Anti-icing and anti-skid composite coating and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of paint, in particular to an anti-icing and anti-skid composite paint and a preparation method thereof; the raw materials of the composite paint satisfy the following conditions in terms of mass fraction: silicate 25-35%, fluorine-containing silane organic matter 5-15%, composite nano metal particles 15-25%, alkaline component 0.5-2.5%, acidic component 1.0-3.0%, and the rest is organic solvent; the composite paint forms a composite coating with a complex surface structure with excellent anti-skid and anti-icing performances through the synergistic effect of the nano metal particles, the silicate, the fluorine-containing silane organic matter, the acidic component, the alkaline component and the organic solvent.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of paint, in particular to an anti-icing and anti-skid composite paint and a preparation method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] Super-hydrophobic coating refers to a composite coating with a static contact angle of water droplets greater than 150 degrees and a rolling angle less than 10 degrees, which has the functions of water-proofing, self-cleaning, anti-fouling, etc., and thus has a wide range of application scenarios. At present, super-hydrophobic coating is obtained by modifying a low-surface-energy component on a surface with micro-nano roughness or constructing roughness on a low-surface-energy surface, so as to make the solid surface have super-hydrophobic function. In the case that the solid surface has super-hydrophobic coating, based on the super-hydrophobic characteristics of the super-hydrophobic coating, when the water droplets slide off the solid surface, they will take away various powders adhered to the solid surface, thereby realizing the self-cleaning function.

[0003] However, most of the current super-hydrophobic coatings require a relatively smooth plane to ensure that the solid surface is in the best self-cleaning performance. However, for some special fields (such as hospital floors and climbing channels of high-altitude operating equipment), the coating needs to have certain anti-skid properties. In addition, in the aspect of power equipment, the coating also needs to have certain weather resistance, especially anti-icing performance. SUMMARY

[0004] The present application provides an anti-icing and anti-skid composite paint and a preparation method thereof, to solve the technical problem of how to simultaneously improve the anti-skid and anti-icing performance of super-hydrophobic coating.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present application provides an anti-icing and anti-skid composite paint, the raw materials of the composite paint satisfy, by mass fraction:

[0006] Silicate: 25% to 35%, fluorine-containing silane organic matter: 5% to 15%, composite nano metal particles: 15% to 25%, alkaline component: 0.5% to 2.5%, acidic component: 1.0% to 3.0%, and the balance is organic solvent; wherein the composite nano metal particles include nano iron oxide particles and nano titanium dioxide particles, and the nano titanium dioxide particles are used to promote the nano iron oxide particles and the silicate to form a complex gel system under the condition of the acidic component.

[0007] Optionally, the mass fraction of the nano iron oxide particles is 10% to 15%, and the mass fraction of the nano titanium dioxide particles is 5% to 10%.

[0008] Optionally, the particle size of the nano iron oxide particles is 30 nm to 50 nm, and the particle size of the nano titanium dioxide particles is 15 nm to 25 nm.

[0009] Optionally, the silicate comprises tetrabutyl orthosilicate and / or tetraethyl orthosilicate; and / or

[0010] The fluorine-containing silane organic matter comprises perfluorooctyltrichlorosilane and / or perfluorooctyltriethoxysilane; and / or

[0011] The basic component comprises at least one of the following: basic metal hydroxide, ammonia water and ethylenediamine; and / or

[0012] The acid component comprises tartaric acid and / or oxalic acid; and / or

[0013] The organic solvent comprises at least one of the following: ethanol, methanol and isopropanol.

[0014] In a second aspect, the application provides a method for preparing the composite coating of the first aspect, the method comprising:

[0015] Mixing the acid component, the nano iron oxide particles and the nano titanium dioxide particles to obtain an acid nano particle mixture;

[0016] Under the action of ultraviolet light of a preset light condition, performing an alkali-silicic acid reaction on the acid nano particle mixture, the basic component, the silicate and the organic solvent to obtain a crude nano particle dispersion liquid;

[0017] Performing aging treatment on the crude nano particle dispersion liquid to obtain a nano particle dispersion liquid;

[0018] Performing a surface modification reaction on the fluorine-containing silane organic matter and the nano particle dispersion liquid to obtain the composite coating.

[0019] Optionally, the preset light condition comprises a preset ultraviolet light wavelength and a preset light illumination time; the preset ultraviolet light wavelength is 200nm-300nm, and the preset light illumination time is 15min-25min.

[0020] Optionally, the alkali-silicic acid reaction is performed at a temperature of 45℃-65℃ for 30min-45min.

[0021] Optionally, the aging treatment is performed for 5d-7d; and / or

[0022] The surface modification reaction is performed by microwave heating, the surface modification reaction is performed at a temperature of 40℃-45℃ for 2h-5h.

[0023] In a third aspect, the application provides an anti-icing and anti-skid composite coating, raw materials of the composite coating comprising the composite coating of the first aspect.

[0024] In a fourth aspect, the application provides a method for preparing the composite coating of the third aspect, the method comprising:

[0025] subjecting the substrate to surface treatment to obtain a roughened substrate;

[0026] applying the composite coating of the first aspect to the surface of the roughened substrate by high-pressure spraying to obtain a composite coating.

[0027] The above technical solution provided by the embodiments of the application has the following advantages compared with the prior art:

[0028] The application provides a composite coating for preventing icing and skidding, which takes silicate as a main raw material. Under the action of an alkaline component, the silicate and the alkaline component will undergo an alkali-silicate reaction to generate silicon oxide. In this process, a composite nano-metal particle and an acidic component are added. Based on the large specific surface area characteristics of the nano-iron oxide particles and nano-titanium dioxide particles of the composite nano-metal particle, the specific surface area of the silicon oxide can be effectively increased to form nano-particles with large particle size and uniform dispersion. In addition, under the acidic environment formed by the acidic component, the nano-titanium dioxide particles will also catalyze the generation of strong oxidizing hydroxyl radicals. These hydroxyl radicals will participate in the alkali-silicate reaction to promote the formation of a complex gel system of the nano-iron oxide particles and the silicate under the alkaline environment formed by the alkaline component, so that composite nano-particles with a complex surface structure can be finally obtained. These composite nano-particles have a relatively rough surface, which can increase the skid resistance of the composite coating. In addition, these composite nano-particles can have strong hydrophobicity after being surface-modified by fluorine-containing silane organic matter, and can avoid ice and snow from covering the surface of the composite nano-particles by cooperating with the nano-iron oxide particles with high thermal conductivity, thereby improving the anti-icing performance of the composite coating. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0029] The drawings incorporated in the specification and forming a part thereof illustrate embodiments consistent with the present application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the application.

[0030] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the application or the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or prior art description will be briefly introduced as follows. Obviously, for those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can also be obtained from these drawings without any creative effort.

[0031] Figure 1 A transmission electron microscope image of a composite coating for preventing icing and skidding provided in Embodiment 1 of the application;

[0032] Figure 2A flow chart of a method for preparing a composite coating provided in an embodiment of the present application is shown in FIG. 1.

[0033] Figure 3 A flow chart of a method for preparing a composite coating provided in an embodiment of the present application is shown in FIG. 1.

[0034] Figure 4 A comparison of the composite coating formed in Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 of the present application after 2 days of the melting stage of the anti-icing experiment is shown in FIG. 2.

[0035] Figure 5 A photograph of the static contact angle of the composite coating formed by the composite coating provided in Example 1 of the present application and water is shown in FIG. 3. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical scheme of the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below in combination with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without any creative work fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0037] Various embodiments of the present application can exist in the form of a range; it should be understood that the description in the form of a range is merely for the convenience and brevity, and should not be understood as a hard limitation on the scope of the present application; therefore, it should be considered that the described range has specifically disclosed all possible sub-ranges and single values within the range; for example, it should be considered that the range description from 1 to 6 has specifically disclosed sub-ranges, such as from 1 to 3, from 1 to 4, from 1 to 5, from 2 to 4, from 2 to 6, from 3 to 6, etc., as well as single numbers within the described range, such as 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6, which applies to any range; in addition, whenever a numerical range is indicated in the present text, it refers to any cited number (fraction or integer) within the indicated range.

[0038] In this document, the terms "comprise", "comprising", "include", "including", "contain", "containing", "have", "having", or "comprised of" are used in their open-ended sense, and thus should be interpreted to mean "including, but not limited to". The terms "first", "second" and the like, as used in the description and the claims, do not imply any physical or logical relationship, but are used merely to distinguish one element from another. The term "and / or", as used in the description and the claims, should be interpreted to mean "both", "and / or" in the alternative (i.e., "either or both"). The terms "at least one", "one or more", and "multiple" are used interchangeably. The term "plurality" refers to two or more. The terms "at least one of", "one or more of", and "at least an item (or items) of" a set, refers to any combination of one or more from the set, including the single member (or item) of the set. For example, "at least one of a, b, or c" or "at least one of a, b, and c" can refer to only a, only b, only c, or any combination thereof. The term "parts" refers to the proportional relationship between components. In the proportional relationship described herein, the parameter that needs to be described by the proportion should be understood as the front item of the proportion formula in the order of description, and the proportion number should be understood as the rear item of the proportion formula. For example, the mass ratio of substance A, substance B, and substance C is 1:2:3, and substance A, substance B, and substance C should be corresponded to the proportion number one by one in the proportion formula in the order of description, i.e., the mass of substance A: the mass of substance B: the mass of substance C = 1:2:3.

[0039]

[0040] Unless otherwise specified, the various raw materials, reagents, instruments and equipment used in the present application can be purchased or prepared by existing methods.

[0041] Figure 1 A transmission electron microscope image of the anti-icing and anti-skid composite coating provided by the embodiment 1 of the present application is exemplarily shown;

[0042] As shown in Figure 1 The raw materials of the anti-icing and anti-skid composite coating provided by the present application satisfy, in mass fraction:

[0043] ​silicate: 25% to 35%, fluorine-containing silane organic matter: 5% to 15%, composite nano metal particles: 15% to 25%, alkaline component: 0.5% to 2.5%, acidic component: 1.0% to 3.0%, and the rest is organic solvent; wherein the composite nano metal particles include nano iron oxide particles and nano titanium dioxide particles, and the nano titanium dioxide particles are used to promote the nano iron oxide particles to form a complex gel system with the silicate under the condition of the acidic component.

[0044] It should be noted that the mass fraction of the silicate can be 25% to 35%, and the mass fraction of the alkaline component can be 0.5% to 2.5%, so that the composite coating has sufficient silicate and alkaline component, and the sufficient silicate can fully react with the alkaline component to generate sufficient silicon oxide; in addition, the mass fraction of the acidic component can be 1.0% to 3.0%, and the mass fraction of the composite nano metal particles can be 15% to 25%, so that the composite coating has sufficient acidic component and composite nano metal particles, and under the acidic environment condition formed by the sufficient acidic component, the nano titanium dioxide particles of the composite nano metal particles also catalyze the generation of strong oxidizing hydroxyl radicals, so that composite nano particles with complex surface structure can be finally obtained, and these composite nano particles have relatively rough surfaces, so that the anti-skid performance of the composite coating can be improved; in addition, the mass fraction of the fluorine-containing silane organic matter can be 5% to 15%, so that the composite coating has sufficient fluorine-containing silane organic matter, and the sufficient fluorine-containing silane organic matter can effectively modify the surface of the formed composite nano particles to effectively improve the hydrophobicity of the composite nano particles.

[0045] The mass fraction of the silicate can be 25%, 26%, 27%, 28%, 29%, 30%, 31%, 32%, 33%, 34%, or 35%.

[0046] The mass fraction of the alkaline component can be 0.5%, 1.0%, 1.5%, 2.0%, or 2.5%.

[0047] The mass fraction of the acidic component can be 1.0%, 1.5%, 2.0%, 2.5%, or 3.0%.

[0048] The mass fraction of the composite nano metal particles can be 15%, 16%, 17%, 18%, 19%, 20%, 21%, 22%, 23%, 24%, or 25%.

[0049] The mass fraction of the fluorine-containing silane organic matter can be 5%, 6%, 7%, 8%, 9%, 10%, 11%, 12%, 13%, 14%, or 15%.

[0050] In summary, the anti-icing and anti-skid composite coating provided by the embodiments of the present application has the preparation principle that through the synergistic effect of the nano metal particles, the silicate, the fluorine-containing silane organic matter, the acidic component, the alkaline component and the organic solvent, a composite coating with a complex surface structure and excellent anti-skid and anti-icing performance is formed. The coating not only has the characteristics of toughness and weather resistance, but also can significantly reduce the residence time of water droplets and ice crystals on the surface of the coating, thereby effectively preventing the occurrence of slipping and icing phenomena.

[0051] In some optional embodiments, the mass fraction of the nano iron oxide particles is 10% to 15%, and the mass fraction of the nano titanium dioxide particles is 5% to 10%.

[0052] In these embodiments, the mass fraction of the nano titanium dioxide particles can be 5% to 10%, so that the composite coating has sufficient nano titanium dioxide particles. The sufficient nano titanium dioxide particles can catalyze the generation of strong oxidative hydroxyl radicals in the acidic environment formed by the acidic component, and the hydroxyl radicals can promote the nano iron oxide particles and the silicate to form a complex gel system in the alkaline component, so that finally the composite nano particles with a complex surface structure can be obtained to increase the anti-skid performance of the composite coating. In addition, the mass fraction of the nano iron oxide particles can be 10% to 15%, so that the composite coating has sufficient nano iron oxide particles. The sufficient nano iron oxide particles can form a complex gel system with the silicate in the alkali-silicate reaction process, so that finally the composite nano particles with a complex surface structure can be obtained. In addition, the sufficient nano iron oxide particles can improve the thermal conductivity of the composite coating to improve the anti-icing performance of the composite coating.

[0053] The mass fraction of the nano titanium dioxide particles can be 5%, 6%, 7%, 8%, 9% or 10%.

[0054] The mass fraction of the nano iron oxide particles can be 10%, 11%, 12%, 13%, 14% or 15%.

[0055] In some optional embodiments, the particle size of the nano iron oxide particles is 30 nm to 50 nm, and the particle size of the nano titanium dioxide particles is 15 nm to 25 nm.

[0056] In these embodiments, the particle size of the nano iron oxide particles can be 30 nm to 50 nm, and the particle size of the nano titanium dioxide particles can be 15 nm to 25 nm, so that the nano iron oxide particles and the nano titanium dioxide particles have sufficient specific surface area, which is conducive to the formation of a complex gel system to form composite nano particles with a relatively rough surface, thereby increasing the anti-skid performance of the composite coating.

[0057] The nano iron oxide particles can have a particle size of 30 nm, 35 nm, 40 nm, 45 nm, or 50 nm.

[0058] The nano titanium dioxide particles can have a particle size of 15 nm, 16 nm, 17 nm, 18 nm, 19 nm, 20 nm, 21 nm, 22 nm, 23 nm, 24 nm, or 25 nm.

[0059] In some alternative embodiments, the silicate includes tetrabutyl orthosilicate and / or tetraethyl orthosilicate; and / or

[0060] The fluorine-containing silane organic matter includes perfluorooctyltrichlorosilane and / or perfluorooctyltriethoxysilane; and / or

[0061] The basic component includes at least one of the following: basic metal hydroxide, ammonia, and ethylenediamine; and / or

[0062] The acidic component includes tartaric acid and / or oxalic acid; and / or

[0063] The organic solvent includes at least one of the following: ethanol, methanol, and isopropanol;

[0064] In these embodiments, the silicate can include tetrabutyl orthosilicate and / or tetraethyl orthosilicate, the fluorine-containing silane organic matter includes perfluorooctyltrichlorosilane and / or perfluorooctyltriethoxysilane, the basic component includes at least one of the following: basic metal hydroxide, ammonia, and ethylenediamine, the acidic component includes tartaric acid and / or oxalic acid, and the organic solvent includes at least one of the following: ethanol, methanol, and isopropanol. Through the synergistic effect of the nano metal particles, the silicate, the fluorine-containing silane organic matter, the acidic component, and the basic component and the organic solvent, a complex gel system coating with excellent anti-skid and anti-icing performance is formed.

[0065] It should be noted that the basic metal hydroxide can be sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide.

[0066] Figure 2 An exemplary flowchart of a method for preparing a composite coating provided by an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0067] Based on a general inventive concept, an embodiment of the present application provides a method for preparing the composite coating, which includes:

[0068] S1. Mixing the acidic component, the nano iron oxide particles, and the nano titanium dioxide particles to obtain an acidic nano particle mixture;

[0069] S2. Under the action of ultraviolet light under preset illumination conditions, the acid nanoparticle mixture, the alkaline component, the silicate and the organic solvent are subjected to alkali-silicic acid reaction to obtain a crude nanoparticle dispersion liquid;

[0070] S3. The crude nanoparticle dispersion liquid is subjected to aging treatment to obtain a nanoparticle dispersion liquid;

[0071] S4. The fluorine-containing silane organic matter and the nanoparticle dispersion liquid are subjected to surface modification reaction to obtain a composite coating.

[0072] The method is for the preparation method of the composite coating, and the specific composition of the composite coating can refer to the above embodiments. Since the method adopts part or all of the technical solutions of the above embodiments, it at least has all the beneficial effects brought by the technical solutions of the above embodiments, which will not be repeated here.

[0073] It should be noted that, under the action of ultraviolet light under preset illumination conditions, the acid nanoparticle mixture, the alkaline component, the silicate and the organic solvent are subjected to alkali-silicic acid reaction to obtain a crude nanoparticle dispersion liquid. This step of reaction is to mix the acid nanoparticle mixture, the silicate and the organic solvent first to perform photocatalysis, and the photocatalysis time is the irradiation time of ultraviolet light. Then, the alkaline component is added to promote the alkali-silicic acid reaction of the silicate and the acid nanoparticle mixture, so as to obtain composite nanoparticles with a relatively rough surface, thereby increasing the anti-skid performance of the composite coating.

[0074] It should be noted that the mixing speed can be 500 r / min to 1000 r / min.

[0075] In some optional embodiments, the preset illumination conditions include a preset ultraviolet light wavelength and a preset illumination time; the preset ultraviolet light wavelength is 200 nm to 300 nm, and the preset illumination time is 15 min to 25 min.

[0076] In these embodiments, the preset illumination conditions can include a preset ultraviolet light wavelength and a preset illumination time, the preset ultraviolet light wavelength can be 200 nm to 300 nm, and the preset illumination time can be 15 min to 25 min. The illumination of ultraviolet light is promoted to be sufficient to promote the catalysis of nanometer titanium dioxide particles to produce strong oxidizing hydroxyl radicals under the acidic environment formed by the acid component, and these hydroxyl radicals participate in the alkali-silicic acid reaction to promote the nanometer iron oxide particles and the silicate to form a complex gel system under the alkaline environment formed by the alkaline component, so as to finally obtain composite nanoparticles with a complex surface structure. These composite nanoparticles have a relatively rough surface, which can increase the anti-skid performance of the composite coating.

[0077] The preset ultraviolet wavelength can be 200 nm, 210 nm, 220 nm, 230 nm, 240 nm, 250 nm, 260 nm, 270 nm, 280 nm, 290 nm, or 300 nm.

[0078] The time of the preset illumination can be 15 min, 16 min, 17 min, 18 min, 19 min, 20 min, 21 min, 22 min, 23 min, 24 min, or 25 min.

[0079] In some alternative embodiments, the temperature of the alkali-silicic acid reaction is 45-65℃, and the time of the alkali-silicic acid reaction is 30-45 min.

[0080] In these embodiments, the temperature of the alkali-silicic acid reaction can be 45-65℃, and the time of the alkali-silicic acid reaction can be 30-45 min, so as to promote the alkali-silicic acid reaction to proceed sufficiently, so that the nano iron oxide particles and the silicate form a complex gel system in the alkaline environment formed by the alkaline group, thereby finally obtaining the composite nanoparticles with complex surface structure, which have relatively rough surfaces and can increase the anti-skid performance of the composite coating.

[0081] The temperature of the alkali-silicic acid reaction can be 45℃, 47℃, 49℃, 51℃, 53℃, 55℃, 57℃, 59℃, 61℃, 63℃, or 65℃.

[0082] The time of the alkali-silicic acid reaction can be 30 min, 33 min, 36 min, 39 min, 42 min, or 45 min.

[0083] In some alternative embodiments, the time of the aging treatment is 5-7 days; and / or

[0084] The surface modification reaction is performed by microwave heating, the temperature of the surface modification reaction is 40-45℃, and the time of the surface modification reaction is 2-5 hours.

[0085] In these embodiments, the time of the aging treatment can be 5-7 days, which can promote the components in the coarse nano-particle dispersion liquid to react sufficiently, so as to obtain the nano-particle dispersion liquid with a small enough particle size; in addition, the surface modification reaction is performed by microwave heating, the temperature of the surface modification reaction can be 40-45℃, and the time of the surface modification reaction can be 2-5 hours, so as to promote the surface modification reaction to proceed sufficiently, so that the hydrophobicity of the nano-particle dispersion liquid is effectively improved by the fluorine-containing silane organic matter.

[0086] The time of the aging treatment can be 5 days, 6 days, or 7 days.

[0087] The temperature of the surface modification reaction can be 40℃, 41℃, 42℃, 43℃, 44℃, or 45℃.

[0088] The time of the surface modification reaction can be 2h, 3h, 4h, or 5h.

[0089] Based on one general inventive concept, the embodiments of the present application provide an anti-icing and anti-skid composite coating, raw materials of the composite coating comprising the composite coating.

[0090] The composite coating is realized based on the composite coating described above, and the specific composition of the composite coating can refer to the embodiments described above. Since the composite coating adopts part or all of the technical solutions of the embodiments described above, it at least has all the beneficial effects brought by the technical solutions of the embodiments described above, which will not be repeated here.

[0091] Figure 3 An exemplary flowchart of a method for preparing a composite coating is shown;

[0092] Based on one general inventive concept, as Figure 3 shown, the embodiments of the present application provide a method for preparing the composite coating, the method comprising:

[0093] S1. Surface treatment of the substrate to obtain a rough substrate;

[0094] S2. The composite coating is coated on the surface of the rough substrate by high-pressure spraying to obtain a composite coating.

[0095] The method is for the preparation method of the composite coating described above, and the specific composition of the composite coating can refer to the embodiments described above. Since the method adopts part or all of the technical solutions of the embodiments described above, it at least has all the beneficial effects brought by the technical solutions of the embodiments described above, which will not be repeated here.

[0096] It should be noted that the surface treatment can be a shot blasting process or a sand blasting process, so that the surface roughness of the substrate reaches 500μm-600μm.

[0097] The present application will be further described in conjunction with specific examples. The experimental methods in the following examples are not specified, and the determination is usually made according to the national standard / industry standard; if there is no corresponding national standard / industry standard, the determination is made according to the general international standard, the conventional condition or the condition suggested by the manufacturer.

[0098] Example 1

[0099] As Figure 1As shown in the formula (I), a composite coating for anti-icing and anti-skidding, the raw materials of the composite coating satisfy:

[0100] silicate: 30%, fluorine-containing silane organic matter: 10%, composite nano metal particles: 20%, alkaline component: 1.5%, acidic component: 2.5%, and the rest is organic solvent; wherein the composite nano metal particles include nano iron oxide particles and nano titanium dioxide particles, and the nano titanium dioxide particles are used to promote the nano iron oxide particles to form a complex gel system with the silicate under the condition of the acidic component.

[0101] The mass fraction of the nano iron oxide particles is 12%, and the mass fraction of the nano titanium dioxide particles is 8%.

[0102] The particle size of the nano iron oxide particles is 40 nm, and the particle size of the nano titanium dioxide particles is 20 nm.

[0103] The silicate includes tetrabutyl orthosilicate and tetraethyl orthosilicate, and the mass ratio of the tetrabutyl orthosilicate to the tetraethyl orthosilicate is 1:1;

[0104] The fluorine-containing silane organic matter is perfluorooctyltrichlorosilane;

[0105] The alkaline component is sodium hydroxide and ammonia water, and the mass ratio of the sodium hydroxide to the ammonia water is 2:1;

[0106] The acidic component is tartaric acid;

[0107] The organic solvent is ethanol.

[0108] As shown in the formula (II), a method for preparing the composite coating, comprising: Figure 2

[0109] S1. mixing the acidic component, the nano iron oxide particles and the nano titanium dioxide particles to obtain an acidic nano particle mixture;

[0110] S2. under the action of ultraviolet light under a preset light condition, performing an alkali-silicic acid reaction on the acidic nano particle mixture, the alkaline component, the silicate and the organic solvent to obtain a crude nano particle dispersion liquid;

[0111] S3. performing aging treatment on the crude nano particle dispersion liquid to obtain a nano particle dispersion liquid;

[0112] S4. performing a surface modification reaction on the fluorine-containing silane organic matter and the nano particle dispersion liquid to obtain the composite coating.

[0113] The preset light condition includes a preset ultraviolet light wavelength and a preset light time; the preset ultraviolet light wavelength is 250 nm, and the preset light time is 20 min.

[0114] ​The temperature of the alkali-silicic acid reaction is 55℃, and the time of the alkali-silicic acid reaction is 40min.

[0115] The time of the aging treatment is 6d;

[0116] The surface modification reaction is performed by microwave heating, the temperature of the surface modification reaction is 42℃, and the time of the surface modification reaction is 3h.

[0117] Example 2

[0118] On the basis of the disclosure of Example 1, the following modifications are further made:

[0119] The raw materials of the composite coating meet the following conditions in terms of mass fraction:

[0120] Silicic acid ester: 25%, fluorine-containing silane organic matter: 5%, composite nano metal particles: 15%, alkaline component: 0.5%, acidic component: 1.0%, and the balance is organic solvent.

[0121] The mass fraction of nano iron oxide particles is 10%, and the mass fraction of nano titanium dioxide particles is 5%.

[0122] The particle size of nano iron oxide particles is 50nm, and the particle size of nano titanium dioxide particles is 25nm.

[0123] Example 3

[0124] On the basis of the disclosure of Example 1, the following modifications are further made:

[0125] The raw materials of the composite coating meet the following conditions in terms of mass fraction:

[0126] Silicic acid ester: 35%, fluorine-containing silane organic matter: 15%, composite nano metal particles: 25%, alkaline component: 2.5%, acidic component: 3.0%, and the balance is organic solvent.

[0127] The mass fraction of nano iron oxide particles is 15%, and the mass fraction of nano titanium dioxide particles is 10%.

[0128] The particle size of nano iron oxide particles is 30nm, and the particle size of nano titanium dioxide particles is 15nm.

[0129] Example 4

[0130] On the basis of the disclosure of Example 1, the following modifications are further made:

[0131] The preset ultraviolet wavelength is 200nm, and the preset light irradiation time is 25min.

[0132] The temperature of the alkali-silicic acid reaction is 45℃, and the time of the alkali-silicic acid reaction is 45min.

[0133] The aging treatment time is 5d;

[0134] The surface modification reaction temperature is 40℃, and the surface modification reaction time is 5h.

[0135] Example 5

[0136] Based on the disclosure of Example 1, the following modifications are further made:

[0137] The preset ultraviolet wavelength is 300nm, and the preset light irradiation time is 15min.

[0138] The alkali-silicic acid reaction temperature is 65℃, and the alkali-silicic acid reaction time is 30min.

[0139] The aging treatment time is 7d;

[0140] The surface modification reaction temperature is 45℃, and the surface modification reaction time is 2h.

[0141] Comparative Example 1

[0142] Based on the disclosure of Example 1, the following modifications are further made:

[0143] A commercially available anti-icing and snow-removal self-cleaning coating (purchased from a certain new material Co., Ltd.) is used.

[0144] Comparative Example 2

[0145] Based on the disclosure of Example 1, the following modifications are further made:

[0146] No composite nano metal particles are added.

[0147] Comparative Example 3

[0148] Based on the disclosure of Example 1, the following modifications are further made:

[0149] No nano iron oxide particles are added.

[0150] Comparative Example 4

[0151] Based on the disclosure of Example 1, the following modifications are further made:

[0152] No nano titanium dioxide particles are added.

[0153] Comparative Example 5

[0154] Based on the disclosure of Example 1, the following modifications are further made:

[0155] No acidic component is added.

[0156] Comparative Example 6

[0157] Based on the content disclosed in Example 1, the following modifications are made:

[0158] No ultraviolet light exposure.

[0159] Relevant experimental and effect data:

[0160] 1. The composite coating obtained in Example 1 was examined by scanning electron microscopy. The results at a scale of 150 nm are as follows: Figure 1 As shown, this indicates that the composite coating has composite nanoparticles with a complex surface structure.

[0161] 2. The composite coatings obtained in each embodiment and comparative example are applied to the surface of the cable as follows:

[0162] like Figure 3 As shown, a method for preparing a composite coating includes:

[0163] S1. The cable undergoes surface treatment to obtain a rough cable;

[0164] S2. The composite coating is applied to the surface of the rough substrate by high-pressure spraying to obtain a composite coating.

[0165] The roughness of the composite coating was measured, and then the cable with the composite coating was subjected to an anti-icing test in a real environment (snowy weather in a mountainous area, outdoor temperature -10℃ to 0℃, snowy duration of more than 3 days). The time from snow cover to melting and exposing most of the surface was recorded (the cutoff time was when more than 80% of the area was exposed as observed by a telescope on a clear day). The results are shown in Table 1 and... Figure 4 As shown.

[0166] Table 1. Results of roughness and melting time of composite coatings in each embodiment and comparative example.

[0167]

[0168]

[0169] From Table 1 and Figure 4It can be seen that the composite coating provided by the embodiment of the application has excellent anti-icing and anti-skid properties. The composite coating has a complex surface structure formed by the synergistic effect of the nano metal particles, the silicate, the fluorine-containing silane organic matter, the acidic component, the alkaline component and the organic solvent. The coating not only has the characteristics of toughness and weather resistance, but also can significantly reduce the residence time of water droplets and ice crystals on the surface of the coating, thereby effectively preventing the occurrence of slipping and icing phenomena. In addition, it is found through actual experiments that the composite coating formed by the composite coating has a relatively high roughness of 43.0 μm to 47.0 μm and good anti-icing performance.

[0170] In addition, it can be seen from Comparative Examples 3 and 4 that if the nano titanium dioxide is not used, the photocatalytic process is difficult to proceed, and the composite coating with a complex surface structure is difficult to obtain, so that the roughness of the composite coating decreases. If the nano iron oxide is not used, the icing time slightly increases, which may be determined by the heat conduction performance of the nano iron oxide.

[0171] In addition, it can be seen from Comparative Example 5 that even if the acidic component is not added, the roughness is similar to that of the embodiment, which may be because the silicate itself is acidic, and the amount of the silicate added may just promote the photocatalytic reaction to proceed.

[0172] In addition, it can be seen from Comparative Example 6 that if the ultraviolet light is not irradiated, the photocatalytic reaction is difficult to proceed under common light, and the composite coating with a complex surface structure is difficult to obtain, so that the roughness of the composite coating decreases.

[0173] 3. Hydrophobic property detection: The coating obtained in Example 1 is used to prepare a composite coating according to the above experiment, and the static contact angle of the composite coating with water is detected. The results are shown in Table 1. Figure 5 The static contact angle of the composite coating with water is > 155°, and the subsequent results show that the dynamic contact angle of the composite coating with water is < 4°, which indicates that the composite coating has good hydrophobic properties.

[0174] In summary, the composite coating provided by the embodiment of the application has excellent anti-icing and anti-skid properties. The composite coating has a complex surface structure formed by the synergistic effect of the nano metal particles, the silicate, the fluorine-containing silane organic matter, the acidic component, the alkaline component and the organic solvent.

[0175] The foregoing detailed description of the application has been presented for purposes of illustration and description. Various modifications to the description will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein can be applied to other implementations without departing from the spirit or scope of the application. Accordingly, the application is not intended to be limited to the implementations described herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features to the application.

Claims

1.A composite coating for anti-icing and anti-skidding, raw materials of the composite coating satisfy, in mass fraction: Silicate: 25%~35%, fluorine-containing silane organic matter: 5%~15%, composite nano metal particles: 15%~25%, alkaline component: 0.5%~2.5%, acidic component: 1.0%~3.0%, the rest is organic solvent; wherein, the composite nano-metal particles comprise nano-iron oxide particles and nano-titanium dioxide particles, the nano-titanium dioxide particles are used to promote the nano-iron oxide particles to form a complex gel system with the silicate under the condition of the acidic component; the mass fraction of the nano-iron oxide particles is 10%-15%, and the mass fraction of the nano-titanium dioxide particles is 5%-10%; a method for preparing the composite coating, the method comprising: mixing the acidic component, the nano-iron oxide particles and the nano-titanium dioxide particles to obtain an acidic nano-particle mixture; under the action of ultraviolet light under preset illumination conditions, performing an alkali-silicic acid reaction on the acidic nano-particle mixture, the alkaline component, the silicate and the organic solvent to obtain a crude nano-particle dispersion liquid; performing aging treatment on the crude nano-particle dispersion liquid to obtain a nano-particle dispersion liquid; performing a surface modification reaction on the fluorine-containing silane organic matter and the nano-particle dispersion liquid to obtain the composite coating. 2.The composite coating of claim 1, wherein the particle size of the nano-iron oxide particles is 30 nm-50 nm, and the particle size of the nano-titanium dioxide particles is 15 nm-25 nm. 3.The composite coating of claim 1, wherein the silicate comprises tetra-n-butyl orthosilicate and / or tetra-ethyl orthosilicate; and / or the fluorine-containing silane organic matter comprises perfluorooctyltrichlorosilane and / or perfluorooctyltriethoxysilane; and / or the alkaline component comprises at least one of alkaline metal hydroxide, ammonia and ethylenediamine; and / or the acidic component comprises tartaric acid and / or oxalic acid; and / or the organic solvent comprises at least one of ethanol, methanol and isopropyl alcohol. 4.The composite coating of claim 1, wherein the preset illumination conditions comprise a preset ultraviolet light wavelength and a preset illumination time; the preset ultraviolet light wavelength is 200 nm-300 nm, and the preset illumination time is 15 min-25 min. 5.The composite coating of claim 1, wherein the temperature of the alkali-silicic acid reaction is 45 ℃-65 ℃, and the time of the alkali-silicic acid reaction is 30 min-45 min. 6.The composite coating of claim 1, wherein the time of the aging treatment is 5 d-7 d; and / or the surface modification reaction is performed in a microwave heating manner, the temperature of the surface modification reaction is 40 ℃-45 ℃, and the time of the surface modification reaction is 2 h-5 h. 7.A composite coating for anti-icing and anti-skidding, raw materials of the composite coating comprise the composite coating of any one of claims 1-3. 8.A method for preparing the composite coating of claim 7, the method comprising: performing surface treatment on a substrate to obtain a roughened substrate; applying the composite coating of any one of claims 1-3 on the surface of the roughened substrate by high-pressure spraying to obtain the composite coating.

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