiple water seepage stones are arranged on the first piston 3 at intervals. A drainage pipe is connected to the bottom of each water seepage stone, and the other end of the drainage pipe is connected to the water tank. The water seeping from the water seepage stone can be collected by the water tank through the drainage pipe.

[0116] like Figure 8 and Fig. 9 As shown, a third accommodating space is formed between the first piston 3, the second piston 4 and the piston connector 5, and a third connecting hole 43 is provided on the second piston 4, and the third connecting hole 43 connects the third accommodating space and the second accommodating space respectively; the first drain pipe 35 is located in the third accommodating space; a fourth connecting hole 44 is provided on the second piston 4, and the fourth connecting hole 44 connects the first accommodating space and the second accommodating space respectively; the test device for simulating formation damage under extreme conditions includes a second drain pipe 42, one end of the second drain pipe 42 is provided on the second piston 4 and connected to the second connecting hole 211, and the other end is connected to the water tank.

[0117] Specifically, the piston connector 5 is in the shape of a rectangular cylinder, one end of the piston connector 5 is connected to the first piston 3, and the other end is connected to the second piston 4. The first piston 3, the second piston 4 and the piston connector 5 together form a third accommodating space, and the first drain pipe 35 is located in the third accommodating space, and extends from the third connecting hole 43 to be connected to the water tank. The third accommodating space can provide an accommodating space for the setting of the first drain pipe 35 and play a protective role. There are at least two fourth connecting holes 44, at least two of which are located outside the third accommodating space, and at least two fourth connecting holes are arranged around the center circumference on the second piston 4. Each fourth connecting hole 44 is directly opposite to the gap between the upper first piston 3 and the upper shell body 11.

[0118] If leakage occurs at the gap between the first piston 3 and the upper shell body 11, water can drip into the fourth connecting hole 44 directly below and be collected by the water tank through the second drain pipe 42, thereby preventing water from gathering in the first storage space and also preventing water from entering the second storage space through the gap between the second piston 4 and the lower shell body 21.

[0119] like Figure 6 , Fig. 9 and Fig.10 As shown, the movable door includes a limiting fitting 6 and a limiting fitting 7. The limiting fitting 6 is arranged on the side of the second piston 4 away from the first piston 3. The limiting fitting 6 is provided with a first limiting hole 63, and the lower shell 2 is provided with a second limiting hole 212. The first limiting hole 63 and the second limiting hole 212 are arranged concentrically. The limiting fitting 7 is screwed with the first limiting hole 63 and the second limiting hole 212 respectively. The limiting fitting 6 passes through the second connecting hole 211 and extends into the second accommodating space, and is arranged directly below the second piston 4. The limiting fitting 6 is screwed with the second piston 4.

[0120] An avoidance space is formed in the limiting fitting 6, and a first avoidance hole 61 is arranged on the top of the limiting fitting 6. The first avoidance hole 61 is connected to the avoidance space, and the first avoidance hole 61 is arranged concentrically with the third connecting hole 43. Multiple first drain pipes 35 can pass through the third connecting hole 43 and the first avoidance hole 61 in sequence to enter the avoidance space.

[0121] The limiting fitting 6 is provided with a plurality of drainage outlet holes 62 , which are connected to the avoidance space. The plurality of first drainage pipes 35 can be led out from the plurality of drainage outlet holes 62 so as to be connected to an external water tank.

[0122] In this embodiment, four drainage outlet holes 62 are provided, and the four drainage outlet holes 62 are respectively provided on the left and right side walls and the front and rear side walls of the position-limiting fitting 6. The four drainage outlet holes 62 are all provided close to the second piston 4.

[0123] The first limiting hole 63 penetrates through the front and rear side walls of the limiting fitting 6, and the second limiting hole 212 is also provided on the front and rear side walls of the lower shell body 21. The two second limiting holes 212 are provided concentrically with the first limiting hole 63.

[0124] The stopper 7 is inserted from the second stopper hole 212 on one side, passes through the first stopper hole 63 and passes out from the second stopper hole 212 on the other side. Thus, the stopper fitting 6 and the lower shell body 21 are fixed together by the stopper 7, so that the first piston 3, the second piston 4 and the connecting member can be prevented from moving up and down, so as to prevent the movable door from moving down during the filling process (filling means covering the experimental soil for the simulation experiment above the first piston 3).

[0125] The limiting member 7 is also provided with a card-connecting through hole, which is provided at one end of the limiting member 7 passing through the second limiting hole 212 on the other side. A card-connecting through hole can be inserted with a card pin 71 to prevent the limiting member 7 from shaking, thereby increasing the overall stability during the filling process.

[0126] The present application also provides a test method based on the deep underground space development soil arch effect simulation test device as described above, the test method comprising:

[0127] If a high ground stress condition is simulated, the servo control mechanism receives a pressure input value, and controls the fluid flow and pressure in the first hydraulic oil pump in the first pressurizing mechanism based on the pressure input value, so that the first pressurizing mechanism applies the pressure input value to the soil in the bearing mechanism;

[0128] If a high water pressure condition is simulated, the servo control mechanism receives a water pressure input value, and controls a servo motor of an air compressor in the second pressurizing mechanism based on the water pressure input value, so that the second pressurizing mechanism applies the water pressure input value to the soil in the supporting mechanism;

[0129] When high ground stress conditions or high water pressure conditions are formed, the moving mechanism controls the movable door to move downward by a preset distance at a preset speed to achieve soil destruction. At the same time, the monitoring mechanism monitors the target soil data during the downward movement of the movable door.

[0130] Specifically, in the simulation of high ground stress conditions, the pressure applied by the reaction frame, that is, the pressure input value, is input into the computer, and the control signal will act on the first hydraulic oil pump. After the drive motor of the first hydraulic oil pump receives the control signal, the fluid flow and pressure in the first hydraulic oil pump will change, which will cause the pressure of the hydraulic system of the first hydraulic oil pump to change, so that the pressure applied by the reaction frame to the cover plate on the model box satisfies the pressure input value.

[0131] In the simulation of high water pressure conditions, the pressure applied by the air compressor to the water in the pressure tank, that is, the water pressure input value, is input into the computer. This control signal acts on the servo motor of the air compressor, and the speed of the motor rotor changes, so that the pressure applied by the air compressor meets the water pressure input value.

[0132] In the simulation of high ground stress, the embodiment of the present application inputs a preset pressure input value through a computer, controls the reaction frame to move downward, applies pressure to the cover plate, and the pressure acts on the soil in the model box; in the simulation of high water pressure conditions, the preset water pressure input value is input through a computer, controls the air compressor to work, makes the pressure in the pressure tank reach a preset value, and then discharges the water in the pressure tank and transports it to the model box through a water pipe inserted into the water permeable hole of the cover plate. The air compressor keeps working during the whole process and makes the pressure in the pressure tank always meet the specified value. After the high ground stress or high water pressure conditions are formed, the anti-top cylinder is controlled to move the movable door downward to achieve soil destruction.

[0133] In one embodiment of the present application, before the servo control mechanism receives a pressure input value and controls the fluid flow and pressure in the first hydraulic oil pump in the first pressurizing mechanism based on the pressure input value so that the first pressurizing mechanism applies the pressure input value to the soil in the bearing mechanism, the method further includes:

[0134] Turning on the switch of the servo control mechanism and connecting the monitoring mechanism;

[0135] The monitoring data of the monitoring mechanism and the position of the movable door are reset to zero, and when the monitoring mechanism starts to collect data, soil is filled in layers into the model box of the bearing mechanism;

[0136] After the soil filling is completed, the surface of the soil is leveled using a leveler and a scraping tool;

[0137] The cover plate of the bearing mechanism is installed on the model box, and the first pressurizing mechanism is installed on the bearing mechanism. After the installation is completed, the data collection of the monitoring mechanism is ended and the soil is left to stand.

[0138] For the simulation of high geostress conditions, the specific steps are as follows:

[0139] Step A1, determining first scheme information of a high ground stress condition simulation test, wherein the first scheme information includes a pressure input value of a reaction frame, a moving door downward movement amount, a moving door downward movement distance, and a moving door downward movement speed, etc.;

[0140] Step A2: before preparing the sample, turn on the servo controller switch, connect the soil pressure sensor, check the latch of the movable door, and check the connecting bolts between the movable door and the servo controller;

[0141] Step A3: Before filling the soil, reset the soil pressure sensor to zero and the position of the movable door to zero, and then fill the soil in layers after the soil pressure sensor starts collecting data;

[0142] Step A4: After filling, the soil surface is leveled using a leveler and a scraping tool;

[0143] Step A5: Operate the truss to hoist the cover plate, align it, and install the screws between the cover plate and the model box;

[0144] Step A6: After the cover plate is installed, install the reaction frame on the control truss, align and install the connecting screws between the reaction frame and the model box, and install the screws between the reaction frame and the cover plate;

[0145] Step A7, ending data collection of the soil pressure sensor and leaving the soil still;

[0146] Step A8, installing light-blocking curtain, fill light and camera;

[0147] Step A9, prepare the movable door to move down, check whether the servo controller is online before the movable door moves down, remove the movable door latch, the soil pressure sensor starts collecting, and check whether the camera is connected;

[0148] Step A10, start the first hydraulic oil pump of the reaction frame, wait for two minutes and then input the pressure input value of this test, wait for the pressure loading to be completed, observe that there is no obvious change in the reading of the soil pressure sensor, then end the collection and save the data;

[0149] Step A11, start collecting soil pressure sensor data again, start shooting with the camera, check again whether the latch of the movable door is removed, and after confirmation, control the movable door to move down a preset distance at a preset speed;

[0150] Step A12: After the movable door moves down a preset distance, the data collection of the earth pressure sensor is terminated, the camera shooting is terminated, and the sensor data and camera photos are checked to see whether they have been collected;

[0151] Step A13, remove the screws between the reaction frame and the cover plate and the model box, control the truss to be lifted off the reaction frame, remove the screws between the cover plate and the model box, and control the truss to be lifted off the cover plate;

[0152] Step A14: Cover the screw holes on the model box with a straight board to prevent sand from entering, and remove all soil from the model box;

[0153] Step A15: After the soil in the model box is cleaned, the movable door displacement is controlled to return to zero, the movable door latch is inserted, the servo controller is turned off, and the soil pressure sensor is turned off;

[0154] Step A16: The test is completed.

[0155] In the embodiment of the present application, the servo control mechanism receives the water pressure input value, and controls the servo motor of the air compressor in the second pressurizing mechanism based on the water pressure input value so that the second pressurizing mechanism applies the water pressure input value to the soil in the bearing mechanism, and also includes:

[0156] Determining that the current amount of water in the pressure tank of the second pressurizing mechanism meets a preset water amount range;

[0157] Turning on the switch of the servo control mechanism, turning on the air compressor in the second pressurizing mechanism, and connecting the monitoring mechanism;

[0158] The monitoring data of the monitoring mechanism and the position of the movable door are reset to zero, and when the monitoring mechanism starts to collect data, soil is filled in layers into the model box of the bearing mechanism;

[0159] After the soil is filled, the surface of the soil is leveled using a leveler and a scraping tool. After the soil is leveled, water is added to the model box of the bearing mechanism to a predetermined height.

[0160] The cover plate of the bearing mechanism is mounted on the model box, a water pipe is connected between the pressure tank and the cover plate, and the pressure tank continues to add water to the model box through the water pipe until the model box is full;

[0161] Finish the data collection of the monitoring agency and let the soil stand still.

[0162] For the simulation of high water pressure conditions, the specific steps are as follows:

[0163] Step B1, determining the second scheme information of the high water pressure condition simulation test, wherein the second scheme information includes: water pressure input value, movable door downward movement amount, movable door downward movement distance, movable door downward movement speed, etc.;

[0164] Step B2: Before preparing the sample, check whether the water level in the pressure tank has reached 2 / 3. If the water level is insufficient, add water;

[0165] Step B3: After the water storage is completed, turn on the servo controller switch, turn on the air compressor, connect the soil pressure sensor and the pore water sensor, check the movable door latch, and check the connecting bolts between the movable door and the servo controller;

[0166] Step B4: before filling the soil, reset the soil pressure sensor and the pore water sensor to zero, reset the position of the movable door to zero, and fill the soil in layers after the soil pressure sensor and the pore water sensor start collecting data;

[0167] Step B5: After filling, the soil surface is leveled using a leveler and a scraping tool. After leveling, water is added to the model box until it is close to the top of the model box;

[0168] Step B6, operate the truss to hoist the cover plate, align it and install the screws between the cover plate and the model box. After the cover plate is installed, connect the water pipe and continue to add water until the model box is full. After the water is filled, connect the cover plate and the pressure tank;

[0169] Step B7, ending data collection of the pore water sensor and leaving the soil body still;

[0170] Step B8, installing light-blocking curtain, fill light, and camera;

[0171] Step B9, prepare the movable door to move down. Before the movable door moves down, check whether the servo controller and the air compressor are online, remove the movable door latch, start collecting soil pressure sensors and pore water sensors, and check whether the camera is connected;

[0172] Step B10, start the oil pump of the servo motor in the air compressor, wait for two minutes and then input the water pressure input value of this test. The water pressure loading needs to be increased gradually. After the water pressure loading is completed and the indications of the soil pressure sensor and the pore water sensor are observed to have no obvious changes, the collection is ended and the data is saved;

[0173] Step B11, start collecting sensor data again, start shooting with the camera, check again whether the latch of the downward movable door is removed, and after confirmation, control the movable door to move downward by a preset distance at a preset speed;

[0174] Step B12: After the movable door moves down a preset distance, the data collection of the soil pressure sensor and the pore water sensor is terminated, the camera shooting is terminated, and the sensor data and the camera photos are checked to see whether they have been collected;

[0175] Step B13, dismantle the connection between the cover plate and the water pipe, dismantle the screw connection between the cover plate and the model box, and control the truss to lift off the cover plate;

[0176] Step B14, cover the screw holes on the model box with a straight board to prevent sand from entering, and remove all the soil in the model box;

[0177] Step B15, after the soil in the model box is cleaned, the movable door displacement is controlled to return to zero, the movable door latch is inserted, the servo controller is turned off, the pressure tank is turned off, the air compressor is turned off, and the pore water sensor is turned off;

[0178] Step B16: The test is completed.

[0179] The embodiment of the present application can be used to simulate the stratum damage caused by high ground stress conditions and high water pressure conditions under extreme conditions in the laboratory, and derive the damage mechanism of the soil under high ground stress conditions and high water pressure conditions, which is simple and intuitive. By connecting the computer with the first pressurizing mechanism and the second pressurizing mechanism, different preset pressures can be applied to the soil, which can meet the needs of different working conditions.

[0180] The embodiment of the present application integrates the first pressurizing mechanism, the second pressurizing mechanism, the bearing mechanism and the movable door, and can perform a movable door test when the soil is under high ground stress and high water pressure conditions, so as to simulate the soil arch effect of the soil under high ground stress and high water pressure conditions, and can pre-set the pressure applied by the first pressurizing mechanism and the second pressurizing mechanism, and realize intelligent control through the servo control mechanism. In addition, the present application can also couple the high ground stress condition and the high water pressure condition and act on the soil at the same time.

[0181] The present invention provides a simulation test device and method for soil arch effect in deep underground space development, the test device comprising: a bearing mechanism for bearing soil; a first pressurizing mechanism arranged above the bearing mechanism, the first pressurizing mechanism being used to simulate high ground stress conditions for the soil carried by the bearing mechanism; a second pressurizing mechanism connected to the bearing mechanism, the second pressurizing mechanism being used to simulate high water pressure conditions for the soil carried by the bearing mechanism; a movable door arranged through the bottom of the bearing mechanism, the movable door being used to move along the height direction of the bearing mechanism; a moving mechanism connected to the movable door, the moving mechanism being used to control the movement of the movable door; a servo control mechanism connected to the bearing mechanism, the first pressurizing mechanism, the second pressurizing mechanism and the moving mechanism, the servo control mechanism being used to control the bearing mechanism, the first pressurizing mechanism, the second pressurizing mechanism and the moving mechanism; and a monitoring mechanism arranged on the upper surface of the movable door, the monitoring mechanism being used to monitor target soil data during the downward movement of the movable door. The present application integrates the first pressurizing mechanism, the second pressurizing mechanism, the bearing mechanism and the movable door, and can carry out a movable door test when the soil is under high ground stress conditions and high water pressure conditions, thereby simulating the soil arch effect of the soil under high ground stress and high water pressure conditions, and can realize intelligent control through a servo control mechanism.

[0182] It should be understood that the application of the present invention is not limited to the above examples. For ordinary technicians in this field, improvements or changes can be made based on the above description. All these improvements and changes should fall within the scope of protection of the claims attached to the present invention.

Claims

1. A simulation test device for soil arching effect in deep underground space development, characterized in that: The test device comprises: A bearing mechanism, used for bearing soil; A first pressurizing mechanism is arranged above the bearing mechanism, and is used to simulate high ground stress conditions for the soil body supported by the bearing mechanism; a second pressurizing mechanism connected to the bearing mechanism, the second pressurizing mechanism being used to simulate a high water pressure condition for the soil body carried by the bearing mechanism; A movable door is arranged through the bottom of the carrying mechanism, and the movable door is used to move along the height direction of the carrying mechanism; A moving mechanism connected to the movable door, the moving mechanism being used to control the movement of the movable door; A servo control mechanism connected to the bearing mechanism, the first pressurizing mechanism, the second pressurizing mechanism and the moving mechanism, the servo control mechanism being used to control the bearing mechanism, the first pressurizing mechanism, the second pressurizing mechanism and the moving mechanism; and a monitoring mechanism, which is arranged on the upper surface of the movable door, and is used to monitor the target soil data during the downward movement of the movable door; The carrying mechanism comprises: A model box, the interior of the model box is used to support soil; A cover plate, covering the model box, and used for transmitting the pressure applied by the first pressurizing mechanism to the soil in the bearing mechanism; The model box comprises a bottom plate and a side wall connected to the bottom plate, the bottom plate and the cover plate are arranged opposite to each other, and a through groove for accommodating a movable door is provided on the bottom plate; Wherein, the cover plate is provided with a plurality of water-permeable holes; The first pressurizing mechanism comprises: A reaction frame is arranged above the cover plate, and an output shaft of the reaction frame penetrates the cover plate; A loading member connected to the output shaft of the reaction frame, and the loading member is used to apply pressure to the soil in the model box under the drive of the reaction frame; Wherein, a first hydraulic oil pump is provided in the reaction frame, and the first hydraulic oil pump is connected to the servo control mechanism; The second pressurizing mechanism comprises: A pressure tank, wherein liquid is stored in the pressure tank and a drain port is provided on the pressure tank; A water pipe, one end of which is connected to the drain port, and the other end of which is connected to the water hole on the cover plate; and an air compressor connected to the pressure tank, the air compressor is used to compress the air in the pressure tank to pressurize the liquid in the pressure tank, and the pressurized liquid is discharged from the drain port on the pressure tank into the water pipe; Wherein, a servo motor is provided in the air compressor, and the servo motor is connected to the servo control mechanism; The test device further comprises: a base; the moving mechanism is configured as a counter-top cylinder, the counter-top cylinder is fixed on the base, the lower end of each of the movable doors is connected to the connecting shaft of the counter-top cylinder, the counter-top cylinder is connected to a second hydraulic oil pump, and the second hydraulic oil pump is connected to the servo control mechanism; The monitoring agencies include: A soil pressure sensor is arranged on the upper surface of the movable door, and the soil pressure sensor is used to monitor the soil pressure information of the soil body during the downward movement of the movable door; A pore water sensor is arranged on the upper surface of the movable door, and the pore water sensor is used to monitor the pore water pressure information of the soil during the downward movement of the movable door.

2. The deep underground space development soil arch effect simulation test device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: There are multiple movable doors, and each movable door corresponds to a through slot.

3. A test method based on the deep underground space development soil arch effect simulation test device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that: The test method includes: If a high ground stress condition is simulated, the servo control mechanism receives a pressure input value, and controls the fluid flow and pressure in the first hydraulic oil pump in the first pressurizing mechanism based on the pressure input value, so that the first pressurizing mechanism applies the pressure input value to the soil in the bearing mechanism; If a high water pressure condition is simulated, the servo control mechanism receives a water pressure input value, and controls a servo motor of an air compressor in the second pressurizing mechanism based on the water pressure input value, so that the second pressurizing mechanism applies the water pressure input value to the soil in the supporting mechanism; When high ground stress conditions or high water pressure conditions are formed, the moving mechanism controls the movable door to move downward by a preset distance at a preset speed to achieve soil destruction. At the same time, the monitoring mechanism monitors the target soil data during the downward movement of the movable door.

4. The test method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The servo control mechanism receives the pressure input value, and controls the fluid flow and pressure in the first hydraulic oil pump in the first pressurizing mechanism based on the pressure input value so that the first pressurizing mechanism applies the pressure input value to the soil in the bearing mechanism, and also includes: Turning on the switch of the servo control mechanism and connecting the monitoring mechanism; The monitoring data of the monitoring mechanism and the position of the movable door are reset to zero, and when the monitoring mechanism starts to collect data, soil is filled in layers into the model box of the bearing mechanism; After the soil filling is completed, the surface of the soil is leveled using a leveler and a scraping tool; The cover plate of the bearing mechanism is installed on the model box, and the first pressurizing mechanism is installed on the bearing mechanism. After the installation is completed, the data collection of the monitoring mechanism is ended and the soil is left to stand.

5. The test method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The servo control mechanism receives the water pressure input value, and controls the servo motor of the air compressor in the second pressurizing mechanism based on the water pressure input value so that the second pressurizing mechanism applies the water pressure input value to the soil in the bearing mechanism, and also includes: Determining that the current amount of water in the pressure tank of the second pressurizing mechanism meets a preset water amount range; Turning on the switch of the servo control mechanism, turning on the air compressor in the second pressurizing mechanism, and connecting the monitoring mechanism; The monitoring data of the monitoring mechanism and the position of the movable door are reset to zero, and when the monitoring mechanism starts to collect data, soil is filled in layers into the model box of the bearing mechanism; After the soil is filled, the surface of the soil is leveled using a leveler and a scraping tool. After the soil is leveled, water is added to the model box of the bearing mechanism to a predetermined height. The cover plate of the bearing mechanism is mounted on the model box, a water pipe is connected between the pressure tank and the cover plate, and the pressure tank continues to add water to the model box through the water pipe until the model box is full; Finish the data collection of the monitoring agency and let the soil stand still.

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