Stereoscopic display device and control method thereof

Abstract

A stereoscopic display device (100) and a control method thereof are provided. The display device (100) comprises a display substrate (10), the display substrate (10) comprises a substrate (11) and a plurality of pixel units (12) arranged on the substrate (11), the plurality of pixel units (12) are arranged in an array in a first direction X and a second direction Y, and the first direction X and the second direction Y intersect; the cylindrical lens array (20) is located on the light emitting side of the display substrate (10); the controller is configured to determine a picture arrangement period according to the relative position relationship among the human eyes, the cylindrical lens array (20) and the display substrate (10) and according to the refraction condition of the cylindrical lens array (20) on the light emitted by the plurality of pixel units (12); and controlling the plurality of pixel units (12) to periodically display the left-eye image and the right-eye image respectively according to the determined image arrangement period.

Description

Stereoscopic display device and control method thereof Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the field of display technology, and in particular to a stereoscopic display device and a control method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Glasses-free 3D stereoscopic display technology has crucial applications in the display field, enabling more realistic displays. Consequently, it is a key research area for research institutions and display technology companies, with broad applications in medical imaging, education, virtual reality, and other areas. However, due to factors such as manufacturing processes and costs, glasses-free 3D displays often suffer from image quality issues such as crosstalk and ghosting, significantly limiting the widespread adoption of glasses-free 3D products.

[0003] Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to solve at least one aspect of the above problems, the embodiments of the present disclosure provide a stereoscopic display device and a control method thereof, which can at least reduce or eliminate the crosstalk problem of the naked-eye stereoscopic display device, thereby improving the display effect.

[0005] In one aspect, a stereoscopic display device is provided, wherein the stereoscopic display device includes:

[0006] A display substrate, the display substrate comprising a base substrate and a plurality of pixel units disposed on the base substrate, the plurality of pixel units being arranged in an array in a first direction and a second direction, wherein the first direction and the second direction intersect;

[0007] a cylindrical lens array, the cylindrical lens array being located on the light-emitting side of the display substrate; and

[0008] A controller is configured to: determine an arrangement period based on the relative positional relationship between the human eye, the cylindrical lens array, and the display substrate, and based on the refraction of light emitted by the plurality of pixel units by the cylindrical lens array; and control the plurality of pixel units to periodically display the left-eye image and the right-eye image according to the determined arrangement period.

[0009] In some exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, the cylindrical lens array includes a plurality of cylindrical lenses arranged along a first direction;

[0010] The same design point on the same cylindrical lens corresponds to a first light exit point and a second light exit point on the light exit surface of the display substrate, respectively, wherein light emitted from the first light exit point is incident on the design point and can enter the human eye after being refracted by the cylindrical lens, and the second light exit point, the design point, and the human eye are located on the same straight line; and

[0011] The controller is configured to: determine the pattern arrangement period so that the distance between the first light exit point and the second light exit point in the first direction is less than or equal to a specified value, so as to avoid crosstalk between images displayed by two adjacent pattern arrangement units, wherein the pattern arrangement unit includes at least one pixel unit displaying a left-eye image or a right-eye image, and a plurality of the pattern arrangement units are periodically arranged in the first direction with the pattern arrangement period as a period.

[0012] In some exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, the controller is configured to determine a plurality of pattern arrangement periods, the cylindrical lens array includes a plurality of cylindrical lenses arranged along a first direction, and the plurality of pattern arrangement periods correspond one-to-one to the plurality of cylindrical lenses; and

[0013] The pattern arrangement periods corresponding to at least two cylindrical lenses are different.

[0014] In some exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, the plurality of cylindrical lenses include a central cylindrical lens, a left cylindrical lens, and a right cylindrical lens, wherein the central cylindrical lens is a cylindrical lens for a human eye, and the left cylindrical lens and the right cylindrical lens are two cylindrical lenses closest to an edge of the display substrate in a first direction; and

[0015] The arrangement periods corresponding to the cylindrical lenses in the first group of cylindrical lenses are different from each other, and / or the arrangement periods corresponding to the cylindrical lenses in the second group of cylindrical lenses are different from each other, wherein the first group of cylindrical lenses includes the cylindrical lenses arranged continuously in the first direction from the central cylindrical lens to the left cylindrical lens, and the second group of cylindrical lenses includes the cylindrical lenses arranged continuously in the first direction from the central cylindrical lens to the right cylindrical lens.

[0016] In some exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, the pattern arrangement period corresponding to each cylindrical lens in the first group of cylindrical lenses changes linearly and continuously, and / or the pattern arrangement period corresponding to each cylindrical lens in the second group of cylindrical lenses changes linearly and continuously.

[0017] In some exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, the pattern arrangement period corresponding to each cylindrical lens in the first group of cylindrical lenses decreases linearly, and / or the pattern arrangement period corresponding to each cylindrical lens in the second group of cylindrical lenses decreases linearly.

[0018] In some exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, the pattern arrangement period corresponding to each cylindrical lens in the first group of cylindrical lenses changes nonlinearly and continuously, and / or the pattern arrangement period corresponding to each cylindrical lens in the second group of cylindrical lenses changes nonlinearly and continuously.

[0019] In some exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, the arrangement period corresponding to each cylindrical lens in the first group of cylindrical lenses decreases nonlinearly, and / or the arrangement period corresponding to each cylindrical lens in the second group of cylindrical lenses decreases nonlinearly.

[0020] In some exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, the controller is configured to determine a plurality of pattern arrangement periods, the cylindrical lens array includes a plurality of cylindrical lenses arranged along a first direction, and the plurality of pattern arrangement periods correspond one-to-one to the plurality of cylindrical lenses; and

[0021] The pattern arrangement periods corresponding to at least two cylindrical lenses are the same.

[0022] In some exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, the pattern arrangement periods corresponding to the cylindrical lenses are the same.

[0023] In some exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, the pattern arrangement period corresponding to each cylindrical lens is smaller than the pattern arrangement period determined by formula (1):

[0024] Among them, E z is the viewing distance between the human eye and the stereoscopic display device, P is the pitch of adjacent cylindrical lenses, and h is the equivalent air distance between the cylindrical lens and the display unit.

[0025] In some exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, the plurality of cylindrical lenses include a central cylindrical lens, a first intermediate cylindrical lens, a second intermediate cylindrical lens, a left cylindrical lens, and a right cylindrical lens, wherein the central cylindrical lens is a cylindrical lens for a human eye, the left cylindrical lens and the right cylindrical lens are two cylindrical lenses closest to an edge of the display substrate in a first direction, the first intermediate cylindrical lens and the second intermediate cylindrical lens are respectively located on both sides of the central cylindrical lens, the first intermediate cylindrical lens is located between the central cylindrical lens and the left cylindrical lens, and the second intermediate cylindrical lens is located between the central cylindrical lens and the right cylindrical lens; and

[0026] The pattern arrangement period corresponding to each cylindrical lens in the first group of cylindrical lenses is the first pattern arrangement period, and the pattern arrangement period corresponding to each cylindrical lens in the second group of cylindrical lenses is the second pattern arrangement period, wherein the first pattern arrangement period is different from the second pattern arrangement period, the first group of cylindrical lenses includes each cylindrical lens continuously arranged in the first direction from the first intermediate cylindrical lens to the second intermediate cylindrical lens, and the second group of cylindrical lenses includes each cylindrical lens continuously arranged in the first direction from the first intermediate cylindrical lens to the left cylindrical lens and each cylindrical lens continuously arranged in the first direction from the second intermediate cylindrical lens to the right cylindrical lens.

[0027] In some exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, the first drawing arrangement period is greater than the second drawing arrangement period.

[0028] In some exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, the display device further includes: an eye tracking module for tracking the position of a human eye;

[0029] The controller is further configured to determine the relative positional relationship between the human eye, the cylindrical lens array, and the display substrate according to the tracked position of the human eye.

[0030] In some exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, the controller is further configured to:

[0031] Determining the image arrangement period and the image arrangement period change rate at multiple preset viewing distances respectively;

[0032] Establishing a mapping relationship between the image arrangement period change rate and each cylindrical lens at each preset viewing distance;

[0033] Obtain the position of the human eye in real time to determine the real-time viewing distance;

[0034] Determining the mapping relationship between the image arrangement period change rate and each cylindrical lens at a preset viewing distance closest to the determined real-time viewing distance as the mapping relationship between the image arrangement period change rate and each cylindrical lens at the real-time viewing distance; and

[0035] According to the determined image arrangement period change rate at the real-time viewing distance and the mapping relationship between the cylindrical lenses, the image arrangement period corresponding to each cylindrical lens at the real-time viewing distance is calculated.

[0036] In some exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, the pattern arrangement period corresponding to each cylindrical lens in the first group of cylindrical lenses is linearly negatively correlated with a first distance, wherein the first distance is the distance between each cylindrical lens in the first group of cylindrical lenses and the central cylindrical lens; and / or,

[0037] The pattern arrangement period corresponding to each cylindrical lens in the second group of cylindrical lenses is linearly negatively correlated with the second distance, wherein the second distance is the distance between each cylindrical lens in the second group of cylindrical lenses and the central cylindrical lens.

[0038] In some exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, the linear correlation determined by the controller satisfies the following formula:

[0039] Where α is the correction coefficient, Δx min is the pattern arrangement period corresponding to the maximum allowable pitch of the cylindrical lenses, and k is the number of distances between the first group of cylindrical lenses or the second group of cylindrical lenses and the central cylindrical lens.

[0040] In some exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, the pattern arrangement period corresponding to each cylindrical lens in the first group of cylindrical lenses is the pitch between two pattern arrangement units corresponding to two adjacent cylindrical lenses; and / or,

[0041] The pattern arrangement period corresponding to each cylindrical lens in the second group of cylindrical lenses is the pitch between two pattern arrangement units corresponding to two adjacent cylindrical lenses.

[0042] In some exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, the pattern arrangement period corresponding to each cylindrical lens in the first group of cylindrical lenses and / or the pattern arrangement period corresponding to each cylindrical lens in the second group of cylindrical lenses satisfies the following formula: Δx=y k (k)-y k (k-1)

[0043] Wherein, P is the pitch of adjacent cylindrical lenses, h is the equivalent air distance between the cylindrical lens and the display unit, n is the ratio of the refractive index n2 of the cylindrical lens to the refractive index n1 of the first dielectric layer, and E x is the distance between the human eye and the central cylindrical lens in the first direction.

[0044] In some exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, the distance y between the first light exit point corresponding to the design point of the cylindrical lens and the central cylindrical lens is k Satisfies the following formula: k (k) = k × P + hntanθ2

[0045] Where θ2 represents the angle between the light and the normal in the cylindrical lens.

[0046] In some exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, the distance y between the second light exit point corresponding to the design point of the cylindrical lens and the central cylindrical lens is no Satisfies the following formula: no (k)=(k-1)×Δx+E x modΔx;E x >0 y no (k) = k × Δx + E x modΔx;E x <0

[0047] Among them, E x is the distance between the human eye and the central cylindrical lens in the first direction.

[0048] In some exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, the distance between the first light exit point corresponding to the design point of the cylindrical lens and the central cylindrical lens, the first pattern arrangement period Δx1 of the first group of cylindrical lenses, and the second pattern arrangement period Δx2 of the second group of cylindrical lenses satisfy the following formula:

[0049] Wherein, M is the specified value, k maxis the number of cylindrical lenses from the central cylindrical lens to the first intermediate cylindrical lens or the second intermediate cylindrical lens, Δx1 is the pattern arrangement period corresponding to the first group of cylindrical lenses, and Δx2 is the pattern arrangement period corresponding to the second group of cylindrical lenses.

[0050] Another aspect of the present disclosure provides a control method for a stereoscopic display device, the stereoscopic display device comprising: a display substrate, the display substrate comprising a base substrate and a plurality of pixel units disposed on the base substrate, the plurality of pixel units being arranged in an array in a first direction and a second direction, wherein the first direction and the second direction intersect; and a cylindrical lens array, the cylindrical lens array being located on a light-emitting side of the display substrate, wherein the control method comprises:

[0051] Determining a pattern arrangement period according to a relative positional relationship among a human eye, a cylindrical lens array, and a display substrate, and according to a refraction condition of light emitted by the plurality of pixel units by the cylindrical lens array; and

[0052] The plurality of pixel units are controlled to periodically display the left-eye image and the right-eye image according to the determined image arrangement period.

[0053] In some exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, the control method further includes:

[0054] Tracking eye position; and

[0055] According to the tracked position of the human eye, the relative position relationship among the human eye, the cylindrical lens array and the display substrate is determined. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0056] Other objects and advantages of the present disclosure will become apparent from the following description of the present disclosure with reference to the accompanying drawings, which will help to provide a comprehensive understanding of the present disclosure.

[0057] Other objects and advantages of the present disclosure will become apparent from the following description of the present disclosure with reference to the accompanying drawings, which will help to provide a comprehensive understanding of the present disclosure.

[0058] FIG1A schematically shows a three-dimensional structure diagram of a three-dimensional display substrate according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0059] FIG1B schematically shows the relationship between the actual arrangement period and the theoretical arrangement period of the stereoscopic display substrate according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0060] FIG1C schematically shows a refraction diagram of a cylindrical lens of a stereoscopic display substrate according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0061] FIG1D schematically shows a curve diagram of a difference between an actual pattern arrangement period and a theoretical pattern arrangement period of a stereoscopic display substrate according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0062] FIG1E schematically shows an actual arrangement period of a stereoscopic display substrate and its changes in the first direction and the third direction according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0063] FIG2A schematically shows a cross-sectional structural diagram of a stereoscopic display substrate according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0064] FIG2B schematically shows a curve diagram showing a change in the number of cylindrical lenses and a theoretical pattern arrangement period of a 3D display substrate according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0065] 2C and 2D schematically illustrate comparison diagrams of crosstalk cancellation of a stereoscopic display substrate according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0066] FIG3A schematically shows a cross-sectional structural diagram of a stereoscopic display substrate according to another embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0067] FIG3B schematically shows a schematic diagram of how the arrangement period of a stereoscopic display substrate varies with the position of human eyes according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0068] FIG3C schematically shows a curve diagram showing a comparison of multiple pattern arrangement periods of a 3D display substrate according to another embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0069] FIG4A schematically shows a cross-sectional structure diagram of a stereoscopic display substrate according to another embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0070] FIG4B schematically shows a diagram showing how the pattern arrangement period varies with the number (i.e., position) of cylindrical lenses, taking into account the refraction effect of the cylindrical lenses;

[0071] FIG5A schematically shows a graph of crosstalk rate versus number (i.e., position) of cylindrical lenses under several exemplary conditions, wherein a comparison is schematically shown between a change in crosstalk rate under a linearly continuously changing pattern arrangement period and a change in crosstalk rate under a fixed pattern arrangement period;

[0072] FIG5B schematically shows a graph of crosstalk rate versus number (i.e., position) of cylindrical lenses in several exemplary cases, schematically illustrating a comparison of changes in crosstalk rate under one pattern arrangement period, two pattern arrangement periods, and a pattern arrangement period that varies linearly and continuously, determined with the influence of refraction of cylindrical lenses taken into account;

[0073] FIG6 schematically shows a curve of the arrangement period of the cylindrical lenses versus the number (ie, position) of the cylindrical lenses at different viewing distances of a stereoscopic display substrate according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure; and

[0074] FIG. 7 schematically shows a flow chart of a method for controlling a stereoscopic display substrate according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0075] It should be noted that, for the sake of clarity, in the drawings used to describe the embodiments of the present disclosure, the sizes of layers, structures or regions may be enlarged or reduced, that is, these drawings are not drawn according to the actual scale. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0076] The technical solution of the present disclosure is further described in detail below through examples and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In the specification, the same or similar reference numerals indicate the same or similar components. The following description of the embodiments of the present disclosure with reference to the accompanying drawings is intended to explain the overall inventive concept of the present disclosure and should not be construed as limiting the present disclosure.

[0077] Furthermore, in the following detailed description, for ease of explanation, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the embodiments of the present disclosure. However, it will be apparent that one or more embodiments can be practiced without these specific details.

[0078] It should be noted that although the terms "first," "second," etc. may be used herein to describe various parts, components, elements, regions, layers, and / or portions, these parts, components, elements, regions, layers, and / or portions should not be limited by these terms. Rather, these terms are used to distinguish one part, component, element, region, layer, and / or portion from another. Thus, for example, the first part, first member, first element, first region, first layer, and / or first portion discussed below may be referred to as a second part, second member, second element, second region, second layer, and / or second portion without departing from the teachings of the present disclosure.

[0079] For ease of description, spatially relative terms, such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," etc., may be used herein to describe the relationship of one element or feature to another element or feature as shown in the figures. It should be understood that the spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures is turned over, elements described as "below" or "beneath" other elements or features would then be oriented "above" or "over" the other elements or features.

[0080] As used herein, the terms "substantially," "about," "approximately," "roughly," and other similar terms are used as terms of approximation rather than as terms of degree, and are intended to account for the inherent deviations in measured or calculated values ​​that would be recognized by one of ordinary skill in the art. To account for factors such as process fluctuations, measurement problems, and errors associated with the measurement of a particular quantity (i.e., limitations of the measurement system), "about" or "approximately" as used herein are inclusive of the stated value and mean within an acceptable range of deviation for the particular value as determined by one of ordinary skill in the art. For example, "approximately" can mean within one or more standard deviations, or within ±30%, ±20%, ±10%, ±5% of the stated value.

[0081] It should be noted that, in this article, the term "the same layer" refers to a layer structure formed by using the same film-forming process to form a film layer used to form a specific pattern, and then patterning the film layer using the same mask through a single patterning process. Depending on the specific pattern, a single patterning process may include multiple exposure, development, or etching processes, and the specific pattern in the resulting layer structure may be continuous or discontinuous. In other words, multiple elements, components, structures, and / or parts located in the "same layer" are composed of the same material and are formed through the same patterning process. Typically, multiple elements, components, structures, and / or parts located in the "same layer" have approximately the same thickness.

[0082] Those skilled in the art should understand that, herein, unless otherwise specified, the expressions "continuous extension", "integrated structure", "monolithic structure" or similar expressions mean that multiple elements, components, structures and / or parts are located on the same layer and are usually formed by the same patterning process during the manufacturing process. There are no spaces or breaks between these elements, components, structures and / or parts, but they are continuously extended structures.

[0083] In this document, the directional expressions "first direction" and "second direction" are used to describe different directions along the pixel region, for example, the longitudinal direction and the transverse direction of the pixel region. It should be understood that such expressions are merely exemplary descriptions and are not intended to limit the present disclosure.

[0084] In this article, the term "periodic pixel width" refers to the width of the image or picture displayed on the display unit after being refracted by one of the cylindrical lenses of the cylindrical lens array and entering the observer's left eye or right eye. Each periodic pixel width refers to the width of the display unit that can be observed by the observer's left eye or right eye through a cylindrical lens, where the images or pictures seen by the left eye and the right eye are displayed alternately on the display unit.

[0085] In this document, the term "design point" refers to a certain point on the cylindrical lens, which is used to set the pitch of the cylindrical lens. For example, the design point is the midpoint of the cylindrical lens.

[0086] The term "patterning period" refers to the width of a pixel in a display unit as seen by the human eye through a cylindrical lens on a display substrate. In the embodiments of the present disclosure, the patterning period is related to the angle between the human eye and the cylindrical lens. Depending on the viewing angle of the human eye relative to the cylindrical lens, the width of the pixel in the display unit as seen through the cylindrical lens also varies.

[0087] The 3D display devices currently on the market all have crosstalk and ghosting issues, especially in the wide viewing angle area. This results in a smaller optimal viewing angle.

[0088] Existing methods have reduced crosstalk to some extent, but none of them can solve the crosstalk problem at close distances and wide viewing angles. Furthermore, the viewing distance is limited, and the optimal viewing angle is small. A small viewing angle means that the viewer must be within a small horizontal distance from the screen to see the best image; exceeding this range results in poor viewing quality. The limited viewing distance also means that the viewer cannot be too close to the stereoscopic display, significantly reducing the user experience.

[0089] In order to solve the above problems, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a stereoscopic display device, wherein the stereoscopic display device includes but is not limited to: a display substrate, the display substrate including a base substrate and a plurality of pixel units arranged on the base substrate, the plurality of pixel units being arranged in an array in a first direction and a second direction, wherein the first direction and the second direction intersect; a cylindrical lens array, the cylindrical lens array being located on the light-emitting side of the display substrate; and a controller, the controller being configured to: determine an arrangement period according to the relative positional relationship between a human eye, the cylindrical lens array and the display substrate, and according to the refraction of light emitted by the cylindrical lens array to the plurality of pixel units; and control the plurality of pixel units to periodically display a left-eye image and a right-eye image respectively according to the determined arrangement period.

[0090] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, a controller is provided to control the arrangement period of multiple pixel units according to the relative positional relationship between the human eye, the cylindrical lens array, and the display substrate, so that the human eye can have the best viewing experience in each position, reduce the crosstalk generated when the human eye views, and improve the display effect.

[0091] The naked-eye 3D display substrate according to the embodiment of the present disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to FIG. 1A to FIG. 7 .

[0092] Figure 1A schematically illustrates a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a stereoscopic display substrate according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 1B schematically illustrates the relationship between the actual pattern arrangement period and the theoretical pattern arrangement period of a stereoscopic display substrate according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 1C schematically illustrates the refraction of a cylindrical lens of a stereoscopic display substrate according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 1D schematically illustrates a curve showing the difference between the actual pattern arrangement period and the theoretical pattern arrangement period of a stereoscopic display substrate according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 1E schematically illustrates the actual pattern arrangement period of a stereoscopic display substrate according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure and its variation in the first and third directions. Figure 2A schematically illustrates a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of a stereoscopic display substrate according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0093] As shown in Figures 1A and 2A, a 3D display substrate 100 includes a display substrate 10, a cylindrical lens array 20 disposed on the light-emitting side of the display substrate 10, and a first dielectric layer 30 disposed between the display substrate 10 and the cylindrical lens array 20. The first dielectric layer 30 is used to bond the display substrate 10 to the cylindrical lens array 20 and to provide an appropriate spacing between the display substrate 10 and the cylindrical lens array 20, thereby enabling the image displayed by the pixel units on the display substrate 10 to be displayed to the left or right eye of the user through the cylindrical lens array 20. As shown in Figure 2A, the 3D display substrate 100 may further include a second dielectric layer 40 and an encapsulation layer 50. The second dielectric layer 40 may be made of the same material as the first dielectric layer 30, or may be made of another dielectric material, such as a low-refractive-index material. The encapsulation layer 50 is used to encapsulate and protect the 3D display device 100, preventing the internal film layers of the 3D display device from being damaged by the environment. In other optional embodiments, at least one of the second dielectric layer 40 and the encapsulation layer 50 may be provided selectively.

[0094] The display substrate includes a base substrate 11 and a plurality of pixel units 12 disposed on the base substrate. The pixel units are arranged in an array in a first direction X and a second direction Y, which intersect with the first direction X and the second direction Y. Furthermore, the display substrate 10 and the cylindrical lens array 20 are stacked in a third direction Z.

[0095] The technical principle of this solution is described in detail below with reference to FIG. 1B to FIG. 1E .

[0096] During the display process of the display device 100, the cylindrical lens array included in the display device and the medium between the cylindrical lens and the display substrate are refracted, resulting in the actual light path being different from the designed light path, thereby causing more serious crosstalk at close range and large viewing angles. In conjunction with Figures 1B and 2A, it can be seen that the cylindrical lens array 20 includes a plurality of cylindrical lenses 21 arranged along a first direction X, and the length direction of the plurality of cylindrical lenses is along a second direction Y. The same design point 01 on the same cylindrical lens corresponds to a first light exit point E1 and a second light exit point E2 on the light exit surface of the display substrate, respectively. The light emitted from the first light exit point E1 is incident on the design point 01 and can enter the human eye L (for example, the left eye) after being refracted by the cylindrical lens 21. The second light exit point E2, the design point 01 and the human eye L are located on the same straight line.

[0097] When designing the arrangement period of a display device, the general design does not consider the influence of the refractive index of the cylindrical lens and the medium surrounding the cylindrical lens. Therefore, the arrangement period Δx (theoretical arrangement period) of the general design is different from the arrangement period Δx' (actual arrangement period) after considering the influence of the refractive index of the cylindrical lens and the medium surrounding the cylindrical lens. As shown in (b) in Figure 1B, the first light output point E1 is a light output point corresponding to the left eye considering the influence of the refractive index of the cylindrical lens, and the second light output point E2 is a light output point corresponding to the left eye without considering the influence of the refractive index of the lens. There is a difference C between the theoretical arrangement period Δx and the actual arrangement period Δx', and as shown in Figure 1D, the difference C increases as the distance between the cylindrical lens and the human eye increases. Therefore, at a large viewing angle, since the theoretical arrangement period Δx is different from the actual arrangement period Δx', crosstalk is generated when the human eye sees other pixels at a large viewing angle, which reduces the display effect of the display device. In order to reduce crosstalk, it is necessary to reduce the difference C between the theoretical arrangement period Δx and the actual arrangement period Δx′ displayed on the display device as much as possible.

[0098] Since the refraction of the lens and the medium around the lens can cause serious crosstalk at close distances, in order to determine the refracted image caused by the distance between the human eye and the display device, all actual image arrangement periods at distances [450mm, 1100mm] and viewing angles [-25°, 25°] are measured, as shown in FIG1E . At close distances, the actual image arrangement periods of small viewing angles and large viewing angles change steeply, with a large difference in value, resulting in more serious crosstalk at close distances. To this end, the display device disclosed in the present invention is improved for crosstalk at close distances. For example, close distance can refer to a range of 450mm to 1100mm. In other small-screen application scenarios, as the screen resolution becomes higher and higher, the pixels of the display unit become smaller and smaller, that is, the spacing between pixels becomes smaller, and changes in the refractive index are more likely to cause crosstalk. For example, smaller changes in viewing angle or changes in the position of the human eye can also cause crosstalk between pixels.

[0099] It should be noted that in the embodiment shown in FIG1E , the "viewing angle [-25°, 25°]" here means: when the viewer is standing directly facing the middle number of cylindrical lenses, and the viewer's gaze is directly facing the middle number of cylindrical lenses, for example, facing approximately 5,000 cylindrical lenses, the viewing angle is 0°; when the viewer's gaze is directly facing the cylindrical lenses on both sides, for example, facing approximately 0 cylindrical lenses, the viewing angle is -25°, and when facing approximately 10,000 cylindrical lenses, the viewing angle is 25°. It should be noted that this description is for exemplary purposes only; when the viewer's position or the number of main lenses changes, the viewing angle can change accordingly.

[0100] Thus, the display device of the present disclosure is provided with a controller, and the controller is configured to determine the arrangement period so that the distance between the first light exit point E1 and the second light exit point E2 in the first direction X is less than or equal to a specified value, so as to avoid crosstalk between the images displayed by the two adjacent arrangement units. The arrangement unit includes at least one pixel unit that displays a left-eye image or a right-eye image, and a plurality of the arrangement units are periodically arranged in the first direction with the arrangement period as a period. For example, the controller can be an FPGA, so that a better processing effect can be achieved based on a lower computing cost. That is, the controller of the present disclosure controls the pixel units on the display substrate of the display device so that the difference C between the theoretical arrangement period Δx and the actual arrangement period Δx' displayed by the pixel units of the display substrate is less than a specified value, thereby effectively eliminating the crosstalk of the display device.

[0101] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the specified value may be, for example, a crosstalk limit M determined based on actual display conditions. For example, the crosstalk limit M is associated with the width of the pixel unit in the first direction. For example, when the distance between the first light exit point E1 and the second light exit point E2 in the first direction is greater than the crosstalk limit M, it is considered that the image seen by the human eye generates crosstalk. If the distance is less than or equal to the crosstalk limit M, it is considered that the image seen by the human eye does not generate crosstalk. In this embodiment, the crosstalk limit M may be, for example, 2 / 3 of the width of the pixel unit in the first direction, that is, M = 2 / 3 pixel.

[0102] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the controller may determine a plurality of image arrangement periods according to the relative positional relationship among the human eye, the cylindrical lens array, and the display substrate, and the plurality of image arrangement periods correspond one-to-one to the plurality of cylindrical lenses.

[0103] For example, the arrangement period Δx of the display device can be calculated using the following formula (1):

[0104] Where P represents the horizontal width of a cylindrical lens or the pitch between adjacent cylindrical lenses. Ez represents the position coordinate of the human eye in the third direction Z, that is, the distance between the human eye and the display device. h represents the equivalent air layer placement height of the cylindrical lens array.

[0105] In this embodiment, the coordinates of the position of the human eye and the display device in the third direction Z are Ez, and the coordinates of the first direction X, the second direction Y, and the third direction Z of the position of the human eye (e.g., the left eye L) are determined as (0, 0, Ez). As the distance between the cylindrical lens and the human eye in the first direction X increases, as shown in (a) and (b) of FIG1B , the distance between the first light exit point E1 and the second light exit point E2 corresponding to the design point of the cylindrical lens in the first direction X increases. In order to prevent the occurrence of crosstalk, the controller controls the arrangement period corresponding to each cylindrical lens of the display device, so that the distance between the first light exit point E1 and the second light exit point E2 in the first direction X is less than or equal to a specified value. That is, the first light exit point, the second light exit point, and the specified value M satisfy the following formula (2):

[0106] Among them, the cylindrical lens corresponding to the human eye position is the central cylindrical lens, y k (k) represents the distance in the first direction between the first light-emitting point E1 corresponding to the design point of the k-th cylindrical lens and the central cylindrical lens corresponding to the position of the human eye, y no (k) represents the distance in the first direction between the second light-emitting point E2 corresponding to the design point of the k-th cylindrical lens and the central cylindrical lens corresponding to the position of the human eye. In the embodiment of the present disclosure, when rate(k) is always less than or equal to 1, it can be considered that when the human eye is within the above-mentioned coordinate range, the display device will not generate crosstalk.

[0107] As shown in Figure 1B and Figure 1C, y k (k) can be calculated by formula (3): k (k)=k×P+hntanθ2 Formula (3)

[0108] Where P represents the horizontal width of the cylindrical lens or the pitch of adjacent cylindrical lenses, h represents the equivalent air layer placement height of the cylindrical lens array, as shown in Figure 1B (b). h can be calculated and determined based on the distance h' between the cylindrical lens array and the display substrate. n is the ratio of the lens refractive index n2 to the refractive index n1 of the medium surrounding the lens. As shown in Figures 1B and 1C, n1 is the refractive index of the medium surrounding the lens, n2 is the refractive index of the lens, θ1 is the angle of the light ray with respect to the normal in the medium surrounding the lens, and θ2 is the angle of the light ray with respect to the normal within the lens.

[0109] By transforming formula (3) according to formula (4) and formula (5), we can obtain formula (6): sinθ1×n1=sinθ2×n2 Formula (4)

[0110] y no (k) represents the distance between the second light-emitting point corresponding to the design point of the k-th cylindrical lens and the human eye position in the first direction, which can be calculated according to the following formulas (7) and (8): no (k)=(k-1)×Δx+E x modΔx;E x >0 Formula (7) y no (k) = k × Δx + E x modΔx;E x <0 Formula (8)

[0111] Among them, E x It refers to the distance between the kth cylindrical lens and the central cylindrical lens corresponding to the human eye.

[0112] Figure 2A schematically illustrates a cross-sectional view of a 3D display substrate according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 2B schematically illustrates a curve showing the number of cylindrical lenses and the theoretical arrangement period of a 3D display substrate according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 2C schematically illustrates a comparison of crosstalk cancellation in a 3D display substrate according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0113] The display device according to the embodiment of the present disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to FIG. 2A .

[0114] In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, the controller is configured to determine a plurality of pattern arrangement periods Δx. The cylindrical lens array includes a plurality of cylindrical lenses arranged along a first direction. The plurality of pattern arrangement periods correspond one-to-one to the plurality of cylindrical lenses, and the pattern arrangement periods corresponding to at least two cylindrical lenses are identical. That is, the pattern arrangement periods corresponding to the plurality of cylindrical lenses arranged in the first direction may all be identical, or some cylindrical lenses may have the same pattern arrangement period while others may have different pattern arrangement periods.

[0115] As shown in Figure 2A, the 3D display substrate 100 includes a display substrate 10, a cylindrical lens array 20, a first dielectric layer 30, a second dielectric layer 40, and an encapsulation layer 50. The 3D display substrate includes a central cylindrical lens directly facing the human eye, and left and right cylindrical lenses 202 and 203 located on either side of the 3D display substrate.

[0116] Exemplarily, the pattern arrangement period of the cylindrical lens without considering refraction is calculated using the above formula (1). For example, if the human eye is at the central cylindrical lens of the display substrate, and the distance between the human eye and the display substrate is Ez = 700 mm, then the coordinates of the human eye are (0, 0, 700 mm). As shown in FIG2B , the cylindrical lens array of the known display device includes 5000 cylindrical lenses, which are arranged from the left side of the display substrate to the right side of the display substrate in a first direction X. The 2500th cylindrical lens is the central cylindrical lens. From the central cylindrical lens toward both sides, as the distance between the cylindrical lens and the human eye in the first direction X increases, the difference between the actual pattern arrangement period Δx' and the theoretical pattern arrangement period Δx becomes larger and larger. In order to reduce the difference between the actual pattern arrangement period Δx' and the theoretical pattern arrangement period Δx on both sides and in the middle, the pattern arrangement period corresponding to the cylindrical lens can be fixed, that is, the pattern arrangement period corresponding to the multiple cylindrical lenses arranged in the first direction are the same.

[0117] For example, the distance y in the first direction between the first light exit point corresponding to the design point of the k-th cylindrical lens and the central cylindrical lens 201 corresponding to the human eye is calculated according to the above formulas (3) to (6): k (k), k is a variable, P is the known width of the cylindrical lens. Combining formula (7) and formula (8), the distance y between the second light-emitting point corresponding to the design point of the k-th cylindrical lens and the human eye in the first direction X is calculated: no (k).

[0118] According to formula (2), the human eye in the third direction E can be calculated z The value of the optimal theoretical arrangement period Δx corresponding to the coordinates of , that is, the controller needs to control the display arrangement period Δx, and display the arrangement period on the display substrate corresponding to all cylindrical lenses as the above-calculated Δx, so as to obtain the best display effect.

[0119] As shown in Figure 2C, within the optimal viewing distance range of [450mm, 700mm], the above calculation steps are used to calculate the optimal image arrangement period values ​​at different distances. Figure 2C (a) shows the crosstalk of the display device before optimization, and Figure 2C (b) shows the crosstalk of the display device after optimization. The vertical axis represents the distance from the human eye in the third direction [450mm, 1100mm], and the horizontal axis represents the angle range [0°, 25°]. As shown in Figure 2C (b), after the optimal image arrangement period value is obtained through calculation, the controller controls multiple pixel units to determine the same image arrangement period to periodically display the left eye image and the right eye image, respectively, eliminating crosstalk in most of the range of 7 to 15°, thereby improving the display effect of the display device.

[0120] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, in a cylindrical lens array of a display device, when the pattern arrangement periods corresponding to at least two cylindrical lenses are the same, that is, when the pattern arrangement periods corresponding to the cylindrical lenses may be partially or completely the same, then the pattern arrangement periods corresponding to all cylindrical lenses are less than the pattern arrangement period determined by the aforementioned formula (1).

[0121] Figure 3A schematically illustrates a cross-sectional view of a 3D display substrate according to another embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 3B schematically illustrates how the pattern arrangement period of a 3D display substrate according to one embodiment of the present disclosure varies with the position of the human eye. Figure 3C schematically illustrates a curve diagram comparing the variation of multiple pattern arrangement periods of a 3D display substrate according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0122] In another feasible embodiment, as shown in Figure 3A, the multiple cylindrical lenses include a central cylindrical lens 201, a first intermediate cylindrical lens 204, a second intermediate cylindrical lens 205, a left cylindrical lens 202 and a right cylindrical lens 203. The central cylindrical lens 201 is a cylindrical lens directly facing the human eye, the left cylindrical lens 202 and the right cylindrical lens 203 are two cylindrical lenses closest to the edge of the display substrate in the first direction, the first intermediate cylindrical lens 204 and the second intermediate cylindrical lens 205 are respectively located on both sides of the central cylindrical lens, the first intermediate cylindrical lens 204 is located between the central cylindrical lens 201 and the left cylindrical lens 202, and the second intermediate cylindrical lens 205 is located between the central cylindrical lens 201 and the right cylindrical lens 203.

[0123] The arrangement period corresponding to each cylindrical lens in the first group of cylindrical lenses A1 is the first arrangement period Δx1, and the arrangement period corresponding to each cylindrical lens in the second group of cylindrical lenses B1 is the second arrangement period Δx2, the first arrangement period Δx1 is different from the second arrangement period Δx2, the first group of cylindrical lenses A1 includes each cylindrical lens arranged continuously in the first direction from the first intermediate cylindrical lens 204 to the second intermediate cylindrical lens 205, and the second group of cylindrical lenses B1 includes each cylindrical lens arranged continuously in the first direction from the first intermediate cylindrical lens 204 to the left cylindrical lens 201 and each cylindrical lens arranged continuously in the first direction from the second intermediate cylindrical lens 205 to the right cylindrical lens 203.

[0124] As shown in FIG3A , the first row period Δx1 corresponding to each cylindrical lens of the first cylindrical lens group A1 is greater than the second row period Δx2 corresponding to each cylindrical lens of the second cylindrical lens group B1.

[0125] For example, the first row of image periods corresponding to the cylindrical lenses of the first cylindrical lens group A1 is based on the distance coordinate E of the human eye in the third direction Y as described above. zThe first arrangement period Δx1 is determined by the corresponding optimal arrangement period. That is, the first arrangement period Δx1 is calculated according to Ez and the above formulas (2) to (8). The second arrangement period Δx2 and the number of cylindrical lenses k between the first group of cylindrical lenses A1 and the second group of cylindrical lenses B1 are calculated by combining the first arrangement period Δx1 and the following formula (9). max Formula (9) is as follows:

[0126] where k max represents the cylindrical lens when the first pattern arrangement period is changed to the second pattern arrangement period. In this embodiment, k max The cylindrical lenses are located relative to the human eye, that is, in the first direction X, and are spaced apart from the central cylindrical lens corresponding to the human eye.

[0127] As shown in FIG3B , assuming that the distance E of the human eye in the third direction is z =700mm, the position of the area corresponding to the first lens group A1 relative to the human eye is [E x -k max , E x -k max ,], that is, the first row of images in the first lens group A1 has a constant period of Δx1. According to the above formula, k can be determined max =1990, then the first row of image periods corresponds to the human eye at coordinate positions L[0, 0, 700] and L'[-326.41, 0, 700]. According to the embodiments of the present disclosure, changes in the position of the human eye cause changes in the positions of the first row of image periods Δx1 and the second row of image periods Δx2 displayed on the display substrate, thereby providing a better viewing experience for the human eye at different positions and reducing crosstalk in the display device.

[0128] As shown in FIG3C , in FIG3C , the horizontal axis represents the number of cylindrical lenses, and the vertical axis represents the y in the above formula (2). k (k) and y no (k) The difference between them (not the absolute value).

[0129] As shown in (a) of FIG3C , the first image arrangement period Δx1 is calculated based on Ez and the above formulas (2) to (8). When the number of central cylindrical lenses corresponding to the human eye exceeds 4000, the display effect is reduced. As shown in (b) of FIG3C , after the second image arrangement period Δx2 is calculated based on formula (9), the display effect is still not reduced when the number of central cylindrical lenses corresponding to the human eye exceeds 4000, and the display effect is only reduced when the number of central cylindrical lenses corresponding to the human eye exceeds 5000. Therefore, by setting the first image arrangement period Δx1 and the second image arrangement period Δx2 respectively, the display effect of the display device can be effectively improved.

[0130] Figure 4A schematically shows a cross-sectional view of a 3D display substrate according to another embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 4B schematically shows a curve diagram of a linear change in the arrangement period of a 3D display substrate according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0131] In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, at least two cylindrical lenses correspond to different pattern arrangement periods, where the pattern arrangement period refers to a pixel width displayed by a pixel unit on a display substrate and corresponding to a cylindrical lens.

[0132] As shown in FIG4A , the plurality of cylindrical lenses include a central cylindrical lens 201, a left cylindrical lens 202, and a right cylindrical lens 203. The central cylindrical lens 201 is a cylindrical lens for the human eye, and the left cylindrical lens 202 and the right cylindrical lens 203 are respectively the two cylindrical lenses closest to the edge of the display substrate in a first direction. The image arrangement periods corresponding to the cylindrical lenses in the first group of cylindrical lenses A2 are different from each other. The image arrangement periods corresponding to the cylindrical lenses in the second group of cylindrical lenses B2 are different from each other. The first group of cylindrical lenses A2 includes cylindrical lenses arranged continuously in the first direction from the central cylindrical lens 201 to the left cylindrical lens 202, and the second group of cylindrical lenses B2 includes cylindrical lenses arranged continuously in the first direction from the central cylindrical lens 201 to the right cylindrical lens 203. That is, the image arrangement periods of the first group of cylindrical lenses and the second group of cylindrical lenses displayed on the display substrate by the controller can be symmetrically distributed around the center of the central cylindrical lens 201, for example. In an optional embodiment, the controller controls the arrangement period of the first group of cylindrical lenses and the arrangement period of the second group of cylindrical lenses displayed on the display substrate to be asymmetric, that is, the variation pattern of the arrangement period of each group of cylindrical lenses is different.

[0133] In an exemplary embodiment, as shown in FIG4A , the pattern arrangement period corresponding to each cylindrical lens in the first cylindrical lens group A2 varies linearly and continuously, and the pattern arrangement period corresponding to each cylindrical lens in the second cylindrical lens group B2 also varies linearly and continuously. For example, the pattern arrangement period corresponding to each cylindrical lens in the first cylindrical lens group and the pattern arrangement period corresponding to each cylindrical lens in the second cylindrical lens group may follow the same pattern of linear continuous variation. In alternative embodiments, the pattern arrangement period corresponding to each cylindrical lens in the first cylindrical lens group and the pattern arrangement period corresponding to each cylindrical lens in the second cylindrical lens group may also follow different patterns of linear continuous variation.

[0134] For example, the linear continuous variation of the first cylindrical lens group A2 and the second cylindrical lens group B2 is identical. Here, only the linear continuous variation of the second cylindrical lens group B2 will be specifically described. On the left and right sides of the central cylindrical lens 201, with the central cylindrical lens 201 as the center of symmetry, the pattern arrangement period corresponding to each cylindrical lens is oriented toward both sides. As the number of cylindrical lenses increases, the pattern arrangement period decreases. The decreasing pattern of the pattern arrangement period satisfies formula (10):

[0135] Where α is the correction coefficient, Δx min is the pattern arrangement period corresponding to the maximum allowable pitch of the cylindrical lenses, and k is the number of distances between the first group of cylindrical lenses or the second group of cylindrical lenses and the central cylindrical lens.

[0136] For example, the number of the first cylindrical lens group A1 or the second cylindrical lens group B1 is given as m, that is, the total number of cylindrical lenses from the central cylindrical lens 201 to the left cylindrical lens 202 is m, or the number of cylindrical lenses from the central cylindrical lens 201 to the right cylindrical lens 203 is m, and Δx is calculated based on the given number of cylindrical lenses m, the width P of the cylindrical lenses, and the above formula (6): min , thus determining the decreasing law of the arrangement period according to the above formula (10).

[0137] FIG4B schematically illustrates a graph showing how the pattern arrangement period varies with the number (i.e., position) of cylindrical lenses, taking into account the influence of cylindrical lens refraction. For example, as shown in FIG4B , Curve 1 represents a curve showing how the theoretical pattern arrangement period varies with the number (i.e., position) of cylindrical lenses, taking into account the influence of cylindrical lens refraction; Lines 1, 2, and 3 represent lines showing how the pattern arrangement period, determined by Formula (10), varies with the number (i.e., position) of cylindrical lenses, taking into account the influence of cylindrical lens refraction, respectively. Lines 1, 2, and 3 correspond to different values ​​of the correction coefficient α in Formula (10).

[0138] 4B , the pattern arrangement period corresponding to each cylindrical lens in the first cylindrical lens group A2 decreases linearly. The pattern arrangement period corresponding to each cylindrical lens in the second cylindrical lens group B2 also decreases linearly.

[0139] In this embodiment, α is a correction coefficient, i.e., α is a constant, and 0<α<1. As shown in FIG4B , when α takes different values ​​between (0, 1), the corresponding pattern of change in the pattern arrangement period of each cylindrical lens is shown. The curve shown in FIG4B shows that the pattern arrangement period corresponding to each cylindrical lens in the first cylindrical lens group A2 is linearly negatively correlated with the first distance, where the first distance is the distance between each cylindrical lens in the first cylindrical lens group and the central cylindrical lens. The pattern arrangement period corresponding to each cylindrical lens in the second cylindrical lens group B2 is linearly negatively correlated with the second distance, where the second distance is the distance between each cylindrical lens in the second cylindrical lens group and the central cylindrical lens.

[0140] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, by setting the pattern arrangement period corresponding to each cylindrical lens in the first cylindrical lens group A2 or the second cylindrical lens group B2 to change linearly and continuously, the crosstalk problem of the display device can be effectively reduced and the display effect can be improved.

[0141] FIG5A schematically illustrates a graph of crosstalk rate versus number of cylindrical lenses (i.e., position) for several exemplary cases, schematically illustrating a comparison of crosstalk rate variation under a linearly continuously varying pattern arrangement period with crosstalk rate variation under a fixed pattern arrangement period. As shown in FIG5A , Curve 1 represents a curve of crosstalk rate versus number of cylindrical lenses (i.e., position) under the pattern arrangement period determined by Formula (1), and Curves 2, 3, and 4 represent curves of crosstalk rate versus number of cylindrical lenses (i.e., position) under the pattern arrangement period determined by Formula (10), respectively. Curve 2 corresponds to a case where the correction coefficient α is 1, Curve 3 corresponds to a case where the correction coefficient α is 1 / 2, and Curve 4 corresponds to a case where the correction coefficient α is 1 / 4.

[0142] FIG5B schematically illustrates a graph of crosstalk rate versus number of cylindrical lenses (i.e., position) for several exemplary cases, schematically illustrating a comparison of crosstalk rate variations under one pattern arrangement period, two pattern arrangement periods, and a linearly continuously varying pattern arrangement period, determined taking into account the influence of cylindrical lens refraction. As shown in FIG5B , Curve 1 represents a curve of crosstalk rate versus number of cylindrical lenses (i.e., position) for one pattern arrangement period determined according to Formulas (2)-(8) taking into account the influence of cylindrical lens refraction, Curve 2 represents a curve of crosstalk rate versus number of cylindrical lenses (i.e., position) for two pattern arrangement periods determined according to Formula (9) taking into account the influence of cylindrical lens refraction, and Curve 3 represents a curve of crosstalk rate versus number of cylindrical lenses (i.e., position) for a detailed continuously varying pattern arrangement period determined according to Formula (10), where the correction coefficient α is 1 / 4.

[0143] As can be seen from FIG. 5A and FIG. 5B , in the case of a linearly continuously changing arrangement period, the crosstalk rate is relatively small, and the variation curve of the crosstalk rate is relatively smooth, which can solve the problem of a clear dividing line in the optimal arrangement period.

[0144] Figure 6 schematically illustrates a graph showing the relationship between the arrangement period of the lenticular lenses and the number of lenticular lenses (i.e., their positions) at different viewing distances for a stereoscopic display substrate according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure. For example, in Figure 6, curves 1 through 8 correspond to the relationship between the arrangement period of the lenticular lenses and the number of lenticular lenses (i.e., their positions) at viewing distances of 450 mm, 500 mm, 600 mm, 700 mm, 800 mm, 900 mm, 1000 mm, and 1100 mm, respectively.

[0145] In another exemplary embodiment, the pattern arrangement period corresponding to each cylindrical lens in the first group of cylindrical lenses A2 varies nonlinearly and continuously, and the pattern arrangement period corresponding to each cylindrical lens in the second group of cylindrical lenses B2 varies nonlinearly and continuously.

[0146] For example, taking the human eye as the origin, coordinate transformation is performed on formula (6) to obtain formula (11):

[0147] Wherein, P is the pitch of adjacent cylindrical lenses, h is the equivalent air distance between the cylindrical lens and the display unit, n is the ratio of the refractive index n2 of the cylindrical lens to the refractive index n1 of the first dielectric layer, and E z is the distance between the human eye and the central cylindrical lens in the first direction.

[0148] From the human eye position to both sides of the screen, the pattern arrangement period corresponding to each cylindrical lens shows a nonlinear continuous change effect. Using formula (11), the distance coordinate y of each cylindrical lens relative to the human eye in the first direction X can be obtained: k The size of the nonlinear pattern arrangement period corresponding to each cylindrical lens can be determined using the following formula (12): Δx=y k (k)-y k (k-1) Formula (12)

[0149] By controlling the arrangement period corresponding to each cylindrical lens determined according to Formula 12, the pixel units of the display substrate are arranged according to the arrangement period, so that a completely crosstalk-free stereoscopic image can be obtained at a large viewing angle.

[0150] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the pattern arrangement period corresponding to each cylindrical lens in the first group of cylindrical lenses decreases nonlinearly, and the pattern arrangement period corresponding to each cylindrical lens in the second group of cylindrical lenses decreases nonlinearly.

[0151] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, a controller is used to control the multiple pixel units of the display substrate to determine the pattern arrangement period, and the pattern arrangement period corresponding to each cylindrical lens changes nonlinearly and continuously, which can completely solve the crosstalk problem of the display device and improve the display effect.

[0152] In some exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, the display device further includes: an eye tracking module for tracking the position of a human eye; and the controller is further configured to determine the relative position relationship between the human eye, the cylindrical lens array, and the display substrate based on the tracked position of the human eye.

[0153] In the disclosed embodiment, the above steps are used to obtain different nonlinear variation formulas for the desired optimal viewing distance ranges [450mm, 700mm], and the corresponding pattern arrangement period Δx for different cylindrical lenses is calculated based on these formulas. However, when the pattern arrangement period varies linearly or nonlinearly, the human eye is the origin of the pattern arrangement period variation. Changes in the eye's position, such as deviations in the first direction X and / or the third direction Y, will cause the pattern arrangement period on the entire display substrate to change, requiring re-arrangement to achieve optimal display quality. This consumes a significant amount of computing resources and is difficult to implement.

[0154] In this regard, the controller of some embodiments of the present disclosure is further configured to: respectively determine the pattern arrangement period and the pattern arrangement period change rate at multiple preset viewing distances; establish a mapping relationship between the pattern arrangement period change rate and each cylindrical lens at each preset viewing distance; obtain the position of the human eye in real time to determine the real-time viewing distance; determine the mapping relationship between the pattern arrangement period change rate and each cylindrical lens at the preset viewing distance closest to the determined real-time viewing distance as the mapping relationship between the pattern arrangement period change rate and each cylindrical lens at the real-time viewing distance; and calculate the pattern arrangement period corresponding to each cylindrical lens at the real-time viewing distance based on the determined mapping relationship between the pattern arrangement period change rate and each cylindrical lens at the real-time viewing distance.

[0155] For example, to facilitate subsequent FPGA implementation, it is first necessary to determine the differences in the changes in the pattern arrangement period Δx at different positions. For example, within the viewing distance range [450mm, 1100mm], select 450mm, 500mm, 600mm, 700mm, 800mm, 900mm, 1000mm, and 1100mm. Use the nonlinear formula to solve the Δx sizes corresponding to all cylindrical lenses and obtain the rate of change of Δx, as shown in Figure 6.

[0156] As can be seen from the figure, the rate of change of the patterning period Δx varies significantly within the range [450, 600], while the rate of change of the patterning period Δx within the range [700, 1100] is relatively small. Based on this conclusion, different layer segments can be selected, and a table of the rate of change of the patterning period Δx can be created for the 450mm, 500mm, 650mm, 700mm, 800mm, and 1000mm segments. For any range, the closest rate table can be selected (for example, the 700mm table can be selected for 720mm). Based on the rate of change, the patterning period Δx of different cylindrical lenses at that distance can be calculated. According to the embodiments of the present disclosure, by establishing a mapping relationship between the image arrangement period change rate and each cylindrical lens at each preset viewing distance, and calculating the image arrangement period corresponding to each cylindrical lens at the real-time viewing distance based on the determined image arrangement period change rate and the mapping relationship between each cylindrical lens, the amount of calculated data can be greatly reduced and the data processing speed can be improved. In addition, this method can also effectively avoid the re-arrangement of the image due to slight jitter during human eye tracking, and is easy to implement on FPGA.

[0157] FIG. 7 schematically shows a flow chart of a method for controlling a stereoscopic display substrate according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0158] As shown in FIG. 7 , the control method includes operations S1 to S2 .

[0159] In operation S1 , a pattern arrangement period is determined according to a relative positional relationship among a human eye, a cylindrical lens array, and a display substrate, and according to a refraction condition of light emitted by the plurality of pixel units by the cylindrical lens array.

[0160] In operation S2 , the plurality of pixel units are controlled to periodically display the left-eye image and the right-eye image respectively according to the determined arrangement period.

[0161] In some embodiments of the present disclosure, the control method further includes: tracking the position of the human eye; and determining the relative position relationship between the human eye, the cylindrical lens array, and the display substrate based on the tracked position of the human eye.

[0162] The beneficial effects that can be achieved by the display device in the above-mentioned embodiment of the present disclosure are the same as the beneficial effects that can be achieved by the above-mentioned display substrate, and will not be described in detail here.

[0163] The display device can be any device that displays an image, whether in motion (e.g., video) or stationary (e.g., still image), and whether textual or graphic. More specifically, it is contemplated that the embodiments may be implemented in or associated with a variety of electronic devices, such as, but not limited to, mobile phones, wireless devices, personal data assistants (PDAs), handheld or portable computers, GPS receivers / navigators, cameras, MP4 video players, camcorders, game consoles, watches, clocks, calculators, television monitors, flat-panel displays, computer monitors, automotive displays (e.g., speedometer displays, etc.), navigation systems, cockpit controls and / or displays, displays of camera views (e.g., displays of rearview cameras in vehicles), electronic photographs, electronic billboards or signs, projectors, architectural structures, packaging, and aesthetic structures (e.g., displays of images of a piece of jewelry), and the like.

[0164] Although some embodiments of the present general inventive concept have been illustrated and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present general inventive concept, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A stereoscopic display device, wherein: The stereoscopic display device comprises: A display substrate, the display substrate comprising a base substrate and a plurality of pixel units disposed on the base substrate, the plurality of pixel units being arranged in an array in a first direction and a second direction, wherein the first direction and the second direction intersect; a cylindrical lens array, wherein the cylindrical lens array is located on the light-emitting side of the display substrate; and A controller is configured to: determine an image arrangement period according to a relative positional relationship among a human eye, a cylindrical lens array, and a display substrate, and according to a refraction of light emitted by the plurality of pixel units by the cylindrical lens array; and control the plurality of pixel units to periodically display a left-eye image and a right-eye image according to the determined image arrangement period.

2. The stereoscopic display device according to claim 1, wherein: The cylindrical lens array includes a plurality of cylindrical lenses arranged along a first direction; The same design point on the same cylindrical lens corresponds to a first light exit point and a second light exit point on the light exit surface of the display substrate, respectively, wherein light emitted from the first light exit point is incident on the design point and can enter the human eye after being refracted by the cylindrical lens, and the second light exit point, the design point and the human eye are located on the same straight line; and The controller is configured to: determine the pattern arrangement period so that the distance between the first light exit point and the second light exit point in the first direction is less than or equal to a specified value, so as to avoid crosstalk between images displayed by two adjacent pattern arrangement units, wherein the pattern arrangement unit includes at least one pixel unit displaying a left eye image or a right eye image, and a plurality of the pattern arrangement units are periodically arranged in the first direction with the pattern arrangement period as a period.

3. The stereoscopic display device according to claim 2, wherein: The controller is configured to determine a plurality of pattern arrangement periods, the cylindrical lens array includes a plurality of cylindrical lenses arranged along a first direction, and the plurality of pattern arrangement periods correspond one-to-one to the plurality of cylindrical lenses; and The pattern arrangement periods corresponding to at least two cylindrical lenses are different.

4. The stereoscopic display device according to claim 3, wherein: The plurality of cylindrical lenses include a central cylindrical lens, a left cylindrical lens and a right cylindrical lens, wherein the central cylindrical lens is a cylindrical lens for human eyes, and the left cylindrical lens and the right cylindrical lens are two cylindrical lenses closest to the edge of the display substrate in the first direction respectively; as well as The arrangement periods corresponding to the cylindrical lenses in the first group of cylindrical lenses are different from each other, and / or the arrangement periods corresponding to the cylindrical lenses in the second group of cylindrical lenses are different from each other, wherein the first group of cylindrical lenses includes cylindrical lenses arranged continuously in the first direction from the central cylindrical lens to the left cylindrical lens, and the second group of cylindrical lenses includes cylindrical lenses arranged continuously in the first direction from the central cylindrical lens to the right cylindrical lens.

5. The stereoscopic display device according to claim 4, wherein: The pattern arrangement period corresponding to each cylindrical lens in the first group of cylindrical lenses changes linearly and continuously, and / or the pattern arrangement period corresponding to each cylindrical lens in the second group of cylindrical lenses changes linearly and continuously.

6. The stereoscopic display device according to claim 5, wherein: The pattern arrangement period corresponding to each cylindrical lens in the first group of cylindrical lenses decreases linearly, and / or the pattern arrangement period corresponding to each cylindrical lens in the second group of cylindrical lenses decreases linearly.

7. The stereoscopic display device according to claim 4, wherein: The pattern arrangement period corresponding to each cylindrical lens in the first group of cylindrical lenses changes continuously and nonlinearly, and / or the pattern arrangement period corresponding to each cylindrical lens in the second group of cylindrical lenses changes continuously and nonlinearly.

8. The stereoscopic display device according to claim 7, wherein: The pattern arrangement period corresponding to each cylindrical lens in the first group of cylindrical lenses decreases nonlinearly, and / or the pattern arrangement period corresponding to each cylindrical lens in the second group of cylindrical lenses decreases nonlinearly.

9. The stereoscopic display device according to claim 2, wherein: The controller is configured to determine a plurality of pattern arrangement periods, the cylindrical lens array includes a plurality of cylindrical lenses arranged along a first direction, and the plurality of pattern arrangement periods correspond one-to-one to the plurality of cylindrical lenses; and The pattern arrangement periods corresponding to at least two cylindrical lenses are the same.

10. The stereoscopic display device according to claim 9, wherein: The pattern arrangement periods corresponding to the cylindrical lenses are the same.

11. The stereoscopic display device according to claim 9, wherein: The pattern arrangement period corresponding to each cylindrical lens is smaller than the pattern arrangement period determined by formula (1): Among them, E z is the viewing distance between the human eye and the stereoscopic display device, P is the pitch of adjacent cylindrical lenses, and h is the equivalent air distance between the cylindrical lens and the display unit.

12. The stereoscopic display device according to claim 9, wherein: The plurality of cylindrical lenses include a central cylindrical lens, a first intermediate cylindrical lens, a second intermediate cylindrical lens, a left cylindrical lens and a right cylindrical lens, wherein the central cylindrical lens is a cylindrical lens for human eyes, the left cylindrical lens and the right cylindrical lens are respectively two cylindrical lenses closest to the edge of the display substrate in the first direction, the first intermediate cylindrical lens and the second intermediate cylindrical lens are respectively located on both sides of the central cylindrical lens, the first intermediate cylindrical lens is located between the central cylindrical lens and the left cylindrical lens, and the second intermediate cylindrical lens is located between the central cylindrical lens and the right cylindrical lens; as well as The image arrangement period corresponding to each cylindrical lens in the first group of cylindrical lenses is the first image arrangement period, and the image arrangement period corresponding to each cylindrical lens in the second group of cylindrical lenses is the second image arrangement period, wherein the first image arrangement period is different from the second image arrangement period, the first group of cylindrical lenses includes each cylindrical lens arranged continuously in the first direction from the first intermediate cylindrical lens to the second intermediate cylindrical lens, and the second group of cylindrical lenses includes each cylindrical lens arranged continuously in the first direction from the first intermediate cylindrical lens to the left cylindrical lens and each cylindrical lens arranged continuously in the first direction from the second intermediate cylindrical lens to the right cylindrical lens.

13. The stereoscopic display device according to claim 12, wherein: The first image arrangement period is greater than the second image arrangement period.

14. The stereoscopic display device according to claim 13, wherein: The display device further includes: an eye tracking module, configured to track the position of the eye; The controller is further configured to determine the relative position relationship between the human eye, the cylindrical lens array and the display substrate according to the tracked position of the human eye.

15. The stereoscopic display device according to claim 14, wherein: The controller is also configured to: Determine the image arrangement period and the image arrangement period change rate at multiple preset viewing distances respectively; Establishing a mapping relationship between the image arrangement period change rate and each cylindrical lens at each preset viewing distance; Obtain the position of human eyes in real time to determine the real-time viewing distance; Determine the mapping relationship between the image arrangement periodic change rate and each cylindrical lens at a preset viewing distance closest to the determined real-time viewing distance as the mapping relationship between the image arrangement periodic change rate and each cylindrical lens at the real-time viewing distance; as well as According to the determined image arrangement period change rate at the real-time viewing distance and the mapping relationship between each cylindrical lens, the image arrangement period corresponding to each cylindrical lens at the real-time viewing distance is calculated.

16. The stereoscopic display device according to claim 5 or 6, wherein: The pattern arrangement period corresponding to each cylindrical lens in the first group of cylindrical lenses is linearly negatively correlated with the first distance, wherein the first distance is the distance between each cylindrical lens in the first group of cylindrical lenses and the central cylindrical lens; and / or, The pattern arrangement period corresponding to each cylindrical lens in the second group of cylindrical lenses is linearly negatively correlated with the second distance, wherein the second distance is the distance between each cylindrical lens in the second group of cylindrical lenses and the central cylindrical lens.

17. The stereoscopic display device according to claim 16, wherein: The linear correlation determined by the controller satisfies the following formula: Among them, α is the correction coefficient, Δx min is the pattern arrangement period corresponding to the maximum allowable pitch of the cylindrical lenses, and k is the number of the first group of cylindrical lenses or the second group of cylindrical lenses from the central cylindrical lens.

18. The stereoscopic display device according to claim 7 or 8, wherein: The pattern arrangement period corresponding to each cylindrical lens in the first group of cylindrical lenses is the pitch of two pattern arrangement units corresponding to two adjacent cylindrical lenses; and / or, The pattern arrangement period corresponding to each cylindrical lens in the second group of cylindrical lenses is the pitch of two pattern arrangement units corresponding to two adjacent cylindrical lenses.

19. The stereoscopic display device according to claim 18, wherein: The pattern arrangement period corresponding to each cylindrical lens in the first group of cylindrical lenses and / or the pattern arrangement period corresponding to each cylindrical lens in the second group of cylindrical lenses satisfies the following formula: Δx=y k (k)-y k (k-1) Wherein, P is the pitch of adjacent cylindrical lenses, h is the equivalent air distance between the cylindrical lens and the display unit, n is the ratio of the refractive index n2 of the cylindrical lens to the refractive index n1 of the first medium layer, and E x is the distance between the human eye and the central cylindrical lens in the first direction.

20. The stereoscopic display device according to claim 13, wherein: The distance y between the first light-emitting point corresponding to the design point of the cylindrical lens and the central cylindrical lens k Satisfies the following formula: k (k) = k × P + hn tan θ2 Among them, θ2 represents the angle between the light ray and the normal line in the cylindrical lens.

21. The stereoscopic display device according to claim 20, wherein: The distance y between the second light-emitting point corresponding to the design point of the cylindrical lens and the central cylindrical lens no Satisfies the following formula: no (k) = (k-1) × Δx + E x modΔx;E x >0 y no (k) = k × Δx + E x modΔx;E x <0 Among them, E x is the distance between the human eye and the central cylindrical lens in the first direction.

22. The stereoscopic display device according to claim 21, wherein: The distance between the first light exit point corresponding to the design point of the cylindrical lens and the central cylindrical lens and the first pattern period Δx1 of the first group of cylindrical lenses and the second pattern period Δx2 of the second group of cylindrical lenses satisfy the following formula: Wherein, M is the specified value, k max is the number of cylindrical lenses from the central cylindrical lens to the first intermediate cylindrical lens or the second intermediate cylindrical lens, Δx1 is the pattern arrangement period corresponding to the first group of cylindrical lenses, and Δx2 is the pattern arrangement period corresponding to the second group of cylindrical lenses.

23. A control method for a stereoscopic display device, the stereoscopic display device comprising: A display substrate, the display substrate comprising a base substrate and a plurality of pixel units arranged on the base substrate, the plurality of pixel units being arranged in an array in a first direction and a second direction, wherein the first direction and the second direction intersect; a cylindrical lens array, the cylindrical lens array being located on a light-emitting side of the display substrate, wherein the control method comprises: Determining a pattern arrangement period according to a relative positional relationship among a human eye, a cylindrical lens array, and a display substrate, and according to a refraction condition of light emitted by the plurality of pixel units by the cylindrical lens array; and The plurality of pixel units are controlled to periodically display the left-eye image and the right-eye image respectively according to the determined image arrangement period.

24. The control method according to claim 23, further comprising: Tracking the position of human eyes; as well as According to the tracked position of the human eye, the relative position relationship between the human eye, the cylindrical lens array and the display substrate is determined.

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