Method and device for simulating surface water action process coupled with urban pipe network

Abstract

The present application provides a method and apparatus for simulating the surface water action process coupled to an urban pipe network, including: obtaining underlying surface data, pipe network data, rainfall data, and measured hydrological data of a study area; constructing a one-dimensional drainage pipe network model of the study area based on the underlying surface data, pipe network data, and rainfall data; and constructing a two-dimensional surface inundation model of the study area based on the underlying surface data and rainfall data; determining at least one simulation session and the total simulation duration corresponding to each simulation session based on the rainfall data and measured hydrological data; and performing data interaction between the one-dimensional drainage pipe network model and the two-dimensional surface inundation model based on overflow data and backflow data of multiple pipe network nodes based on a preset time step, until the total simulation duration of each simulation session is reached, thereby completing the simulation events of the surface water overflow and receding process in the study area. The present application can improve the comprehensiveness and accuracy of urban rainstorm waterlogging simulation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the fields of urban hydrology and pipe network drainage, and in particular to a method and device for simulating the surface water action process coupled to an urban pipe network. Background Art

[0002] Simulating urban flooding during heavy rainstorms is a crucial tool for developing urban flood prevention and mitigation measures and for forecasting and warning urban flooding. Accurately and timely simulating urban flooding events is crucial for improving urban flood risk prevention and reducing losses. The Storm Water Management Model (SWMM) is the most widely used model for urban flooding simulation, but it cannot accurately determine surface water depth and inundation range. Furthermore, hydrodynamic models based on two-dimensional shallow water equations can characterize surface runoff in complex terrain, but they do not consider the impact of underground drainage networks.

[0003] At present, the existing method for simulating the surface water action process of coupled urban pipe networks usually involves unidirectionally connecting the SWMM pipe network model and the two-dimensional hydrodynamic model or inundation model. That is, the overflow of the pipe network node simulated by the SWMM model is used as the point source boundary condition to drive the two-dimensional hydrodynamic model or inundation model. Although the implementation process is relatively simple and easy to use, it ignores the backflow of surface water through the pipe network nodes. The simulation results of urban waterlogging lack accuracy and comprehensiveness, and it is difficult to meet the simulation requirements for the overflow and receding processes of surface water in coupled urban pipe networks. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present application provides a method and device for simulating the surface water action process of a coupled urban pipe network, which bidirectionally couples a one-dimensional drainage pipe network model and a two-dimensional surface inundation model, simulates them step by step, and drives each other. It can realize two-way water exchange between the drainage pipe network and its overlying surface, accurately simulate the overflow and water receding processes of surface water, thereby improving the accuracy and comprehensiveness of urban waterlogging simulation.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present application provides a method for simulating a surface water action process coupled to an urban pipe network, the method comprising:

[0006] Obtain the underlying surface data, pipe network data, rainfall data and measured hydrological data of the study area;

[0007] constructing a one-dimensional drainage pipe network model of the study area based on the underlying surface data, the pipe network data, and the rainfall data; and constructing a two-dimensional surface inundation model of the study area based on the underlying surface data and the rainfall data, wherein the one-dimensional drainage pipe network model and the two-dimensional surface inundation model are bidirectionally coupled via a plurality of pipe network nodes, wherein the plurality of pipe network nodes are exchange nodes for surface water flow and underground pipe flow;

[0008] Determine at least one simulation session and a total simulation duration corresponding to each simulation session according to the rainfall data and the measured hydrological data;

[0009] Based on a preset time step, data interaction is performed between the one-dimensional drainage network model and the two-dimensional surface inundation model according to the overflow data and backflow data of the multiple network nodes until the total simulation time of each simulation session is reached, so as to complete the simulation events of the at least one simulation session of the overflow and receding process of the ground water in the study area.

[0010] In a second aspect, the present application provides a device for simulating the surface water action process coupled to an urban pipe network, comprising:

[0011] Acquisition unit, used to obtain underlying surface data, pipe network data, rainfall data and measured hydrological data of the study area;

[0012] A processing unit is used to construct a one-dimensional drainage pipe network model of the study area based on the underlying surface data, the pipe network data and the rainfall data; and to construct a two-dimensional surface inundation model of the study area based on the underlying surface data and the rainfall data, wherein the one-dimensional drainage pipe network model and the two-dimensional surface inundation model are bidirectionally coupled through multiple pipe network nodes, and the multiple pipe network nodes are exchange nodes for surface water flow and underground pipe flow; and to determine at least one simulation session and a total simulation time corresponding to each simulation session based on the rainfall data and the measured hydrological data; and based on a unified time step, data interaction is performed between the one-dimensional drainage pipe network model and the two-dimensional surface inundation model based on the overflow data and backflow data of the multiple pipe network nodes until the total simulation time of each simulation session is reached, so as to complete the simulation event of the at least one simulation session for the overflow and receding process of the surface water in the study area.

[0013] In a third aspect, the present application provides an electronic device comprising a processor and a memory, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and when the processor calls the computer program in the memory, it executes the method as described in any one of the first aspects.

[0014] It can be seen that in an embodiment of the present application, the processor obtains the underlying surface data, pipe network data, rainfall data and measured hydrological data of the study area; constructs a one-dimensional drainage pipe network model of the study area based on the underlying surface data, pipe network data and rainfall data; and constructs a two-dimensional surface inundation model of the study area based on the underlying surface data and rainfall data, and the one-dimensional drainage pipe network model and the two-dimensional surface inundation model are bidirectionally coupled through multiple pipe network nodes, and the multiple pipe network nodes are exchange nodes for surface water flow and underground pipe flow; determines at least one simulation session and the total simulation time corresponding to each simulation session based on the rainfall data and the measured hydrological data; based on a preset time step, data interaction is performed between the one-dimensional drainage pipe network model and the two-dimensional surface inundation model based on the overflow data and backflow data of multiple pipe network nodes until the total simulation time of each simulation session is reached, so as to complete the simulation event of the at least one simulation session for the overflow and receding process of the ground water in the study area. In this way, compared with the existing urban waterlogging simulation scheme that uses a one-way connection between a one-dimensional drainage network model and a two-dimensional surface inundation model, in this application, the one-dimensional drainage network model and the two-dimensional surface inundation model are bidirectionally coupled and simulated separately. After completing the simulation of each time step, data interaction is performed. Surface water flow and underground pipe flow can be exchanged with each other through the network nodes, realizing accurate simulation of surface water overflow and water receding processes, which is conducive to improving the accuracy and comprehensiveness of urban waterlogging simulation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative work.

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0017] Figure 2 This is a flow chart of a method for simulating the surface water action process coupled to an urban pipe network provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0018] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a simulation process of ground surface water action coupled to an urban pipe network provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0019] Figure 4 This is a coupling node diagram of a one-dimensional drainage network model and a two-dimensional surface inundation model provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0020] Figure 5This is a functional unit block diagram of a ground surface water action process simulation device coupled to an urban pipe network provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0022] The terms "first," "second," and the like in the specification and claims of this application and the accompanying drawings are used to distinguish between different objects, not to describe a particular order. Furthermore, the terms "including," "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus comprising a series of steps or elements is not limited to the listed steps or elements but may optionally include steps or elements not listed, or may optionally include other steps or elements inherent to the process, method, product, or apparatus.

[0023] References herein to "embodiments" mean that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiments may be included in at least one embodiment of the present application. The appearance of this phrase in various places in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor does it constitute an independent or alternative embodiment that is mutually exclusive of other embodiments. It is understood, both explicitly and implicitly, by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein may be combined with other embodiments.

[0024] In the embodiments of this application, "and / or" describes the relationship between associated objects and indicates that three relationships can exist. For example, "A and / or B" can represent the following three situations: A exists alone; A and B exist simultaneously; and B exists alone. A and B can be singular or plural.

[0025] In the embodiments of the present application, the symbol " / " can indicate that the preceding and following objects are in an "or" relationship. In addition, the symbol " / " can also represent a division sign, that is, performing a division operation. For example, A / B can mean A divided by B.

[0026] In the embodiments of the present application, "at least one item" or similar expressions refers to any combination of these items, including any combination of single items or plural items, and refers to one or more, and multiple refers to two or more. For example, at least one item (item) of a, b, or c can represent the following seven situations: a, b, c, a and b, a and c, b and c, a, b, and c. Among them, each of a, b, and c can be an element or a set containing one or more elements.

[0027] In the embodiments of this application, "equal to" can be used in conjunction with "greater than" and is applicable to the technical solution adopted when "greater than" is used, and can also be used in conjunction with "less than" and is applicable to the technical solution adopted when "less than" is used. When "equal to" is used in conjunction with "greater than", it should not be used in conjunction with "less than"; when "equal to" is used in conjunction with "less than", it should not be used in conjunction with "greater than".

[0028] Currently, in the existing simulation scheme for the surface water action process of coupled urban pipe networks, the one-dimensional drainage pipe network model and the two-dimensional surface inundation model are unidirectionally connected. That is, the overflow of the pipe network node obtained by simulating the one-dimensional drainage pipe network model is used as the point source boundary condition to drive the two-dimensional surface inundation model. Although the implementation process is relatively simple and easy to use, it ignores the backflow of surface water through the pipe network nodes, and the simulation results of urban waterlogging are not accurate enough.

[0029] In response to the above problems, an embodiment of the present application provides a method and device for simulating the surface water action process coupled to an urban pipe network. The embodiment of the present application is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0030] See also Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present application. For the sake of convenience, only the parts related to the embodiment of the present application are shown. For specific technical details not disclosed, please refer to the method part of the embodiment of the present application. The electronic device 1 can be any terminal device including a mobile phone, computer, PDA, POS, car computer, etc. Figure 1 As shown, electronic device 1 includes memory 20, processor 10, communication bus 40, communication interface 30, and one or more programs 21. One or more programs 21 are stored in memory 20 and configured to be executed by processor 10. One or more programs 21 include instructions for executing any step in the following method embodiments. In specific implementations, processor 10 is used to execute any step in the following method embodiments, and when performing data transmission such as sending, it can optionally call communication interface 30 to complete the corresponding operation.

[0031] In the embodiment of the present application, the processor 10 included in the computer device may have the function corresponding to any method step in this embodiment.

[0032] Those skilled in the art will understand that Figure 1 The computer device structure shown in the figure does not constitute a limitation to the computer device, and may include more or fewer components than shown in the figure, or combine certain components, or arrange the components differently.

[0033] See also Figure 2 , Figure 2 This is a flow chart of a method for simulating the surface water action process of a coupled urban pipe network provided in an embodiment of the present application. The method is applied to Figure 1 The processor 10 shown, the method includes:

[0034] In step S201, the processor obtains underlying surface data, pipe network data, rainfall data and measured hydrological data of the study area.

[0035] In a possible embodiment, the underlying surface data includes terrain data, elevation data, and land use types, and the land use types include construction land, green land, transportation land, and public land;

[0036] The pipe network data includes rainwater pipe information, outlet information, and node information. The rainwater pipe information includes the spatial distribution of the pipe network, pipe diameter, pipe section length, pipe roughness, and upstream and downstream bottom elevations. The outlet information includes the coordinates, elevation, and drainage type of the outlet. The node information includes the node bottom elevation, well depth, and coordinate information. The rainwater pipe information, outlet information, and node information must be constrained to the same coordinate system.

[0037] The rainfall data includes the rainfall amount of at least one measured event, and there is a corresponding relationship between the measured event and the simulated event;

[0038] The measured hydrological data includes the measured runoff data of the pipeline and the node monitoring water level during the measured rainfall. There is a corresponding relationship between the measured hydrological data and the measured rainfall data, and the test duration of the measured field is the same as the total simulation duration of the corresponding simulation field.

[0039] Among them, the terrain data and elevation data in the underlying surface data can be obtained through a geographic information system (GIS), and the land use type can be obtained through remote sensing satellite image analysis or obtained from institutions such as urban planning departments and land administration bureaus. In addition, the underlying surface data, pipe network data, rainfall data, and measured hydrological data of the study area in this embodiment can also be obtained from local water departments or municipal engineering departments.

[0040] It can be understood that the rainfall data and measured hydrological data of the study area respectively include test data of at least one measured session. Among them, the rainfall data of each measured session corresponds one-to-one to the measured hydrological data of each measured session, and the start time and test duration of the same measured session are the same. Specifically, the rainfall data and measured hydrological data of the study area respectively include rainfall data and measured hydrological data of 60 sessions from January to October 2024. Then the start time of the first measured session can be 10:00 on January 2, and the test duration is 3 hours. Then the start time of the rainfall data and measured hydrological data of the first session are both 10:00 on January 2, and the test duration is both 3 hours.

[0041] In step S202, the processor constructs a one-dimensional drainage pipe network model of the study area based on the underlying surface data, the pipe network data, and the rainfall data; and constructs a two-dimensional surface inundation model of the study area based on the underlying surface data and the rainfall data, wherein the one-dimensional drainage pipe network model and the two-dimensional surface inundation model are bidirectionally coupled through multiple pipe network nodes, and the multiple pipe network nodes are exchange nodes for surface water flow and underground pipe flow.

[0042] Among them, the pipe network nodes mainly include rainwater inlets and inspection wells; the two-dimensional surface inundation model is constructed based on the two-dimensional shallow water equations (SWE), which is the control equation of the two-dimensional surface inundation model; and the one-dimensional drainage pipe network model uses the one-dimensional Saint-Venant equations to calculate the pipe network water flow, which is the control equation of the one-dimensional drainage pipe network model.

[0043] Specifically, the two-dimensional shallow water equations include the following formulas:

[0044]

[0045]

[0046]

[0047] Where h is the water depth, u and v are the flow velocities in the x and y directions respectively, t is the time, B(x,y) is the bottom slope elevation, is the friction term; the subscripts bx and by are the friction components of the friction term in the x and y directions, respectively, and g is the acceleration due to gravity.

[0048] Specifically, the one-dimensional Saint-Venant equations include the following formulas:

[0049]

[0050]

[0051] Among them, Q is the flow rate, A is the cross-sectional area of ​​the water flow, t is the time, h is the water depth, and g is the acceleration of gravity. is the friction slope; x represents the direction.

[0052] In step S203 , the processor determines at least one simulation session and a total simulation duration corresponding to each simulation session according to the rainfall data and the measured hydrological data.

[0053] The measured hydrological data corresponds to the measured times of the rainfall data, the measured times correspond to the simulated times, and the test duration of the measured times is the same as the total simulation duration of the corresponding simulation times. Therefore, the number of simulation times can be determined based on the number of measured times included in the rainfall data, and the total simulation duration of each simulation time can be determined based on the test duration of each measured time in the measured hydrological data.

[0054] For example, when the rainfall data includes 60 measured sessions from January to October 2024, the simulation sessions are also 60 times, and when the test duration of the first measured session is 3 hours, the total simulation duration of the first simulation session is also 3 hours, and when the test duration of the second measured session is 1 hour, the total simulation duration of the second simulation session is also 2 hours.

[0055] In step S204, the processor performs data interaction between the one-dimensional drainage network model and the two-dimensional surface inundation model based on the overflow data and backflow data of the multiple network nodes based on a preset time step, until the total simulation time of each simulation session is reached, so as to complete the simulation events of the at least one simulation session of the overflow and receding process of the surface water in the study area.

[0056] In a possible embodiment, performing data interaction between the one-dimensional drainage network model and the two-dimensional surface inundation model based on the overflow data and the backflow data of the plurality of network nodes includes:

[0057] In a first time step, performing a surface water flow simulation using the two-dimensional surface inundation model to determine backflow data of the plurality of pipe network nodes in the first time step, the backflow data including backflow volumes of the plurality of pipe network nodes;

[0058] Sending the backflow data to the one-dimensional drainage pipe network model to drive the one-dimensional drainage pipe network model to perform underground pipe flow simulation in a second time step;

[0059] In the second time step, performing the underground pipe flow simulation using the one-dimensional drainage pipe network model to determine overflow data of the plurality of pipe network nodes in the second time step, the overflow data including overflow amounts of the plurality of pipe network nodes;

[0060] The input file of the surface two-dimensional inundation model is updated according to the overflow data, and the surface two-dimensional inundation model is driven to repeat the surface water flow simulation and determine the backflow data of the multiple pipe network nodes in the third time step according to the input file.

[0061] In a possible embodiment, before performing surface water flow simulation according to the two-dimensional surface inundation model to determine the return flow data of the plurality of pipe network nodes in the first time step, the method further includes:

[0062] In a fourth time step, performing an underground pipe flow simulation using the one-dimensional drainage pipe network model to determine the coordinates, water depths, and flow rates of pipe network nodes where overflow or backflow occurs in the fourth time step;

[0063] The surface two-dimensional inundation model is driven to perform the surface water flow simulation within the first time step according to the input file of the surface two-dimensional inundation model and the flow of the pipe network node, and the flow of the pipe network node serves as the input boundary condition for the surface two-dimensional inundation model to perform the surface water flow simulation.

[0064] It can be seen that in the embodiment of the present application, the one-dimensional drainage network model first simulates the one-dimensional drainage network water flow in the study area based on the underlying surface data, network data and rainfall data. After completing the simulation of one time step, the coordinates, water depth and flow rate of the network nodes where overflow or backflow occurs are recorded; then, the flow rate of the network nodes is used as the input boundary condition for the surface two-dimensional inundation model simulation, and the two-dimensional surface overflow and receding process of the study area is simulated in combination with the model input file. After completing the simulation of one time step, the backflow data of multiple network nodes is determined; then, the backflow data is fed back to the one-dimensional drainage network model for underground network simulation. After completing the simulation of one time step, the overflow data of the network nodes is determined, and the surface two-dimensional inundation model input file is updated. At this point, a two-way data interaction between the one-dimensional drainage network model and the surface two-dimensional inundation model is completed. The one-dimensional drainage network model and the surface two-dimensional inundation model perform data interaction once each time a time step of simulation is completed until the total simulation time of each simulation session is reached, at which time the data interaction and simulation process are stopped.

[0065] In one possible embodiment, when the water level of the pipe network node is greater than the surface water level, overflow calculation is performed to obtain the overflow volume of the multiple pipe network nodes, and when the water level of the pipe network node is less than the surface water level, backflow calculation is performed to obtain the backflow volume of the multiple pipe network nodes, and when the water level of the pipe network node is equal to the surface water level, flow exchange is not performed, wherein,

[0066] The calculation formula for overflow and backflow at each pipe network node is as follows:

[0067] (1)

[0068] (2)

[0069] in, is the overflow volume of the network node, is the return flow of the network node, is the orifice discharge coefficient, and its value range is [0,1]; is the water flow area of ​​the network node, g is the acceleration of gravity, is the water level at the network node, is the surface water level, is the ground elevation, is the weir flow coefficient, ranging from [0,1]; w is the circumference of the pipe network node or the width of the stormwater inlet.

[0070] Among them, the overflow and backflow of the pipeline network nodes usually add restrictive conditions to improve the stability of the data.

[0071] The calculation formula for adding restrictive conditions to the overflow volume of the pipe network node is as follows:

[0072]

[0073] in, is the water storage capacity of the network node, is the time step of water flow exchange.

[0074] The calculation formula for adding restrictive conditions to the return flow of the pipe network node is as follows:

[0075]

[0076] in, is the current water volume in the surface grid cell corresponding to the pipe network node, is the time step of water flow exchange.

[0077] In one possible embodiment, the study area in the two-dimensional surface inundation model includes a plurality of closely arranged grid cells, the backflow data further includes a water depth of each grid cell, and the surface water flow simulation is performed using the two-dimensional surface inundation model to determine the backflow data of the plurality of pipe network nodes in the first time step. The method further includes:

[0078] Get the initial water depth of each grid cell;

[0079] Determining a change in accumulated water in each grid cell after the first time step;

[0080] The calculation formula for the water flow change of each grid unit is as follows:

[0081] (3)

[0082] (4)

[0083] in, is the change in water accumulation in the grid cell, 、 、 、 are the flows from the upstream, downstream, left, and right grid cells, respectively, obtained by formula (4); is the flow rate at the junction of adjacent grid cells i and j, is the cross-sectional area at the junction of adjacent grid cells i and j, is the hydraulic radius at the junction of adjacent grid cells i and j, is the water surface slope between adjacent grid cells i and j, and n is the Manning coefficient;

[0084] The water accumulation depth of each grid cell is determined according to the water accumulation change, the initial water accumulation depth, and the area of ​​each grid cell.

[0085] Among them, the two-dimensional surface inundation model mainly refers to the Storm Water Management Model (SWMM). The SWMM model can divide the study area into multiple subsets of water areas, each of which can be further divided into multiple grid cells. These grid cells can have different sizes. Their size depends on the accuracy requirements of the model and the level of detail of the available data. Users can define the size of the grid cells based on actual conditions and model needs. In addition, the SWMM model can be used in conjunction with other geographic information systems, such as GIS and terrain data, to further improve the simulation accuracy of surface water depth and inundation range.

[0086] In a possible embodiment, determining the accumulated water depth of each grid cell according to the accumulated water change, the initial water depth, and the grid cell area includes:

[0087] Determine the amount of change in accumulated water depth according to the amount of accumulated water in each grid cell and the area of ​​the grid cell;

[0088] The water accumulation depth of each grid unit is determined according to the sum of the water accumulation depth change and the initial water depth.

[0089] In a possible embodiment, after performing data exchange between the one-dimensional drainage network model and the two-dimensional surface inundation model based on the overflow data and the backflow data of the plurality of pipe network nodes, the method further includes:

[0090] obtaining at least one simulated hydrological data according to at least one simulated event;

[0091] Calculating the simulation accuracy of the one-dimensional drainage network model and the two-dimensional surface inundation model in the at least one simulation event based on the at least one simulated hydrological data and the at least one measured hydrological data, wherein the simulation accuracy includes a Nash efficiency coefficient and a coefficient of determination;

[0092] The calculation formulas for the Nash efficiency coefficient and the determination coefficient are as follows:

[0093] (5)

[0094] (6)

[0095] Where NSE is the Nash efficiency coefficient, Coefficient of determination, is the measured hydrological data of the ith measurement session, is the simulated hydrological data of the ith measured event, is the average value of the measured hydrological data of all measured sessions, is the average value of the simulated hydrological data of all measured events, n is the total number of measured events, and the value range of NSE is (-∞,1], where the closer NSE is to 1, the higher the accuracy.

[0096] The validity of the at least one simulated hydrological data is determined according to the Nash efficiency coefficient and the coefficient of determination.

[0097] In a possible embodiment, determining the validity of the at least one simulated hydrological data according to the Nash efficiency coefficient and the determination coefficient includes:

[0098] If it is detected that the Nash efficiency coefficient and the determination coefficient are both greater than a preset threshold, and the relative error between the measured hydrological data and the simulated hydrological data is less than a preset error, then determining that the at least one simulated hydrological data is valid data; and

[0099] If it is detected that the Nash efficiency coefficient and the determination coefficient are not both greater than the preset threshold value, and / or the relative error between the measured hydrological data and the simulated hydrological data is not less than the preset error, then it is determined that at least one simulated hydrological data is invalid data, and the step of "performing data interaction between the one-dimensional drainage network model and the two-dimensional surface inundation model based on the overflow data and backflow data of the multiple network nodes" is re-executed.

[0100] The relative error (ε) refers to the ratio of the absolute error (E) to the measured hydrological data. The absolute error (E) refers to the absolute value of the difference between the measured hydrological data and the simulated hydrological data. The calculation formula for the relative error (ε) is ε = E / measured hydrological data = | measured hydrological data - simulated hydrological data | / measured hydrological data.

[0101] The preset threshold is 0.60 and the preset error is 15%. Specifically, when the Nash efficiency coefficient and the coefficient of determination are both greater than 0.60 and the relative error is less than 15%, the model accuracy is determined to be high and the simulated hydrological data is valid. Otherwise, the simulated hydrological data is determined to be invalid, and the simulation operation is repeated or the model parameters are adjusted until the Nash efficiency coefficient and the coefficient of determination are both greater than 0.60 and the relative error is less than 15%.

[0102] The measured hydrological data may include the measured water depth and the measured inundation range, and the simulated hydrological data may include the simulated water depth and the simulated inundation range.

[0103] It can be seen that in the embodiment of the present application, based on the measured hydrological data and the simulated hydrological data, the model is calibrated and verified through the Nash efficiency coefficient, the determination coefficient and the relative error. When the preset conditions are met, it means that the model accuracy is high and the obtained simulated hydrological data has a high accuracy. When the preset conditions are not met, it means that the model accuracy is low and the obtained simulated hydrological data has a low accuracy. It is necessary to re-simulate or adjust the model parameters and repeat the simulation process until the calculated Nash efficiency coefficient, the determination coefficient and the relative error meet the preset conditions.

[0104] It can be seen that in the embodiment of the present application, by bidirectionally coupling the one-dimensional drainage network model and the two-dimensional surface inundation model, bidirectional flow exchange can be performed through the overflow and backflow of the network nodes. The two-dimensional surface inundation model feeds back the backflow of the network nodes to the one-dimensional drainage network model and performs a one-dimensional network simulation, outputs the overflow data of the network nodes, and updates the input file of the two-dimensional surface inundation model. In this way, compared with the existing one-way coupling method, the water flow between models can only overflow from the node to the surface flow, and the surface water flow cannot return to the surface through the node. In the bidirectional coupling method provided by the embodiment of the present application, the surface water flow and the underground pipe flow can be exchanged with each other through the node, which can accurately simulate the overflow and receding process of surface water accumulation, which is conducive to improving the accuracy and comprehensiveness of urban waterlogging simulation.

[0105] See also Figure 3 , Figure 3 The embodiment of the present application provides a schematic diagram of a simulation process of ground surface water effect coupled to a city pipe network, as shown in FIG. Figure 3 As shown, the surface water action process includes ground water overflowing and ground water receding.

[0106] Among them, the surface water overflow process refers to the process from the beginning of surface water accumulation to the maximum water depth, and the beginning of surface flooding to the maximum flooding range; and the surface water receding process refers to the process from the maximum surface water depth beginning to decrease to the point where there is no surface water accumulation, and the maximum surface flooding range beginning to shrink to the point where there is no surface flooding.

[0107] in, Figure 3 Figure 3-1 shows the process of ground water overflowing, or overflow. The arrows indicate the direction of water flow. Specifically, when the surface water level is lower than the water level at a network node, the network water flows through the network node, such as a rainwater inlet or manhole, and then merges with the surface water flow.

[0108] When ground water overflow occurs, the calculation formula for the overflow volume of the pipe network node is as follows:

[0109]

[0110] in, is the overflow volume of the network node, is the orifice discharge coefficient, and its value range is [0,1]; is the water flow area of ​​the network node, g is the acceleration of gravity, is the water level at the network node, The surface water level.

[0111] in, Figure 3Figure 3-2 shows a scenario where surface water recedes, namely, backflow. The arrows indicate the direction of water flow. Specifically, the relationship between the surface water level, ground elevation, and the water level at the network nodes is: network node water level < ground elevation < surface water level. Surface water flows through network nodes, such as rainwater inlets or manholes, into underground pipes and joins the underground network water flow.

[0112] When the ground water recedes, the calculation formula for the backflow of the pipe network node is as follows:

[0113]

[0114] in, is the return flow of the network node, is the weir flow coefficient, ranging from [0,1]; w is the circumference of the pipe network node or the width of the stormwater inlet.

[0115] in, Figure 3 Figure 3-3 shows another scenario of ground water receding, namely, backflow. The arrows indicate the direction of water flow. Specifically, the relationship between the surface water level, ground elevation, and the water level at the network nodes is: ground elevation < water level at the network node < surface water level. Surface water flows through network nodes, such as rainwater inlets or manholes, into underground pipes and joins the underground network water flow.

[0116] When another situation occurs where the surface water recedes, the calculation formula for the backflow volume of the pipe network node is as follows:

[0117]

[0118] It can be seen that in this embodiment, when the surface water level is lower than the water level at the pipe network node, overflow calculation is performed, and water flows from the pipe network to the surface; when the surface water level is higher than the water level at the pipe network node, backflow calculation is performed, and water flows from the surface to the pipe network; when the surface water level is equal to the water level at the pipe network node, no flow exchange is performed.

[0119] See also Figure 4 , Figure 4 The embodiment of the present application provides a one-dimensional drainage network model and a two-dimensional surface flooding model coupling node diagram, such as Figure 4 As shown in FIG, the coupling node diagram is a coupling node diagram of a one-dimensional drainage network model and a two-dimensional surface inundation model in the study area.

[0120] Among them, the one-dimensional drainage network model is used to simulate the water flow of the underground pipe network, and the two-dimensional surface inundation model is used to simulate the surface runoff. The one-dimensional drainage network model and the two-dimensional surface inundation model are bidirectionally coupled through multiple pipe network nodes, such as Figure 4As shown, the pipe network node can be a rainwater wellhead, and multiple pipe network nodes are exchange nodes for surface water flow and underground pipe flow.

[0121] The study area includes drainage pipes. This embodiment only shows part of the drainage pipes in the study area, and the drainage pipes include multiple pipe network nodes.

[0122] Furthermore, the two-dimensional surface inundation model divides the study area into multiple grid cells. The user can define the shape and size of the grid cells according to the actual situation and the needs of the model. This embodiment does not limit the shape and size of the grid cells, but only provides a case where multiple grid cells are the same square grid. Each pipe network node corresponds to a grid cell. The pipe network node and the corresponding grid cell can be defined as a coupling node and a coupling unit, respectively. The one-dimensional drainage pipe network model and the two-dimensional surface inundation model are bidirectionally coupled through the coupling nodes and coupling units.

[0123] It can be seen that in the embodiment of the present application, by bidirectionally coupling the one-dimensional drainage network model and the two-dimensional surface hydrodynamic model, the surface water flow and the underground pipe flow can be exchanged with each other through the nodes, which can accurately simulate the overflow and receding process of surface water, and is conducive to improving the accuracy of the simulation of the surface water action process.

[0124] See also Figure 5 , Figure 5 This is a functional unit block diagram of a ground surface water action process simulation device coupled to a city pipe network provided in an embodiment of the present application. The ground surface water action process simulation device 5 coupled to a city pipe network includes:

[0125] An acquisition unit 501 is used to acquire underlying surface data, pipe network data, rainfall data and measured hydrological data of the study area;

[0126] Processing unit 502 is used to construct a one-dimensional drainage pipe network model of the study area based on the underlying surface data, the pipe network data and the rainfall data; and, to construct a two-dimensional surface inundation model of the study area based on the underlying surface data and the rainfall data, wherein the one-dimensional drainage pipe network model and the two-dimensional surface inundation model are bidirectionally coupled through multiple pipe network nodes, and the multiple pipe network nodes are exchange nodes for surface water flow and underground pipe flow; and, to determine at least one simulation session and the total simulation time corresponding to each simulation session based on the rainfall data and the measured hydrological data; and, based on a unified time step, to perform data exchange between the one-dimensional drainage pipe network model and the two-dimensional surface inundation model based on the overflow data and backflow data of the multiple pipe network nodes until the total simulation time of each simulation session is reached, so as to complete the simulation event of the at least one simulation session for the overflow and receding process of the surface water in the study area.

[0127] It can be seen that in an embodiment of the present application, the processor obtains the underlying surface data, pipe network data, rainfall data and measured hydrological data of the study area; constructs a one-dimensional drainage pipe network model of the study area based on the underlying surface data, pipe network data and rainfall data; and constructs a two-dimensional surface inundation model of the study area based on the underlying surface data and rainfall data, and the one-dimensional drainage pipe network model and the two-dimensional surface inundation model are bidirectionally coupled through multiple pipe network nodes, and the multiple pipe network nodes are exchange nodes for surface water flow and underground pipe flow; determines at least one simulation session and the total simulation time corresponding to each simulation session based on the rainfall data and the measured hydrological data; based on a preset time step, data interaction is performed between the one-dimensional drainage pipe network model and the two-dimensional surface inundation model based on the overflow data and backflow data of multiple pipe network nodes until the total simulation time of each simulation session is reached, so as to complete the simulation event of the at least one simulation session for the overflow and receding process of the ground water in the study area. In this way, compared with the existing urban waterlogging simulation scheme that uses a one-way connection between a one-dimensional drainage network model and a two-dimensional surface inundation model, in this application, the one-dimensional drainage network model and the two-dimensional surface inundation model are bidirectionally coupled, which can carry out two-way flow exchange through overflow and backflow of the network nodes, thereby realizing accurate simulation of surface water overflow and water receding process, which is conducive to improving the accuracy and comprehensiveness of urban waterlogging simulation.

[0128] In some embodiments, the underlying surface data includes terrain data, elevation data, and land use types, and the land use types include construction land, green land, transportation land, and public land;

[0129] The pipe network data includes rainwater pipe information, outlet information, and node information. The rainwater pipe information includes the spatial distribution of the pipe network, pipe diameter, pipe section length, pipe roughness, and upstream and downstream bottom elevations. The outlet information includes the coordinates, elevation, and drainage type of the outlet. The node information includes the node bottom elevation, well depth, and coordinate information. The rainwater pipe information, outlet information, and node information must be constrained to the same coordinate system.

[0130] The rainfall data includes the rainfall amount of at least one measured event, and there is a corresponding relationship between the measured event and the simulated event;

[0131] The measured hydrological data includes the measured runoff data of the pipeline and the node monitoring water level during the measured rainfall. There is a corresponding relationship between the measured hydrological data and the measured rainfall data, and the test duration of the measured field is the same as the total simulation duration of the corresponding simulation field.

[0132] In some embodiments, the data exchange between the one-dimensional drainage network model and the two-dimensional surface inundation model based on the overflow data and the backflow data of the plurality of pipe network nodes includes:

[0133] In a first time step, performing a surface water flow simulation using the two-dimensional surface inundation model to determine backflow data of the plurality of pipe network nodes in the first time step, the backflow data including backflow volumes of the plurality of pipe network nodes;

[0134] Sending the backflow data to the one-dimensional drainage pipe network model to drive the one-dimensional drainage pipe network model to perform underground pipe flow simulation in a second time step;

[0135] In the second time step, performing the underground pipe flow simulation using the one-dimensional drainage pipe network model to determine overflow data of the plurality of pipe network nodes in the second time step, the overflow data including overflow amounts of the plurality of pipe network nodes;

[0136] The input file of the surface two-dimensional inundation model is updated according to the overflow data, and the surface two-dimensional inundation model is driven to repeat the surface water flow simulation and determine the backflow data of the multiple pipe network nodes in the third time step according to the input file.

[0137] In some embodiments, before performing surface water flow simulation according to the two-dimensional surface inundation model to determine the backflow data of the plurality of pipe network nodes in the first time step, the method further comprises:

[0138] In a fourth time step, performing an underground pipe flow simulation using the one-dimensional drainage pipe network model to determine the coordinates, water depths, and flow rates of pipe network nodes where overflow or backflow occurs in the fourth time step;

[0139] The surface two-dimensional inundation model is driven to perform the surface water flow simulation within the first time step according to the input file of the surface two-dimensional inundation model and the flow of the pipe network node, and the flow of the pipe network node serves as the input boundary condition for the surface two-dimensional inundation model to perform the surface water flow simulation.

[0140] In some embodiments, when the water level of the pipe network node is greater than the surface water level, overflow calculation is performed to obtain the overflow amount of the multiple pipe network nodes, and when the water level of the pipe network node is less than the surface water level, backflow calculation is performed to obtain the backflow amount of the multiple pipe network nodes, and when the water level of the pipe network node is equal to the surface water level, flow exchange is not performed, wherein,

[0141] The calculation formula for overflow and backflow at each pipe network node is as follows:

[0142] (1)

[0143] (2)

[0144] in, is the overflow volume of the network node, is the return flow of the network node, is the orifice discharge coefficient, and its value range is [0,1]; is the water flow area of ​​the network node, g is the acceleration of gravity, is the water level at the network node, is the surface water level, is the ground elevation, is the weir flow coefficient, ranging from [0,1]; w is the circumference of the pipe network node or the width of the stormwater inlet.

[0145] In some embodiments, the study area in the two-dimensional surface inundation model includes a plurality of closely spaced grid cells, the backflow data further includes a water depth of each grid cell, and the surface water flow simulation is performed using the two-dimensional surface inundation model to determine the backflow data of the plurality of pipe network nodes within the first time step. The method further includes:

[0146] Get the initial water depth of each grid cell;

[0147] Determining a change in accumulated water in each grid cell after the first time step;

[0148] The calculation formula for the water flow change of each grid unit is as follows:

[0149] (3)

[0150] (4)

[0151] in, is the change in water accumulation in the grid cell, 、 、 、 are the flows from the upstream, downstream, left, and right grid cells, respectively, obtained by formula (4); is the flow rate at the junction of adjacent grid cells i and j, is the cross-sectional area at the junction of adjacent grid cells i and j, is the hydraulic radius at the junction of adjacent grid cells i and j, is the water surface slope between adjacent grid cells i and j, and n is the Manning coefficient;

[0152] The water accumulation depth of each grid cell is determined according to the water accumulation change, the initial water accumulation depth, and the area of ​​each grid cell.

[0153] In some embodiments, after exchanging data between the one-dimensional drainage network model and the two-dimensional surface inundation model based on the overflow data and the backflow data of the plurality of network nodes, the method further includes:

[0154] obtaining at least one simulated hydrological data according to at least one simulated event;

[0155] Calculating the simulation accuracy of the one-dimensional drainage network model and the two-dimensional surface inundation model in the at least one simulation event based on the at least one simulated hydrological data and the at least one measured hydrological data, wherein the simulation accuracy includes a Nash efficiency coefficient and a coefficient of determination;

[0156] The calculation formulas for the Nash efficiency coefficient and the determination coefficient are as follows:

[0157] (5)

[0158] (6)

[0159] Where NSE is the Nash efficiency coefficient, is the coefficient of determination, is the measured hydrological data of the ith measurement session, is the simulated hydrological data of the ith measured event, is the average value of the measured hydrological data of all measured sessions, is the average value of the simulated hydrological data of all measured sessions, n is the total number of measured sessions, and the value range of NSE is (-∞,1];

[0160] The validity of the at least one simulated hydrological data is determined according to the Nash efficiency coefficient and the coefficient of determination.

[0161] In some embodiments, determining the validity of the at least one simulated hydrological data according to the Nash efficiency coefficient and the coefficient of determination includes:

[0162] If it is detected that the Nash efficiency coefficient and the determination coefficient are both greater than a preset threshold, and the relative error between the measured hydrological data and the simulated hydrological data is less than a preset error, then determining that the at least one simulated hydrological data is valid data; and

[0163] If it is detected that the Nash efficiency coefficient and the determination coefficient are not both greater than the preset threshold value, and / or the relative error between the measured hydrological data and the simulated hydrological data is not less than the preset error, then it is determined that at least one simulated hydrological data is invalid data, and the step of "performing data interaction between the one-dimensional drainage network model and the two-dimensional surface inundation model based on the overflow data and backflow data of the multiple network nodes" is re-executed.

[0164] An embodiment of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program / instruction stored thereon. When the computer program / instruction is executed by a processor, the steps of the method described in any possible embodiment are implemented.

[0165] It should be noted that for the aforementioned method embodiments, for the sake of simplicity, they are all expressed as a series of action combinations, but those skilled in the art should be aware that this application is not limited by the order of the actions described, because according to this application, certain steps can be performed in other orders or simultaneously. Secondly, those skilled in the art should also be aware that the embodiments described in the specification are all preferred embodiments, and the actions and modules involved are not necessarily required by this application.

[0166] In the above embodiments, the description of each embodiment has its own focus. For parts that are not described in detail in a certain embodiment, reference can be made to the relevant descriptions of other embodiments.

[0167] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed devices can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. For example, the division of the above-mentioned units is only a logical function division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods, such as multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. Another point is that the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed can be through some interfaces, and the indirect coupling or communication connection of devices or units can be electrical or other forms.

[0168] The units described above as separate components may or may not be physically separate, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of these units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.

[0169] In addition, the functional units in the various embodiments of the present application may be integrated into a single processing unit, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into a single unit. The aforementioned integrated units may be implemented in the form of hardware or software functional units.

[0170] If the above-mentioned integrated unit is implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a computer-readable memory. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present application, or the part that contributes to the existing technology, or all or part of the technical solution can be embodied in the form of a software product. The computer software product is stored in a memory and includes a number of instructions for enabling a computer device (which can be a personal computer, server or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the above-mentioned methods in each embodiment of the present application. The aforementioned memory includes: U disk, read-only memory (ROM, Read-Only Memory), random access memory (RAM, Random Access Memory), mobile hard disk, magnetic disk or optical disk, etc. Various media that can store program code.

[0171] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that all or part of the steps in the various methods of the above embodiments can be completed by a program instructing related hardware. The program can be stored in a computer-readable memory, which may include a flash drive, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk.

[0172] The above is a detailed introduction to the embodiments of the present application. Specific examples are used herein to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present application. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method and core idea of ​​the present application. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, according to the idea of ​​the present application, there may be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be understood as a limitation on the present application.

Claims

1. A method for simulating the surface water action process coupled with an urban pipe network, characterized in that: The method comprises: Obtain the underlying surface data, pipe network data, rainfall data and measured hydrological data of the study area; constructing a one-dimensional drainage pipe network model of the study area based on the underlying surface data, the pipe network data, and the rainfall data; and constructing a two-dimensional surface inundation model of the study area based on the underlying surface data and the rainfall data, wherein the one-dimensional drainage pipe network model and the two-dimensional surface inundation model are bidirectionally coupled via a plurality of pipe network nodes, wherein the plurality of pipe network nodes are exchange nodes for surface water flow and underground pipe flow; Determine at least one simulation session and a total simulation duration corresponding to each simulation session according to the rainfall data and the measured hydrological data; Based on a preset time step, data interaction is performed between the one-dimensional drainage pipe network model and the two-dimensional surface inundation model according to the overflow data and the backflow data of the plurality of pipe network nodes; obtaining at least one simulated hydrological data according to at least one simulated event; Calculating the simulation accuracy of the one-dimensional drainage network model and the two-dimensional surface inundation model in the at least one simulation event based on the at least one simulated hydrological data and the at least one measured hydrological data, wherein the simulation accuracy includes a Nash efficiency coefficient and a coefficient of determination; The calculation formulas for the Nash efficiency coefficient and the determination coefficient are as follows: Among them, NSE is the Nash efficiency coefficient, R 2 is the coefficient of determination, X m,i is the measured hydrological data of the ith measured session, X s,i is the simulated hydrological data of the ith measured event, X m is the average value of the measured hydrological data of all measured sessions, X s is the average value of the simulated hydrological data of all measured sessions, n is the total number of measured sessions, and the value range of NSE is (-∞,1]; If it is detected that the Nash efficiency coefficient and the determination coefficient are both greater than a preset threshold, and the relative error between the measured hydrological data and the simulated hydrological data is less than a preset error, then determining that the at least one simulated hydrological data is valid data; and If it is detected that the Nash efficiency coefficient and the determination coefficient do not both meet the requirements of being greater than the preset threshold, and / or the relative error between the measured hydrological data and the simulated hydrological data is not less than the preset error, then the at least one simulated hydrological data is determined to be invalid data, and the step of performing data interaction between the one-dimensional drainage network model and the two-dimensional surface inundation model based on the overflow data and backflow data of the multiple network nodes is re-executed until the total simulation time of each simulation session is reached, so as to complete the simulation event of the at least one simulation session for the overflow and receding process of the surface water in the study area.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The underlying surface data includes terrain data, elevation data and land use types, and the land use types include construction land, green land, transportation land and public land; The pipe network data includes rainwater pipe information, outlet information, and node information. The rainwater pipe information includes the spatial distribution of the pipe network, pipe diameter, pipe section length, pipe roughness, and upstream and downstream bottom elevations. The outlet information includes the coordinates, elevation, and drainage type of the outlet. The node information includes the node bottom elevation, well depth, and coordinate information. The rainwater pipe information, outlet information, and node information are restricted to the same coordinate system. The rainfall data includes the rainfall amount of at least one measured event, and there is a corresponding relationship between the measured event and the simulated event; The measured hydrological data includes the measured runoff data of the pipeline and the node monitoring water level during the measured rainfall. There is a corresponding relationship between the measured hydrological data and the measured rainfall data, and the test duration of the measured field is the same as the total simulation duration of the corresponding simulation field.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that The data interaction between the one-dimensional drainage pipe network model and the two-dimensional surface inundation model according to the overflow data and the backflow data of the plurality of pipe network nodes includes: In a first time step, performing a surface water flow simulation using the two-dimensional surface inundation model to determine backflow data of the plurality of pipe network nodes in the first time step, the backflow data including backflow volumes of the plurality of pipe network nodes; Sending the backflow data to the one-dimensional drainage pipe network model to drive the one-dimensional drainage pipe network model to perform underground pipe flow simulation in a second time step; In the second time step, performing the underground pipe flow simulation using the one-dimensional drainage pipe network model to determine overflow data of the plurality of pipe network nodes in the second time step, the overflow data including overflow amounts of the plurality of pipe network nodes; The input file of the surface two-dimensional inundation model is updated according to the overflow data, and the surface two-dimensional inundation model is driven to repeat the surface water flow simulation and determine the backflow data of the multiple pipe network nodes in the third time step according to the input file.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that said performing surface water flow simulation according to said two-dimensional surface inundation model to determine the backflow data of said plurality of pipe network nodes in said first time step; The method further comprises: In a fourth time step, performing an underground pipe flow simulation using the one-dimensional drainage pipe network model to determine the coordinates, water depths, and flow rates of pipe network nodes where overflow or backflow occurs in the fourth time step; The surface two-dimensional inundation model is driven to perform the surface water flow simulation within the first time step according to the input file of the surface two-dimensional inundation model and the flow of the pipe network node, and the flow of the pipe network node serves as the input boundary condition for the surface two-dimensional inundation model to perform the surface water flow simulation.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that When the water level of the pipe network node is greater than the surface water level, overflow calculation is performed to obtain the overflow amount of the multiple pipe network nodes, and when the water level of the pipe network node is less than the surface water level, backflow calculation is performed to obtain the backflow amount of the multiple pipe network nodes, and when the water level of the pipe network node is equal to the surface water level, flow exchange is not performed, wherein, The calculation formula for overflow and backflow at each pipe network node is as follows: Among them, Q0 is the overflow of the pipe network node, Q s is the return flow of the network node, C0 is the orifice flow coefficient, and its value range is [0,1]; A m is the water flow area of ​​the network node, g is the acceleration of gravity, h 1d is the water level at the network node, h 2d is the surface water level, h z is the ground elevation, c w is the weir flow coefficient, ranging from [0,1]; w is the circumference of the pipe network node or the width of the stormwater inlet.

6. The method according to any one of claims 3 to 5, characterized in that: The study area in the two-dimensional surface inundation model includes a plurality of closely arranged grid cells, the backflow data further includes a water depth of each grid cell, and surface water flow simulation is performed using the two-dimensional surface inundation model to determine the backflow data of the plurality of pipe network nodes within the first time step. The method further includes: Get the initial water depth of each grid cell; Determining a change in accumulated water in each grid cell after the first time step; The calculation formula for the water flow change of each grid unit is as follows: Q grid =Q up +Q down +Q left +Q right (3) Among them, Q grid is the change in water accumulation in the grid cell, Q up , Q down , Q left , Q right are the flows from the upstream, downstream, left and right grid cells respectively, and are obtained by formula (4); Q ij is the flow rate at the junction of adjacent grid cells i and j, A ij is the cross-sectional area at the junction of adjacent grid cells i and j, R ij is the hydraulic radius at the junction of adjacent grid cells i and j, S ij is the water surface slope between adjacent grid cells i and j, and n is the Manning coefficient; The water accumulation depth of each grid cell is determined according to the water accumulation change, the initial water accumulation depth, and the area of ​​each grid cell.

7. A device for simulating the surface water action process coupled to an urban pipe network, characterized in that: include: Acquisition unit, used to obtain underlying surface data, pipe network data, rainfall data and measured hydrological data of the study area; a processing unit, configured to construct a one-dimensional drainage pipe network model of the study area based on the underlying surface data, the pipe network data, and the rainfall data; and to construct a two-dimensional surface inundation model of the study area based on the underlying surface data and the rainfall data, wherein the one-dimensional drainage pipe network model and the two-dimensional surface inundation model are bidirectionally coupled via a plurality of pipe network nodes, wherein the plurality of pipe network nodes are exchange nodes for surface water flow and underground pipe flow; and determining at least one simulation session and a total simulation duration corresponding to each simulation session based on the rainfall data and the measured hydrological data; and, based on a unified time step, performing data exchange between the one-dimensional drainage pipe network model and the two-dimensional surface inundation model according to the overflow data and the backflow data of the plurality of pipe network nodes; obtaining at least one simulated hydrological data according to at least one simulated event; The simulation accuracy of the one-dimensional drainage network model and the two-dimensional surface inundation model in the at least one simulated event is calculated based on the at least one simulated hydrological data and the at least one measured hydrological data, wherein the simulation accuracy includes a Nash efficiency coefficient and a determination coefficient; wherein the calculation formulas for the Nash efficiency coefficient and the determination coefficient are as follows: Among them, NSE is the Nash efficiency coefficient, R 2 is the coefficient of determination, X m,i is the measured hydrological data of the ith measured session, X s,i is the simulated hydrological data of the ith measured event, X m is the average value of the measured hydrological data of all measured sessions, X s is the average value of the simulated hydrological data of all measured sessions, n is the total number of measured sessions, and the value range of NSE is (-∞,1]; if it is detected that the Nash efficiency coefficient and the determination coefficient are both greater than the preset threshold, and the relative error between the measured hydrological data and the simulated hydrological data is less than the preset error, then the at least one simulated hydrological data is determined to be valid data; and, if it is detected that the Nash efficiency coefficient and the determination coefficient do not satisfy the requirement of being greater than the preset threshold, and / or the relative error between the measured hydrological data and the simulated hydrological data is not less than the preset error, then the at least one simulated hydrological data is determined to be invalid data, and the step of performing data interaction between the one-dimensional drainage network model and the two-dimensional surface inundation model according to the overflow data and backflow data of the multiple network nodes is re-executed until the total simulation time of each simulation session is reached, so as to complete the simulation event of the at least one simulation session for the overflow and receding process of the surface water in the study area.

8. An electronic device, characterized in that: The method comprises a processor and a memory, wherein a computer program is stored in the memory, and when the processor calls the computer program in the memory, the method according to any one of claims 1 to 6 is executed.

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