A tunnel protection cabin capable of safety warning

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of tunnel protection cabins, and specifically relates to a tunnel protection cabin capable of safety warning, including a tunnel protection cabin body. A tunnel walking assembly is provided at the lower end of the tunnel protection cabin body, and an inner partition cabin of the protection cabin is fixedly installed inside the tunnel protection cabin body. The tunnel protection cabin capable of safety warning proposed by the present invention jointly uses a safety warning system and a cabin pressure sensor to monitor the internal environment of the inner partition cabin of the protection cabin in real time. In the case of high pressure inside the cabin caused by damage to internal equipment, the protection cabin can use an independent pressure relief mechanism to effectively discharge most of the high-pressure gas out of the cabin through the main exhaust pipe, and at the same time guide a small part of the high-pressure gas into the surplus gas concentration bin, realizing the dual function of independently releasing high-pressure gas and avoiding damage caused by excessive pressure inside the cabin; and using a gas propulsion mechanism to realize the automatic opening and closing of the oxygen supply seal to provide necessary oxygen supplement for the cabin.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of tunnel protection cabins, and specifically to a tunnel protection cabin capable of safety warning. Background Art

[0002] Tunnel protection cabins are usually placed near the first step of the tunnel face at the tunnel construction site. One of the main functions is to provide a safe shelter space for the surviving personnel in the tunnel construction area. Therefore, the protection cabin should have reliable strength, stiffness and airtightness. When accidents such as roof fall and collapse occur in the tunnel working face, the disaster environment is very complex. As an important facility in tunnel construction and operation, the application of its safety warning technology is also crucial. By installing various sensors and monitoring equipment to monitor various parameters and conditions in the tunnel in real time, potential safety risks can be detected in time and corresponding countermeasures can be taken. In addition, the tunnel protection cabin can be combined with an intelligent warning system. At present, although the tunnel protection cabin has played a certain role in safety warning and emergency shelter, there are still some technical defects.

[0003] In the prior art, such as a tunnel rescue cabin structure with the publication number of CN204703948U, which includes a cabin body, a cabin door and an escape door are hinged on the cabin body, a crawler is connected to the bottom of the cabin body, and a ventilation system, an oxygen supply system, an air purification system, an environment monitoring system, a communication system and a survival guarantee system are arranged in the cabin body. By configuring a ventilation system, an oxygen supply system, an air purification system, an environment monitoring system, a communication system and a survival guarantee system in the cabin body, after an accident occurs, a safe shelter space can be provided for the surviving personnel, which plays a buffering role for the rescue time and effectively reduces the casualties caused by the disaster.

[0004] In order to solve the problem that it is extremely easy for trapped personnel to be killed in tunnel accidents, the prior art adopts the method of equipping multiple safety systems in the rescue cabin for shelter.

[0005] However, in actual use, the traditional protection cabin is relatively airtight, resulting in easy and rapid consumption of oxygen. Although the oxygen inside can be supplemented by an oxygen generator, once a high-pressure situation occurs, components such as the oxygen generator and the pressure regulating valve inside the cabin are damaged and the pressure system cannot be adjusted. Then, the high-pressure gas in the protection cabin will rapidly accumulate, and the high-pressure gas cannot be released independently. Moreover, in a high-pressure and airtight environment, the autonomous supplement of oxygen in the rescue cabin cannot be achieved, resulting in difficulty in breathing for personnel inside the cabin.

[0006] Therefore, the present invention proposes a tunnel protection cabin capable of safety warning to solve the problems that the equipment in the existing tunnel protection cabin is damaged, resulting in the inability to automatically release high-pressure gas and the inability to independently supplement oxygen. It can effectively discharge most of the high-pressure gas out of the cabin independently, and at the same time guide a small part of the high-pressure gas for auxiliary oxygen supply, realizing the dual function of independently releasing high-pressure gas. Summary of the Invention

[0007] Aiming at the deficiencies of the existing technology, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a tunnel protection cabin capable of safety warning to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0008] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A tunnel protection cabin capable of safety warning, including the tunnel protection cabin body. A tunnel walking component is arranged at the lower end of the tunnel protection cabin body. An inner partition of the protection cabin is fixedly installed inside the tunnel protection cabin body. A safety warning system is arranged inside the inner partition of the protection cabin. A cabin body reinforcing rib plate is fixedly added between the inner partition of the protection cabin and the tunnel protection cabin body. The safety warning system includes a cabin body pressure sensor, which is arranged inside the inner partition of the protection cabin. The output end of the cabin body pressure sensor is electrically connected to a control system. An oxygen generator for the cabin is arranged inside the inner partition of the protection cabin. An oxygen delivery pump is fixedly installed at the upper end of the oxygen generator for the cabin. The output end of the oxygen delivery pump is fixedly connected to an oxygen delivery pipe. A branched oxygen pipe is hermetically connected to the oxygen delivery pipe. The output end of the branched oxygen pipe is provided with a centralized oxygen tank for the cabin. An oxygen delivery sealing port is opened on the lower inner wall of the centralized oxygen tank for the cabin. The centralized oxygen tank for the cabin is fixedly installed on the top surface of the inner cavity of the inner partition of the protection cabin. An independent pressure relief mechanism is arranged inside the centralized oxygen tank for the cabin. The independent pressure relief mechanism includes a main exhaust pipe, a branch exhaust pipe, a surplus gas concentration chamber, an annular filter cover and a ventilation fan group. The upper end of the main exhaust pipe penetrates through the top of the inner partition of the protection cabin and extends to the outside of the tunnel protection cabin body. The input end of the branch exhaust pipe is connected to the inner wall of one side of the main exhaust pipe in a through manner. The output end of the branch exhaust pipe is connected to the inner wall of the surplus gas concentration chamber in a through manner. A gas pushing component is arranged inside the surplus gas concentration chamber. The surplus gas concentration chamber is fixedly installed at the upper end of the centralized oxygen tank for the cabin. The annular filter cover is fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the centralized oxygen tank for the cabin by bolts. The ventilation fan group is arranged directly below the annular filter cover. A pressure relief port is connected to one inner wall of the inner partition of the protection cabin and extends to the outside of the tunnel protection cabin body.

[0009] Preferably, a central buffer cone block is movably installed on the inner surface of the main exhaust pipe. A central groove is opened on the central inner wall of the central buffer cone block. An inclined groove is arranged at the lower end of the central buffer cone block.

[0010] Preferably, the cross-section of the central buffer cone block is a "convex"-shaped structure, and a side groove is opened on the inner wall of one side of the central buffer cone block, and the side groove is connected to the input end of the branch exhaust pipe.

[0011] Preferably, an avoidance groove is opened on the inner wall of the central groove, and the avoidance grooves are provided in four groups and are distributed in a circular array about the central axis of the central buffer cone block. A pin shaft is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the lower end of the avoidance groove, and the outer surface of the pin shaft is rotatably connected to a force-blocking push plate, and the back surface of the force-blocking push plate is fixedly connected to an abutment elastic wire, and the other end of the abutment elastic wire is hinged to the inner side wall of the avoidance groove.

[0012] Preferably, a bottom buffer block and a top buffer block are fixedly mounted on the inner walls at both ends of the main exhaust pipe, respectively, and limiting protrusions are fixedly mounted on the inner ring surfaces of the bottom buffer block and the top buffer block.

[0013] Preferably, a guide rod is fixedly installed on the inner surface of the limiting protrusion, and four groups of guide rods are provided, and the sliding sleeves on the lower outer surfaces of the four groups of guide rods are provided with return springs, one end of the return spring is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the bottom buffer block, and the other end of the return spring is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the center buffer cone block.

[0014] Preferably, the upper end of the residual gas concentration warehouse is connected with a pressure relief valve and extends to the outside of the tunnel support cabin body, a control valve is arranged on the inner side wall of the pressure relief valve, and a high-pressure chamber is arranged in the upper inner cavity of the residual gas concentration warehouse.

[0015] Preferably, the gas propulsion assembly includes a sealed movable baffle movably mounted on the inner side of the residual gas concentration bin, a piston rod is fixedly connected to the central lower end of the sealed movable baffle, an outer surface of the piston rod is movably connected to the inner bottom surface of the residual gas concentration bin, a piston plate is fixedly mounted on the end of the piston rod away from the sealed movable baffle, and an outer surface of the piston plate is movably engaged with the lower end inner wall of the cabin oxygen concentration box.

[0016] Preferably, a compression spring is fixedly mounted on the lower surface of the sealing movable partition, and two groups of the compression springs are provided and symmetrically distributed on both sides of the piston rod, and the other ends of the two groups of compression springs are respectively fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the inner cavity of the residual gas concentration bin.

[0017] Preferably, a bucket-shaped oxygen exhaust hood is fixedly installed on the lower end of the annular filter hood. The bucket-shaped oxygen exhaust hood is a bucket-shaped structure that is open at the top and closed at the bottom. Arc-shaped dividing grooves are evenly opened on the inner wall of the bucket-shaped oxygen exhaust hood. The outer surface of the lower end of the bucket-shaped oxygen exhaust hood is fixedly connected to the driving part of the ventilation fan group.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0019] A tunnel protection cabin capable of safety warning proposed by the present invention monitors the internal environment of the compartments in the protection cabin in real time by combining a safety warning system and a cabin pressure sensor. In the case of high pressure in the cabin caused by damage to internal equipment, the protection cabin can use an independent pressure relief mechanism to effectively discharge most of the high-pressure gas out of the cabin through the main exhaust pipe, and at the same time guide a small part of the high-pressure gas into the surplus gas concentration bin, realizing the dual-function independent release of high-pressure gas and avoiding damage caused by excessive pressure in the cabin; and using a gas propulsion mechanism to realize the automatic opening and closing of the oxygen supply seal to provide necessary oxygen supplement for the cabin, solving the problems that high-pressure gas cannot be automatically released and oxygen cannot be independently supplemented due to damage to internal equipment in the existing tunnel protection cabin. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the protection cabin of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 It is a three-dimensional disassembly structure schematic diagram of the protection cabin of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 It is a side view sectional structure schematic diagram of the protection cabin of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 It is a connection structure schematic diagram of the independent pressure relief mechanism and the cabin oxygen concentration tank of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 5 It is a connection sectional structure schematic diagram of the independent pressure relief mechanism, the cabin oxygen generator and the cabin oxygen concentration tank of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 5 The enlarged structure schematic diagram at point A;

[0026] Figure 7 It is a connection sectional structure schematic diagram of the independent pressure relief mechanism and the cabin oxygen concentration tank of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 8 It is a connection structure schematic diagram of the surplus gas concentration bin, the annular filter cover and the ventilation fan group of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 9 It is a connection cross-sectional structure schematic diagram of the main exhaust pipe and the branch exhaust pipe of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 10 For the present invention Figure 9 The enlarged structure schematic diagram at point B;

[0030] Figure 11 It is a three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the funnel-shaped oxygen discharge cover of the present invention.

[0031] In the figure: 1. Tunnel protection cabin body; 11. Tunnel walking assembly; 12. Pressure relief port; 2. Inner partition cabin of the protection cabin; 21. Cabin body stiffening rib plate; 22. Cabin body pressure sensor; 3. Cabin body oxygen generator; 31. Oxygen delivery pump; 311. Oxygen delivery pipe; 32. Oxygen branch pipe; 4. Cabin body oxygen centralized box; 41. Main channel exhaust pipe; 411. Central buffer cone block; 4110. Side groove; 41100. Central groove; 4111. Avoidance groove; 4112. Pin shaft; 4113. Force-blocking push plate; 4114. Contact spring wire; 412. Bottom buffer block; 413. Top buffer block; 414. Limit convex block; 415. Guide rod; 416. Return spring; 42. Branch channel exhaust pipe; 43. Remaining gas centralized bin; 4311. Pressure relief valve; 430. High-pressure cavity; 431. Sealed movable partition board; 432. Piston rod; 433. Compression spring; 434. Piston plate; 44. Annular filter cover; 441. Hopper-shaped oxygen discharge cover; 4410. Arc-shaped dividing groove; 442. Fixed collar; 4421. Piston cleaning soft brush; 45. Ventilation fan group. Specific embodiments

[0032] In order to clearly and completely describe the purpose, technical solution of the present invention, and make the advantages more clear, the following further details the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments, and are only used to explain the embodiments of the present invention, not to limit the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] Example 1, please refer to Figure 1-11, the present invention provides a technical solution: a tunnel protection cabin capable of safety warning, including a tunnel protection cabin body 1. A tunnel walking assembly 11 is provided at the lower end of the tunnel protection cabin body 1. An inner partition cabin 2 of the tunnel protection cabin is fixedly installed inside the tunnel protection cabin body 1. A safety warning system is arranged inside the inner partition cabin 2 of the protection cabin. A cabin body reinforcing rib plate 21 is fixedly added between the inner partition cabin 2 of the protection cabin and the tunnel protection cabin body 1. The safety warning system includes a cabin body pressure sensor 22. The cabin body pressure sensor 22 is arranged inside the inner partition cabin 2 of the protection cabin. The output end of the cabin body pressure sensor 22 is electrically connected to a control system. An oxygen generator 3 for the cabin body is arranged inside the inner partition cabin 2 of the protection cabin. An oxygen delivery pump 31 is fixedly installed at the upper end of the oxygen generator 3 for the cabin body. The output end of the oxygen delivery pump 31 is fixedly connected to an oxygen delivery pipe 311. A branch oxygen pipe 32 is hermetically connected to the oxygen delivery pipe 311. The output end of the branch oxygen pipe 32 is provided with a cabin body oxygen concentration tank 4. An oxygen delivery sealing port is opened on the inner wall of the lower end of the cabin body oxygen concentration tank 4. The cabin body oxygen concentration tank 4 is fixedly installed on the top surface of the inner cavity of the inner partition cabin 2 of the protection cabin. An automatic pressure relief mechanism is arranged inside the cabin body oxygen concentration tank 4. The automatic pressure relief mechanism includes a main exhaust pipe 41, a branch exhaust pipe 42, a surplus gas concentration chamber 43, an annular filter cover 44 and a ventilation fan group 45. The upper end of the main exhaust pipe 41 penetrates through the top of the inner partition cabin 2 of the protection cabin and extends to the outside of the tunnel protection cabin body 1. The input end of the branch exhaust pipe 42 is connected to the inner wall of one side of the main exhaust pipe 41 in a penetrating manner. The output end of the branch exhaust pipe 42 is connected to the inner wall of the surplus gas concentration chamber 43 in a penetrating manner. A gas pushing assembly is arranged inside the surplus gas concentration chamber 43. The surplus gas concentration chamber 43 is fixedly installed at the upper end of the cabin body oxygen concentration tank 4. The annular filter cover 44 is fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the cabin body oxygen concentration tank 4 by bolts. The ventilation fan group 45 is arranged directly below the annular filter cover 44;

[0034] The tunnel protection cabin combines the safety warning system and the cabin body pressure sensor 22 to monitor the internal environment of the inner partition cabin 2 of the protection cabin in real time. In the case of high pressure inside the cabin caused by damage to the internal equipment, the protection cabin can use the automatic pressure relief mechanism to effectively discharge most of the high-pressure gas out of the cabin through the main exhaust pipe 41, and at the same time guide a small part of the high-pressure gas into the surplus gas concentration chamber 43 to achieve the dual function of automatically releasing high-pressure gas and avoid damage caused by excessive pressure inside the cabin; and use the gas pushing mechanism to realize the automatic opening and closing of the oxygen delivery sealing port to provide necessary oxygen supplement for the cabin, solving the problems that the high-pressure gas cannot be automatically released and the oxygen cannot be autonomously supplemented when the equipment inside the existing tunnel protection cabin is damaged;

[0035] It should be noted that the safety warning system includes a cabin pressure sensor 22 and an alarm. The cabin pressure sensor 22 monitors the air pressure inside the cabin compartment 2 in real time and monitors the cabin air pressure environment in real time. Once the cabin air pressure environment is abnormal, the control system controls the pressure relief port 12 to adjust the pressure system. When emergency failures occur in various components in the cabin, the high-pressure gas in the cabin is output from the high-pressure end to the low-pressure end, thereby realizing autonomous pressure relief and autonomous oxygen supply in the cabin.

[0036] Embodiment 2, refer to the attached Figure 1-11 On the basis of the first embodiment, in order to realize the accelerated discharge of the high-pressure gas in the cabin, the present embodiment further proposes that: a central buffer cone block 411 is movably installed on the inner surface of the main exhaust pipe 41, a central groove 41100 is provided on the central inner wall of the central buffer cone block 411, and an inclined groove is provided at the lower end of the central buffer cone block 411; the cross section of the central buffer cone block 411 is a "convex"-shaped structure, a side groove 4110 is provided on the inner wall of one side of the central buffer cone block 411, and the side groove 4110 is in contact with the branch exhaust pipe 42 The input ends are connected; an avoidance groove 4111 is provided on the inner wall of the central groove 41100, and the avoidance grooves 4111 are arranged in four groups and are distributed in a circular array about the central axis of the central buffer cone block 411, and a pin shaft 4112 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the lower end of the avoidance groove 4111, and a force-blocking push plate 4113 is rotatably connected to the outer surface of the pin shaft 4112, and an abutting elastic wire 4114 is fixedly connected to the back surface of the force-blocking push plate 4113, and the other end of the abutting elastic wire 4114 is hinged to the inner side wall of the avoidance groove 4111;

[0037] In this embodiment, refer to Figure 5 , Figure 6 As shown, from a physical point of view, high-pressure gas usually tends to flow to low-pressure areas. Then, when the air pressure inside the compartment 2 in the security cabin is at a high state, the high-pressure gas is discharged to the outside of the cabin through the main exhaust pipe 41. Specifically, when the high-pressure gas first enters the main exhaust pipe 41, most of the gas is discharged through the central groove 41100, and the movable force-blocking push plate 4113 is accommodated by opening an avoidance groove 4111 on the side wall of the central groove 41100. The high-pressure gas moves upward to push the inclined surface of the force-blocking push plate 4113. At this time, the force-blocking push plate 4113 is affected by the pin shaft 4112 and the abutting elastic wire 4114 to achieve rotation, and at this time, the abutting elastic wire 4114 is compressed and deformed. At the same time, the force-blocking push plate 4113 provides a certain degree of resistance to the high-pressure gas on the inside, so that the buffering purpose is achieved, and the high-pressure gas will provide an upward thrust to the central buffer cone block 411. At this time, refer to Figure 6As shown, when the high pressure exceeds a certain level, after the central buffer cone block 411 is pushed upward, a flowing channel is formed between the side groove 4110 and the branch duct exhaust pipe 42. At this time, a small part of the gas entering the inside of the side groove 4110 is discharged through the side groove 4110 and the branch duct exhaust pipe 42, which is used for the automatic opening and closing of the oxygen supply seal of the subsequent cabin oxygen concentrator 4. It should be noted that the side groove 4110 can not only guide a small part of the high-pressure gas, but also assist in the propulsion of the central buffer cone block 411, further improving the rapid discharge of the high-pressure gas inside the inner compartment 2 of the protection cabin, avoiding the long-term accumulation of high-pressure gas in the cabin, and preventing discomfort symptoms such as headache, tinnitus, and difficulty breathing for the people taking shelter in the protection cabin.

[0038] Example 3, referring to the attached Figure 1-11 , on the basis of Example 2, in order to achieve the stability of the central buffer cone block 411 during movement, this example also proposes: bottom buffer blocks 412 and top buffer blocks 413 are respectively fixedly installed on the inner walls at both ends of the main duct exhaust pipe 41. Limiting protrusions 414 are fixedly installed on the inner ring surfaces of the bottom buffer block 412 and the top buffer block 413; guiding rods 415 are fixedly installed on the inner surfaces of the limiting protrusions 414. There are four groups of guiding rods 415, and a return spring 416 is slidably sleeved on the lower outer surface of the four groups of guiding rods 415. One end of the return spring 416 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the bottom buffer block 412, and the other end of the return spring 416 is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the central buffer cone block 411;

[0039] In this example, by installing the bottom buffer block 412 and the top buffer block 413 at both ends of the main duct exhaust pipe 41 channel respectively, the two ends of the movable central buffer cone block 411 can be blocked, and at the same time, the buffering of the central buffer cone block 411 can be satisfied, avoiding the situation of damage caused by impact. The guiding rods 415 penetrate through the inner wall of the central buffer cone block 411 to provide stable limit for the vertical movement of the central buffer cone block 411. Through the return spring 416 sleeved outside the guiding rod 415, it is ensured that after the pressure balance, the central buffer cone block 411 is assisted to retract, closing the flowing channel between the side groove 4110 and the branch duct exhaust pipe 42. At this time, the high-pressure gas no longer discharges into the surplus gas concentration bin 43.

[0040] Example 4, referring to the attached Figure 1-11, on the basis of Embodiment III, in order to realize the automatic opening and closing of the oxygen supply seal at the bottom of the cabin oxygen concentration tank 4, this embodiment proposes that: a pressure relief valve 4311 is connected through the upper end of the surplus gas concentration chamber 43 and extends to the outside of the tunnel protection cabin body 1, and a control valve is arranged on the inner side wall of the pressure relief valve 4311. A high-pressure chamber 430 is arranged in the upper inner cavity of the surplus gas concentration chamber 43; the gas pushing assembly includes a sealing movable partition 431 movably installed inside the surplus gas concentration chamber 43. A piston rod 432 is fixedly connected to the lower center of the sealing movable partition 431. The outer surface of the piston rod 432 is movably connected to the inner bottom surface of the surplus gas concentration chamber 43. One end of the piston rod 432 away from the sealing movable partition 431 is fixedly installed with a piston plate 434. The outer surface of the piston plate 434 is movably embedded with the lower inner wall of the cabin oxygen concentration tank 4; a compression spring 433 is fixedly installed on the lower surface of the sealing movable partition 431. There are two groups of compression springs 433 and they are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the piston rod 432. The other ends of the two groups of compression springs 433 are respectively fixedly connected to the inner cavity bottom surface of the surplus gas concentration chamber 43;

[0041] In this embodiment, a small part of the high-pressure gas enters the inner cavity of the surplus gas concentration chamber 43 through the guidance of the side groove 4110 and the branch duct exhaust pipe 42. At this time, the high-pressure chamber 430 is filled with high-pressure gas. Affected by the gas, the sealing movable partition 431 drives the piston rod 432 to move downward, and then drives the piston plate 434 downward. At this time, the compression spring 433 is compressed by the sealing movable partition 431. During the downward movement of the piston plate 434, the oxygen supply seal at the bottom of the cabin oxygen concentration tank 4 is gradually opened. Then, the oxygen inside the cabin oxygen concentration tank 4 continuously supplements the inner compartment 2 of the protection cabin. It should be noted that since the oxygen produced by the cabin oxygen generator 3 is filled into the cabin oxygen concentration tank 4 through the opening of the oxygen supply pump 31, so that the oxygen passes through the oxygen supply pipe 311 and the oxygen distribution branch pipe 32. To ensure that the cabin oxygen generator 3 does not work continuously, after the cabin oxygen concentration tank 4 is filled with moving oxygen, it is closed, and then the autonomous and appropriate supplement of oxygen is realized through a small part of the guided high-pressure gas, which not only ensures the automatic supply of oxygen in the protection cabin but also saves energy consumption; It is worth noting that the top of the surplus gas concentration chamber 43 is connected with a pressure relief valve 4311, which can perform autonomous pressure relief on the high-pressure chamber 430.

[0042] Embodiment V, referring to the attached Figure 1-11 , on the basis of Embodiment IV, in order to ensure the uniformity of the oxygen supply in the protection cabin, this embodiment also proposes that: a funnel-shaped oxygen discharge cover 441 is fixedly installed at the lower end of the annular filter cover 44. The funnel-shaped oxygen discharge cover 441 has a funnel-shaped structure with an upper opening and a lower closing. Arc-shaped dividing grooves 4410 are evenly arranged on the inner wall of the funnel-shaped oxygen discharge cover 441. The outer surface of the lower end of the funnel-shaped oxygen discharge cover 441 is fixedly connected to the driving member of the ventilation fan group 45;

[0043] In this embodiment, oxygen is output through the channel where the annular filter cover 44 communicates with the oxygen delivery sealing port. When the piston plate 434 is pushed downward, its diameter is smaller than the inner diameter of the annular filter cover 44. At this time, oxygen will be output through the gap between the piston plate 434 and the annular filter cover 44. Driven by the ventilation fan group 45, it can not only ensure the circulation of the air inside the compartment 2 in the protection cabin, but also ensure the diffusion of the output oxygen. Refer to Figure 8 As shown, when oxygen is discharged through the funnel-shaped oxygen discharge cover 441, the oxygen can be divided by evenly arranging the arc-shaped dividing grooves 4410. In this way, the uniformity of oxygen distribution is increased. The ventilation fan group 45 drives the oxygen downward to prevent the oxygen from staying in the upper layer of the cabin body, further enhancing the oxygen supply for the people taking shelter;

[0044] It should be noted that a fixed collar 442 is fixedly installed on the inner ring surface of the annular filter cover 44. The fixed collar 442 is in the shape of an annular plate. A piston cleaning soft brush 4421 is fixedly installed on the inner ring surface of the fixed collar 442. The outer surface of the piston cleaning soft brush 4421 is movably connected to the outer surface of the piston plate 434. By adding the fixed collar 442 and the piston cleaning soft brush 4421 to the inner ring surface of the annular filter cover 44, it can be ensured that during the continuous downward push of the piston plate 434 by high-pressure gas, the piston plate 434 is suspended inside the annular filter cover 44. At this time, some dust is likely to adhere to the surface of the piston plate 434. Then, through the design of the piston cleaning soft brush 4421, it can be ensured that the dust on the surface of the piston plate 434 is treated when the piston plate 434 is retracted, avoiding the blockage of the oxygen delivery sealing port of the oxygen concentrator 4 in the cabin body. On the one hand, it avoids the corrosion of the piston plate 434, and on the other hand, it avoids the situation of the failure of the oxygen delivery sealing port plugging.

[0045] Embodiment Six. Refer to the appendix Figure 1-11, the present invention also provides a method for using a tunnel protection cabin capable of safety warning, including the following steps: Step 1, real-time monitoring and safety warning: The safety warning system installed inside the tunnel protection cabin monitors the cabin environment in real time, including key parameters such as air pressure. Once the air pressure environment inside the cabin is abnormal, the control system controls the pressure relief port 12 to adjust the pressure system and activates the corresponding warning mechanism; Step 2, autonomous pressure relief: In the case of high-pressure gas generated due to damage to the equipment inside the cabin, the autonomous pressure relief mechanism starts to work. Most of the high-pressure gas is partially discharged outside the cabin through the main exhaust pipe 41, and at the same time, a small part of the high-pressure gas is guided into the high-pressure chamber 430 of the surplus gas concentration bin 43, and a dual autonomous pressure relief function is realized through structures such as the gas pushing component; Step 3, when the high pressure exceeds a certain level, after the central buffer cone 411 is pushed upward, a flowing channel is formed between the side groove 4110 and the branch exhaust pipe 42. At this time, a small part of the gas entering the side groove 4110 is discharged through the side groove 4110 and the branch exhaust pipe 42, which is used for the automatic opening and closing of the oxygen supply seal of the cabin body oxygen concentration box 4; Step 4, a small part of the high-pressure gas is guided into the inner cavity of the surplus gas concentration bin 43 through the side groove 4110 and the branch exhaust pipe 42. At this time, the high-pressure chamber 430 is filled with high-pressure gas. Affected by the gas, the sealed movable partition 431 drives the piston rod 432 to move downward, and then drives the piston plate 434 downward. At this time, the compression spring 433 is compressed by the sealed movable partition 431. During the downward movement of the piston plate 434, the oxygen supply seal at the bottom of the cabin body oxygen concentration box 4 is gradually opened. Then, the oxygen inside the cabin body oxygen concentration box 4 continuously replenishes the inner cabin 2 of the protection cabin; Step 5, the oxygen is evenly distributed into the cabin through the annular filter cover 44 and the funnel-shaped oxygen discharge cover 441, ensuring that the refuge personnel receive sufficient oxygen supply. Driven by the ventilation fan group 45, it can not only maintain the circulation of the air inside the inner cabin 2 of the protection cabin, but also ensure the diffusion of the output oxygen.

[0046] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, for those of ordinary skill in the art, it can be understood that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A tunnel support cabin capable of providing safety warning, comprising a tunnel support cabin body (1), a tunnel travel assembly (11) being arranged at the lower end of the tunnel support cabin body (1), a support cabin inner compartment (2) being fixedly mounted on the inner side of the tunnel support cabin body (1), and a safety warning system being arranged inside the support cabin inner compartment (2), characterized in that: A cabin reinforcement rib plate (21) is fixedly provided between the support cabin inner compartment (2) and the tunnel support cabin body (1); the safety warning system comprises a cabin pressure sensor (22); the cabin pressure sensor (22) is arranged on the inner side of the support cabin inner compartment (2); an output end of the cabin pressure sensor (22) is electrically connected to a control system; a cabin oxygen generator (3) is provided inside the support cabin inner compartment (2); an oxygen pump (31) is fixedly installed on the upper end of the cabin oxygen generator (3); The output end of the pump (31) is fixedly connected to an oxygen supply pipe (311), and the oxygen supply pipe (311) is sealedly connected to an oxygen distribution branch pipe (32). The output end of the oxygen distribution branch pipe (32) is provided with a cabin oxygen concentration box (4), and an oxygen supply seal is provided on the inner wall of the lower end of the cabin oxygen concentration box (4). The cabin oxygen concentration box (4) is fixedly installed on the top surface of the inner cavity of the compartment (2) in the support cabin, and an autonomous pressure relief mechanism is provided inside the cabin oxygen concentration box (4), and the autonomous pressure relief mechanism includes a main exhaust pipe (41), a branch exhaust pipe (42), a surplus gas concentration chamber (43), an annular filter cover (44) and a ventilation fan group (45), wherein the upper end of the main exhaust pipe (41) penetrates the top of the compartment (2) in the support cabin and extends to the outside of the tunnel support cabin body (1), and the main exhaust pipe (41) penetrates the cabin body oxygen concentration box (4), and the compartment (2) in the support cabin can use an autonomous pressure relief mechanism to discharge most of the high-pressure gas outside the cabin through the main exhaust pipe (41). The input of the branch exhaust pipe (42) The end of the branch exhaust pipe (42) is connected to the inner wall of one side of the main exhaust pipe (41), the output end of the branch exhaust pipe (42) is connected to the inner wall of the residual gas concentration bin (43), a gas pushing assembly is arranged inside the residual gas concentration bin (43), the residual gas concentration bin (43) is fixedly mounted on the upper end of the cabin oxygen concentration box (4), the annular filter cover (44) is fixedly mounted on the bottom surface of the cabin oxygen concentration box (4) by bolts, and the ventilation fan group (45) is arranged directly below the annular filter cover (44); A central buffer cone block (411) is movably mounted on the inner surface of the main exhaust pipe (41), a central groove (41100) is provided on the central inner wall of the central buffer cone block (411), an inclined groove is provided at the lower end of the central buffer cone block (411), a cross section of the central buffer cone block (411) presents a "convex"-shaped structure, a side groove (4110) is provided on the inner wall of one side of the central buffer cone block (411), and the side groove (4110) is connected to the input end of the branch exhaust pipe (42); The gas propulsion assembly includes a sealing movable baffle (431) movably mounted on the inner side of the residual gas concentration chamber (43); a piston rod (432) is fixedly connected to the central lower end of the sealing movable baffle (431); an outer surface of the piston rod (432) is movably connected to the inner bottom surface of the residual gas concentration chamber (43); a piston plate (434) is fixedly mounted on one end of the piston rod (432) away from the sealing movable baffle (431); and an outer surface of the piston plate (434) is movably engaged with the lower inner wall of the cabin oxygen concentration box (4).

2. A tunnel support cabin capable of safety warning according to claim 1, characterized in that: An avoidance groove (4111) is provided on the inner wall of the central groove (41100), and the avoidance grooves (4111) are arranged in four groups and are distributed in a circular array about the central axis of the central buffer cone block (411), and a pin shaft (4112) is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the lower end of the avoidance groove (4111), and the outer surface of the pin shaft (4112) is rotatably connected to a force-blocking push plate (4113), and the back surface of the force-blocking push plate (4113) is fixedly connected to an abutting elastic wire (4114), and the other end of the abutting elastic wire (4114) is hinged to the inner side wall of the avoidance groove (4111).

3. A tunnel support cabin capable of safety warning according to claim 1, characterized in that: A bottom buffer block (412) and a top buffer block (413) are fixedly mounted on the inner walls at both ends of the main exhaust pipe (41), respectively, and a limiting protrusion (414) is fixedly mounted on the inner ring surfaces of the bottom buffer block (412) and the top buffer block (413).

4. A tunnel support cabin capable of safety warning according to claim 3, characterized in that: A guide rod (415) is fixedly mounted on the inner surface of the limiting protrusion (414), and four groups of the guide rods (415) are provided. The sliding sleeves on the lower outer surfaces of the four groups of guide rods (415) are provided with return springs (416), one end of the return spring (416) is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the bottom buffer block (412), and the other end of the return spring (416) is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the central buffer cone block (411).

5. The tunnel support cabin capable of safety warning according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper end of the surplus gas concentration chamber (43) is connected to a pressure relief valve (4311) and extends to the outside of the tunnel support cabin body (1); a control valve is provided on the inner side wall of the pressure relief valve (4311); and a high-pressure chamber (430) is provided in the upper inner cavity of the surplus gas concentration chamber (43).

6. The tunnel support cabin capable of safety warning according to claim 1, characterized in that: A compression spring (433) is fixedly mounted on the lower surface of the sealing movable partition (431), and two groups of the compression springs (433) are provided and symmetrically distributed on both sides of the piston rod (432), and the other ends of the two groups of compression springs (433) are respectively fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the inner cavity of the residual gas concentration bin (43).

7. The tunnel support cabin capable of safety warning according to claim 1, characterized in that: A bucket-shaped oxygen exhaust hood (441) is fixedly mounted at the lower end of the annular filter hood (44); the bucket-shaped oxygen exhaust hood (441) is a bucket-shaped structure with an upper opening and a lower closing; arc-shaped dividing grooves (4410) are evenly arranged on the inner wall of the bucket-shaped oxygen exhaust hood (441); and the outer surface of the lower end of the bucket-shaped oxygen exhaust hood (441) is fixedly connected to a driving member of the ventilation fan assembly (45).

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