Combined sand control system for preventing and controlling sand burying of road and wind erosion of roadbed slope in desert area

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of desertification control, and particularly relates to a combined desertification control system for preventing and controlling road sand burying and roadbed slope wind erosion in a desert area. According to the combined desertification control system, a calcium carbonate precipitation protection layer is formed by spraying the prepared treatment liquid on the surface of the road slope, wind erosion of the roadbed slope can be prevented, meanwhile, rainwater scouring can be reduced, and the stability of the slope is greatly improved; sand blocking belts composed of sand rivets arranged in different forms are arranged on the two sides of a roadbed slope and used for preventing desert road sand wind erosion, and a certain buffering distance is arranged between the sand blocking belts and slope toes of the side slopes on the two sides of the roadbed so that influences generated by automobiles on the road can be avoided. The calcium carbonate precipitation protection layer generated on the side slope and the solidification sand riveting sand control system arranged in the grids have the advantages of being good in sand control effect and beneficial to plant growth, and the defects that a traditional sand control method is high in cost and difficult to implement are overcome.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of desert control, and more specifically relates to a combined sand control system for preventing and controlling sand burial and wind erosion of roadbed slopes in desert areas. Background Art

[0002] Highways in desertified areas pass through windy and sandy areas, and the maintenance of highways in desertified areas makes highway sand damage more serious. Affected by wind and sand disasters, various construction projects in desert areas are facing the threat of wind and sand disasters, especially highways crossing desert areas. The harm of wind and sand to embankments is that sand particles affect embankments under the action of wind. The form of wind and sand disasters mainly depends on the form of the embankment itself and the differences in regional landforms.

[0003] The hazards of wind and sand are manifested in sand burial, wind erosion, sand beating, sand cutting, etc. These hazards are mainly manifested in the impact of sand particles carried by airflow under the action of strong wind on highway embankments, vehicles on the road, embankment slopes, etc. In order to ensure the safe operation of highways, research on the control of wind and sand disasters is particularly important. The core of the prevention and control of sand burial disasters on desert highways is to set up wind and sand blocking structures on the surface of desert wind-blown sand to reduce wind speed and wind and sand erosion on embankments and slopes.

[0004] Traditional methods for preventing and controlling sand burial on desert highways generally have the problems of being unable to obtain local materials, being high in cost, and polluting the desert environment around the highway. Therefore, it is urgent to develop an economical, environmentally friendly, efficient, and sustainable sand control method to cope with the impact of wind and sand disasters on highways in desert areas. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a combined sand control system for preventing and controlling sand burial and wind erosion of roadbed slopes on highways in desert areas, a combined sand control system of plant urease-induced mineralization and solidification of sand riveting and a calcium carbonate precipitation protective layer formed on the roadbed slope after spraying a treatment liquid, so as to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art and achieve more economical, environmentally friendly, efficient and sustainable prevention and control of wind and sand hazards on highways in desert areas compared with traditional prevention and control methods.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:

[0007] One of the technical solutions of the present invention is to provide a combined sand control system for preventing sand burial and wind erosion of roadbed slopes on highways in desert areas, including a solidified calcium carbonate precipitation protective layer formed on the roadbed slopes of highways in desert areas and sand blocking belts arranged on both sides of the roadbed slopes;

[0008] A buffer zone is provided between the sand-blocking zone and the roadbed;

[0009] The sand blocking belt is provided with solidified sand rivets.

[0010] Optionally, the arrangement of the solidified sand rivets includes a square arrangement, a staggered arrangement or a polygonal arrangement.

[0011] The second technical solution of the present invention provides a method for manufacturing the above-mentioned combined sand control system, the steps comprising:

[0012] Prepare treatment fluid;

[0013] Using the treatment liquid to treat the roadbed slope of a highway in a desert area to form a protective layer;

[0014] The treatment fluid is used to prepare solidified sand rivets, and the solidified sand rivets are arranged on both sides of the roadbed slope to form a sand barrier.

[0015] Spraying the prepared treatment liquid on the surface of the highway slope to form a calcium carbonate precipitation protective layer can prevent wind erosion of the roadbed slope, and also reduce rain erosion, greatly improving the stability of the slope; setting a sand barrier composed of solidified sand rivets arranged in different forms on both sides of the roadbed slope to prevent wind and sand erosion on desert roads, and setting a certain buffer distance between the sand barrier and the foot of the slopes on both sides of the roadbed to avoid the impact of cars passing by on the road. The calcium carbonate precipitation protective layer generated on the slope and the solidified sand rivet sand control system arranged in a grid involved in the present invention not only have the advantages of good sand control effect and are conducive to plant growth, but also improve the defects of high cost and difficult implementation of traditional sand control methods.

[0016] Furthermore, the treatment solution consists of urea, calcium chloride and urease solution.

[0017] Urea is hydrolyzed to produce carbonate ions under the action of urease, and carbonate ions react with calcium ions in the calcium chloride solution to form calcium carbonate precipitates. The reaction equation for the formation of calcium carbonate induced by free urease is as follows:

[0018]

[0019] Calcium carbonate crystals induced by urease will have a cementing and filling effect on the soil, forming a natural protective layer on the surface of the roadbed slope to solve the problems of wind erosion and rain erosion of the roadbed slope. If the time interval between two sprayings is too short, the reaction has not been fully completed and a hard crust layer of a certain strength cannot be formed. The impact of water during spraying will destroy its effect.

[0020] Then, sand-blocking belts are set up on both sides of the roadbed slope. The sand-blocking belts are composed of sand rivets arranged in various forms to resist the wind and sand blowing from afar and prevent wind and sand erosion on the highway.

[0021] Setting a certain buffer distance between the sand-blocking belt and the roadbed slope can avoid mechanical damage caused by strong airflows generated by cars passing on the road.

[0022] Optionally, the concentration of urea in the treatment liquid is 0.1 to 3 mol / L.

[0023] Optionally, the concentration of calcium chloride in the treatment solution is 0.1 to 3 mol / L.

[0024] Optionally, the concentration ratio of urea to calcium chloride in the treatment liquid is 1 to 2:1.

[0025] Optionally, the steps of preparing the urease solution include:

[0026] The soybeans were crushed and passed through an 80-mesh sieve to obtain soybean powder;

[0027] The soybean powder and water are prepared into a soybean powder solution in a ratio of 10-100 g:1 L, stirred evenly, allowed to stand, and the supernatant is taken. The supernatant is centrifuged to remove insoluble matter to obtain the urease solution.

[0028] Optionally, the centrifugation speed is 3000 rpm, the time is 15 min, and the temperature is 4°C.

[0029] Furthermore, the step of using the treatment liquid to treat the roadbed slope of a highway in a desert area to form a protective layer includes:

[0030] The treatment liquid is sprayed on the roadbed slope 1 to 4 times, with a spraying interval of 3 hours and a spraying amount of 1 to 4 L / m 2 .

[0031] Furthermore, the step of preparing the solidified sand rivet using the treatment liquid comprises:

[0032] The wind-blown sand and soil on both sides of the highway are collected and mixed with the treatment liquid, and then piled into a nail rivet shape, and the solidified sand rivets are obtained after curing for 7 days.

[0033] Optionally, the cured sand rivet has a diameter of 10 to 20 cm and a height of 20 to 30 cm.

[0034] More than 90% of the sand in the wind-blown sand flow passes within 30 cm from the ground surface. Therefore, using solidified sand rivets with a height of 20 to 30 cm is sufficient to withstand most of the sand.

[0035] Optionally, the amount of the treatment liquid used is 1 times the void volume of the sandy soil.

[0036] Furthermore, the arrangement of the solidified sand rivets in the sand-blocking belt includes a square arrangement, a staggered arrangement or a polygonal arrangement.

[0037] Furthermore, the intervals between the solidified sand rivets in the sand-blocking belt are 5 to 10 cm.

[0038] Furthermore, the width of the sand-blocking belt is 10 to 30 m.

[0039] Furthermore, the width of the buffer zone is 10 to 50 m.

[0040] The present invention discloses the following technical effects:

[0041] Compared with the desert highway sand damage prevention and control methods commonly used in the prior art (mechanical sand fixation, plant sand fixation and chemical sand fixation), the technology involved in the method of the present invention is more environmentally friendly, simpler to construct and more economical. Another type of biological induced calcium carbonate precipitation technology similar to the method of the present invention is microbial induced calcium carbonate precipitation (MICP). Compared with MICP, when soybean urease-induced calcium carbonate precipitation (SICP) is used to solidify sandy soil, the penetration depth of soybean urease in sandy soil with finer particles is greater than that of bacteria, and the solidification depth of SICP treatment is also greatly increased. Secondly, compared with MICP, the distribution of calcium carbonate in sandy soil after SICP treatment is relatively more uniform, the impact on the environment is smaller, the cost of obtaining soybean urease is lower, and the extraction process is simpler.

[0042] The process in which urea in the treatment solution of the present invention forms calcium carbonate precipitation with calcium chloride can improve soil structure. The calcium carbonate precipitation can make soil particles stick together, increase soil porosity, be beneficial to the respiration and growth of plant roots, and enhance the soil's anti-erosion ability, making the plant's growth environment more stable, being beneficial to plant growth, and producing a good consolidation effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0043] The drawings constituting a part of the present application are used to provide a further understanding of the present application. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions of the present application are used to explain the present application and do not constitute an improper limitation on the present application. In the drawings:

[0044] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of a combined sand control system for preventing and controlling sand burial and wind erosion of roadbed slopes in desert areas in an embodiment; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the calcium carbonate precipitation protective layer on the roadbed slope;

[0045] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of curing sand riveting;

[0046] Among them, the above-mentioned drawings include the following figure marks: 1-protective layer, 2-treatment liquid, 3-sand blocking belt, 4-solidified sand rivet, 5-buffer belt.

[0047] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the arrangement of solidified sand rivets in the sand barrier belt, where a is a square arrangement, b is a staggered arrangement, and c is a polygonal arrangement. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] Various exemplary embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail. This detailed description should not be considered as limiting the present invention, but should be understood as a more detailed description of certain aspects, features, and embodiments of the present invention.

[0049] It should be understood that the terms described in the present invention are only for describing a particular embodiment and are not intended to limit the present invention. In addition, for the numerical range in the present invention, it should be understood that each intermediate value between the upper and lower limits of the scope is also specifically disclosed. The intermediate value in any stated value or stated range, and each smaller range between any other stated value or intermediate value in the described range is also included in the present invention. The upper and lower limits of these smaller ranges can be independently included or excluded in the scope.

[0050] Unless otherwise indicated, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meanings as those generally understood by those skilled in the art. Although the present invention describes only preferred methods and materials, any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein may also be used in the implementation or testing of the present invention. All documents mentioned in this specification are incorporated by reference to disclose and describe the methods and / or materials associated with the documents. In the event of a conflict with any incorporated document, the content of this specification shall prevail.

[0051] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations may be made to the specific embodiments of the present invention description without departing from the scope or spirit of the present invention. Other embodiments derived from the present invention description will be apparent to those skilled in the art. The present invention description and examples are exemplary only.

[0052] The words “include,” “including,” “have,” “contain,” etc. used in this document are open-ended terms, meaning including but not limited to.

[0053] Unless otherwise specified, the "room temperature" or "normal temperature" in the specific embodiments of the present invention refers to 20-30°C.

[0054] In the specific embodiment of the present invention, the cured sand rivets are placed in a square arrangement, which should not be understood as a limitation on the technical solution of the present invention. When other arrangements are adopted, the same or similar technical effects can be achieved, such as staggered arrangement or polygonal arrangement.

[0055] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of a combined sand control system for preventing and controlling sand burial and wind erosion of roadbed slopes in desert areas in an embodiment;

[0056] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the calcium carbonate precipitation protective layer on the roadbed slope;

[0057] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of curing sand riveting;

[0058] Among them, Figure 1 The following figure marks are included: 1-protective layer, 2-treatment liquid, 3-sand blocking belt, 4-solidified sand rivets, 5-buffer belt, 6-roadbed, 7-sand particles, 8-calcium carbonate precipitation.

[0059] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the arrangement of solidified sand rivets in the sand barrier belt, where a is a square arrangement, b is a staggered arrangement, and c is a polygonal arrangement.

[0060] The invention comprises a calcium carbonate precipitation protection layer, a buffer zone between the roadbed and the sand-blocking zone, and a sand-blocking zone from near to far of the highway roadbed, wherein the sand-blocking zone is composed of solidified sand rivets arranged in a certain manner.

[0061] Example 1

[0062] A method for manufacturing a combined sand control system for preventing and controlling sand burial and wind erosion of roadbed slopes in desert areas, comprising the following steps:

[0063] S1, baking soybeans in an oven at 40°C for 6 hours, drying, crushing in a grinder, and passing through an 80-mesh sieve to obtain soybean powder;

[0064] S2. Mix soybean powder and water in a ratio of 40 g:1 L, stir evenly on a magnetic stirrer, let stand for 60 min, filter the upper clear liquid of the sample with a double-layer medical gauze and pour it into a centrifuge tube, centrifuge at 3000 rpm and 4°C for 15 min, and after centrifugation, filter out the insoluble substances in the supernatant with filter paper to obtain a urease solution;

[0065] S3, mixing the calcium chloride solution and the urea solution to obtain a junction cementing solution, and then mixing the cementing solution and the urease solution in an equal volume ratio to obtain a treatment solution; wherein the concentration of calcium chloride in the treatment solution is 0.25 mol / L, and the concentration of urea is 0.5 mol / L;

[0066] S4, the prepared treatment liquid is mixed with the desert aeolian sand evenly, and then the mixed sand sample is placed in a mold prepared in advance to form a sand cone shape, and a layer of polypropylene film is lined inside the mold to facilitate subsequent demolding. After curing for 7 days under 25°C environmental conditions, a solidified sand rivet is obtained; wherein, the amount of treatment liquid used is one times the volume of the voids in the desert aeolian sand, and the diameter of the solidified sand rivet is 10 cm and the height is 20 cm;

[0067] S5. Place solidified sand rivets (5 cm apart) in a square arrangement at a distance of 10 m from the roadbed slope to form a sand barrier (10 m wide);

[0068] S6. Clean the roadbed slope to be treated and use an electric sprayer to spray the treatment liquid at a rate of 1L / m 2 The amount of the agent was evenly sprayed on the slope, and the spraying was done twice, with an interval of 3 hours between adjacent treatments, to complete the preparation of a combined sand control system for preventing and controlling sand burial and wind erosion of roadbed slopes on highways in desert areas.

[0069] Example 2

[0070] A method for manufacturing a combined sand control system for preventing and controlling sand burial and wind erosion of roadbed slopes in desert areas, comprising the following steps:

[0071] S1, baking soybeans in an oven at 40°C for 6 hours, drying, crushing in a grinder, and passing through an 80-mesh sieve to obtain soybean powder;

[0072] S2. Mix soybean powder and water in a ratio of 70 g:1 L, stir evenly on a magnetic stirrer, let stand for 60 min, filter the upper clear liquid of the sample with a double-layer medical gauze and pour it into a centrifuge tube, centrifuge at 3000 rpm and 4°C for 15 min, and after centrifugation, filter out the insoluble substances in the supernatant with filter paper to obtain a urease solution;

[0073] S3, mixing the calcium chloride solution and the urea solution to obtain a handover cementing solution, and then mixing the cementing solution and the urease solution in an equal volume ratio to obtain a treatment solution; wherein the concentration of calcium chloride in the treatment solution is 1 mol / L, and the concentration of urea is 1.5 mol / L;

[0074] S4, the prepared treatment liquid is mixed with the desert aeolian sand evenly, and then the mixed sand sample is placed in a mold prepared in advance to form a sand cone shape, and a layer of polypropylene film is lined inside the mold to facilitate subsequent demolding. After curing for 7 days under 25°C environmental conditions, a solidified sand rivet is obtained; wherein, the amount of treatment liquid used is one times the volume of the voids of the desert aeolian sand, and the diameter of the solidified sand rivet is 15 cm and the height is 25 cm;

[0075] S5. Place solidified sand rivets (7.5 cm apart) in a square arrangement at 30 m away from the roadbed slope to form a sand barrier (20 m wide);

[0076] S6. Clean the roadbed slope to be treated and use an electric sprayer to spray the treatment liquid at a rate of 2L / m 2 The amount of the agent was evenly sprayed on the slope for 3 times, with an interval of 3 hours between adjacent treatments to complete the preparation of a combined sand control system for preventing and controlling sand burial and wind erosion of roadbed slopes on highways in desert areas.

[0077] Example 3

[0078] A method for manufacturing a combined sand control system for preventing and controlling sand burial and wind erosion of roadbed slopes in desert areas, comprising the following steps:

[0079] S1, baking soybeans in an oven at 40°C for 6 hours, drying, crushing in a grinder, and passing through an 80-mesh sieve to obtain soybean powder;

[0080] S2. Mix soybean powder and water in a ratio of 100 g:1 L, stir evenly on a magnetic stirrer, let stand for 60 min, filter the upper clear liquid of the sample with a double-layer medical gauze and pour it into a centrifuge tube, centrifuge at 3000 rpm and 4°C for 15 min, and after centrifugation, filter out the insoluble substances in the supernatant with filter paper to obtain a urease solution;

[0081] S3, mixing the calcium chloride solution and the urea solution to obtain a junction cementing solution, and then mixing the cementing solution and the urease solution in an equal volume ratio to obtain a treatment solution; wherein the concentration of calcium chloride in the treatment solution is 3 mol / L, and the concentration of urea is 3 mol / L;

[0082] S4, the prepared treatment liquid is mixed with the desert aeolian sand evenly, and then the mixed sand sample is placed in a mold prepared in advance to form a sand cone shape, and a layer of polypropylene film is lined inside the mold to facilitate subsequent demolding. After curing for 7 days under 25°C environmental conditions, a solidified sand rivet is obtained; wherein, the amount of treatment liquid used is one times the volume of the voids of the desert aeolian sand, and the diameter of the solidified sand rivet is 20 cm and the height is 30 cm;

[0083] S5. Place solidified sand rivets in a square arrangement (10 cm apart) at a distance of 50 m from the roadbed slope to form a sand barrier (30 m wide);

[0084] S6. Clean the roadbed slope to be treated and use an electric sprayer to spray the treatment liquid at 4L / m 2 The amount of the agent was evenly sprayed on the slope for 4 times, with an interval of 3 hours between adjacent treatments to complete the preparation of a combined sand control system for preventing and controlling sand burial and wind erosion of roadbed slopes on highways in desert areas.

[0085] The proportion setting of various parameters in the technical solution of the present invention can be adjusted according to actual conditions to adapt to different degrees of wind and sand damage (such as the width of the sand barrier). The above three embodiments are only exemplary descriptions. When processed within the method defined by the present invention, they can all have a certain effect of preventing and controlling wind and sand damage.

[0086] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referenced to each other.

[0087] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables one skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent to one skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but rather to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A combined sand control system for preventing and controlling sand burial and wind erosion of roadbed slopes in desert areas, characterized in that: Including the formation of a solidified calcium carbonate precipitation protective layer on the roadbed slope of the highway in the desert area and the sand blocking belts set on both sides of the roadbed slope; A buffer zone is provided between the sand-blocking zone and the roadbed; The sand blocking belt is provided with solidified sand rivets.

2. A method for manufacturing the combined sand control system according to claim 1, characterized in that the steps include: Prepare treatment fluid; Using the treatment liquid to treat the roadbed slope of a highway in a desert area to form a protective layer; Using the treatment liquid to prepare solidified sand rivets, arranging the solidified sand rivets on both sides of the roadbed slope to form a sand barrier; The treatment liquid consists of urea, calcium chloride and urease solution.

3. The manufacturing method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The concentration of urea in the treatment liquid is 0.1 to 3 mol / L; and / or, The concentration of calcium chloride in the treatment solution is 0.1-3 mol / L.

4. The manufacturing method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The concentration ratio of urea to calcium chloride in the treatment solution is 1 to 2:

1.

5. The manufacturing method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The preparation steps of the urease solution include: The soybeans were crushed and passed through an 80-mesh sieve to obtain soybean powder; The soybean powder and water are prepared into a soybean powder solution in a ratio of 10-100 g:1 L, stirred evenly, allowed to stand, and the supernatant is taken. The supernatant is centrifuged to remove insoluble matter to obtain the urease solution.

6. The manufacturing method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The centrifugal speed is 3000 rpm, the time is 15 min, and the temperature is 4°C.

7. The manufacturing method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The step of using the treatment liquid to treat the roadbed slope of a highway in a desert area to form a protective layer comprises: The treatment liquid is sprayed on the roadbed slope 1 to 4 times, with a spraying interval of 3 hours and a spraying amount of 1 to 4 L / m 2 .

8. The manufacturing method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The step of preparing solidified sand rivets using the treatment liquid comprises: The wind-blown sand and soil on both sides of the highway are collected and mixed with the treatment liquid, and then piled into a nail rivet shape, and the solidified sand rivets are obtained after curing for 7 days.

9. The manufacturing method according to claim 8, characterized in that: The diameter of the solidified sand rivet is 10 to 20 cm and the height is 20 to 30 cm; and / or, The amount of the treatment liquid used is 1 times the volume of the voids in the sandy soil.

10. The manufacturing method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The arrangement of the solidified sand rivets in the sand blocking belt includes a square arrangement, a staggered arrangement or a polygonal arrangement; and / or, The intervals between the solidified sand rivets in the sand blocking belt are 5 to 10 cm; and / or, The width of the buffer zone is 10 to 50 m.

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