A method for the construction of high-standard farmland and the reduction of pollution and carbon fixation

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of high-standard farmland, and discloses a method for constructing high-standard farmland and reducing pollution and sequestering carbon. The method includes: constructing a time boundary and a spatial boundary for carbon accounting for the high-standard farmland; obtaining the total carbon emissions and the total carbon sink of the high-standard farmland within the time boundary and the spatial boundary, and calculating the difference between the two to obtain the carbon calculation amount of the high-standard farmland; the steps for obtaining the planting emissions are as follows: first, deploy flux boxes at each sampling point in the planting area or breeding area to be monitored; secondly, obtain the planting sub-emissions of each sampling point based on the flux box method, and sum up the various planting sub-emissions to obtain the planting emissions; the above steps are cyclically executed to realize the construction of high-standard farmland. The present invention comprehensively considers from the perspective of good ecology to realize the construction of high-standard farmland.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of high-standard farmland, and specifically relates to a method for the construction of high-standard farmland and pollution reduction and carbon sequestration. Background Art

[0002] High-standard farmland refers to cultivated land designated as permanent basic farmland, which is combined with modern agricultural production technology and has the production advantages of drought and flood protection, high and stable yields.

[0003] In the prior art, the construction of high-standard farmland is mainly carried out from the following aspects: improving the soil, such as improving the land flatness, adding lime, sodium phosphate and other modifiers to the soil to improve soil fertility, so as to improve food safety. Improving the supporting irrigation system, such as realizing an integrated irrigation system for sewage treatment, rainwater collection, black water digestion and automatic irrigation, so as to improve the irrigation capacity in water-scarce areas. Improving agricultural machinery facilities, such as designing an irrigation machine that can control the water volume during irrigation, and a soil improvement and repair device that can realize the integrated operation of deep plowing, uniform fertilization and leveling and trenching.

[0004] However, in the above-mentioned existing high-standard farmland construction process, most considerations are given to improving agricultural yields or food planting safety, but the requirement of "good ecology" in high-standard farmland construction is ignored, resulting in certain technical bottlenecks in the realization of high-standard farmland construction. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for the construction of high-standard farmland and pollution reduction and carbon sequestration, so as to solve the technical problem of ignoring the ecological construction requirements in the existing high-standard farmland construction process.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention proposes the following technical solutions:

[0007] In a first aspect, the present technical solution provides a method for the construction of high-standard farmland and pollution reduction and carbon sequestration, including:

[0008] Constructing a time boundary and a space boundary for carbon accounting for the high-standard farmland; wherein, the space boundary includes: a land consolidation area, a planting area, a breeding area, an irrigation and drainage area, and a buffer area; the time boundary is a preset period starting from the starting time point of planting; wherein, the planting area includes rice, and the breeding area includes aquatic plants and shellfish;

[0009] Obtaining the total carbon emission and the total carbon sink of the high-standard farmland within the time boundary and the space boundary, and calculating the difference between the two to obtain the carbon calculation amount of the high-standard farmland;

[0010] Among them, the total carbon emissions are the sum of various carbon emissions, and various carbon emissions include: agricultural machinery emissions, disturbance emissions, planting emissions, and electricity consumption emissions;

[0011] The steps for obtaining the agricultural machinery emissions are as follows: First, obtain the power, working hours, and fuel consumption rate of the agricultural machinery equipment to calculate the actual consumption; Second, obtain the carbon emission factor of the fuel in the agricultural machinery equipment; Then, based on the actual consumption and the carbon emission factor, obtain the agricultural machinery emissions;

[0012] The steps for obtaining the disturbance emissions are as follows: First, obtain the organic carbon content, soil texture parameters, and humidity parameters in the soil before land leveling; Second, input each parameter into the DNDC model to estimate the disturbance emissions;

[0013] The steps for obtaining the planting emissions are as follows: First, deploy flux boxes at each sampling point in the planting area or breeding area to be monitored; Second, obtain the planting sub-emissions at each sampling point based on the flux box method, and sum up the various planting sub-emissions to obtain the planting emissions;

[0014] The steps for obtaining the electricity consumption emissions are as follows: First, obtain the power generation of non-clean energy power generation and the average carbon dioxide emission factor of power supply in the region; Second, based on the power generation and the average carbon dioxide emission factor of power supply, obtain the electricity consumption emissions;

[0015] Among them, the total carbon sink is the sum of various carbon sinks, and various carbon sinks include: carbon sequestration by shellfish farming, carbon sequestration by aquatic plants, and soil carbon sequestration;

[0016] The carbon sequestration by shellfish farming is: ; Among them, ρ i is the farming density of the i-th type of shellfish, v i is the growth rate of the i-th type of shellfish, c i is the individual carbon content of the i-th type of shellfish, t i is the farming cycle of the i-th type of shellfish, s i is the farming area of the i-th type of shellfish; Among them, where, , ; Among them, cb i is the individual carbon content of the shell of the i-th type of shellfish, cz i is the individual soft tissue carbon content of the i-th type of shellfish, p i is the individual wet weight of the i-th type of shellfish,k i The conversion coefficient between the individual wet weight and the individual dry weight of the i-th type of shellfish r i is the proportion of the dry shell mass of the i-th type of shellfish in the dry weight cf i is the carbon content ratio of the i-th type of shellfish in the dry shell mass is the proportion of the dry soft tissue mass of the i-th type of shellfish in the dry weight is the carbon content ratio of the i-th type of shellfish in the dry soft tissue mass;

[0017] The carbon sequestration amount of the aquatic plants is as follows: ; where W pij is the wet weight of the j-th type of aquatic plant harvested for the i-th time R pj is the solid content rate of the j-th type of aquatic plant R cpj is the carbon content rate of the j-th type of aquatic plant calculated by dry weight, and Mco2 / Mc is the conversion coefficient between carbon dioxide and carbon;

[0018] The carbon sequestration amount of the soil is as follows: ; where, under the accounting time boundary limit, SOC T is the soil organic carbon amount at the end time point, SOC0 is the soil organic carbon amount at the start time point, Mco2 / Mc is the conversion coefficient between carbon dioxide and carbon, and T is the accounting period; the soil organic carbon content at any time point i within the accounting time boundary is ; where, γ i is the soil capacity at time point i, H is the soil tillage layer depth, A is the area within the spatial boundary, OM i is the organic matter content of the tillage layer soil at time point i, a1 is the conversion coefficient between soil organic carbon and soil organic matter, and a2 is the unit conversion coefficient;

[0019] Adjust the rice planting area in the planting area of the high-standard farmland, the types of shellfish farming, the shellfish farming density, the shellfish farming area, the types of aquatic plants, the aquatic plant density, and the aquatic plant area in the farming area with reference to the preset target carbon calculation amount to adjust the carbon sequestration amount, and optimize the circular process among rice, shellfish and aquatic plants;

[0020] Loop through the above steps to continuously construct the high-standard farmland and reduce pollution and sequester carbon.

[0021] Furthermore, it includes:

[0022] Adopt an irrigation strategy of mid-season field baking or intermittent irrigation for the planting area during the current planting cycle;

[0023] Among them, the mid-term field drying includes: First, flooding after transplanting; Second, drying the field at the end of tillering, and then, maintaining the flooded state until a preset period before harvest after re-flooding; The intermittent irrigation includes: First, flooding after transplanting; Second, drying the field at the end of tillering; Then, adopting an irrigation method of alternating wet and dry until a preset period before harvest after re-flooding;

[0024] When the planting seed emissions in any planting area are greater than the preset planting seed emission threshold, it is determined that the corresponding planting area is in an anaerobic environment;

[0025] In the next planting cycle, adjust the duration of each step in the mid-term field drying strategy or the intermittent irrigation strategy in the corresponding planting area.

[0026] Furthermore, it includes:

[0027] Obtain crop straws, aquatic plant branches, and several regulating components; Among them, the regulating components include: nitrogen-containing substances, pH regulating substances, phosphorus-containing substances, and aeration-improving substances;

[0028] Mix the straws, the aquatic plant branches, and the several regulating components in a preset ratio to obtain a biomass fertilizer; Among them, the proportion of the straws and the aquatic plant branches is 50% - 80%, and the proportion of the several regulating components is 20% - 50%;

[0029] Use the biomass fertilizer as the target fertilizer for the planting area.

[0030] Furthermore, before constructing the time boundary and space boundary for carbon accounting of high-standard farmland, it includes:

[0031] At the initial stage of high-standard farmland construction, calculate the total pre-construction carbon emissions of all construction projects, and add biomass carbon to the soil to neutralize the total pre-construction carbon emissions;

[0032] Among them, the construction projects include land leveling, canal construction, ecological ditch construction, and ecological pond construction.

[0033] Furthermore, the emission substances corresponding to the agricultural machinery emissions, the disturbance emissions, and the electricity consumption emissions are carbon dioxide, and the emission substances corresponding to the planting emissions are methane and nitrous oxide.

[0034] Furthermore, it includes:

[0035] Construct a three-dimensional geographical model consistent with the distribution of each actual area within the space boundary;

[0036] Obtain the carbon emissions and carbon sinks in each actual area and display them in real time in the corresponding model area in the three-dimensional geographical model;

[0037] Among them, when it is determined that any carbon emission is greater than a preset carbon emission threshold, the corresponding model area is displayed differently.

[0038] In a second aspect, the present technical solution provides a system for high-standard farmland construction and pollution reduction and carbon sequestration, including:

[0039] A boundary construction module for constructing a time boundary and a space boundary for carbon accounting for high-standard farmland; among them, the space boundary includes: a land consolidation area, a planting area, a breeding area, an irrigation and drainage area, and a buffer area; the time boundary is a preset time period starting from the planting start time point; among them, the planting area includes rice, and the breeding area includes aquatic plants and shellfish;

[0040] A data acquisition module for acquiring the total carbon emission and the total carbon sink of high-standard farmland within the time boundary and the space boundary, and calculating the difference between the two to obtain the carbon calculation amount of high-standard farmland;

[0041] Among them, the total carbon emission is the sum of various carbon emissions, and various carbon emissions include: agricultural machinery emissions, disturbance emissions, planting emissions, and electricity consumption emissions;

[0042] The steps for obtaining the agricultural machinery emissions are as follows: First, obtain the power, working hours, and fuel consumption rate of the agricultural machinery equipment to calculate the actual consumption; second, obtain the carbon emission factor of the fuel in the agricultural machinery equipment; then, based on the actual consumption and the carbon emission factor, obtain the agricultural machinery emissions;

[0043] The steps for obtaining the disturbance emissions are as follows: First, obtain the organic carbon content, soil texture parameters, and humidity parameters in the soil before land leveling; second, input each parameter into the DNDC model to estimate the disturbance emissions;

[0044] The steps for obtaining the planting emissions are as follows: First, deploy flux boxes at each sampling point in the planting area or breeding area to be monitored; second, obtain the planting sub-emissions at each sampling point based on the flux box method, and sum up the various planting sub-emissions to obtain the planting emissions;

[0045] The steps for obtaining the electricity consumption emissions are as follows: First, obtain the power generation of non-clean energy power generation and the average carbon dioxide emission factor of power supply in the region; second, based on the power generation and the average carbon dioxide emission factor of power supply, obtain the electricity consumption emissions;

[0046] Among them, the total carbon sink is the sum of various carbon sinks, and various carbon sinks include: carbon sequestration amount of shellfish breeding, carbon sequestration amount of aquatic plants, and carbon sequestration amount of soil;

[0047] The carbon sequestration amount of shellfish breeding is: ; where ρ i is the cultivation density of the i-th type of shellfish, v i is the growth rate of the i-th type of shellfish, c i is the individual carbon content of the i-th type of shellfish, t i is the cultivation cycle of the i-th type of shellfish, s i is the cultivation area of the i-th type of shellfish; where , where , ; where cb i is the carbon content in the shell of the individual of the i-th type of shellfish, cz i is the carbon content in the soft tissue of the individual of the i-th type of shellfish, p i is the individual wet weight of the i-th type of shellfish, k i is the conversion coefficient between the individual wet weight and the individual dry weight of the i-th type of shellfish, r i is the proportion of the dry mass of the shell in the dry weight of the i-th type of shellfish, cf i is the carbon proportion in the dry mass of the shell of the i-th type of shellfish, is the proportion of the dry mass of the soft tissue in the dry weight of the i-th type of shellfish, is the carbon proportion in the dry mass of the soft tissue of the i-th type of shellfish;

[0048] The carbon sequestration of the aquatic plants is: ; where W pij is the wet weight of the j-th type of aquatic plant harvested for the i-th time, R pj is the solid content rate of the j-th type of aquatic plant, R cpj is the carbon content rate by dry weight of the j-th type of aquatic plant, Mco2 / Mc is the conversion coefficient between carbon dioxide and carbon;

[0049] The carbon sequestration of the soil is: ; where, under the accounting time boundary limit, SOC T is the soil organic carbon content at the end time point, SOC0 is the soil organic carbon content at the start time point, Mco2 / Mc is the conversion coefficient between carbon dioxide and carbon, T is the accounting period; the soil organic carbon content at any time point i within the accounting time boundary is: ; where γ iThe soil capacity at time point i, H is the depth of the cultivated soil layer, A is the area of the region within the spatial boundary, OM i is the content of soil organic matter in the cultivated soil layer at time point i, a1 is the conversion coefficient of soil organic carbon to soil organic matter, and a2 is the unit conversion coefficient;

[0050] An optimization and adjustment module for adjusting the rice planting area, the types of shellfish farming, the shellfish farming density, the shellfish farming area, the types of aquatic plants, the aquatic plant density, and the aquatic plant area in the planting area of the high-standard farmland with a preset target carbon calculation amount as a reference to adjust the carbon sequestration amount, and optimize the circular process among rice, shellfish and aquatic plants;

[0051] A loop execution module for loop-executing the above steps to continuously construct the high-standard farmland and reduce pollution and sequester carbon.

[0052] Furthermore, it includes:

[0053] A model construction module for constructing a three-dimensional geographical model consistent with the distribution of each actual region within the spatial boundary;

[0054] A data display module for obtaining the carbon emissions and carbon sinks in each actual region and displaying them in real time in the corresponding model region in the three-dimensional geographical model;

[0055] Among them, when it is determined that any carbon emission is greater than a preset carbon emission threshold, the corresponding model region is displayed differently.

[0056] Beneficial effects:

[0057] As can be seen from the above technical solutions, the technical solution of the present invention provides a method for constructing high-standard farmland and reducing pollution and sequestering carbon to improve the technical defect of neglecting ecological construction in the existing high-standard farmland construction process.

[0058] First, the technical solution defines the spatial and temporal boundaries of accounting to facilitate the accurate quantification of carbon sources and sinks within this range, providing a basic framework for the comprehensive implementation of carbon monitoring. Second, various carbon emissions and carbon reserves generated throughout the project's life cycle are considered to improve the accuracy of carbon calculations. Specifically, when calculating the total carbon emissions, from the perspective of the temporal boundary, it is considered that during the land leveling process, operations such as excavation disturb the soil, causing the organic carbon within it to decompose more rapidly and release carbon dioxide; thus, the corresponding disturbance emissions are introduced. At the same time, considering the greenhouse gas emissions caused by the use of various mechanical equipment, changes in the planting environment, and carbon emissions caused by facility electricity consumption during land leveling, crop planting, fertilization, and harvesting, the corresponding agricultural machinery emissions, planting emissions, and electricity emissions are introduced respectively; thereby improving the rationality and integrity of the obtained total carbon emissions. When calculating the total carbon sink, from the perspective of the spatial boundary, the carbon sequestration capacity of shellfish farming, aquatic plants, and soil carbon sequestration are introduced simultaneously, and corresponding calculation methods for carbon sequestration are designed. At this time, by adjusting the rice planting area in the planting area of the high-standard farmland, the types of shellfish farming, shellfish farming density, shellfish farming area, types of aquatic plants, aquatic plant density, and aquatic plant area in the aquaculture area, the carbon sequestration capacity can be adjusted, and the cycle process between rice, shellfish, and aquatic plants can be optimized; thus realizing the optimized construction of high-standard farmland in terms of ecology. Specifically, since the planting area includes rice and the aquaculture area includes shellfish and aquatic plants, from the perspective of carbon sequestration, during the operation of the farmland, the shellfish, aquatic plants, and soil improvement corresponding to various carbon sequestration capacities will work together to effectively increase the carbon sink capacity. From the perspective of pollution reduction, on the one hand, during the operation of the farmland, aquatic plants can absorb nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus in the emissions. Shellfish have a filtering function, and by filtering phytoplankton, organic debris, etc. in the water, the suspended solids and nutrient salt content in the water can be effectively reduced; thus filtering the excessive nutrients brought by agricultural non-point source pollution and playing a role in purifying water quality; thereby realizing in-process absorption treatment. On the other hand, the non-point source pollution of rice is a nutrient source for shellfish and aquatic plants, and the biomass fertilizer made from grown shellfish and aquatic plants can also be used for rice growth; at the same time, the shells of shellfish can be ground into powder and used in the soil to increase the organic matter content; thus realizing the recycling of resources.

[0059] It should be understood that all combinations of the foregoing concepts and additional concepts described in greater detail below can be regarded as part of the inventive subject matter of the present disclosure as long as such concepts do not contradict each other.

[0060] The foregoing and other aspects, embodiments, and features of the teachings of the present invention can be more fully understood from the following description in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Other additional aspects of the present invention, such as the features and / or beneficial effects of exemplary embodiments, will be apparent from the following description or learned through the practice of specific embodiments in accordance with the teachings of the present invention. Description of the Drawings

[0061] The drawings are not intended to be drawn to scale. In the drawings, each identical or nearly identical component shown in each figure may be denoted by the same reference numeral. For clarity, not every component is labeled in each figure. Now, embodiments of various aspects of the present invention will be described by way of example and with reference to the drawings, wherein:

[0062] Figure 1 is a flowchart of the method for high-standard farmland construction and pollution reduction and carbon sequestration described in this embodiment;

[0063] Figure 2 is a flowchart for obtaining agricultural machinery emissions;

[0064] Figure 3 is a flowchart for obtaining disturbance emissions;

[0065] Figure 4 is a flowchart for obtaining planting emissions;

[0066] Figure 5 is a flowchart for obtaining electricity consumption emissions;

[0067] Figure 6 is a flowchart for displaying calculation results;

[0068] Figure 7 is a flowchart for obtaining biomass fertilizer;

[0069] Figure 8 is a flowchart for optimizing irrigation strategies;

[0070] Figure 9 is a structural block diagram of the system for high-standard farmland construction and pollution reduction and carbon sequestration described in this embodiment. Detailed Embodiments

[0071] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the described embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. Unless otherwise defined, the technical terms or scientific terms used herein shall have the ordinary meaning as understood by those of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention pertains.

[0072] The terms "first", "second", and similar terms used in the specification and claims of this application do not denote any order, quantity, or importance, but are merely used to distinguish different components. Similarly, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, singular forms such as "a", "an", or "the" do not denote a limitation of quantity, but rather indicate the presence of at least one. Terms such as "including" or "comprising" are intended to mean that the elements or items appearing before "including" or "comprising" cover the features, wholes, steps, operations, elements, and / or components listed after "including" or "comprising", and do not exclude the existence or addition of one or more other features, wholes, steps, operations, elements, components, and / or their combinations. Terms such as "up", "down", "left", "right", etc. are only used to represent relative positional relationships, and when the absolute position of the object being described changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0073] High-standard farmland refers to cultivated land designated as permanent basic farmland. However, in the current construction process of high-standard farmland, more attention is paid to improving agricultural yields or food planting safety, while neglecting the requirement of "good ecology" in the construction of high-standard farmland, resulting in certain technical bottlenecks in the realization of high-standard farmland construction. Based on this, this embodiment aims to provide a method for high-standard farmland construction and pollution reduction and carbon sequestration to solve the above technical defects.

[0074] The following specifically introduces the method for high-standard farmland construction and pollution reduction and carbon sequestration described in this embodiment with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0075] As Figure 1 shown, the method includes:

[0076] Step S102: Construct a time boundary and a space boundary for carbon accounting for high-standard farmland.

[0077] In this step, the space boundary includes: land consolidation area, planting area, aquaculture area, irrigation and drainage area, and buffer area. Specifically, the planting area includes rice (in the construction of high-standard farmland, only rice is considered among crops), and the aquaculture area includes aquatic plants and shellfish. The time boundary is a preset period starting from the planting start time point, which is one year in this embodiment. At this time, the space boundary and time boundary for accounting will cover the entire high-standard farmland construction area and its associated agricultural production activity scope, thus helping to accurately quantify the carbon sources and carbon sinks within this scope and providing a basic framework for comprehensively evaluating the pollution reduction and carbon sequestration effects.

[0078] In specific implementation, considering that in the initial stage of transforming ordinary farmland into high-standard farmland, it mainly involves the implementation of relevant construction projects. Therefore, in the initial stage of high-standard farmland construction, calculate the total pre-construction carbon emissions of all construction projects, and add biomass carbon to the soil to neutralize the total pre-construction carbon emissions (that is, used to offset the carbon dioxide emitted during the construction of high-standard farmland). Further, if the carbon emissions during the construction process are greater than the carbon sequestration amount of the biochar used after putting into use, utilize the carbon sink generated by the later high-standard farmland to offset the carbon emissions generated during the construction, so as to achieve carbon elimination throughout the life cycle. In specific implementation, the construction projects include land leveling, canal construction, ecological ditch construction, and ecological pond construction, etc.

[0079] Step S104: Obtain the total carbon emissions and total carbon sink of the high-standard farmland within the time boundary and space boundary, and calculate the difference between the two to obtain the carbon calculation amount of the high-standard farmland.

[0080] Specifically, if the carbon calculation amount is positive, it is a carbon sink; if the carbon calculation amount is negative, it is a carbon source.

[0081] In order to consider the carbon emissions and carbon storage generated throughout the life cycle of the project and improve the accuracy of carbon calculation. When calculating the total carbon emissions and total carbon sink, the following sub-quantities are introduced:

[0082] Set the total carbon emissions as the sum of various carbon emissions. Various carbon emissions include: agricultural machinery emissions, disturbance emissions, planting emissions, and electricity consumption emissions. Among them, the emission substances corresponding to the agricultural machinery emissions, the disturbance emissions, and the electricity consumption emissions are carbon dioxide. And during the calculation of planting emissions, since the growth cycle of rice is short and the carbon dioxide absorbed after harvesting will quickly enter the carbon cycle; therefore, it is determined not to calculate the carbon dioxide generated by rice. Here, the planting emissions refer to greenhouse gases in an anaerobic environment. Specifically, the corresponding emission substances are methane and nitrous oxide.

[0083] Specifically, considering that various mechanical equipment (such as bulldozers, graders, harvesters, plant protection machines, sprayers, etc.) used in the processes of land leveling, building ecological ditches, and fertilizing and harvesting crops during the construction of high-standard farmland will all generate carbon emissions. Therefore, correspondingly, in combination with Figure 2 as shown, the agricultural machinery emissions are obtained through the following steps:

[0084] Step S10402: Obtain the power, working hours, and fuel consumption rate of the agricultural machinery equipment to calculate the actual consumption.

[0085] Step S10404: Obtain the carbon emission factor of the fuel in the agricultural machinery equipment.

[0086] Step S10406: Calculate the product of the actual consumption and the carbon emission factor to obtain the agricultural machinery emissions.

[0087] Considering that operations such as excavation in land leveling will disturb the soil, accelerating the decomposition of organic carbon in the soil and releasing carbon dioxide. Therefore, correspondingly, in combination with Figure 3 as shown, the disturbance emissions are obtained through the following steps:

[0088] Step S10422: Obtain the organic carbon content, soil texture parameters, and humidity parameters in the soil before land leveling.

[0089] Step S10424: Input each parameter into the DNDC model to estimate the disturbance emissions.

[0090] Considering that if anaerobic conditions occur in the planting area and the breeding area, greenhouse gases such as methane and nitrous oxide will be generated. Therefore, correspondingly, in combination with Figure 4 as shown, the planting emissions are obtained through the following steps:

[0091] Step S10442: Deploy flux boxes at each sampling point in the planting area or breeding area to be monitored.

[0092] In specific implementation, the flux boxes are deployed in the fields and ecological ponds.

[0093] Step S10444: Obtain the planting sub-emissions at each sampling point based on the flux box method, and sum up the various planting sub-emissions to obtain the planting emissions.

[0094] Considering that in terms of electricity consumption during the operation of farmland, if the power generation is not clean energy, carbon emissions will be generated. Therefore, correspondingly, in combination with Figure 5 as shown, the electricity consumption emissions are obtained through the following steps:

[0095] Step S10462: Obtain the power generation of non-clean energy power generation and the average carbon dioxide emission factor of power supply in the region where it is located.

[0096] Step S10464: Calculate the electricity consumption emissions based on the power generation and the average carbon dioxide emission factor of power supply.

[0097] Set the total carbon sink as the sum of various carbon sink amounts. Considering that some aquatic plants are planted in ecological ditches and ecological ponds, they can absorb nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus in the emissions. At the same time, shellfish are cultured in ecological ditches and ecological ponds. Shellfish have filter-feeding properties. For example, freshwater mussels can effectively reduce the suspended solids and nutrient salt content in the water by filtering phytoplankton, organic debris, etc. in the water. They can filter the excessive nutrients brought by agricultural non-point source pollution and play a role in purifying water quality. In some eutrophic ecological ditches, the presence of shellfish can help absorb nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus in the water, reduce the growth of algae, and improve the transparency and dissolved oxygen conditions of the water. At the same time, the non-point source pollution of crops such as rice is a nutrient source for shellfish and aquatic plants, and the biomass fertilizer made from grown shellfish and aquatic plants can also be used for rice growth. At the same time, the shells of shellfish are ground into powder and can be used in the soil to increase the organic matter content. Therefore, the planting area and the aquaculture area are set for aquatic plants, rice, and shellfish. Correspondingly, the various carbon sink amounts include: carbon sequestration amount of shellfish culture, carbon sequestration amount of aquatic plants, and carbon sequestration amount of soil.

[0098] Specifically, during the growth process, shellfish fix carbon in their shells and soft tissues by filtering organic particles such as phytoplankton in the water. The carbon sequestration amount of shellfish culture is obtained as follows: ;

[0099] Among them, ρ i is the culture density of the i-th type of shellfish, v i is the growth rate of the i-th type of shellfish, c i is the individual carbon content of the i-th type of shellfish, t i is the culture cycle of the i-th type of shellfish, s i is the culture area of the i-th type of shellfish.

[0100] Among them: ;

[0101] Among them, , .

[0102] Among them, cb i is the carbon content in the individual shell of the i-th type of shellfish, czi is the carbon content in the individual soft tissue of the i-th type of shellfish, p i is the individual wet weight of the i-th type of shellfish, k i is the conversion coefficient between the individual wet weight and dry weight of the i-th type of shellfish, r i is the proportion of the dry mass of the shell in the dry weight of the i-th type of shellfish, cf i is the carbon content proportion in the dry mass of the shell of the i-th type of shellfish, is the proportion of the dry mass of the soft tissue in the dry weight of the i-th type of shellfish, is the carbon content proportion in the dry mass of the soft tissue of the i-th type of shellfish.

[0103] In the calculation of the carbon sink of aquatic plants, the dry weight of aquatic plants is calculated by the drying and weighing method, and then the carbon content of a certain aquatic plant harvested from the ecological pond and ecological ditch every year is calculated based on the organic carbon content of the aquatic plants. Adding the carbon contents of several aquatic plants can obtain the total carbon fixation amount of the aquatic plants in the ecological pond and ecological ditch. Specifically, the corresponding carbon fixation amount of the aquatic plants is: ;

[0104] where i is the batch number of the harvested aquatic plants, and j is the species number of the harvested aquatic plants, W pij is the wet weight of the j-th type of aquatic plant harvested for the i-th time, R pj is the solid content rate of the j-th type of aquatic plant, R cpj is the carbon content rate of the j-th type of aquatic plant by dry weight, and Mco2 / Mc is the conversion coefficient between carbon dioxide and carbon.

[0105] In the calculation of soil carbon sink, soil samples need to be collected regularly to measure the change of soil organic carbon content at different depths. Specifically, the soil carbon storage model is used to comprehensively consider factors such as soil texture, soil bulk density, organic carbon input (such as crop residues, root exudates, application of organic fertilizers, etc.), and organic carbon decomposition rate to calculate the soil carbon sink amount. For example, within a certain time period, it is found through measurement that the soil organic carbon content in the surface layer (0 - 20 cm) increases from the initial value of 30% to 40%. Combining the soil bulk density and area, the soil carbon sink amount during this time period is obtained using the soil carbon storage calculation formula. Specifically, the corresponding calculation formula is: ;

[0106] where, under the accounting time boundary limit, SOC TThe soil organic carbon content at the end time point is SOC1, the soil organic carbon content at the start time point is SOC0, Mco2 / Mc is the conversion coefficient of carbon dioxide to carbon, specifically 44 / 12, and T is the accounting period.

[0107] Among them, the soil organic carbon content at any time point i within the accounting time boundary is: ;

[0108] Among them, γ i is the soil capacity at time point i, H is the depth of the cultivated soil layer, A is the area of the region within the spatial boundary, OM i is the content of soil organic matter in the cultivated soil layer at time point i, a1 is the conversion coefficient of soil organic carbon to soil organic matter, and a2 is the unit conversion coefficient.

[0109] To facilitate the display of the results of carbon sinks and carbon emissions and the locking of carbon-exceeding areas, as shown in Figure 6 also includes the following steps:

[0110] Step S10482: Construct a three-dimensional geographical model that is consistent with the distribution of each actual region within the spatial boundary.

[0111] Step S10484: Obtain the carbon emissions and carbon sink amounts in each actual region and display them in real time in the corresponding model regions in the three-dimensional geographical model; among them, when it is determined that any carbon emission is greater than the preset carbon emission threshold, the corresponding model region is displayed differently.

[0112] In specific implementation, if the carbon emissions exceed the standard, the corresponding model region can be displayed in red; other regions are displayed in green.

[0113] Step S106: Adjust the rice planting area in the planting area of the high-standard farmland, the types of shellfish farming, the density of shellfish farming, the area of shellfish farming, the types of aquatic plants, the density of aquatic plants, and the area of aquatic plants with the preset target carbon calculation amount as a reference to adjust the carbon sequestration amount, and optimize the cycle process among rice, shellfish, and aquatic plants.

[0114] To improve the accuracy of optimizing the pollution reduction and carbon sequestration strategy, the strategy of the high-standard farmland is optimized with ordinary farmland as a reference at the initial stage of high-standard farmland construction. Thus, it is convenient to quickly find the construction entry point and achieve the rapid advancement of high-standard farmland construction.

[0115] As a preferred implementation method, in this embodiment, the following pollution reduction and carbon sequestration strategies are specifically included:

[0116] Strategy 1: As shown in Figure 7 Use biomass fertilizer instead of compound fertilizer to reduce carbon emissions from the source, specifically including the following steps:

[0117] Step S10602: Obtain crop straws, aquatic plant branches, and several regulating components.

[0118] In specific implementation, the regulating components are used to adjust the carbon-nitrogen ratio and include: nitrogen-containing substances (such as livestock and poultry manure, urea, etc.), pH regulating substances (such as a small amount of superphosphate), phosphorus-containing substances (such as a small amount of superphosphate), and aeration-improving substances (such as rice husks).

[0119] Step S10604: Mix the straws, the aquatic plant branches, and the several regulating components in a preset ratio to obtain a biomass fertilizer.

[0120] In specific implementation, the proportion of the straws and the aquatic plant branches is 50% - 80%; the proportion of the several regulating components is 20% - 50%.

[0121] Step S10606: Use the biomass fertilizer as the target fertilizer for the planting area.

[0122] Strategy 2: Grind shellfish into powder and apply it to the soil. The components such as calcium carbonate it is rich in can react with the acidic substances in the soil, increase the soil pH value, facilitate the enhancement of soil microbial activity, and thus promote the accumulation of soil organic carbon. At the same time, applying shellfish powder to the soil can realize the recycling of resources within the project.

[0123] Strategy 3: Since high soil water content will cause anaerobic conditions, promote the enhancement of methanogen activity, and lead to high CH4 emissions in paddy fields. Therefore, combined with Figure 8 as shown, achieve the purpose of carbon reduction by changing the irrigation method:

[0124] Step S10622: Adopt an irrigation strategy of mid-season soil drying or intermittent irrigation for the planting area during the current planting cycle.

[0125] In specific implementation, the mid-season soil drying includes: First, flood the field after transplanting; then, dry the field at the late tillering stage; second, maintain the flooded state after re-flooding until a preset period before harvest. Specifically, the preset period is 1 - 2 weeks.

[0126] The intermittent irrigation includes: First, flood the field after transplanting; then, dry the field at the late tillering stage; second, adopt an irrigation method of alternating wet and dry after re-flooding until a preset period before harvest. Specifically, the preset period is 1 - 2 weeks.

[0127] Step S10624: When the planting seed emissions in any planting area are greater than the preset planting seed emission threshold, determine that the corresponding planting area is in an anaerobic environment.

[0128] Step S10626: Adjust the duration of each step in the mid-term field baking strategy or intermittent irrigation strategy in the corresponding planting area during the next planting cycle.

[0129] Strategy 4: Achieve carbon reduction and carbon sequestration in the process of high-standard farmland design. Specifically, in the setting of farmland water channels, the farmland drainage channels are designed with slopes to facilitate the natural drainage of water, reduce the use of drainage equipment, and thus reduce carbon emissions; in the construction of ecological channels, low-carbon materials such as carbon-sequestering concrete are used as construction materials to absorb and fix carbon dioxide, achieving the effect of carbon reduction. At the same time, projects such as fishery-solar complementary can be implemented on ecological ponds according to actual conditions, and the green electricity generated can be used for the electrical facilities of this project, thus reducing carbon.

[0130] Step S108: Continuously execute the above steps to carry out the continuous construction of high-standard farmland and pollution reduction and carbon sequestration.

[0131] In summary, the method described in this embodiment has the following technical advantages: First, the spatial accounting boundary and time accounting boundary are clarified. At the same time, the carbon emissions and carbon storage generated during the entire life cycle of the project are considered into the project, improving the accuracy of carbon calculation. Second, the low-carbon concept is integrated into the design of water channels and ecological channels, and low-carbon materials are used in combination with biological measures to reduce carbon; the synergistic effects of shellfish, aquatic plants and soil improvement are exerted to enhance carbon sinks in multiple ways; water-saving irrigation is adopted to reduce methane emissions, and reasonable fertilization is used to reduce nitrous oxide emissions; thus achieving multiple carbon reductions. Third, the waste generated within the project is used to produce bio-fertilizer, reducing the dosage of compound fertilizer and reducing non-point source pollution; the characteristics of aquatic plants and shellfish are used to purify the water body, forming a biological pollution treatment cycle; thus realizing the integration of resource recycling and pollution treatment.

[0132] Based on the above method, this embodiment also provides a system for high-standard farmland construction and pollution reduction and carbon sequestration. Combining Figure 9 As shown, the system includes the following functional modules:

[0133] Boundary construction module, used to construct the time boundary and spatial boundary for carbon accounting of high-standard farmland; among them, the spatial boundary includes: land consolidation area, planting area, aquaculture area, irrigation and drainage area and buffer area; the time boundary is a preset period starting from the starting time point of planting; among them, the planting area includes rice, and the aquaculture area includes aquatic plants and shellfish.

[0134] Data acquisition module, used to acquire the total carbon emissions and total carbon sinks of high-standard farmland within the time boundary and spatial boundary, and calculate the difference between the two to obtain the carbon calculation amount of high-standard farmland.

[0135] Among them, the total carbon emissions are the sum of various carbon emissions, and various carbon emissions include: agricultural machinery emissions, disturbance emissions, planting emissions, and electricity consumption emissions.

[0136] The steps for obtaining the agricultural machinery emissions are as follows: First, obtain the power, working hours, and fuel consumption rate of the agricultural machinery equipment to calculate the actual consumption; second, obtain the carbon emission factor of the fuel in the agricultural machinery equipment; then, based on the actual consumption and the carbon emission factor, obtain the agricultural machinery emissions.

[0137] The steps for obtaining the disturbance emissions are as follows: First, obtain the organic carbon content, soil texture parameters, and humidity parameters in the soil before land leveling; second, input each parameter into the DNDC model to estimate the disturbance emissions.

[0138] The steps for obtaining the planting emissions are as follows: First, deploy flux boxes at each sampling point in the planting area or breeding area to be monitored; second, obtain the planting sub-emissions at each sampling point based on the flux box method, and sum up the various planting sub-emissions to obtain the planting emissions.

[0139] The steps for obtaining the electricity consumption emissions are as follows: First, obtain the power generation of non-clean energy power generation and the average carbon dioxide emission factor of power supply in the region; second, based on the power generation and the average carbon dioxide emission factor of power supply, obtain the electricity consumption emissions.

[0140] Among them, the total carbon sink is the sum of various carbon sinks, and various carbon sinks include: carbon sequestration by shellfish farming, carbon sequestration by aquatic plants, and soil carbon sequestration.

[0141] The carbon sequestration by shellfish farming is: ; among them, ρ i is the farming density of the i-th type of shellfish, v i is the growth rate of the i-th type of shellfish, c i is the individual carbon content of the i-th type of shellfish, t i is the farming cycle of the i-th type of shellfish, s i is the farming area of the i-th type of shellfish; among them, , among them, , ; among them, cb i is the individual shell carbon content of the i-th type of shellfish, cz i is the individual soft tissue carbon content of the i-th type of shellfish, p i is the individual wet weight of the i-th type of shellfish,k i The conversion coefficient between the individual wet weight and individual dry weight of the i-th type of shellfish r i is the proportion of the dry shell mass of the i-th type of shellfish in the dry weight cf i is the carbon content proportion in the dry shell mass of the i-th type of shellfish is the proportion of the dry soft tissue mass of the i-th type of shellfish in the dry weight is the carbon content proportion in the dry soft tissue mass of the i-th type of shellfish

[0142] The carbon sequestration amount of the aquatic plants is as follows: ;

[0143] wherein, W pij is the wet weight of the j-th type of aquatic plant harvested for the i-th time R pj is the solid content rate of the j-th type of aquatic plant R cpj is the carbon content rate of the j-th type of aquatic plant by dry weight, and Mco2 / Mc is the conversion coefficient between carbon dioxide and carbon

[0144] The carbon sequestration amount of the soil is as follows: ; Among them, under the accounting time boundary limit, SOC T is the soil organic carbon amount at the end time point, SOC0 is the soil organic carbon amount at the start time point, Mco2 / Mc is the conversion coefficient between carbon dioxide and carbon, and T is the accounting period; The soil organic carbon content at any time point i within the accounting time boundary is: ; Among them, γ i is the soil capacity at time point i, H is the soil plough layer depth, A is the area within the spatial boundary, OM i is the plough layer soil organic matter content at time point i, a1 is the conversion coefficient between soil organic carbon and soil organic matter, and a2 is the unit conversion coefficient

[0145] An optimization and adjustment module, which is used to adjust the rice planting area in the planting area of the high-standard farmland, the shellfish farming species, shellfish farming density, shellfish farming area, aquatic plant species, aquatic plant density, and aquatic plant area in the aquaculture area with a preset target carbon calculation amount as a reference to adjust the carbon sequestration amount, and optimize the circular process among rice, shellfish and aquatic plants

[0146] A cyclic execution module, which is used to cyclically execute the above steps to carry out the continuous construction and pollution reduction and carbon sequestration of the high-standard farmland

[0147] Meanwhile, in order to facilitate carbon over-standard locking and calculation result display, it also includes:

[0148] A model construction module for constructing a three-dimensional geographical model that is consistent with the distribution of each actual area within the spatial boundary.

[0149] A data display module for obtaining the carbon emission and carbon sink amounts in each actual area and displaying them in real time in the corresponding model area in the three-dimensional geographical model. Among them, when it is determined that any carbon emission is greater than a preset carbon emission threshold, the corresponding model area is displayed differently.

[0150] Since the system is built based on the method, the ecological requirements in the process of constructing high-standard farmland can also be effectively achieved during specific implementation.

[0151] Although the present invention has been disclosed above with preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Those with ordinary knowledge in the technical field to which the present invention pertains can make various modifications and refinements without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be determined by what is defined in the claims.

Claims

1. A method for high-standard farmland construction and pollution reduction and carbon fixation, characterized in that: include: Constructing time boundaries and space boundaries for carbon accounting for high-standard farmland; wherein the space boundaries include: land preparation area, planting area, breeding area, irrigation and drainage area and buffer area; the time boundary is a preset time period starting from the planting start time point; wherein the planting area includes rice, and the breeding area includes aquatic plants and shellfish; Obtain the total carbon emissions and carbon sinks of high-standard farmland within the time and space boundaries, and calculate the difference between the two to obtain the carbon calculation amount of high-standard farmland; The total carbon emissions are the sum of various carbon emissions, including agricultural machinery emissions, disturbance emissions, planting emissions and electricity emissions; The steps for obtaining the agricultural machinery emissions are: first, obtaining the power, working time and fuel consumption rate of the agricultural machinery equipment to calculate the actual consumption; second, obtaining the carbon emission factor of the fuel in the agricultural machinery equipment; then, obtaining the agricultural machinery emissions based on the actual consumption and the carbon emission factor; The steps for obtaining the disturbance emission are: first, obtaining the organic carbon content, soil texture parameters and moisture parameters in the soil before land leveling; second, inputting each parameter into the DNDC model to estimate the disturbance emission; The steps for obtaining the planting emission are as follows: first, a flux box is deployed at each preset sampling point in the planting area or breeding area to be monitored; second, the emission of the seedlings at each sampling point is obtained based on the flux box method, and the emission of each seedling is summed to obtain the planting emission; The steps for obtaining the electricity consumption emissions are as follows: first, obtaining the power generation of non-clean energy and the average carbon dioxide emission factor of the power supply in the region; second, obtaining the electricity consumption emissions based on the power generation and the average carbon dioxide emission factor of the power supply; The total carbon sink is the sum of various carbon sinks, including carbon sequestration by shellfish culture, carbon sequestration by aquatic plants, and carbon sequestration by soil. Aquatic plants and filter-feeding shellfish are planted or cultured in ecological ditches or ponds to filter out excess nutrients from agricultural non-point source pollution by absorbing nutrients including nitrogen and phosphorus in the water, and purify the water quality. At the same time, aquatic plants and shellfish are made into biomass fertilizers after maturity to increase the organic matter content in the soil, thereby achieving pollution reduction and resource recycling. The carbon fixation amount of shellfish aquaculture is: ;in, ρ i is the culture density of the i-th shellfish, v i is the growth rate of the i-th shellfish, c i is the individual carbon content of the i-th shellfish, t i is the culture cycle of the i-th shellfish, s i is the culture area of ​​the i-th shellfish; ,in, , ;in, cb i is the carbon content of the individual shells of the i-th shellfish, cz i is the carbon content of the individual soft tissue of the i-th shellfish, p i is the individual wet weight of the i-th type of shellfish, k i The conversion coefficient between the individual wet weight and the individual dry weight of the i-th species of shellfish, r i is the percentage of shell dry mass of the i-th shellfish under dry weight, cf i is the carbon content of the dry mass of the shell of the i-th shellfish, is the percentage of dry mass of soft tissue of the i-th shellfish under dry weight, is the carbon content in the dry mass of soft tissue of the i-th shellfish; The carbon fixation amount of the aquatic plants is: ;in, W pij is the wet weight of the j-th aquatic plant harvested at the ith time, R pj is the solid content of the jth aquatic plant, R cpj is the carbon content of the jth aquatic plant based on dry weight, and Mc02 / Mc is the conversion coefficient between carbon dioxide and carbon; The soil carbon sequestration amount is: ; Among them, under the accounting time boundary limit, SOC T is the soil organic carbon content at the end time point, SOC0 is the soil organic carbon content at the start time point, Mco2 / Mc is the conversion coefficient between carbon dioxide and carbon, and T is the accounting period; the soil organic carbon content at any time point i within the accounting time boundary is: ; Among them, γ i is the soil capacity at time point i, H is the depth of the soil tillage layer, A is the area within the spatial boundary, OM i is the organic matter content of the topsoil at time point i, a1 is the conversion coefficient between soil organic carbon and soil organic matter, and a2 is the unit conversion coefficient; Taking the preset target carbon calculation amount as a reference, the rice planting area in the planting area of ​​the high-standard farmland, the shellfish farming species, shellfish farming density, shellfish farming area, aquatic plant species, aquatic plant density, and aquatic plant area in the breeding area are adjusted to adjust the carbon fixation amount, and the circulation process between rice, shellfish and aquatic plants is optimized; The above steps are repeated to continuously build high-standard farmland and reduce pollution and fix carbon.

2. The method for high-standard farmland construction and pollution reduction and carbon fixation according to claim 1, characterized in that: include: Adopt mid-term baking or intermittent irrigation strategies for each planting area during the current planting cycle; Among them, the mid-term field baking includes: first, flooding after transplanting; second, baking at the end of tillering; then, maintaining the flooding state after rehydration until a preset period before harvest; the intermittent irrigation includes: first, flooding after transplanting; second, baking at the end of tillering; then, using a dry-wet alternating irrigation method after rehydration until a preset period before harvest; When the amount of seed emission in any planting area is greater than a preset seed emission threshold, the corresponding planting area is judged to be in an anaerobic environment; During the next planting cycle, the duration of each step in the mid-term field baking strategy or intermittent irrigation strategy in the corresponding planting area is adjusted.

3. The method for high-standard farmland construction and pollution reduction and carbon fixation according to claim 1, characterized in that: include: Obtain crop straw, aquatic plant branches and trunks, and a number of regulating components; wherein the regulating components include: nitrogen-containing substances, pH regulating substances, phosphorus-containing substances and aeration improving substances; The straw, the aquatic plant branches, and the plurality of regulating components are mixed according to a preset ratio to obtain a biomass fertilizer; wherein the straw and the aquatic plant branches account for 50% to 80%, and the plurality of regulating components account for 20% to 50%; The biomass fertilizer is used as target fertilizer for the planting area.

4. The method for high-standard farmland construction and pollution reduction and carbon fixation according to claim 1, characterized in that: Before constructing the time boundary and space boundary for carbon accounting of high-standard farmland, it includes: At the initial stage of high-standard farmland construction, the total initial carbon emissions of all construction projects are calculated, and biomass carbon is added to the soil to neutralize the total initial carbon emissions; Among them, construction projects include land leveling, canal construction, ecological ditch construction, and ecological pond construction.

5. The method for high-standard farmland construction and pollution reduction and carbon fixation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The emission substances corresponding to the agricultural machinery emissions, the disturbance emissions, and the electricity emissions are carbon dioxide, and the emission substances corresponding to the planting emissions are methane and nitrous oxide.

6. The method for high-standard farmland construction and pollution reduction and carbon fixation according to claim 1, characterized in that: include: Construct a three-dimensional geographic model that is consistent with the actual regional distribution within the spatial boundary; Obtain carbon emissions and carbon sinks in each actual area and display them in real time in the corresponding model area in the three-dimensional geographic model; When it is determined that any carbon emission is greater than a preset carbon emission threshold, the corresponding model area is displayed differently.

7. A system for high-standard farmland construction and pollution reduction and carbon fixation, characterized in that: include: The boundary construction module is used to construct the time boundary and space boundary of the high-standard farmland for carbon accounting; wherein the space boundary includes: land preparation area, planting area, breeding area, irrigation and drainage area and buffer area; the time boundary is a preset time period starting from the planting start time point; wherein the planting area includes rice, and the breeding area includes aquatic plants and shellfish; A data acquisition module is used to obtain the total carbon emissions and carbon sinks of high-standard farmland within the time boundary and space boundary, and calculate the difference between the two to obtain the carbon calculation amount of the high-standard farmland; The total carbon emissions are the sum of various carbon emissions, including agricultural machinery emissions, disturbance emissions, planting emissions and electricity emissions; The steps for obtaining the agricultural machinery emissions are: first, obtaining the power, working time and fuel consumption rate of the agricultural machinery equipment to calculate the actual consumption; second, obtaining the carbon emission factor of the fuel in the agricultural machinery equipment; then, obtaining the agricultural machinery emissions based on the actual consumption and the carbon emission factor; The steps for obtaining the disturbance emission are: first, obtaining the organic carbon content, soil texture parameters and moisture parameters in the soil before land leveling; second, inputting each parameter into the DNDC model to estimate the disturbance emission; The steps for obtaining the planting emission are as follows: first, a flux box is deployed at each sampling point in the planting area or breeding area to be monitored; second, the emission of the seedlings at each sampling point is obtained based on the flux box method, and the emission of each seedling is summed to obtain the planting emission; The steps for obtaining the electricity consumption emissions are as follows: first, obtaining the power generation of non-clean energy and the average carbon dioxide emission factor of the power supply in the region; second, obtaining the electricity consumption emissions based on the power generation and the average carbon dioxide emission factor of the power supply; The total carbon sink is the sum of various carbon sinks, including carbon sequestration by shellfish culture, carbon sequestration by aquatic plants, and carbon sequestration by soil. Aquatic plants and filter-feeding shellfish are planted or cultured in ecological ditches or ponds to filter out excess nutrients from agricultural non-point source pollution by absorbing nutrients including nitrogen and phosphorus in the water, and purify the water quality. At the same time, aquatic plants and shellfish are made into biomass fertilizers after maturity to increase the organic matter content in the soil, thereby achieving pollution reduction and resource recycling. The carbon fixation amount of shellfish aquaculture is: ;in, ρ i is the culture density of the i-th shellfish, v i is the growth rate of the i-th shellfish, c i is the individual carbon content of the i-th shellfish, t i is the culture cycle of the i-th shellfish, s i is the culture area of ​​the i-th shellfish; , , ;in, cb i is the carbon content of the individual shells of the i-th shellfish, cz i is the carbon content of the individual soft tissue of the i-th shellfish, p i is the individual wet weight of the i-th type of shellfish, k i The conversion coefficient between the individual wet weight and the individual dry weight of the i-th species of shellfish, r i is the percentage of shell dry mass of the i-th shellfish under dry weight, cf i is the carbon content of the dry mass of the shell of the i-th shellfish, is the percentage of dry mass of soft tissue of the i-th shellfish under dry weight, is the carbon content in the dry mass of soft tissue of the i-th shellfish; The carbon fixation amount of the aquatic plants is: ;in, W pij is the wet weight of the j-th aquatic plant harvested at the ith time, R pj is the solid content of the jth aquatic plant, R cpj is the carbon content of the jth aquatic plant based on dry weight, and Mc02 / Mc is the conversion coefficient between carbon dioxide and carbon; The soil carbon sequestration amount is: ; Among them, under the accounting time boundary limit, SOC T is the soil organic carbon content at the end time point, SOC0 is the soil organic carbon content at the start time point, Mco2 / Mc is the conversion coefficient between carbon dioxide and carbon, and T is the accounting period; the soil organic carbon content at any time point i within the accounting time boundary is: ; Among them, γ i is the soil capacity at time point i, H is the depth of the soil tillage layer, A is the area within the spatial boundary, OM i is the organic matter content of the topsoil at time point i, a1 is the conversion coefficient between soil organic carbon and soil organic matter, and a2 is the unit conversion coefficient; An optimization and adjustment module, for adjusting the rice planting area in the planting area of ​​the high-standard farmland, the shellfish farming species, shellfish farming density, shellfish farming area, aquatic plant species, aquatic plant density, and aquatic plant area in the breeding area with a preset target carbon calculation amount as a reference to adjust the carbon fixation amount, and optimize the circulation process between rice, shellfish and aquatic plants; The loop execution module is used to loop the above steps to continuously build high-standard farmland and reduce pollution and fix carbon.

8. The system for high-standard farmland construction and pollution reduction and carbon fixation according to claim 7 is characterized in that: include: A model building module is used to build a three-dimensional geographic model that is consistent with the actual distribution of regions within the spatial boundary; The data display module is used to obtain the carbon emissions and carbon sinks in each actual area and display them in real time in the corresponding model area in the three-dimensional geographic model; When it is determined that any carbon emission is greater than a preset carbon emission threshold, the corresponding model area is displayed differently.

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