Enhancing vision screening with external media

Abstract

An example method by a vision screening device includes receiving a signal from an external medium and identifying a vision test associated with the external medium based on the signal. The vision screening device receives vision test characterization feedback from the subject. In addition, the vision screening device determines whether the subject is suspected of having an ocular symptom based on feedback based on the vision test.

Description

[0001] Related Applications

[0002] This international application claims priority to and the benefits of U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 63 / 355,050, filed on June 23, 2022, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0003] The present application generally relates to a vision screener for performing vision testing using an external medium. Background Art

[0004] Large-scale vision screening events allow the vision of many children to be assessed in a short period of time. Children can be assessed directly by the user of the on-site vision screening device. For example, a user without special training can operate a vision screening device to perform automated optometric assessments on multiple children during a screening event. These tests can be performed without feedback from the child being tested. For example, a vision screening device can project an infrared pattern onto a child's eye and assess the reflection of the pattern on the eye to determine whether the child should follow up with a formal eye examination.

[0005] However, some vision tests require feedback. For example, a color vision test can be used to assess whether a child subjectively identifies a specific color pattern. However, existing vision screening devices do not have the ability to receive feedback from children. Some children may be illiterate or have limited literacy, making it difficult to provide vision test feedback using traditional computer user interfaces. Currently, trained practitioners are required to manually perform such feedback-reliant tests on children, which is not conducive to large-scale screening.

[0006] Additionally, some vision tests can be taken in multiple formats. For example, a color vision test can be an Ishihara test or a Color Vision Test Made Easy (CVTME) exam. Additionally, different jurisdictions may have different policies for implementing different vision tests. For example, one state may require children to be screened with an Ishihara test, while another state may require children to be screened with a CVTME test. Summary of the invention

[0007] Various embodiments of the present disclosure relate to vision screening device technology that can use external media to evaluate the vision test of a subject. These devices can be used to evaluate the symptoms of multiple subjects in large-scale screening activities such as screening activities in schools.

[0008] In various cases, the vision test is visually output through an external medium (such as a card, poster, or computing device). The vision screening device can identify the vision test output by the external medium. For example, the external medium can display and / or transmit a code indicating the vision test to the vision screening device. The vision screening device can identify feedback representing the vision test from the subject. In some cases, the subject can directly input the feedback, and the user can also input the feedback. In various embodiments, the vision screening device can identify whether the subject is suspected and / or expected to have one or more eye symptoms by analyzing the feedback for the identified vision test.

[0009] According to some examples, a single vision screening device can use multiple different vision tests to evaluate a subject's symptoms. In some cases, the vision screening device is compatible with an external medium configured to output different vision tests to a subject. The vision screening device can identify a specific vision test that the external medium is outputting to a specific subject in order to assess the subject's symptoms. By combining the vision tests output by the external medium, the vision screening device can assess the subject based on feedback that characterizes the various vision tests.

[0010] In some cases, the vision screening device can facilitate receiving feedback on the characterization of the vision test from a subject (e.g., a child) who may not be able to operate a complex user interface. According to some examples, the feedback can be input by a user other than the subject being assessed. In some cases, the subject can input feedback by drawing a shape on a touch screen, verbally stating the feedback, selecting a graphical icon, or other user-friendly methods that are accessible to children.

[0011] Various embodiments of the present disclosure are technical improvements in the field of vision screening devices. Existing dedicated vision screening devices for large-scale screening cannot provide vision tests (such as color vision tests, visual acuity tests, etc.) that are evaluated based on subject feedback. Therefore, large-scale screening activities often exclude such tests. Various example vision screening devices described herein combine the use of external media to facilitate feedback-oriented vision testing of many subjects in a short period of time. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0012] The technology described in the present disclosure is explained below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, which constitute an integral part of the present disclosure and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention in any form.

[0013] Figure 1 An example environment for conducting a vision test using an external medium is shown.

[0014] Figure 2 Example signal transmission for vision screening using an external medium is shown.

[0015] Figure 3An example vision screening device for performing a vision test on a subject using an external medium is shown.

[0016] Figure 4A and Figure 4B Another example vision screening device for performing a vision test on a subject using an external medium is shown.

[0017] Figure 5 Yet another example vision screening device for performing a vision test on a subject using an external medium is shown.

[0018] Figure 6 Another example vision screening device for performing a vision test on a subject using an external medium is shown.

[0019] Figure 7 Still another example vision screening device for performing a vision test on a subject using an external medium is shown.

[0020] Figure 8 An example vision screening device is shown, in which a mobile external medium is mounted on the vision screening device.

[0021] Fig. 9 Another example vision screening device is shown in which a removable external medium is selectively attachable to the vision screening device.

[0022] FIG. 10A to FIG. 10D An example of a feedback device is shown, including an external medium for performing a vision test on a subject.

[0023] Fig.11 A vision screening device is shown, packaged with a card used as an external medium.

[0024] FIG. 12A to FIG. 12C An example workflow for conducting vision testing on a subject using a tablet as an external medium and feedback device is shown.

[0025] Fig.13A and Fig. 13B An example workflow for performing vision screening using a vision screening device including a first screen and a second screen is shown.

[0026] Fig.14A and Fig. 14B The feedback device is shown configured to receive feedback directly from the subject.

[0027] FIG. 15A to FIG. 15C The workflow of vision screening using a handheld card as an external medium and a tablet as a feedback device is shown.

[0028] FIG. 16A to FIG. 16CThe workflow for vision screening using a poster as the external medium and a tablet as the feedback device is shown.

[0029] Fig.17A and Fig. 17B The workflow for vision screening using a laptop as the external medium and a tablet as the feedback device is shown.

[0030] Fig.18 An example process for vision screening using an external medium is shown.

[0031] Fig.19 At least one example device is shown configured to enable and / or perform some or all of the functionality described herein. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] Various specific embodiments of the present disclosure are described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which similar reference numerals in each figure represent similar parts and components. In addition, any examples set forth in this specification are not limiting, but merely list some possible implementations.

[0033] Figure 1 An example environment 100 for performing vision testing using an external medium is shown. In various embodiments, at least one eye of a subject 102 is screened for at least one ocular symptom. As used herein, the terms "ocular condition", "ophthalmic condition", "condition" and their equivalents may refer to an individual pathological state associated with the state of at least one eye of the individual. For example, some ocular symptoms are pathological symptoms of the eye itself, such as amblyopia, myopia, hyperopia, astigmatism, cataracts, retinopathy, color vision disorders, macular degeneration, etc. Some ocular symptoms are pathological symptoms of other parts of the body, but can be identified based on the appearance and / or performance of the eyes. Other examples of ocular symptoms include concussion, learning disabilities (e.g., dyslexia), certain cancers, etc.

[0034] The vision screening device 104 is configured to determine whether the subject 102 is suspected of having one or more eye symptoms. As used herein, if at least one parameter associated with the subject exceeds the range associated with a specific screening examination, the subject may be "suspected of having" and / or "may have" a certain symptom. For example, the vision screening device 104 may not specifically diagnose the subject 102 with eye symptoms, but may determine whether the subject 102 should be assessed for eye symptoms by a trained diagnosis and treatment provider (e.g., an optometrist or an ophthalmologist). That is, the vision screening device 104 can be used as a tool to determine whether to indicate a follow-up examination of the subject 102. The vision screening device 104 can be operated by a user 106. As shown, the user 106 is different from the subject 102, but the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. According to various embodiments, in a large-scale screening activity, the user 106 screens multiple subjects including the subject 102 for one or more eye symptoms. For example, the subject may be a school child, a nursing home resident, or other groups screened in a relatively short period of time.

[0035] In various embodiments, the vision screening device 104 identifies the performance of the subject 102 on the vision test 108 output by the external medium 110. As used herein, the term "vision test" and its equivalents refer to display information that can be used to evaluate the vision of an individual. For example, the vision test 108 may include a color vision impairment test, also known as a "color blindness" test. Examples of color vision impairment tests include the Ishihara test and the CVTME test. The vision test 108 may include one or more pictures that display symbols (e.g., numbers) in at least one first color and use at least one second color as the symbol background. If the subject 102 has sufficient color sensitivity, the subject will see the symbol. If the subject 102 has color vision impairment, the subject 102 will not be able to distinguish the symbol.

[0036] In some cases, vision test 108 includes a visual acuity test. According to some embodiments, the visual acuity test displays symbols of different sizes. The visual acuity of subject 102 is determined based on the size of one or more symbols that subject 102 can visually discern. There are many types of visual acuity tests, such as a myopia test and a hyperopia test. The myopia test displays symbols at a position relatively close to the eyes of subject 102, such as 35 centimeters (cm). The myopia test result indicates whether subject 102 is nearsighted. The hyperopia test displays symbols at a position relatively far from the eyes of subject 102, such as 6 meters (m). The hyperopia test result indicates whether the subject is farsighted.

[0037] In various examples, vision test 108 includes a reading speed test. For example, vision test 108 displays a plurality of words. The speed at which subject 102 reads the words corresponds to the reading speed of subject 102. In some cases, vision test 108 includes a reading comprehension test. Vision test 108 may display a paragraph of text. After reading the paragraph of text, subject 102 may point out the content recorded therein, thereby indicating whether subject 102 fully understands the paragraph of text. Reading speed tests and reading comprehension tests can be used to assess whether subject 102 has learning disabilities or other symptoms.

[0038] According to various embodiments, vision test 108 includes a concussion test. For example, vision test 108 may include a test described in U.S. Pat. No. 10,506,165, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. For example, vision test 108 may include one or more symbols that subject 102 is looking at. When the subject is looking at vision test 108, vision screening device 104 may capture one or more images of the eyes of subject 102. In some cases, vision screening device 104 determines the pupil size of subject 102 based on the image, and determines whether subject 102 is predicted to have a concussion based on the pupil size of subject 102.

[0039] In some cases, vision test 108 is gamified for subject 102. For example, external medium 110 may display a shape (e.g., a butterfly) that moves along external medium 110. Subject 102 may play the game by inputting feedback based on the position of the shape. For example, subject 102 may "catch" a virtual butterfly displayed by external medium 110 by controlling an input device (e.g., a touch screen), and based on the feedback, vision screening device 104 may assess the vision of subject 102.

[0040] In various embodiments, the vision test 108 is displayed through an external medium 110. As used herein, the term "external medium" and its equivalents may refer to a device (e.g., vision screening device 104) for identifying vision test results and / or an object separate from the device. In some cases, the external medium 110 includes a substrate (e.g., a passive object), such as a projection screen reflecting a projection of the vision test 108, a poster displaying the vision test 108, a card displaying the vision test 108, or other printed substrate displaying the vision test 108. As used herein, the term "substrate" and its equivalents may refer to a solid or semi-solid material that can absorb and / or reflect light. In various examples, the external medium 110 includes an active device, such as a tablet or smart phone displaying the vision test 108 on a touch screen, a smart TV displaying the vision test 108, a virtual reality (VR) head-mounted device displaying the vision test 108, an augmented reality device displaying the vision test 108, or other computing devices displaying the vision test 108 on a screen.

[0041] According to various embodiments, the vision screening device 104 may be configured to evaluate the results of multiple different vision tests including the vision test 108. In order to identify the vision test 108 among the multiple vision tests, the vision screening device 104 may identify the code 112 associated with the vision test 108. As used herein, the term "code" and its equivalents may refer to one or more symbols representing the identity of the vision test. In some examples, the code 112 is displayed on the external medium 110 together with the vision test 108. For example, the vision screening device 104 includes a camera that captures an image of the code 112 on the external medium 110. As used herein, the term "image" and its equivalents may refer to a data set including multiple pixels and / or voxels that respectively represent areas of a real-world scene. A two-dimensional (2D) image is represented by an array of pixels. A three-dimensional (3D) image is represented by an array of voxels. A single pixel and / or voxel in an image is defined according to at least one value representing the amount of light and / or the frequency of light emission in a corresponding area in a real-world scene.

[0042] In some embodiments, a signal indicating the code 112 is transmitted from the external medium 110 to the vision screening device 104. For example, the vision screening device 104 includes a transceiver that receives a signal (e.g., a wireless signal) indicating the code 112 from the external medium 110. In some examples, the vision screening device 104 and / or the external medium 110 can be connected, such as via a Bluetooth connection (Bluetooth) and / or near field communication (NFC). For example, the vision screening device 104 can be paired with the external medium 110, and vice versa, so that the two devices can communicate with each other and send data to each other.

[0043] The code 112 can be uniquely associated with the vision test 108 displayed on the external medium 110, so that no other vision tests are displayed with the code 112. In some cases, the code 112 is a barcode, such as a QR code. In various embodiments, the code 112 indicates a string of one or more letters or numbers associated with the vision test 108. In various embodiments, the vision screening 104 identifies the vision test 108 by identifying an entry in the test data store 114 that includes the code 112. For example, the test data store 114 includes a database and / or a lookup table indexed by the codes associated with the corresponding vision tests. By looking up the database entry with the code 112, the vision screening 104 can identify the vision test 108.

[0044] In some cases, the vision screening device 104 can identify the vision test 108. In some cases, the test data store 114 is part of the vision screening device 104. In some examples, the test data store 114 is hosted in a device external to the vision screening device 104.

[0045] The subject 102 can view the vision test 108 and generate feedback based on the vision test 108. As used herein, the term "feedback" and its equivalents may refer to data representing the performance of an individual in a vision test. For example, the feedback is detected by a feedback device 116. In some embodiments, the feedback device 116 is part of the vision screening device 104 and / or the external medium 110. In various cases, the feedback device 116 includes a sensor configured to detect feedback from the subject 102. In some examples, the feedback device 116 can communicate with the vision screening device 104 and / or the external medium 110, so that the feedback device 116 can send data indicating feedback from the subject 102 to the screening device 104 and / or the external medium 110. The feedback device 116 can communicate with the vision screening device 104 and / or the external medium 110 via a Bluetooth connection and / or an NFC connection (to name a few). In some examples, the feedback device 116 can send feedback from the subject 116 after determining that the vision screening is completed. For example, feedback device 116 may determine that the test has ended based on feedback received from subject 102. Additionally or alternatively, feedback device 116 may receive input that the test has ended, such as input from subject 102 and / or user 106. In other examples, feedback device 116 may continuously send results as feedback device 116 receives them.

[0046] Feedback device 116 can detect various types of feedback. In some embodiments, feedback device 116 includes one or more touch sensors in combination with external medium 110. Feedback can be subject 102 touching at least a portion of external medium 110. For example, subject 102 can trace a symbol of vision test 108, and the touch sensor of feedback device 116 can detect such tracing. In some cases, subject 102 can touch an icon displayed on external medium 110, and feedback device 116 can detect such touch as feedback from vision test 108.

[0047] In various examples, feedback device 116 includes one or more cameras that visually detect feedback from subject 102. For example, vision test 108 may be a reading speed test, where a camera captures images of subject 102's eyes while the subject is reading a text. The feedback may be changes in the subject's gaze angle over time.

[0048] In some cases, feedback device 116 includes other types of input devices that can detect feedback directly from subject 102. For example, feedback device 116 can include a microphone that detects the voice of subject 102 as feedback regarding vision test 108. In some examples, feedback device 116 includes physical buttons,

[0049] A keyboard or any other device configured to detect input signals indicative of feedback from subject 102 .

[0050] According to some examples, user 106 inputs feedback from subject 102 into feedback device 116. For example, subject 102 may report feedback to user 106 audibly, or user 106 may manually input feedback into feedback device 116 using buttons, a keyboard, a touch screen, or other input devices.

[0051] The feedback device 116 can provide feedback to the vision screening device 104. In various embodiments, the vision screening device 104 can determine whether the subject 102 is suspected of having an eye symptom by analyzing the feedback about the vision test 108. In some cases, the entry indicating the vision test 108 in the test data storage 114 can also include an answer associated with the vision test 108. For example, if the vision test 108 is an Ishihara color vision test, the answer can be the identity of the symbol displayed in the vision test 108. The feedback device 116 can compare the feedback with the answer. In other words, the feedback device can compare the feedback with the answer based on receiving the feedback to determine one or more differences between the feedback and the answer, and the one or more differences can indicate that the subject is suspected of having an eye symptom. In some examples, the more differences, the higher the possibility of indicating an eye symptom, and the fewer differences, the lower the possibility of indicating an eye symptom. In some examples, the difference number can exceed the threshold difference number, which can indicate that the subject 102 does have an eye symptom. In some examples, the vision screening device 108 can determine that the subject 102 has or is suspected of having an eye symptom. For example, the feedback received from the subject 102 can correspond to various eye symptoms. In other words, tracing an object but failing to determine the correct color of the object can indicate that the subject 102 has good vision but suffers from color vision disorder. In some examples, determining that the subject has or is suspected of having an eye symptom (e.g., comparing the feedback with the answer) is done manually by the user 104. However, in other examples, this can be done automatically by one or more algorithms of the vision screening device 108. For example, the vision screening device 108 can be trained to compare the feedback with the answer to identify one or more differences. Based at least in part on factors such as the type of difference and / or the number of differences, for example, the feedback device 108 can output the possibility that the subject 102 has an eye symptom and / or the eye symptoms that the subject 102 may have.

[0052] In certain embodiments, the answer is defined as a shape within a symbol threshold distance (e.g., 1 cm). The feedback device 116 can determine whether the shape drawn by the subject 102 is within the answer. In certain embodiments, the subject 102 draws a symbol on a touch screen, and feedback can be highlighted on the touch screen while the subject 102 is drawing the symbol. In certain embodiments, the subject 102 draws the symbol on a paper substrate with a writing instrument (e.g., a marker, a pen, or a pencil). The highlighted and / or written feedback can be viewed manually. If the feedback matches the answer, the vision screening device 104 can determine that the subject 102 has passed the vision test 108. If the feedback is different from the answer, the vision screening device 104 can determine that the subject 102 has not passed the vision test 108. In various embodiments, the vision screening device 104 can determine that the subject 102 is suspected of having eye symptoms based on determining that the subject 102 has not passed the vision test 108.

[0053] In some embodiments, the answer indicates a threshold value that the vision screening device 104 compares to the feedback. For example, if the vision test 108 is a reading speed test and the feedback indicates the reading speed of the subject 102, the vision screening device 104 can compare the reading speed of the subject 102 to the threshold speed to determine whether the subject 102 is at an appropriate reading level or is suspected of having a learning disability.

[0054] The vision screening device 104 can perform additional tests on the subject 102 that are independent of external media. In various embodiments, the vision screening device 104 performs an automated automatic optometry assessment on the subject 102. For example, the vision screening device 104 may include at least one light source configured to project an infrared pattern on the eyes of the subject 102. As used herein, the term "light source" and its equivalents may refer to an element configured to output light, such as a light emitting diode (LED) or a halogen bulb.

[0055] In some examples, the vision screening device 104 also includes at least one camera configured to capture a reflection image of the pattern by the subject's 102 eye. The vision screening device 104 can determine a symptom of the subject 102 based on the pattern reflection. For example, the vision screening device 104 can determine that the subject has myopia, hyperopia, astigmatism, or a combination thereof based on the pattern reflection. In some cases, the vision screening device 104 is or includes a dedicated device, such as the Welch Allyn Spot vision screener produced by Hill-Rom Services, Inc. of Chicago, Illinois. In some cases, the vision screening device 104 performs a red light reflex test on the subject 102.

[0056] According to various embodiments, the vision screening device 104 can output and / or store the results of the vision test 108 or the results of any other vision test identified by the vision screening device 104. The results are, for example, feedback indications, differences between feedback and answers, whether the subject 102 is suspected of having an eye symptom, or a combination thereof. In some embodiments, the vision screening device 104 outputs the results to the user 106. For example, the vision screening device 104 can display the results on a screen and / or output the results audibly using a speaker. In some cases, the vision screening device 104 stores the results (e.g., with the identity of the subject 102).

[0057] In some cases, vision screening device 104 determines the identity of subject 102. For example, user 106 may enter a code, name, or other identifier associated with subject 102 into the vision screening device. Vision screening device 104 may generate and / or store a result with the subject 102 identifier.

[0058] Vision screening device 104 may be communicatively coupled to electronic medical record (EMR) system 118. In some cases, vision screening device 104 transmits the results (and an identifier of subject 102) to EMR system 118.

[0059] System 118 may include one or more servers that store EMRs for multiple individuals including subject 102. As used herein, the terms "Electronic Medical Record", "EMR", "Electronic Health Record" and their equivalents may refer to data representing a patient's previous or current medical condition, diagnostic examination or treatment. EMRs are also accessible to computing devices operated by medical providers. In some cases, a user may access the data stored in a subject's EMR through an application running on a computing device. For example, the stored data may indicate subject demographic data, subject parameters, subject vital signs, one or more appointment records for a subject's medical appointments, subject prescriptions or medications, subject therapy (e.g., surgery, face-to-face consultations, etc.), subject diagnostic test results, subject identification information (e.g., name, date of birth, etc.), or any combination thereof. In various embodiments, the EMR system 118 stores feedback and / or results in an EMR associated with subject 102.

[0060] In some examples, the vision screening device 104 transmits the results to one or more web servers 120. In various embodiments, the web server 120 can store an indication of the results. In addition, the web server 120 can output a web page indicating the results to an external computing device (not shown). In some cases, the external computing device can be operated by a parent of the subject 102, so that the parent can view the indication of the results by accessing the web page. In some embodiments, the web server 120 also stores additional information about the vision test 108 and / or subsequent treatment recommendations for the subject 102. For example, based on the results, the web page can indicate that the subject 102 should visit an optometrist and / or an ophthalmologist for follow-up treatment.

[0061] The various elements of the environment 100 communicate via one or more communication networks 122. The communication network 122 includes a wired (e.g., electrical or optical) and / or wireless (e.g., radio access, Bluetooth, WI-FI, or near field communication NFC) network. The communication network 122 can forward data in the form of data packets and / or data segments between various endpoints in the environment 100, such as computing devices, medical devices, servers, and other networked devices.

[0062] Figure 1Although not specifically shown, the vision screening device 104, external medium 110, and feedback device 116 can be used to evaluate the vision of multiple subjects in a large-scale screening activity. For example, 10, 100, or 1000 subjects can be effectively tested over the course of one or more days. Using the techniques described herein, a user 106 can operate the vision screening device 104 to evaluate the vision of multiple subjects using a vision test 108 output by the external medium 110. In some cases, multiple external media that output different vision tests can be used to evaluate subjects using different vision tests. In some embodiments, the same external medium 110 can output different vision tests to the subjects.

[0063] In a specific example, vision screening device 104 is configured to evaluate subject 102's performance on vision test 108 outputted by external medium 110. Using various embodiments described herein, vision screening device 104 is adapted to effectively screen a large number of subjects (including subject 102) in a large-scale screening campaign, even when user 106 is not a trained clinician and / or the subject is a child.

[0064] Figure 2 An example signal transmission 200 for vision screening using an external medium is shown. Figure 1 Signal transmission 200 is performed between the vision screening device 104 , the external medium 110 , the test data storage 114 , and the feedback device 116 . In various embodiments, at least one of the external medium 110 , the test data storage 114 , or the feedback device 116 is a component of the vision screening device 104 . Figure 2 The signal transmission 200 shown will also utilize the above reference Figure 1 The code 112.

[0065] According to various examples, vision screening device 104 facilitates vision testing of a subject. External medium 110 may display or otherwise output the vision test to the subject. In some cases, external medium 110 also outputs code 112 to vision screening device 104. For example, code 112 is uniquely associated with the vision test output by external medium 110.

[0066] The vision screening device 104 may identify the vision test using the code 112. For example, the vision screening device 104 may identify an entry in the test data store 114 that includes the code 112. In various cases, the entry includes an answer 202 associated with the vision test. The vision screening device 104 may retrieve and / or receive the answer 202 from the entry in the test data store 114.

[0067] In various embodiments, the subject 102 can view the vision test output by the external medium 110. The subject 102 can input an input signal into the feedback device 116. Based on the input signal, the feedback device 116 can generate feedback 204, which indicates the subject's perception, reaction, performance, or a combination of the above to the vision test. As described above, the feedback device 116 can provide the feedback 204 to the vision screening device 104 via a Bluetooth connection and / or NFC, etc. In other examples, the feedback device 116 can display the feedback 204 through the feedback device 116 (such as a user interface (UI)). In some examples, the display associated with the feedback device 116 may include one or more optional options that can allow the user 106 and / or the subject 102 to send the result 206 to the EMR system 118 or the web server 120, etc.

[0068] For example, vision screening device 104 can generate result 206 based on answer 202 and feedback 204. For example, answer 202 can correspond to a vision test being performed on subject 102. In some examples, answer 202 can be one or more answers that can be uploaded to test data store 144 so that vision screening device 104 can determine result 206 of the test. For example, based on receiving feedback 204 from the test, vision screening device 104 can compare answer 202 and feedback 204. In some cases,

[0069] Result 206 indicates the difference between answer 202 and feedback 204. For example, if answer 202 is a shape within a symbol threshold distance and feedback 204 is an attempt by the subject to draw the symbol, the difference can be the number and / or amount of times that feedback 204 moves outside of answer 202. In various embodiments, vision screening device 104 determines whether the subject is suspected of having an eye symptom based on the difference between answer 202 and feedback 204. Result 206 can indicate whether the subject is suspected of having an eye symptom. Vision screening device 104 can store result 206, output result 206 to a user, send a signal including result 206 to an external device, or a combination thereof. In some examples, answer 202 can be updated and / or deleted based on the test being conducted and / or the subject being tested.

[0070] Figure 3An example vision screening device 300 is shown for performing a vision test on a subject using an external medium 302. In certain cases, the vision screening device 300 includes a tablet computer 304 mechanically coupled to an accessory 306. The accessory 306 includes an external medium 302 that displays a vision test 310. In various embodiments, the screen of the tablet computer 304 faces the user of the vision screening device 300, and the vision test 310 faces the subject of the vision screening device 300. In some cases, the accessory 306 indicates a code for the vision test 310 by sending an NFC and / or RFID signal to the tablet computer 304.

[0071] For example, Figure 3 The vision screening device 300 shown can be a verbal test, in which symbols, such as numbers, are presented to the subject of the vision screening device 300 through the display of the external medium 302. For example, this figure depicts the number 74 displayed through the external medium. Then, for example, the user of the vision screening device can instruct the subject to verbally state the projected number. The user who is conducting the vision test can then indicate through the tablet computer 304 whether the subject has verbally stated the correct number.

[0072] Figure 4A and Figure 4B Another example vision screening device 400 for performing a vision test on a subject using an external medium 402 is shown. Figure 4A The side of the vision screening device 400 facing the subject is shown. Figure 4B The side of the vision screening device 400 facing the user is shown. The vision screening device 400 can be a stand-alone device configured to be held by a user. The user can operate the vision screening device 400 through a user interface (e.g., a touch screen). In various embodiments, the external medium 402 of the vision screening device 400 includes a substrate that displays a vision test 404 to the subject. For example, similar to Figure 3 For the vision test, the vision test administrator may ask the subject to verbally state the symbols being presented to the subject through the vision screening device 400.

[0073] Figure 5 Another example vision screening device 500 is shown that uses an external medium 502 to perform a vision test on a subject. In this example, the vision screening device 500 can be placed on a desktop or other horizontal surface for operation. For example, the external medium 502 can be a screen that displays a vision test to the subject. In addition, the vision screening device 500 also includes an automatic sensor head-mounted device 504. When the subject moves his eyes to the automatic sensor head-mounted device, the eyes are automatically measured.

[0074] When the vision screening device 500 is used to perform an automated vision test (e.g., an automated optometry test, a red light reflex test, etc.) on the subject, the vision screening device 500 may perform an automated vision test (e.g., an automated optometry test, a red light reflex test, etc.) on the subject. Based at least in part on determining that the automated vision test is completed, the vision screening device may present one or more results associated with the vision test via an external medium of the vision screening device 500. In some examples, the external medium may include a user interface element that may be configured to receive instructions sent by, for example, the subject of the test and / or an administrator to send the results of the vision screening to a different location, such as the Web server 120.

[0075] Figure 6 Still another additional example vision screening device 600 is shown for performing a vision test on a subject using an external medium 602. In this example, the vision screening device 600 includes a handheld tablet computer.

[0076] The vision screening device 600 may also have a flat surface that allows the vision screening device 600 to rest on a desk or horizontal surface.

[0077] The external medium 602 may face the subject so that the subject can view the vision test 604 displayed on the external medium 602. Although not specifically shown in the figure, the vision screening device 600 may also include a touch screen or other user interface similar to the above-mentioned vision screening devices 300, 400, 500 for user operation.

[0078] Figure 7 Another example vision screening device 700 for performing a vision test on a subject using an external medium 702 is shown. In this example, the vision screening device 700 includes a handheld tablet computer. The external medium 702 can face the subject so that the subject can view a vision test 704 displayed on the external medium 702. Although not specifically shown in the figure, the vision screening device 700 can also include a touch screen or other user interface for user operation.

[0079] Figure 8An example vision screening device 800 is shown, wherein a removable external medium 802 is mounted on the vision screening device 800. The external medium 802 is, for example, one of a plurality of cards that can be selectively attached to the vision screening device 800. The external medium 802 displays a vision test 804 to the subject. In various cases, each card (including the external medium 802) is printed with a different code 806, which can be detected by the vision screening device 800 (e.g., using a camera) to identify the vision test 804. For example, in the current embodiment, the code 806 is illustrated as a QR code. For example, before taking the test, the test administrator can use a camera (not shown) of the vision screening device 800 to scan the code 806. Based at least in part on receiving the code 806, the vision screening device 800 can determine the vision test associated with the code 806. Accordingly, multiple cards can respectively display different vision tests available for the vision screening device 800. Additionally or alternatively, the code can be used to determine an answer associated with the test, such that vision screening device 800 can ensure that the result of vision test 804 corresponds to the correct code as the answer used to determine the result of vision test 804.

[0080] The card may be packaged into a portable housing 808 having a handle for easy transport.

[0081] Fig. 9 Another example vision screening device 900 is shown, in which a removable external medium 902 can be selectively attached to the vision screening device 900. In this example, the external medium 902 includes a transparent slide that can be mounted on a light box 904 of the vision screening device 900. When the light from the light box 904 shines through the example external medium 902, the subject can view the vision test 906 on the external medium 902. In some cases, the vision screening device 900 detects the code from the example external medium 902 through an RFID and / or NFC signal transmitted between the external medium 902 and the vision screening device 900.

[0082] FIG. 10A to FIG. 10D An example of a feedback device is shown, including an external medium for performing a vision test on a subject. Fig. 10A An example feedback device 1000 is shown including a screen 1002 that outputs a vision test 1004 to a subject 1006. As described above, a vision screening test may require the subject 1006 to identify whether one or more elements in the feedback device user interface correspond to elements provided by a user or administrator of the vision test. For example, Fig. 10AThe illustrated vision test shows user interface elements 1008 displayed on screen 1002, such as the number "12" and "Y" (corresponding to "yes") and "N" (corresponding to "no"). Based at least in part on the user speaking the number aloud to subject 1006, subject 1006 can select "Y" or "N" to determine that the number spoken by the user corresponds to the number on screen 1002. In this figure, subject 1006 selects the "yes" option.

[0083] Fig. 10B An example feedback device 1010 is shown including a screen 1012 that outputs a vision test 1014 to a subject 1016. As described above, the vision screening test may require the subject 1016 to trace a symbol 1018 when the symbol 1018 appears on the feedback device 1010. For example, Fig. 10B The illustrated vision test shows a symbol 1018, such as the number "12", displayed on the screen 1012. Based at least in part on the user prompting the screen 1012 to display a different symbol 1018, the subject 1016 can input feedback to the feedback device 1010 by tracing the symbol 1018 of the vision test 1014. In this figure, the subject 1016 has begun tracing the symbol 1018, i.e., the number "12". The subject 1016's tracing can be detected by one or more touch sensors integrated with the screen 1012. In other examples, the touch sensor can detect the selection of one or more items on the screen 1012.

[0084] Fig. 10C An example feedback device 1018 is shown including a screen 1020 that outputs a vision test 1022 (e.g., a reading speed test) to a subject 1024. As described above, the vision test 1022 (e.g., a reading speed test) may require the subject 1024 to identify one or more words, phrases, or sentences. For example, Fig. 10C The eye test shown shows that the screen 1020 displays statements 1022, such as "Whitney's pillow was soft" and "Her blanket was soft too." Based at least in part on the user prompting the eye test screen 1020 to appear.

[0085] In the example of different words, phrases or sentences in the vision test 1022, the subject 1024 inputs feedback into the feedback device 1018 by touching the words 1020 in the vision test 1022, which can be detected by one or more touch sensors integrated with the screen 1020. In this figure, the subject 1024 clicks on the word "too".

[0086] Fig. 10DAn example feedback device 1024 is shown including a screen 1026 that outputs a vision test 1028 (e.g., a nearsightedness test) to a subject 1030. In some examples, the vision screening test may require the subject 1030 to identify whether one or more elements in the vision test 1028 correspond to elements provided by a vision test user or administrator. For example, Fig. 10D The illustrated vision test shows that a vision test 1028 (e.g., "PECFD") and icons 1032 (e.g., "Y" (corresponding to "yes") and "X" (corresponding to "no") are displayed on screen 1026. Based at least in part on the user reading the letter aloud with a voice, subject 1030 can select "Y" or "X" to determine that the letter spoken by the user corresponds to the letter on screen 1026. In this figure, subject 1030 selected the "yes" option. In various cases, the touch of subject 1030 can be detected by one or more touch sensors integrated with screen 1026.

[0087] Fig.11 The vision screening device 1102 is shown packaged with a card 1100 useful as an external medium. The package 1104 is configured to accommodate the vision screening device 1102 and the card 1100. In various embodiments, each card 1100 is a printed substrate displaying a specific vision test. In some cases, the cards 1100 display different vision tests respectively. The vision screening device 1102 includes a touch screen 1106. Select a sample card and attach it to the surface of the vision screening device 1102 opposite to the touch screen 1106. In some embodiments, the vision screening device 1102 detects the code of the card by receiving an NFC and / or RFID signal from the card. In some cases, the vision screening device 1102 includes a camera that captures an image of the code printed on the card before or when the card is attached to the vision screening device 1102.

[0088] FIG. 12A to FIG. 12C An example workflow for conducting a vision test on a subject using tablet computer 1200 as an external medium and feedback device is shown. Fig. 12ATablet computer 1200 is shown being used to evaluate subject 1202. As described above, user 1204 may hold tablet computer 1200 at a distance from subject 1202 so that subject 1202 can view a vision test displayed on tablet computer 1200. In some examples, a certain distance may be required between tablet computer 1200 and subject 1202 based on the vision test being performed. For example, the vision test being performed may require that tablet computer 1200 be placed at a predetermined distance from subject 1202 in order to obtain accurate results. In some examples, tablet computer 1200 may include one or more cameras that are capable of determining the distance from the camera to subject 1202. For example, the camera may capture an image of subject 1204. Based at least in part on the image, tablet computer 1200 may be used to determine the distance between subject 1204 and subject 1202.

[0089] The processor may determine a distance from tablet computer 1200 to subject 1202. Based at least in part on receiving an indication of selecting a vision test to be used to evaluate subject 1202, tablet computer 1200 may determine a necessary preferred distance between subject 1202 and tablet computer 1200. Tablet computer 1200 may compare the distance between subject 1202 and the tablet computer to the preferred distance to determine whether subject 1202 is too far or too close to tablet computer 1200.

[0090] In some examples, user 1204 can physically select and / or place a vision test printed on a card onto a side of tablet computer 1200 facing subject 1202. Additionally or alternatively, user 1204 can select a vision test from a variety of vision tests that can be displayed on tablet computer 1200. Based at least in part on user 1204 presenting the vision test to subject 1202, subject 1202 can respond to prompts from user 1204 with sound, or can observe physical behavior and other responsive actions. In this figure, subject 1202 is standing at a distance from user 1204 and test tablet computer 1200, and user 1204 has not yet selected a vision test to be performed.

[0091] Fig. 12B Tablet computer 1200 is shown providing instructions 1206 to user 1204 to facilitate vision testing. In various embodiments, tablet computer 1200 may include a camera that captures at least one image of subject 1202. Based on the image, tablet computer 1200 may determine whether subject 1202 is too close or too far from tablet computer 1200 for the vision test, such as Fig. 12ABased at least in part on the user 1204 selecting a particular vision test, the tablet computer 1200 outputs instructions 1206 to establish an appropriate distance between the tablet computer 1200 and the subject 1202 to properly perform the vision test. In this figure, the instruction 1206 that the subject 1202 is "Too close" has been provided to the user 1204 via the tablet computer 1200 in order to properly perform the selected vision test.

[0092] Fig. 12C User 1204 is shown inputting feedback into tablet computer 1200 via user interface element 1208. For example, subject 1202 may respond to auditory prompts from user 1204 regarding a vision test being performed, such as how subject 1202 perceives the test. In some examples, answers from subject 1202 may be manually input into tablet computer 1200 by user 1204 via user interface element 1208. For example, subject 1202 may say how the vision test is perceived. In response, user 1204 may touch user interface element 1208 on the screen of tablet computer 1200. Tablet computer 1200 may detect the feedback by detecting the touch of user 1204 on the screen. In other examples, tablet computer 1200 may automatically receive answers from subject 1202. For example, tablet computer 1200 may include one or more speakers that may be configured to receive audio and convert the audio into text. Tablet computer 1200 may then store the input as feedback.

[0093] Feedback is then catalogued by the user 1204 selecting an appropriate user interface element 1208.

[0094] Fig.13A and Fig. 13B An example workflow for performing vision screening using a vision screening device 1300 including a first screen 1302 and a second screen 1304 is shown.

[0095] Fig.13A A first screen 1302 of the vision screening device is shown, which may be a touch screen displayed to a user 1306. The user 1306 may operate the vision screening device 1300 by touching the first screen 1302. For example, the user 1306 may select a vision test 1308 for screening a subject by touching an icon displayed on the first screen 1302.

[0096] Fig. 13B The vision test 1308 is shown outputted by the second screen 1304. As shown, the second screen 1304 may be located on a different surface of the vision screening device 1300 than the first screen 1302. Accordingly, the subject may view the vision test 1308 while the user 1306 is viewing the first screen 1302.

[0097] Fig.14A and Fig. 14B Feedback device 1400 is shown configured to receive feedback directly from subject 1402 . Fig.14A Feedback device 1400 is shown outputting vision test 1404 to subject 1402 on touch screen 1406. Vision test 1404 includes a plurality of symbols. Subject 1402 inputs feedback about vision test 1404 into feedback device 1400 by tracing the symbols displayed on touch screen 1406. For example, one or more touch sensors integrated with touch screen 1406 detect the touch of subject 1402. Fig. 14B Another screen output is shown displaying a user interface element 1408 (e.g., an icon) on a touch screen 1406. Subject 1402 can input feedback by touching user interface element 1408. For example, feedback device 1400 determines that subject 1402 has completed vision test 1404 by detecting that subject 1402 has touched user interface element 1408.

[0098] FIG. 15A to FIG. 15C The workflow of performing vision screening using a handheld card 1500 as an external medium and a tablet computer 1502 as a feedback device is shown.

[0099] Fig.15A A vision test 1504 is shown printed on one side of the card 1500. Although color is not shown in this figure, in certain embodiments, the vision test 1504 includes a color vision test. Fig. 15B Subject 1506 is shown holding card 1500. In particular, the side of card 1500 displaying vision test 1504 can face subject 1506 so that subject 1506 can view vision test 1504. Code 1508 can be displayed on the other side of card 1500 so that code 1508 can face outward when subject 1506 is viewing vision test 1504. In some examples, code 1506 can face a user or administrator of the test so that the user or administrator of the test can scan code 1506 with a device such as a tablet, as described below. For example, Fig. 15C A user 1510 is shown operating a tablet computer 1502. In various embodiments, the tablet computer 1502 may include a camera configured to capture at least one image of the code 1508 displayed on the card 1500. Based on the code 1508, the tablet computer 1502 may include a camera configured to capture at least one image of the code 1508 displayed on the card 1500.

[0100] Brain 1502 can recognize vision test 1504 displayed on card 1500. Thus, after receiving feedback from subject 506 regarding the test, tablet computer 1502 and / or user 1510 can input the feedback into tablet computer 1502.

[0101] FIG. 16A to FIG. 16CThe workflow of performing vision screening with poster 1600 used as external media and tablet computer 1602 used as a feedback device is shown. Fig.16A A vision test 1604 is shown printed on a poster 1600 for viewing by a subject 1606. In particular, a plurality of vision tests 1604 may be printed on the poster 1600. However, the poster is merely an exemplary embodiment, and the vision test may be displayed on any external medium, such as by screen projection, on a card, or on paper, to name a few non-limiting examples. In addition, the poster 1600 may display a code 1608 that may allow the test-related results to be accurately scored and associated with the subject 1606. Fig. 16B A user 1610 is shown operating a tablet computer 1602. The tablet computer 1602 may have a camera configured to capture at least one image of a code 1608 displayed on the poster 1600. Based on the code 1608, the tablet computer 1602 may identify the vision test 1604 that the subject 1606 is viewing. Fig. 16C An example of feedback input by user 1610 regarding subject 1606's perception of vision test 1604 is shown. For example, subject 1606 may attempt to vocally read at least one row of symbols in vision test 1604, user 1610 may determine that subject 1606 incorrectly read at least one symbol, and user 1610 may indicate the incorrectly read row to tablet computer 1602 as feedback. In some cases, tablet computer 1602 may store or output the feedback. In some cases, tablet computer 1602 may determine a symptom of subject 1606 based on the feedback, and may store and / or output an indication of the symptom.

[0102] Fig.17A and Fig. 17B The workflow of performing vision screening with a laptop computer 1700 used as an external medium and a tablet computer 1702 used as a feedback device is shown. Fig.17A It is shown that a user 1704 operates a tablet computer 1702 at a first time. The tablet computer 1702 may have at least one camera configured to capture a screen image of the laptop computer 1700 when the screen is displaying a code 1706. Fig. 17B The vision test 1708 output by the laptop 100 at a second time is shown. In various cases, the tablet 1702 can identify the vision test 1708 based on the code 1706 displayed on the laptop 1700. In various embodiments, the subject 1710 can view the vision test 1708 and provide feedback about the vision test 1708. In some cases, the user 1704 and / or the subject 1710 inputs the feedback into the tablet 1702.

[0103] Fig.18An example process 1800 for performing vision screening using an external medium is shown. The process 1800 may be performed by an entity such as at least one processor, the vision screening device 104, the external medium 110, the test data store 114, the feedback device 116, or any combination thereof.

[0104] In step 1802, the entity identifies the vision test output by the external medium. For example, the entity can receive a signal from the external medium. In some cases, the signal can be a wireless signal (such as an RFID signal, an NFC signal, etc.) or light. In various embodiments, the signal indicates a code associated with the vision test. For example, the entity captures an image of a QR code or other type of barcode that is uniquely associated with the vision test and displayed through an external medium. In various embodiments, the external medium is a passive medium, such as a card, a poster, or another type of printed substrate. In some cases, the external medium is a device such as a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a VR headset, or a laptop computer. The vision test includes, for example, at least one of the following: a color vision test, a reading comprehension test, a concussion test, a myopia test, a reading speed test, or a visual acuity test.

[0105] Step 1804, the entity identifies feedback from the subject regarding the vision test. In some embodiments, the entity receives feedback directly from the subject. For example, the entity identifies feedback by detecting a shape drawn by the subject on a screen surface (e.g., using one or more touch sensors), a subject touching an icon displayed on the screen, or a subject sound indicating feedback. In some embodiments, the entity receives feedback from a non-subject user, or receives feedback by receiving a signal from an external device that detects feedback.

[0106] In step 1806, the entity assesses the subject by analyzing feedback based on the vision test. In various embodiments, the entity may determine whether the subject is suspected of having at least one eye symptom by analyzing feedback for the vision test. In some cases, the entity identifies the answer associated with the vision test and compares the answer with the feedback. The entity may compare the difference between the answer and the feedback with one or more thresholds. For example, if the difference is above a first threshold or below a first threshold, the entity may determine whether the subject is suspected of having at least one eye symptom. In certain embodiments, the entity may store, transmit, and / or output an indication of whether the subject is suspected of having an eye symptom.

[0107] Fig.19At least one example device 1900 is shown configured to enable and / or perform some or all of the functions described herein. In addition, the device 1900 can be implemented as one or more server computers 1902, network elements on dedicated hardware, software instances running on dedicated hardware, or virtual functions instantiated on appropriate platforms, such as cloud infrastructure, etc. It should be understood in the context of this disclosure that the device 1900 can be implemented as a single device or multiple devices with components and data distributed.

[0108] As shown, device 1900 includes memory 1904. In various implementations, memory 1904 is volatile memory (including components such as random access memory (RAM)), non-volatile memory (including components such as read-only memory (ROM), flash memory, etc.), or a combination of the two.

[0109] The memory 1904 may include at least the vision screening device 104, the vision test 108, the code 112, the answer

[0110] The vision screening device 104, the vision test 108, the code 112, the answer 202 or the result 206 and various other components. Any of the vision screening device 104, the vision test 108, the code 112, the answer 202 or the result 206 may include a method, a thread, a process, an application or any other type of executable instructions. The vision screening device 104, the vision test 108, the code 112, the answer 202 or the result 206 and various other elements stored in the memory 1904 may also include files and databases.

[0111] The memory 1904 may include various instructions (e.g., instructions in the vision screening device 104, the vision test 108, the code 112, the answer 202, or the result 206) that are executable to perform operations by at least one processor 1914. In some embodiments, the processor 1914 includes a central processing unit (CPU), a graphics processing unit (GPU), a combination of a CPU and a GPU, or any other processing unit or component known in the art.

[0112] The device 1900 may also include additional data storage (removable and / or non-removable) such as magnetic or optical disks or tapes. Fig.19In the embodiment of the present invention, such additional storage is shown as removable storage 1918 and non-removable storage 1920. Tangible computer-readable media can include volatile and non-volatile media, removable and non-removable media, which can be implemented in any method or technology for storing information such as computer-readable instructions, data structures, program modules or other data. Memories 1904, 1918 and non-removable storage 1920 are examples of computer-readable storage media. Computer-readable storage media include, but are not limited to, RAM, ROM, EEPROM, flash memory or other storage technology, CD-ROM, digital versatile disk (DVD), content addressable memory (CAM) or other optical storage, magnetic cassettes, magnetic tape, disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium that can be used to store the desired information and can be accessed by device 1900. Any such tangible computer-readable media can be part of device 1900.

[0113] The device 1900 may also include an input device 1922 (such as a keyboard, a cursor control, a touch-sensitive display, a voice input device, etc.) and an output device 1924 (such as a display, a speaker, a printer, etc.). These devices are well known in the art and need not be described in detail herein. In a specific embodiment, a user may provide input to the device 500 through a user interface associated with the input device 1922 and / or the output device 1924.

[0114] like Fig.19 As shown, the device 1900 may also include one or more wired or wireless transceivers 1916. For example, the transceiver 1916 may include a network interface card (NIC), a network adapter, a LAN adapter, or a physical address, a virtual address, or a logical address to access various base stations or networks or various user devices and servers described herein. In order to increase throughput when exchanging wireless data, the transceiver 1916 may utilize multiple-input / multiple-output (MIMO) technology. The transceiver 1916 may include any wireless transceiver capable of wireless radio frequency (RF) communication. The transceiver 1916 may also include other wireless modems, such as for Wi-Fi, WiMAX, Bluetooth, or infrared.

[0115] Modem for communications.

[0116] In some embodiments, the transceiver 1916 can be used to communicate between various functions, components, modules, etc. included in the device 1900. For example, the transceiver 1916 can facilitate communication between the vision screening device 104 and other devices storing vision tests 108, codes 112, answers 202, or results 206.

[0117] Sample Clauses

[0118] In some cases, one or more components may be referred to herein as being "configured to," "configurable to," "operable / operable to," "adapted / adaptable to," "capable of," "conformable / conformable to," etc. Those skilled in the art will recognize that such terms (e.g., "configured to") may generally encompass active state components and / or inactive state components and / or standby state components, unless the context requires otherwise.

[0119] As used herein, the expression "based on" may be synonymous with "based at least in part on" and "based at least in part on."

[0120] As used herein, the expressions "comprises / comprising / comprised" and "includes / including / included" and their equivalents are used interchangeably. An apparatus, system, or method "comprising A, B, and C" includes A, B, C, but may also include other components (e.g., D). That is, the apparatus, system, or method is not limited to components A, B, C.

[0121] Although the disclosed subject matter has been described in language specific to structural features and / or methodological acts, it is to be understood that the subject matter defined in the appended claims is not necessarily limited to the specific features or acts described above.

[0122] A. A vision screening system comprising: an external medium displaying a vision test and a code; at least one camera configured to capture an image of the external medium; at least one input device configured to detect a response from a subject to viewing the vision test; a processor configured to: recognize the code based on the image of the external medium; recognize the vision test based on the code; determine whether the subject's eye has characteristics of a symptom based on the vision test and the response; and generate an output indicating whether the eye has characteristics of the symptom.

[0123] B. A vision screening system according to clause A, wherein the image is a first image, the symptom is a first symptom, and the system further includes a light source configured to project infrared radiation onto the subject's eye, the camera is further configured to capture a second image of the eye, the second image indicating the eye's response to the infrared radiation; the processor is further configured to: determine whether the eye has characteristics of the second symptom based on the second image; and generate additional output indicating that the eye has characteristics of the second symptom.

[0124] C. The vision screening system according to clause B further includes a transceiver, wherein the processor is configured to perform at least one of the following: causing the transceiver to provide a first signal to an electronic device via a network, the first signal indicating whether the eye has characteristics of the first symptom; or causing the transceiver to provide a second signal to the electronic device via the network, the second signal indicating whether the eye has characteristics of the second symptom.

[0125] D. A vision screening system according to clause A, B or C, wherein the external medium includes at least one of the following: a printed substrate; a projector configured to project the vision test and the code; or a screen configured to display the vision test and the code.

[0126] E. A vision screening system according to clause A, B, C or D, wherein the vision test includes at least one of the following: a color vision test; a reading comprehension test; a concussion test; a myopia test; a reading speed test; or a visual acuity test.

[0127] F. A vision screening system as described in clauses A, B, C, D or E, wherein the at least one input device includes at least one of the following: a microphone configured to detect an audible signal indicative of the response; a touch sensor configured to detect a touch signal indicative of the response; or a button configured to receive a press signal indicative of the response.

[0128] G. A vision screening system as described in clause A, B, C, D, E or F, wherein the image is a first image and the at least one camera is configured to capture a second image of the eye, the second image indicating the response.

[0129] H. A vision screening system as described in clauses A, B, C, D, E, F or G, wherein the at least one camera, the at least one input device and the processor are integrated into a handheld housing and the external medium is separate from the housing.

[0130] I. A method comprising: capturing an image of an external medium; identifying a vision test associated with the external medium based on the image; receiving vision test characterization feedback from a subject; and determining whether the subject has eye symptoms based on the vision test characterization feedback.

[0131] J. A method according to clause I, wherein identifying a vision test associated with the external medium based on the image comprises: identifying a code displayed by the external medium based on the image; and identifying the vision test based on the code.

[0132] K. The method according to clause I or J further includes: receiving from the external medium the recognition of the visual

[0133] At least one of the RFID signal or the NFC signal is tested.

[0134] L. A method according to clause I, J or K, wherein receiving vision test characterization feedback from the subject includes receiving at least one of the following: a signal indicating that the subject traced a shape on a substrate; an audio signal; or a signal indicating that the subject selected an item on a substrate.

[0135] M. A method according to clause I, J, K or L, wherein determining whether the subject has eye symptoms includes: identifying answers associated with the vision test; determining one or more differences between the answers and the feedback; and determining that the subject has the eye symptoms based on the differences.

[0136] N. The method according to clause I, J, K, L or M also includes: sending a signal to an external device indicating whether the subject is suspected of having the eye symptom; and storing the determination of whether the subject has the eye symptom.

[0137] O. The method according to clause I, J, K, L, M or N also includes: outputting a signal indicating whether the subject is suspected of having the eye symptom.

[0138] P. A device comprising: a processor; a memory storing instructions, which, when executed by the processor, cause the processor to perform the following operations: receive a first signal from an external medium; identify a vision test associated with the external medium based on the first signal; receive a second signal from an input device, the second signal indicating a subject's response to viewing the vision test; and determine whether the subject has eye symptoms based on the vision test and the second signal.

[0139] Q. The device according to item P also includes: at least one camera configured to capture an image of the external medium, wherein identifying the vision test associated with the external medium based on the first signal includes: identifying a code displayed on the external medium based on the image; and identifying the vision test based on the code.

[0140] R. The device of clause P or Q, further comprising: a transceiver configured to receive the second signal from the external medium, the second signal comprising at least one of an RFID signal or an NFC signal.

[0141] S. The device according to P, Q or R further includes: one or more touch sensors configured to detect an indication that the subject is touching the external medium, wherein the second signal includes a shape drawn by the subject touching the external medium.

[0142] T. An apparatus as described in clause P, Q, R or S, wherein determining whether the subject has eye symptoms includes: identifying an answer associated with the vision test; determining one or more differences between the answer and the second signal; and determining that the subject has the eye symptoms based on the one or more differences between the answer and the second signal.

Claims

1. A vision screening system, comprising: External medium showing the vision test and code; at least one camera configured to capture an image of the external medium; at least one input device configured to detect from a subject a response of the subject to viewing the vision test; and Processor, configured as: recognizing the code based on the image of the external medium; identifying the vision test based on the code; determining whether the subject's eye is characteristic of a symptom based on the vision test and the response; and An output is generated indicating whether the eye has characteristics of the symptom.

2. The vision screening system according to claim 1, wherein: The image is a first image, the symptom is a first symptom, and the system further comprises a light source configured to project infrared radiation onto an eye of the subject, The camera is further configured to capture a second image of the eye, the second image indicating a response of the eye to the infrared radiation; and The processor is further configured to: determining whether the eye has characteristics of a second symptom based on the second image; and An additional output is generated indicating that the eye has a characteristic of the second symptom.

3. The vision screening system of claim 2, further comprising a transceiver, wherein: The processor is configured to perform at least one of the following: causing the transceiver to provide a first signal to an electronic device via a network, indicating whether the eye has characteristics of the first symptom; or The transceiver is caused to provide a second signal to the electronic device via the network indicating whether the eye has characteristics of the second symptom.

4. The vision screening system according to claim 1, wherein: The external media includes at least one of the following: printed substrate; a projector configured to project the vision test and the code; or A screen configured to display the vision test and the code.

5. The vision screening system according to claim 1, wherein: The vision test includes at least one of the following: Color vision test; Reading comprehension test; Concussion testing; Myopia test; a reading speed test; or Visual acuity test.

6. The vision screening system according to claim 1, wherein: The at least one input device comprises at least one of the following: a microphone configured to detect an audible signal indicative of the response; a touch sensor configured to detect a touch signal indicative of the response; or A button is configured to receive a press signal indicative of the response.

7. The vision screening system according to claim 1, wherein: The image is a first image, and the at least one camera is configured to capture a second image of the eye, the second image being indicative of the response.

8. The vision screening system according to claim 1, wherein: The at least one camera, the at least one input device, and the processor are integrated into a handheld housing; and The external medium is separate from the housing.

9. A method comprising: Capturing images of external media; identifying a vision test associated with the external medium based on the image; receiving feedback from the subject on the visual acuity test characterization; and A determination is made as to whether the subject has an eye symptom based on the vision test characterization feedback.

10. The method according to claim 9, wherein: The vision test associated with the external medium based on the image recognition includes: recognizing a code displayed on the external medium based on the image; and The vision test is identified based on the code.

11. The method according to claim 9, further comprising: At least one of an RFID signal or an NFC signal identifying the vision test is received from the external medium.

12. The method according to claim 9, wherein: Receiving vision test characterization feedback from the subject includes receiving at least one of the following: a signal instructing the subject to trace a shape on a substrate; an audio signal; or A signal instructing the subject to select an item on the substrate.

13. The method according to claim 9, wherein: Determining whether the subject has ocular symptoms comprises: identifying an answer associated with the vision test; determining one or more differences between the answer and the feedback; and The subject is determined to have the ocular symptom based on the difference.

14. The method according to claim 9, further comprising: sending a signal to an external device indicating whether the subject is suspected of having the eye symptom; and The determination of whether the subject has the ocular symptom is stored.

15. The method according to claim 9, further comprising: A signal indicating whether the subject is suspected of having the ocular symptom is output.

16. A device comprising: processor; and A memory storing instructions, wherein when the instructions are executed by the processor, the processor performs the following operations: receiving a first signal from an external medium; identifying a vision test associated with the external medium based on the first signal; receiving a second signal from an input device, the second signal indicating a response of the subject to viewing the vision test; and A determination is made whether the subject has an eye symptom based on the vision test and the second signal.

17. The apparatus according to claim 16, further comprising: at least one camera configured to capture an image of the external medium, Wherein, identifying the vision test associated with the external medium based on the first signal includes: recognizing a code displayed on the external medium based on the image; and The vision test is identified based on the code.

18. The apparatus of claim 16, further comprising: The transceiver is configured to receive the second signal from the external medium, wherein the second signal includes at least one of an RFID signal or an NFC signal.

19. The apparatus of claim 16, further comprising: One or more touch sensors configured to detect an indication that the subject is touching the external medium, wherein the second signal includes a shape drawn by the subject touching the external medium.

20. The apparatus of claim 16, wherein: Determining whether the subject has the ocular symptom comprises: identifying an answer associated with the vision test; determining one or more differences between the answer and the second signal; and The subject is determined to have the ocular symptom based on the one or more differences between the answer and the second signal.

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