A device for centralized collection and pretreatment of household kitchen waste in a community for biomass utilization

Abstract

The application discloses a device for centralized collection and timely and full-amount pretreatment of household kitchen garbage in a community for biomass utilization, which comprises a frame, an inlet hopper, a shunting component, two stirring barrels, a cleaning assembly, two stirrers arranged in the stirring barrels, a supporting plate, two stirring core lifting components, an outlet hopper, a hard bone collection drawer, a hard bone sorting transmission assembly, a hard bone sorting driving assembly and an outer shell. The device can be used all day long, and can collect and pretreat the daily household kitchen garbage with small daily amount. In the pretreatment process, food residues are crushed, and organic matters on hard bones are stripped. Meanwhile, large hard bones which can cause damage to subsequent processing equipment for biomass utilization are separated and collected by controlling the solid size in the kitchen garbage slurry. After the large hard bones are removed, the kitchen garbage slurry flows into a slurry temporary storage pool, so that the centralized collection, timely treatment and full-amount resource utilization of household kitchen garbage are realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of mechanical device technology and relates to a kitchen waste pretreatment device, specifically a community-based household kitchen waste centralized collection and timely full-volume pretreatment device that connects with biomass utilization. Background Technology

[0002] Waste sorting and recycling is a major national strategic initiative related to sustainable development and people's livelihood. Household waste can generally be divided into four categories: recyclable waste, kitchen waste, hazardous waste, and other waste. Currently, the market offers a wide variety of smart recyclable waste sorting bins (facilities) that integrate weighing, crushing or compressing, and points-based redemption functions. Furthermore, many of these smart recyclable waste sorting bins (facilities), as public welfare projects, also have hazardous waste recycling capabilities. It can be said that the recycling and processing technologies for recyclable and hazardous waste in household waste are relatively mature. However, due to the small daily output of household kitchen waste, its daily occurrence, and its highly perishable nature, its recycling and processing are difficult. Therefore, most communities lack dedicated facilities for kitchen waste recycling and processing. Even in communities where kitchen waste recycling bins are installed, they often merely serve as containers for the centralized accumulation of kitchen waste, such as common flip-top plastic kitchen waste bins. As we all know, kitchen waste is perishable. If it accumulates and is not disposed of promptly, even with the bin lid on, it will inevitably lead to problems such as fly and insect breeding, foul odors, and overflowing wastewater. To address this issue, some communities have provided airtight kitchen waste recycling bins. However, due to the small and dispersed daily output from each household, these bins are frequently opened, compromising their sealing. More importantly, the capacity of both common flip-top plastic kitchen waste bins and airtight recycling bins in communities is generally not large, inevitably leading to insufficient bin or recycling capacity, especially during holidays when kitchen waste often goes undisposed. Due to the aforementioned factors, many community residents currently classify household kitchen waste as part of other waste and dispose of it together. This not only prevents the effective resource utilization of kitchen waste, which accounts for a significant portion of household waste (according to relevant statistics, kitchen waste accounts for as much as 50-60% of household waste), but also significantly increases the volume and difficulty of disposing of other waste (kitchen waste has a high water content and is easily perishable; mixing it with other waste will inevitably cause secondary pollution). Therefore, the recycling and disposal of household kitchen waste is currently a difficult and critical challenge in the classification and recycling of household waste.

[0003] Patent application number 202210480799.3 discloses an intelligent kitchen waste processor capable of automatically weighing, breaking open bags, collecting garbage bags, coarsely crushing kitchen waste, separating solids and liquids, and separating oil and water. In this patent, some liquid in the crushed waste first flows through a solid-liquid separation mechanism into an oil separation mechanism. The crushed waste then enters the solid-liquid separation mechanism, where the compression separates the solids and liquids. The solids are collected, while the liquid flows into the oil separation mechanism, where the grease is separated and collected. The core idea of ​​this patent is to separate and recycle the solids and grease from kitchen waste, while the low-value liquid is discharged as wastewater. However, the liquid in kitchen waste is also a recyclable resource. Separating the liquid from kitchen waste and discharging it as wastewater not only reduces the resource utilization rate of kitchen waste but also increases the amount of domestic sewage to be treated. More importantly, this patented product cannot be effectively integrated with the mainstream biomass utilization and disposal model for food waste (a collective term for catering waste and kitchen waste). Considering efficiency and effectiveness, current food waste biomass utilization companies centrally transport food waste for diversified processing within their facilities, rather than directly transferring secondary products such as solids and grease from kitchen waste. In particular, household kitchen waste is generated in small, dispersed amounts daily. Even in large communities, the amount of solids and grease obtained after removing liquids from kitchen waste is limited. Therefore, these secondary products are often not processed promptly, and most companies are unwilling to process them daily. This results in the actual effectiveness of the patented product often falling far short of expectations. While it appears to process waste promptly, it not only fails to achieve full resource utilization of kitchen waste but also increases wastewater treatment and fails to address the problem of the perishable nature of kitchen waste requiring timely removal. Furthermore, deploying a certain number of these devices in each community would be difficult to implement effectively due to the disproportionate input and output.

[0004] For example, the invention patent with application number 202010910910.9 addresses current problems in food waste disposal, such as inadequate crushing and grinding, and environmentally unfriendly practices. It specifically designs a crushing chamber, grinding chamber, filter chamber, fermentation agent storage chamber, organic fertilizer conversion storage chamber, and oil-water chamber. Clearly, this patent primarily targets situations where food waste is concentrated and generated at relatively fixed times, such as in the catering industry and institutional canteens. Furthermore, its numerous functions, lengthy processing flow, and large footprint essentially cater to food waste biomass utilization enterprises and are obviously unsuitable for community-based household food waste recycling and disposal.

[0005] For example, invention patent application number 202111534281.5 discloses an anti-tangling stirring mechanism for a food waste processor. This patent provides an anti-tangling stirring mechanism for a food waste processor, featuring axially movable blades on the stirring shaft to cut away vegetable leaves, fruit peels, etc., tangled on the shaft. It is evident that this patent only addresses the problem of vegetable leaves and other materials easily tangling in food waste processing. In fact, this problem is not a critical issue for the current mainstream model of food waste biomass utilization and disposal. The key issue in the current biomass utilization and disposal of food waste is how to effectively separate and utilize the hard bones in food waste. If the hard bones in food waste are not effectively separated, it will directly cause increased wear and tear on subsequent processing equipment and even equipment blockage; at the same time, hard bones are also a recyclable resource, and the difficulty in their resource utilization lies in the presence of easily perishable substances such as uneaten meat near the bone. Considering the above reasons, biomass utilization companies that centrally collect kitchen waste often require collection personnel to manually separate the hard bones during collection. Obviously, under this model, the hard bones in kitchen waste cannot be completely separated and cannot be effectively utilized as resources.

[0006] In summary, although my country has a relatively complete process for the recycling and treatment of kitchen waste, the lack of supporting facilities at the source of kitchen waste generation, such as in communities, makes household kitchen waste recycling and treatment a difficult and painful point in the current household waste sorting and recycling process. Furthermore, most current solutions for kitchen waste recycling and treatment serve enterprises utilizing kitchen waste for biomass utilization, while the limited solutions for communities cannot effectively connect with the mainstream models of kitchen waste biomass utilization and treatment. In addition, the key issue of separating the raw materials and processing methods related to kitchen waste biomass utilization and treatment remains unresolved. Therefore, developing a community-based centralized collection and timely full-volume pretreatment device for household kitchen waste that connects to biomass utilization is of significant practical importance for promoting the implementation of household waste sorting and treatment. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to address the problems arising from the current lack of suitable recycling and processing devices for household kitchen waste, or the numerous practical problems in the use of existing devices, which often lead to the mixing of household kitchen waste with other waste. This invention designs a community-based centralized collection and timely full-volume pre-processing device for household kitchen waste that integrates with biomass utilization. This device can be used around the clock, centrally collecting and pre-processing the small daily volume of kitchen waste generated by households. During the pre-pulping process, not only are food scraps broken down, but organic matter remaining on bones is also removed. Simultaneously, by controlling the solid size in the kitchen waste slurry, large pieces of bone that could damage subsequent biomass utilization equipment are separated and recycled separately. The kitchen waste slurry after removing large pieces of bone flows into a slurry storage tank, thereby achieving centralized collection, timely processing, and full resource utilization of household kitchen waste. It also achieves efficient integration with food waste biomass utilization enterprises, thus "turning swill into treasure," effectively reusing household kitchen waste and significantly reducing the amount of household waste to be disposed of.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0009] A community-based household kitchen waste centralized collection and timely full-volume pretreatment device that integrates biomass utilization includes: a frame 1, a feeding funnel 2, a diversion component 3, two mixing tanks 4, a washing component 5, two agitators installed inside the mixing tanks 4 6, a support plate 7, two agitator core lifting components 8, a discharge funnel 9, a hard bone collection drawer 10, a hard bone sorting transmission component 11, a hard bone sorting drive component 12, and a shell.The diversion component 3 consists of a diversion baffle 3-1, a servo motor 3-2, and a servo motor connector 3-3. The diversion baffle 3-1 is a circular plate with a circular opening of the same diameter as the feed inlet on the mixing tank 4. The servo motor 3-2 drives the diversion baffle 3-1 to rotate. When the circular opening is aligned with the feed inlet of one of the mixing tanks 4, the feed funnel 2 can be connected to that mixing tank. At the same time, the feed inlet on the other mixing tank 4 is sealed by the diversion baffle 3-1. The mixing tank 4 is equipped with a stirrer 6, which is fitted with the mixing tank 4 with a conical surface. Below the stirrer 6 is a stirring core lifting component 8. The two mixing tanks 4, the two stirrers 6, and the two stirring core lifting components 8 constitute two identical pre-mixed slurries with separating hard bones. The unit consists of two sets of pre-mixing units arranged symmetrically side-by-side in the device. During use, only one inlet on the mixing tank is open. When the amount of kitchen waste reaches 2 / 3 of its volume, the circular hole of the diversion baffle 3-1 is rotated 180° to close this inlet for pre-mixing, while simultaneously opening the inlet of the other mixing tank. This ensures timely processing of kitchen waste without causing queues during peak periods. The mixer 6 consists of a metal blade 6-1, a mixing core 6-2, a motor 6-3 housed inside the mixing core 6-2, a rubber blade 6-4, a blade sleeve 6-5, and a mixing core base 6-6. The metal blade 6-1 and rubber blade 6-4 are fixed to the output shaft of the motor 6-3 by the blade sleeve 6-5. The metal blade 6-1 mainly plays a crucial role in the pulping process. The rubber blade 6-4 primarily functions as a crushing agent during the pulping process. Under the combined action of the metal blade 6-1 and the rubber blade 6-4, solid residues such as vegetable leaves and fish bones in the kitchen waste are crushed. Simultaneously, organic matter remaining on large hard bones, such as uneaten meat attached to the bone, is also separated, thus producing a kitchen waste pulp containing only large hard bones. The stirring core lifting assembly 8 consists of a drive motor 8-1, a lead screw nut and its connecting parts 8-2 and 8-3, a lever 8-4, a swing arm 8-5, a frame connecting part 8-6, and a vertical lifting rod 8-7. One end of the vertical lifting rod 8-7 is fixed to the stirring core base 6-6, while the other end is connected to the lever 8-4. The motor 6-3 stops when pulping is complete. In operation, the drive motor 8-1 in the stirring core lifting component 8 drives the lead screw 8-3 to rotate, which in turn lifts the lead screw nut and its connecting part 8-2 upward. Through the lever 8-4 connected to the lead screw nut and its connecting part 8-2, the stirring core 6-2 is lifted upward a certain distance. The kitchen waste slurry flows down from the gap between the stirring core 6-2 and the stirring tank 4 into the discharge funnel 9, while large pieces of hard bone remain in the stirring tank 4. After the flow meter at the outlet of the stirring tank 4 detects that no more slurry is dripping, the stirring core lifting component 8 lifts the stirring core 6-2 to the highest point. At this time, the large pieces of hard bone fall down and are made to fall into the hard bone collection drawer 10 by the action of the hard bone sorting transmission component 11 and the hard bone sorting drive component 12, thus realizing the separation of large pieces of hard bone from kitchen waste.

[0010] The discharge hopper 9 has a square inverted cone hollow structure, and is equipped with a hard bone sorting transmission assembly 11 and a hard bone sorting drive assembly 12 inside. A hard bone collection drawer 10 is installed at the front end.

[0011] The hard bone collection drawer 10 is equipped with ball bearing slides on both sides to enable smooth movement, making it easy for staff to pull out the hard bone collection drawer 10 to collect the hard bones.

[0012] The rubber blade 6-4 is divided into upper and lower groups, with each group having 4 blades. The length of the upper group of blades is twice the length of the lower group of blades.

[0013] The feeding funnel 2 is a hollow square basin structure. Its inner wall is a combination of a straight upper wall and an inverted cone lower wall, and its outer wall is a square structure with a bottom. The space between the inner and outer walls is hollow and can store water. A ring of fine holes is opened on the upper straight wall of the inner wall. When the water level in the hollow structure exceeds the position of the fine holes, the water will spray out through the fine holes, thereby flushing the kitchen waste remaining in the feeding funnel into the mixing bucket, achieving the purpose of cleaning the feeding funnel 2 and ensuring its cleanliness. At the bottom of the feeding funnel 2, there are two round holes with the same position and size as the feed inlet of the mixing bucket 4 for the kitchen waste to fall into. At the same time, there is a water outlet pipe 5-1 connected to the bottom of the cleaning component 5 for water injection.

[0014] The cleaning assembly 5 consists of a water injection pipe 5-1, a water injection flange adapter pipe 5-2, a water inlet flange adapter pipe 5-3, and a water pump 5-4. The water injection pipe 5-1 is connected to the feed funnel 2 to pump the cleaning water into the hollow water storage area formed between its inner and outer walls. The horizontal water inlet flange adapter pipe 5-3 is connected to the water supply device.

[0015] The support plate 7 is fixed on the frame 1 and is used to place the mixing tank 4 and the cleaning assembly 5. The area where the mixing tank 4 is placed has a protrusion to enhance its strength.

[0016] The bone sorting transmission assembly 11 consists of a sorting baffle 11-1, a discharge ramp 11-2, and hinges 11-3. The sorting baffle 11-1 and the discharge ramp 11-2 are connected by two hinges 11-3. The baffle 11-1 is connected to the bone sorting drive assembly 12 by a lead screw nut 12-3 in the bone sorting drive assembly 12. The bone sorting transmission assembly 11 has two working positions: the baffle 11-1 is located in the middle of the discharge funnel 9 and moves to the connection between the discharge funnel 9 and the bone collection drawer 10. When the baffle 11-1 moves axially to the connection between the discharge funnel 9 and the bone collection drawer 10, the discharge ramp 11-2 falls vertically due to the lack of support below, and the bones on the discharge ramp 11-2 fall into the collection drawer 10.

[0017] The hard bone sorting drive assembly 12 consists of a drive motor 12-1, a lead screw 12-2, and a lead screw nut 12-3. The drive motor 12-1 is connected to the lead screw 12-2 via a coupling, driving the lead screw 12-2 to rotate, causing the lead screw nut 12-3 to move axially, which in turn drives the baffle 11-1 connected to it to move together, realizing the switching between two positions of the baffle 11-1 and the discharge inclined plate 11-2.

[0018] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention include the following aspects.

[0020] (1) The device of the present invention has two sets of pre-slurry units (including mixing tanks, agitators, and a stirring core lifting component) arranged side by side. During use, the "error-proof" design of the diversion component allows only one mixing tank inlet to be opened. When the amount of kitchen waste reaches 2 / 3 of its volume, the diversion baffle in the diversion component rotates 180 degrees, closing the inlet of this mixing tank for pre-slurry preparation while opening the inlet of the other mixing tank. This achieves timely processing of kitchen waste without causing queuing during peak periods. In addition, a temporary storage tank for kitchen waste slurry is also provided to meet the daily processing needs of kitchen waste in medium-sized communities.

[0021] (2) The device described in this invention, through the combined action of rubber blade and metal blade, not only crushes the softer and more easily tangled parts of kitchen waste, such as long vegetable leaves, into slurry, but also removes the residues attached to the hard bones, thereby pre-treating all kitchen waste into kitchen waste slurry and smooth hard bones that are not easily decomposed. The kitchen waste slurry flows into an underground slurry pool for centralized temporary storage, which facilitates efficient transfer by biomass utilization enterprises. The hard bones are collected in a certain quantity and then specially recycled, realizing the full and efficient resource utilization of kitchen waste.

[0022] (3) The device described in this invention, by controlling the lifting height of the stirring core and utilizing the different gap sizes formed between the stirring core and the stirring tank after the stirring core is lifted, achieves efficient separation of hard bones from kitchen waste slurry. This not only solves the key problem of hard bone separation in the biomass utilization and disposal of kitchen waste, but also ensures the effectiveness and thoroughness of hard bone separation, thereby effectively avoiding the hidden danger of damage to subsequent processing equipment caused by the presence of hard bones in kitchen waste.

[0023] (4) The device described in this invention is in a fully enclosed state during the food waste treatment process, and a cleaning component is also provided for the feed funnel corresponding to the food waste. No odors or sewage will be generated during the food waste treatment and temporary storage process, which will not affect the environment or cause a poor user experience. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1This is an overall schematic diagram of the kitchen waste and treatment device (excluding the outer casing) described in this invention.

[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the bone sorting section in the device of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the shunt component and its installation location in the device of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the relative positions of the flow distribution component, mixing tank, agitator, and stirring core lifting component in the device of the present invention, wherein one side of the mixing tank is removed (indicated by a double-dotted line) to show the agitator inside.

[0028] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the stirrer and its components in the device of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the stirring core lifting component in the device of the present invention and its connection with the stirring core.

[0030] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the feed funnel structure in the device of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the cleaning component in the device of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the support plate structure in the device of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the hard bone sorting transmission component and the hard bone sorting drive component in the device of the present invention.

[0034] The diagram shows: 1. Frame; 2. Feed hopper; 3. Diverting component; 3-1. Diverting baffle; 3-2. Steering motor; 3-3. Steering motor connector; 4. Mixing tank; 5. Cleaning assembly; 5. Water injection pipe; 5-1. Water injection flange adapter; 5-2. Water inlet flange adapter; 5-3. Water pump; 5-4. Mixer; 6. Metal blade; 6-1. Mixing core; 6-2. Motor; 6-3. Rubber blade; 6-4. Blade sheath; 6-5. Mixing core base; 6-6. Support plate; 7. Mixing core lift. Lifting component 8, drive motor 8-1, lead screw nut and its connecting parts 8-2, lead screw 8-3, lever 8-4, swing arm 8-5, frame connecting parts 8-6, vertical lifting rod 8-7, discharge funnel 9, hard bone collection drawer 10, hard bone sorting transmission assembly 11, sorting baffle 11-1, discharge ramp 11-2, hinge 11-3, hard bone sorting drive assembly 12, drive motor 12-1, lead screw 12-2, lead screw nut 12-3. Detailed Implementation

[0035] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0036] like Figure 1-10 As shown.

[0037] A community-based household kitchen waste centralized collection and timely full-volume pretreatment device integrating biomass utilization includes: a frame 1, an infeed funnel 2, a diversion component 3, two mixing tanks 4, a washing component 5, two agitators installed inside the mixing tanks 4 6, a support plate 7, two agitator core lifting components 8, an outlet funnel 9, a hard bone collection drawer 10, a hard bone sorting transmission component 11, a hard bone sorting drive component 12, and a housing. (See also...) Figure 1 and Figure 2 .in:

[0038] The diversion component 3 consists of a diversion baffle 3-1, a servo motor 3-2, and a servo motor connector 3-3. The diversion baffle 3-1 is a circular plate with a circular opening of the same diameter as the feed inlet on the mixing tank 4. The servo motor 3-2 drives the diversion baffle 3-1 to rotate. When the circular opening is aligned with the feed inlet of one of the mixing tanks 4, the feed funnel 2 can be connected to that mixing tank. At the same time, the feed inlet on the other mixing tank 4 is sealed by the diversion baffle 3-1. See [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 3 and Figure 4 .

[0039] The mixing tank 4 is equipped with a stirrer 6, which is conically fitted to the mixing tank 4. Below the stirrer 6 is a stirring core lifting component 8. The two mixing tanks 4, two stirrers 6, and two stirring core lifting components 8 constitute two identical pre-slurry units with separating hard aggregates. The two pre-slurry units are arranged symmetrically side-by-side in the device. During use, only one inlet on the mixing tank is open. When the amount of kitchen waste reaches 2 / 3 of its volume, the circular hole of the diversion baffle 3-1 is rotated 180° to close this inlet for pre-slurrying, while simultaneously opening the inlet of the other mixing tank. This ensures timely processing of kitchen waste without causing queues during peak disposal times. (See also...) Figure 4 .

[0040] The mixer 6 consists of a metal blade 6-1, a stirring core 6-2, a motor 6-3 housed inside the stirring core 6-2, a rubber blade 6-4, a blade sleeve 6-5, and a stirring core base 6-6. The metal blade 6-1 and rubber blade 6-4 are fixed to the output shaft of the motor 6-3 by the blade sleeve 6-5. The metal blade 6-1 mainly functions to crush the food waste during the pulping process, while the rubber blade 6-4 mainly functions to beat it. Under the combined action of the metal blade 6-1 and rubber blade 6-4, solid residues such as vegetable leaves and fish bones in the kitchen waste are crushed, and organic matter remaining on large hard bones, such as uneaten meat attached to the bone, is also separated, thus turning the kitchen waste into a pulp containing only large hard bones. The rubber blade 6-4 is divided into upper and lower groups, each group having four blades. The length of the upper group of blades is twice the length of the lower group of blades. (See [reference]). Figure 5 .

[0041] The stirring core lifting assembly 8 consists of a drive motor 8-1, a lead screw nut and its connecting piece 8-2, a lead screw 8-3, a lever 8-4, a swing arm 8-5, a frame connecting piece 8-6, and a vertical lifting rod 8-7. One end of the vertical lifting rod 8-7 is fixed to the stirring core base 6-6, and the other end is connected to the lever 8-4. When the pulping is completed, the motor 6-3 stops working, and the drive motor 8-1 in the stirring core lifting assembly 8 drives the lead screw 8-3 to rotate, causing the lead screw nut and its connecting piece 8-2 to lift upwards. The lever 8-4 connected to 8-2 lifts the mixing core 6-2 upwards a certain distance. The kitchen waste slurry flows down from the gap between the mixing core 6-2 and the mixing tank 4 into the discharge funnel 9, while large pieces of bone remain in the mixing tank 4. Once the flow meter at the outlet of the mixing tank 4 detects no more slurry dripping, the mixing core lifting component 8 lifts the mixing core 6-2 to its highest point. At this point, the large pieces of bone fall out and, through the action of the bone sorting transmission component 11 and the bone sorting drive component 12, fall into the bone collection drawer 10, thus achieving the separation of large pieces of bone from the kitchen waste. (See also...) Figure 6 .

[0042] The discharge hopper 9 has a square inverted cone hollow structure, and is equipped with a hard bone sorting transmission assembly 11 and a hard bone sorting drive assembly 12. A hard bone collection drawer 10 is installed at the front end. Ball bearing slides are installed on both sides of the hard bone collection drawer 10 to achieve smooth movement, facilitating the pulling out of the hard bone collection drawer 10 for hard bone recycling. (See [reference]) Figure 2 .

[0043] like Figure 7As shown, the feeding funnel 2 is a hollow square basin structure. Its inner wall is a combination of a straight upper wall and an inverted cone lower wall, and its outer wall is a square structure with a bottom. The space between the inner and outer walls is hollow and can store water. A ring of fine holes is opened on the upper straight wall of the inner wall. When the water level in the hollow structure exceeds the position of the fine holes, the water will spray out through the fine holes, thereby flushing the kitchen waste remaining in the feeding funnel into the mixing bucket, achieving the purpose of cleaning the feeding funnel 2 and ensuring its cleanliness. At the bottom of the feeding funnel 2, there are two round holes with the same position and size as the feeding port of the mixing bucket 4 for the kitchen waste to fall into. At the same time, there is a water outlet pipe 5-1 connected to the bottom of the cleaning component 5 for water injection.

[0044] like Figure 8 As shown, the cleaning assembly 5 consists of a water injection pipe 5-1, a water injection flange adapter pipe 5-2, a water inlet flange adapter pipe 5-3, and a water pump 5-4. The water injection pipe 5-1 is connected to the feed funnel 2 to pump the cleaning water into the hollow water storage area formed between its inner and outer walls. The water inlet flange adapter pipe 5-3 is connected to the water supply device.

[0045] like Figure 9 As shown, the support plate 7 is fixed on the frame 1 and is used to place the mixing tank 4 and the cleaning assembly 5. The area where the mixing tank 4 is placed has a protrusion to enhance its strength.

[0046] like Figure 10 As shown. The bone sorting transmission assembly 11 consists of a sorting baffle 11-1, a discharge ramp 11-2, and hinges 11-3. The sorting baffle 11-1 and the discharge ramp 11-2 are connected by two hinges 11-3. The baffle 11-1 is connected to the bone sorting drive assembly 12 by a lead screw nut 12-3. The bone sorting transmission assembly 11 has two working positions: the baffle 11-1 is located in the middle of the discharge funnel 9, and it is moved to the connection point between the discharge funnel 9 and the bone collection drawer 10. When the baffle 11-1 moves axially to the connection point between the discharge funnel 9 and the bone collection drawer 10, the discharge ramp 11-2 falls vertically due to the lack of support below, and the bones on the discharge ramp 11-2 fall into the collection drawer 10. The bone sorting drive assembly 12 consists of a drive motor 12-1, a lead screw 12-2, and a lead screw nut 12-3. The drive motor 12-1 is connected to the lead screw 12-2 through a coupling, which drives the lead screw 12-2 to rotate, causing the lead screw nut 12-3 to move axially, thereby driving the baffle 11-1 connected to it to move together, realizing the change between the baffle 11-1 and the discharge inclined plate 11-2 in two positions.

[0047] The working process of this invention is as follows:

[0048] Kitchen waste is fed into the mixing tank 4 through the upper feed funnel 2. When the kitchen waste reaches 2 / 3 of the total volume of the mixing tank 4, the servo motor 3-2 located between the two mixing tanks 4 rotates, causing the diversion baffle 3-1 to rotate as well. This blocks the inlet of the full mixing tank while opening the inlet of the other mixing tank, allowing more kitchen waste to be fed into the empty tank. At the same time, the full mixing tank begins to process the kitchen waste inside. Under the combined action of the metal blade 6-1 and the rubber blade 6-4, solid residues such as vegetable leaves and fish bones in the kitchen waste are broken up. At the same time, organic matter remaining on large pieces of hard bones in the kitchen waste, such as meat that has not been cleaned off the bones, is also separated, thus turning the kitchen waste into a slurry containing only large pieces of animal hard bones. After processing, the mixing core lifting component 8 installed outside the tank lifts the mixing core 6-2 a short distance, allowing the slurry to flow down from the outlet of the mixing tank into the discharge funnel 9 and then into the slurry storage tank through the pipe. When the flow sensor at the outlet of the mixing tank detects that the slurry in the tank has run out, the drive motor 12-1 below moves the sorting baffle 11-1 a certain distance towards the bone collection drawer 10, positioning the sorting baffle 11-1 in the middle of the discharge funnel 9. The mixing core 6-2 continues to rise to the top, causing any uncrushed animal bones to fall onto the discharge ramp 11-2 connected to the sorting baffle 11-1. When the sensor at the outlet of the mixing tank detects that no bones have fallen for a period of time, the sorting baffle 11-1 continues to move axially to the edge of the discharge funnel 9, causing the discharge ramp 11-2 to fall vertically, allowing the bones on it to fall into the bone collection drawer 10. Subsequently, the mixing core 6-2 and the sorting baffle 11-1 are both driven back to their initial positions by their respective motors, preparing for the next food waste processing.

[0049] The parts not covered in this invention are the same as or can be implemented using existing technologies.

Claims

1. A community-based device for centralized collection and timely full-volume pretreatment of household kitchen waste that integrates biomass utilization, comprising: The components include a frame (1), a feed hopper (2), a diversion component (3), two mixing tanks (4), a cleaning assembly (5), two agitators (6) installed inside the mixing tanks (4), a support plate (7), two agitator core lifting components (8), a discharge hopper (9), a bone collection drawer (10), a bone sorting transmission assembly (11), a bone sorting drive assembly (12), and a housing; wherein the diversion component (3) consists of a diversion baffle (3-1), a servo motor (3-2), and a servo motor connector (3-3), and the diversion baffle (3-1) is a device with an opening diameter equal to that of the feed inlet on the mixing tank (4). A circular plate with a circular opening is rotated by a servo motor (3-2) driving a flow divider (3-1). When the circular opening aligns with the feed inlet of one of the mixing tanks (4), the feed funnel (2) and the mixing tank can be connected. At the same time, the feed inlet of the other mixing tank (4) is blocked by the flow divider (3-1). The mixing tank (4) is equipped with a stirrer (6), which is fitted with the mixing tank (4) with a conical surface. A stirring core lifting component (8) is installed below the stirrer (6). The two mixing tanks (4), the two stirrers (6), and the two stirring core lifting components (8) constitute two identical sets. It has a pre-mixing unit for separating hard bones; two sets of pre-mixing units are arranged symmetrically side by side in the device. When in use, only the feed port on the mixing tank is open. When the amount of kitchen waste reaches 2 / 3 of its volume, the round hole of the diversion baffle (3-1) is rotated 180° to close this feed port for pre-mixing, while the feed port of the other mixing tank is opened. This achieves timely processing of kitchen waste without causing queuing during peak hours. The agitator (6) consists of a metal blade (6-1), a mixing core (6-2), a motor (6-3) installed inside the mixing core (6-2), a rubber blade (6-4), and a blade. The system consists of a sleeve (6-5) and a stirring core base (6-6). The metal blade (6-1) and rubber blade (6-4) are fixed by the sleeve (6-5) to the output shaft of the motor (6-3) installed inside the stirring core (6-2). The metal blade (6-1) mainly plays a crushing role in the pulping process, while the rubber blade (6-4) mainly plays a knocking role. Under the combined action of the metal blade (6-1) and the rubber blade (6-4), the solid residue in the kitchen waste is crushed, and the organic matter remaining on the large pieces of hard bone in the kitchen waste is also separated, thus turning the kitchen waste into a kitchen waste slurry containing only large pieces of hard bone.The stirring core lifting component (8) consists of a drive motor (8-1), a lead screw nut and its connecting parts (8-2), a lead screw (8-3), a lever (8-4), a swing arm (8-5), a frame connecting parts (8-6), and a vertical lifting rod (8-7). One end of the vertical lifting rod (8-7) is fixed to the stirring core base (6-6), and the other end is connected to the lever (8-4). When the pulping is completed, the motor (6-3) installed inside the stirring core (6-2) stops working, and the drive motor (8-1) in the stirring core lifting component (8) drives the lead screw (8-3) to rotate, which drives the lead screw nut and its connecting parts (8-2) to lift upwards. The lever (8-4) connected to the nut and its connecting parts (8-2) lifts the mixing core (6-2) upwards a certain distance. The kitchen waste slurry flows down from the gap between the conical mixing core (6-2) and the mixing tank (4) into the discharge funnel (9), while large pieces of hard bone remain in the mixing tank (4). After the flow meter at the outlet of the mixing tank (4) detects that no more slurry is dripping, the mixing core lifting component (8) lifts the mixing core (6-2) to its highest point. At this time, the large pieces of hard bone fall down and, through the action of the hard bone sorting transmission component (11) and the hard bone sorting drive component (12), they fall into the hard bone collection drawer (10), thus realizing the separation of large pieces of hard bone from kitchen waste.

2. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: The discharge hopper (9) has a square inverted cone hollow structure, and is equipped with a hard bone sorting transmission assembly (11) and a hard bone sorting drive assembly (12) inside. A hard bone collection drawer (10) is installed at the front end.

3. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hard bone collection drawer (10) is equipped with ball bearing slides on both sides to achieve smooth movement, making it easy for staff to pull out the hard bone collection drawer (10) to recycle the hard bones.

4. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rubber blade (6-4) is divided into upper and lower groups, each group is equipped with 4 blades, and the length of the upper group of blades is twice the length of the lower group of blades.

5. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feeding funnel (2) is a hollow square basin structure. Its inner wall is a combination of a straight upper wall and an inverted cone lower wall, and its outer wall is a square structure with a bottom. A hollow water storage structure is formed between the inner wall and the outer wall. A ring of fine holes is opened on the upper straight wall of the inner wall. When the water level in the hollow water storage structure exceeds the position of the fine holes, the water will spray out through the fine holes to flush the kitchen waste remaining in the feeding funnel into the mixing bucket, thereby cleaning the feeding funnel (2) and ensuring its cleanliness. The bottom of the feeding funnel (2) has two round holes with the same position and size as the feed inlet of the mixing bucket (4) for the kitchen waste to fall into. At the same time, there is a hole at the bottom that is connected to the water injection pipe (5-1) of the cleaning component (5) for water injection.

6. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cleaning assembly (5) consists of a water injection pipe (5-1), a water injection flange adapter pipe (5-2), a water inlet flange adapter pipe (5-3), and a water pump (5-4). The water injection pipe (5-1) is connected to the feed funnel (2) to pump the cleaning water into the hollow water storage structure formed between its inner and outer walls. The water inlet flange adapter pipe (5-3) is connected to the water supply device.

7. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support plate (7) is fixed on the frame (1) for placing the mixing tank (4) and the cleaning assembly (5), and the area where the mixing tank (4) is placed has a protrusion to enhance its strength.

8. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bone sorting transmission assembly (11) consists of a sorting baffle (11-1), a discharge ramp (11-2), and hinges (11-3); the sorting baffle (11-1) and the discharge ramp (11-2) are connected by two hinges (11-3), and the sorting baffle (11-1) is connected to the bone sorting drive assembly (12) by a screw nut (12-3); the bone sorting transmission assembly (11) has two There are two working positions: the sorting baffle (11-1) is located in the middle of the discharge funnel (9) and moves to the connection between the discharge funnel (9) and the hard bone collection drawer (10); when the sorting baffle (11-1) moves axially to the connection between the discharge funnel (9) and the hard bone collection drawer (10), the dropping plate (11-2) falls vertically due to the lack of support below, and the hard bone on the dropping plate (11-2) falls into the hard bone collection drawer (10).

9. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hard bone sorting drive assembly (12) consists of a drive motor (12-1), a lead screw (12-2), and a lead screw nut (12-3). The drive motor (12-1) of the hard bone sorting drive assembly (12) is connected to the lead screw (12-2) of the hard bone sorting drive assembly (12) through a coupling, which drives the lead screw (12-2) of the hard bone sorting drive assembly (12) to rotate, causing the lead screw nut (12-3) of the hard bone sorting drive assembly (12) to move axially, thereby driving the sorting baffle (11-1) connected to it to move together, realizing the transformation between the sorting baffle (11-1) and the discharge inclined plate (11-2) between two positions.

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