An aerial floating photovoltaic power generation system and a method for maintenance

Abstract

The present application relates to the field of photovoltaic power generation device, specifically to an aerial floating photovoltaic power generation system and a maintenance method, the aerial floating photovoltaic power generation system comprises a photovoltaic panel, a floating device and a supporting mechanism; the floating device is arranged on the supporting mechanism, and the photovoltaic panel is installed on the floating device; the floating device comprises a floating block, the floating block comprises an outer shell, an inner bag and an inflation interface; the inner bag is divided into a plurality of air bags by a diaphragm, the inflation interface is arranged on the air bag, and the air bag is detachably connected with the outer shell. The present application adopts the floating design, can be built in the air above the complex terrain such as water area and mountain area which is not suitable for building ground photovoltaic power station, greatly expands the available space, and will not cause damage to the local ecological environment. The overall structure of the device is simple, convenient to install and maintain, and the land occupation is small.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of photovoltaic power generation devices, in particular to an aerial floating photovoltaic power generation system and a maintenance method. BACKGROUND

[0002] Currently, photovoltaic power generation devices are generally divided into traditional ground photovoltaic power generation and floating offshore photovoltaic.

[0003] Traditional ground photovoltaic power generation refers to a technology of installing solar panels on the ground to directly convert sunlight into electrical energy through photovoltaic effect, which mainly consists of three parts: solar panels (components), controllers and inverters, and the main components are composed of electronic components. The solar panels convert light energy into electrical energy through the photovoltaic effect of the semiconductor interface.

[0004] However, traditional ground photovoltaic power generation has relatively high requirements for topography and geomorphology, and it is difficult to adapt to areas with general geographical conditions (such as areas with large areas of water or mountains), resulting in difficulties in site selection and even inability to build. In addition, the installation of photovoltaic panels requires a certain amount of land area, which may cause conflicts in land use in areas where land resources are scarce. In addition, photovoltaic panels may also affect the agricultural, ecological and other utilization values of the land.

[0005] Floating offshore photovoltaic is a power generation method that installs photovoltaic components on a water surface float, aiming to reduce the occupation of land resources and utilize the high amount of sunlight and open space on the ocean surface to improve power generation efficiency. However, the marine environment is complex, and wind and sea water corrosion may cause damage to solar panels and equipment, requiring stronger engineering and materials to ensure the stability and reliability of the system, making maintenance difficult. Offshore photovoltaic requires the construction of stable infrastructure, such as offshore wind turbine generators and power transmission lines, which is costly; and the impact on the marine ecosystem still needs to be considered.

[0006] Therefore, there is an urgent need for an aerial floating photovoltaic power generation system and a maintenance method. SUMMARY

[0007] To overcome the problems in the prior art, the present application aims to provide an aerial floating photovoltaic power generation system and a maintenance method, which adopts a floating design and can be built in the air over complex terrains such as water areas and mountains that are not suitable for building ground photovoltaic power stations, greatly expanding the available space.

[0008] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application provides the following technical solution: an aerial floating photovoltaic power generation system, comprising a photovoltaic panel, a floating device and a support mechanism; the floating device is arranged on the support mechanism, and the photovoltaic panel is installed on the floating device;

[0009] The floating device comprises a floating block, the floating block comprises an outer shell, an inner container and an inflation interface; the inner container is divided into several air bags by a diaphragm, the inflation interface is arranged on the air bag, and the air bag is detachably connected with the outer shell.

[0010] The application further provides that the air bag is made of a low-elasticity sunscreen high polymer material, and two sunscreen adhesive tapes are uniformly pasted on the bottom of the air bag.

[0011] The application further provides that the detachable connection is a buckle connection.

[0012] The application further provides that a plurality of photovoltaic panel mounting holes are arranged on the inner ring of the outer shell, and the photovoltaic panel is fixed on the inner container in the outer shell.

[0013] The application further provides that the aerial floating photovoltaic power generation system further comprises a cable, a generator and a direct current power distribution box; the cable is connected with the photovoltaic panel and the generator, the direct current power distribution box is arranged between the photovoltaic panel and the generator, and is used for converging the cables on a plurality of floating blocks. The number of cables and the complexity of wiring in the system are reduced, and the direct current is conveniently centrally managed and subsequently transmitted.

[0014] The application further provides that a plurality of connecting holes are arranged on the outer ring of the outer shell, and are used for connecting the floating device; a carbon fiber rope is used to pass through the connecting holes, and a plurality of floating devices are flexibly connected as a whole.

[0015] The application further provides that the support mechanism comprises a plurality of structural columns and a plurality of foundations, the foundations are arranged underground, the structural columns are installed above the foundations, a steel hanging ring is pre-buried on the structural column, and the steel hanging rings are connected through galvanized steel ropes between the structural columns.

[0016] The application further provides that the floating device is connected with the galvanized steel rope through the carbon fiber rope.

[0017] The application further provides that the direct current power distribution box is installed on the structural column.

[0018] The application further provides that the foundation is a ground anchor, a gravity foundation or a uplift foundation.

[0019] The application further provides a maintenance method for the aerial floating photovoltaic power generation system, which is used in cooperation with the aerial floating photovoltaic power generation system and comprises the following steps.

[0020] S1: a sag value of the floating device is detected by using a distance measuring device, when the detected sag value exceeds a preset sag value H, step S2 is entered, otherwise the next maintenance area is detected; the preset sag value is calculated by the following formula:

[0021] H = H j + 0.8 x 20%

[0022] Wherein, H j is the sag value of the floating device when completed, in meters;

[0023] S2: set a high-definition camera in the maintenance area to collect images of the floating device 200; and transmit the image data to the intelligent detection system in real time, the intelligent detection system comprising an image recognition system;

[0024] S3: the image recognition system identifies and analyzes the crease height of the adhesive tape at the bottom of each air bag on the floating device;

[0025] If the crease height of the adhesive tape is less than 1mm, no replacement is needed; if the crease height of the adhesive tape is greater than or equal to 1mm and less than 2mm, the air bag is marked to increase the frequency of subsequent detection; if the crease height of the adhesive tape is greater than or equal to 2mm, the air bag is replaced.

[0026] In summary, the beneficial effects of the above technical solutions of the present application are as follows:

[0027] 1. The present application adopts a floating design, which can be built in the air over complex terrains such as water areas and mountainous areas that are not suitable for ground photovoltaic power stations, greatly expanding the available space. For example, it can be arranged above farmland, without occupying valuable land resources and without damaging the local ecological environment. In contrast, conventional photovoltaic power stations usually require a large area of flat land, and it is difficult to obtain suitable construction land in areas where land resources are scarce, and conflicts may arise with other uses such as agriculture and ecology.

[0028] 2. The floating device itself is composed of individual independent air bags, the air bags form floating blocks, and the floating blocks form a modular assembly of floating block groups, making the installation process more simple and convenient, and facilitating installation and maintenance. Each floating block unit in the floating device can be prefabricated, and the construction speed is fast. The present application can realize the construction of photovoltaic stations in most areas, and can form different scales of floating block combinations according to different requirements to meet the power generation requirements.

[0029] 3. The device has a simple overall structure, a compact floating block design, a small land occupation area of the support mechanism, and a high land utilization rate. Moreover, the floating block is light, the support mechanism has a small static bearing capacity, and the foundation construction cost and land pressure can be reduced.

[0030] 4. The present application also provides a maintenance method combining an intelligent image recognition system for the aerial floating photovoltaic power generation system, which automatically identifies the crease degree of the adhesive tape at the bottom of the air bag to judge the working state of the air bag, greatly reducing the workload and cost of maintenance and repair, and improving the accuracy and efficiency of maintenance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0031] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required to be used in the following embodiment description will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without any creative effort on the basis of these drawings.

[0032] Figure 1 The overall structure of the air floating type photovoltaic power generation system is shown in the figure.

[0033] Figure 2 The structure of the floating block is shown in the figure.

[0034] Figure 3 The structure of the air bag is shown in the figure.

[0035] Figure 4 The top view of the air floating type photovoltaic power generation system is shown in the figure.

[0036] Figure 5 The structure of the buckle is shown in the figure.

[0037] In the drawings, the components represented by each reference numeral are listed as follows:

[0038] 100, photovoltaic panel, 200, air floating device, 201, shell, 202, air bag, 203, buckle, 204, photovoltaic panel mounting hole, 205, connecting hole, 206, adhesive tape, 207, inflation interface, 300, support mechanism, 301, structural column, 302, anti-pulling pile, 303, pile cap, 400, carbon fiber rope, 500, direct current junction box, 600, galvanized steel cable. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] In order to make the technical solutions of the present application better understood by those skilled in the art, the technical solutions of the present application will be described clearly and completely in the following with reference to the drawings of the present application. Other similar embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without any creative effort on the basis of the embodiments in the present application shall belong to the scope of protection of the present application. In addition, the directional words mentioned in the following embodiments, such as "up", "down", "left", "right", etc. are only for the direction of the drawings, therefore, the directional words used are for the purpose of description but not for the limitation of the present application.

[0040] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which the present application belongs. The terms used in the specification of the present application are only for the purpose of describing the specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the present application.

[0041] The present application will be further described below with reference to the drawings and preferred embodiments.

[0042] Embodiment 1:

[0043] As Figures 1-5 shown, a preferred embodiment of the present application, an air floating photovoltaic power generation system, comprising photovoltaic panels 100, floating device 200 and support mechanism 300; the floating device 200 is provided on the support mechanism 300, the photovoltaic panel 100 is installed on the floating device 200;

[0044] In combination Figures 1-3 shown, the floating device 200 includes a float, the float includes a shell 201, an inner bag and an inflation interface 207; the inner bag is divided into several air bags 202 by a diaphragm, the inflation interface 207 is provided on the air bag 202, and the air bag 202 is detachably connected with the shell 201 through a buckle 203. In this embodiment, the buckle 203, as shown in Figure 5 , includes two buckle belts, one of which is provided with a female buckle and the other is provided with a male buckle, and the two buckle belts are respectively arranged on two structures to be connected and connected through the clamping of the female buckle and the male buckle.

[0045] To reduce the loss of air leakage, the inner bag is divided into multiple 0.2x0.2m air bags 202 by a diaphragm, the air bag 202 is provided with an inflation interface 207 on the top, and two 1cm wide and 0.1mm thick red sunscreen adhesive strips 206 are uniformly pasted on the bottom of the air bag 202, which are used as the basis for air pressure detection of the air bag 202; the air bag 202 is made of low-elasticity sunscreen high-molecular material, and the rated pressure after inflation is 0.2Mpa, i.e. two atmospheres, to ensure that the inflated volume of the air bag 202 meets the buoyancy requirement under various weather conditions. In this embodiment, the float is designed as an oval ring structure to ensure the best stability and efficiency. The air bag 202 is filled with helium, nitrogen or other gas to obtain buoyancy.

[0046] The installation process is more simple and fast due to the modular assembly of the floating device 200, which is composed of individual air bags 202 and then the floating blocks. In the maintenance aspect, the staff can measure the sag of the 5x8 floating block square every month on a sunny and windless day. If the sag exceeds 0.8m, the floating block will be repaired. During the repair, the staff can observe the red tape 206 at the bottom of the air bag. If the tape 206 has obvious wrinkles of more than 1mm, it means that the air bag 202 has low pressure, and the air bag 202 needs to be replaced. The replaced air bag 202 needs to be tested for air pressure and 5kg weight pressure. After 24 hours, the air bag pressure should not exceed 0.5%. If the air bag pressure exceeds 0.5%, the air bag 202 will be discarded. In contrast, the installation of a conventional photovoltaic power station requires large-scale foundation construction and equipment installation, which consumes time and manpower. Moreover, the dust and weeds on the ground can easily affect the normal operation of the equipment, increasing the workload and cost of maintenance.

[0047] It should be noted that the floating block can also be designed in a circular shape, and the stability can be ensured by reasonably distributing the fixed points and adjusting the internal gas pressure distribution.

[0048] The inner circle of the shell 201 is provided with a plurality of photovoltaic panel mounting holes 204 for fixing the photovoltaic panel 100 on the inner container inside the shell 201. The photovoltaic panel 100 can pass through the photovoltaic panel mounting hole 204 through a connecting rope, buckle or bolt structure, and can be detachably mounted on the floating block.

[0049] The photovoltaic panel 100 can adopt a lightweight half-piece component DAS-LH132PA, which not only reduces the weight of the system, but also is beneficial to the load bearing of the floating device 200. Alternatively, a lightweight and efficient photovoltaic panel of DAS-LH156PA type can be selected, which has a single piece size of 2278x1134 and a higher photoelectric conversion efficiency, and can generate more power under the same area. Alternatively, a whole piece type lightweight photovoltaic panel such as DAS-FL180 can be used. Although it is a whole piece type, it uses a new material and has a relatively light weight, and at the same time has good power generation performance. The size can be adjusted according to the actual load capacity of the floating device.

[0050] The air floating photovoltaic power generation system further comprises a cable, a generator and a direct current switch box 500; the cable connects the photovoltaic panel 100 and the generator, and the direct current switch box 500 is arranged between the photovoltaic panel 100 and the generator and is used for converging the cables on the plurality of floating blocks. The direct current switch box 500 is fixed on the structural column 301 in a way of being installed by a hoop, and a grounding terminal on the direct current switch box 500 is connected to a reliable grounding system by using a special grounding wire. The number of cables in the system and the complexity of wiring are reduced, and the direct current is conveniently managed and transmitted subsequently. The cable should be selected to be an aging-resistant, wear-resistant and high-voltage-resistant cable.

[0051] The support mechanism 300 comprises a plurality of structural columns 301 and a plurality of foundations, the structural columns 301 are installed above the foundations, a steel hanging ring is pre-buried on the structural column 301, and the steel hanging rings are connected by galvanized steel ropes 600 between the structural columns 301. The direct current switch box 500 is installed on the structural column 301. The foundation is arranged underground, and preferably an uplift-resistant foundation, the uplift-resistant foundation comprises a bearing platform 303 and an uplift pile 302. The air floating photovoltaic power generation system generates buoyancy, and a foundation type with uplift resistance should be used as a support and anchoring system, and the uplift pile 302 is widely applicable and has a significant uplift effect.

[0052] In the embodiment, the structural column is a concrete structural column with a diameter of φ400 and a concrete strength of C30, the galvanized steel ropes 600 with a diameter of φ10 mm are used to connect the middle of each structural column 301, and the carbon fiber ropes 400 with a diameter of φ5 mm are used to connect each floating block to the structural column 301 or the galvanized steel rope 600, so that a stable horizontal support system is formed and requirements in various weathers can be met.

[0053] The uplift-resistant concrete precast pile with a diameter of φ500 is arranged below the structural column and comprises the bearing platform 303 and the uplift pile 302 and is used to provide bearing capacity and uplift resistance, and the most important is the uplift resistance. In the embodiment, the specifications of the floating device 200 and the photovoltaic panel 100 on the floating device 200 are 6x13, the wind pressure is 0.5KN / m2, the height is 4 meters, the wind pressure borne by the floating device 200 is 2.1KN, the wind pressure borne by the photovoltaic panel 100 is 163.8KN, that is, the uplift resistance required by the uplift pile should be ≥165KN, and according to the local geological conditions, the effective pile length of the uplift pile 302 can be calculated. Under general geological conditions, the length of the uplift pile 302 should be ≥10m, that is, the uplift resistance required by the air floating photovoltaic power generation system is met.

[0054] In combination with Figure 4As shown, the outer ring of the shell 201 is provided with a plurality of connecting holes 205, and the carbon fiber rope 400 is connected through the connecting holes 205 to flexibly connect a plurality of floating devices 200 into a whole. Then, the carbon fiber rope 400 is connected with the galvanized steel cable 600 between the structural column 301 through the connecting holes on the whole outer ring floating device.

[0055] Embodiment 2:

[0056] An aerial floating photovoltaic power generation system, which is different from embodiment 1 in that the foundation of the support mechanism in this embodiment uses a ground anchor as the foundation anchoring structure. The ground anchor provides uplift resistance through the friction of the anchor rod deep into the ground and the surrounding soil. The type and length of the anchor rod can be selected according to the geological conditions and the size of the buoyancy. During construction, geological exploration and anchor rod tension testing are carried out to ensure the stability of the ground anchor.

[0057] Embodiment 3:

[0058] An aerial floating photovoltaic power generation system, which is different from embodiment 1 in that the foundation of the support mechanism in this embodiment uses a gravity foundation to resist the buoyancy by increasing the self-weight of the foundation. The foundation is built with materials such as concrete or masonry, and the appropriate foundation volume and weight need to be calculated according to the size of the buoyancy and the geological conditions.

[0059] Embodiment 4:

[0060] An aerial floating photovoltaic power generation system maintenance method, which is used with the aerial floating photovoltaic power generation system described in embodiment 1, and includes the following steps:

[0061] S1: Use a distance measuring device to detect the sag value of the floating device 200. When the detected sag value exceeds the preset sag value H, go to step S2, otherwise detect the next maintenance area; the preset sag value is calculated by the following formula:

[0062] H = H j + 0.8 × 20%

[0063] Where H j is the sag value of the floating device 200 at completion, unit: meter;

[0064] S2: Set up a high-definition camera in the maintenance area to collect images of the floating device 200; and transmit the image data to the intelligent detection system in real time, the intelligent detection system includes an image recognition system; the high-definition camera collects images of the entire floating device 200, takes pictures of the overall appearance of each floating block, the connection between each floating block, and the surrounding environment from different angles, and transmits the image data to the image recognition system in real time.

[0065] S3: the image recognition system identifies the crease height of the adhesive tape 206 at the bottom of each air bag 202 on the floating block;

[0066] If the crease height of the adhesive tape 206 is less than 1 mm, the overall appearance of the adhesive tape 206 is basically flat, without obvious distortion or deformation. In this case, the pressure of the air bag 202 is in the normal acceptable range, and the air bag 202 does not need to be processed.

[0067] If the crease height of the adhesive tape 206 is greater than or equal to 1 mm and less than 2 mm, the crease part may appear in the local area of the adhesive tape 206, and the continuity of the adhesive tape 206 is not seriously damaged, but there is a certain degree of deformation. At this time, the air bag 202 needs to be marked, the frequency of subsequent detection is increased, the change of the pressure of the air bag 202 is closely observed, and the air bag 202 is checked again within a certain period.

[0068] If the crease height of the adhesive tape 206 is greater than or equal to 2 mm, the crease is widely distributed, which causes the adhesive tape 206 to have obvious distortion and risk of rupture, and seriously affects the sealing performance of the adhesive tape 206. In this case, it can be directly determined that the pressure of the air bag 202 is low, and the air bag 202 needs to be removed and replaced with a new one. At the same time, the removed air bag 202 is subjected to a further detection process. At the same time, the intelligent detection system records the position information, crease degree and other detailed data of each air bag 202 with problems, and stores them in association with the corresponding images, so as to facilitate subsequent query and analysis.

[0069] For the removed air bag 202, first, air supplement treatment is performed, and then the air bag 202 is placed on a specially designed 5kg weight pressure detection equipment for detection. During the 24-hour pressure detection process, multiple cameras arranged around the detection equipment continuously collect image information of the air bag 202 in the pressure state, including the deformation of the surface of the air bag 202 and the state of the part in contact with the weight. After 24 hours, the weight is removed, the pressure of the air bag 202 is measured again by the high-precision pressure sensor, and the pressure data is transmitted to the intelligent detection system. If the pressure change is not more than 0.5%, the air bag 202 is re-pasted with the adhesive tape, and is marked as a spare part and stored; if the pressure change is more than 0.5%, the system determines that the air bag 202 is scrapped, and records all the data of this detection (including the images in the pressure process and the pressure change curve) as the basis for analysis.

[0070] Finally, it should be noted that the above content is only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, and is not a limitation on the protection scope of the present application. Simple modifications or equivalent replacements of the technical solutions of the present application made by ordinary skilled in the art do not deviate from the essence and scope of the technical solutions of the present application.

Claims

1. An airborne photovoltaic power system, characterized by, The air floating photovoltaic power generation system comprises a photovoltaic panel, an air floating device and a supporting mechanism, wherein the air floating device is arranged on the supporting mechanism, and the photovoltaic panel is installed on the air floating device. The air floating device comprises a floating block, wherein the floating block comprises an outer shell, an inner container and an inflation interface; the inner container is divided into a plurality of air bags by a diaphragm, the inflation interface is arranged on the air bag, and the air bag is detachably connected with the outer shell; two sunscreen adhesive tapes are uniformly pasted on the bottom of the air bag. The air floating photovoltaic power generation system is detected based on an air floating photovoltaic power generation system maintenance method, comprising the following steps: S1: using a distance measuring device to detect the sag value of the air floating device, when the detected sag value exceeds the preset sag value H, step S2 is entered, otherwise the next maintenance area is detected; the preset sag value is calculated by the following formula: H = H j + 0.8 x 20% where H j is the sag of the floating device at completion, in meters; S2: setting a high-definition camera in the maintenance area to collect images of the air floating device 200; and transmitting the image data to an intelligent detection system in real time, wherein the intelligent detection system comprises an image recognition system; S3: the image recognition system identifies and analyzes the wrinkle height of the adhesive tape at the bottom of each air bag on the air floating device; If the wrinkle height of the adhesive tape is less than 1mm, it does not need to be replaced; if the wrinkle height of the adhesive tape is greater than or equal to 1mm and less than 2mm, the air bag is marked to increase the frequency of subsequent detection; if the wrinkle height of the adhesive tape is greater than or equal to 2mm, the air bag is replaced.

2. The airborne photovoltaic power system of claim 1, wherein, The detachable connection is a buckle connection.

3. The airborne photovoltaic power system of claim 1, wherein, The inner circle of the outer shell is provided with a plurality of photovoltaic panel mounting holes for fixing the photovoltaic panel on the inner container inside the outer shell.

4. The airborne photovoltaic power system of claim 1, wherein, The outer circle of the outer shell is provided with a plurality of connecting holes for connecting the air floating device; a carbon fiber rope is used to pass through the connecting holes to flexibly connect a plurality of air floating devices into a whole.

5. The airborne photovoltaic power system of claim 1, wherein, The air floating photovoltaic power generation system further comprises a cable, a generator and a direct current power distribution box; the cable connects the photovoltaic panel and the generator, and the direct current power distribution box is arranged between the photovoltaic panel and the generator to converge the cables on a plurality of floating blocks.

6. The airborne photovoltaic power system of claim 5, wherein, The supporting mechanism comprises a plurality of structural columns and a plurality of foundations, the foundations are arranged underground, the structural columns are installed above the foundations, a steel hanging ring is pre-buried on the structural column, and the steel hanging rings are connected by galvanized steel cables between the structural columns. The direct current power distribution box is installed on the structural column.

7. The airborne photovoltaic power system of claim 6, wherein, The air floating device is connected with the galvanized steel cable through the carbon fiber rope.

8. The airborne photovoltaic power system of claim 6, wherein, The foundation adopts a ground anchor, a gravity foundation or a uplift foundation.

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