A camellia fruit slicing, extrusion and shelling machine

Abstract

This invention discloses a camellia fruit slicing, extrusion, and dehulling machine, comprising a frame, a feed hopper mounted on the upper right of the frame, a grading device mounted above the frame, a slicing and extrusion device mounted in the middle of the frame, a shell-seed separation device mounted below the frame, and a transmission system mounted at the bottom of the frame that provides power to the grading device, the slicing and extrusion device, and the shell-seed separation device. This invention allows for the application of different stresses to different camellia fruits of varying sizes by adjusting the placement of the slicing blades and the size of the extrusion roller, thereby improving the dehulling efficiency and reducing the damage rate to the camellia seeds. This invention can complete the grading, slicing, extrusion, and vibration separation processes of camellia fruits in one operation, achieving efficient dehulling and shell-seed separation. This invention provides mechanized dehulling of camellia fruits, solving the problems of long pretreatment times and damage to camellia oil quality associated with traditional manual dehulling.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and in particular relates to a camellia fruit cutting, extrusion and shelling machine. Background Technology

[0002] Camellia oleifera is a high-grade oilseed crop unique to China and one of the world's four major woody oilseed crops. Before pressing oil from camellia fruits, they need to be shelled. However, traditional manual shelling not only requires long periods of drying and piling, but also degrades the quality of the oil during this process. Mechanized shelling of camellia fruits saves manpower and resources and is unaffected by weather. Common mechanical shelling methods include impact, rubbing, and pressing.

[0003] Patent CN104273639A discloses a camellia oleifera fruit shelling machine, which uses the principles of rubbing and shearing to shell the fruit. Patent CN118203121A discloses a camellia oleifera fruit shelling device, employing the principle of rubbing and using different spacing between shelling gaps to accommodate camellia oleifera fruits of different diameters. Patent CN101803790A discloses a camellia oleifera fruit shelling machine that uses spiral blades to peel the fruit.

[0004] The mechanical devices proposed in the above solutions all directly peel the camellia fruit, but they neglect the issues of peeling efficiency and seed damage. Patent CN113974174A proposes a camellia fruit cutting and extrusion peeling machine, which addresses these problems by using a blade to first cut and break the shell during peeling, reducing the extrusion stress required for peeling and thus lowering the seed damage rate. However, the devices proposed in the above solutions are not compact enough and have low working efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of the existing technology, the present invention aims to provide a camellia fruit slicing, extrusion, and shelling machine that can complete the grading, slicing, extrusion, and vibration separation processes of camellia fruit in one go. At the same time, the machine has a compact structure, ensuring shelling efficiency and effectively reducing the damage rate of camellia seeds.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention employs the following technical measures:

[0007] The present invention discloses a camellia fruit slicing, extrusion, and shelling machine, comprising a frame, a feed hopper mounted on the upper right side of the frame, a grading device mounted above the frame, a slicing and extrusion device mounted in the middle of the frame, a shell-seed separation device mounted below the frame, and a transmission system mounted at the bottom of the frame and providing power to the grading device, the slicing and extrusion device, and the shell-seed separation device; the grading device includes two grading shafts mounted on the frame with a height difference, a grading rubber belt mounted on the grading shafts, and a collection trough mounted on the frame; during the rotation of the grading device, the camellia fruit will be decomposed due to its own weight and friction with the grading rubber belt. The function is to classify camellia fruits according to their different diameters, allowing them to fall into corresponding collection troughs. The slicing and pressing device includes two parts: a slicing device and a pressing device. The slicing device includes an outer pressing roller mounted on a frame, a rotating drive shaft mounted on the frame, a slicing inner cylinder and a slicing outer cylinder mounted coaxially at the rear end of the drive shaft, slicing blades mounted between the inner and outer cylinders, and spiral blades mounted on the drive shaft and located inside the slicing inner cylinder. The slicing blades are mounted on the outer circumference of the slicing inner cylinder via a slicing spring, a slicing guide rod, and an adjusting nut. During rotation, the camellia fruits are sliced ​​and broken open by the slicing blades. The spiral blades are transported to the extrusion device; the extrusion device includes an extrusion main roller mounted at the front end of the drive shaft, an extrusion sub-roller mounted on the extrusion main roller, an extrusion outer cylinder connected to the inner cutting cylinder and located outside the extrusion main roller, an extrusion spring mounted inside the outer extrusion cylinder, and an extrusion inner plate connected to the extrusion spring; during rotation, the extrusion device further extrudes and breaks the shells of the cut and broken camellia fruit; the shell-seed separation device includes a seed-purifying crankshaft mounted on the frame, a key-type seed-purifying device mounted on the seed-purifying crankshaft, a seed-sweeping plate shaft mounted on the frame, and a seed-sweeping plate mounted on the seed-sweeping plate shaft. The device comprises a toothed roller shaft mounted on a frame, and separating toothed rollers and separating light rollers arranged sequentially and at intervals on the toothed roller shaft. The separating toothed rollers, separating light rollers, and the toothed roller shaft constitute a toothed roller separation device. During the up-and-down shaking of the key-type material collector, the cut and squeezed camellia fruits on the key surface of the key-type material collector are thrown to the sieve for further separation. During the rotation of the seed sweeping plate, the fruit shells and seeds of the camellia fruits are swept to the feed end of the toothed roller separation device. During the rotation of the toothed roller separation device, the difference in linear velocity between the separating toothed roller and the separating light roller, and the difference in physical properties between the tea seeds and the fruit shells, are used to complete the separation between the tea seeds and the fruit shells.

[0008] Preferably, the grading device has multiple grading rubber strips installed in a narrow-to-wide manner, corresponding to the collection troughs below. The gap between the grading rubber strips in the first collection trough is 20-25mm, the gap in the second collection trough is 25-30mm, the gap in the third collection trough is 30-35mm, and the gap in the fourth collection trough is 35-40mm. This allows for the grading of camellia fruits of different diameters, ensuring they fall into the corresponding collection troughs.

[0009] Furthermore, there are four sets of the cutting and pressing devices, each corresponding to one of the collection troughs and installed below them; the cutting and pressing devices are installed at an angle on the frame, and both the outer and inner cutting cylinders have through holes corresponding to the diameter of the camellia fruit, so that the camellia fruit can smoothly enter and exit the cutting and pressing devices.

[0010] Preferably, the slicing blades of each set of slicing devices apply different slicing forces to the camellia fruits of corresponding diameters through slicing springs, slicing guide rods and adjusting nuts, so as to prevent damage to the camellia seeds during slicing.

[0011] Preferably, the outer extrusion cylinder of the extrusion device is welded to the inner slicing cylinder of the slicing device, and the inner extrusion plate is connected to the inside of the pressure outer cylinder through an extrusion spring. The extrusion springs in different extrusion devices provide different elastic forces. The extrusion sub-rollers are welded to the main extrusion roller and are arranged around the center circumference of the main extrusion roller, with a quantity of 8. The radius of each set of main extrusion rollers is different for camellia fruit of different diameters.

[0012] Furthermore, the key-type seed separator in the shell-seed separation device vibrates up and down under the action of the seed separator crankshaft. After being cut and squeezed, the camellia fruit with separated shells and seeds is initially separated through the through holes on the key surface of the key-type seed separator.

[0013] Preferably, the transmission system comprises two parts, powered by a Y100L1-4 three-phase asynchronous motor and a Y100L2-4 three-phase asynchronous motor, respectively. The Y100L1-4 three-phase asynchronous motor transmits power to the toothed roller shaft, the seed-sweeping plate shaft, and the manuscript separator crankshaft via belt drive, thereby realizing the rotation of the separating toothed roller and the separating light roller, the rotation of the seed-sweeping plate, and the sieving motion of the key-type manuscript separator. The toothed roller shaft in the toothed roller separating device receives power through gear transmission. The Y100L2-4 three-phase asynchronous motor transmits power to the transmission shaft and the grading shaft via belt drive, thereby realizing the rotation of the cutting and extruding device and the transmission of the grading rubber belt. The transmission shaft within the cutting and extruding device transmits power to the extrusion outer roller via gear transmission.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the camellia fruit cutting, extrusion and shelling machine of the present invention has at least the following advantages and effects:

[0015] 1. The camellia fruit slicing, extrusion, and dehulling machine designed in this invention can grade camellia fruits with a diameter range of 20-40mm. The slicing and extrusion device first slices the middle two ends of the camellia fruit, and then separates the shell and seeds by extrusion. This can effectively release the stress of the camellia fruit during extrusion, reduce the stress required for shell breaking, and reduce the damage rate of camellia seeds. This invention can adjust the placement position of the slicing blade and the size of the extrusion roller for camellia fruits of different diameters, thereby applying different stresses to different camellia fruits, improving the efficiency of dehulling, and reducing the damage rate of camellia seeds.

[0016] 2. This invention adopts a grading-shell breaking-extrusion-separation process to complete the grading, shell breaking, extrusion, and vibration separation of camellia fruit in one go, achieving a high shelling rate, low seed damage rate, and mechanized shelling for green camellia fruit. Even without long-term pretreatment, it can effectively perform mechanical shelling.

[0017] 3. This invention can complete the grading, slicing, shelling, extrusion, and vibration separation processes of camellia fruit in one step, achieving efficient shelling and seed separation. This invention mechanizes the shelling of camellia fruit, solving the problems of long pretreatment and damage to camellia oil quality caused by traditional manual shelling, while increasing the shelling rate of camellia fruit and reducing the damage rate of camellia seeds. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 This is an isometric structural schematic diagram of the camellia fruit slicing, extrusion, and shelling machine of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a side view of the camellia fruit slicing, extrusion, and shelling machine of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 3 This is a top view of the grading device of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the slicing and extrusion device of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the slicing device of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the extrusion device of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the shell-seed separation device of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the transmission system of the present invention.

[0027] In the picture:

[0028] 1-Rack;

[0029] 2-Feed hopper;

[0030] 3-Grading device, 301-Grading shaft, 302-Grading rubber belt, 303-Collection trough, 304-Collection trough through hole;

[0031] 4-Scribble extrusion device, 401-Extrusion outer roller, 402-Drive shaft, 403-Scribble cutter, 404-Scribble outer cylinder, 405-Extrusion outer cylinder, 406-Extrusion inner plate, 407-Scribble inner cylinder, 408-Helical blade, 409-Extrusion main roller, 410-Extrusion spring, 411-Extrusion sub-roller, 412-Scribble spring, 413-Scribble guide rod, 414-Adjusting nut;

[0032] 5-Shell-seed separation device, 501-Key-type draft picker, 502-Seed sweeping plate, 503-Draft picker crankshaft, 504-Seed sweeping plate rotating shaft, 505-Separation toothed roller, 506-Separation smooth roller, 507-Smooth roller rotating shaft;

[0033] 6-Y100L1-4 three-phase asynchronous motor;

[0034] 7-Y100L2-4 three-phase asynchronous motor. Detailed Implementation

[0035] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0036] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, the camellia fruit slicing, extrusion and shelling machine of the present invention mainly consists of a frame 1, a feeding hopper 2, a grading device 3, a slicing and extrusion device 4, a shell and seed separation device 5, a Y100L1-4 three-phase asynchronous motor 6, and a Y100L2-4 three-phase asynchronous motor 7.

[0037] The feed hopper 2 is located on the upper right side of the frame 1. The lower part of the feed hopper 2 is connected to one end of the grading device 3. Below the grading device 3 are four sets of cutting and extruding devices 4. Below the cutting and extruding devices 4 is the shell and seed separation device 5. At the bottom are Y100L1-4 three-phase asynchronous motor 6 and Y100L2-4 three-phase asynchronous motor 7. The two motors constitute the transmission system that provides power to the grading device 3, the cutting and extruding devices 4 and the shell and seed separation device 5, providing power to the entire camellia fruit cutting, extruding and shelling machine.

[0038] like Figure 3 As shown, the grading device 3 of the present invention is installed above the frame 1, and mainly consists of a grading shaft 301, a grading rubber belt 302, a collection trough 303, and a collection trough through hole 304. There are two grading shafts 301, located at both ends of the grading rubber belt 302 with a height difference, driving the grading rubber belt 302 to rotate. The grading shafts 301 and the collection trough 303 are installed on the frame 1. During the rotation of the grading device 3, the camellia fruits will fall into the corresponding collection trough 303 according to their different diameters due to their own weight and the friction with the grading rubber belt 302, thereby achieving the grading of the camellia fruits.

[0039] The grading rubber belt 302 consists of seven rubber belts, narrower at the front and wider at the back. The grading rubber belt 302 of the grading device 3 is installed in this narrow-to-wider configuration, corresponding to the collection troughs 303 below. There are four collection troughs 303, each collecting camellia fruits of different diameter ranges. The gap between the grading rubber belts corresponding to the first collection trough is 20-25mm, the second is 25-30mm, the third is 30-35mm, and the fourth is 35-40mm, allowing for the grading of camellia fruits of different diameters and directing them into the corresponding collection troughs 303. Through holes 304 are located below each collection trough 303. Under the influence of the camellia fruit's own weight and the friction with the grading rubber belt 302, the camellia fruit enters the device from the feed hopper 2 and moves forward with the grading rubber belt 302. During this process, smaller camellia fruits fall into the section with the smaller gap at the front of the grading rubber belt 302, while larger fruits fall into the section with the larger gap at the rear. Camellia fruits of different diameters fall into the corresponding collection troughs 303, sequentially dividing them into 20-25mm, 25-30mm, 30-35mm, and 35-40mm sizes. Finally, the camellia fruits in the collection troughs 303 enter the cutting and extruding device 4 through the collection trough through-holes 304. The feed hopper 2 is located above the front of the grading rubber belt 302.

[0040] like Figures 4 to 6As shown, the slicing and extrusion device 4 of the present invention is installed in the middle of the frame 1, and mainly consists of an extrusion outer roller 401, a drive shaft 402, a slicing cutter 403, a slicing outer cylinder 404, an extrusion outer cylinder 405, an extrusion inner plate 406, a slicing inner cylinder 407, a spiral blade 408, an extrusion main roller 409, an extrusion spring 410, an extrusion sub-roller 411, a slicing spring 412, a slicing guide rod 413, and an adjusting nut 414. There are 4 sets of slicing and extrusion devices, each corresponding to a collection trough 303, and installed below it. The slicing and extrusion device is divided into two parts: a slicing device and an extrusion device.

[0041] like Figure 4 , Figure 5 As shown, the slicing device of the present invention mainly consists of an outer extrusion roller 401, a drive shaft 402, a slicing cutter 403, a slicing outer cylinder 404, a slicing inner cylinder 407, a spiral blade 408, a slicing spring 412, a slicing guide rod 413, and an adjusting nut 414. The outer extrusion roller 401 is located obliquely above the outer extrusion cylinder 404. Specifically, the slicing device includes an outer extrusion roller 401 mounted on a frame 1, a drive shaft 402 rotatably mounted on the frame 1, a slicing inner cylinder 407 and a slicing outer cylinder 404 mounted coaxially at the rear end of the drive shaft 402, a slicing cutter 403 mounted between the slicing inner cylinder 407 and the slicing outer cylinder 404, and a spiral blade 408 mounted on the drive shaft 402 and located inside the slicing inner cylinder 407. The slicing cutter 403 is mounted on the outer periphery of the slicing inner cylinder 407 via the slicing spring 412, the slicing guide rod 413, and the adjusting nut 414. During the rotation of the slicing device, the camellia fruit is cut open by the slicing blade 403 and transported to the extrusion device by the spiral blade 408. The slicing and extrusion device 4 is installed at an angle on the frame 1. Both the outer slicing cylinder 404 and the inner slicing cylinder 407 have through holes corresponding to the diameter of the camellia fruit, allowing the camellia fruit to smoothly enter and exit the slicing and extrusion device 4.

[0042] Inside the outer extrusion cylinder 404 are, in sequence, a slicing blade 403, a slicing inner cylinder 407, a spiral blade 408, and a drive shaft 402. The slicing blade 403 is connected to the outside of the slicing inner cylinder 407 via a slicing guide rod 413 and is equipped with a slicing spring 412 and an adjusting nut 414, allowing it to slice camellia fruits of different diameters. The outer slicing cylinder 404 and the inner slicing cylinder 407 are connected to the drive shaft 402 via a hub, and the spiral blade 408 is directly welded to the drive shaft 402. The camellia fruits enter the slicing device through the through-hole in the outer slicing cylinder 404. Under the action of the slicing blade 403 and the inner slicing cylinder 407, the shells are sliced ​​and broken. After being sliced ​​and broken, the camellia fruits enter the interior of the inner slicing cylinder 407 through the through-hole and are transported to the extrusion device by the action of the spiral blade 408. Each set of slicing devices uses slicing blades 403 to apply different slicing forces to camellia fruits of corresponding diameters via slicing springs 412, slicing guide rods 413, and adjusting nuts 414, in order to prevent damage to the camellia seeds during slicing.

[0043] like Figure 4 , Figure 6As shown, the extrusion device of the present invention mainly consists of a drive shaft 402, an outer extrusion cylinder 405, an inner extrusion plate 406, a main extrusion roller 409, an extrusion spring 410, and an inner extrusion roller 411. Specifically, the extrusion device includes an outer extrusion cylinder 405 connected to the inner extrusion cylinder 407 and located outside the main extrusion roller 409, an inner extrusion spring 410 installed inside the outer extrusion cylinder 405, and an inner extrusion plate 406 connected to the inner extrusion spring 410. During rotation, the extrusion device further extrudes and breaks the shells of the cut-and-broken camellia fruit. Inside the outer extrusion cylinder 405 are, in sequence, the extrusion spring 410, the inner extrusion plate 406, the inner extrusion roller 411, and the main extrusion roller 409. The inner extrusion plate 406 is connected to the inner extrusion cylinder 407. One end of the compression spring 410 is connected to the outer compression cylinder 405, and the other end is connected to the inner compression plate 406. The inner part of the compression main roller 409 is connected to the drive shaft 402. The diameter of the compression main roller 409 gradually increases away from the slicing device, and eight compression sub-rollers 411 are evenly arranged on its outer side. The outer compression cylinder 405 in the compression device is welded to the slicing inner cylinder 407 of the slicing device. The inner compression plate 406 is connected to the inside of the pressure outer cylinder 405 through the compression spring 410. The compression spring 410 in different compression devices provides different elastic forces. The compression sub-rollers 411 are welded to the compression main roller 409 and are arranged around the center circumference of the compression main roller 409, with a total of eight. The radius of each set of compression main rollers 409 is different for different sizes of camellia fruit. After the camellia fruit enters the compression device, it is further squeezed and its shell is broken under the combined action of the compression outer cylinder 405, the compression inner plate 406, and the compression main roller 409. After the shell is crushed, the camellia fruit rolls to the right and falls into the shell-seed separation device 5 due to its own weight, because the cutting and crushing device 4 is tilted.

[0044] like Figure 7As shown, the shell-seed separation device 5 of the present invention is installed below the frame 1, and mainly consists of a key-type drafting device 501, a seed-sweeping plate 502, a drafting device crankshaft 503, a seed-sweeping plate rotating shaft 504, a separating toothed roller 505, a separating smooth roller 506, and a toothed smooth roller rotating shaft 507. Specifically, the shell-seed separation device 5 includes a drafting device crankshaft 503 mounted on the frame 1, a key-type drafting device 501 mounted on the drafting device crankshaft 503, a seed-sweeping plate rotating shaft 504 mounted on the frame 1, a seed-sweeping plate 502 mounted on the seed-sweeping plate rotating shaft 504, a toothed smooth roller rotating shaft 507 mounted on the frame 1, and a separating toothed roller 505 and a separating smooth roller 506 mounted on the toothed smooth roller rotating shaft 507 and arranged sequentially at intervals. The separating toothed roller 505, the separating smooth roller 506, and the toothed smooth roller rotating shaft 507 constitute the toothed smooth roller separation device. During the up-and-down shaking process of the key-type seed collector 501, the cut and squeezed camellia fruits on the key surface of the key-type seed collector 501 are thrown to the sieve for further separation. In the shell-seed separation device 5, the key-type seed collector 51 shakes up and down under the action of the seed collector crankshaft 53. The cut and squeezed camellia fruits, after shell-seed separation, are initially separated through the through holes on the key surface of the key-type seed collector 51. During the rotation of the seed-sweeping plate 502, the camellia fruit shells and seeds are swept to the feed end of the toothed roller separation device. During the rotation of the toothed roller separation device, the difference in linear velocity between the separating toothed roller 505 and the separating smooth roller 506, and the difference in physical properties between the camellia seeds and the fruit shells, are used to complete the separation between the camellia seeds and the fruit shells. The key-type seed collector 501 is located at the top of the shell-seed separation device 5, below which are the seed-sweeping plate 502 and the toothed roller separation device. Driven by the crankshaft 503 of the material feeder, the key-type material feeder 501 vibrates up and down, throwing the cut and squeezed camellia fruits on the key surface of the crankshaft 503 to the sieve, thus initially separating the shells from the seeds. The seed-sweeping plate 502 is located below the key-type material feeder 501. The camellia fruits falling from the key-type material feeder 501 fall onto the seed-sweeping plate 502 and are then swept to the feed end of the toothed roller separator.

[0045] like Figures 1 to 8As shown, the transmission system of this invention is installed at the bottom of the frame 1. It is powered by two motors, a Y100L1-4 three-phase asynchronous motor 6 and a Y100L2-4 three-phase asynchronous motor 7, mainly through belt drive and gear drive. The Y100L1-4 three-phase asynchronous motor 6 transmits power to the toothed roller shaft 507, the seed sweeping plate shaft 504, and the manuscript separator crankshaft 503 via belt drive, realizing the rotation of the separating toothed roller 505 and the separating light roller 506, the rotation of the seed sweeping plate 502, and the sieving motion of the key-type manuscript separator 501. The toothed roller shaft 507 in the toothed roller separation device obtains power through gear drive. The Y100L1-4 three-phase asynchronous motor 6 provides power to the shell and seed separation device 5, and transmits the power to the toothed roller shaft 507, the seed sweeping plate shaft 504, and the manuscript separator crankshaft 503 in sequence via belt drive. Because of the design requirements for the linear speed of the separating toothed roller 505 and the separating smooth roller 506, gear transmission is used inside the toothed roller separating device to realize the rotation of the separating toothed roller 505 and the separating smooth roller 506, the rotation of the seed sweeping plate 502, and the sieving motion of the key-type material sifter 501.

[0046] The Y100L2-4 three-phase asynchronous motor 7 provides power to the grading device 3 and the slicing and extrusion device 4, and transmits the power to the drive shaft 402 and the grading rotating shaft 301 in sequence via belt drive. The drive shafts 402 of the four slicing and extrusion devices 4 are connected by belt drive, while the drive shaft 402 inside the slicing and extrusion device 4 is connected to the extrusion outer roller 401 by gear drive, thereby realizing the transmission of the grading rubber belt 302 and the rotation of the slicing and extrusion device.

[0047] The Y100L2-4 three-phase asynchronous motor 7 transmits power to the drive shaft 402 and the grading shaft 301 via belt drive, realizing the rotation of the dicing and extrusion device 4 and the conveying of the grading rubber belt 302. Within the dicing and extrusion device 4, the drive shaft 402 transmits power to the extrusion outer roller 401 via gear drive. In each section, belt drive is used for power transmission where the transmission ratio requirement is not high, while gear drive is used for power transmission where the transmission ratio requirement is strict. For example, the toothed roller shaft 507 in the toothed roller separator receives power via gear drive, and the drive shaft 402 within the dicing and extrusion device 4 transmits power to the extrusion outer roller 401 via gear drive.

[0048] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any transformations or substitutions that can be understood by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A camellia oleifera fruit cutting and extruding sheller, characterized in that: Includes a frame (1), a feed hopper (2) installed on the upper right side of the frame (1), a grading device (3) installed on the upper part of the frame (1), a cutting and extruding device (4) installed in the middle of the frame (1), a shell and seed separation device (5) installed below the frame (1), and a transmission system installed at the bottom of the frame (1) and providing power to the grading device (3), the cutting and extruding device (4) and the shell and seed separation device (5); The grading device (3) includes two grading shafts (301) with a height difference installed on the frame (1), a grading rubber belt (302) installed on the grading shafts (301), and a collection trough (303) installed on the frame (1). During the rotation of the grading device (3), the camellia fruit will fall into the corresponding collection trough (303) according to different fruit diameters due to its own weight and the friction with the grading rubber belt (302), thereby realizing the grading of camellia fruit. The slicing and extrusion device (4) comprises two parts: a slicing device and an extrusion device. The slicing device includes an outer extrusion roller (401) mounted on a frame (1), a rotating drive shaft (402) mounted on the frame (1), a slicing inner cylinder (407) and a slicing outer cylinder (404) mounted on the rear end of the drive shaft (402) and coaxially arranged, a slicing cutter (403) mounted between the slicing inner cylinder (407) and the slicing outer cylinder (404), and a spiral blade (408) mounted on the drive shaft (402) and located inside the slicing inner cylinder (407). The slicing cutter (403) is mounted on the slicing inner cylinder (407) via a slicing spring (412), a slicing guide rod (413), and an adjusting nut (414). The outer periphery of 07); during the rotation of the cutting device, the camellia fruit is cut open by the cutting blade (403) and transported to the extrusion device by the spiral blade (408); the extrusion device includes an extrusion main roller (409) installed at the front end of the drive shaft (402), an extrusion sub-roller (411) installed on the extrusion main roller (409), an extrusion outer cylinder (405) connected to the cutting inner cylinder (407) and located outside the extrusion main roller (409), an extrusion spring (410) installed inside the extrusion outer cylinder (405), and an extrusion inner plate (406) connected to the extrusion spring (410); during the rotation of the extrusion device, the cut and broken camellia fruit is further extruded and broken open; The shell-seed separation device (5) includes a seed-flush crankshaft (503) mounted on the frame (1), a key-type seed-flush actuator (501) mounted on the seed-flush crankshaft (503), a seed-sweeping plate shaft (504) mounted on the frame (1), a seed-sweeping plate (502) mounted on the seed-sweeping plate shaft (504), a toothed roller shaft (507) mounted on the frame (1), and a separating toothed roller (505) and a separating light roller (506) mounted on the toothed roller shaft (507) and arranged at intervals in sequence; the separating toothed roller (505) and the separating light roller (506) The toothed roller and the toothed roller shaft (507) constitute a toothed roller separation device; during the up-and-down shaking of the key-type material collector (501), the cut and squeezed camellia fruit on the key surface of the key-type material collector (501) is thrown to the screen for further separation; during the rotation of the seed sweeping plate (502), the fruit shell and camellia seeds of the camellia fruit are swept to the feed end of the toothed roller separation device; during the rotation of the toothed roller separation device, the difference in linear velocity between the separating toothed roller (505) and the separating light roller (506) and the difference in physical properties between the tea seeds and the fruit shell are used to complete the separation between the tea seeds and the fruit shell.

2. The camellia fruit cutting, extrusion, and shelling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The grading device (3) has multiple grading rubber strips (302), which are installed in a way that is narrower at the front and wider at the back. They correspond to the collection troughs (303) below. The gap between the grading rubber strips on the first collection trough is 20-25 mm, the gap between the grading rubber strips on the second collection trough is 25-30 mm, the gap between the grading rubber strips on the third collection trough is 30-35 mm, and the gap between the grading rubber strips on the fourth collection trough is 35-40 mm. This allows the camellia fruits of different diameters to be graded and fall into the corresponding collection troughs (303).

3. The camellia fruit cutting, extrusion, and shelling machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: There are 4 sets of the cutting and extruding devices, which correspond one-to-one with the collection grooves (303) and are installed below them; The cutting and pressing device (4) is installed at an angle on the frame (1). The outer cutting cylinder (404) and the inner cutting cylinder (407) have through holes corresponding to the diameter of the camellia fruit, so that the camellia fruit can smoothly enter and exit the cutting and pressing device (4).

4. The camellia fruit cutting, extrusion, and shelling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each set of slicing devices uses slicing blades (403) to apply different slicing forces to camellia fruits of corresponding diameters through slicing springs (412), slicing guide rods (413), and adjusting nuts (414) to prevent damage to the camellia seeds during slicing.

5. The camellia fruit cutting, extrusion, and shelling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer extrusion cylinder (405) in the extrusion device is welded to the inner slicing cylinder (407) of the slicing device. The inner extrusion plate (406) is connected to the inside of the outer extrusion cylinder (405) through an extrusion spring (410). The extrusion springs (410) in different extrusion devices provide different elastic forces. The extrusion sub-rollers (411) are welded to the main extrusion roller (409) and arranged around the center circumference of the main extrusion roller (409). There are 8 of them. The radius of each set of main extrusion rollers (409) is different for different sizes of camellia fruit.

6. The camellia fruit cutting, extrusion, and shelling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The key-type seed separator (501) in the seed separator (5) vibrates up and down under the action of the seed separator crankshaft (503). The oil tea fruit that has been cut and squeezed and separated from the seed is initially separated through the through hole on the key surface of the key-type seed separator (501).

7. The camellia fruit cutting, extrusion, and shelling machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transmission system comprises two parts, powered by a Y100L1-4 three-phase asynchronous motor (6) and a Y100L2-4 three-phase asynchronous motor (7), respectively. The Y100L1-4 three-phase asynchronous motor (6) transmits power to the toothed roller shaft (507), the seed sweeping plate shaft (504), and the manuscript sifter crankshaft (503) via belt drive, thereby realizing the rotation of the separating toothed roller (505) and the separating light roller (506), the rotation of the seed sweeping plate (502), and the sieving motion of the key-type manuscript sifter (501). The toothed roller shaft (507) in the toothed roller separation device obtains power through gear transmission. The Y100L2-4 three-phase asynchronous motor (7) transmits power to the drive shaft (402) and the grading shaft (301) through belt drive, thereby realizing the rotation of the cutting and extruding device (4) and the transmission of the grading rubber belt (302). The drive shaft (402) in the cutting and extruding device (4) transmits power to the extrusion outer roller (401) through gear drive.

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