A monitoring and adjusting system for wastewater pretreatment and automatic reagent adjustment system

Abstract

The application provides a monitoring adjustment and medicament automatic adjustment system for wastewater pretreatment, comprising a pretreatment module, a monitoring module, a medicament preliminary determination module and an adjustment module. Compared with the prior art, the application realizes real-time monitoring of wastewater parameters through the monitoring module, evaluates the initial medicament dosage of wastewater through the medicament preliminary determination module, and dynamically optimizes the medicament dosage scheme in combination with monitoring data and predetermined effluent targets through the adjustment module. The linkage control of the equipment is realized through the PLC of each module, ensuring the accuracy and stability of the wastewater treatment process. The system realizes the automation and optimization of medicament dosage, effectively improves the treatment efficiency, reduces medicament waste and operation cost, and at the same time, enhances the adaptability of the wastewater treatment system to water quality fluctuations, and has high environmental protection and economy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of wastewater pretreatment technology, and in particular to a monitoring, regulation and automated reagent adjustment system for wastewater pretreatment. Background Technology

[0002] Wastewater pretreatment is an indispensable and crucial step in wastewater treatment processes. Its main purpose is to remove most pollutants such as emulsified oil, suspended solids, and colloids, thereby reducing the load on subsequent treatment units and ensuring overall treatment effectiveness. However, traditional wastewater treatment systems mostly rely on single instruments monitoring single parameters, failing to achieve real-time monitoring and coordinated optimization of multiple parameters, resulting in low system control efficiency. In existing systems, reagent dosage is often based on manual experience, lacking dynamic adjustment methods, which easily leads to reagent waste or poor treatment results. Furthermore, the lack of an effective linkage mechanism between the operating parameters of different units makes it difficult to cope with rapid changes in influent water quality or quantity.

[0003] Our experimental team has long been browsing and researching a large amount of relevant records and data on wastewater treatment technologies. Simultaneously, relying on relevant resources and conducting numerous related experiments, we discovered existing technologies such as those disclosed in CN115448479B, CN101693571B, CN108467089B, and CN103601323B. For example, one such technology discloses a pretreatment system for recalcitrant industrial wastewater, comprising a distribution tank, a tubular static mixer, a primary sedimentation tank, a micro-electrolysis tower, a coagulation tank, a secondary sedimentation tank, and an automatic dosing device, all connected sequentially by pipes. The micro-electrolysis tower has an aerator at its bottom inlet, a packing device inside, and a backwash distributor at its top. The present invention also discloses a process method for a pretreatment system. After the wastewater is adjusted to pH, PAC solution and PAM solution are added to a tubular static mixer for coagulation. Then, the wastewater undergoes anoxic micro-electrolysis reduction reaction and aerobic micro-electrolysis oxidation reaction in different micro-electrolysis towers. Finally, the wastewater undergoes Fenton reaction with the reagents in a coagulation tank. After flocculation and sedimentation, the wastewater enters the subsequent unit.

[0004] This invention was developed to address the problems commonly found in the field, such as outdated monitoring methods, low data utilization, inaccurate control of reagent dosing, and low efficiency in separating sludge and waste oil. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings existing in the field by providing a monitoring and regulation system for wastewater pretreatment and an automated reagent adjustment system, thereby solving problems such as outdated monitoring methods, inaccurate reagent dosing, lack of linkage control, and low efficiency in sludge-oil separation in the prior art.

[0006] To overcome the shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A monitoring and regulation system for wastewater pretreatment and an automated reagent adjustment system are provided. The system includes a pretreatment module for pretreating wastewater, a monitoring module for monitoring relevant parameters of the wastewater during the pretreatment process, a reagent preliminary determination module for evaluating and determining the initial reagent dosage for the wastewater, and an adjustment module for dynamically generating an optimized reagent re-dosing and adjustment scheme based on the current treatment effect of the wastewater and the predetermined effluent target.

[0008] Furthermore, the pretreatment module includes an equalization tank, a demulsification sedimentation tank, and a dissolved air flotation tank. Wastewater undergoes pretreatment sequentially through these three tanks.

[0009] The wastewater treated in the equalization tank is called the first wastewater. The equalization tank is equipped with a first mixer to stir the wastewater and a lift pump to transport the first wastewater to the demulsification sedimentation tank. The main function of the equalization tank is to collect and equalize the wastewater volume and quality, and to provide stable influent conditions for the demulsification sedimentation tank and dissolved air flotation tank.

[0010] Furthermore, the demulsification sedimentation tank is also equipped with a first dosing pump for adding ferrous sulfate solution to the demulsification sedimentation tank, a second dosing pump for adding NaOH solution to the demulsification sedimentation tank, a transfer pump for transferring the second wastewater from the demulsification sedimentation tank to the dissolved air flotation tank, a second agitator for promoting thorough mixing of the first wastewater with the NaOH solution and ferrous sulfate solution, a discharge pipe connected to the bottom of the demulsification sedimentation tank, an electrically controlled valve for controlling the closure of the discharge pipe, and a sludge discharge pump for driving the oil sludge and solid sediments through the discharge pipe to the sludge tank.

[0011] The purpose of the demulsification sedimentation tank is to remove emulsified oil, colloidal matter, and large suspended solids from the first wastewater. By adjusting the pH of the first wastewater and adding ferrous sulfate solution, the first wastewater and ferrous sulfate solution are thoroughly mixed. The emulsified oil, colloidal matter, and suspended particles react with the ferrous sulfate solution to form larger flocs. Due to the increase in density, the flocs gradually settle to the bottom of the tank, forming oil sludge and solid sediments. After treatment, the clear liquid on the upper layer of the demulsification sedimentation tank is the second wastewater, and the sediment at the bottom is oil sludge and solid sediments. The second wastewater flows out of the demulsification sedimentation tank and enters the dissolved air flotation tank. The oil sludge and solid sediments are discharged from the demulsification sedimentation tank through pipes.

[0012] Furthermore, the dissolved air flotation tank is also equipped with a third mixer, a scum scraper for removing floating scum from the surface of the dissolved air flotation tank, a jet dissolved air flotation machine, a third dosing pump for adding PAM solution (polyacrylamide) to the demulsification sedimentation tank, a fourth dosing pump for adding PAC solution (polyaluminum chloride) to the demulsification sedimentation tank, a drain pipe connected to the bottom of the dissolved air flotation tank, and valves for controlling the connection between the drain pipe and the bottom of the dissolved air flotation tank.

[0013] In the dissolved air flotation tank, after adding PAC and PAM solutions, the fine suspended solids, emulsified oil particles, and colloidal substances in the second wastewater are neutralized and coagulated under the action of PAC solution to form primary flocs. PAM solution further enhances the strength and stability of the flocs through adsorption bridging. Through the jet dissolved air flotation machine, a large number of microbubbles are released into the dissolved air flotation tank. The flocs attach to the microbubbles and their specific gravity decreases, gradually floating to the water surface to form scum. After the scum is removed by the scum scraper, the dissolved air flotation tank contains the third wastewater that has undergone flotation purification treatment.

[0014] Furthermore, the monitoring module includes a first liquid level sensor for monitoring the liquid level of wastewater in the equalization tank, a first COD monitor for checking the chemical oxygen demand (COD) of the first wastewater in the demulsification sedimentation tank, a first conductivity meter for monitoring the ammonia nitrogen concentration of the first wastewater in the demulsification sedimentation tank, a first pH monitor for monitoring the pH in the demulsification sedimentation tank, a turbidimeter for monitoring the turbidity in the demulsification sedimentation tank, a suspended solids monitor for monitoring the suspended solids concentration in the area 0.1m to 0.15m below the liquid surface in the dissolved air flotation tank, and a second COD monitor for checking the chemical oxygen demand (COD) of the second wastewater in the dissolved air flotation tank.

[0015] Furthermore, the preliminary drug determination module receives monitoring data transmitted from the PLC and further processes the detection data. The preliminary drug determination module performs the following operational steps:

[0016] S101: Calculate the stirring speed Nr of the first mixer:

[0017] ,

[0018] Nr is the operating speed of the first rotator in revolutions per minute (rpm), Nb is the preset basic speed of the first rotator in revolutions per minute (rpm), H is the current liquid level in the regulating tank monitored by the first liquid level sensor in meters, Ht is the reference liquid level in the regulating tank in meters, and k h k is the liquid level adjustment coefficient. d This is the adjustment coefficient for the rate of change of liquid level. The rate of change of the liquid level in the wastewater in the regulating tank in the past 10 minutes is measured in meters per second. Es is the stirring efficiency coefficient obtained by experimental measurement, which is used to represent the effect of the stirrer on the mixing uniformity in the regulating tank. YR is a reference index, and VR ranges from 0.7 to 0.9.

[0019] S102: Calculate the transfer rate vp of the booster pump transporting the first wastewater in the equalization tank to the demulsification sedimentation tank:

[0020] ,

[0021] vb is the preset reference transfer rate of the booster pump, k v k is the adjustment coefficient of the liquid level change rate on the pump transmission rate. n This is the adjustment coefficient of the agitator speed on the booster pump transmission rate;

[0022] S103: Calculate the initial amount of NaOH solution added to the demulsification sedimentation tank (INP) NaOH , ,

[0023] Where V1 is the total volume of the first wastewater entering the demulsification sedimentation tank, in cubic meters, and pH... 实际 The pH value is the current acidity or alkalinity of the liquid in the demulsification sedimentation tank as monitored by the first pH monitor. 目标 ∈[7.0, 9.0], Kp is the acid neutralization capacity coefficient of the wastewater, and the unit of Kp is kg / m², C NaOH This represents the concentration of the NaOH solution, expressed in kilograms per liter.

[0024] S104: Send command to the first dosing pump to add INP. NaOH After a certain volume of NaOH solution enters the demulsification sedimentation tank, NaOH solution is slowly added dropwise to the demulsification sedimentation tank at a pre-set flow rate Vre until the pH is reached, based on continuous monitoring by the first pH monitor. 实际 ∈[7.0-9.0] ;

[0025] S105: Calculate the initial dosage of ferrous sulfate solution (INP) in the demulsification sedimentation tank. 硫酸亚铁 :

[0026] ,

[0027] Kf is the ferrous sulfate solution addition coefficient, C1 COD入池The initial chemical oxygen demand (COD) concentration of the first wastewater entering the demulsification sedimentation tank is obtained from the monitoring of the first COD instrument. In the demulsification sedimentation tank, emulsified oil, colloids, and suspended solids are the main sources of COD concentration. By removing emulsified oil, colloids, and large suspended solids from the first wastewater in the demulsification sedimentation tank, the COD concentration of the first wastewater will decrease. FeSO4 This refers to the concentration of the ferrous sulfate solution.

[0028] S106: Calculate the initial dosage (INP) of PAC solution in the dissolved air flotation tank. PAC :

[0029] ,

[0030] V2 is the total volume of the second wastewater entering the dissolved air flotation tank, in square meters; Kpc is the PAC solution dosage coefficient; SS 入池 C represents the suspended solids concentration of the second wastewater entering the demulsification sedimentation tank, as monitored by a suspended solids monitor. PAC The concentration of the PAC solution;

[0031] S107: Calculate the amount of PAM solution added to the dissolved air flotation tank (INP) PAM ,

[0032] Where Kpm is the PAC solution dosing coefficient.

[0033] The beneficial effects achieved by this invention are:

[0034] 1. Intelligent monitoring and precise adjustment: Real-time monitoring of wastewater pH, chemical oxygen demand, suspended solids concentration, ammonia nitrogen concentration, turbidity, and liquid level is achieved during wastewater pretreatment. The dosage of chemical treatment agents is intelligently adjusted through dynamic optimization algorithms to ensure the stability and accuracy of wastewater treatment results.

[0035] 2. Improved treatment efficiency and reduced costs: Through the coordinated work of the pretreatment module, monitoring module and adjustment module, the operating parameters of each treatment unit were optimized, reducing the waste of reagents, improving the removal efficiency of emulsified oil and suspended solids, and reducing the operating cost of wastewater treatment.

[0036] 3. Enhance system adaptability and sustainability: By adopting parameter optimization methods based on historical data, the system can quickly respond to fluctuations in water quality and quantity, achieving efficient and stable operation of wastewater pretreatment and enhancing the environmental friendliness and sustainability of the treatment system. Attached Figure Description

[0037] The invention will be further understood from the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The components in the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale, but rather the emphasis is on illustrating the principles of the embodiments. In different views, the same reference numerals designate corresponding parts.

[0038] Figure 1 This is a modular schematic diagram of the monitoring and regulation and automated reagent commissioning system for wastewater pretreatment according to the present invention.

[0039] Figure 2 This is a modular schematic diagram of the drug preliminary determination module of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0040] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to its embodiments. It should be noted that the specific embodiments described herein are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of this invention. Other systems, methods, and / or features of this embodiment will become apparent to those skilled in the art after reviewing the following detailed description. Furthermore, the terminology used to describe positional relationships in the accompanying drawings is for illustrative purposes only and should not be construed as limiting this patent. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms according to the specific circumstances.

[0041] Example 1: Combined with Appendix Figure 1 and attached Figure 2 This embodiment constructs a monitoring and regulation and automated reagent debugging system for wastewater pretreatment. The monitoring and regulation and automated reagent debugging system includes a pretreatment module for pretreating wastewater, a monitoring module for monitoring relevant parameters of wastewater during the pretreatment process, a reagent preliminary determination module for evaluating and determining the initial reagent dosage for wastewater, and an adjustment module for dynamically generating an optimized reagent re-dosing and regulation scheme based on the current treatment effect of wastewater and the predetermined effluent target.

[0042] The pretreatment module includes an equalization tank, a demulsification sedimentation tank, and a dissolved air flotation tank. Wastewater is pretreated by passing through the equalization tank, the demulsification sedimentation tank, and the dissolved air flotation tank in sequence.

[0043] The wastewater treated in the equalization tank is called the first wastewater. The equalization tank is equipped with a first agitator to stir the wastewater and a lift pump to transport the first wastewater to the demulsification sedimentation tank. In the pretreatment process: the wastewater first enters the equalization tank. The main function of the equalization tank is to collect and equalize the wastewater volume and quality, reduce the impact of peak load on subsequent treatment units, and at the same time, the first agitator prevents the sedimentation of suspended solids in the first wastewater, providing stable influent conditions for the demulsification sedimentation tank and dissolved air flotation tank. The first wastewater has a relatively uniform water quality and a stable flow rate, and is transported to the demulsification sedimentation tank by the lift pump.

[0044] The demulsification sedimentation tank is also equipped with a first dosing pump for adding ferrous sulfate solution to the demulsification sedimentation tank, a second dosing pump for adding NaOH solution to the demulsification sedimentation tank, a transfer pump for transferring the second wastewater from the demulsification sedimentation tank to the dissolved air flotation tank, a second agitator for promoting thorough mixing of the first wastewater with NaOH solution and ferrous sulfate solution, a discharge pipe connected to the bottom of the demulsification sedimentation tank, an electrically controlled valve for controlling the closure of the discharge pipe, and a sludge discharge pump for driving oil sludge and solid sediments through the discharge pipe to the sludge tank.

[0045] The purpose of the demulsification sedimentation tank is to remove emulsified oil, colloidal matter, and large suspended solids from the first wastewater. By adjusting the pH of the first wastewater and adding ferrous sulfate solution, the first wastewater and ferrous sulfate solution are thoroughly mixed. The emulsified oil, colloidal matter, and suspended particles react with the ferrous sulfate solution to form larger flocs. Due to the increase in density, the flocs gradually settle to the bottom of the tank, forming oil sludge and solid sediments. After treatment, the clear liquid on the upper layer of the demulsification sedimentation tank is the second wastewater, and the sediment at the bottom is oil sludge and solid sediments. The second wastewater flows out of the demulsification sedimentation tank and enters the dissolved air flotation tank. The oil sludge and solid sediments are discharged from the demulsification sedimentation tank through pipes.

[0046] The dissolved air flotation tank is also equipped with a third mixer, a scum scraper for removing scum floating on the surface of the dissolved air flotation tank, a jet dissolved air flotation machine, a third dosing pump for adding PAM solution polyacrylamide to the demulsification sedimentation tank, a fourth dosing pump for adding PAC solution polyaluminum chloride to the demulsification sedimentation tank, a drain pipe connected to the bottom of the dissolved air flotation tank, and valves for controlling the connection between the drain pipe and the bottom of the dissolved air flotation tank.

[0047] In the dissolved air flotation tank, after adding PAC and PAM solutions, the fine suspended solids, emulsified oil particles, and colloidal substances in the second wastewater are neutralized and coagulated under the action of PAC solution to form primary flocs. PAM solution further enhances the strength and stability of the flocs through adsorption bridging. Through the jet dissolved air flotation machine, a large number of microbubbles are released into the dissolved air flotation tank. The flocs attach to the microbubbles and their specific gravity decreases, gradually floating to the water surface to form scum. After the scum is removed by the scum scraper, the dissolved air flotation tank contains the third wastewater that has undergone flotation purification treatment.

[0048] The multi-stage pretreatment module of this invention can effectively remove emulsified oil, colloidal matter, large suspended solids, and fine suspended particles from wastewater, ensuring that the wastewater quality is optimized at each stage. Automated dosing and adjustment of chemicals not only reduce manual operation costs but also improve the efficiency of chemical use and avoid waste. At the same time, the pretreatment module can reduce the impact of sudden loads and water quality fluctuations, and improve the load capacity of subsequent treatment units, thereby achieving the stability, energy saving, and environmental protection goals of the wastewater treatment process, and achieving sustainable and low-cost treatment results.

[0049] Example 2: Combined with Appendix Figure 1 and attached Figure 2 In addition to the contents of the above embodiments, the monitoring module further includes a first liquid level sensor for monitoring the liquid level height of wastewater in the equalization tank, a first COD monitor for checking the chemical oxygen demand of the first wastewater in the demulsification sedimentation tank, a first conductivity meter for monitoring the ammonia nitrogen concentration of the first wastewater in the demulsification sedimentation tank, a first pH monitor for monitoring the acidity and alkalinity in the demulsification sedimentation tank, a turbidimeter for monitoring the turbidity in the demulsification sedimentation tank, a suspended solids monitor for monitoring the suspended solids concentration in the area 0.1m to 0.15m below the liquid surface of the dissolved air flotation tank, and a second COD monitor for checking the chemical oxygen demand of the second wastewater in the dissolved air flotation tank.

[0050] The preliminary drug determination module receives monitoring data transmitted from the PLC and further processes the detection data. The preliminary drug determination module performs the following operational steps:

[0051] S101: Calculate the stirring speed Nr of the first mixer:

[0052] ,

[0053] Nr is the operating speed of the first rotator in revolutions per minute (rpm), Nb is the preset basic speed of the first rotator in revolutions per minute (rpm), H is the current liquid level in the regulating tank monitored by the first liquid level sensor in meters, Ht is the reference liquid level in the regulating tank in meters, and k h k is the liquid level adjustment coefficient. d This is the adjustment coefficient for the rate of change of liquid level. The rate of change of the liquid level in the wastewater in the regulating tank in the past 10 minutes is measured in meters per second. Es is the stirring efficiency coefficient obtained by experimental measurement, which is used to represent the effect of the stirrer on the mixing uniformity in the regulating tank. YR is a reference index, and VR ranges from 0.7 to 0.9.

[0054] S102: Calculate the transfer rate vp of the booster pump transporting the first wastewater in the equalization tank to the demulsification sedimentation tank:

[0055] ,

[0056] vb is the preset reference transfer rate of the booster pump, k v k is the adjustment coefficient of the liquid level change rate on the pump transmission rate. n This is the adjustment coefficient of the agitator speed on the booster pump transmission rate;

[0057] S103: Calculate the initial amount of NaOH solution added to the demulsification sedimentation tank (INP) NaOH , ,

[0058] Where V1 is the total volume of the first wastewater entering the demulsification sedimentation tank, in cubic meters, and pH... 实际 The pH value is the current acidity or alkalinity of the liquid in the demulsification sedimentation tank as monitored by the first pH monitor. 目标 ∈[7.0, 9.0], Kp is the acid neutralization capacity coefficient of the wastewater, and the unit of Kp is kg / m², C NaOH The concentration of the NaOH solution is expressed in kilograms per liter.

[0059] S104: Send command to the first dosing pump to add INP. NaOH After a certain volume of NaOH solution enters the demulsification sedimentation tank, NaOH solution is slowly added dropwise to the demulsification sedimentation tank at a pre-set flow rate Vre until the pH is reached, based on continuous monitoring by the first pH monitor. 实际 ∈[7.0-9.0] ;

[0060] S105: Calculate the initial dosage of ferrous sulfate solution (INP) in the demulsification sedimentation tank. 硫酸亚铁 :

[0061] ,

[0062] Kf is the ferrous sulfate solution addition coefficient, C1 COD入池 The initial chemical oxygen demand (COD) concentration of the first wastewater entering the demulsification sedimentation tank is obtained from the monitoring of the first COD instrument. In the demulsification sedimentation tank, emulsified oil, colloids, and suspended solids are the main sources of COD concentration. By removing emulsified oil, colloids, and large suspended solids from the first wastewater in the demulsification sedimentation tank, the COD concentration of the first wastewater will decrease. FeSO4 This refers to the concentration of the ferrous sulfate solution.

[0063] S106: Calculate the initial dosage (INP) of PAC solution in the dissolved air flotation tank. PAC :

[0064] ,

[0065] V2 is the total volume of the second wastewater entering the dissolved air flotation tank, in square meters; Kpc is the PAC solution dosage coefficient; SS 入池 C represents the suspended solids concentration of the second wastewater entering the demulsification sedimentation tank, as monitored by a suspended solids monitor. PAC The concentration of the PAC solution;

[0066] S107: Calculate the amount of PAM solution added to the dissolved air flotation tank (INP) PAM ,

[0067] Where Kpm is the PAC solution dosing coefficient;

[0068] The data for the stirring efficiency coefficient Es is obtained through the following steps S201-S205:

[0069] S201: Experimental Preparation: Several suspended solids concentration monitoring points are evenly distributed at the bottom, middle, and top of the equalization tank. Data on the suspended solids concentration at each monitoring point is collected using a suspended solids concentration monitor. Representative wastewater samples are prepared and added to the equalization tank.

[0070] S202: Experimental Procedure:

[0071] Mixer start-up: Start the first mixer and set the mixing speed to a fixed value M;

[0072] Data recording: Five minutes after the stirring operation, the suspended solids concentration data at different monitoring points in the equalization tank were collected;

[0073] Uniformity analysis: Based on the collected concentration data, the mean μ and standard deviation σ of the suspended solids concentration distribution, as well as the CV value, are calculated. ;

[0074] S203: Repeat the experiment: Adjust M to different values, and M∈(Nb-20%, Nb+40%), repeat the above experimental steps, and record the CV value at different rotation speeds;

[0075] S204: Data Analysis: Obtain the CV values ​​at different stirring speeds M through experiments, plot the relationship curve between CV values ​​and stirring speed M, and establish the functional relationship between CV and M using polynomial fitting or exponential fitting, CV=f(M). Find the point of optimal mixing uniformity, i.e., the minimum point of CV value, CVmin, in the relationship curve.

[0076] S205: Defines the stirring coefficient Es: Where CV(Nb) is the CV value at Nb rotational speed.

[0077] Those skilled in the art, through analysis of historical wastewater pretreatment records and the results of numerous repeated wastewater pretreatment experiments, and further, by optimizing the dosage of NaOH solution in the demulsification sedimentation tank and analyzing the functional relationship between the target pH value and the actual adjustment effect by fitting experimental data, established a mathematical model between the dosage of NaOH solution and pH adjustment, and corrected it with actual operating data, so that Kp can accurately reflect pH. 目标 -pH 实际 The required dosage is determined, and the Kp value is accurately calculated, thereby enabling efficient pH adjustment and optimized reagent dosing in actual operation.

[0078] The correlation between the chemical oxygen demand (COD) concentration of the first wastewater in the demulsification sedimentation tank and the dosage of ferrous sulfate solution was measured experimentally. The influence of ferrous sulfate solution on COD removal efficiency was analyzed. Based on the changing trend of COD removal efficiency under different operating conditions, a functional relationship between COD concentration and ferrous sulfate dosage was established. Through data fitting and experimental correction, the value of Kf was finally determined so that it can reflect the relationship between the COD concentration of the first wastewater entering the demulsification sedimentation tank and the dosage of ferrous sulfate solution.

[0079] The optimal dosage of PAC solution for flocculation in dissolved air flotation (DAF) tanks was determined through experiments. The dosage of PAC solution was adjusted according to the target suspended solids removal from the wastewater. The impact of different PAC solution dosages on the flocculation effect was analyzed. By combining the suspended solids concentration in the wastewater and the actual dosage efficiency of the PAC solution, a correlation between the PAC solution dosage and the flocculation effect was fitted. This correlation was then corrected using actual operational data to accurately reflect the relationship between the PAC solution dosage and the suspended solids concentration of the second wastewater in the DAF tank, thus determining Kpc.

[0080] The flocculation effect of the combined action of PAM solution and PAC solution was verified by experiments. The influence of the synergistic addition ratio of the two solutions on the removal effect was analyzed. The functional relationship between the addition ratio of PAM solution and PAC solution was fitted. Based on the experimental data and operation results, the value of Kpa ​​was finally determined so that it can reflect the optimal synergistic addition ratio of PAM solution and PAC solution.

[0081] This invention optimizes the dosage and synergistic ratio of ferrous sulfate solution, PAC solution, and PAM solution through experimental measurement and data analysis, significantly improving the efficiency and stability of wastewater treatment. By establishing a functional relationship between key parameters and wastewater purification effect, and correcting it with actual operating data, the accuracy and adaptability of reagent dosage are ensured. This not only improves the pollutant removal effect but also reduces reagent waste and operating costs. In addition, this solution enhances the system's adaptability to varying wastewater conditions, achieving both economic efficiency and environmental friendliness in the wastewater treatment process, demonstrating the advantages of data-driven refined management and efficient treatment.

[0082] Example 3: Combined with Appendix Figure 1 and attached Figure 2 In addition to the content of the above embodiments, the adjustment module also implements the following operational steps:

[0083] 301: Calculate the wastewater evolution efficiency EFV1 in the demulsification sedimentation tank:

[0084] ,

[0085] C1 COD入池 The initial chemical oxygen demand (COD) concentration of the first wastewater entering the demulsification sedimentation tank, as monitored by the first COD monitor, is Tur 入池 CN represents the initial turbidity of the first wastewater entering the demulsification sedimentation tank, as monitored by a turbidity meter. 入池 The initial ammonia nitrogen concentration of the first wastewater entering the demulsification sedimentation tank was obtained by monitoring the first conductivity meter.

[0086] After the NaOH solution and the initial amount of ferrous sulfate solution were added to the demulsification sedimentation tank, the minimum chemical oxygen demand (COD) concentration in the demulsification sedimentation tank, as monitored by the first COD monitor, was C1. COD稳定， The minimum ammonia nitrogen concentration in the demulsification sedimentation tank was obtained by monitoring with the first conductivity meter as CN. 稳定 The minimum turbidity in the demulsification sedimentation tank was measured to be Tur using a turbidimeter. 稳定 ,

[0087] α1, α2, and α3 are weighting coefficients, and α1+α2+α3=1. α1, α2, and α3 are determined by those skilled in the art based on historical data from the demulsification sedimentation tank as samples, and through extensive repeated training, the values ​​of α1, α2, and α3 are gradually adjusted to ultimately maximize the EFV1 value, reflecting the purification effect of the demulsification sedimentation tank on the first wastewater.

[0088] RDF1 is the standard reference value for chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal in demulsification sedimentation tanks; RDF2 is the standard reference value for ammonia nitrogen removal in demulsification sedimentation tanks; and RDF3 is the standard reference value for turbidity removal in demulsification sedimentation tanks.

[0089] RDF1 is determined based on the design objectives and expected purification effect of the demulsification sedimentation tank. It is used to quantify the target change in chemical oxygen demand (COD) that should be achieved after treatment in the demulsification sedimentation tank. RDF1 reflects the standard reference value for COD removal during the treatment of primary wastewater by the demulsification sedimentation tank.

[0090] RDF2 is determined based on the design objectives and expected purification effects of the demulsification sedimentation tank. It is used to quantify the target change in ammonia nitrogen concentration that should be achieved after treatment in the demulsification sedimentation tank. RDF2 reflects the standard reference value for ammonia nitrogen removal during the treatment of primary wastewater by the demulsification sedimentation tank, and is used to measure whether the demulsification sedimentation tank has achieved the design expectations in terms of ammonia nitrogen removal.

[0091] rdf3 is determined based on the design objectives and expected purification effect of the demulsification sedimentation tank. It is used to quantify the target change value of turbidity that should be achieved after treatment in the demulsification sedimentation tank. rdf3 reflects the standard reference value of turbidity removal in the treatment process of the first wastewater by the demulsification sedimentation tank and is an indicator for measuring the clarity of effluent and the effect of flocculation and sedimentation.

[0092] 302: Calculate the evolution efficiency EFV2 of the dissolved air flotation tank for the second wastewater:

[0093] ,

[0094] The initial chemical oxygen demand (COD) concentration C1 of the second wastewater in the dissolved air flotation tank was obtained by monitoring the second COD instrument. COD再处理 SS 入池 The suspended solids concentration of the second wastewater entering the demulsification sedimentation tank, as monitored by a suspended solids monitor.

[0095] After the initial dosage of PAC and PAM solutions was added to the dissolved air flotation (DAF) tank, the minimum chemical oxygen demand (COD) concentration C1 in the DAF tank was obtained by monitoring the second COD instrument. COD最后 The minimum suspended solids concentration (SS) in the dissolved air flotation tank, as monitored by a suspended solids monitor. 最后 ,

[0096] β1 and β2 are weighting coefficients, and β1 + β2 = 1. β1 and β2 were determined by those skilled in the art based on historical data from dissolved air flotation (DAF) tanks, and their values ​​were gradually adjusted through extensive repeated training to maximize the EFV2 value, which best reflects the DAF tank's effectiveness in purifying the second wastewater. tdw1 is the standard reference value for chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal in the DAF tank, and tdw2 is the standard reference value for suspended solids (SSD) removal in the DAF tank.

[0097] TDW1 is determined based on the design objectives and expected purification effects of the dissolved air flotation (DAF) tank. It is used to quantify the target change in chemical oxygen demand (COD) after treatment in the DAF tank. TDW1 reflects the standard reference value for COD removal during the treatment of secondary wastewater by the DAF tank.

[0098] TDW2 is determined based on the design objectives and expected purification effects of the dissolved air flotation (DAF) tank. It is used to quantify the target change in suspended solids that should be achieved after treatment in the demulsification sedimentation tank. RDF2 reflects the standard reference amount of suspended solids removal during the treatment of the second wastewater in the demulsification sedimentation tank, and is used to measure whether the demulsification sedimentation tank has achieved the design expectations in terms of suspended solids removal.

[0099] S303: In EFV1> EFV1 threshold When it is determined that the demulsification sedimentation tank has achieved the expected purification target for the first wastewater, it is not necessary to add ferrous sulfate solution to the demulsification sedimentation tank.

[0100] In EFV1≤EFV1 threshold If it is determined that the demulsification sedimentation tank has not achieved the expected purification target for the first wastewater, ferrous sulfate solution needs to be added to the demulsification sedimentation tank until EFV1 > EFV1. threshold ;

[0101] S304: In EFV2> EFV2 threshold When it is determined that the dissolved air flotation tank has achieved the expected purification target for the second wastewater, it is not necessary to add PAC solution and PAM solution to the demulsification sedimentation tank.

[0102] In EFV1≤EFV1 threshold If it is determined that the dissolved air flotation tank has not achieved the expected purification target for the second wastewater, it is necessary to replenish the demulsification sedimentation tank with PAC solution and PAM solution until EFV2 > EFV2. threshold ;

[0103] EFV1 threshold EFV1 is used as the lower limit threshold for evaluating the purification effect of the demulsification sedimentation tank on the first wastewater. threshold The numerical value is determined by the art based on the design objectives and expected purification effect of the demulsification sedimentation tank. Different EFV1 values ​​of demulsification sedimentation tanks in empirical data are analyzed through statistical analysis, machine learning algorithms, or ROC curve analysis. threshold The value is set to a value that can effectively distinguish the degree of purification of the first wastewater by the demulsification sedimentation tank to achieve the expected purification effect.

[0104] EFV2 threshold EFV2 is used as the lower limit threshold for evaluating the purification effect of dissolved air flotation (DAF) on the second wastewater. thresholdThe numerical value is determined by the art based on the design objectives and expected purification effect of the dissolved air flotation tank, and by analyzing different EFV2 values ​​of dissolved air flotation tanks in empirical data through statistical analysis, machine learning algorithms, or ROC curve analysis. threshold The value is set to a value that can effectively distinguish whether the dissolved air flotation tank achieves the expected purification effect on the second wastewater.

[0105] The initial reagent determination module and adjustment module are integrated on a cloud platform. The electrical equipment in the pretreatment module and monitoring module are electrically connected through a PLC. The PLC is responsible for receiving real-time data from the monitoring instruments in the monitoring module and uploading the data to the cloud platform for processing via communication technology. At the same time, the cloud platform generates optimized control commands based on real-time data analysis and sends them to the PLC via communication technology. The PLC accurately transmits the optimized control commands to the electrical equipment in the pretreatment module and dynamically adjusts their operating parameters, thereby realizing intelligent monitoring and precise dosing control in the wastewater pretreatment process.

[0106] The adjustment module, through EFV1 and EFV2, combined with multiple key indicators such as chemical oxygen demand, ammonia nitrogen concentration, turbidity, and suspended solids concentration, achieves precise quantitative evaluation of the purification effect of demulsification sedimentation tank and dissolved air flotation tank. It dynamically optimizes the dosage of reagents using weighting coefficients and standard reference values, significantly improving treatment efficiency and reducing reagent waste. By using historical data, statistical analysis, and machine learning algorithms to determine optimization parameters and thresholds, it ensures the intelligent and adaptable operation of the system, enhances the stability and efficiency of wastewater treatment, and reduces operating costs, thus achieving the goal of efficient, economical, and sustainable wastewater treatment.

[0107] While the invention has been described above with reference to various embodiments, it should be understood that many changes and modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the invention. That is, the methods, systems, and devices discussed above are examples. Various configurations can be appropriately omitted, substituted, or added to various processes or components. For example, in alternative configurations, methods can be performed in a different order than described, and / or various components can be added, omitted, and / or combined. Moreover, features described with respect to certain configurations can be combined in various other configurations, such as different aspects and elements of the configuration can be combined in a similar manner. Furthermore, the elements therein can be updated as the technology develops; many elements are examples and do not limit the scope of this disclosure or the claims. It should also be understood that after reading the description of this invention, those skilled in the art can make various alterations or modifications to the invention, and these equivalent changes and modifications also fall within the scope defined by the claims of this invention.

Claims

1. A monitoring and regulation system for wastewater pretreatment and an automated reagent adjustment system, characterized in that, The monitoring, regulation, and automated reagent adjustment system includes a pretreatment module for pretreating wastewater, a monitoring module for monitoring relevant parameters of the wastewater during the pretreatment process, a reagent preliminary determination module for evaluating and determining the initial reagent dosage for the wastewater, and an adjustment module for dynamically generating an optimized reagent re-dosing and regulation scheme based on the current treatment effect of the wastewater and the predetermined effluent target. The relevant parameters include at least the pH value, chemical oxygen demand, suspended solids concentration, ammonia nitrogen concentration, turbidity, and liquid level of the wastewater. The pretreatment module includes an equalization tank, a demulsification sedimentation tank, and a dissolved air flotation tank. Wastewater is pretreated by passing through the equalization tank, the demulsification sedimentation tank, and the dissolved air flotation tank in sequence. The wastewater treated in the equalization tank is called the first wastewater. The equalization tank is equipped with a first mixer to stir the wastewater and a lift pump to transport the first wastewater to the demulsification sedimentation tank. The main function of the equalization tank is to collect and equalize the wastewater volume and quality, and to provide stable influent conditions for the demulsification sedimentation tank and dissolved air flotation tank. The demulsification sedimentation tank is also equipped with a first dosing pump for adding ferrous sulfate solution to the demulsification sedimentation tank, a second dosing pump for adding NaOH solution to the demulsification sedimentation tank, a transfer pump for transferring the second wastewater from the demulsification sedimentation tank to the dissolved air flotation tank, a second agitator for promoting thorough mixing of the first wastewater with NaOH solution and ferrous sulfate solution, a discharge pipe connected to the bottom of the demulsification sedimentation tank, an electrically controlled valve for controlling the closure of the discharge pipe, and a sludge discharge pump for driving oil sludge and solid sediments through the discharge pipe to the sludge tank; The purpose of the demulsification sedimentation tank is to remove emulsified oil, colloidal matter, and large suspended solids from the first wastewater. By adjusting the pH of the first wastewater and adding ferrous sulfate solution, the first wastewater and ferrous sulfate solution are thoroughly mixed. After the emulsified oil, colloidal matter, and suspended solids react with the ferrous sulfate solution, they form larger flocs. Due to the increase in density, the flocs gradually settle to the bottom of the tank, forming oil sludge and solid sediments. After treatment, the clear liquid on the upper layer of the demulsification sedimentation tank is the second wastewater, and the sediment at the bottom is oil sludge and solid sediments. The second wastewater flows out of the demulsification sedimentation tank and enters the dissolved air flotation tank. The oil sludge and solid sediments are discharged from the demulsification sedimentation tank through pipes. The dissolved air flotation tank is also equipped with a third mixer, a scum scraper for removing scum floating on the surface of the dissolved air flotation tank, a jet dissolved air flotation machine, a third dosing pump for adding PAM solution to the dissolved air flotation tank, a fourth dosing pump for adding PAC solution to the dissolved air flotation tank, a drain pipe connected to the bottom of the dissolved air flotation tank, and a valve for controlling the connection between the drain pipe and the bottom of the dissolved air flotation tank. In the dissolved air flotation tank, after adding PAC solution and PAM solution, the fine suspended solids, emulsified oil particles and colloidal matter in the second wastewater are neutralized and coagulated to form primary flocs under the action of PAC solution. PAM solution further enhances the strength and stability of flocs through adsorption bridging. Through the jet dissolved air flotation machine, a large number of microbubbles are released into the dissolved air flotation tank. The flocs attach to the microbubbles and their specific gravity decreases. They gradually float to the water surface to form scum. After the scum is removed by the scum scraper, the dissolved air flotation tank contains the third wastewater that has undergone flotation purification treatment. The monitoring module includes a first liquid level sensor for monitoring the liquid level of wastewater in the equalization tank, a first COD monitor for monitoring the chemical oxygen demand (COD) of the first wastewater in the demulsification sedimentation tank, a first conductivity meter for monitoring the ammonia nitrogen concentration of the first wastewater in the demulsification sedimentation tank, a first pH monitor for monitoring the pH of the demulsification sedimentation tank, a turbidimeter for monitoring the turbidity of the demulsification sedimentation tank, a suspended solids monitor for monitoring the suspended solids concentration in the area 0.1m to 0.15m below the liquid surface of the dissolved air flotation tank, and a second COD monitor for monitoring the chemical oxygen demand (COD) of the second wastewater in the dissolved air flotation tank. The preliminary drug determination module receives monitoring data transmitted from the PLC and further processes the monitoring data. The preliminary drug determination module performs the following operational steps: S101: Calculate the stirring speed Nr of the first mixer: ， Nr is the operating speed of the first agitator in revolutions per minute (rpm), Nb is the preset basic speed of the first agitator in revolutions per minute (rpm), H is the current liquid level in the regulating tank monitored by the first liquid level sensor in meters, Ht is the reference liquid level in the regulating tank in meters, and k h k is the liquid level adjustment coefficient. d This is the adjustment coefficient for the rate of change of liquid level. The rate of change of the liquid level in the wastewater in the regulating tank in the past 10 minutes is measured in meters per second. Es is the stirring efficiency coefficient obtained by experimental measurement, which is used to represent the effect of the stirrer on the mixing uniformity in the regulating tank. Yr is a reference index with a value range of 0.7-0.

9. S102: Calculate the transfer rate vp of the booster pump transporting the first wastewater in the equalization tank to the demulsification sedimentation tank: ， vb is the preset reference transfer rate of the booster pump, k v k is the adjustment coefficient of the liquid level change rate on the pump transmission rate. n This is the adjustment coefficient of the agitator speed on the booster pump transmission rate; S103: Calculate the initial amount of NaOH solution added to the demulsification sedimentation tank (INP) NaOH溶液 , , Where V1 is the total volume of the first wastewater entering the demulsification sedimentation tank, in cubic meters, and pH... 实际 The pH value is the current acidity or alkalinity of the liquid in the demulsification sedimentation tank as monitored by the first pH monitor. 目标 ∈[7.0, 9.0], Kp is the acid neutralization capacity coefficient of the wastewater, and the unit of Kp is kg / m³, C NaOH This represents the concentration of the NaOH solution, expressed in kilograms per liter. S104: Send command to the second dosing pump to add INP. NaOH After the NaOH solution of a certain volume enters the demulsification sedimentation tank, the solution is continuously added to the tank dropwise at a pre-set flow rate Vre until the pH reaches the set level, based on continuous monitoring by a first pH monitor. 实际 ∈[7.0-9.0] ; S105: Calculate the initial dosage of ferrous sulfate solution (INP) in the demulsification sedimentation tank. 硫酸亚铁 : ， Kf is the ferrous sulfate solution addition coefficient, C1 COD入池 The initial chemical oxygen demand (COD) concentration of the first wastewater entering the demulsification sedimentation tank is obtained from the monitoring of the first COD instrument. In the demulsification sedimentation tank, emulsified oil, colloids, and suspended solids are the main sources of COD concentration. By removing emulsified oil, colloids, and large suspended solids from the first wastewater in the demulsification sedimentation tank, the COD concentration of the first wastewater will decrease. FeSO4 This refers to the concentration of the ferrous sulfate solution. S106: Calculate the initial dosage (INP) of PAC solution in the dissolved air flotation tank. PAC : ， V2 is the total volume of the second wastewater entering the dissolved air flotation tank, in cubic meters; Kpc is the PAC solution dosage coefficient; SS 入池 C represents the concentration of suspended solids in the second wastewater entering the dissolved air flotation tank, as monitored by a suspended solids monitor. PAC The concentration of the PAC solution; S107: Calculate the amount of PAM solution added to the dissolved air flotation tank (INP) PAM , Where Kpm is the PAM solution dosing coefficient.

Images