A method for constructing an energy station carbon emission flow allocation model considering energy quality

Abstract

The application discloses a construction method of an energy station carbon emission flow allocation model considering energy quality, comprising the following steps: taking efficiency as a measurement index of the quality of multiple heterogeneous energies such as electricity, gas and heat in the energy station; defining a carbon flow rate relationship between input and output ports of single-input-single-output devices and single-input-multiple-output devices, and establishing an optimal energy-carbon coupling tracking allocation model of energy conversion devices considering equipment loss based on efficiency; defining an efficiency-based carbon emission flow rate conversion efficiency, representing the input and output carbon flow rate relationship of the energy conversion device, defining an efficiency-based carbon flow rate coupling matrix and a conversion relationship to describe the relationship between the carbon potentials of the input and output ports of the energy station, and establishing an optimal energy-carbon coupling tracking allocation model of the energy station considering equipment loss based on efficiency. The application further constructs the optimal energy-carbon coupling tracking allocation model of the energy station, and provides an effective tool for carbon emission management of the energy station; by introducing the concepts of energy quality, quantity-quality collaboration and efficiency, high-emission links and potential energy-saving points in energy use can be more accurately identified, which is helpful for the energy station to formulate more targeted emission reduction strategies, optimize energy allocation and reduce overall carbon emission.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of integrated energy analysis and modeling technology, and in particular to a method for constructing a carbon emission flow allocation model for energy stations that takes into account energy quality. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, global climate change and global warming are becoming increasingly serious problems, and reducing carbon emissions and achieving carbon neutrality have become common goals worldwide.

[0003] To address the trend of global warming, reducing CO2 emissions is the most direct and effective way to mitigate and curb this trend. As a major source of carbon emissions, the control of carbon emissions from energy stations is crucial for responding to global climate change. By allocating carbon emission flows from energy stations, the responsibility of each unit within the station for carbon emissions can be clarified, thereby promoting the optimal allocation of emission reduction resources within the system, ensuring the effective implementation of emission reduction measures, and improving emission reduction efficiency. Furthermore, the establishment and implementation of carbon emission allocation models can guide the energy industry towards a more environmentally friendly and efficient direction, promoting industrial upgrading and transformation.

[0004] The following problems exist with existing carbon emissions from energy stations:

[0005] (1) Low-quality energy may be less efficient when used, resulting in more carbon emissions.

[0006] (2) Low energy efficiency leads to increased carbon emissions.

[0007] (3) The lack of efficient energy equipment and optimized energy use strategies prevents the achievement of carbon emission reduction goals.

[0008] Therefore, a method is needed to construct a carbon emission flow allocation model for energy stations that takes into account energy quality. Summary of the Invention

[0009] To address the problems existing in the prior art, this invention provides a method for constructing an energy station carbon emission flow allocation model that considers energy quality, which can integrate energy quality and... The concept of efficiency is introduced into the energy station model to establish the relationship between the carbon potential of input and output port nodes, analyze the carbon flow coupling relationship considering carbon flow losses, and realize the responsibility allocation for carbon emissions of the energy station. The specific technical solution is as follows:

[0010] A method for constructing a carbon emission flow allocation model for energy stations that considers energy quality includes:

[0011] by Efficiency serves as a metric for measuring the quality of various heterogeneous energy sources, including electricity, gas, and heat, in an energy station.

[0012] The carbon flow rate relationship between the input port and the output port of a single-input-single-output device and a single-input-multiple-output device is defined, and an optimal energy-carbon coupling tracking allocation model based on efficiency of the energy conversion device considering equipment loss is established.

[0013] The carbon emission flow rate conversion efficiency based on efficiency is defined, which represents the carbon flow rate relationship between the input and output of the energy conversion device, and a carbon flow rate coupling matrix and conversion relationship based on efficiency are defined to describe the relationship between the carbon potentials of the input and output ports of the energy station, and an optimal energy-carbon coupling tracking allocation model based on efficiency of the energy station considering equipment loss is established.

[0014] Preferably, the efficiency includes transformer efficiency, power generation and heat generation of combined heat and power, efficiency, and gas boiler efficiency.

[0015] Preferably, the optimal energy-carbon coupling tracking allocation model based on efficiency of the energy conversion device considering equipment loss includes an optimal energy-carbon coupling tracking allocation model based on efficiency of the single-input-single-output conversion device considering equipment loss and an optimal energy-carbon coupling tracking allocation model based on efficiency of the single-input-multiple-output conversion device considering equipment loss.

[0016] Preferably, the optimal energy-carbon coupling tracking allocation model based on efficiency of the single-input-single-output conversion device considering equipment loss includes the following steps:

[0017] For a single-input-single-output conversion device considering equipment loss, all carbon emissions related to input energy should be allocated to the output energy and the conversion device itself;

[0018] The efficiency is introduced, and the optimal energy-carbon coupling tracking allocation model based on efficiency of the single-input-single-output conversion device considering equipment loss can be represented as follows:

[0019]

[0020] is the node carbon potential of the output port of the single-input-single-output conversion device, is the node carbon potential of the input of the single-input-single-output conversion device, and S is the carbon potential conversion efficiency of the single-input-single-output conversion device.

[0021] Preferably, the carbon emission flow rate conversion efficiency is based on the efficiency of the energy conversion device. The steps for establishing the optimal energy-carbon coupling tracking allocation model for the single-input-multiple-output conversion device considering device loss are as follows:

[0022] For the single-input-multiple-output conversion device considering device loss, the input port carbon flow rate is equal to the sum of the output port carbon flow rate and the conversion device carbon flow rate loss, as shown in the following formula:

[0023]

[0024] In the formula, and are the input carbon flow rate, the output port carbon flow rate, and the carbon flow rate loss of the single-input-multiple-output conversion device, respectively.

[0025] The carbon emissions between multiple-output energy conversion devices are allocated by using the allocation method based on the efficiency, as shown in the following formula:

[0026]

[0027] In the formula,

[0028] The optimal energy-carbon coupling tracking allocation model for the single-input-multiple-output conversion device considering device loss based on the efficiency is as follows:

[0029]

[0030] In the formula, and are the CPCEs of the two output ports of the single-input-multiple-output conversion device, respectively. is the node carbon potential of the input port of the single-input-multiple-output conversion device. and are the node carbon potentials of the output ports 1 and 2 of the single-input-multiple-output conversion device, respectively.

[0031] Preferably, the carbon emission flow rate conversion efficiency is based on the efficiency of the energy conversion device. The efficiency of the carbon emission flow rate conversion efficiency is the product of the efficiency and the carbon potential conversion efficiency.

[0032] Preferably, the definition is based on the input output and efficiency of the carbon flow rate coupling matrix R and the conversion relationship formula to describe the relationship between the carbon potentials of the input and output ports of the energy station, as shown in the following formula:

[0033] E ex out E out = RE ex ​​in E in

[0034] wherein E in is the input carbon potential vector, E out is the output carbon potential vector. E ex in is the input of the energy station E ex out is the output of the energy station

[0035] Preferably, the energy station based on efficiency optimal energy carbon coupling tracking model is as follows:

[0036]

[0037] wherein λ ex T , λ ex GB , respectively represent the carbon emission flow rate conversion efficiency of the transformer, the gas boiler, the combined heat and power generation electricity conversion and heat conversion based on efficiency, and r is the internal carbon flow column vector of the energy station, r i and r o are respectively the carbon flow input and output column vectors.

[0038] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the beneficial effects that:

[0039] 1. Compared with the existing energy station carbon emission flow allocation model, the present application considers introducing energy quality and efficiency into the energy station carbon emission flow allocation model. After introducing energy quality, the model can consider the differences in calorific value, environmental impact, etc. of different energies, so as to more accurately evaluate the contribution of various energies in carbon emission. The consideration of quantity and quality together enables the model to simultaneously focus on the quantity and quality of energy, realizing more refined energy management.

[0040] 2. The present application defines the carbon flow rate relationship between the input port and the output port of the SISO device and the SIMO device, establishes an energy conversion device optimal energy carbon coupling tracking allocation model based on efficiency considering device loss. Further, the distribution method based on conversion efficiency is obtained to distribute the carbon emission among multiple output energy conversion devices, which can more accurately reflect the loss and efficiency of energy in the conversion process, thereby improving the accuracy of carbon emission allocation. The traditional carbon emission flow allocation model only considers the total amount of energy or a single conversion efficiency, and cannot comprehensively reflect the actual situation of energy use.

[0041] 3. The present application defines the carbon emission allocation method based on Efficiency of carbon emission flow rate conversion efficiency, representing the relationship between the input and output carbon flow rates of the energy conversion device, is defined based on Efficiency of carbon flow rate coupling matrix and conversion relationship to describe the relationship between the carbon potential of the input and output ports of the energy station is established based on Efficiency of energy station optimal energy-carbon coupling tracking allocation model considering device loss. By introducing energy quality, quantity-quality synergy and Efficiency, the model can more accurately identify high-emission links and potential energy-saving points in energy use. This helps the energy station to develop more targeted emission reduction strategies, optimize energy allocation, and reduce overall carbon emissions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0042] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed in the specific embodiments or prior art description will be briefly introduced below. In all the drawings, similar elements or parts are generally identified by similar reference numerals. In the drawings, each element or part is not necessarily drawn according to the actual scale.

[0043] Figure 1 is a structural diagram of an energy station.

[0044] Figure 2 is a SISO device Flow-carbon flow relationship diagram.

[0045] Figure 3 is a SIMO device Flow-carbon flow relationship diagram.

[0046] Figure 4 is an energy station electric-gas-heat Flow steady-state distribution diagram.

[0047] Figure 5 is an energy station electric-gas-heat carbon emission flow steady-state distribution diagram.

[0048] Figure 6 is a flow chart of the method of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0049] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, not all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0050] It should be understood that the terms "comprises" and "comprising," when used in this specification and accompanying claims, indicate the presence of the described features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and / or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and / or groups thereof.

[0051] It should also be understood that the terms used in the specification and the following claims are for the purpose of describing particular embodiments and are not intended to be limiting. As used in this specification and the appended claims, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0052] It should further be understood that the term "and / or" as used in the specification and the following claims indicates any combination of one or more of the associated listed items and all possible combinations of those items.

[0053] Embodiments:

[0054] Please refer to Figure 6 A method for constructing an energy station carbon emission flow allocation model considering energy quality, comprising:

[0055] S1, taking efficiency as a measurement index of the quality of multiple heterogeneous energies such as electricity, gas and heat in the energy station. It can be understood that energy has dual value attributes of "quantity" and "quality", The concept of exergy represents the effective energy part in energy, i.e., the part of energy that can be theoretically converted into useful work, which can be used to measure the "quantity" and "quality" of different forms of energy. The present application adopts efficiency as a measurement index of the quality of multiple heterogeneous energies such as electricity, gas and heat in the energy station, which includes transformer (T) efficiency, power generation and heat generation efficiency of combined heat and power (CHP), efficiency of gas boiler (GB), efficiency, CHP gas heat generation efficiency, CHP gas power generation efficiency, GB gas heat generation efficiency, GB gas heat generation The calculation formula of the efficiency is as follows:

[0056]

[0057] In the formula, the energy quality coefficient of electricity is 1, the energy quality coefficient of hot water is 50 / 40℃, the energy quality coefficient of hot water is 0.141, and the energy quality coefficient of natural gas is 0.62.

[0058] S2, define the carbon flow rate relationship between the input port and the output port of the single input-single output (SISO) and single input-multiple output (SIMO) device, establish the optimal energy-carbon coupling tracking allocation model based on efficiency of the energy conversion device considering equipment loss; it can be understood that in order to analyze the carbon flow law in the flow conversion process, it is necessary to first establish the carbon flow model of the main energy conversion devices in the energy station. They can be mainly divided into two types: SISO conversion devices such as power transformers and gas boilers, and SIMO conversion devices such as combined heat and power units, as follows:

[0059] (1) The establishment steps of the optimal energy-carbon coupling tracking allocation model of the single input-single output (SISO) conversion device based on efficiency considering equipment loss are as follows:

[0060] For the single input-single output conversion device considering equipment loss, all carbon emissions related to input energy should be allocated to output energy and the conversion device itself, and the carbon flow rate relationship between the input port and the output port is as follows:

[0061]

[0062] In the formula, and are the input carbon flow rate, output carbon flow rate and carbon flow rate loss (tCO2 / h) of the SISO conversion device, respectively;

[0063] Introducing efficiency, the optimal energy-carbon coupling tracking allocation model of the single input-single output conversion device based on efficiency considering equipment loss can be expressed as follows:

[0064]

[0065] is the node carbon potential of the output port of the single input-single output (SISO) conversion device, is the node carbon potential of the input of the single input-single output (SISO) conversion device, and S is the carbon potential conversion efficiency of the single input-single output conversion device.

[0066] Specifically, take a gas boiler (GB) as an example: for such an energy conversion device, all carbon emissions related to input should be allocated to output And the carbon flow rate relationship between the input port and the output port of the conversion device is shown in the following equation:

[0067]

[0068] That is,

[0069]

[0070] Wherein, r ex in , r ex out and are the input carbon flow rate, the output carbon flow rate and the carbon flow rate loss of the gas boiler (tCO2 / h), respectively; and are the node carbon potentials of the input and output ports of the gas boiler (tCO2 / kWh), respectively. ex in , E ex out and E ex loss are the input output and losses of the GB (MW), respectively.

[0071] Combining the carbon flow rate relationship equation of the input port and the output port of the GB and the GB efficiency formula, the carbon flow model of the GB can be obtained as follows:

[0072]

[0073] Referring to the definition of efficiency η ex , the carbon potential conversion efficiency μ ex of the energy conversion device can be defined, which represents the carbon potential relationship between the input and output ports of the energy conversion device. As can be seen from the above equation, the carbon potential conversion efficiency μ ex GB of the GB is Figure 2 Taking the GB as an example, the flow-carbon flow relationship of the SISO device is described.

[0074] Similarly, the carbon flow models of the other two SISO conversion devices, the electric boiler and the power transformer, are shown as follows:

[0075]

[0076] Wherein, μ ex EB and μ ex T are the input and output the carbon potential conversion efficiency; and the node carbon potential of the input port of the electric boiler and the electric transformer, respectively; and the node carbon potential of the output port of the electric boiler and the electric transformer, respectively.

[0077] (2) the optimal energy-carbon coupling tracking allocation model of the single-input-multiple-output (SIMO) conversion device considering device loss based on the efficiency is as follows:

[0078] For the single-input-multiple-output conversion device considering device loss, the input port carbon flow rate is equal to the sum of the output port carbon flow rate and the conversion device carbon flow rate loss, as shown in the following formula:

[0079]

[0080] In the formula, and are the input carbon flow rate, the output port carbon flow rate and the carbon flow rate loss of the single-input-multiple-output conversion device, respectively;

[0081] The carbon emissions among multiple-output energy conversion devices are allocated by using the allocation method based on the efficiency, as shown in the following formula:

[0082]

[0083] The optimal energy-carbon coupling tracking allocation model of the single-input-multiple-output (SIMO) conversion device considering device loss based on the efficiency is as follows:

[0084]

[0085] In the formula, and are the CPCEs of the two output ports of the single-input-multiple-output conversion device, respectively; is the node carbon potential of the input port of the single-input-multiple-output conversion device; and are the node carbon potentials of the output ports 1 and 2 of the single-input-multiple-output conversion device, respectively.

[0086] Specifically, taking a CHP unit as an example, the carbon emission balance law still holds, and the input port carbon flow rate is equal to the sum of the output port carbon flow rate and the conversion device carbon flow rate loss, as shown in formula (12):

[0087]

[0088] That is:

[0089]

[0090] where, and are the input carbon flow rate, output electrical carbon flow rate, output thermal carbon flow rate, and carbon flow rate loss (tCO2 / h) of the CHP unit, respectively; and are the node carbon potential of the CHP unit input and output electrical, output thermal ports (tCO2 / kWh), respectively; ex in , and E ex loss are the values of the CHP unit input electrical energy output thermal energy output and the loss (MW) of the CHP unit, respectively.

[0091] SIMO devices differ from SISO devices in terms of carbon emission allocation. Due to their different working principles and output characteristics, SIMO devices and SISO devices have significant differences in carbon emission management during energy utilization and conversion. For SISO devices, the allocation of carbon emissions is relatively simple and direct, as it only produces one form of energy output. However, SIMO devices are much more complex, as they can simultaneously produce multiple forms of energy, such as electricity and heat.

[0092] In SIMO devices, the allocation of carbon emissions becomes particularly important and complex. To ensure fairness and efficiency, carbon emissions must be allocated to different output energies according to certain rules. Embodiments employ a carbon emission allocation method based on efficiency. Efficiency is a key indicator of energy conversion and utilization efficiency, reflecting the degree of effective utilization of energy in the energy conversion process. The core idea of this method is that the allocation of carbon emissions should be proportional to the efficiency of electrical and thermal energy output, i.e., if the efficiency of one output energy is higher, it should bear more responsibility for carbon emissions; conversely, if the efficiency is lower, it should bear less responsibility for carbon emissions. As shown in the following formula:

[0093]

[0094] Combining the carbon flow rate relationship formula of the CHP unit input port and output port and the CHP unit efficiency formula, the carbon flow model of the CHP unit can be obtained as shown in formula (15). Figure 3Taking a cogeneration unit as an example, the SIMO device is described Flow-carbon flow relationship.

[0095]

[0096] are the carbon potential conversion efficiencies of the CHP unit for electricity and heat production, respectively; is the node carbon potential of the input port of the CHP unit; are the node carbon potentials of the output electricity / heat port of the CHP unit.

[0097] In addition, it should be noted that a typical energy station structure is shown in Figure 1 If a hub model is used to construct it, the matrix and vector mathematical expressions in the hub model can represent the conversion and storage processes between different energies, and the hub model includes three parts: input vector E exin , conversion matrix C and output vector E exout , and the relationship is as follows:

[0098] E ex out = CE ex in

[0099] The hub model constructed based on input output and efficiencies is represented as follows:

[0100]

[0101] In the formula: υ is the natural gas distribution coefficient of the CHP.

[0102] S3, define the carbon emission flow rate conversion efficiency based on efficiency, represent the input and output carbon flow rate relationship of the energy conversion device, define the carbon flow rate coupling matrix based on efficiency and the conversion relationship to describe the relationship between the carbon potentials of the input and output ports of the energy station, and establish an energy station optimal energy-carbon coupling tracking allocation model based on efficiency considering device loss.

[0103] It can be understood that the input and output carbon flow rate relationship of the energy conversion device described in the embodiment is related to efficiency η ex and carbon potential conversion efficiency μ, therefore, the carbon emission flow rate conversion efficiency λ based on ex ​​​Its size can be determined by η ex The product of μ and μ represents the input-output carbon flow rate relationship of the energy conversion device:

[0104] λ ex =η ex μ

[0105] Referring to the definition of the energy hub model, in order to describe the relationship between the carbon potential at the input and output ports of an energy station, a model based on input is defined. Output and The carbon flow rate coupling matrix R and transformation equations for efficiency, used to describe the relationship between the carbon potentials at the EH input and output ports, are shown below:

[0106] E ex out E out =RE ex in E in

[0107] In the formula, E in For the input carbon potential vector, E out To output the carbon potential vector. E ex in Input for the energy station E ex out For the output of the energy station

[0108]

[0109] Right now:

[0110]

[0111] in:

[0112]

[0113] In the formula, and They respectively represent based on The efficiency of T, GB, CHP carbon emission flow rate conversion to electricity and heat can be used. Efficiency η ex It is expressed as the product of the carbon potential conversion efficiency μ.

[0114] Based on the above derivation, we can conclude that... Figure 1 The following is based on The optimal energy-carbon coupling tracking model for efficient energy stations is as follows:

[0115]

[0116] where r is the carbon flow vector inside the energy hub; r i and r o are the carbon flow input and output vectors, respectively.

[0117] The above carbon concentrator model based on the equipment input output and efficiency is analyzed below in combination with examples, as described in detail below:

[0118] A typical energy hub is selected for analysis in this example. The energy hub provides 7.5152 MW of electricity and 1.2705 MW of heat load under a specific operating scenario. The carbon potentials of the electricity input node and the natural gas node of the energy hub are set to 0.386 tCO2 / kWh and 0.325 tCO2 / kWh, respectively. The topology of the energy hub is shown in Figure 1 FIG. 1, and the energy conversion equipment includes T, CHP, and GB, with conversion efficiencies shown in Table 1. The natural gas distribution coefficient of the CHP is taken as υ = 0.5.

[0119] Table 1 Energy conversion equipment efficiency

[0120]

[0121] According to the energy concentrator and the carbon concentrator matrix model considering carbon loss, the energy quality attribute is considered, which can be a reasonable parameter for measuring energy quality, and the parameter is introduced into the energy hub carbon flow analysis and calculation to solve the energy hub input and output port energy flow relationship matrix C and the carbon emission flow rate coupling matrix R, as shown below:

[0122]

[0123] The EH optimal energy-carbon coupling tracking model based on efficiency is as follows:

[0124]

[0125] The consideration of efficiency inside the EH Figure 5 and 6 is shown in the following tables.

[0126] As can be seen from Figure 5 and 6 , the CHP unit and the GB unit have large losses in the heat production process, which is due to the energy quality coefficient of natural gas being 0.62 and the energy quality coefficient of 50 / 40°C hot water being 0.141, resulting in large losses of the CHP unit and the GB unit in the heat production process The efficiency is low. In Under the joint action of the efficiency and the carbon potential conversion efficiency, the three devices are all allocated with corresponding carbon flow. From Figure 6 It can be seen that the carbon potential of the EH output electric node is increased compared with the input, while the carbon potential of the heat output node is decreased compared with the input, which is caused by the different carbon potential conversion efficiencies of different energy conversion devices, i.e. ex T = μ ex GB = 1,

[0127] Those skilled in the art can appreciate that the units of each example described in combination with the embodiments disclosed herein can be realized in electronic hardware, computer software or a combination of both. In order to clearly illustrate the interchangeability of hardware and software, the components of each example have been described in the above description in a general manner. Whether the functions are realized in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. The skilled person can use different methods to realize the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of the present application.

[0128] In the embodiments provided by the present application, it should be understood that the division of units is only a logical functional division, and there can be another division manner in actual implementation, for example, multiple units can be combined into one unit, one unit can be split into multiple units, or some features can be ignored, etc.

[0129] In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the present application can be integrated in one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically separately, or two or more units can be integrated in one unit. The integrated unit can be realized in the form of hardware or in the form of a software functional unit.

[0130] When the integrated unit is realized in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer readable storage medium. Based on such understanding, the technical solutions of the present application essentially or the part that contributes to the prior art or the whole or part of the technical solutions can be embodied in the form of a software product. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes a number of instructions for causing a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server or a network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in each embodiment of the present application. The aforementioned storage medium includes: a U disk, a read-only memory (ROM, Read-Only Memory), a random access memory (RAM, Random Access Memory), a mobile hard disk, a magnetic disk or an optical disk, and various media that can store program codes.

[0131] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, and are not intended to limit the present application. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions recorded in the above embodiments can be modified, or some or all of the technical features can be replaced by equivalent replacements. These modifications or replacements do not change the essence of the corresponding technical solutions, which should be covered in the scope of the claims and the description of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for constructing an energy station carbon emission flow allocation model considering energy quality, characterized in that, The application relates to an energy station optimal energy-carbon coupling tracking model based on exergy efficiency. The exergy efficiency comprises transformer exergy efficiency, combined heat and power generation electricity and heat exergy efficiency and gas boiler exergy efficiency. The application defines the carbon flow rate relationship between the input port and the output port of a single-input-single-output device and a single-input-multiple-output device, establishes an energy conversion device optimal energy-carbon coupling tracking allocation model based on exergy efficiency and considering device loss, and establishes a single-input-multiple-output conversion device optimal energy-carbon coupling tracking allocation model based on exergy efficiency and considering device loss as follows: The application defines the carbon emission flow rate conversion efficiency based on exergy efficiency, represents the energy conversion device input-output carbon flow rate relationship, defines the carbon flow rate coupling matrix and conversion relationship based on exergy efficiency to describe the relationship between the input and output port carbon potentials of the energy station, and establishes an energy station optimal energy-carbon coupling tracking allocation model based on exergy efficiency and considering device loss. wherein and are the carbon potential conversion efficiencies of the two output ports of the single-input-multiple-output conversion device, respectively; is the node carbon potential of the input port of the single-input-multiple-output conversion device; and are the node carbon potentials of the output ports 1, 2 of the single-input-multiple-output conversion device, respectively. The carbon emission flow rate conversion efficiency based on exergy efficiency is the product of the exergy efficiency and the carbon potential conversion efficiency. The carbon flow rate coupling matrix R and the conversion relationship based on the input exergy, the output exergy and the exergy efficiency to describe the relationship between the input and output port carbon potentials of the energy station are as follows: The energy station optimal energy-carbon coupling tracking model based on exergy efficiency is as follows: wherein is the input carbon potential vector, is the output carbon potential vector, is the input energy vector of the energy station, is the output energy vector of the energy station; The energy conversion device optimal energy-carbon coupling tracking allocation model based on exergy efficiency and considering device loss comprises a single-input-single-output conversion device optimal energy-carbon coupling tracking allocation model based on exergy efficiency and considering device loss and a single-input-multiple-output conversion device optimal energy-carbon coupling tracking allocation model based on exergy efficiency and considering device loss. wherein, , , , respectively represent the carbon emission flow rate conversion efficiency of transformer, gas boiler, combined heat and power conversion to electricity and heat based on exergy efficiency, is the carbon flow column vector inside the energy station, and are the carbon flow input and output column vectors, respectively.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein, The establishment steps of the single-input-single-output conversion device optimal energy-carbon coupling tracking allocation model based on exergy efficiency and considering device loss are as follows:

3. The method of claim 2, wherein the method further comprises: For the single-input-single-output conversion device considering device loss, all the carbon emissions related to the input energy should be allocated to the output energy and the conversion device itself. The single-input-single-output conversion device optimal energy-carbon coupling tracking allocation model based on exergy efficiency and considering device loss can be represented as follows: The establishment steps of the single-input-multiple-output conversion device optimal energy-carbon coupling tracking allocation model based on exergy efficiency and considering device loss are as follows: the node carbon potential for the output port of a single-input-single-output conversion device, the node carbon potential for the input of a single-input-single-output conversion device, the carbon potential conversion efficiency of a single-input-single-output conversion device.

4. The method of claim 3, wherein the method further comprises: For the single-input-multiple-output conversion device considering device loss, the input port carbon flow rate is equal to the sum of the output port carbon flow rate and the conversion device carbon flow rate loss, as shown in the following formula: The carbon emissions among the multiple-output energy conversion devices are allocated by using the allocation method based on exergy efficiency, as shown in the following formula: wherein, , , and are the input carbon flow rate, the output port carbon flow rate and the carbon flow rate loss to the single-input-multiple-output conversion device, respectively. ​ 。

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