A method of machining a ring-shaped part

Abstract

The application discloses a machining method of a ring-shaped part, and the machining precision is higher. The method comprises the following steps: scribing; roughly turning one end face and an inner hole of the part; roughly turning another end face of the part; drawing a center line based on a non-machining face of the part, which is used for drilling and milling processing alignment; machining an axial through hole and a waist-shaped groove on the part to be in place, and roughly machining circumferentially-distributed radial holes, the axial through hole and the circumferentially-distributed radial holes are machined in the same clamping to ensure the relative position relationship between the axial through hole and the circumferentially-distributed radial holes; milling a tab shape at an edge part of the part; finely turning one end face and a circular inner hole of the part; finely turning another end face of the part and machining an inner hole taper; machining an axial blind hole on the part; finely machining all radial holes on the part; milling a notch, and the notch is connected with the circumferentially-distributed radial holes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of machining technology, and in particular to a method for machining ring-shaped parts. Background Technology

[0002] The support ring is a key component of a variable geometry turbocharger, installed between the gas intake and exhaust housings to mount the adjustable nozzle ring blades. Therefore, it requires precise dimensions and radial bore spacing. Failure to do so will affect the gas intake flow, reducing turbocharger performance, and in severe cases, may cause interference between the installed nozzle ring blades and the nozzle cover, damaging the turbocharger. Due to the complex structure and high dimensional accuracy requirements of this component, the following machining challenges exist:

[0003] 1. The radial holes are relatively long, with a depth of 186mm at the two bosses and a boss length of 76mm, requiring a machining tool length of at least 300mm. (Inner hole area) The stepped circle requires high dimensional accuracy. (Inner hole diameter) The existing equipment's spindle head cannot extend into the inner hole for machining. (Minimum diameter of the through hole) The coaxiality requirement with the hole is high, and it cannot be guaranteed by using boring and milling from the outside.

[0004] 2. The part is a cast blank, requiring a significant amount of material to be removed during machining. To minimize deformation after finishing, rough machining is performed at the center of the radial holes. The through hole is difficult to align during subsequent finishing. The center and angle of the hole. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a method for processing ring-shaped parts with higher processing accuracy.

[0006] The objective of this invention is achieved as follows:

[0007] A method for machining a ring-shaped part includes the following steps:

[0008] 10 lines

[0009] Mark the end face machining lines;

[0010] 20 rough car

[0011] Rough-machine one end face and inner hole of the part;

[0012] 30 rough car

[0013] The other end face of the rough-machined part;

[0014] 40 lines

[0015] Draw center lines using the non-machined surfaces of the part as a reference, for alignment during drilling and milling.

[0016] 50 CNC milling

[0017] The axial through holes and waist-shaped grooves on the part are machined in place, and the radial holes evenly distributed in the circumferential direction are rough machined. The axial through holes and the radial holes evenly distributed in the circumferential direction are machined in the same clamping to ensure the relative positional relationship between the axial through holes and the radial holes evenly distributed in the circumferential direction.

[0018] 60 CNC Milling

[0019] Mill the outline of the hub at the edge of the part;

[0020] 70 precision lathe

[0021] One end face and circular inner hole of a precision-machined part;

[0022] 80 precision machining

[0023] The other end face of the part is precision machined, and the inner hole taper is machined;

[0024] 90 CNC Milling

[0025] Machining axial blind holes on parts;

[0026] 100 CNC Milling

[0027] All radial holes on the precision-machined part;

[0028] 110 CNC Milling

[0029] Mill a notch, which connects to the circumferentially distributed radial holes.

[0030] Preferably, in step 10, a circular line is also drawn for adjustment.

[0031] Preferably, in step 20, the large end face of the part is rough machined; in step 30, the small end face of the part is rough machined; in step 70, the small end face of the part is finish machined; and in step 80, the large end face of the part is finish machined.

[0032] Preferably, in steps 70 and 80, a machining fixture is taken, the part is placed flat on the machining fixture, two symmetrical axial holes of the part are selected as positioning holes, and positioning pins are inserted into the positioning holes of the part and the machining fixture to form positioning of the part. A pressure plate is connected to the base by bolts, and the clamp is pressed by the pressure plate.

[0033] Preferably, the part is a support ring. In step 100, a milling fixture is used for clamping. When machining the remaining radial holes, the milling fixture is used to align the circumferentially distributed radial holes that have been machined on the part. An angle head is used to rough and finish mill the stepped holes from the inner hole side to the qualified size. After removing the indexing head, the stepped holes are rough and finish milled from the outer circle side to the qualified size.

[0034] Preferably, the outer peripheral surface of the milling fixture is stepped and shaft-shaped, and the milling fixture has an inner hole.

[0035] In step 50, when rough machining the radial holes that are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction, two locating pin holes are machined in the axial direction, and the line connecting the centers of the two locating pin holes passes through the center of the tooling.

[0036] In step 100, the positioning pin hole on the milling fixture is engaged with the positioning pin hole on the support ring, and the pin is used for positioning. The fixture has a straight edge that is parallel to the line connecting the center of the positioning pin hole. This straight edge is used to align the angle of the radial hole. By aligning the inner hole of the milling fixture and the straight edge, the center of the machined radial hole can be aligned.

[0037] Due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0038] 1. For machining long radial holes, the process can be divided into two parts, machined from the inner and outer sides respectively. The inner hole side can use an angle head to change the machining direction, converting from vertical to horizontal machining. The outer diameter side is machined horizontally by a five-axis machine in the same clamping.

[0039] 2. For the fine machining alignment of radially distributed holes, two locating pin holes can be machined along the axial direction during the rough machining of the radial holes. With the help of the alignment fixture, the center of the rough-machined radial holes can be aligned. Attached Figure Description

[0040] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the support ring installation;

[0041] Figure 2 For the support ring machining drawing;

[0042] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of radial holes (uniformly distributed circumferentially);

[0043] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of radially elongated holes (not evenly distributed circumferentially);

[0044] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a milling fixture (the upper part of the diagram shows the straight edge used for alignment);

[0045] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of step 20;

[0046] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of step 30;

[0047] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of step 50;

[0048] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of step 70;

[0049] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of step 80;

[0050] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the part;

[0051] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the notch location (R0.5 is the axial waist-shaped notch). Detailed Implementation

[0052] In response to the dimensional and geometric tolerance requirements of the support ring structure, the following solutions are proposed to address the above machining issues:

[0053] 1. Due to radial and Holes have high dimensional tolerances and coaxiality requirements; therefore, radial holes are typically designed with a diameter of [missing information]. The hole serves as the boundary, dividing the process into two parts, one of which... The hole is machined from the inner hole side. The hole is machined from the outer diameter side. Both parts are machined using a five-axis machine in a single operation and setup. The machining of the inner radial hole utilizes an angle head, converting the vertical machining mode to a horizontal one. Hole machining in place; outer side The holes are machined horizontally using a five-axis machine.

[0054] 2. During rough machining of the radial hole, axial joints at 24 points on the end face are... The through holes are machined in a single setup, ensuring the relative positional relationship between the axial and radial holes. Two symmetrical axial holes are selected as locating holes, and a leveling fixture is added. During finish machining, the leveling fixture can be used to locate the radial holes from the rough machining. The center of the through hole. 4. Beneficial effects

[0055] A reliable and stable manufacturing method has been found for machining support rings and similar long radial hole ring-shaped parts:

[0056] 1. For machining long radial holes, the process can be divided into two parts, machined from the inner and outer sides respectively. The inner hole side can use an angle head to change the machining direction, converting from vertical to horizontal machining. The outer diameter side is machined horizontally by a five-axis machine in the same clamping.

[0057] 2. For the alignment of radially distributed holes during finish machining, two locating pin holes can be machined along the axial direction during the rough machining of the radial holes. Combined with an alignment fixture, this allows for the alignment of the center of the rough-machined radial holes. 5. Detailed Implementation Method

[0058] The specific machining plan for the parts is as follows:

[0059] 10. Marking lines (marking machining lines on the end face and round lines for adjustment).

[0060] →20 Rough turning (rough turning the end face and inner hole)

[0061] →30 Rough Cart (Other end of the rough cart)

[0062] →40 Marking line (mark a center line based on the non-machined surface, used for alignment during drilling and milling).

[0063] →50 CNC milling (machining axial through holes, oblong grooves, and 2 positioning holes; rough machining radial holes)

[0064] →60 CNC milling (milling the outline of the mounting bracket)

[0065] →70 Finish turning (finish turning end face and inner hole)

[0066] →80 Fine turning (finish turning the other end face)

[0067] →90 CNC milling (machining the remaining axial holes)

[0068] →100 CNC milling (machines all radial holes)

[0069] →110 CNC milling (milling 2 notches to connect with the corresponding radial holes)

[0070] →120 clamps

[0071] 1. In the 50-stage milling process, the axial positioning hole and the radial hole are machined in the same clamping, which ensures the relative positional relationship between the axial positioning hole and the radial hole. With the CTA120-XG186 milling fixture, the center of the machined radial hole can be aligned during the 100-stage milling process.

[0072] 2.100 CNC milling operation for radial holes: Align the machined radial holes on the part using a aligning fixture, and use an angle head for rough and finish milling from the inner hole side. and Hole, drill, reamer Holes to drawing dimensions. After removing the dividing head, rough and finish milling is performed from the outer diameter side. Hole dimensions as shown on the drawing.

[0073] The CTA120-XG186 tooling for milling alignment in operation 3.100 is available. The center line of the positioning pin hole passes through the center of the tooling and intersects with the support ring. The locating pin hole fits, using a two-pin method on one side for positioning. This ensures that after clamping, the center of the machined radial hole passes through the center of the fixture. A straight edge on the fixture is parallel to the line connecting the centers of the locating pin holes, used to align the angle of the radial hole. By aligning the inner hole and straight edge of the fixture, the center of the machined radial hole can be aligned.

[0074] The process table is as follows:

[0075]

[0076]

[0077]

[0078]

[0079] Finally, it should be noted that the above preferred embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail through the above preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that various changes can be made to it in form and detail without departing from the scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for processing a ring-shaped part, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: 10 lines Mark the end face machining lines; 20 rough carts Rough-machine one end face and inner hole of the part; 30 rough car The other end face of the rough-machined part; 40 lines Draw center lines using the non-machined surfaces of the part as a reference, for alignment during drilling and milling. 50 CNC Milling The axial through holes and waist-shaped grooves on the part are machined in place, and the radial holes evenly distributed in the circumferential direction are rough machined. The axial through holes and the radial holes evenly distributed in the circumferential direction are machined in the same clamping to ensure the relative positional relationship between the axial through holes and the radial holes evenly distributed in the circumferential direction. 60 CNC Milling Mill the outline of the hub at the edge of the part; 70 precision turning One end face and circular inner hole of a precision-machined part; 80 precision machining The other end face of the part is precision machined, and the inner hole taper is machined; 90 CNC Milling Machining axial blind holes on parts; 100 CNC Milling All radial holes on the precision-machined part; 110 CNC Milling Mill the notch, and connect the notch with the radially distributed holes in the circumferential direction; In steps 70 and 80, take the machining fixture, place the part flat on the machining fixture, select two symmetrical axial holes of the part as positioning holes, insert the positioning pin into the positioning hole of the part and the machining fixture to position the part, and the base is connected to the pressure plate by bolts to press the latch. The part is a support ring. In step 100, a milling fixture is used for clamping. When machining the remaining radial holes, the milling fixture is used to align the circumferentially distributed radial holes that have been machined on the part. An angle head is used to rough and finish mill the stepped holes from the inner hole side to the qualified size. After removing the indexing head, the stepped holes are rough and finish milled from the outer circle side to the qualified size. The milling fixture has a stepped shaft-like outer circumference and an inner hole. In step 50, when rough machining the radial holes that are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction, two locating pin holes are machined in the axial direction, and the line connecting the centers of the two locating pin holes passes through the center of the tooling. In step 100, the positioning pin hole on the milling fixture is engaged with the positioning pin hole on the support ring, and the pin is used for positioning. The fixture has a straight edge that is parallel to the line connecting the center of the positioning pin hole. This straight edge is used to align the angle of the radial hole. By aligning the inner hole of the milling fixture and the straight edge, the center of the machined radial hole can be aligned.

2. The method for processing a ring-shaped part according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 10, a circular line needs to be drawn for adjustment.

3. The method for processing a ring-shaped part according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step 20, the large end face of the part is rough machined; in step 30, the small end face of the part is rough machined; in step 70, the small end face of the part is finish machined; in step 80, the large end face of the part is finish machined.

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