Distributed energy storage control system and program online upgrading method thereof

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of energy storage control systems, and discloses a distributed energy storage control system and a program online upgrading method thereof. The system comprises a battery stack control layer, a battery cluster control layer and a battery module control layer which are sequentially connected through optical fiber communication. The main control board of the battery stack control layer can complete the upgrading of all the board cards of the whole energy storage system through one Ethernet interface, remote operation is realized, and the operation is simple, convenient and efficient without going to the site. Each control layer can adopt a case design, and a high-speed LVDS back bus is used in the case to provide a high-speed communication link support for data sharing between the board cards in the case. The control system adopts a layered design, high-speed optical fiber communication is used between the control layers, obvious high-speed data transmission capacity and extremely high anti-interference capacity are achieved. The program upgrading method adopts two data communication modes of point-to-point frame transmission and broadcast frame transmission, the advantages of the two modes are fully brought into play, and the reliability and efficiency of the program upgrading are ensured.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of energy storage control systems, in particular to a distributed energy storage control system and a program online upgrading method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] An electrochemical energy storage system includes single cells, battery modules, battery clusters and battery stacks, and the control of the entire system is relatively complex. Multiple board cards and multiple processors (such as ARM, FPGA and DSP, etc.) are needed for coordinated control from top to bottom, and there are many problems in program upgrading. Moreover, most of the existing energy storage systems are distributed with board cards, and communication uses 485, Modbus, Ethernet and many other different communication media and protocols, which has low communication efficiency and weak anti-interference ability. The existing program upgrading method is either only local optimization or not universal, i.e., not feasible for most manufacturers.

[0003] At present, some manufacturers have proposed some program upgrading methods for energy storage control systems. For example, patent application No. 202310416253.6 discloses a software upgrading method for an energy storage system device, which can upgrade the software in the control module and battery pack of the energy storage system through a communication module. However, this method has three main problems: first, it is limited to upgrading the board card at the BMU level, and the BCMU and above levels cannot be upgraded, which has certain limitations; second, it needs to lay multiple cables for upgrading the program and connect them to a certain place, which may increase the cost of the system; third, the program upgrading needs to manually carry the communication module to the site, and perform communication module wiring and upgrading operation on each battery cluster module, which cannot realize remote automatic upgrading and has relatively low automation degree. For example, patent application Nos. 202410206470.7 and 202110640216.4 both use EMS to provide a special interface for upgrading the energy storage system program. This method is not feasible for most energy storage manufacturers, mainly due to two reasons: first, the EMS and battery stack (control system) of most current energy storage projects, especially large-scale energy storage projects, are independently bid, and it is almost impossible for EMS to provide a universal program upgrading interface compatible with the control systems of many battery stack manufacturers; second, EMS is relatively complex, and battery stack manufacturers will not invest too much manpower to develop EMS, and thus will not use EMS for system program upgrading.

[0004] In summary, the existing energy storage control system and program upgrading method has certain problems: first, different boards use different interfaces, special burning software and tools, which requires operation and maintenance personnel to install many software, familiar with different interface wiring and master complex software operation steps, which is relatively cumbersome and prone to errors; second, personnel need to arrive at the project site, often need to open the cabinet door, remove the shell, connect the cable and the connection of the special tool, especially the BMU (Battery Management Unit) is installed in the battery box, the disassembly of the components is easy to cause damage to the equipment, which puts high requirements on the on-site operation and greatly reduces the maintainability of the system; third, the energy storage system control board is very much, for example, a 100MW / 400MWh project, the battery control system has 17280 BMU boards, 1080 BCMU (Battery Cluster Control Unit) boards, 60 battery stack level control boards and other control boards, manual upgrading of each board consumes a lot of time and is not allowed in the construction period. SUMMARY

[0005] The purpose of the present application is to provide a distributed energy storage control system and its program online upgrading method, optimize the communication architecture of the energy storage control system, improve the communication efficiency, realize the remote online upgrading of the programs of various control boards, reduce the complexity of on-site operation and save costs, while ensuring the reliability and efficiency of program upgrading, and provide technical support for the reliable and stable operation of the energy storage system.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the present application provides the following scheme:

[0007] A distributed energy storage control system, comprising a battery stack control layer, a battery cluster control layer and a battery module control layer connected in sequence by optical fiber communication;

[0008] The battery stack control layer comprises a main control box and a main control board arranged in the main control box, the main control board is provided with an Ethernet interface, and the Ethernet interface is used for communication connection with a remote control terminal;

[0009] The battery cluster control layer comprises a plurality of cluster control boxes and a BCMU control board arranged in the cluster control box, and the plurality of BCMU control boards are connected with the main control board by optical fiber communication;

[0010] The battery module control layer comprises a plurality of battery module control systems, each battery module control system comprises a plurality of BMU control boards, and the plurality of BMU control boards are electrically connected with the plurality of battery modules one by one; each battery module control system corresponds to a BCMU control board, and the plurality of BMU control boards in each battery module control system are connected with the corresponding BCMU control board by optical fiber communication.

[0011] Further, the main control cabinet and cluster control cabinet adopt a container form, and the main control cabinet and cluster control cabinet share a high-speed LVDS back bus.

[0012] Further, the control cabinet is further provided with a power supply board, a PCS board, an IO board and a sampling board which are electrically connected with the main control board.

[0013] Further, the cluster control cabinet is further provided with a power supply board, an IO board and a plurality of optical fiber boards which are electrically connected with the BCMU control board, and the optical fiber boards are used for optical fiber communication connection with the BMU control board.

[0014] Further, the remote control terminal is a web client loaded on an operator workstation or an operation and maintenance computer, and a user accesses the Ethernet interface through a web browser of the operator workstation or the operation and maintenance computer.

[0015] The application further provides a program online upgrading method of the distributed energy storage control system.

[0016] The point-to-point frame transmission mode is used for program upgrading between different boards in the cabinet, and each frame message sent by a sending side board needs to be responded by a target board, and has a timeout retransmission mechanism.

[0017] The broadcast frame transmission mode is used for target boards which are a plurality of boards and have the same program type, and a sending side board sends the program in frames at a fixed period, and the target boards do not need to respond in the middle, and waits for the upgrading result of the target boards after the sending, and if there is still a target board which has not completed the upgrading within a certain time interval, a broadcast retransmission is performed.

[0018] Further, the program online upgrading method adopts an internal private protocol for program forwarding, the format of the internal private protocol includes a frame header, a program level, a program type, a program version number, a frame sequence number, a total frame number, a program total length and a program CRC, and has a frame transmission, packet loss retransmission and verification mechanism when the program is forwarded by the point-to-point frame transmission mode and the broadcast frame transmission mode.

[0019] Further, the program online upgrading method includes a program upgrading method between the web client and the main control board of the main control cabinet.

[0020] (1) a username and a password are input in the web client to log in;

[0021] (2) Enter the upgrade interface, select the program level and program type to be upgraded, the program level includes three levels, corresponding to the battery stack control layer, the battery cluster control layer and the battery module control layer, and the program type corresponds to the type code of each board card; input the version number of the new program, and then load the corresponding file to the web client;

[0022] (3) The web client performs CRC calculation on the new program, and transmits the file of the new program, the program level, the program type, the program size, the version number and the CRC value to the main control board of the main control box through the http protocol;

[0023] (4) The program upgrade receiving module of the main control board is responsible for receiving the new program, and after receiving the program upgrade instruction, the file of the received new program is put into the system temporary path, and the CRC calculation of the file of the new program is performed. When the CRC value calculated is the same as the CRC value received by the protocol, it is considered that the program transmission is correct, otherwise it is considered that the file transmission is incorrect, and the file transmission result is uploaded;

[0024] (5) When the program transmission is correct, the program upgrade receiving module of the main control board notifies the program upgrade processing module of the main control board, and the program upgrade processing module performs program upgrade operation;

[0025] (6) The program upgrade receiving module of the main control board waits for the result of whether the upgrade is successful sent by the program upgrade processing module, and uploads the result to the web client.

[0026] Further, the program online upgrade method further comprises a main control board program upgrade method; the main control board program upgrade method specifically comprises:

[0027] (1) After the program upgrade processing module of the main control board receives the program receiving success state sent by the program upgrade receiving module of the main control board, it is judged whether the current energy storage system is in a running state. If yes, the main control board will cut the energy storage system to an upgrade mode, and the energy storage system refuses any charge and discharge instruction from outside in the upgrade mode;

[0028] (2) Determine the target control layer and the target board card according to the program level and the program type:

[0029] When the target control layer is the battery stack control layer and the target board card is the main board card, it is judged whether the version number of the new program is the same as the version number of the old program. If not, the old program is backed up, and then the new program is loaded to the program area of the main board card, the upgrade is started, if the upgrade is successful, the version number of the new program is saved, if the upgrade fails, the old program is started, and the upgrade result is transmitted to the program upgrade receiving module of the main control board;

[0030] When the target control layer is a battery stack control layer, and the target board card is a non-master control board, the master control board adopts a point-to-point frame transmission mode to forward the new program to the target board card, and starts the upgrade, waits for the target board card to feed back the upgrade result, and uploads the upgrade result to the program upgrade receiving module of the master control board; the number of non-master control boards is unique and does not have a board card with the same program type;

[0031] When the target control layer is a non-battery stack control layer, the master control board adopts a broadcast frame transmission mode to send the new program to the BCMU control board, and the BCMU control board starts the BCMU control board program upgrade method, waits for the target board card to feed back the upgrade result, and uploads the upgrade result to the program upgrade receiving module of the master control board.

[0032] Further, the program online upgrade method further comprises a BCMU control board program upgrade method; the BCMU control board program upgrade method specifically comprises:

[0033] (1) After the BCMU control board receives the new program sent by the master control board, the target control layer and the target board card are determined according to the program level and the program type:

[0034] (2) When the target control layer is a battery cluster control layer, and the target board card is a BCMU control board, it is judged whether the version number of the new program is the same as the version number of the old program, and the old program is backed up when the two are different, then the new program is loaded to the program area of the BCMU control board, the upgrade is started, if the upgrade is successful, the version number of the new program is saved, if the upgrade fails, the backup old program is started, and the upgrade result is uploaded to the master control board;

[0035] (3) When the target control layer is a battery cluster control layer, and the target board card is a plurality of same fiber boards, the BCMU control board adopts a broadcast frame transmission mode to send the new program to the plurality of same fiber boards, when the version number of the new program is different from the version number of the old program, the fiber board starts the upgrade, if the upgrade is successful, the version number of the new program is saved, if the upgrade fails, the backup old program is started, and the upgrade result is transmitted to the BCMU control board;

[0036] (4) When the target control layer is a battery cluster control layer, and the target board card is not a BCMU control board and not a fiber board, but other board cards with unique number, the BCMU control board adopts a point-to-point frame transmission mode to forward the new program to the target board card, and starts the upgrade, waits for the target board card to feed back the upgrade result, and uploads the upgrade result to the BCMU control board;

[0037] (5) When the target control layer is a battery module control layer, the BCMU control board adopts a broadcast frame transmission mode to send the new program to the BMU control board, and the BMU control board starts the upgrade, and uploads the upgrade result to the BCMU control board.

[0038] Further, the program forwarding and program upgrading by using the point-to-point frame transmission mode are implemented as follows:

[0039] Firstly, the sending side board card calculates the number of frames to be sent according to the length of the new program to be upgraded, fills and sends the first frame message according to the upgrade frame format;

[0040] Secondly, the sending side board card waits for the response message from the target board card with a period of T1, and if the frame sequence number of the received response message is 8888, it means that the new program version number is the same as the old program version number and no upgrade is needed, and the program upgrade is successful by default and the result is sent to the sending side board card;

[0041] Thirdly, if the frame sequence number of the received response message is not 8888 and the response message is the last frame response message, the program upgrade is successful and the result is sent to the sending side board card; then, if the frame sequence number of the received response message is not 8888 and the response message is not the last frame response message, the next frame upgrade message is organized and sent to the target board card;

[0042] Next, if the sending side board card does not receive the response message from the target board card after T1 time interval, the sending side board card retransmits;

[0043] Finally, if the sending side board card still does not receive the response message from the target board card after T2 time interval, the sending side board card defaults that the program upgrade fails, and sends the upgrade result to the sending side board card, wherein T2>T1.

[0044] Further, the program forwarding and program upgrading by using the broadcast frame transmission mode are implemented as follows:

[0045] Firstly, the sending side board card calculates the number of frames to be sent according to the length of the new program to be upgraded, fills and sends the first frame message according to the upgrade frame format;

[0046] Secondly, the sending side board card waits for the response message from the target board card with a period of T1, and if the frame sequence number of the received response message is 8888, it means that the new program version number is the same as the old program version number and no upgrade is needed, and the target board card ID number is recorded;

[0047] Thirdly, if the frame sequence number of the received response message is not 8888, the target board card upgrade fails and the ID number is recorded; then, if the received response message is not the last response message of the target board card, the response message of the next target board card is listened to;

[0048] Then, if the sending side board card does not receive all the target board card response messages within T1 time interval but within T2 time interval, a new program file is rebroadcasted from the first frame; wherein, T2>T1.

[0049] Finally, if the sending side board card does not receive all the target board card response messages within T2 time interval, the target board cards that do not receive the response messages are counted based on the recorded target board card ID numbers, and the upgrade result is uploaded to the sending side board card.

[0050] According to the embodiments of the present application, the distributed energy storage control system and the program online upgrade method thereof have the following technical effects:

[0051] Firstly, the distributed energy storage control system adopts a three-layer control architecture, optimizes the communication architecture of the energy storage control system, improves the communication efficiency, adopts high-speed optical fiber communication between the control levels, realizes high-speed communication of the data of the energy storage control system and high anti-interference capability, in addition, a case design is adopted, a high-speed LVDS back bus is adopted in the case, a high-speed communication link support is provided for the data sharing between the board cards in the case, and the convenience of the energy storage system control protection and the efficiency of the program upgrade are greatly improved.

[0052] In summary, the present application simplifies and unifies the external interface of the energy storage system program upgrade, improves the efficiency and reliability of the energy storage system program upgrade, improves the system data transmission efficiency and anti-interference capability, reduces the on-site operation and maintenance complexity, reduces personnel travel and reduces enterprise cost, etc. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0053] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the drawings needed in the embodiments will be briefly introduced as follows. Obviously, the drawings in the following description only some embodiments of the present application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can also be obtained without creative labor based on these drawings.

[0054] Figure 1 The structure diagram of the distributed energy storage control system of the embodiments of the present application is shown in the figure.

[0055] Figure 2 Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the chassis and back bus structure of an embodiment of the present application, wherein (a) is a master chassis, and (b) is a cluster chassis;

[0056] Figure 3 Figure 2 is a flowchart of the program upgrade process between the web client and the master board of the master chassis of an embodiment of the present application;

[0057] Figure 4 Figure 3 is a logic flowchart of the program upgrade of the master board of an embodiment of the present application;

[0058] Figure 5 Figure 4 is a logic flowchart of the program upgrade of the BCMU control board of an embodiment of the present application.

[0059] Figure 6 Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the point-to-point frame transmission message format of an embodiment of the present application;

[0060] Figure 7 Figure 6 is a logic flowchart of the upgrade program of the point-to-point frame transmission of an embodiment of the present application.

[0061] Figure 8 Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the broadcast frame transmission message format of an embodiment of the present application;

[0062] Figure 9 Figure 8 is a logic flowchart of the upgrade program of the broadcast frame transmission of an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0063] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative work fall within the scope of the present application.

[0064] The application aims to provide a distributed energy storage control system and a program online upgrading method thereof, which has the following advantages: 1. An Ethernet interface is used to complete the program upgrading of all functional boards of the energy storage system, including BMU, BCMU, stack controller and PCS, and the program upgrading can be completely remotely operated without going to the site and without accompanying any other operation, which is simple and efficient; 2. Point-to-point frame transmission and broadcast frame transmission are used to give full play to their respective advantages, and the data transmission is protected by a strict private protocol, which guarantees the reliability and efficiency of the program upgrading; 3. The control system adopts a case mode, and the case adopts a high-speed LVDS back bus, which provides a high-speed communication link support for the data sharing between the boards in the case, which greatly improves the convenience of the energy storage system control and protection and the efficiency of the program upgrading; and 4. A hierarchical design is adopted, and the functions of the three control layers are clearly divided, and high-speed optical fiber communication is used between the control layers, which has obvious high-speed data transmission capacity and high anti-interference capacity in a harsh energy storage application environment.

[0065] In order to make the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the application more obvious and easy to understand, the application will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments.

[0066] As shown in the drawings, Figures 1-2 The distributed energy storage control system provided by the application is divided into three layers from top to bottom, the first layer is a battery stack control layer, which is responsible for system coordination control, battery stack power conversion, system external communication and control protection, etc., the second layer is a battery cluster control layer, which is responsible for battery cluster control protection, data acquisition, auxiliary equipment communication and communication between upper and lower control layers, etc., and the third layer is a battery module control layer, which is responsible for battery module power device control protection, battery module parameter acquisition, battery cluster control layer communication, etc.

[0067] The battery stack control layer, the battery cluster control layer and the battery module control layer are sequentially connected through optical fiber communication.

[0068] The battery stack control layer includes a main control case and a main control board arranged in the main control case, the main control board is provided with an Ethernet interface, and the Ethernet interface is used for communication connection with a remote control terminal; a user can remotely access an operator workstation or an operation and maintenance computer through a web browser to access the Ethernet, so as to realize the program upgrading of all boards of the three control layers of the entire control system from top to bottom, and without installing any burning software, without opening the cabinet door, disassembling parts, connecting any special tool, and without reaching the site, the operation is simple, and the system has high maintainability.

[0069] The main control cabinet is also provided with a power supply board, a PCS board, an IO board and a sampling board which are electrically connected with the main control board.

[0070] The battery cluster control layer comprises a plurality of cluster control cabinets and a plurality of BCMU control boards arranged in the cluster control cabinets, and the plurality of BCMU control boards are connected with the main control board through optical fiber communication.

[0071] The battery module control layer comprises a plurality of battery module control systems, each of which comprises a plurality of BMU control boards which are electrically connected with the plurality of battery modules one by one.

[0072] In the energy storage system in the embodiment of the application, a plurality of battery modules form a battery cluster, and a plurality of battery clusters form a battery stack.

[0073] As shown in Figure 2 The main control cabinet and the cluster control cabinet adopt a container form, and the board cards in the main control cabinet and the cluster control cabinet share a high-speed LVDS back bus.

[0074] The board cards of the battery stack control layer and the battery cluster control layer are integrated in the corresponding level control cabinets, the board cards in the cabinets share a powerful high-speed LVDS back bus, and high-speed optical fiber communication is adopted among the three control levels, so that the upgrading and data sharing of the program of the board cards in the horizontal cabinet and the board cards among the vertical cabinets can be quickly and reliably realized, and the control system can be conveniently expanded with new board cards.

[0075] As shown in Figures 3-9As shown, the application also provides a program online upgrading method of a distributed energy storage control system, which applies the distributed energy storage control system, and the distributed energy storage control system adopts point-to-point frame transmission mode and broadcast frame transmission mode for program forwarding;

[0076] The point-to-point frame transmission mode is used for program upgrading between boards in the case, and each frame message sent by the sending side board needs to be responded by the target board, and has a timeout retransmission mechanism, which ensures the program integrity of this mode; the broadcast frame transmission mode is used for target boards with many boards and same program type (such as BMU board of the third layer, fiber board of the second layer, etc.), and the sending side board sends the program in frames at a fixed period, without the response of the target board in the middle, and waits for the upgrading result of the target board after sending, and if there is still a target board not completing the upgrading within a certain time interval, a broadcast retransmission is performed, so that the program upgrading reliability is met, and the efficiency of program upgrading is greatly improved.

[0077] The program upgrading of the boards in the case and the boards between the cases of the distributed energy storage control system adopts an internal private protocol, the protocol format includes frame header, program level, program type (board type), program version number, frame sequence number, total frame number, program total length, program CRC, etc., and has packet loss retransmission, communication recovery and continuous transmission and strict verification mechanism when adopting point-to-point and broadcast transmission, which ensures the program upgrading reliability and high efficiency.

[0078] The upgrading scheme of each control layer and target board of the application is described in detail as follows:

[0079] I. Program upgrading between web client and main control board of main control case

[0080] As shown in the figure, Figure 3 The program upgrading method between the web client and the main control board of the main control case is as follows:

[0081] Firstly, considering the safety problem, the username and password need to be inputted to log in;

[0082] Secondly, enter the special upgrading program interface, select the program level to be upgraded (1 represents the first layer, 2 represents the second layer, and 3 represents the third layer), the program type (each board has different type codes), input the version number of the new program, then load the corresponding file to the web server, and finally click the program upgrading button;

[0083] Thirdly, the web client calculates the CRC of the program, and sends the program file together with the program level, program type, program size, version number and CRC value to the main control board (i.e. web server) of the main control case through the http protocol;

[0084] Then, the "program upgrade receiving module" of the master control board is responsible for receiving the new program. After receiving the program upgrade instruction, the received program file will be placed in the system temporary path (under the operating system file system), and the CRC calculation will be performed on the file. When the calculated CRC value is the same as the received CRC value, it is considered that the program transmission is correct, otherwise it is considered that the file transmission is incorrect, and the file transmission result is sent to the web client.

[0085] Next, when the CRC is correct, the "program upgrade receiving module" will notify the "program upgrade processing module", and the latter will perform the program upgrade related operation.

[0086] Finally, the "program upgrade receiving module" will wait for the upgrade success or failure result sent by the "program upgrade processing module", and send the result to the web client.

[0087] II. Master control board program upgrade

[0088] The master control board is the total entrance of the entire energy storage system program upgrade, Figure 4 The master control board program upgrade logic flow chart is shown in the following figure. The master control board program upgrade method is as follows:

[0089] Firstly, after receiving the program receiving success state sent by the "program upgrade receiving module" of the master control board, it will be judged whether the current energy storage system is in running state. Only when the system is in non-running state, the program upgrade is allowed. The method for judging whether the energy storage system is in running state can be that the master control board reads the power conversion unit working state shared by the energy storage inverter PCS to judge the current energy storage system running state (the PCS power conversion unit will share the system running state, fault and other data to the master control board through the back bus of the case).

[0090] Secondly, the master control board will cut the energy storage system to "upgrade mode", in which mode the energy storage system refuses any external charge and discharge instruction.

[0091] Thirdly, when the target board card is the first layer master control board, it is judged whether the version number of the new program is different from that of the old program. If they are different, the old program will be backed up, then the new program will be loaded to the program area, the upgrade will be started and the upgrade indicator light will be turned on. If the upgrade is successful, the version number will be saved. If the upgrade fails, the old program will be started and the upgrade result will be informed to the "program upgrade receiving module".

[0092] Then, when the target board card to be upgraded is the first layer non-master control board, the master control board will use the point-to-point frame transmission method to transmit the new program to be upgraded to the target board card and start the upgrade (the transmission logic is shown in the following figure Figure 7 ), and wait for the upgrade result of the target board card and send the upgrade result to the "program upgrade receiving module" of the master control board.

[0093] Finally, when the target board card is not the first layer, the main control board first transmits the new program to the BCMU control board in a broadcast framing transmission manner (transmission logic is shown in Figure 9 ), the BCMU control board starts the corresponding program upgrade process (specifically shown in Figure 5 ), waits for the program upgrade result, and sends the result to the main control board "program upgrade receiving module". Among them, there are multiple BCMU control boards in the second layer, and the broadcast framing transmission manner is used for downward transmission to improve the upgrade efficiency.

[0094] III. BCMU control board program upgrade

[0095] The BCMU control board is the total entrance of the second layer and the third layer program upgrade of the entire energy storage system, Figure 5 The BCMU control board program upgrade logic flow chart is shown in the figure. The BCMU control board program upgrade method is as follows:

[0096] Firstly, it is judged whether the new program is completely received;

[0097] Secondly, when the program type is the BCMU control board, if the version number of the new program is the same as that of the old program, the upgrade is exited (default upgrade success), and when the version number of the new program is different from that of the old program, the new program is loaded into the BCMU control board program area, the upgrade is started, and the upgrade indicator light is lit. If the upgrade is successful, the version number of the new program is saved, and if the upgrade fails, the backup old program is started, and the upgrade result is sent to the main control board;

[0098] Thirdly, when the program type is not the BCMU control board, and the target board card is not the third layer program type or the optical fiber board, the upgrade program is transmitted to the target board card in a point-to-point framing transmission manner (point-to-point framing transmission logic is shown in Figure 7 ), and the upgrade is started. The target board card feeds back the upgrade result, and the upgrade result is sent to the BCMU control board;

[0099] Then, when the target board card is the third layer board card or the program type is the optical fiber board, the upgrade program is transmitted to the optical fiber board in a broadcast framing transmission manner (broadcast framing transmission logic is shown in Figure 9 ), and the upgrade process is started. Next, if the program type is the optical fiber board, when the version number of the new program is the same as that of the old program, the upgrade is exited (default upgrade success), and when the version number of the new program is different from that of the old program, the optical fiber board starts the program upgrade and lights the upgrade indicator light. If the upgrade is successful, the version number is saved, and if the upgrade fails, the backup old program is started, and the upgrade result is sent to the BCMU control board;

[0100] Finally, if the program type is not the optical fiber board, the new program is transmitted to the BMU control board in a broadcast framing manner (broadcast framing transmission logic is shown in Figure 9), waits for the upgrade result, and sends the upgrade result to the BMU control board.

[0101] IV. Point-to-point frame transmission mode

[0102] The message format of the point-to-point frame transmission mode upgrade program is shown in the following table: Figure 6 The sending side board card sends the message as defined below:

[0103] The maximum length of the message is 214 bytes, wherein the frame header occupies 2 bytes (the content is fixed as AA 55), the program level occupies 1 byte (the content 1 represents the first level, 2 represents the second level, 3 represents the third level, and others are invalid), the program type occupies 1 byte (different board cards use different codes), the version number occupies 2 bytes (representing the new program version), the frame sequence number occupies 2 bytes (representing the sequence number of the current message, the first frame message sequence number is 1, and the subsequent is cumulative), the total frame number occupies 2 bytes (representing how many frame messages are needed for the current program transmission), the total length occupies 2 bytes (representing the size of the current program, that is, how many bytes), the CRC occupies 2 bytes (representing the CRC check code of the upgrade program), and data1~data200 each occupies 1 byte (filling the specific program content, and 0 can be supplemented for less than 200).

[0104] After receiving the upgrade message sent by the sending side board card, the target board needs to send a response message to the sending side board card to send the next frame upgrade message. If the target board does not send a response message for a long time, the sending side board card will resend the upgrade message to ensure complete sending and receiving of the upgrade program. The response message sent by the target board is defined as follows:

[0105] The fixed length of the message is 8 bytes, wherein the frame header occupies 2 bytes (the content is fixed as AA 55), the program level occupies 1 byte (the same as the sending side sending message), the program type occupies 1 byte (the sending side sending message), the version number occupies 2 bytes (the sending side sending message), and the frame sequence number occupies 2 bytes (the sending side sending message, if the version number and the old version number are the same, the target board sets the frame sequence number as 8888, indicating that the program does not need to be upgraded).

[0106] The point-to-point frame transmission upgrade program logic between the board cards is shown in the following table: Figure 7 , and specifically includes:

[0107] First, the sending side board card calculates the number of frames needed to be sent according to the length of the new upgrade program, fills and sends the first frame message (the format is shown in the following table) according to the upgrade frame format: Figure 6

[0108] ​Secondly, every time a frame message is sent, a certain time is needed to receive the response message, the sending side board card waits for the response message with T1 as the period (the time can be set, which is proportional to the frame message length), if the frame sequence number of the received response message is 8888, it means that the upgrade version number is the same as the old version number and no upgrade is needed, the default program upgrade is successful and the result is sent to the sending side board card;

[0109] Thirdly, if the frame sequence number of the received response message is not 8888 and the response message is the last frame response message (the frame sequence number is equal to the total frame number), the program upgrade is successful and the result is sent to the sending side board card; then, if the frame sequence number of the received response message is not 8888 and the response message is not the last frame response message, the next frame upgrade message is organized and sent to the target board card;

[0110] Next, if the sending side board card does not receive the response message of the target board card after T1 time interval, the sending side board card retransmits, and only retransmits once;

[0111] Finally, if the sending side board card still does not receive the response message of the target board card after T2 time interval (the time can be set, which is proportional to T1 and the total frame number of the upgrade program, T2=T1*(total frame number+2)), the sending side board card defaults that the program upgrade fails, and sends the upgrade result to the sending side board card.

[0112] Five, broadcast frame transmission mode

[0113] The message format of the patent single board card for broadcasting frame transmission upgrade program between multiple board cards is shown in the following table: Figure 8 In order to realize software modular programming, the sending side board card sends the message format consistent with the point-to-point frame transmission message format, which is not described here.

[0114] The sending side board card sends the upgrade message periodically, and the target board does not need to send the response message after receiving the upgrade message sent by the sending side board card, and only sends the response message when all the upgrade messages are received or the version number of the upgrade program is the same as the old version number, which improves the efficiency of program upgrade.

[0115] The response message sent by the target board card is defined as follows:

[0116] The fixed length of the message is 10 bytes, wherein the frame header occupies 2 bytes (the content is fixed as AA 55), the program level occupies 1 byte (the same as the message sent by the sending side), the program type occupies 1 byte (the same as the message sent by the sending side), the version number occupies 2 bytes (the same as the message sent by the sending side, if the version number and the old version number are the same, the target board sets the frame sequence number as 8888, indicating that the program does not need to be upgraded), the ID number occupies 2 bytes (the unique ID of the target board card, the board card on the sending side judges which of the multiple target board cards of the same type are successfully upgraded and which are not successfully upgraded through the ID).

[0117] The logic of the broadcast frame transmission upgrade program between the board cards is shown in Figure 9 , and specifically includes:

[0118] Firstly, the sending side board card calculates the number of frames to be sent according to the length of the upgrade program, fills the message according to the upgrade frame format (the format is shown in Figure 8 ) and sends it, and continues to organize and send the next frame message until the whole program is sent.

[0119] Secondly, after sending the upgrade message, a certain time is needed to receive the response message of all target board cards; the sending side board card waits for the response message of the target board card with a time T1 as a period (the time can be set, and its size is proportional to the size of the program file), if the frame sequence number of the received response message is 8888, it means that the upgrade version number and the old version number are the same and do not need to be upgraded, and the ID number of the target board card is recorded.

[0120] Thirdly, if the frame sequence number of the received response message is not 8888, the target board card fails to upgrade and the ID number is recorded; then, if the received response message is not the response message of the last target board card (when the sending side board card receives the response message of all target board cards under its jurisdiction, it is considered that the program upgrade is completed), the response message of the next target board card is continued to be listened to.

[0121] Then, if the sending side board card does not receive all the response messages of the target board cards within T1 time interval but within T2 time interval (the time can be set, and its size is proportional to T1, T2=T1*1.5), the program file will be broadcasted from the first frame again, and only once.

[0122] Finally, if the sending side board card does not receive all the response messages of the target board cards within T2 time interval, the upgrade result will be uploaded to the sending side board card based on the recorded ID number of the target board card.

[0123] The distributed energy storage control system and the online program upgrade method thereof provided by the application have the following technical advantages:

[0124] Firstly, the program online upgrading method can complete the program upgrading of all functional boards of the energy storage system including BMU, BCMU, stack controller and PCS by using only one Ethernet interface, and can be completely remotely operated without going to the site and without accompanying any other operation, which is simple and efficient, and the program upgrading method has obvious advantages;

[0125] Secondly, the program online upgrading method adopts two data communication modes of point-to-point frame transmission and broadcast frame transmission, fully gives play to respective advantages, and data transmission adopts strict private protocol for guarantee (frame transmission, packet loss retransmission and strict check mechanism), so that the program upgrading has high reliability and high efficiency;

[0126] Thirdly, unlike most energy storage manufacturers, the control system adopts a chassis mode, and the chassis adopts a high-speed LVDS back bus, which provides a high-speed communication link support for data sharing between boards in the chassis, which greatly improves the convenience of the energy storage system control and protection and the efficiency of the program upgrading;

[0127] Finally, the control system adopts a layered design, and the three control layers have clear function division, and high-speed optical fiber communication is adopted between the control layers, which has obvious high-speed data transmission capacity and high anti-interference capacity in the harsh energy storage application environment.

[0128] The principles and implementation modes of the present application are described by using specific examples in the present application, and the above examples are only used to help understand the method of the present application and its core idea; meanwhile, for those skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present application, the specific implementation mode and application range will be changed. In conclusion, the content of the present specification should not be understood as a limitation of the present application.

Claims

1. An online program upgrade method for a distributed energy storage control system, applied to a distributed energy storage control system, characterized in that: The distributed energy storage control system includes: a battery stack control layer, a battery cluster control layer, and a battery module control layer connected sequentially via optical fiber communication; the battery stack control layer includes a main control chassis and a main control board disposed within the main control chassis, the main control board being provided with an Ethernet interface for communication with a remote control terminal; the battery cluster control layer includes multiple cluster control chassis and BCMU control boards disposed within the cluster control chassis, the multiple BCMU control boards being optically connected to one of the main control boards; the main control chassis and cluster control chassis are in container form, and the boards within the main control chassis and cluster control chassis share a high-speed LVDS backplane bus; the battery module control layer includes multiple battery module control systems, each battery module control system including multiple BMU control boards, the multiple BMU control boards being electrically connected to multiple battery modules one-to-one; each battery module control system corresponds to one BCMU control board, and the multiple BMU control boards within each battery module control system are respectively optically connected to their corresponding BCMU control boards; The distributed energy storage control system uses point-to-point frame transmission and broadcast frame transmission for program forwarding. Point-to-point frame transmission is used for program upgrades between different boards inside the chassis. Each frame of a message sent by the sending board requires a response from the target board and has a timeout retransmission mechanism. The broadcast frame transmission method is used when there are many target boards with the same program type. The sending board will send the program in frames at regular intervals without the target board needing to respond. After the transmission is completed, it will wait for the upgrade result of the target board. If the target board has not completed the upgrade within a certain time interval, a broadcast retransmission will be performed. The online program upgrade method also includes a main control board program upgrade method; the main control board program upgrade method determines the target control layer and target board based on the program level and program type, including: When the target control layer is the battery stack control layer and the target board is not the main control board, the main control board forwards the new program to the target board using a point-to-point frame transmission method, starts the upgrade, waits for the target board to feed back the upgrade result, and sends the upgrade result to the program upgrade receiving module of the main control board; the number of non-main control boards is unique and there are no boards with the same program type. When the target control layer is not the battery stack control layer, the main control board uses broadcast frame transmission to send the new program to the BCMU control board. The BCMU control board starts the BCMU control board program upgrade method, waits for the target board to provide feedback on the upgrade result, and then sends the upgrade result to the main control board's program upgrade receiving module.

2. The online program upgrade method for a distributed energy storage control system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control box also contains a power board, a PCS board, an IO board, and a sampling board that are electrically connected to the main control board; The cluster control chassis is also equipped with a power board, an I / O board, and multiple fiber optic boards that are electrically connected to the BCMU control board. The fiber optic boards are used for fiber optic communication with the BMU control board. The remote control terminal is a web client mounted on an operator workstation or maintenance computer. Users access the Ethernet interface through a web browser on the operator workstation or maintenance computer.

3. The online program upgrade method for a distributed energy storage control system according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the online program upgrade method, program forwarding adopts an internal private protocol. The format of the internal private protocol includes frame header, program level, program type, program version number, frame sequence number, total number of frames, total program length, and program CRC. When forwarding the program using point-to-point frame transmission and broadcast frame transmission, it has frame transmission, packet loss retransmission, and verification mechanisms.

4. The online program upgrade method for a distributed energy storage control system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The online program upgrade method includes a program upgrade method between a web client and the main control board of the main control chassis; The method for upgrading the program between the web client and the main control board of the main control chassis specifically includes: (1) Log in to the web client by entering your username and password; (2) Enter the upgrade program interface, select the program level and program type to be upgraded. The program level includes three levels, which correspond to the battery stack control layer, battery cluster control layer and battery module control layer respectively. The program type corresponds to the type code of each board. Enter the version number of the new program and then load the corresponding file into the web client. (3) The web client performs CRC calculation on the new program and sends the file of the new program along with the program level, program type, program size, version number and CRC value to the main control board of the main control chassis via the HTTP protocol; (4) The main control board’s program upgrade receiving module is responsible for receiving new programs. After receiving the program upgrade instruction, it puts the file of the new program into the system temporary path and performs CRC calculation on the file of the new program. If the calculated CRC value is the same as the CRC value received by the protocol, the program transmission is considered to be error-free; otherwise, the file transmission is considered to be error-free, and the file transmission result is sent up. (5) When the program transmission is correct, the program upgrade receiving module of the main control board notifies the program upgrade processing module of the main control board, and the program upgrade processing module performs the program upgrade operation. (6) The main control board’s program upgrade receiving module waits for the upgrade success or failure result sent by the program upgrade processing module and sends the result to the web client.

5. The online program upgrade method for a distributed energy storage control system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main control board program upgrade method also includes: (1) After the main control board’s program upgrade processing module receives the program reception success status sent by the main control board’s program upgrade receiving module, it determines whether the current energy storage system is in operation. If so, the main control board will switch the energy storage system to upgrade mode. In upgrade mode, the energy storage system will refuse any external charging or discharging commands. (2) Determine the target control layer and target board based on the program level and program type: When the target control layer is the battery stack control layer and the target board is the motherboard, determine whether the version number of the new program and the version number of the old program are the same. If they are different, back up the old program, then load the new program into the program area of ​​the motherboard and start the upgrade. If the upgrade is successful, save the version number of the new program. If the upgrade fails, start the backed-up old program and transmit the upgrade result to the program upgrade receiving module of the main control board.

6. The online program upgrade method for a distributed energy storage control system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The online program upgrade method also includes a BCMU control board program upgrade method; the BCMU control board program upgrade method specifically includes: (1) After receiving the new program sent by the main control board, the BCMU control board determines the target control layer and target board according to the program level and program type: (2) When the target control layer is the battery cluster control layer and the target board is the BCMU control board, determine whether the version number of the new program and the version number of the old program are the same. If they are different, back up the old program, then load the new program into the program area of ​​the BCMU control board and start the upgrade. If the upgrade is successful, save the version number of the new program. If the upgrade fails, start the backed-up old program and upload the upgrade result to the main control board. (3) When the target control layer is the battery cluster control layer and the target board is multiple identical fiber optic boards, the BCMU control board uses broadcast frame transmission to send the new program to multiple identical fiber optic boards. When the version number of the new program is different from the version number of the old program, the fiber optic board starts the upgrade. If the upgrade is successful, the version number of the new program is saved. If the upgrade fails, the backup old program is started and the upgrade result is transmitted to the BCMU control board. (4) When the target control layer is the battery cluster control layer, and the target board is neither the BCMU control board nor the fiber optic board, but is a unique board of other types, the BCMU control board forwards the new program to the target board using a point-to-point frame transmission method, starts the upgrade, waits for the target board to provide feedback on the upgrade result, and sends the upgrade result to the BCMU control board. (5) When the target control layer is the battery module control layer, the BCMU control board uses the broadcast frame transmission method to send the new program to the BMU control board, the BMU control board starts the upgrade, and sends the upgrade result to the BCMU control board.

7. The online program upgrade method for a distributed energy storage control system according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The steps for program upgrade using point-to-point frame transmission to forward the program are as follows: First, the sideboard card calculates the number of frames to be sent based on the length of the new program being upgraded, fills in the frame according to the upgrade frame format, and sends the first frame message. Secondly, the sending sideboard card waits for the target board to send a response message at a time interval of T1. If the frame sequence number of the received response message is 8888, it means that the new program version number is the same as the old program version number and no upgrade is needed. The program upgrade is successful by default and the result is sent to the sending sideboard card. Secondly, if the frame sequence number of the received response message is not 8888, and this response message is the last frame of the response message, the program upgrade is successful and the result is sent to the sending side board card; then, if the frame sequence number of the received response message is not 8888, and this response message is not the last frame of the response message, the next frame of the upgrade message is organized and sent to the target board card. Next, if no response message is received from the target board after the T1 time interval, the sideboard is retransmitted. Finally, if the sending sideboard does not receive a response message from the target board after the T2 time interval, the sending sideboard defaults to a program upgrade failure and sends the upgrade result to the sending sideboard, where T2>T1.

8. The method for online program upgrade of a distributed energy storage control system according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The steps for program upgrade via broadcast frame transmission to perform program forwarding are as follows: First, the side panel card calculates the number of frames to be sent based on the length of the new program to be upgraded, fills the message according to the upgrade frame format and sends it. After the timer expires, it continues to organize and send the next frame message until the entire new program is sent. Secondly, the sideboard card waits for the target board to respond with a response message at a time interval of T1. If the frame sequence number of the received response message is 8888, it means that the new program version number is the same as the old program version number and no upgrade is needed. Record the target board ID number. Secondly, if the frame sequence number of the received response message is not 8888, the upgrade of the target board fails and the ID number is recorded; then, if the received response message is not the response message of the last target board, continue to listen for the response message of the next target board. Next, if no response messages are received from all target boards within a time interval exceeding T1 but not exceeding T2, the new program file will be rebroadcast starting from frame 1; where T2>T1. Finally, if the sending sideboard does not receive response messages from all target boards within the T2 time interval, it will count the target boards that have not received response messages based on the recorded target board IDs and send the upgrade results to the sending sideboard.

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