Excitation box based on electromagnetic driving and multidirectional excitation applying method

Abstract

The invention relates to a vibration excitation box based on electromagnetic driving and a multidirectional vibration excitation applying method.The vibration excitation box comprises an outer cylinder, annular embedded bases, guide rails, impact sliding block units, reset traction ropes, anti-interference wires, electromagnets, impact gaskets and a single-pole double-throw switch control circuit, and the annular embedded bases are fixed to the inner wall of the outer cylinder and are evenly arranged in the length direction of the outer cylinder; the four guide rails are symmetrically fixed to the annular embedded bases, the impact sliding block unit is arranged in the center of the four guide rails in a free sliding mode, the reset traction rope is connected with the impact sliding block unit, one end of the anti-interference wire is connected with the guide rails, and the other end of the anti-interference wire extends out of the outer cylinder and is connected with the single-pole double-throw switch control circuit. The electromagnet is fixed outside the head end of the outer cylinder, and the impact gasket is fixed inside the tail end of the outer cylinder. The shock excitation box is simple in structure and not prone to damage; impact excitation force and torque can be applied and adjusted in any direction by changing the mounting directions of the excitation boxes and combining and connecting different excitation boxes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of testing technology, and specifically relates to an excitation box based on electromagnetic drive and a multi-directional excitation application method, which is suitable for applying excitation when performing dynamic tests on various structures. Background Art

[0002] Structural dynamic characteristics testing is an important method for structural seismic design and structural damage assessment. Any structure can be simplified into a dynamic system consisting of stiffness, mass, and damping matrices. The equivalent stiffness and damping values ​​of the structure are key indicators for evaluating its seismic resistance. At the same time, when damage occurs inside the structure, its overall stiffness, mass, and damping parameters are bound to change, which in turn leads to changes in the system frequency response function or related modal parameters. Therefore, the current state and degree of damage of the structure can be evaluated by collecting the dynamic parameters of the structure. In recent years, with the rapid development of sensor and computer technology, various structural dynamic characteristics testing methods based on this technology have achieved long-term development, and the test accuracy has also been greatly improved. It has gradually become an essential means for engineering acceptance or daily service status monitoring of various underground structures, ground bridges, offshore wind power and drilling platforms and other important infrastructure.

[0003] Commonly used structural dynamic characteristics test methods mainly include steady-state sinusoidal excitation method, free vibration method, pulse test method and transfer function method. Each test method has its advantages and limitations, and a reasonable dynamic test method needs to be selected according to the actual test needs. In general, researchers have done a lot of detailed research on the sensor characteristics and signal processing methods that should be used in various dynamic test methods, and have rich practical experience. However, there is less attention paid to the excitation equipment used in dynamic testing, and the hand hammer hammering method is still widely used for the application of transient excitation (pulse). However, there is a problem that the excitation direction and the magnitude of the excitation force are difficult to accurately control when hammering, and it is also difficult to apply torsional excitation to the structure. In particular, in recent years, with the improvement of my country's construction level and design concept, the appearance and internal structure of various engineering structures have become more and more complex. More comprehensive dynamic testing is needed to have a more accurate understanding of the dynamic characteristics of the structure. Applying multi-directional excitation to the structure and collecting its corresponding dynamic signals have become an important means to fully understand its dynamic characteristics. However, there is still a lack of suitable excitation devices that can be used to generate controllable test pulses for complex structures. Summary of the invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is, in view of the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, to provide an excitation box based on electromagnetic drive and a multi-directional excitation application method. The excitation box has a simple structure, is not easy to be damaged, and can adapt to various harsh environmental working conditions; at the same time, by changing the installation orientation of the excitation box and the combined connection between different excitation boxes, the application of impact force and impact torque in any direction can be achieved, and the size of the impact excitation can be adjusted by changing the size of the current flowing through the guide rail.

[0005] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the above technical problems is: An excitation box based on electromagnetic drive comprises an outer cylinder, an annular embedded base, a guide rail, an impact slider unit, a reset traction rope, an anti-interference wire, an electromagnet, an impact gasket and a single-pole double-position switch control circuit, wherein the annular embedded base is fixed to the inner wall of the outer cylinder, and multiple groups are evenly arranged along the length direction of the outer cylinder, four guide rails are provided, and the four guide rails are symmetrically fixed on each group of annular embedded bases, the impact slider unit is freely slidably arranged at the center of the four guide rails, one end of the reset traction rope is connected to the impact slider unit, and the other end extends out of the head end of the outer cylinder, one end of the anti-interference wire is connected to the guide rail, and the other end extends out of the head end of the outer cylinder and is connected to the single-pole double-position switch control circuit; the electromagnet is fixed to the outside of the head end of the outer cylinder, and the impact gasket is fixed to the inside of the end of the outer cylinder; the single-pole double-position switch control circuit comprises a single-pole double-position switch, and the single-pole double-position switch is connected to the electromagnet and the guide rail respectively, and is used to control the electromagnet and the guide rail to be energized (current start and stop) respectively.

[0006] According to the above scheme, the outer cylinder is square or cylindrical, and a hole is reserved at the head of the outer cylinder for the anti-interference wire and the reset traction rope to pass through. The hole is sealed (to prevent dust or liquid from entering the inner part of the outer cylinder); the outer cylinder and other parts of the excitation box are insulated (to ensure that the outer cylinder is not electrified during use).

[0007] According to the above scheme, the annular embedded base is evenly provided with 4 grooves along the annular direction, and the 4 groups of grooves are arranged at 90° intervals along the annular embedded base. The four guide rails are respectively fixed on the grooves corresponding to each group of annular embedded bases.

[0008] According to the above scheme, the annular embedded base is an insulator, and the number of annular embedded bases arranged ensures that the guide rail fixed thereon remains stable and does not shake during use.

[0009] According to the above scheme, the guide rail is made of conductive material, the length of the guide rail is slightly smaller than the length of the outer cylinder, and the two ends of the guide rail do not contact the outer cylinder.

[0010] According to the above scheme, the impact slider unit includes an iron block, a cross slide and an impact hammer, and the iron block, the cross slide and the impact hammer are fixedly connected by insulating materials. The cross slide is arranged in the middle of the impact slider unit, and is formed by a vertical combination of a transverse guide bar and a longitudinal guide bar. The transverse guide bar and the longitudinal guide bar are fixedly connected by insulating materials. The transverse guide bar and the longitudinal guide bar are made of conductive materials and are respectively arranged on two guide rails relatively distributed on the annular embedded base. When the guide rails are energized, the two symmetrically distributed guide rails and the transverse guide bar and the longitudinal guide bar together form a closed loop. At this time, the cross slide slides along the guide rails under the action of electromagnetic force; the iron block is installed on the side of the cross slide close to the head end of the outer cylinder, and is used to attract the iron block by the electromagnet before applying excitation, so as to fix the impact slider unit on the head end of the guide rail; the impact hammer is installed on the side of the cross slide close to the end of the outer cylinder, and the hammer body of the impact hammer is made of different materials according to needs, and is used to hammer the impact gasket at the end of the outer cylinder when the cross slide slides to the end of the guide rail to generate excitation.

[0011] According to the above scheme, when the single-pole double-position switch is placed in the position where the electromagnet is energized, the guide rail is de-energized; when the single-pole double-position switch is placed in the position where the guide rail is energized, the electromagnet is de-energized.

[0012] The present invention also provides a method for applying multi-directional excitation to the excitation box based on electromagnetic drive, comprising the following steps: (1) Fixing the excitation box: fix the end or outer surface of the excitation box to the surface of the object to be excited (hereinafter referred to as the target object) by gluing or welding; (2) Preparation before applying the excitation. After fixing the excitation box, the preparation work before applying the excitation is carried out. First, the single-pole double-position switch is placed in the electromagnet power-on position, and then the reset traction rope is pulled to pull the impact slider unit to the head end of the outer cylinder so that it is attracted by the energized electromagnet and fixed at the head end of the outer cylinder; (3) Applying excitation. After the above steps are completed, the single-pole double-position switch is placed in the guide rail power-on position. At this time, the electromagnet is de-energized and the magnetic force disappears. The longitudinal and transverse guide bars on the impact slider unit and the corresponding guide rail form a closed loop. The energized guide rail generates a magnetic field. The energized longitudinal and transverse guide bars are subjected to the Lorentz force in the magnetic field, which jointly pushes the impact slider unit along the guide rail to the end of the outer cylinder and finally impacts the impact gasket at the end of the outer cylinder. The impact force is transmitted to the target object through the excitation box, thereby completing the application of the excitation effect.

[0013] According to the above scheme, in step (1), if it is necessary to apply excitation perpendicular to the surface of the target object, the end of the excitation box is fixed to the surface; if it is necessary to apply excitation tangential to the surface of the target object, the outer surface of the excitation box is fixed to the surface of the target object, and the angle of the excitation box is determined according to the actual excitation direction to be applied.

[0014] According to the above scheme, in step (1), if torsional excitation is required to be applied to the target object, multiple excitation boxes are connected in series, and each excitation box is fixed in a symmetrical position, and an impact torque is applied to the target object by applying a force couple.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. The excitation box has a simple structure, is not easy to damage, has a clear test principle, can adapt to various harsh environmental conditions, has a low failure rate in daily use, can be used repeatedly, and has good economy; 2. The method is applicable to a wide range of working conditions. The excitation box can be fixed to any surface of the structure by a suitable fixing method, and the shape and flatness requirements of the test surface are relatively low; 3. According to the actual test requirements, by changing the installation direction of the excitation box and the combined connection between different excitation boxes, the excitation force in any direction can be applied, and torsional excitation can be applied to the structure; at the same time, the applied excitation intensity can also be quantitatively calculated and accurately controlled and adjusted by changing the current of the guide rail, which is beneficial to improve the accuracy of structural dynamic testing. Therefore, it can meet most working conditions and has obvious potential for engineering application promotion. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is a front cross-sectional view of the excitation box based on electromagnetic drive of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a top cross-sectional view of the excitation box based on electromagnetic drive of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a side cross-sectional view of the excitation box based on electromagnetic drive of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the single-pole double-position switch control circuit of the electromagnetically driven excitation box of the present invention; Figure 5 A schematic diagram of applying torsional excitation to the electromagnetically driven excitation box of the present invention (taking an offshore single pile foundation as an example); Figure 6 for Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the structure of the connection between the middle vibration box controller and multiple vibration boxes (taking the offshore single pile foundation as an example); In the figure: 1-outer cylinder; 2-annular embedded base; 3-electromagnet; 4-anti-interference wire; 5-reset traction rope; 6-guide rail; 7-impact hammer; 8-insulating material; 9-longitudinal guide bar; 10-transverse guide bar, 11-iron block, 12-impact gasket. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] The specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but it should be understood that the protection scope of the present invention is not limited by the specific embodiments. Unless otherwise expressly indicated, throughout the specification and claims, the term "comprise" or its variations such as "comprises" or "comprising" etc. will be understood to include the stated elements or components, without excluding other elements or other components.

[0018] Reference Figure 1~Figure 3 As shown, the electromagnetically driven excitation box described in the present invention comprises an outer cylinder 1, an annular embedded base 2 fixed to the inner wall of the outer cylinder, a guide rail 6 fixed on the annular embedded base 2, an impact slider unit (composed of an impact hammer 7, an insulating material 8, a longitudinal guide bar 9, a transverse guide bar 10 and an iron block 11) that can slide freely along the guide rail 6, a reset traction rope 5 connected to the impact slider unit, an electromagnet 3 fixed to the outer side of the head end of the outer cylinder 1, an impact gasket 12 fixed to the inner side of the end of the outer cylinder 1, a single-pole double-set switch control circuit including a single-pole double-set switch 13, and an anti-interference wire 4, one end of the anti-interference wire 4 is connected to the guide rail 6, and the other end extends out of the head end of the outer cylinder 1 and is connected to the single-pole double-set switch control circuit, and the single-pole double-set switch is connected to the electromagnet 3 and the guide rail 6 respectively, and is used to control the electromagnet 3 and the guide rail 6 to be energized (current start and stop) respectively.

[0019] The outer cylinder 1 is square or cylindrical, and the material can be flexibly selected according to specific needs. A hole is reserved at the head of the outer cylinder 1 for the anti-interference wire 4 and the reset traction rope 5 to pass through. The hole is well sealed to prevent dust or liquid from entering the inner part of the outer cylinder; the outer cylinder 1 and other parts of the excitation box are well insulated to ensure that the outer cylinder 1 is not electrified during use.

[0020] The annular embedded base 2 is an insulator, and multiple groups are evenly arranged along the length direction of the outer tube. The number of annular embedded bases 2 arranged ensures that the guide rails 6 fixed thereon can remain stable and shake-free during use. The annular embedded base 2 is evenly provided with 4 grooves along the annular direction, and the 4 groups of grooves are arranged at 90° intervals along the annular embedded base 2. The four guide rails 6 are respectively fixed on the grooves corresponding to each group of annular embedded bases 2. A single annular embedded base 2 can be an integral annular base fixed to the inner wall of the outer tube 2, or it can be composed of 4 groups of embedded strips evenly arranged in the annular direction close to the inner wall of the outer tube 1, and the middle parts of the 4 groups of embedded strips are respectively grooved for fixing the four guide rails 6. In order to save materials, the 4 groups of embedded strips can also be not complete closed rings.

[0021] The guide rails 6 are made of conductive material, and are provided in four numbers. The positions of the guide rails 6 correspond to the positions of the slots on the annular embedded base 2 one by one. The length of the guide rails 6 is slightly smaller than the length of the outer cylinder 1 , and the two ends of the guide rails 6 do not contact the outer cylinder 1 .

[0022] The impact slider unit is mainly composed of an iron block 11, a cross slide (composed of a longitudinal guide bar 9 and a transverse guide bar 10) and an impact hammer 7, and the various parts are fixedly connected by insulating materials 8. The cross slide is arranged in the middle of the impact slider unit, and is formed by a vertical combination of a transverse guide bar 10 and a longitudinal guide bar 9. The guide rail 6 is slotted, and the longitudinal guide bar 9 and the transverse guide bar 10 are made of conductive materials and are respectively embedded in two guide rails 6 that are relatively distributed (circumferentially distributed at 180 degrees) on the annular embedded base 2, that is, one guide bar is installed on two guide rails that are symmetrically distributed (distributed at 180 degrees). The longitudinal guide bar 9 and the transverse guide bar 10 can slide freely along their respective guide rails 6 (two guide rails distributed at 180 degrees relative to each other), and when the guide rails 6 are energized, the two symmetrically distributed guide rails 6 can form a closed loop together with the longitudinal guide bar 9 and the transverse guide bar 10, and at this time the cross slide can slide along the guide rail 6 under the action of electromagnetic force. The iron block 11 is installed on the side of the cross slide close to the head end of the outer cylinder 1, and is used to attract the iron block 11 through the electromagnet 3 before applying excitation, so as to fix the impact slider unit on the head end of the guide rail 6; the impact hammer 7 is installed on the side of the cross slide close to the end of the outer cylinder 1, and the hammer body of the impact hammer 7 can be made of different materials according to needs, and is used to hammer the impact gasket 12 at the end of the outer cylinder 1 when the cross slide slides to the end of the guide rail 6 to generate excitation.

[0023] like Figure 4 The schematic diagram of the control circuit of the excitation box shown in the figure has a key component, the single-pole double-position switch 13. When the single-pole double-position switch 13 is placed in the position where the electromagnet 3 is energized, the guide rail 6 is de-energized, and when the single-pole double-position switch 13 is placed in the position where the guide rail 6 is energized, the electromagnet 3 is de-energized. When multiple excitation boxes need to be used at the same time, a single-pole double-position switch 13 can be used to control multiple excitation boxes at the same time to ensure the simultaneity of the excitation effect. In addition, the single-pole double-position switch 13 can also be replaced by other current control devices that can achieve the same control effect.

[0024] When excitation is required, the excitation box is fixed on the surface of the object to be excited (hereinafter referred to as the target object) in different fixing methods (adhesion or welding at the end or outer surface) and directions according to the direction of the excitation to be applied. For example, if torsional excitation (couple excitation) is required to be applied to the target object, Figure 5~Figure 6As shown (taking the offshore monopile foundation as an example), multiple excitation boxes can be connected in series through anti-interference wires 4, and each excitation box can be fixed in a symmetrical position, and an impact torque can be applied to the target object by applying a force couple. After the excitation box is fixed, the single-pole double-position switch 13 is first placed in the power-on position of the electromagnet 3, and then the reset traction rope 5 connected to the impact slider unit is pulled to pull the impact slider unit to the head end of the outer cylinder 1, so that it is attracted by the energized electromagnet 3 and fixed to the head end of the outer cylinder 1. Then, the single-pole double-position switch 13 is placed in the power-on position of the guide rail 6. At this time, the electromagnet 3 is de-energized, the magnetic force disappears, and the longitudinal guide bars 9 and the transverse guide bars 10 on the impact slider unit form a closed loop with their respective guide rails 6. The energized guide rails 6 generate a magnetic field. The energized longitudinal guide bars 9 and the transverse guide bars 10 are subjected to the Lorentz force in the magnetic field, and jointly push the impact slider unit along the guide rail 6 to the end of the outer cylinder 1, and finally impact the impact gasket 12 at the end of the outer cylinder 1. The impact force is transmitted to the target object through the excitation box, thereby completing the application of the excitation effect.

[0025] Those skilled in the art may make various modifications and variations to the present invention. If these modifications and variations are within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, then these modifications and variations are also within the scope of protection of the present invention. The contents not described in detail in the specification are prior art known to those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. An excitation box based on electromagnetic drive, characterized in that: It includes an outer cylinder, an annular embedded base, a guide rail, an impact slider unit, a reset traction rope, an anti-interference wire, an electromagnet, an impact gasket and a single-pole double-position switch control circuit. The annular embedded base is fixed to the inner wall of the outer cylinder, and multiple groups are evenly arranged along the length direction of the outer cylinder. There are four guide rails, which are symmetrically fixed on each group of annular embedded bases. The impact slider unit can be freely slidably arranged at the center of the four guide rails. One end of the reset traction rope is connected to the impact slider unit and the other end extends out of the head end of the outer cylinder. One end of the anti-interference wire is connected to the guide rail and the other end extends out of the head end of the outer cylinder and is connected to the single-pole double-position switch control circuit; the electromagnet is fixed to the outside of the head end of the outer cylinder, and the impact gasket is fixed to the inside of the end of the outer cylinder; the single-pole double-position switch control circuit includes a single-pole double-position switch, which is connected to the electromagnet and the guide rail respectively, and is used to control the electromagnet and the guide rail to be energized respectively.

2. The electromagnetically driven vibration box according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer cylinder is square or cylindrical, and a hole is reserved at the head of the outer cylinder for the anti-interference wire and the reset traction rope to pass through, and the hole is well sealed; the outer cylinder and other parts of the excitation box are insulated.

3. The electromagnetically driven vibration box according to claim 1, characterized in that: The annular embedded base is evenly provided with 4 grooves along the annular direction, and the 4 groups of groove slots are arranged at 90° intervals along the annular embedded base. The four guide rails are respectively fixed on the grooves corresponding to each group of the annular embedded base.

4. The electromagnetically driven vibration box according to claim 1, characterized in that: The annular embedded base is an insulator, and the number of annular embedded bases arranged ensures that the guide rail fixed thereon remains stable and does not shake during use.

5. The electromagnetically driven vibration box according to claim 1, characterized in that: The guide rail is made of conductive material, the length of the guide rail is slightly smaller than the length of the outer cylinder, and the two ends of the guide rail are not in contact with the outer cylinder.

6. The electromagnetically driven vibration box according to claim 1, characterized in that: The impact slider unit includes an iron block, a cross slide and an impact hammer, which are fixedly connected by insulating materials. The cross slide is arranged in the middle of the impact slider unit and is formed by a vertical combination of a transverse guide bar and a longitudinal guide bar. The transverse guide bar and the longitudinal guide bar are fixedly connected by insulating materials. The transverse guide bar and the longitudinal guide bar are made of conductive materials and are respectively arranged on two guide rails relatively distributed on the annular embedded base. When the guide rails are energized, the two symmetrically distributed guide rails and the transverse guide bar and the longitudinal guide bar together form a closed loop. At this time, the cross slide slides along the guide rails under the action of electromagnetic force; the iron block is installed on the side of the cross slide close to the head end of the outer cylinder, and is used to attract the iron block through the electromagnet before applying excitation, so as to fix the impact slider unit on the head end of the guide rail; the impact hammer is installed on the side of the cross slide close to the end of the outer cylinder, and the hammer body of the impact hammer is made of different materials according to needs, and is used to hammer the impact gasket at the end of the outer cylinder when the cross slide slides to the end of the guide rail to generate excitation.

7. The electromagnetically driven vibration box according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the single-pole double-position switch is placed in the position where the electromagnet is energized, the guide rail is de-energized; when the single-pole double-position switch is placed in the position where the guide rail is energized, the electromagnet is de-energized.

8. A multi-directional excitation application method using the electromagnetically driven excitation box according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: (1) Fixing the excitation box: fix the end or outer surface of the excitation box to the surface of the object to be excited by gluing or welding; (2) Preparation before applying the excitation. After fixing the excitation box, the preparation work before applying the excitation is carried out. First, the single-pole double-position switch is placed in the electromagnet power-on position, and then the reset traction rope is pulled to pull the impact slider unit to the head end of the outer cylinder so that it is attracted by the energized electromagnet and fixed at the head end of the outer cylinder; (3) Applying excitation. After the above steps are completed, the single-pole double-position switch is placed in the guide rail power-on position. At this time, the electromagnet is de-energized and the magnetic force disappears. The longitudinal and transverse guide bars on the impact slider unit and the corresponding guide rail form a closed loop. The energized guide rail generates a magnetic field. The energized longitudinal and transverse guide bars are subjected to the Lorentz force in the magnetic field, which jointly pushes the impact slider unit along the guide rail to the end of the outer cylinder and finally impacts the impact gasket at the end of the outer cylinder. The impact force is transmitted to the target object through the excitation box, thereby completing the application of the excitation effect.

9. The multi-directional excitation application method based on electromagnetically driven excitation box according to claim 8, characterized in that: In the step (1), if it is necessary to apply excitation perpendicular to the surface of the target object, the end of the excitation box is fixed to the surface; if it is necessary to apply excitation tangential to the surface of the target object, the outer surface of the excitation box is fixed to the surface of the target object, and the angle of the excitation box is determined according to the actual excitation direction required to be applied.

10. The multi-directional excitation application method based on electromagnetically driven excitation box according to claim 8, characterized in that: If torsional excitation is required to be applied to the target object, multiple excitation boxes are connected in series, and each excitation box is fixed in a symmetrical position. An impact torque is applied to the target object by applying a force couple.

Images