A blueberry shaping pruning method and auxiliary tool

Abstract

The application discloses a blueberry shaping pruning method and an auxiliary tool, relates to the technical field of blueberry planting, and comprises the following steps: S1, pruning: the pruning time of the blueberry tree is before mid-July, and unnecessary branches are pruned; S2, shortening: the blueberries in different situations are subjected to shortening treatment, and the later growth of the blueberries is improved; S3, protection: the auxiliary tool is used to uniformly apply protective liquid to the pruned branches; and S4, later treatment: water and fertilizer are supplied to the pruned branches, and the growth of the branches is promoted.The application improves the ventilation and light penetration effect of the blueberries, greatly improves the yield and quality of the blueberries, and in the pruning process, the protective liquid can be uniformly applied to the branch wounds according to the thickness of the blueberry branches, so that the step of additionally applying the protective liquid is not needed, the workload of applying the protective liquid to the pruning surfaces in the later period is effectively reduced, and the pruning and protection work efficiency is improved by more than 50%.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of blueberry cultivation, in particular to a blueberry shaping and pruning method and an auxiliary tool. BACKGROUND

[0002] Blueberry is a perennial deciduous shrub of the genus Vaccinium in the family Ericaceae. Its fruit is rich in functional ingredients such as anthocyanins, flavonoids, and vitamins. It has the effects of improving immunity, delaying aging, protecting vision, enhancing heart function, preventing cardiovascular diseases, and resisting tumors. It is deeply loved by consumers and has a high price. In recent years, to meet the needs of consumers, the area of blueberry planting has been expanding year by year. Pruning technology, as the core of cultivation technology, determines the yield and quality of blueberries. Proper pruning methods and auxiliary tools can effectively improve the yield and quality of blueberries.

[0003] In the prior art, in order to promote the healing of the wound of the branch, a protective liquid is often applied to the surface of the blueberry during pruning. However, pruning and protection treatment need to be operated separately, which makes the application of the protective liquid after pruning more cumbersome. SUMMARY

[0004] The technical scheme of the present application provides a solution significantly different from the prior art to solve the problem of the lack of existing blueberry pruning technology and the need for additional application of a protective liquid after pruning.

[0005] The technical scheme of the present application provides a solution significantly different from the prior art to solve the problem of the lack of existing blueberry pruning technology and the need for additional application of a protective liquid after pruning.

[0006] S1, pruning stage: the pruning time of the blueberry tree is before mid-July, and unnecessary branches are pruned, S2, shortening stage: the blueberry in different situations is subjected to shortening treatment to improve the later growth of the blueberry;

[0007] S3, protection stage: the auxiliary tool is used to uniformly apply a protective liquid to the pruned branches;

[0008] S4, post-treatment stage: water and fertilizer are supplied to the pruned plants to promote the growth of the branches.

[0009] When pruning the blueberry nursery plants, the auxiliary tool is used to prune the fruiting branches, weak branches, and diseased branches in sequence, reduce nutrient consumption, and then perform shortening treatment. When shortening, the shortening length is at least one-half, 3-4 bud points are retained, and 3-4 main stems are retained. If there are only 2 main stems, the upper thick branches are retained. After pruning, growth-type fertilizer is applied within 3-5 days to promote growth, and the control of diseases and pests such as leaf roller, thrips, and aphids is performed during the new shoot growth period.

[0010] In the pruning of blueberry home potted plants, the weak branches at the bottom and the fruiting branches are cut off by light cutting with auxiliary tools. The cutting is divided into pulling and not pulling. When pulling, the first branches are pulled flat around, and the side buds growing upward on the first branches are cut off by one third. When not pulling, the top of the whole plant is cut off. In high temperature conditions, one branch is appropriately retained without pruning, and after the other side buds are emitted, the retained branch is pruned. During the pruning process, the shape of high in the middle and low around is maintained, and water control treatment is carried out before pruning.

[0011] In S1 and S2 stages, the branches growing towards the inside of the plant are pruned by auxiliary tools, the branches and leaves within 10-15 cm from the root of the main stem are pruned, the branches and leaves within 10 cm from the base of the first branches are pruned, and the branches and leaves within 5 cm from the base of the second branches are pruned, so as to ensure the ventilation and light transmission inside the plant and promote the growth of bud eyes of the whole plant.

[0012] The protective liquid composition in step S3 is composed of water, polyvinyl alcohol, lime sulfur mixture, pure acrylic emulsion, tree wax, antibiotic and vegetable oil.

[0013] Further, an auxiliary tool for blueberry shaping and pruning method comprises handles and connecting rods, rotating shafts are arranged between the connecting rods, characterized in that it further comprises pruning heads for shearing branches, automatic smearing mechanisms for surface treatment of pruned branches, and adjusting mechanisms for adjusting the amount of liquid output of the automatic smearing mechanisms, the pruning heads are divided into first heads and second heads, the first heads and the second heads are hollow, and the inner sides of the first heads and the second heads are provided with automatic smearing mechanisms.

[0014] Further, the automatic smearing mechanisms comprise a plurality of matching grooves, the matching grooves are arranged at the pruning surfaces of the first heads and the second heads, a plurality of liquid permeation holes are arranged in the matching grooves, a plurality of brushes are arranged in the matching grooves, the brushes and the liquid permeation holes are arranged in a staggered manner, and the lengths of the brushes are greater than the depths of the matching grooves.

[0015] Further, the adjusting mechanisms comprise a sprinkling can assembly, the sprinkling can assembly is arranged between the two handles, a fixed plate is arranged in the sprinkling can head of the sprinkling can assembly, a matching head is arranged on the sprinkling can head, the matching head is in contact with the upper handle, an adjusting plate is arranged at the bottom of the matching head, a connecting spring is arranged between the adjusting plate and the fixed plate, the sprinkling can head is connected with the first heads and the second heads through a connecting pipe, an adjusting box is arranged on the handle, a liquid delivery pipe is arranged between the adjusting box and the sprinkling can head, the liquid delivery pipe is located between the fixed plate and the adjusting plate, a pressing plate is arranged in the adjusting box, and a threaded head is arranged on one side of the pressing plate.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the beneficial effects that:

[0017] By means of the automatic liquid outlet mechanism, when pruning is performed with the pruning shears, the sheared surface of the pruned branches can be coated with the protective liquid at the same time, so that the pruning protection is completed at one time. In the prior art, the protective liquid is coated on the sheared surface of the branches one by one after pruning is completed. However, the blueberry branches are generally relatively thin, which results in complicated coating work and poor coating effect. In the process of operation of the auxiliary tool of the present application, no additional action is required, and the coating work of the protective liquid can be completed only by the pressing action during pruning. Meanwhile, the automatic liquid outlet mechanism will only discharge the protective liquid when the shears are pruning, and will not discharge the protective liquid when the shears are not pruning, so as to avoid waste of the protective liquid and contamination of the environment around the shears.

[0018] Meanwhile, the matching groove is arranged on the shearing surface of the shears, and the brush is arranged in the matching groove. The matching groove is arranged because the shearing surface of the shears and the sheared surface of the branches are closely attached during pruning. If the matching groove is not arranged, the protective liquid on the shearing surface of the shears will be scraped off by the sheared surface of the branches during pruning, so that a large amount of protective liquid is accumulated on the outer surface of the branches, and the sheared surface of the branches is not coated with the protective liquid. After the matching groove is arranged, the protective liquid is present on the brush in the matching groove, so that the protective liquid can be effectively coated on the sheared surface of the branches during pruning, and the coating effect is ensured.

[0019] Secondly, in the process of use, the auxiliary tool is used to prune the blueberries in two different cultivation modes. When the blueberries are cultivated by means of potting, the branches of the blueberries are generally thin, and are relatively easy to prune. However, for the blueberries cultivated in batches in a nursery or the like, the branches of the blueberries are generally thick. Therefore, the discharge amount of the protective liquid needs to be regulated.

[0020] In summary, the tool can be used to coat the protective liquid on the sheared surface of the branches while pruning the branches, so that no additional step of coating the protective liquid is required, the workload of pruning is effectively reduced, and the work efficiency is improved by more than 50%.

[0021] Meanwhile, the protective liquid can be uniformly coated on the sheared surface of the branches during coating, and the coating effect is ensured. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0022] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the following embodiment or prior art description will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only exemplary, and other drawings can be obtained by the provided drawings without creative labor for those skilled in the art.

[0023] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic view of the main body of the present application from the first perspective.

[0024] Figure 2 The second perspective structure schematic view of the main body of the present application;

[0025] Figure 3 The automatic smearing mechanism and the regulating mechanism structure schematic view of the present application;

[0026] Figure 4 The automatic smearing mechanism and the regulating mechanism structure schematic view of the present application; Figure 3 The enlarged structure schematic view of A in the present application;

[0027] Figure 5 The regulating mechanism structure schematic view of the present application.

[0028] Reference signs:

[0029] 1, handle; 11, connecting rod; 12, first cutter head; 13, second cutter head; 2, regulating mechanism; 21, connecting pipe; 22, fixed plate; 23, regulating plate; 24, matching head; 25, infusion pipe; 26, threaded head; 27, extrusion plate; 28, regulating box; 29, watering can assembly; 210, watering can head; 3, automatic smearing mechanism; 31, matching groove; 32, brush; 33, liquid permeation hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The technical solutions of the present application will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of, not all of the embodiments of the present application.

[0031] The embodiments described and shown in the drawings herein are generally arranged and designed in various different configurations. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed present application, but only represents selected embodiments of the present application.

[0032] Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0033] Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0034] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the terms “center”, “upper”, “lower”, “left”, “right”, “vertical”, “horizontal”, “inner”, “outer” and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and therefore cannot be understood as indicating or implying that the indicated device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present application. In addition, the terms “first”, “second”, “third” are only for the purpose of description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0035] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "mounting", "connection", "connecting" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be fixed connection, or detachable connection, or integrally connected; it can be mechanical connection, or electrical connection; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through intermediate medium, or internal communication of two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0036] The embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Figures 1 to 5 The embodiments of the present application provide a blueberry shaping pruning method, which comprises the following steps:

[0037] S1, pruning stage: the pruning time of blueberry tree is before mid-July, and unnecessary branches are pruned;

[0038] S2, shortening stage: shortening treatment is performed on blueberries under different conditions to improve the later growth of blueberries;

[0039] S3, protection stage: the cut surface of the pruned branch is uniformly coated with a protective liquid by using an auxiliary tool;

[0040] S4, post-treatment stage: water and fertilizer are supplied to the pruned plant to promote the growth of branches, and watering is appropriately controlled during the fruiting period, small water and frequent watering are required during the early fruit expansion period to promote fruit expansion, and watering is controlled during the later period to avoid water from causing fruit separation and rotting when the fruit is ripe, thereby affecting the quality of the fruit.

[0041] When the blueberry fruit enters the coloring period, the vegetative growth enters the vigorous period, and it is easy to appear the phenomenon of overgrowth of large branch new shoots and growth of multiple new branches at the base. For the large branch new shoots, shortening to 1 / 2-1 / 3 plays a role in controlling the growth and germination of secondary new shoots, and expanding the crown; for the new branches at the base, all the branches in the room are pruned, the weak branches outside the room are removed and the strong branches are left, and the strong branches are shortened or pinched in time according to their height. Blueberry pruning can stabilize and ensure the yield and quality of the current year, and lay a foundation for the yield and quality of the next year.

[0042] When the blueberry nursery plants are pruned, the branches with completed fruit, weak branches and diseased branches are pruned in turn by using an auxiliary tool to reduce nutrient consumption, and then shortening treatment is performed. When shortening, the shortening length is at least one-half, 3-4 bud points are retained, and 3-4 main stems are retained. If there are only 2 main stems, the upper thick branches are retained. After pruning, growth type fertilizer is applied within 3-5 days to promote growth, and the diseases and pests such as leaf roller, thrips and aphids are prevented and controlled during the new shoot growth period.

[0043] When pruning blueberry home potted plants, use light pruning with auxiliary tools to remove weak branches at the bottom and fruiting branches. Trimming can be done with or without pulling branches. When pulling branches, the first branches are pulled flat around the plant, and the side buds on the first branches are pruned by one-third. When not pulling branches, the top of the whole plant is pruned. In high-temperature conditions, one branch is appropriately retained without pruning, and after other side buds emerge, the retained branch is pruned. During pruning, maintain a shape with a high middle and low periphery. This way, the tree shape will be more rounded next year, and the fruit will be layered, with a top layer, a middle layer, and a bottom layer. Water control is performed before pruning, as pruning causes a sap flow. If the soil is too wet, it can infect the branches. In an open environment, avoid rain, as excessive rain can cause root rot. Blueberries have no main roots, so all roots are fine roots, and their water absorption capacity is insufficient during the summer rainy season.

[0044] During the S1 and S2 stages, prune the branches growing towards the inside of the plant with auxiliary tools, prune the branches and leaves within 10-15 cm from the root of the main trunk, prune the branches and leaves within 10 cm from the base of the first branches, and prune the branches and leaves within 5 cm from the base of the second branches to ensure ventilation and light penetration inside the plant and promote the growth of the entire plant bud.

[0045] Blueberry leaf buds sprout later than flower buds. When the top flower buds burst, the leaf buds begin to sprout, and during the fruiting period, new shoots also enter a rapid growth period. Therefore, the main task of pruning during the fruiting period is to thin the fruit and shorten the new shoots.

[0046] The protective liquid composition in step S3 consists of water, polyvinyl alcohol, lime sulfur mixture, pure acrylic emulsion, tree wax, antibiotics, and vegetable oil, with the weight percentage of each component being water: 78-89%, polyvinyl alcohol: 2-5%, lime sulfur mixture: 1-2%, pure acrylic emulsion: 3-5%, tree wax: 1-3%, antibiotics: 1-2%, and vegetable oil: 3-5%. Polyvinyl alcohol helps form a protective film on the plant surface, lime sulfur mixture and antibiotics are used for sterilization, insect control, and mite control, pure acrylic emulsion is used to enhance film formation and improve the durability of the coating, and water, tree wax, and vegetable oil act as solvents, wetting agents, thickening agents, or stabilizers.

[0047] Preparation of the protective liquid:

[0048] Preparation stage: Ensure that all raw materials are fresh and meet quality standards, and prepare mixing equipment such as stirrers, containers, and thermometers.

[0049] Mixing step:

[0050] Water preparation: Heat the water to an appropriate temperature to facilitate the dissolution of other components.

[0051] Dissolution of polyvinyl alcohol: Gradually add polyvinyl alcohol to warm water, continuously stir until completely dissolved.

[0052] Addition of lime-sulfur mixture: After dissolving the polyvinyl alcohol, slowly add the lime-sulfur mixture and continue stirring.

[0053] Mixing of pure acrylic emulsion: Gradually add the pure acrylic emulsion to the mixture and continue stirring.

[0054] Addition of tree wax, antibiotics and vegetable oil: After heating the tree wax and vegetable oil to a molten state, add them to the mixture and continue stirring.

[0055] Post-processing: After all ingredients are added, continue stirring to ensure uniform mixing. If the mixture is too thick or too thin, adjust the amount of water or the proportion of other ingredients as needed. Check parameters such as pH value and viscosity. Pour the mixed protective liquid into the spray bottle assembly 29 for storage and future use.

[0056] The application also provides an auxiliary tool for blueberry shaping and pruning method, comprising a handle 1 and a connecting rod 11, a rotating shaft is arranged between the connecting rod 11, a pruning cutter head for shearing branches, an automatic smearing mechanism 3 for surface treatment of the pruned branches, a regulating mechanism 2 for adjusting the liquid output of the automatic smearing mechanism 3, the pruning cutter head is divided into a first cutter head 12 and a second cutter head 13, the first cutter head 12 and the second cutter head 13 are in a hollow state, and the automatic smearing mechanism 3 is arranged on the inner side of the first cutter head 12 and the second cutter head 13.

[0057] The automatic smearing mechanism comprises a plurality of matching grooves 31, the matching grooves 31 are arranged at the pruning surface of the first cutter head 12 and the second cutter head 13, a plurality of liquid permeation holes 33 are arranged in the matching grooves 31, a plurality of brushes 32 are arranged in the matching grooves 31, the brushes 32 and the liquid permeation holes 33 are arranged in a staggered manner, and the length of the brushes 32 is greater than the depth of the matching grooves 31.

[0058] The control mechanism 2 comprises a watering can assembly 29 arranged between the two handles 1, a fixed plate 22 is arranged in the watering can head 210 of the watering can assembly 29, a matching head 24 is arranged on the watering can head 210, the matching head 24 is in contact with the upper handle 1, a control plate 23 is arranged at the bottom of the matching head 24, a connecting spring is arranged between the control plate 23 and the fixed plate 22, the watering can head 210 is connected with the first cutter head 12 and the second cutter head 13 through a connecting pipe, a control box 28 is arranged on the handle 1, a liquid delivery pipe 25 is arranged between the watering can head 210 and the control box 28, and the liquid delivery pipe 25 is located between the fixed plate 22 and the control plate 23, and a pressing plate 27 is arranged in the control box 28, and a threaded head 26 is arranged on one side of the pressing plate 27.

[0059] Working principle: when the branch is trimmed by using the auxiliary tool, at this time the operation principle is the same as that of the traditional trimming cutter, that is, by pressing the handle 1, the trimming cutter is driven to change position through the connecting rod 11, and then the shearing force of the first cutter head 12 and the second cutter head 13 is utilized to complete the trimming of the branch, during the trimming process, according to the need for trimming the blueberry branch, the threaded head 26 is rotated, since the threaded head 26 and the control box 28 are threadedly connected, the threaded head 26 can play a limiting role, and the pressing plate 27 and the control box 28 are sealingly connected, so as to drive the pressing plate 27 to displace, during the displacement of the pressing plate 27, the liquid in the control box 28 enters between the control plate 23 and the fixed plate 22 through the liquid delivery pipe, so as to achieve the effect of controlling the movable distance of the matching head 24, when the handle is pressed while the watering can assembly 29 is pressed, the matching head 24 will be pressed first, and will displace until the internal liquid cannot move, at this time the watering can head 210 of the watering can assembly 29 will start to displace, so that the displacement amount of the handle 1 is actually distributed by the displacement of the watering can head 210 and the displacement of the matching head 24, resulting in that different displacement amounts of the watering can head 210 can be obtained under the same pressing of the handle 1, so as to achieve the effect of controlling the extrusion amount, the extruded protective liquid enters the first cutter head 12 and the second cutter head 13 through the connecting pipe 21, and is exuded from the liquid permeation holes 33 of the first cutter head 12 and the second cutter head 13 to the brush 32, during trimming, since the matching groove 31 is inside the shearing surface of the first cutter head 12 and the second cutter head 13, the brush 32 will not contact the shearing surface until after shearing, so as to complete the automatic smearing of the shearing surface of the branch, compared with smearing after trimming, the workload of finding trimmed branches and smearing the shearing surface in the later period can be effectively reduced.

[0060] It should be noted that the above examples are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, and are not intended to limit the present application; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing examples, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing examples can be modified, or some or all of the technical features can be replaced by equivalents; and these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. A blueberry shaping and pruning auxiliary tool, comprising a handle (1) and a connecting rod (11), wherein a rotating shaft is provided between the connecting rods (11), characterized in that: It also includes a pruning head for cutting branches, an automatic smearing mechanism (3) for surface treatment of pruned branches, and a control mechanism (2) for adjusting the amount of liquid discharged by the automatic smearing mechanism (3), wherein the pruning head is divided into a first blade head (12) and a second blade head (13), wherein the first blade head (12) and the second blade head (13) are hollow, and the automatic smearing mechanism (3) is provided on the inner side surfaces of the first blade head (12) and the second blade head (13); The automatic smearing mechanism (3) comprises a plurality of matching grooves (31), the matching grooves (31) being provided on the trimming surfaces of the first blade head (12) and the second blade head (13), a plurality of liquid seepage holes (33) being provided in the matching grooves (31), and a plurality of brushes (32) being provided in the matching grooves (31), the brushes (32) being staggered with the liquid seepage holes (33), and the length of the brushes (32) being greater than the depth of the matching grooves (31); The regulating mechanism (2) comprises a spray pot assembly (29), the spray pot assembly (29) being arranged between two handles (1), a fixing plate (22) being provided in a spray pot head (210) of the spray pot assembly (29), a fitting head (24) being provided on the spray pot head (210), the fitting head (24) being in contact with one of the handles (1), a regulating plate (23) being provided at the bottom of the fitting head (24), and a space between the regulating plate (23) and the fixing plate (22). A connecting spring is provided, the spray can head (210) is connected to the first cutting head (12) and the second cutting head (13) via a connecting pipe, a regulating box (28) is provided on the handle (1), an infusion tube (25) is provided between the regulating box (28) and the spray can head (210), and the infusion tube (25) is located between the fixing plate (22) and the regulating plate (23), an extrusion plate (27) is provided in the regulating box (28), and a threaded head (26) is provided on one side of the extrusion plate (27).

2. A blueberry shaping and pruning method, using the blueberry shaping and pruning auxiliary tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Pruning: Prune blueberry trees before mid-July to remove unnecessary branches. S2. Truncation: Truncation is performed on blueberries according to different conditions to improve their later growth. S3. Protection: Use auxiliary tools to evenly apply protective liquid to the pruned branches; S4. Post-processing: Supply water and fertilizer to the pruned branches to promote branch growth.

3. A blueberry shaping and pruning method according to claim 2, characterized in that: When pruning blueberry nursery plants, use auxiliary tools to prune fruit-bearing branches, diseased branches, and thin branches in turn to reduce nutrient consumption, and then shorten them. When pruning is completed, apply growth-type fertilizers 3-5 days later to promote their growth, and prevent and control diseases and pests during the new shoot growth period.

4. The method for shaping and pruning blueberries according to claim 2, wherein: When pruning blueberry home potted plants with auxiliary tools, use light pruning to cut off the thin branches at the bottom and the branches that have borne fruit, and then shorten them. During the pruning process, keep the shape of high in the middle and low around, and control water before pruning.

5. The method for shaping and pruning blueberries according to claim 2, wherein: During step S1 and step S2, auxiliary tools are used to trim off branches growing toward the inside of the plant, trim off branches and leaves within 10-15 cm from the root of the main trunk, trim off branches and leaves within 10 cm from the base of the first-level branches, and trim off branches and leaves within 5 cm from the base of the second-level branches to ensure ventilation and light transmission inside the plant and promote the growth of buds of the entire plant.

6. The method for shaping and pruning blueberries according to claim 2, wherein: The protective solution in step S3 is composed of water, polyvinyl alcohol, lime-sulfur mixture, pure acrylic emulsion, tree wax, antibiotics and vegetable oil.

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