An arc-shaped windbreak wall structure and a direct air-cooled condenser

Abstract

This application relates to the field of steam condensers and auxiliary devices, and particularly to an arc-shaped windbreak wall structure and a direct air-cooled condenser, which includes a lower wall, an upper wall, and an arc-shaped wall. The number of the lower wall, the upper wall, and the arc-shaped wall is the same and they are arranged vertically. There are at least four pieces of the lower wall, the upper wall, and the arc-shaped wall respectively. The side end of the lower wall is connected or fixed to the side end of another lower wall. The upper end of the lower wall is connected or fixed to the lower end of the upper wall. The side end of the upper wall is connected or fixed to the side end of the arc-shaped wall. The arc-shaped wall is spaced from the upper wall to achieve a rounded corner transition between the upper walls. The arc-shaped wall is connected to two lower walls through angle plates arranged horizontally or obliquely. Compared with a rectangular windbreak wall, it can reduce the wind pressure on the windbreak wall. In extreme cases, the force on the windbreak wall is reduced. The arc-shaped wall saves more materials compared with a right-angle structure, reduces the weight of the windbreak wall, and lowers the cost of the windbreak wall. It can not only not affect the actual use but also improve the external air flow environment, improve the heat transfer efficiency of the air-cooled condenser, and make the entire equipment more energy-efficient.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of steam condensers and auxiliary devices, and in particular to an arc-shaped windshield wall structure and a direct air cooler. Background Art

[0002] Direct air coolers are usually used on steam turbines to cool down the steam generated by the steam turbines. In order to ensure the stability of heat exchange, fans are usually required to cool down the direct air coolers. The platform formed by multiple fans and direct air coolers installed in the air is called an air-cooling island. The air-cooling island is generally located in an outdoor environment and is as high as tens of meters. The wind speed in the natural environment is uncertain. Therefore, based on the impact on the load and heat exchange efficiency of the direct air cooler in a natural wind environment, it is usually necessary to set a windbreak wall outside the direct air cooler.

[0003] The windbreak wall is an important component of the air cooler. It has a significant impact on the overall performance of the air cooler (preventing hot air circulation), structural safety (blocking the annular wind pressure generated at high wind speeds), and cost (the structural cost of the air cooler accounts for more than 20%). Therefore, in-depth research on the windbreak wall is very important.

[0004] The rectangular windshield is the most common windshield design in the direct air cooler industry. The details vary slightly according to the ideas of different manufacturers. The current mainstream is the rectangular arrangement of the windshield within the outer aisle. The existing windshield has a rigid design and has not been further improved for many years. The design is conservative and extensive, which is not conducive to cost control. In addition, the structure of the windshield will also affect the performance of the air cooler. There are different requirements in different seasons. In summer, the main consideration is heat dissipation performance. How to form a stable airflow to reduce energy consumption is more critical. In winter, especially in the north, anti-freezing issues need to be considered to avoid pipe blockage or freezing cracks.

[0005] The Chinese patent number "CN 220981996 U" and the patent name "A wind guide wall and direct air cooling device" discloses a windbreak wall structure and an air cooling structure. The windbreak wall is a rectangular structure. The manufacturing cost of this structure is high and it is impossible to make efficient use of natural wind, especially in coastal areas where the wind speed is the largest. When designing the windbreak wall, it is necessary to consider the extreme environment, otherwise there will be safety hazards. Designing a large safety factor requires a large amount of steel.

[0006] The Chinese patent number "CN116242161A" and the patent name "Performance-controllable air-cooled condenser antifreeze device and its multiple antifreeze working modes" discloses the air-cooler structure and the windshield wall structure. The windshield wall is also a rectangular structure. It can be said that the rectangular windshield wall is currently in common use. Summary of the invention

[0007] The present application provides an arc-shaped windbreak wall structure and a direct air-cooled condenser to solve at least the above technical problems existing in the prior art.

[0008] According to the first aspect of the present application, an arc-shaped windbreak wall structure is provided, which includes a lower wall, an upper wall, and an arc wall. The lower wall, the upper wall, and the arc wall are the same in number and arranged vertically. There are at least four pieces of each of the lower wall, the upper wall, and the arc wall. The side end of one lower wall is connected or fixed to the side end of another lower wall. The upper end of the lower wall is connected or fixed to the lower end of the upper wall. The side end of the upper wall is connected or fixed to the side end of the arc wall. The arc wall is spaced from the upper wall to achieve a rounded corner transition between the upper walls. The arc wall is connected to two lower walls through angle plates arranged horizontally or obliquely.

[0009] Compared with the prior art, the arc-shaped windbreak wall structure of the present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0010] Compared with a rectangular windbreak wall, it can reduce the wind pressure on the windbreak wall. In extreme cases, the force on the windbreak wall is reduced. The arc wall saves more materials compared with a right-angle structure, reduces the weight of the windbreak wall, and lowers the cost of the windbreak wall. This design does not affect the operation and daily maintenance of the direct air-cooled condenser surrounded by the windbreak wall. There is no need to increase the width and length of the windbreak wall. A rounded corner transition of the upper wall is added while keeping the bottom size of the windbreak wall unchanged, which not only does not affect the actual use but also improves the external air flow environment, increases the air circulation speed, improves the heat exchange efficiency of the air-cooled condenser, and makes the entire equipment more energy-efficient.

[0011] In an implementable embodiment, the height of the lower wall is 2 meters to 5 meters. The horizontal cross-section of the arc wall is a quarter-circular arc or a polygonal structure approximately formed by connecting multiple short straight lines into an arc. The radius of the arc of the arc wall is 2 meters to 5 meters, and the larger the height of the lower wall, the larger the radius of the arc of the arc wall.

[0012] According to the second aspect of the present application, a direct air-cooled condenser is provided, which includes a first tube bundle box, a second tube bundle box, and a steam distribution pipe. The upper ends of the first tube bundle box and the second tube bundle box are lapped under the steam distribution pipe to form a triangular heat exchange structure. The above-mentioned arc-shaped windbreak wall structure is arranged outside the heat exchange structure, which can improve the stability of the external air flow of the air-cooled condenser and make the heat exchange performance more stable.

[0013] In an implementable embodiment, the upper wall includes a first upper wall, a second upper wall, a third upper wall, and a fourth upper wall. The width of the first upper wall is the same as that of the third upper wall. The side ends on both sides of the first upper wall are respectively connected to the side ends of the second upper wall and the fourth upper wall. The first upper wall and the third upper wall are located on both sides of the heat exchange structure such that the distance between the upper ends of the first upper wall and the third upper wall and the heat exchange structure is greater than the distance between the lower ends and the heat exchange structure. Both the first upper wall and the third upper wall are provided with concave portions, and the concave portions extend towards the heat exchange structure relative to the first upper wall or the third upper wall, such that the concave portions are closer to the heat exchange structure relative to the first upper wall or the third upper wall. The setting of the concave portions can increase the air flow velocity above the direct air cooler, reduce the air pressure above the direct air cooler, increase the pressure difference between the upper and lower parts of the direct air cooler, which is equivalent to reducing the air flow resistance inside the direct air cooler. This can not only improve the heat exchange efficiency but also reduce the wind load on the upper wall.

[0014] In an implementable embodiment, the concave portion includes a first inclined surface and a second inclined surface. The first inclined surface and the second inclined surface intersect at a first edge, and the first edge extends gradually towards the heat exchange structure from bottom to top.

[0015] In an implementable embodiment, a second lower wall is provided below the second upper wall. The second upper wall and / or the second lower wall are provided with ventilation openings, and an air inlet is provided on the end face of the heat exchange structure. The air inlet is located obliquely below the first tube bundle box and the second tube bundle box, and the ventilation openings are communicated with the air inlet.

[0016] In an implementable embodiment, both the ventilation openings and the air inlet are triangular, and the ventilation openings are larger than the air inlet.

[0017] In an implementable embodiment, a number of one-way air vanes are provided in the ventilation openings and / or the air inlet. The one-way air vanes are in a closed state under the action of gravity, but when the air pressure outside the one-way air vanes exceeds a certain range compared with the air pressure inside, the one-way air vanes can rotate and open, enabling the external air of the arc-shaped windbreak wall structure to enter below the first tube bundle box and the second tube bundle box through the ventilation openings and the air inlet. In this way, the external air can be utilized to increase the heat exchange efficiency in summer, and the ventilation openings and / or the air inlet can be closed as appropriate in winter.

[0018] In an implementable embodiment, the one-way air vanes are provided with an electric driving device or a hydraulic driving device to enable control of the opening size.

[0019] In an implementable embodiment, a wind baffle is provided below the first tube bundle box and the second tube bundle box. The wind baffle is arranged in the vertical direction, thus preventing the external air from flowing downward after entering below the first tube bundle box and the second tube bundle box and increasing the load on the lower fans. A plurality of heat exchange structures are provided inside the arc-shaped windbreak wall, and the heat exchange structures are arranged in a multi-row and multi-column matrix. Different quantities can adopt the same layout design.

[0020] According to the third aspect of the present application, a design method for the arc-shaped windbreak wall structure of a direct air-cooled condenser is provided. First, a simulated wind field analysis is carried out to calculate the magnitude of the wind load under extreme conditions; secondly, 3D3S analysis is carried out to ensure safety under extreme conditions; finally, a feasibility study on actual construction is carried out for targeted optimization design of the specific structure. Such a design can achieve higher heat transfer efficiency and lower cost investment.

[0021] It should be understood that the content described in this part is not intended to identify the key or important features of the embodiments of the present application, nor is it used to limit the scope of the present application. Other features of the present application will become easily understood through the following description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] By referring to the accompanying drawings and reading the following detailed description, the above and other objects, features, and advantages of the exemplary embodiments of the present application will become easily understood. In the drawings, several embodiments of the present application are shown in an exemplary rather than restrictive manner, wherein:

[0023] In the drawings, the same or corresponding reference numerals represent the same or corresponding parts.

[0024] Figure 1 The schematic diagram of the arc-shaped windbreak wall structure of the embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0025] Figure 2 The schematic diagram of the steel frame model of the arc-shaped windbreak wall structure of the embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0026] Figure 3 The schematic diagram of the external flow field analysis of the environmental wind (parallel to the steam distribution pipe direction) on the windward side of the rectangular windbreak wall in the prior art is shown;

[0027] Figure 4 The schematic diagram of the external flow field analysis of the environmental wind (perpendicular to the steam distribution pipe direction) on the windward side of the rectangular windbreak wall in the prior art is shown;

[0028] Figure 5 The schematic diagram of the external flow field simulation analysis of the environmental wind (parallel to the steam distribution pipe direction) on the windward side of the arc-shaped windbreak wall of the embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0029] Figure 6 The schematic diagram of the external flow field simulation analysis of the environmental wind (perpendicular to the steam distribution pipe direction) on the windward side of the arc-shaped windbreak wall of the embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0030] Figure 7 The schematic diagram of the application of the wind load shape coefficient on the windward side of the rectangular windbreak wall along the intake direction of the steam wind pipe in the prior art is shown;

[0031] Figure 8 The schematic diagram of the application of the wind load shape coefficient on the windward side of the rectangular windbreak wall perpendicular to the intake direction of the steam wind pipe in the prior art is shown;

[0032] Figure 9 Shows the schematic diagram of the application of the wind load coefficient on the windward surface of the arc-shaped windbreak wall in the embodiment of the present application along the intake direction of the steam air distribution pipe;

[0033] Figure 10 Shows the schematic diagram of the application of the wind load coefficient on the windward surface of the arc-shaped windbreak wall perpendicular to the intake direction of the steam air distribution pipe in the embodiment of the present application;

[0034] Figure 11 Shows the schematic diagram of the composition structure of the direct air cooler in Embodiment 1 of the present application;

[0035] Figure 12 Shows the schematic diagram of the composition structure of the direct air cooler in Embodiment 3 of the present application Figure 1 ;

[0036] Figure 13 Shows the schematic diagram of the composition structure of the direct air cooler in Embodiment 3 of the present application Figure 2 ;

[0037] Figure 14 Shows the schematic diagram of the arc-shaped windbreak wall structure of the direct air cooler in Embodiment 3 of the present application;

[0038] Figure 15 Shows the schematic diagram of the heat exchange structure of the direct air cooler in Embodiment 3 of the present application;

[0039] Figure 16 Shows the schematic diagram of the unidirectional wind vane of the direct air cooler in Embodiment 3 of the present application;

[0040] Figure 17 Shows the schematic diagram of the internal wind baffle of the heat exchange structure of the direct air cooler in Embodiment 3 of the present application;

[0041] Figure 18 Shows the schematic diagram of the composition structure of the direct air cooler in Embodiment 4 of the present application. Detailed implementation manners

[0042] To make the objectives, features, and advantages of the present application more obvious and understandable, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present application.

[0043] Embodiment 1:

[0044] Reference Figure 1, An arc-shaped windbreak structure, including a lower wall 1, an upper wall 2 and an arc wall 3. The lower wall 1, the upper wall 2 and the arc wall 3 are the same in number and are arranged vertically. There are at least four pieces for each of the lower wall 1, the upper wall 2 and the arc wall 3. The side end of the lower wall 1 is connected or fixed to the side end of another lower wall 1. The upper end of the lower wall 1 is connected or fixed to the lower end of the upper wall 2. The side end of the upper wall 2 is connected or fixed to the side end of the arc wall 3. The arc wall 3 is arranged at an interval from the upper wall 2 to achieve a fillet transition between the upper walls 2. The arc wall 3 is connected to two lower walls 1 through angle plates 4 arranged horizontally or obliquely. Refer to Figure 2 , A steel frame model of an arc-shaped windbreak structure. A windbreak structure can be formed by installing panels on the steel frame. The lower wall 1, the upper wall 2 and the arc wall 3 are composed of multiple panels spliced together. For the panels, wall-type color steel plates can be considered, or JORD's roof-type color steel plates can also be used. The specific structure is not limited.

[0045] In an embodiment, the height of the lower wall 1 is 2 meters to 5 meters. The horizontal cross-section of the arc wall 3 is a quarter-circular arc or a polygonal structure approximately formed by connecting multiple short straight lines into an arc. The arc radius of the arc wall 3 is 2 meters to 5 meters, and the larger the height of the lower wall 1, the larger the arc radius of the arc wall 3.

[0046] To verify the technical advantages of this application, an environmental air flow field CAE study is carried out. Based on a specific project, a flow field analysis model of the air-cooled island of a traditional windbreak and the air-cooled island of a preset optimized windbreak structure is established. The environmental air flow field of the two windbreaks in two main directions is analyzed to study the pressure distribution on the windbreak and calculate the wind load shape coefficient. Then, the stress analysis of the windbreak is carried out. When the flow field analysis results of the preset optimized windbreak structure achieve positive effects, a detailed steel structure stress analysis model of the air-cooled islands of the two windbreak forms is established for structural analysis to compare the advantages and disadvantages of the new and old structures and the cost changes.

[0047] Wind load calculation formula for the air-cooled condenser windbreak:

[0048] Where: —— Standard value of wind load; —— Gust coefficient at height z; —— Local shape coefficient of wind load;

[0049] —— Coefficient of variation of wind pressure with height; —— Basic wind pressure;

[0050] Except for the local shape coefficient of wind load, the values and uses of other parameters are specified in detail in the national standard, and the calculation software can also apply them automatically. The value of the local shape coefficient of wind load is comprehensively referred to the national standard, Shuangliang, GEA, etc.

[0051] The arc-shaped windbreak wall structure is installed on the wind island platform. The four ends of the original rectangular windbreak wall above 3 meters of the platform surface are changed to arcs, namely the upper wall 2 and the arc wall 3. The arc transition on both sides of the windbreak wall can reduce the wind pressure, and changing the four ends to arcs can reduce the steel consumption of the windbreak wall. The original rectangular windbreak wall is retained on the platform surface from 0 to 3 meters, namely the lower wall 1. This is convenient for retaining the original layout of walkways, upper and lower inclined ladder entrances, electric hoists, etc., and reducing the design difficulty and unpredictability.

[0052] Furthermore, through flow field analysis and comparative research, accurate wind load shape coefficient values are obtained, making the wind load values of the 3D3S structural analysis model more accurate, which helps to reduce costs.

[0053] Finally, by referring to the wind pressure distribution results of the flow field analysis and replacing the original wind load action mode in 3D3S, the wind load values of the 3D3S structural analysis model are made more accurate, which helps to reduce costs.

[0054] Solidworks Flow Simulation is selected as the external flow field analysis software, and its basic parameter settings are as follows (where the basic wind pressure value is taken from the parameters of a certain isomerization project):

[0055] 1. Unit system: N M M (mm-g-s);

[0056] 2. Analysis type: External * Exclude cavities without flow conditions and exclude internal spaces

[0057] 3. Fluid: Air

[0058] 4. Flow type: Laminar flow and turbulent flow * Do not consider high Mach number flow and humidity

[0059] 5. Wall thermal condition: Adiabatic wall

[0060] 6. Wall roughness: Ra3.2

[0061] 7. Ambient temperature: 20.05 °C, corresponding atmospheric pressure: 0.101325 MPa

[0062] 8. Basic wind pressure: 0.35 KN / m2, converted wind speed: 23.66432 m / s

[0063] 9. Turbulence intensity: 0.1%, turbulence length: 300 mm * System default value, the turbulence setting value is not provided in the relevant standards of air coolers

[0064] After the calibration of the wind load shape coefficient through simulation analysis, it can be found from the wind pressure distribution on each surface that the offset at both ends of each surface is relatively large, the middle value fluctuates less and the wind pressure value is relatively large. Therefore, the data of the cells in the concentrated area of the wind pressure peak on each surface are taken as the effective analysis values for the calibration of the wind load shape coefficient. Through weighted average, the following Table 1 can be obtained:

[0065]

[0066] As can be seen from the data in the above table, the calculated wind load shape coefficients of the independent wall, the side surface of the rectangular closed surface structure, and the leeward surface of the rectangular closed surface structure are all smaller than the corresponding values in the national standard. According to the analysis results of this section and the idea of conservative value taking, during the subsequent analysis, the calibration coefficient λ1 of the windward surface of the windbreak wall is taken as 1.1, λ2 of the side wind surface of the windbreak wall is taken as 1.3, and λ3 of the leeward surface of the windbreak wall is taken as 1.15.

[0067] The wind pressure formula adopted during the subsequent analysis is changed to:

[0068] 1) Wind pressure formula for the windward surface of the windbreak wall:

[0069] 2) Wind pressure formula for the side wind surface of the windbreak wall:

[0070] 3) Wind pressure formula for the leeward surface of the windbreak wall:

[0071] Analysis of the external flow field of the ambient wind of the rectangular windbreak wall: (Note: The basic external dimension, the elevation of the air-cooled island, the basic wind pressure, etc. of the windbreak wall structure in this embodiment are all taken from a certain isomerization project.)

[0072] The basic external shape parameters of the air-cooled island are as follows:

[0073] Unit layout: 2x4

[0074] Height of the windbreak wall: 11.2 meters

[0075] Floor area of the windbreak wall: 25.8m x 50.5m

[0076] Basic wind pressure: 0.35 KN / m2.

[0077] Simulation analysis method:

[0078] 1. Establish an air-cooled island model of the ambient wind flow field;

[0079] 2. Analyze the wind pressure distribution of each side of the windbreak wall under two wind directions;

[0080] 3. Make the wind pressure distribution diagrams of the front and back sides of each side of the windbreak wall;

[0081] 4. Make the shape coefficient distribution diagrams of each side of the windbreak wall;

[0082] 5. Conduct a comprehensive comparative study.

[0083] Comparison of the external flow field of the ambient wind on both sides of the rectangular windbreak wall: It can be seen from the comparison of the calibrated wind load shape coefficients of each side under the two-way wind that although the values of each side are different, the wind load distribution trend is the same. In comparison:

[0084] The wind load shape coefficient values on the windward side of the two-way wind vary greatly, and their average values (0.81; 1.14) are close to GEA (0.8), lower than those of Shuangliang (1.4) and HTAC (1.3);

[0085] The wind load shape coefficient values on the leeward side of the two-way wind do not vary much, and their average values (0.08; 0.03) are close to GEA (0), Shuangliang (0), and much smaller than those of HTAC (-0.7);

[0086] The wind load shape coefficient values on the leeward side of the two-way wind do not vary much, and their average values (0.09; 0.02). The force direction and value are different from those of GEA (-0.5), Shuangliang (-0.5), and HTAC (-0.5);

[0087] Analysis of the rectangular windbreak wall:

[0088] 1. Both the windward side and the leeward side of the windbreak wall are representative. The wind load distribution and values are close, and they meet the requirements of various standards and the values of competitors. The credibility of the wind load shape coefficient values is high. Among them:

[0089] The head-on wind, as the most unfavorable wind load, is the most important control factor for the cross-section (i.e., cost) of the windbreak wall components;

[0090] Since the wind load value on the leeward side is low and the acting directions on both sides are opposite, it has little impact on the structural calculation of the windbreak wall columns and the forces on the base feet, and its importance is low;

[0091] Since the wind load on the leeward side is small, it does not control the cross-section of the windbreak wall components, and its importance is low;

[0092] 2. The analysis of the wind load values on each side for each manufacturer is as follows:

[0093] Windward side: Due to the importance of the windward side, the lowest average value (0.8) in this analysis was obtained even by the manufacturer with the lowest value (GEA). Shuangliang's value is more conservative than the national standard;

[0094] Side wind: Since the wind load has little effect, does not affect the structural cost and the reaction force of the support, and the average value is close to 0, other manufacturers all take the wind load shape coefficient of the side wind as 0;

[0095] Leeward side: Although the wind load is also small and is not the control load for the cost of the windbreak wall, its acting direction and distribution are greatly affected by the structure inside the air-cooled island. There may be significant differences in different projects. And when its direction is the same as that of the wind load on the windward side, it can increase the resultant force in the direction of the shear force at the base feet as the most unfavorable working condition under the wind load of the reaction force of the support to increase the safety margin of the air-cooled island support. Therefore, based on the analysis, this is also the reason why each manufacturer uniformly takes the wind load shape coefficient of the leeward side of the closed structure as -0.5 according to the national standard;

[0096] 3. It can be seen from the wind load analysis on each side under bidirectional wind that the wind load distribution on each side has its own different laws, and the average wind load in the area with concentrated large wind loads will be significantly higher than the average wind load of the entire side. Therefore, when conducting structural stress analysis in the future, the wind load should also be applied separately in different regions and with different values according to the results of this analysis.

[0097] Reference Figure 5 and Figure 6 , the external flow field analysis of the environmental wind (perpendicular to the steam distribution pipe direction) of the arc-shaped windbreak wall,

[0098] The wind pressure distribution on each side is as follows (the shape coefficients in the following text are all shape coefficients after calibration):

[0099] Windward side:

[0100] Shape coefficient range (-0.05, 1.77);

[0101] Average value of the windward side is 0.9, close to the national standard closed structure (0.8), GEA (0.8), and less than the national standard wall (1.3), Shuangliang (1.4), and the current value of HTAC (1.3);

[0102] Average value of the central large wind load concentrated area is 1.71;

[0103] Side windward side:

[0104] Shape coefficient range (-0.53, 0.26);

[0105] Average value of the side windward side is 0.025;

[0106] Average value of the left large wind load concentrated area is -0.19, the same as the values of GEA (0) and Shuangliang (0); both are lower than the values of the national standard closed structure (-0.7) and the current value of HTAC (-0.7);

[0107] Leeward side:

[0108] Calibrated shape coefficient range (-0.08, 0.12);

[0109] Average value of the leeward side is 0.023;

[0110] Average value of the central large wind load concentrated area is 0.11;

[0111] All are lower than the values of the national standard rectangular closed structure (-0.5), GEA (-0.5), Shuangliang (-0.5), and the current value of HTAC (-0.5), and the force directions are different.

[0112] Comparison of the external flow field of the bidirectional environmental wind on the windward side of the arc-shaped windbreak wall:

[0113] From the comparison of the wind load shape coefficients calibrated on each side of the two-way wind, although the values on each side are different, the wind load distribution trends are the same. In comparison:

[0114] The differences in the wind load shape coefficient values on the windward side of the two-way wind are relatively large. Its average values (0.54; 0.9) are close to GEA (0.8), and lower than those of Shuangliang (1.4) and HTAC (1.3);

[0115] The differences in the wind load shape coefficient values on the side wind side of the two-way wind are not significant. Its average values (0.035; 0.025) are close to GEA (0), Shuangliang (0), and much smaller than HTAC (-0.7);

[0116] The differences in the wind load shape coefficient values on the leeward side of the two-way wind are not significant. Its average values (0.016; 0.023) are much smaller than GEA (-0.5), Shuangliang (-0.5), and HTAC (-0.5), and the force directions are different.

[0117] The importance analysis of each side is the same as that of the rectangular windbreak wall. The comparison of the two windbreak wall structures is as follows:

[0118] Comparison of the external flow fields of the environmental wind on the windward side (along the steam distribution pipe direction) of the rectangular windbreak wall and the arc-shaped windbreak wall:

[0119] 1) The wind pressure on the arc section of the arc-shaped windbreak wall is much smaller than that on the corresponding position of the rectangular windbreak wall;

[0120] 2) The wind pressure value in the middle area of the arc-shaped windbreak wall is lower than that on the corresponding position of the rectangular windbreak wall.

[0121] Comparison of the external flow fields of the environmental wind on the side wind side (along the steam distribution pipe direction) of the rectangular windbreak wall and the arc-shaped windbreak wall:

[0122] 1) The wind field distribution on the side wind side of the arc-shaped windbreak wall is more uniform, and the average wind pressure values of the two windbreak wall configurations are generally close;

[0123] 2) The wind pressure on the arc section of the side wind side of the arc-shaped windbreak wall is low, and the extreme wind pressure value in the rectangular windbreak wall area below the arc section is high.

[0124] Comparison of the external flow fields of the environmental wind on the leeward side (along the steam distribution pipe direction) of the rectangular windbreak wall and the arc-shaped windbreak wall:

[0125] 1) The average wind pressure on the leeward side of the arc-shaped windbreak wall is lower than that of the rectangular windbreak wall, and the wind pressure at both ends is slightly higher than that in the middle area;

[0126] 2) The force direction on the leeward side of the arc-shaped windbreak wall is different from that of the rectangular windbreak wall.

[0127] Comparison of the external flow fields of the environmental wind on the windward side (perpendicular to the steam distribution pipe direction) of the rectangular windbreak wall and the arc-shaped windbreak wall:

[0128] 1) The wind pressure on the arc section of the arc-shaped windbreak wall is much smaller than that on the corresponding position of the rectangular windbreak wall.

[0129] 2) The wind pressure value in the middle area of the arc-shaped windbreak wall is close to that on the corresponding position of the rectangular windbreak wall.

[0130] Comparison of the external flow fields of the ambient wind (perpendicular to the steam distribution pipe direction) on the side wind surfaces of the rectangular windbreak wall and the arc-shaped windbreak wall:

[0131] 1) The wind pressure on the arc section of the arc-shaped windbreak wall is smaller than that on the corresponding position of the rectangular windbreak wall.

[0132] 2) The wind pressure on the rectangular end below the arc section of the arc-shaped windbreak wall is higher than that on the corresponding position of the rectangular windbreak wall.

[0133] Comparison of the external flow fields of the ambient wind (perpendicular to the steam distribution pipe direction) on the leeward surfaces of the rectangular windbreak wall and the arc-shaped windbreak wall:

[0134] 1) The wind pressure value in the middle area of the arc-shaped windbreak wall is greater than that on the corresponding position of the arc-shaped windbreak wall, and the wind pressure distributions and values at other positions are all close.

[0135] The statistics of various wind pressures on each surface of the rectangular / arc-shaped under two wind directions are shown in Tables 2 and 3 below

[0136]

[0137] It can be seen from the comparison of various tables and the comparison of the wind flow trace lines:

[0138] 1) Except that the wind pressure value on the lower side of the arc section of the side wind surface and the center of the leeward surface of the arc-shaped windbreak wall under the vertical steam wind distribution pipe wind direction is higher than that on the corresponding position of the rectangular windbreak wall under the vertical steam wind distribution pipe wind direction, in the other four total cases of the windward / side / leeward surfaces of the two types of winds, the wind pressure distribution and wind pressure value of the arc-shaped windbreak wall are all comprehensively better than those of the rectangular windbreak wall;

[0139] 2) Judging from the total wind pressure, the total wind pressure on each surface of the arc-shaped windbreak wall is much smaller than that of the rectangular windbreak wall;

[0140] 3) There are obvious differences in the wind pressure distributions on different surfaces, and the wind pressure distribution values on the same surface also vary greatly. When applying wind loads in future structural analysis, especially on the windward surface, the wind loads should be applied according to the wind direction and distribution, rather than applying the same wind load on the entire surface in the existing mode.

[0141] 4) According to the idea of induction and conservative value taking, the corresponding shape coefficient distributions of the new wind load application are as follows:

[0142] The application scheme of the wind load shape coefficient on each surface of the rectangular windbreak wall in engineering is as Figure 7 and Figure 8As shown in the figure, for the side wind surface of the rectangular windbreak wall, the shape coefficient is taken as 0 (i.e., not applied, consistent with GEA and Shuangliang); for the leeward surface of the rectangular windbreak wall, the shape coefficient is taken as -0.5 (to increase the redundancy of the support reaction force without increasing costs, consistent with GEA and Shuangliang).

[0143] The engineering application and application scheme of the wind load shape coefficient for each surface of the arc-shaped windbreak wall are as Figure 9 and Figure 10 shown. For the side wind surface of the arc-shaped windbreak wall, the shape coefficient is taken as 0 (i.e., not applied, consistent with GEA and Shuangliang); for the leeward surface of the arc-shaped windbreak wall, the shape coefficient of the circular arc section is taken as (-0.1), and the shape coefficient of other positions is taken as -0.5 (to increase the redundancy of the support reaction force without increasing costs, consistent with GEA and Shuangliang).

[0144] In the 3D3S analysis under the final wind load application method, the structural weight comparison of the arc-shaped windbreak wall and the rectangular windbreak wall under the traditional load and the new load application methods is as shown in Tables 4 and 5 below for the steel structure weight statistics:

[0145]

[0146]

[0147] Compared with the traditional rectangular windbreak wall structure, when the arc-shaped windbreak wall structure is adopted, the average wind pressure along the windward surface of the steam distribution pipe can be reduced by 33.9%, and the average wind pressure perpendicular to the windward surface can be reduced by 20.7%; the structural weight of the arc-shaped windbreak wall and the rectangular windbreak wall under the traditional load and the new load application methods is reduced as follows:

[0148] 1) When the arc-shaped windbreak wall is adopted, due to the optimization of the wind load, the overall structural consumption of the air cooler is reduced by 6%, meeting the expectation of reducing the structural cost when the arc-shaped windbreak wall is adopted at the time of project establishment;

[0149] 2) For the windbreak wall part, when the arc-shaped windbreak wall is adopted, the structural consumption is reduced by 16.42% compared with the rectangular traditional structure windbreak wall, which is lower than the reduction range of 20.7% of the total wind pressure on the windward surface;

[0150] According to the analysis, mainly because the key control factor of the windbreak wall column is the slenderness ratio in the weak axis direction, although the reduction of the wind load can reduce the design strength of the windbreak wall column, the height and cross-section of the windbreak wall column determine its slenderness ratio, and the cross-section of the upper beam on the windbreak wall is determined by both the structural requirements and the strength, and the consumption cannot be effectively reduced;

[0151] 3) For the part outside the windbreak wall, the consumption of the fan platform surface remains unchanged, and the main control factor of this part is the equipment weight and structure on the upper part of the platform;

[0152] 4) For the part outside the windbreak wall, the structural consumption of the support structure under the fan platform surface of the arc-shaped windbreak wall is reduced by 11.72%;

[0153] According to the analysis, mainly because the support structure of this part needs to bear the shear force and bending moment generated by the wind load of the windbreak wall, due to the reduction of the total wind pressure borne by the arc-shaped windbreak wall, the structural consumption of this part has also been significantly reduced.

[0154] Example 2:

[0155] Reference Figure 11 , a direct air-cooled condenser, including a first tube bundle box 6, a second tube bundle box 7 and a steam distribution pipe 8. The upper ends of the first tube bundle box 6 and the second tube bundle box 7 are lapped below the steam distribution pipe 8 to form a triangular heat exchange structure 5. The above-mentioned arc-shaped windbreak wall structure is arranged outside the heat exchange structure 5.

[0156] Example 3:

[0157] Reference Figure 12 , Figure 13 , Figure 14 and Figure 15 , on the basis of the above-mentioned embodiment, the upper wall 2 of the arc-shaped windbreak wall structure includes a first upper wall 21, a second upper wall 22, a third upper wall 23 and a fourth upper wall 24. The width of the first upper wall 21 is the same as that of the third upper wall 23. The side ends on both sides of the first upper wall 21 are respectively connected to the side ends of the second upper wall 22 and the fourth upper wall 24. The first upper wall 21 and the third upper wall 23 are located on both sides of the steam distribution pipe 8 in a direction parallel to the heat exchange structure 5, that is, the distance between the upper ends of the first upper wall 21 and the third upper wall 23 and the heat exchange structure 5 is greater than the distance between the lower ends and the heat exchange structure 5. Both the first upper wall 21 and the third upper wall 23 are provided with concave portions 25. The concave portions 25 extend towards the heat exchange structure 5 relative to the first upper wall 21 or the third upper wall 23, so that the concave portions 25 are closer to the heat exchange structure 5 relative to the first upper wall 21 or the third upper wall 23. From the Figure 5 and Figure 6 in the previous embodiment, it can be found that the load in the middle area of the arc-shaped windbreak wall is relatively large, especially in the area near the upper end of the upper wall 2, and the bending moment is relatively large. Therefore, it is more necessary to optimize. Setting the concave portions 25 can change the magnitude of the frontal load. Although it will increase the side load, compared with the frontal load, it is much smaller than the frontal load. Therefore, the influence can be ignored during design. The reduction of the frontal load can save materials and reduce costs.

[0158] In an embodiment, the concave portion 25 includes a first inclined surface 26 and a second inclined surface 27. The first inclined surface 26 intersects with the second inclined surface 27 at a first edge 28. The first edge 28 gradually extends towards the heat exchange structure 5 from bottom to top. Multiple concave portions 25 can be set according to actual conditions. The included angle between the first inclined surface 26 and the second inclined surface 27 is more reasonable at 120°-160°. The included angle between the first edge 28 and the platform horizontal plane is between 60 degrees and 85°. If the included angle is too small, more construction materials will be consumed. If the included angle is too large, the effect is not obvious.

[0159] In one embodiment, the second upper wall 22 and the fourth upper wall 24 are located perpendicular to the direction of the steam distribution pipe 8. A second lower wall 1 is provided below the second upper wall 22. The second upper wall 22 and / or the second lower wall 1 are provided with ventilation openings 29. An air inlet 91 is provided on the end plate 9 at the end face of the heat exchange structure 5. The air inlet 91 is located obliquely below the first tube bundle box 6 and the second tube bundle box 7. The ventilation openings 29 are communicated with the air inlet 91. The same design can be adopted on one side of the fourth upper wall 24 as on one side of the second upper wall 22.

[0160] In one embodiment, both the ventilation openings 29 and the air inlet 91 are triangular. Of course, using a rectangular or circular structure also has a similar function, but for the heat exchange structure 5, triangular air intake is more stable. The ventilation openings 29 are larger than the air inlet 91. In this way, the conical structure 92 can be used to connect the ventilation openings 29 and the air inlet 91, making the material utilization rate higher and reducing the cost of the direct air cooler. For the convenience of maintenance, the conical structure 92 is provided with an openable door or designed to be movable or rotatable.

[0161] Reference Figure 14 、 Figure 15 、 Figure 16 and Figure 17 , several one-way air vanes 93 are provided on the ventilation openings 29 and / or the air inlet 91. The one-way air vanes 93 are provided with a configuration block 97 and are in a closed state under the action of gravity, but when the air pressure outside the one-way air vanes 93 exceeds a certain range compared with the air pressure inside, the one-way air vanes 93 can rotate and open, so that the air outside the arc-shaped windbreak wall structure can enter below the first tube bundle box 6 and the second tube bundle box 7 through the ventilation openings 29 and the air inlet 91.

[0162] Reference Figure 16 , in one embodiment, the one-way air vanes 93 are provided with an electric drive device 94 or a hydraulic drive device capable of controlling the opening size.

[0163] Reference Figure 13 、 Figure 15 and Figure 17 , in one embodiment, a wind baffle 95 is provided below the first tube bundle box 6 and the second tube bundle box 7. The wind baffle 95 is arranged in the vertical direction and is provided with a plurality of ventilation holes 96 extending in the horizontal direction. The width of the second upper wall 22 is the same as the width of the fourth upper wall 24, and the width of the first upper wall 21 is greater than the width of the second upper wall 22.

[0164] Example 4:

[0165] Reference Figure 18 , in one embodiment, a plurality of heat exchange structures 5 are provided inside the arc-shaped windbreak wall. The heat exchange structures 5 are arranged in a multi-row and multi-column matrix. The arc-shaped windbreak wall can increase the number of concave portions 25 and ventilation openings 29 as appropriate.

[0166] It should be understood that various forms of the processes shown above can be used, with steps reordered, added, or deleted. For example, the steps described in the present application can be executed in parallel, sequentially, or in a different order, as long as the desired results of the technical solution of the present application can be achieved, and no limitations are imposed herein.

[0167] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of such features. In the description of the present application, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0168] The above is only the specific embodiment of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present application can easily think of changes or substitutions, which should all be covered within the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A direct air cooler, characterized in that: The invention comprises a first tube bundle box (6), a second tube bundle box (7) and a steam distribution pipe (8); the upper ends of the first tube bundle box (6) and the second tube bundle box (7) are overlapped below the steam distribution pipe (8) to form a triangular heat exchange structure (5); an arc-shaped windbreak wall structure is provided outside the heat exchange structure (5); the arc-shaped windbreak wall structure comprises a lower wall (1), an upper wall (2) and an arc-shaped wall (3); the lower wall (1), the upper wall (2) and the arc-shaped wall (3) are of the same number and are arranged in the vertical direction; the lower wall (1), the upper wall (2) and the curved wall (3) are each provided with at least four pieces, the side end of the lower wall (1) is connected or fixed to the side end of another lower wall (1), the upper end of the lower wall (1) is connected or fixed to the lower end of the upper wall (2), the side end of the upper wall (2) is connected or fixed to the side end of the curved wall (3), the curved wall (3) and the upper wall (2) are arranged at intervals to achieve a rounded corner transition between the upper wall (2), and the curved wall (3) is connected to the two pieces by a horizontally or obliquely arranged angle plate (4). The lower wall (1) is connected, and the upper wall (2) comprises a first upper wall (21), a second upper wall (22), a third upper wall (23) and a fourth upper wall (24); the width of the first upper wall (21) is the same as the width of the third upper wall (23); the side ends of both sides of the first upper wall (21) are respectively connected to the side ends of the second upper wall (22) and the fourth upper wall (24); the first upper wall (21) and the third upper wall (23) are located on both sides of the heat exchange structure (5) so that the first upper wall (2 1) and the distance between the upper end of the third upper wall (23) and the heat exchange structure (5) is greater than the distance between the lower end and the heat exchange structure (5), and the first upper wall (21) and the third upper wall (23) are both provided with an inner recess (25), and the inner recess (25) is extended toward the heat exchange structure (5) relative to the first upper wall (21) or the third upper wall (23), so that the inner recess (25) is closer to the heat exchange structure (5) relative to the first upper wall (21) or the third upper wall (23).

2. The direct air cooler according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner recess (25) comprises a first inclined surface (26) and a second inclined surface (27), wherein the first inclined surface (26) and the second inclined surface (27) intersect at a first edge (28), and the first edge (28) is gradually extended from bottom to top in the direction of the heat exchange structure (5).

3. The direct air cooler according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: A second lower wall (1) is provided below the second upper wall (22); the second upper wall (22) and / or the second lower wall (1) are provided with a vent (29); an end surface of the heat exchange structure (5) is provided with an air inlet (91); the air inlet (91) is located obliquely below the first tube bundle box (6) and the second tube bundle box (7); and the vent (29) is in communication with the air inlet (91).

4. The direct air cooler according to claim 3, characterized in that: The ventilation opening (29) and the air inlet (91) are both in a triangular shape, and the ventilation opening (29) is larger than the air inlet (91).

5. The direct air cooler according to claim 4, characterized in that: The ventilation opening (29) and / or the air inlet (91) are provided with a plurality of one-way blades (93); the one-way blades (93) are in a closed state under the action of gravity; but when the air pressure outside and inside the one-way blades (93) exceed a certain range, the one-way blades (93) can be rotated to open, so that the external air of the arc-shaped wind shielding wall structure can enter the first tube bundle box (6) and the second tube bundle box (7) through the ventilation opening (29) and the air inlet (91).

6. The direct air cooler according to claim 5, characterized in that: The one-way fan blade (93) is provided with an electric drive device (94) or a hydraulic drive device to achieve control of the opening size.

7. The direct air cooler according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that: A wind shield (95) is provided below the first tube bundle box (6) and the second tube bundle box (7), the wind shield (95) being arranged in a vertical direction, and a plurality of the heat exchange structures (5) are provided in the arc-shaped wind shield wall, the heat exchange structures (5) being arranged in a matrix of multiple rows and columns.

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