Aero-engine fulcrum sealing system with air pipeline dewatering device

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of fulcrum sealing systems, and particularly relates to an aero-engine fulcrum sealing system with an air pipeline water removal device, which comprises an air-air heat exchanger, an air-fuel heat exchanger, the air pipeline water removal device, a capillary throttling device and a pipeline dryer, the input end of the air-air heat exchanger is connected with the high-pressure compressor, and the output end of the air-air heat exchanger is connected with the air-fuel heat exchanger; the output end of the air-fuel heat exchanger is connected with an air pipeline dewatering device; the bottom of the air pipeline dewatering device is connected with the capillary throttling device, and the top is connected with the pipeline dryer; the output end of the pipeline dryer is connected with the ambient atmosphere in an engine compartment, and the output end of the capillary throttling device is connected with the air-fuel oil heat exchanger. The liquid water in the air pipeline can be discharged without adopting monitoring and control means such as a humidity sensor and a valve.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application belongs to the field of pivot sealing systems, and in particular relates to an aircraft engine pivot sealing system with an air pipeline water removal device. Background Art

[0002] In the pivot sealing system of aircraft engines, a high-pressure hot air is often introduced between the stages of the high-pressure compressor, and the first step of cooling is carried out through the air-to-air heat exchanger and the low-temperature air of the engine's outer duct, and then further cooled through the air-to-fuel heat exchanger and the low-temperature fuel. After cooling, the high-temperature and high-pressure air becomes low-temperature and high-pressure air, and then flows to the engine's bearing cavity for bearing cavity sealing. However, when the humidity of the engine intake air is high, the air cooled by the heat exchanger drops significantly, and the relative humidity does not increase. After the relative humidity increases to 100%, water begins to precipitate from the air. Due to the high air flow rate in the pipeline, reaching tens of meters per second, liquid water droplets will be entrained into the engine's bearing cavity, deteriorating the working environment of the bearing and shortening the service life of the engine bearing.

[0003] The existing technical solution is to reasonably design the air-to-air heat exchanger and the air-to-fuel heat exchanger according to the temperature of the outer air and the temperature of the low-temperature fuel, so that the temperature of the cooled air can meet the temperature requirements of the seal and is not too low. However, this solution cannot fundamentally remove the liquid water contained in the cooled air pipeline, but can only reduce the flow of liquid water as much as possible, and there is still a risk of shortening the bearing life.

[0004] Therefore, how to remove liquid water in the air pipeline in the pivot sealing system is a problem that needs to be solved. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present application is to provide an aircraft engine pivot sealing system with an air line water removal device to solve the problem that the solutions in the prior art cannot fundamentally remove the liquid water contained in the cooled air line, resulting in a shortened bearing life.

[0006] The technical solution of the present application is: an aircraft engine fulcrum sealing system with an air pipeline dehydration device, comprising an air-to-air heat exchanger, an air-to-fuel heat exchanger, an air pipeline dehydration device, a capillary throttling device and a pipeline dryer; the input end of the air-to-air heat exchanger is connected to the high-pressure compressor, and the output end is connected to the air-to-fuel heat exchanger; the output end of the air-to-fuel heat exchanger is connected to the air pipeline dehydration device; the bottom of the air pipeline dehydration device is connected to the capillary throttling device, and the top is connected to the pipeline dryer; the output end of the pipeline dryer is connected to the ambient atmosphere in the engine compartment, and the output end of the capillary throttling device is connected to the air-to-fuel heat exchanger; the air-to-air heat exchanger and the air-to-fuel heat exchanger can convert cold air into liquid water; the air pipeline dehydration device can control the liquid water to enter its interior along the tangential direction; the pipeline dryer can enter the water-containing air inside it for drying.

[0007] Preferably, the air pipeline dewatering device includes a cylinder, which includes a cylindrical section and a conical section. The conical section is integrally connected to the bottom of the cylindrical section. A water inlet pipe connected to the air-fuel heat exchanger is arranged on the side wall of the cylindrical section. An overflow pipe connected to the pipeline dryer is arranged on the top of the cylindrical section. An overflow port is arranged at the top of the overflow pipe, and the overflow pipe is inserted into the cylindrical section; a bottom flow port connected to the capillary throttling device is arranged at the bottom of the conical section.

[0008] Preferably, the diameter of the cylindrical section is between 2 times the tangential inlet diameter and 20 times the tangential inlet diameter; the height of the cylindrical section is between 2 times the tangential inlet diameter and 20 times the tangential inlet diameter.

[0009] Preferably, the bottom angle of the cone section is between 5° and 50°, and the length of the overflow pipe inserted into the cylindrical section is between 0.2 times the diameter of the cylinder and 2 times the diameter of the cylinder.

[0010] Preferably, the diameter of the overflow port is between 0.5 and 2 times the diameter of the water inlet pipe, and the diameter of the underflow port is between 0.1 mm and 3 mm; at the same time, the diameter of the underflow port is constrained and calculated so that the maximum air mass flow rate of the underflow port does not exceed 3% of the total flow rate.

[0011] Preferably, the diameter of the capillary in the capillary throttling device is between 0.5 mm and 3 mm, and the length of the capillary is between 1 cm and 10 cm.

[0012] Preferably, the pipeline dryer adopts a physical adsorption type desiccant.

[0013] The aircraft engine pivot sealing system with an air pipeline water removal device of the present application has the following advantages:

[0014] 1. Liquid water in the air pipeline can be removed without the use of humidity sensors, valves and other monitoring and control measures.

[0015] 2. Use air pipeline dewatering device to remove large particles of liquid water in the air pipeline. Through the reasonable design of the bottom flow port size, the bottom angle of the conical part of the cylinder, and the capillary, the air flow rate leaking from the bottom flow port is guaranteed to be small. The removed liquid water is used to cool the fuel-air heat exchanger shell, and the liquid water that is unfavorable to the system is converted into coolant for the fuel-air heat exchanger shell.

[0016] 3. Use a physical adsorption pipeline dryer to remove small particles of liquid water in the air pipeline. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution provided by the present application, the following is a brief introduction to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this application;

[0019] Figure 2 This is the structural principle diagram of the air pipeline water removal device for this application.

[0020] 1. Overflow port; 2. Cylinder; 3. Overflow pipe; 4. Cylindrical section; 5. Water inlet pipe; 6. Conical section; 7. Bottom flow port. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] An aircraft engine pivot sealing system with an air pipeline water removal device, such as Figure 1, including an air-to-air heat exchanger, an air-to-fuel heat exchanger, an air pipeline dehydration device, a capillary throttling device and a pipeline dryer. The input end of the air-to-air heat exchanger is connected to the high-pressure compressor, and the output end is connected to the air-to-fuel heat exchanger; the output end of the air-to-fuel heat exchanger is connected to the air pipeline dehydration device; the bottom of the air pipeline dehydration device is connected to the capillary throttling device, and the top is connected to the pipeline dryer; the output end of the pipeline dryer is connected to the ambient atmosphere in the engine compartment, and the output end of the capillary throttling device is connected to the air-to-fuel heat exchanger. The air-to-air heat exchanger and the air-to-fuel heat exchanger can convert cold air into liquid water; the air pipeline dehydration device can control the liquid water to enter its interior along the tangential direction; the pipeline dryer can enter the water-containing air inside it for drying.

[0023] Preferably, the pipeline dryer uses a physical adsorption type desiccant.

[0024] The specific processing flow is as follows: the hot air coming out of the high-pressure compressor first passes through the air-air heat exchanger and the low-temperature air of the engine's outer duct for the first step of cooling, and then passes through the air-fuel heat exchanger and the low-temperature fuel for further cooling. The high-temperature and high-pressure air is cooled to become low-temperature and high-pressure air. When the engine's intake humidity is high, the cold air cooled by the two-stage heat exchanger contains liquid water. By controlling the liquid water to enter the air pipeline dehydration device along the tangential direction, the liquid water can flow in the air pipeline dehydration device in a spiral manner, remove the large particles of liquid water in the air, and filter out the small particles of liquid water through the physical adsorption pipeline dryer to achieve the purpose of removing the liquid water in the air.

[0025] The function of the capillary tube in the capillary throttling device is to reduce the amount of air leaking through the bottom flow port 7. The direction of the capillary outlet is directly facing the air-fuel heat exchanger shell, and the water-containing cold air cools the air-fuel heat exchanger shell. The liquid water vaporizes on the shell surface of the air-fuel heat exchanger shell, which has a cooling effect on the heat exchanger shell.

[0026] Since the mass flow rate of small water droplets is smaller than that of large water droplets, and since the air state in the pivot sealing system constantly switches with the engine state, when the relative humidity in the air pipeline is low, the dry air reversely dehumidifies the pipeline dryer by physical adsorption. Therefore, choosing a suitable pipeline dryer can ensure long-term use.

[0027] like Figure 2Preferably, the air pipeline dewatering device comprises a cylinder 2, the cylinder 2 comprises a cylindrical section 4 and a conical section 6, the conical section 6 is integrally connected to the bottom of the cylindrical section 4, a water inlet pipe 5 connected to the air-fuel heat exchanger is arranged on the side wall of the cylindrical section 4, an overflow pipe 3 connected to the pipeline dryer is arranged at the top of the cylindrical section 4, an overflow port 1 is arranged at the top of the overflow pipe 3, and the overflow pipe 3 is inserted into the cylindrical section 4; an underflow port 7 connected to the capillary throttling device is arranged at the bottom of the conical section 6. Liquid water enters the cylindrical section 4 from the water inlet pipe 5, and the dehydrated air enters the pipeline dryer upward from the overflow port 1.

[0028] The air containing water droplets enters the air pipeline dehydration device through the tangential inlet at a certain speed. The air rotates inside the air pipeline dehydration device. The air containing water droplets moves toward the cone section of the dehydration device while rotating, and the movement route is spiral. After the air containing water droplets enters the cone section 6, the movement radius is continuously reduced due to the contraction structure of the device. The rotation speed of the air containing water droplets is continuously accelerated, and a pressure gradient is generated in the radial direction. The pressure is the highest near the wall of the dehydration device. Since the radius of the bottom flow port 7 of the air pipeline dehydration device is small, the air cannot be completely discharged from the bottom flow port 7. The top of the air pipeline dehydration device is provided with an overflow port 1. Most of the dry air without water flows to the overflow port 1 with a smaller pressure. The streamline is spiral, forming an internal vortex. Large particle water droplets are acted upon by centrifugal force. When the centrifugal force is greater than the air resistance of the droplets, the droplets move toward the side wall of the dehydration device, separate from the air, and are discharged into the atmosphere through the bottom flow port 7.

[0029] Preferably, the diameter of the cylindrical section 4 is between 2 times and 20 times the tangential inlet diameter; the height of the cylindrical section 4 is between 2 times and 20 times the tangential inlet diameter.

[0030] Preferably, the bottom angle of the cone section 6 is between 5° and 50°, and the length of the overflow pipe 3 inserted into the cylindrical section 4 is between 0.2 times the diameter of the cylinder 2 and 2 times the diameter of the cylinder 2 .

[0031] Preferably, the diameter of the overflow port 1 is between 0.5 and 2 times the diameter of the water inlet pipe 5, and the diameter of the underflow port 7 is between 0.1 mm and 3 mm. Only the air flowing out through the overflow port 1 can bear the function of sealing the bearing cavity, and the air flowing out through the underflow port 7 is directly discharged into the atmosphere, resulting in waste of high-pressure air. Therefore, it is necessary to constrain the diameter of the underflow port 7 so that the maximum air mass flow of the underflow port 7 does not exceed 3% of the total flow.

[0032] Preferably, the diameter of the capillary in the capillary throttling device is between 0.5 mm and 3 mm, and the length of the capillary is between 1 cm and 10 cm.

[0033] In summary, this application has the following advantages:

[0034] 1. Liquid water in the air pipeline can be removed without the use of humidity sensors, valves and other monitoring and control measures.

[0035] 2. Use air pipeline dewatering device to remove large particles of liquid water in the air pipeline. Through the reasonable design of the bottom flow port size, the bottom angle of the conical part of the cylinder, and the capillary, the air flow rate leaking from the bottom flow port is guaranteed to be small. The removed liquid water is used to cool the fuel-air heat exchanger shell, and the liquid water that is unfavorable to the system is converted into coolant for the fuel-air heat exchanger shell.

[0036] 3. Use a physical adsorption pipeline dryer to remove small particles of liquid water in the air pipeline.

[0037] Finally, it should be noted that: the drawings of the embodiments disclosed in the present invention only involve structures related to the embodiments disclosed in the present invention, and other structures can refer to the general design. In the absence of conflict, the same embodiment and different embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other;

[0038] Finally: The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An aircraft engine pivot sealing system with an air pipeline water removal device, characterized in that: It comprises an air-to-air heat exchanger, an air-to-fuel heat exchanger, an air pipeline dehydration device, a capillary throttling device and a pipeline dryer; the input end of the air-to-air heat exchanger is connected to the high-pressure compressor, and the output end is connected to the air-to-fuel heat exchanger; the output end of the air-to-fuel heat exchanger is connected to the air pipeline dehydration device; the bottom of the air pipeline dehydration device is connected to the capillary throttling device, and the top is connected to the pipeline dryer; the output end of the pipeline dryer is connected to the ambient atmosphere in the engine compartment, and the output end of the capillary throttling device is connected to the air-to-fuel heat exchanger; the air-to-air heat exchanger and the air-to-fuel heat exchanger can convert cold air into liquid water; the air pipeline dehydration device can control liquid water to enter the interior thereof along the tangential direction; The pipeline dryer can dry the water-containing air entering the pipeline dryer.

2. The aircraft engine pivot sealing system with an air pipeline water removal device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air pipeline dewatering device comprises a cylinder (2), the cylinder (2) comprises a cylindrical section (4) and a conical section (6), the conical section (6) is integrally connected to the bottom of the cylindrical section (4), a water inlet pipe (5) connected to an air-fuel heat exchanger is arranged on the side wall of the cylindrical section (4), an overflow pipe (3) connected to a pipeline dryer is arranged at the top of the cylindrical section (4), an overflow port (1) is arranged at the top of the overflow pipe (3), and the overflow pipe (3) is inserted into the cylindrical section (4); and a bottom flow port (7) connected to a capillary throttling device is arranged at the bottom of the conical section (6).

3. The aircraft engine pivot sealing system with an air pipeline water removal device as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The diameter of the cylindrical section (4) is between 2 times the tangential inlet diameter and 20 times the tangential inlet diameter; the height of the cylindrical section (4) is between 2 times the tangential inlet diameter and 20 times the tangential inlet diameter.

4. The aircraft engine pivot sealing system with an air pipeline water removal device as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The bottom angle of the cone section (6) is between 5° and 50°, and the length of the overflow pipe (3) inserted into the cylindrical section (4) is between 0.2 times and 2 times the diameter of the cylinder (2).

5. The aircraft engine pivot sealing system with an air pipeline water removal device as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The diameter of the overflow port (1) is between 0.5 and 2 times the diameter of the water inlet pipe (5), and the diameter of the underflow port (7) is between 0.1 mm and 3 mm; at the same time, the diameter of the underflow port (7) is constrained and calculated so that the maximum air mass flow of the underflow port (7) does not exceed 3% of the total flow.

6. The aircraft engine pivot sealing system with an air pipeline water removal device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diameter of the capillary in the capillary throttling device is between 0.5 mm and 3 mm, and the length of the capillary is between 1 cm and 10 cm.

7. The aircraft engine pivot sealing system with an air pipeline water removal device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pipeline dryer adopts a physical adsorption type desiccant.

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