Stent implantable tracheal tube structure

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of support implantable tracheal catheter structure, comprising: for tracheal intubation catheter, expandable stent and guide wire;The outer diameter of the catheter conforms to the standard catheter outer diameter;Initially, the expandable stent is arranged in the compressed state in the catheter;The expandable stent clamps the guide wire, so that the guide wire drives the expandable stent to the outside of the catheter and is located at the front end of the catheter;When the expandable stent is expanded outside the catheter, the maximum inner diameter thereof is greater than the outer diameter of the catheter.The application can make the expandable stent coming out of the catheter larger to expand the narrow part of the trachea, expand the narrow part of the trachea to a suitable size, and guide the catheter at the rear end to pass through the narrow part, to successfully complete the catheter gas supply function.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of medical devices, and more specifically, relates to a stent-implantable endotracheal tube structure. Background Technology

[0002] In clinical practice, we frequently encounter patients with giant goiters, or large tumors in the thoracic cavity or mediastinum. These patients are often admitted to the hospital urgently due to respiratory distress, but tumor surgery cannot be performed immediately due to its complexity. Preoperative respiratory distress is extremely dangerous and requires urgent preoperative management, prioritizing the resolution of ventilation issues.

[0003] Emergency treatment involving ventilation is necessary for these patients with respiratory distress. Currently, there are two options:

[0004] (1) Invasive tracheotomy

[0005] Performing an emergency tracheotomy in cases of tumor compression carries significant risks. Without clear anatomical details of the neck structure, surgeons may be unable to choose a suitable incision site, potentially cutting into a large thyroid gland, causing massive bleeding, obscuring the field of vision, and making further procedures impossible. Alternatively, tumor compression may prevent successful insertion of the tracheostomy tube after the tracheotomy.

[0006] (2) Non-invasive endotracheal intubation

[0007] The anesthesiologist inserts a breathing tube into the compressed trachea to maintain ventilation. Compared to invasive surgery, endotracheal intubation is relatively safe in emergency situations, but it still carries significant risks. Patients with tracheal tumors have a high probability of developing tracheobronchial malformation (TAM) due to tracheal compression, and a diagnosis of TAM usually requires a series of medical examinations and evaluations. After successful intubation, the conditions for diagnosing TAM during surgery are no longer available; when the tumor is removed and the breathing tube is extubated, there is a high possibility that the tracheal lumen may collapse due to TAM, further compressing the airway space, causing the patient to experience respiratory distress again, and even endangering their life. Summary of the Invention

[0008] In view of the above-mentioned defects or improvement needs of the prior art, the present invention provides a stent implantable tracheal tube structure, which allows the expandable stent coming out of the tube to enlarge and thus open up the narrow part of the trachea, expand the narrow part of the trachea to a suitable size, and guide the breathing tube at the rear end through the narrow part to successfully complete the function of breathing cannula delivery.

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, according to one aspect of the present invention, a stent-implantable endotracheal tube structure is provided, comprising: a catheter for endotracheal intubation, an expandable stent, and a guidewire;

[0010] The outer diameter of the catheter conforms to the standard catheter outer diameter.

[0011] Initially, the expandable stent is arranged in a compressed state within the catheter;

[0012] The expandable support clamps the guidewire so that the guidewire moves the expandable support outside the catheter and is positioned at the front end of the catheter.

[0013] When the expandable support is expanded outside the catheter, its maximum inner diameter is greater than the outer diameter of the catheter.

[0014] Preferably, the implantable endotracheal tube structure has an expandable stent with inner and outer double layers, each layer having parallel mesh strips, and the inner mesh strips and the outer mesh strips are interwoven to form a mesh structure.

[0015] When the inner mesh of the expandable support is compressed and expanded, there are gaps between adjacent mesh strips to allow for air circulation.

[0016] Preferably, in the implantable endotracheal tube structure, the outer mesh of the expandable stent has gaps between adjacent mesh strips when it is compressed and when it is expanded to allow air passage; the expandable stent when expanded is a ring-shaped mesh frame.

[0017] Preferably, in the implantable endotracheal tube structure, the inner and outer mesh strips are cylindrical, and the intersection of the inner and outer mesh strips has a constriction. The length of the constriction limits the intersection angle of the inner and outer mesh strips. When the intersection angle is minimal, the expandable stent is in a compressed state, and when the intersection angle is maximum, the expandable stent is expanded to its maximum inner diameter.

[0018] Preferably, the stent implantable endotracheal tube structure has an expandable stent arranged in a compressed state within the tube, distributed within a cylindrical surface with a diameter D1≤3mm.

[0019] Preferably, in the stent implantable endotracheal tube structure, the diameter D2 of the guidewire is ≤1mm, and the guidewire is provided with graduations to facilitate the control of the depth of the tube insertion into the endotracheal tube.

[0020] Preferably, the implantable stent endotracheal tube structure further includes a wire feeding mechanism, an inflatable microtube, an expansion balloon, and a three-way connector, wherein:

[0021] The guide wire is mounted on the wire feeding mechanism for conveying the guide wire, and the inflatable microtube is fixedly connected to the guide wire;

[0022] The guidewire and the inflatable microtube pass sequentially through port I and port II of the three-way connector and enter the catheter so as to enter the trachea of ​​the human body. A rubber sealing ring is installed at port I of the three-way connector to seal the guidewire and the inflatable microtube at port I of the three-way connector and prevent gas from leaking from port I of the three-way connector. One end of the catheter is connected to port II of the three-way connector.

[0023] One end of the inflatable microtube is connected to the expansion airbag, so that when the expansion airbag moves to the narrow part in the trachea, air is inflated into the expansion airbag to expand the expandable stent, so that the expanded expandable stent opens up the narrow part in the trachea and releases the guidewire, so that the catheter can pass through the opened narrow part and facilitates the separation of the guidewire and the deflated expansion airbag from the expandable stent.

[0024] Preferably, in the stent implantable endotracheal tube structure, the expandable stent is made of shape memory metal;

[0025] The inflatable microtube includes a guide airbag and one end of an air supply tube connected to the guide airbag. The other end of the air supply tube is connected to the expansion airbag. A one-way valve is provided inside the guide airbag.

[0026] Preferably, in the stent-implantable endotracheal tube structure, the expanding airbag has a first-stage expansion state and a second-stage expansion state; when the expanding airbag is in the first-stage expansion state, the outer diameter of the expandable stent is the same as the outer diameter of the tube; when the expanding airbag is in the second-stage expansion state, the inner diameter of the expandable stent is larger than the outer diameter of the tube.

[0027] Preferably, the stent-implantable endotracheal tube structure further includes a wire feeding mechanism and a tee connector, wherein:

[0028] The guide wire is mounted on the wire feeding mechanism for conveying the guide wire;

[0029] The guidewire passes through ports I and II of the three-way connector in sequence and then through the catheter to enter the trachea of ​​the human body. A rubber sealing ring is installed at port I of the three-way connector to seal the guidewire at port I of the three-way connector and prevent gas from leaking from port I of the three-way connector. One end of the catheter is connected to port II of the three-way connector.

[0030] The expandable support is elastic. Initially, the expandable support is compressed and arranged inside the catheter, where it is bound by the catheter. The expandable support also clamps the guidewire so that the expandable support expands after being moved outside the catheter by the guidewire. This expands the narrow section of the trachea outside the catheter and releases the guidewire, allowing the catheter to pass through the narrow section of the expanded trachea and facilitating the separation of the guidewire from the expandable support.

[0031] Preferably, the stent implantable endotracheal tube structure includes an expandable stent comprising a compressible outer frame and a compression spring disposed within the outer frame, the compression spring being used to expand the outer frame after it exits the tube.

[0032] Preferably, in the stent implantable endotracheal tube structure, port III of the three-way connector is connected to a simple respirator.

[0033] In summary, compared with the prior art, the above-described technical solutions conceived by this invention can achieve the following beneficial effects:

[0034] 1) This invention provides a stent-implantable endotracheal tube structure. Initially, a guidewire and a compressible expandable stent are installed inside the tube. In cases requiring emergency intubation, such as in patients with large goiters or large thoracic or mediastinal tumors experiencing respiratory distress, the guidewire guides the expandable stent out of the tube and positions it at a narrow point in the trachea. A contracted expandable balloon, encased in the expandable stent, is then connected. Inflating the balloon expands the stent, widening the narrowed area of ​​the trachea to a suitable size, facilitating the passage of the tube and ensuring successful air delivery. Post-operatively, the tube, guidewire, inflatable microtubule, and deflated expandable balloon can be removed, leaving the expanded stent in the trachea. This prevents potential pathological collapse of the trachea due to tracheal cartilage softening, maintaining the trachea in an expanded state and ensuring normal breathing for the patient.

[0035] 2) The present invention provides a stent-implantable endotracheal tube structure. Initially, a guidewire and a compressible expandable stent are installed inside the tube. In cases requiring emergency intubation, such as in patients with large goiters or large thoracic or mediastinal tumors experiencing respiratory distress, the guidewire inside the tube guides the expandable stent out of the tube. The expandable stent, being elastic, automatically expands after exiting the tube and stops at a narrow section of the trachea, expanding the narrow section to a suitable size to facilitate the passage of the subsequent tube through the narrow section and smoothly complete the tube's air delivery function. Postoperatively, the tube and guidewire can be removed, leaving the expanded expandable stent in the trachea to prevent pathological collapse of the tracheal lumen due to tracheal cartilage softening, thus maintaining the trachea in an expanded state and ensuring the patient's normal breathing. Attached Figure Description

[0036] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the workflow of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 4 This is a partial side view of the expandable support of Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 5 This is a partial schematic diagram of the cross-section of the expandable support of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0041] In all the accompanying drawings, the same reference numerals are used to denote the same elements or structures, wherein: 1-wire feeding mechanism, 2-guide wire, 3-catheter, 4-expandable support, 41-inner layer of expandable support, 42-outer layer of expandable support, 43-constriction section, 5-inflatable microtube, 6-expanding airbag, 7-tee connector, 8-simple respirator, 9-trachea, 91-narrowing section. Detailed Implementation

[0042] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention. Furthermore, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of this invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0043] The stent implantable endotracheal tube structure provided by the present invention includes: a catheter for endotracheal intubation, an expandable stent, and a guidewire;

[0044] The catheter used for endotracheal intubation has an outer diameter that conforms to the standard catheter outer diameter.

[0045] Initially, the expandable stent is arranged in a compressed state within the catheter. To prevent the risk of chondromalacia, the stent needs to be accurately implanted at the narrowest point of the trachea where chondromalacia is most likely to occur. Therefore, the stent cannot increase the outer diameter of the catheter, and the outer diameter of the catheter must match the standard outer diameter of medical device catheters to avoid difficulties in intubation at sites with a low risk of chondromalacia due to an increased outer diameter, inaccurate stent placement, or failure of catheter insertion due to the need to withdraw the stent. The outer diameter of the catheter is between 2.0 mm and 10.0 mm, with the outer diameter of adult catheters between 7.0 and 10.0 mm, and the outer diameter of pediatric catheters between 2.0 mm and 7.0 mm. Preferably, the expandable stent arranged in a compressed state within the catheter is distributed within a cylindrical surface with a diameter D1 ≤ 3 mm.

[0046] The expandable support clamps the guidewire so that the guidewire moves the expandable support outside the catheter and is located at the front end of the catheter; the diameter of the guidewire D2 is ≤1mm, and the guidewire is provided with a scale to facilitate the control of the depth of the catheter insertion into the trachea.

[0047] When the expandable support is expanded outside the catheter, its maximum inner diameter is greater than the outer diameter of the catheter.

[0048] The expandable stent has inner and outer layers, each with parallel mesh strips. The inner and outer mesh strips are interwoven to form a mesh structure. When the inner mesh strips of the expandable stent are compressed and expanded, gaps exist between adjacent strips to allow airflow. Similarly, when the outer mesh strips of the expandable stent are compressed and expanded, gaps exist between adjacent strips to allow airflow. When expanded, the expandable stent forms a ring-shaped mesh frame. Endotracheal intubation requires a certain amount of time, during which time patient ventilation must be maintained as much as possible. Therefore, the trachea itself must not obstruct the airway or worsen the patient's condition. This invention uses an in-catheter stent structure to avoid inaccurate stent implantation due to an increased outer diameter of the catheter. However, it is also important to overcome the airflow obstruction caused by in-catheter stent placement. Therefore, in the preferred design, the inner layer of the stent is positioned between the outer layer and the guidewire. Since the outer layer of the expandable stent effectively resists lateral pressure, maintaining gaps between adjacent mesh strips in the inner layer ensures ventilation. This is especially important during implantation, when an expansion balloon may be used to control the expansion of the expandable stent. During expansion, the balloon causes a sharp increase in airflow resistance, and the process of adjusting the stent position during implantation may last for tens of seconds or even minutes. In such cases, the ventilation performance of the expandable stent is essential. Preferably, a ventilator is used for positivity ventilation to overcome airflow resistance, alleviate patient discomfort caused by intubation, and increase the success rate of intubation. Simultaneously, a similar design can be used for the outer layer of the expandable stent to improve ventilation performance. Specifically, when the outer mesh strips of the expandable stent are compressed or expanded, gaps exist between adjacent mesh strips to allow for ventilation. The expanded stent, when expanded, forms a ring-shaped mesh frame.

[0049] Example 1

[0050] Reference Figure 1 An implantable stent endotracheal tube structure includes a wire feeding mechanism 1, a guidewire 2, a catheter 3 for endotracheal intubation 3, an expandable stent 4, an inflatable microtube 5, an expandable balloon 6, and a three-way connector 7.

[0051] The wire feeding mechanism 1 is equipped with the guide wire 2 for conveying the guide wire 2. The diameter D2 of the guide wire 2 is ≤1mm. The gas-filled microtube 5 is fixedly connected to the guide wire 2. When the guide wire 2 moves, it can drive the gas-filled microtube 5 to move together. The wire feeding mechanism 1 can be an existing mechanism for conveying welding wire.

[0052] The guidewire 2 and the inflatable microtube 5 pass sequentially through ports I and II of the three-way connector 7 and enter the catheter 3 to enter the trachea 9 of the human body. A rubber sealing ring is installed at port I of the three-way connector 7 to seal the guidewire 2 and the inflatable microtube 5 and prevent gas leakage from port I. One end of the catheter 3 is connected to port II of the three-way connector 7. Ports I and II of the three-way connector 7 are preferably coaxially arranged to facilitate the movement of the guidewire 2 and the inflatable microtube 5. The centerline of port III of the three-way connector 7 is perpendicular to the centerlines of ports I and II. Port III of the three-way connector 7 is preferably connected to a simple respirator 8. By squeezing the breathing bag on the simple respirator 8, the chest rises and falls symmetrically, and auscultation is performed with a stethoscope to determine whether the end of the catheter 3 is correctly positioned in the trachea 9 before mechanical ventilation is initiated. The end of the guidewire 2 away from the wire feeding mechanism 1 is preferably a ball or round head to prevent cuts to the trachea 9 of the human body.

[0053] The expandable support 4, such as Figure 4 , Figure 5 As shown, it is made of shape memory metal. Initially, the expandable support 4 is arranged in a compressed state inside the catheter 3 and wraps the expansion airbag 6 and clamps the guide wire 2 so that the guide wire 2 can drive the expandable support 4 and the expansion airbag 6 to move to the narrow part 91 of the trachea 9 outside the catheter 3. The expandable support 4, which is arranged in a compressed state inside the catheter 3, is distributed in a cylindrical surface with a diameter D1≤3mm.

[0054] The expandable support 4 has inner and outer double layers, each with parallel mesh strips. The mesh strips of the inner layer 41 and the outer layer 42 are interwoven to form a mesh structure. When the inner layer 41 mesh strips are compressed and expanded, there are gaps between adjacent mesh strips for ventilation. Similarly, when the outer layer 42 mesh strips are compressed and expanded, there are gaps between adjacent mesh strips for ventilation. When expanded, the expandable support is a ring-shaped mesh frame. The inner layer 41 and the outer layer 42 mesh strips are cylindrical. The intersection of the inner layer 41 and the outer layer 42 mesh strips has a constriction portion 43. The length of the constriction portion 43 limits the intersection angle of the inner layer 41 and the outer layer 42 mesh strips. When the intersection angle is minimal, the expandable support 4 is in a compressed state. When the intersection angle is maximum, the expandable support 4 is expanded to its maximum inner diameter.

[0055] One end of the inflatable microtube 5 is connected to the expanding airbag 6. When the expanding airbag 6 moves to the narrow section 91 inside the trachea 9, air is inflated into the expanding airbag 6 to expand the expandable support 4. This expandable support 4 opens up the narrow section 91 inside the trachea 9 and releases the guidewire 2, allowing the catheter 3 to pass through the opened narrow section 91 and facilitating the separation of the guidewire 2 and the deflated expanding airbag 6 from the expandable support 4. The expanded support 4 in the expanded state is an annular mesh frame that provides 360° circumferential support to the trachea 9, and has a hollow inner cavity in the middle. This allows the guidewire 2 and the deflated expanding airbag 6 to be easily separated from the expandable support 4 and withdrawn.

[0056] Furthermore, the inflatable microtube 5 includes a guide airbag and one end of an air supply tube 9 connected to the guide airbag. The other end of the air supply tube 9 is connected to the expansion airbag 6, and a one-way valve is provided inside the guide airbag. The inflatable microtube 5 uses a conventional conduit 3 with a connecting pipe. When it is necessary to deflate the expansion airbag 6, the air supply tube 9 can be cut off.

[0057] Reference Figure 3 The following is an example of the use of a stent-implantable breathing tube with an expansion cuff 6:

[0058] 1) Insert the end of the breathing tube along the patient's alternative airway using the standard non-invasive endotracheal intubation procedure.

[0059] 2) If the tip of catheter 3 encounters a narrowing of the airway 91 caused by a patient with a giant goiter, a giant tumor in the chest cavity or mediastinum, and catheter 3 is difficult to insert further, then insertion of catheter 3 is suspended.

[0060] 3) Adjust the wire feeding mechanism 1 to the forward drive state to drive the wire forward.

[0061] 4) The wire feeding mechanism 1 drives the guide wire 2 to move forward and allows the end of the guide wire 2 to extend out of the catheter 3.

[0062] 5) Set the forward drive speed of the wire feeding mechanism 1 so that the guide wire 2 continues to extend forward and pass through the narrow part 91 of the air tube 9.

[0063] 6) Continue to drive the guidewire 2 to move with the expandable support 4, and the expandable support 4 comes out of the catheter 3.

[0064] 7) Under the observation of auxiliary equipment such as laryngoscope, the guide wire 2 is adjusted to move forward or backward through the wire feeding mechanism 1. The guide wire 2, with the expandable support 4, is in the narrow part 91.

[0065] 8) Inflate the expandable support 4 through the inflatable microtube 5 into the expandable airbag 6. The expandable support 4 then expands the narrow part 91 of the trachea 9. Continue inflating until the narrow part 91 of the trachea 9 is expanded to an inner diameter greater than the outer diameter of the catheter 3.

[0066] 9) Deflat the expansion cuff 6 to make way for the catheter 3, and then continue to advance the catheter 3 until the end of the catheter 3 reaches the predetermined position in the trachea 9.

[0067] 11) The wire feeding mechanism 1 is reverse driven to pull out the guide wire 2, the inflatable microtube 5 and the deflated expansion airbag 6.

[0068] 12) Normal air delivery via catheter 3.

[0069] 13) Start the surgical procedure normally.

[0070] 14) After the surgery, remove catheter 3.

[0071] 15) The expandable support 4 in the open state remains in the trachea 9.

[0072] 16) Depending on the subsequent inspection and assessment, it may be necessary to remove the expandable support 4 in its expanded state. If the assessment indicates that the support needs to be removed, the expandable support 4 in its expanded state shall be removed using micro pliers in accordance with standard procedures.

[0073] Example 2

[0074] Reference Figure 2 According to another aspect of the present invention, a stent-implantable endotracheal tube structure is also provided, characterized in that it includes a wire feeding mechanism 1, a guidewire 2, a catheter 3 for endotracheal intubation, an expandable stent 4, and a tee connector 7, wherein:

[0075] The guide wire 2 is mounted on the wire feeding mechanism 1 for conveying the guide wire 2;

[0076] The guide wire 2 passes through the I port and II port of the three-way connector 7 in sequence and then through the catheter 3 to enter the trachea 9 of the human body. A rubber sealing ring is installed at the I port of the three-way connector 7 to seal the guide wire 2 at the I port of the three-way connector 7 and prevent gas from leaking from the I port of the three-way connector 7. One end of the catheter 3 is connected to the II port of the three-way connector 7.

[0077] The expandable support 4 is elastic. Initially, the expandable support 4 is compressed and arranged inside the catheter 3 and is bound by the catheter 3. The expandable support 4 clamps the guide wire 2 so that the expandable support 4 is driven outside the catheter 3 by the guide wire 2 and expands, thereby opening the narrow part 91 of the trachea 9 outside the catheter 3 and releasing the guide wire 2 so that the catheter 3 can pass through the narrow part 91 of the opened trachea 9 and facilitate the separation of the guide wire 2 and the deflated expansion balloon 6 from the expandable support 4.

[0078] When expanded, the expandable support 4 has a double-layer mesh structure with gaps between adjacent mesh strips. The mesh strips of the inner layer 41 and the outer layer 42 are relatively fixed. In the compressed state, the expandable support 4 has gaps between adjacent mesh strips of at least the inner layer 41 to ensure that it still has its performance even under lateral pressure, and can be used in conjunction with ventilator for forward ventilation when necessary.

[0079] Furthermore, the expandable support 4 includes a compressible outer frame and a compression spring disposed within the outer frame. The compression spring is used to expand the outer frame after it exits from the conduit 3. After expansion, the outer frame forms a grid structure.

[0080] In summary, the expandable stent 4 at the compressed tip of the catheter 3 of the present invention can be made of shape memory metal or can be a stent in a compressed state that is bound by the catheter 3 (similar to myelin binding). The expandable stent 4 of the present invention can controllably expand at the narrowed portion 91 of the compressed trachea 9 and separate from the catheter 3 to form an implantable trachea 9 support.

[0081] When the airway tube is removed, the expandable stent 4 in its expanded state still remains in a location where tracheal chondromalacia 9 may occur. Further examination is needed before considering whether to remove the stent or maintain the stent implantation status.

[0082] Those skilled in the art will readily understand that the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A stent-implantable endotracheal tube structure, characterized in that, include: Catheters, expandable stents, and guidewires used for endotracheal intubation; The outer diameter of the catheter conforms to the standard catheter outer diameter. Initially, the expandable stent is arranged in the catheter in a compressed state, and the compressed expandable stent clamps the guidewire so that the guidewire moves the expandable stent out of the catheter and opens it so that the expandable stent is at the front end of the catheter. When the expandable stent is expanded outside the conduit, its minimum inner diameter is greater than the outer diameter of the conduit, so that the conduit can pass through the expanded stent in the expanded state. The expandable support has inner and outer layers, each with parallel mesh strips, and the inner and outer mesh strips are interwoven to form a mesh structure. When the outer mesh of the expandable support is compressed and expanded, there are gaps between adjacent mesh strips to allow for ventilation; when expanded, the expandable support is a ring-shaped mesh frame. When the inner mesh strips of the expandable support are compressed and expanded, there are gaps between adjacent mesh strips to allow for ventilation. The inner and outer mesh strips are cylindrical. The intersection of the inner and outer mesh strips has a constriction. The length of the constriction limits the intersection angle between the inner and outer mesh strips. When the intersection angle is the smallest, the expandable support is in a compressed state. When the intersection angle is the largest, the expandable support is expanded to have the maximum inner diameter.

2. The stent-implantable endotracheal tube structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, An expandable support, arranged in a compressed state within the conduit, is distributed within a cylindrical surface with a diameter D1 ≤ 3 mm.

3. The stent-implantable endotracheal tube structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The guidewire has a diameter D2 ≤ 1 mm and is marked with graduations to facilitate the control of the depth of the catheter insertion into the trachea.

4. The stent-implantable endotracheal tube structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a wire feeding mechanism, an inflatable microtube, an expansion airbag, and a tee connector, among which: The guide wire is mounted on the wire feeding mechanism for conveying the guide wire, and the inflatable microtube is fixedly connected to the guide wire; The guidewire and the inflatable microtube pass sequentially through port I and port II of the three-way connector and enter the catheter so as to enter the trachea of ​​the human body. A rubber sealing ring is installed at port I of the three-way connector to seal the guidewire and the inflatable microtube at port I of the three-way connector and prevent gas from leaking from port I of the three-way connector. One end of the catheter is connected to port II of the three-way connector. One end of the inflatable microtube is connected to the expansion airbag, so that when the expansion airbag moves to the narrow part in the trachea, air is inflated into the expansion airbag to expand the expandable stent, so that the expanded expandable stent opens up the narrow part in the trachea and releases the guidewire, so that the catheter can pass through the opened narrow part and facilitates the separation of the guidewire and the deflated expansion airbag from the expandable stent.

5. The stent-implantable endotracheal tube structure according to claim 4, characterized in that, The expandable support is made of shape memory metal; The inflatable microtube includes a guide airbag and one end of an air supply tube connected to the guide airbag. The other end of the air supply tube is connected to the expansion airbag. A one-way valve is provided inside the guide airbag.

6. The stent-implantable endotracheal tube structure according to claim 4, characterized in that, The expandable airbag has a first-stage expandable state and a second-stage expandable state; when the expandable airbag is in the first-stage expandable state, the outer diameter of the expandable support is the same as the outer diameter of the conduit; when the expandable airbag is in the second-stage expandable state, the inner diameter of the expandable support is larger than the outer diameter of the conduit.

7. The stent-implantable endotracheal tube structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a wire feeding mechanism and a tee connector, wherein: The guide wire is mounted on the wire feeding mechanism for conveying the guide wire; The guidewire passes through ports I and II of the three-way connector in sequence and then through the catheter to enter the trachea of ​​the human body. A rubber sealing ring is installed at port I of the three-way connector to seal the guidewire at port I of the three-way connector and prevent gas from leaking from port I of the three-way connector. One end of the catheter is connected to port II of the three-way connector. The expandable support is elastic. Initially, the expandable support is compressed and arranged inside the catheter, which binds it. The expandable support clamps the guidewire so that the expandable support expands after being moved outside the catheter by the guidewire, thereby opening up the narrow part of the trachea outside the catheter and releasing the guidewire, so that the catheter can pass through the narrow part of the opened trachea and the guidewire can be separated from the expandable support.

8. The stent-implantable endotracheal tube structure according to claim 7, characterized in that, The expandable support includes a compressible outer frame and a compression spring disposed within the outer frame, the compression spring being used to expand the outer frame after it exits the conduit.

9. A stent-implantable endotracheal tube structure according to any one of claims 4 to 8, characterized in that, The III port of the three-way connector is connected to a simple respirator.

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