Arrangement method of high and large space gas fire extinguishing system and high and large space gas fire extinguishing system

Abstract

The invention discloses a high and large space gas fire extinguishing system arrangement method which comprises the steps that a fire extinguishing protection area is divided into a plurality of spaces from top to bottom according to the height, and each space is independently provided with a gas fire extinguishing nozzle, a pipe network and a selection valve; a pipe network structure is arranged according to the fire extinguishing concentration and all-directional uniform concentration requirements; establishing a fire model according to the actual situation and the actual boundary of the protection area; simulating a fire extinguishing disposal process according to the fire model, and recording each time node of the fire extinguishing process; and judging whether the fire model is an effective model or not according to each time node. The space is divided in a layered mode from top to bottom, multi-layer pipe network arrangement is achieved, then computer numerical simulation is conducted, then a spraying strategy is optimized, the device adapts to the large space, reasonable arrangement is achieved, the fire extinguishing concentration is rapidly formed in the whole space, the uniformity of fire extinguishing agents in space distribution is achieved, and the optimal fire extinguishing opportunity is guaranteed. The invention further discloses the tall and large space gas fire extinguishing system applying the arrangement method of the tall and large space gas fire extinguishing system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of fire fighting facilities, and in particular to a method for arranging a gas fire extinguishing system for a large space. In addition, the present invention also relates to a gas fire extinguishing system for a large space using the above-mentioned method for arranging a gas fire extinguishing system for a large space. Background Art

[0002] For fire protection of large spaces, when using automatic sprinkler fire extinguishing systems for protection, there are problems such as the difficulty and high cost of installing pipe network nozzles in the shelves. Especially for the fire protection of large hazardous chemical warehouses, since there are many hazardous chemicals that react chemically with water and cause explosions or fires, the inert gas fire extinguishing system with more stable chemical properties is generally used for full flooding protection.

[0003] However, the volume of large spaces mostly exceeds the maximum volume recommended for gas fire extinguishing protection zones, and in this special scenario, it is impossible to meet the actual engineering needs. According to the basic principle of full flooding gas fire extinguishing, as long as sufficient fire extinguishing concentration is formed in the gas protection zone at the beginning of the fire, the fire can be extinguished by cooling, oxygen isolation, chemical inhibition, etc. Therefore, the key to the design of gas fire extinguishing projects lies in the following two points: First, quickly form a fire extinguishing concentration to prevent the fire from expanding and missing the best time to extinguish the fire; second, ensure that the concentration of the fire extinguishing agent in the protection space is uniform in all directions to ensure full flooding without dead ends.

[0004] In the prior art, in large spaces, due to the installation of a large number of equipment and other combustibles in the protection zone, the traditional "I-shaped" balancing pipe network needs to occupy the entire plane space and cannot be arranged. The nozzle installation height is too high, resulting in the release of the gas fire extinguishing agent. Under the nozzle working pressure specified in the specification, it is impossible to ensure that the entire space quickly forms a fire extinguishing concentration, which may lead to missing the best fire extinguishing opportunity; carbon dioxide fire extinguishing agent and heptafluoropropane fire extinguishing agent are heavier than air. Once released, they will gradually deposit at the bottom of the protection zone. However, when the space is too large, especially when the height is too high, the uneven spatial distribution of this fire extinguishing agent may make it impossible to ensure the fire extinguishing effect of full flooding, and some areas with low fire extinguishing agent concentration, especially the upper space, will not be able to ensure the fire extinguishing effect.

[0005] Therefore, how to provide a stable and efficient large space gas fire extinguishing system is a technical problem that technicians in this field currently need to solve. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a large space gas fire extinguishing system, which divides the space into layers from top to bottom, realizes multi-layer pipe network layout, and then optimizes the spraying strategy by computer numerical simulation, adapts to large spaces, arranges reasonably, quickly forms fire extinguishing concentration in the entire space, and realizes uniformity of fire extinguishing agent in spatial distribution, ensuring the best fire extinguishing time. Another purpose of the present invention is to provide a large space gas fire extinguishing system using the above large space gas fire extinguishing system layout method.

[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a method for arranging a gas fire extinguishing system in a large space, comprising the steps of:

[0008] The fire protection area is divided into multiple spaces from top to bottom according to the height, and each space is equipped with a gas fire sprinkler, pipe network and selector valve;

[0009] Set up the pipe network structure according to the requirements of fire extinguishing concentration and uniform concentration in all directions;

[0010] Establish a fire model based on the actual situation and the actual boundaries of the protection area;

[0011] Simulate the fire extinguishing process according to the fire model and record each time point of the fire extinguishing process;

[0012] Whether the fire model is a valid model is determined according to each time node.

[0013] Preferably, dividing the fire protection zone into a plurality of spaces from top to bottom according to height comprises the steps of:

[0014] The upper limit of volume and height of each space shall be specified according to the fire extinguishing concentration and uniform concentration requirements.

[0015] Preferably, simulating the fire extinguishing process according to the fire model and recording each time node of the fire extinguishing process comprises the steps of:

[0016] Record the time of fire occurrence, recorded as T0;

[0017] Record the time from the release of the fire extinguishing agent to the time when the entire space reaches the fire extinguishing concentration, recorded as Ta;

[0018] Record the time that the fire extinguishing agent concentration in all spaces is maintained above the fire extinguishing concentration, recorded as Tb;

[0019] Record the time required for each space to reach the fire extinguishing concentration as T1, T2, T3, and so on;

[0020] Record the extinguishing time of each fire point separately as Tm1, Tm2, ​​Tm3, and so on;

[0021] Determine whether Tm1, Tm2, ​​Tm3 and the time of each subsequent space are all less than the first preset time, and determine whether Tb is greater than the second preset time. If both judgment results are yes, the fire model is a valid model. If at least one of the two judgment results is no, the fire model is an invalid model.

[0022] Preferably, the method comprises the steps of:

[0023] The coordinates of the highest and lowest points of the fire extinguishing agent concentration in the entire space are Xa and Xb respectively, and the changes of Xa and Xb over time are recorded;

[0024] During the fire extinguishing process, the highest and lowest fire extinguishing agent concentrations in the entire space are recorded as C1 and C2 respectively.

[0025] Preferably, after determining that the fire model is an invalid model, the steps include:

[0026] Organize and implement physical fire tests, summarize the time required to reach the designed fire extinguishing concentration during successful fire extinguishing and the time it takes for the fire to be extinguished, and record them as Ts and Tm respectively;

[0027] Determine whether Ta exceeds Ts. If so, determine whether T1, T2, T3 and the time of each subsequent space exceed Ts. If so, adjust the nozzle and pipeline specifications of the corresponding space to increase the release amount of fire extinguishing agent per unit time;

[0028] Re-simulate the fire extinguishing process until the time of Ta, T1, T2, T3 and subsequent spaces are all less than Ts;

[0029] Determine whether Tb is less than the second preset time. If so, analyze the time-varying curves of Xa and Xb. According to the time-varying law of spatial concentration, at the time and space when the concentration is insufficient, open the gas fire extinguishing system of the corresponding space again to replenish the agent and adjust the fire extinguishing disposal model.

[0030] Resimulate the fire extinguishing process until Tb is greater than the second preset time;

[0031] Adjust an invalid model to a valid model.

[0032] Preferably, the method comprises the steps of:

[0033] Build a physical fire model or computer mathematical model based on the effective model, and verify the effective model through physical fire tests or computer simulation analysis results;

[0034] After verification, the pipe network and sprinkler layout are carried out according to the effective model.

[0035] Preferably, the first preset time is 1 minute, and the second preset time is 10 minutes.

[0036] Preferably, the step of setting up the pipe network structure according to the fire extinguishing concentration and the requirement of uniform concentration in all directions comprises the following steps:

[0037] The pipe network structure is an equal flow side wall type pipe network, which is arranged at the side wall position of the space.

[0038] The present invention provides a large-space gas fire extinguishing system, which uses a large-space gas fire extinguishing system arrangement method as described in any one of the above to set up a pipe network structure, wherein the pipe network structure includes a plurality of equal-flow side-wall pipe networks arranged in sequence from top to bottom, wherein the equal-flow side-wall pipe networks include a rectangular frame pipe close to the side wall of the space, wherein one end of the rectangular frame pipe is connected to a main pipe, and a plurality of nozzles are evenly arranged on the rectangular frame pipe.

[0039] Preferably, the diameter of the rectangular frame pipe gradually decreases from the main pipe position to the end of the pipe, and the opening area of ​​the nozzle located at the main pipe position to the opening area of ​​the nozzle located at the end of the pipe increases step by step.

[0040] The present invention provides a method for arranging a gas fire extinguishing system in a large space, comprising the following steps: dividing a fire extinguishing protection zone into a plurality of spaces from top to bottom according to height, and separately arranging a gas fire extinguishing nozzle, a pipe network and a selection valve in each space; setting a pipe network structure according to fire extinguishing concentration and requirements for uniform concentration in all directions; establishing a fire model according to actual conditions and actual boundaries of the protection zone; simulating a fire extinguishing disposal process according to the fire model, and recording each time node of the fire extinguishing process; and judging whether the fire model is a valid model according to each time node.

[0041] The space is divided into layers from top to bottom, and virtual space division is used for tall and large spaces, which are regarded as relatively independent spaces. Multiple sets of independent sprinklers, pipe networks, and selection valves are independently set up to implement a fire protection method that combines layering and integration, realize multi-layer pipe network layout, and then optimize the spraying strategy through computer numerical simulation to adapt to large spaces and reasonable layout, so as to quickly form fire extinguishing concentration in the entire space, realize the uniformity of fire extinguishing agent in spatial distribution, and ensure the best time to extinguish the fire.

[0042] The present invention also provides a large space gas fire extinguishing system using the above-mentioned large space gas fire extinguishing system layout method. Since the above-mentioned layout method has the above-mentioned technical effect, the above-mentioned large space gas fire extinguishing system should also have the same technical effect, which will not be introduced in detail here. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0043] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of a specific implementation of the large space gas fire extinguishing system provided by the present invention.

[0044] Among them, there are a rectangular frame pipe 1, a main pipe 2, and a nozzle 3. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] The core of the present invention is to provide a large-space gas fire extinguishing system, which divides the space into layers from top to bottom, realizes multi-layer pipe network layout, and then optimizes the spraying strategy by computer numerical simulation, adapts to large spaces, arranges reasonably, quickly forms fire extinguishing concentration in the entire space, and realizes the uniformity of fire extinguishing agent in spatial distribution, ensuring the best fire extinguishing time. Another core of the present invention is to provide a large-space gas fire extinguishing system using the above large-space gas fire extinguishing system layout method.

[0046] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solution of the present invention, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0047] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of a specific implementation of the large space gas fire extinguishing system provided by the present invention.

[0048] The specific implementation of the present invention provides a method for arranging a gas fire extinguishing system in a large space, which is characterized by comprising the steps of:

[0049] The fire protection zone is divided into multiple spaces from top to bottom according to the height. The tall space of the gas fire protection zone is virtually divided, mainly into multiple spaces from the height, such as the upper space, the middle space, and the lower space. In the engineering design, each space is considered as a relatively independent gas fire protection zone. When dividing the space, the requirements for the rapid formation of fire extinguishing concentration and uniform distribution of the fire extinguishing agent should be fully considered, and the volume and height upper limit of each space should be specified in the design method.

[0050] Each space is equipped with a separate gas fire sprinkler, pipe network and selector valve. When extinguishing a fire, the gas fire extinguishing start time of all spaces is the same. The pipe network structure is set according to the requirements of fire extinguishing concentration and uniform concentration in all directions; among them, uniform concentration in all directions refers to the uniform distribution of a certain fire extinguishing medium, usually a gas fire extinguishing agent, in the entire space when extinguishing a fire.

[0051] A fire model is established based on the actual situation and the actual boundaries of the protection zone; each divided space is set with fire points covering multiple positions such as top, bottom, left, right, edge, and center, and the fire model is established through simulation through program software.

[0052] The fire extinguishing process is simulated according to the fire model, and each time node of the fire extinguishing process is recorded; whether the fire model is a valid model is determined according to each time node. A valid model is an engineering design model that can extinguish a fire within the specified time through simulation and maintain a sufficient immersion time; conversely, an invalid model is an engineering design model that cannot extinguish a fire within the specified time through simulation and cannot maintain a sufficient immersion time.

[0053] The space is divided into layers from top to bottom, and virtual space division is used for tall and large spaces, which are regarded as relatively independent spaces. Multiple sets of independent sprinklers, pipe networks, and selection valves are independently set up to implement a fire protection method that combines layering and integration, realize multi-layer pipe network layout, and then optimize the spraying strategy through computer numerical simulation to adapt to large spaces and reasonable layout, so as to quickly form fire extinguishing concentration in the entire space, realize the uniformity of fire extinguishing agent in spatial distribution, and ensure the best time to extinguish the fire.

[0054] Specifically, simulating the fire extinguishing process according to the fire model and recording each time node of the fire extinguishing process include the following steps:

[0055] Record the time of fire occurrence, recorded as T0;

[0056] Record the time from the release of the fire extinguishing agent to the time when the entire space reaches the fire extinguishing concentration, recorded as Ta;

[0057] Record the time that the fire extinguishing agent concentration in all spaces is maintained above the fire extinguishing concentration, recorded as Tb;

[0058] Record the time required for each space to reach the fire extinguishing concentration as T1, T2, T3, and so on;

[0059] Monitor whether each fire point can be extinguished. If it can be extinguished, record the extinguishing time of each fire point respectively, and record them as Tm1, Tm2, ​​Tm3, and so on;

[0060] Determine whether Tm1, Tm2, ​​Tm3 and the time of each subsequent space are all less than the first preset time, and determine whether Tb is greater than the second preset time. If both judgment results are yes, the fire model is a valid model. If at least one of the two judgment results is no, the fire model is an invalid model.

[0061] Furthermore, the coordinates of the highest and lowest points of the fire extinguishing agent concentration in the entire space are Xa and Xb, respectively, and the changes of Xa and Xb over time are recorded;

[0062] During the fire extinguishing process, the highest and lowest fire extinguishing agent concentrations in the entire space are recorded as C1 and C2 respectively.

[0063] After determining that the fire model is an invalid model, it needs to be adjusted to make it a valid model, including the following steps:

[0064] Organize and implement physical fire tests, summarize the time required to reach the designed fire extinguishing concentration during successful fire extinguishing and the time it takes for the fire to be extinguished, and record them as Ts and Tm respectively;

[0065] Determine whether Ta exceeds Ts. If so, determine whether T1, T2, T3 and the time of each subsequent space exceed Ts. If so, adjust the nozzle and pipeline specifications of the corresponding space, increase the release amount of fire extinguishing agent per unit time to shorten the time for each space to reach the fire extinguishing concentration;

[0066] Re-simulate the fire extinguishing process until the time of Ta, T1, T2, T3 and subsequent spaces are all less than Ts;

[0067] Determine whether Tb is less than the second preset time. If so, analyze the time-varying curves of Xa and Xb. According to the time-varying law of spatial concentration, at the time and space when the concentration is insufficient, open the gas fire extinguishing system of the corresponding space again to replenish the agent and adjust the fire extinguishing disposal model.

[0068] Resimulate the fire extinguishing process until Tb is greater than the second preset time;

[0069] Adjust an invalid model to a valid model.

[0070] Build a physical fire model or computer mathematical model based on the effective model, and verify the effective model through physical fire tests or computer simulation analysis results; after verification, arrange the pipe network and sprinklers according to the effective model.

[0071] Among them, the first preset time is 1 minute, and the second preset time is 10 minutes. The time parameters can also be adjusted according to the situation, which is within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0072] Based on the large space gas fire extinguishing system arrangement methods provided in the above specific implementation methods, setting the pipe network structure according to the fire extinguishing concentration and the uniform concentration requirements in all directions includes the following steps: the pipe network structure is an equal flow side wall type pipe network, which is arranged at the side wall position of the space.

[0073] Specifically, the pipe network structure includes a plurality of equal flow side wall pipe networks arranged in sequence from top to bottom, and the equal flow side wall pipe network includes a rectangular frame pipe 1 close to the space side wall, one end of the rectangular frame pipe 1 is connected to the main pipe 2, and a plurality of nozzles 3 are evenly arranged in the rectangular frame pipe 1. No nozzles 3 are set in the middle of the entire protection area, and the distance between each nozzle 3 and the main pipe 2 is farther the closer to the end of the rectangular frame pipe 1.

[0074] Preferably, the diameter of the rectangular frame pipe 1 gradually decreases from the main pipe 2 to the end of the pipe, so that the pressure drop caused by the pipe resistance loss is smaller, the pressure difference between the front and rear end nozzles is minimized, and the working pressure of the nozzle 3 at the most unfavorable point also meets the requirements of the standard specifications. This is generally achieved by gradually reducing the pipe diameter. The opening area of ​​the nozzle 3 located at the main pipe 2 to the opening area of ​​the nozzle 3 located at the end of the pipe increases step by step, so that the nozzle 3 with a smaller working pressure adopts a larger opening area, and finally the flow rate of each nozzle 3 is basically kept consistent.

[0075] The above is a detailed introduction to the large space gas fire extinguishing system arrangement method and large space gas fire extinguishing system provided by the present invention. This article uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method of the present invention and its core idea. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, without departing from the principle of the present invention, the present invention can also be improved and modified, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for arranging a gas fire extinguishing system in a large space, characterized in that: Includes steps: The fire protection area is divided into multiple spaces from top to bottom according to the height, and each space is equipped with a gas fire sprinkler, pipe network and selector valve; Set up the pipe network structure according to the requirements of fire extinguishing concentration and uniform concentration in all directions; Establish a fire model based on the actual situation and the actual boundaries of the protection area; Simulate the fire extinguishing process according to the fire model and record each time point of the fire extinguishing process; Whether the fire model is a valid model is determined according to each time node.

2. The method for arranging a large space gas fire extinguishing system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fire protection zone is divided into multiple spaces from top to bottom according to the height, including the following steps: The upper limit of volume and height of each space shall be specified according to the fire extinguishing concentration and uniform concentration requirements.

3. The method for arranging a large space gas fire extinguishing system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The simulating the fire extinguishing process according to the fire model and recording each time node of the fire extinguishing process comprises the following steps: Record the time of fire occurrence, recorded as T0; Record the time from the release of the fire extinguishing agent to the time when the entire space reaches the fire extinguishing concentration, recorded as Ta; Record the time that the fire extinguishing agent concentration in all spaces is maintained above the fire extinguishing concentration, recorded as Tb; Record the time required for each space to reach the fire extinguishing concentration as T1, T2, T3, and so on; Record the extinguishing time of each fire point separately as Tm1, Tm2, ​​Tm3, and so on; Determine whether Tm1, Tm2, ​​Tm3 and the time of each subsequent space are all less than the first preset time, and determine whether Tb is greater than the second preset time. If both judgment results are yes, the fire model is a valid model. If at least one of the two judgment results is no, the fire model is an invalid model.

4. The method for arranging a large space gas fire extinguishing system according to claim 3, characterized in that: Includes steps: The coordinates of the highest and lowest points of the fire extinguishing agent concentration in the entire space are Xa and Xb respectively, and the changes of Xa and Xb over time are recorded; During the fire extinguishing process, the highest and lowest fire extinguishing agent concentrations in the entire space are recorded as C1 and C2 respectively.

5. The method for arranging a large space gas fire extinguishing system according to claim 4, characterized in that: After determining that the fire model is an invalid model, the method comprises the following steps: Organize and implement physical fire tests, summarize the time required to reach the designed fire extinguishing concentration during successful fire extinguishing and the time it takes for the fire to be extinguished, and record them as Ts and Tm respectively; Determine whether Ta exceeds Ts. If so, determine whether T1, T2, T3 and the time of each subsequent space exceed Ts. If so, adjust the nozzle and pipeline specifications of the corresponding space to increase the release amount of fire extinguishing agent per unit time; Re-simulate the fire extinguishing process until the time of Ta, T1, T2, T3 and subsequent spaces are all less than Ts; Determine whether Tb is less than the second preset time. If so, analyze the time-varying curves of Xa and Xb. According to the time-varying law of spatial concentration, at the time and space when the concentration is insufficient, open the gas fire extinguishing system of the corresponding space again to replenish the agent and adjust the fire extinguishing disposal model. Resimulate the fire extinguishing process until Tb is greater than the second preset time; Adjust an invalid model to a valid model.

6. The method for arranging a large space gas fire extinguishing system according to claim 5, characterized in that: Includes steps: Build a physical fire model or computer mathematical model based on the effective model, and verify the effective model through physical fire tests or computer simulation analysis results; After verification, the pipe network and sprinkler layout are carried out according to the effective model.

7. The method for arranging a large space gas fire extinguishing system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The first preset time is 1 minute, and the second preset time is 10 minutes.

8. The method for arranging a large space gas fire extinguishing system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The pipe network structure is set according to the fire extinguishing concentration and the uniform concentration in all directions, including the following steps: The pipe network structure is an equal flow side wall type pipe network, which is arranged at the side wall position of the space.

9. A large space gas fire extinguishing system, characterized in that: A pipe network structure is set up using the large space gas fire extinguishing system arrangement method as described in any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the pipe network structure comprises a plurality of equal flow side wall pipe networks arranged in sequence from top to bottom, wherein the equal flow side wall pipe network comprises a rectangular frame pipe (1) close to the space side wall, one end of the rectangular frame pipe (1) is connected to a main pipe (2), and a plurality of nozzles (3) are evenly arranged on the rectangular frame pipe (1).

10. The large space gas fire extinguishing system according to claim 9, characterized in that: The diameter of the rectangular frame pipe (1) gradually decreases from the position of the main pipe (2) to the end of the pipe, and the opening area of ​​the nozzle (3) located at the position of the main pipe (2) increases step by step to the opening area of ​​the nozzle (3) located at the end of the pipe.

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