Method for transmitting uplink signal, user equipment, processing device, storage medium, method for receiving uplink signal, and base station

Abstract

The BS may provide a configuration with respect to multiple random access channel occasion (RO) groups. The UE may: determine one of the plurality of RO groups as an RO group for PRACH transmission based on a maximum transmission power of the UE and an RSRP that has been measured based on a downlink reference signal; determining one of the ROs within the determined group of ROs; and performing a PRACH transmission within the determined RO.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a wireless communication system. Background Art

[0002] Various technologies such as machine-to-machine (M2M) communication, machine-type communication (MTC), and various devices requiring high data throughput (e.g., smart phones and tablet personal computers (PCs)) have emerged and become popular. Therefore, the data throughput required to be processed in cellular networks has increased rapidly. In order to meet this rapidly increasing data throughput, carrier aggregation technology or cognitive radio technology for effectively using more frequency bands and multiple input multiple output (MIMO) technology or multiple base station (BS) cooperation technology for increasing the data capacity transmitted on limited frequency resources have been developed.

[0003] As more and more communication devices require greater communication capacity, enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB) communication is needed relative to traditional radio access technology (RAT). In addition, massive machine type communication (mMTC), which provides various services anytime and anywhere by connecting multiple devices and objects to each other, is a major issue to be considered in next-generation communications.

[0004] Discussions are also underway to design communication systems that take into account services / user equipment (UE) that are sensitive to reliability and latency. Discussions are also underway to introduce next generation RATs that take into account eMBB communications, mMTC, ultra-reliable low latency communications (URLLC), etc. Summary of the invention

[0005] Technical issues

[0006] One object of the present disclosure is to provide a method and process for controlling or determining a transmission power suitable for a non-terrestrial network (NTN) service.

[0007] Another object of the present disclosure is to provide a method and process for controlling or determining transmission power by considering a maximum transmission power of a User Equipment (UE).

[0008] The objects to be achieved by using the present disclosure are not limited to those specifically described above, and other objects not described herein will be more clearly understood by those skilled in the art from the following detailed description.

[0009] Technical Solution

[0010] In one aspect of the present disclosure, a method for transmitting an uplink signal by a user equipment (UE) in a wireless communication system is provided herein. The method includes the following steps: receiving a configuration related to a plurality of random access channel opportunity (RO) groups; determining one RO group among the plurality of RO groups as an RO group for physical random access channel (PRACH) transmission based on a maximum transmission power of the UE and a reference signal received power (RSRP) measured based on a downlink reference signal; determining one RO among the ROs in the determined RO group; determining a transmission power for PRACH transmission; and performing PRACH transmission during the determined RO at the transmission power.

[0011] In another aspect of the present disclosure, a UE configured to send an uplink signal in a wireless communication system is provided herein. The UE includes: at least one transceiver; at least one processor; and at least one computer memory, which is operatively connected to the at least one processor and stores instructions, which, when executed, cause the at least one processor to perform operations. The operations may include: receiving a configuration related to a plurality of RO groups; determining one RO group among the plurality of RO groups as an RO group for PRACH transmission based on the maximum transmission power of the UE and RSRP measured based on a downlink reference signal; determining one RO among the ROs in the determined RO group; determining a transmission power for PRACH transmission; and performing PRACH transmission during the determined RO at the transmission power.

[0012] In another aspect of the present disclosure, a processing device is provided herein. The processing device includes: at least one processor; and at least one computer memory, which is operatively connected to the at least one processor and stores instructions, which, when executed, cause the at least one processor to perform operations. The operations may include: receiving a configuration related to a plurality of RO groups; determining one RO group among the plurality of RO groups as an RO group for PRACH transmission based on the maximum transmission power of the UE and the RSRP measured based on the downlink reference signal; determining one RO among the ROs in the determined RO group; determining the transmission power for PRACH transmission; and performing PRACH transmission during the determined RO at the transmission power.

[0013] In another aspect of the present disclosure, a computer-readable storage medium is provided herein, which is configured to store at least one program code including instructions, which, when executed, cause at least one processor to perform operations. The operations may include: receiving configurations related to multiple RO groups; determining one RO group among the multiple RO groups as an RO group for PRACH transmission based on the maximum transmission power of the UE and RSRP measured based on a downlink reference signal; determining one RO among the ROs in the determined RO group; determining a transmission power for PRACH transmission; and performing PRACH transmission during the determined RO at the transmission power.

[0014] In another aspect of the present disclosure, a method for receiving an uplink signal from a UE by a base station (BS) in a wireless communication system is provided herein. The method may include the following steps: sending a configuration related to a plurality of RO groups; attempting to receive a PRACH in a random access procedure at the RO; and sending a random access response to the PRACH based on receiving the PRACH at the RO.

[0015] In another aspect of the present disclosure, a BS configured to receive an uplink signal from a UE in a wireless communication system is provided herein. The BS includes: at least one transceiver; at least one processor; and at least one computer memory, which is operatively connected to the at least one processor and stores instructions, which when executed cause the at least one processor to perform operations. The operations may include: sending a configuration related to a plurality of RO groups; attempting to receive a PRACH in a random access procedure at the RO; and sending a random access response to the PRACH based on receiving the PRACH at the RO.

[0016] In various aspects of the present disclosure, based on the maximum transmission power of the UE being lower than or equal to the power threshold or the measured RSRP being lower than or equal to the RSRP threshold, the second RO group may be determined as the RO group for PRACH transmission.

[0017] In various aspects of the present disclosure, information regarding a power threshold may be provided to a UE.

[0018] In various aspects of the present disclosure, information regarding the RSRP threshold may be provided to the UE.

[0019] In various aspects of the present disclosure, information about preambleReceivedTargetPower values ​​for multiple RO groups may be provided to a UE.

[0020] In various aspects of the present disclosure, the transmission power for PRACH transmission may be determined based on the preambleReceivedTargetPower value for the determined RO group.

[0021] In various aspects of the present disclosure, determining an RO group for PRACH transmission may include: adjusting the measured RSRP based on a reception time T1 of a downlink reference signal and T2 of the determined RO to determine an adjusted RSRP; and determining the RO group for PRACH transmission based on a maximum transmission power of the UE and the adjusted RSRP.

[0022] In various aspects of the present disclosure, ephemeris information may be provided to a UE.

[0023] In various aspects of the present disclosure, the adjusted RSRP may be determined by adding the measured RSRP to the DELTA_RSRP. The DELTA_RSRP may be determined by DELTA_RSRP = α * (displacement / distance) = α * [sqrt {(positionX + (T2-T1) * velocityVX) 2 +(positionY+(T2-T1)*velocityVY) 2 +(positionZ+(T2-T1)*ve locityVZ) 2}-sqrt{positionX 2 +positionY 2 +positionZ 2}] / sqrt{positionX 2 +positionY 2 +positionZ 2}, where sqrt{·} is the square root of {·}, α is a predetermined constant, and positionX, positionY, positionZ, velocityVX, velocityVY, and velocityVZ are values ​​determined from the ephemeris information.

[0024] In various aspects of the present disclosure, information about α may be provided to the UE.

[0025] The above solutions are only some examples of the present disclosure, and those skilled in the art can deduce and understand various examples into which the technical features of the present disclosure are incorporated from the following detailed description.

[0026] Beneficial Effects

[0027] According to implementations of the present disclosure, methods and processes for controlling or determining transmission power suitable for non-terrestrial network (NTN) services may be provided.

[0028] According to some implementations of the present disclosure, a method and process for controlling or determining transmission power by considering a maximum transmission power of a user equipment (UE) may be provided.

[0029] Effects according to the present disclosure are not limited to those specifically described above, and other effects not described herein will be more clearly understood by those skilled in the art to which the present disclosure relates from the following detailed description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the present disclosure, and illustrate examples of implementations of the present disclosure and together with the detailed description serve to explain the implementations of the present disclosure:

[0031] Figure 1 An example of a communication system 1 to which an implementation of the present disclosure is applied is shown;

[0032] Figure 2 is a block diagram illustrating an example of a communication device capable of executing the method according to the present disclosure;

[0033] Figure 3 Another example of a wireless device capable of performing implementations of the present disclosure is shown;

[0034] Figure 4 An example of a frame structure used in a wireless communication system based on the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) is shown;

[0035] Figure 5 a resource grid showing time slots;

[0036] Figure 6 Showing physical channels in a 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP)-based communication system as an exemplary wireless communication system and a signal transmission / reception process using the physical channels;

[0037] Figure 7 Shows the system information (SI) acquisition process;

[0038] Figure 8 shows initial network access and subsequent communication processing;

[0039] Fig. 9 An example of physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) time domain resource allocation through a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) and an example of physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) time domain resource allocation through a PDCCH are shown;

[0040] Fig.10 A non-terrestrial network (NTN) is shown;

[0041] Fig.11 Shows the cell types supported by the satellite;

[0042] Fig.12 Shows the position estimate format (ephemeris format) based on orbital parameters;

[0043] Fig.13 A flow chart showing uplink (UL) signal transmission of a user equipment according to some implementations of the present disclosure; and

[0044] Fig.14 A flow of UL signal reception of a base station (BS) according to some implementations of the present disclosure is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] Hereinafter, implementations according to the present disclosure will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The detailed description given below with reference to the accompanying drawings is intended to illustrate exemplary implementations of the present disclosure, rather than to show the only implementations that can be implemented according to the present disclosure. The following detailed description includes specific details in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present disclosure. However, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present disclosure can be practiced without these specific details.

[0046] In the present disclosure, “ / ” may indicate that all contents separated by “ / ” (and) are included or only some contents separated by “ / ” (or) are included.

[0047] In some cases, known structures and devices may be omitted or may be shown in block diagram form, thereby focusing on important features of the structures and devices so as not to obscure the concepts of the present disclosure. The same reference numerals will be used throughout the present disclosure to refer to the same or similar parts.

[0048] The following techniques, devices and systems can be applied to various wireless multiple access systems. For example, multiple access systems may include code division multiple access (CDMA) systems, frequency division multiple access (FDMA) systems, time division multiple access (TDMA) systems, orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) systems, single carrier frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA) systems, multi-carrier frequency division multiple access (MC-FDMA) systems, etc. CDMA can be implemented by radio technologies such as Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (UTRA) or CDMA2000. TDMA can be implemented by radio technologies such as Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM), General Packet Radio Service (GPRS), Enhanced Data Rate for GSM Evolution (EDGE) (i.e., GERAN), etc. OFDMA can be specifically implemented by radio technologies such as Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11 (Wi-Fi), IEEE802.16 (WiMAX), IEEE 802.20, Evolved UTRA (E-UTRA), etc. UTRA is part of Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS), and 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) Long Term Evolution (LTE) is part of E-UMTS using E-UTRA. 3GPP LTE adopts OFDMA on downlink (DL) and SC-FDMA on uplink (UL). LTE-advanced (LTE-A) is an evolved version of 3GPP LTE.

[0049] For the convenience of description, the description will be given under the assumption that the present disclosure is applied to LTE and / or new RAT (NR). However, the technical features of the present disclosure are not limited thereto. For example, although the following detailed description is given based on a mobile communication system corresponding to a 3GPP LTE / NR system, the mobile communication system is applicable to any other mobile communication system except for matters specific to the 3GPP LTE / NR system.

[0050] For terms and techniques used in the present disclosure that are not described in detail, reference may be made to standard specifications based on 3GPP (for example, 3GPP TS 36.211, 3GPP TS 36.212, 3GPP TS 36.213, 3GPP TS 36.321, 3GPP TS 36.300, 3GPP TS 36.331, 3GPP TS 37.213, 3GPP TS 38.211, 3GPP TS 38.212, 3GPP TS 38.213, 3GPP TS 38.214, 3GPP TS 38.300, 3GPP TS 38.304, 3GPP TS 38.331, etc.).

[0051] In an example of the present disclosure described later, if a device "assumes" something, this may mean that a channel transmission entity transmits a channel in accordance with the corresponding "assumption". This may also mean that a channel reception entity receives or decodes a channel in a form that conforms to the "assumption" under the premise that the channel is transmitted in accordance with the "assumption".

[0052] In the present disclosure, a user equipment (UE) may be fixed or mobile. Each of the various devices that transmit and / or receive user data and / or control information by communicating with a base station (BS) may be a UE. The term UE may be referred to as a terminal device, a mobile station (MS), a mobile terminal (MT), a user terminal (UT), a subscriber station (SS), a wireless device, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a wireless modem, a handheld device, etc. In the present disclosure, a BS refers to a fixed station that communicates with a UE and / or another BS and exchanges data and control information with the UE and another BS. The term BS may be referred to as an advanced base station (ABS), a node B (NB), an evolved node B (eNB), a base transceiver system (BTS), an access point (AP), a processing server (PS), etc. Specifically, a BS of a universal terrestrial radio access (UTRAN) is referred to as an NB, a BS of an evolved UTRAN (E-UTRAN) is referred to as an eNB, and a BS of a new radio access technology network is referred to as a gNB. In the following, for the convenience of description, NB, eNB or gNB will be referred to as a BS regardless of the type or version of the communication technology.

[0053] In the present disclosure, a node refers to a fixed point that can send / receive a radio signal to / from a UE by communicating with the UE. Regardless of its name, various types of BSs can be used as nodes. For example, a BS, NB, eNB, picocell eNB (PeNB), home eNB (HeNB), repeater, transponder, etc. can be a node. In addition, a node may not be a BS. For example, a radio remote head (RRH) or a radio remote unit (RRU) can be a node. Typically, RRH and RRU have a power level lower than that of the BS. Since the RRH or RRU (hereinafter, RRH / RRU) is usually connected to the BS via a dedicated line such as an optical cable, the collaborative communication according to the RRH / RRU and the BS can be smoothly performed compared to the collaborative communication according to the BS connected via a wireless link. At least one antenna is installed per node. The antenna may refer to a physical antenna port or to a virtual antenna or an antenna group. A node may also be referred to as a point.

[0054] In the present disclosure, a cell refers to a specific geographical area where one or more nodes provide communication services. Therefore, in the present disclosure, communication with a specific cell may mean communication with a BS or node that provides communication services to a specific cell. The DL / UL signal of a specific cell refers to the DL / UL signal from / to the BS or node that provides communication services to the specific cell. A cell that provides UL / DL communication services to a UE is particularly referred to as a service cell. In addition, the channel state / quality of a specific cell refers to the channel state / quality of a channel or communication link generated between a BS or node that provides communication services to a specific cell and the UE. In a 3GPP-based communication system, a UE can use a CRS sent on a cell-specific reference signal (CRS) resource and / or a CSI-RS sent on a channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) resource (allocated to a specific node by an antenna port of a specific node) to measure the DL channel state from a specific node.

[0055] The 3GPP-based communication system uses the concept of a cell in order to manage radio resources, and distinguishes a cell related to radio resources from a cell of a geographical area.

[0056] A "cell" of a geographic area may be understood as a coverage area in which a node can use a carrier to provide services, and a "cell" of radio resources is associated with a bandwidth (BW) which is a frequency range configured by a carrier. Since the DL coverage (the range in which a node can send a valid signal) and the UL coverage (the range in which a node can receive a valid signal from a UE) depend on the carrier that carries the signal, the coverage of a node may also be associated with the coverage of a "cell" of radio resources used by the node. Therefore, the term "cell" may be used to indicate the service coverage of a node at times, to indicate a radio resource at other times, or to indicate a range that a signal using a radio resource can reach with effective strength at other times.

[0057] In the 3GPP communication standard, the concept of a cell is used to manage radio resources. A "cell" associated with a radio resource is defined by a combination of DL resources and UL resources (i.e., a combination of DL component carriers (CCs) and UL CCs). A cell may be configured only by DL resources, or by a combination of DL resources and UL resources. If carrier aggregation is supported, the link between the carrier frequency of a DL resource (or DL ​​CC) and the carrier frequency of a UL resource (or UL CC) may be indicated by system information. For example, the combination of DL resources and UL resources may be indicated by a system information block type 2 (SIB2) link. In this case, the carrier frequency may be equal to or different from the center frequency of each cell or CC. When carrier aggregation (CA) is configured, the UE has only one radio resource control (RRC) connection with the network. During RRC connection establishment / reestablishment / handover, one serving cell provides non-access layer (NAS) mobility information. During RRC connection reestablishment / handover, one serving cell provides security input. The cell is called a primary cell (Pcell). Pcell refers to a cell operating on the primary frequency where the UE performs an initial connection establishment process or initiates a connection reestablishment process. According to the UE capabilities, the secondary cell (Scell) can be configured to form a set of serving cells together with the Pcell. The Scell ​​can be configured after the RRC connection establishment is completed and is used to provide additional radio resources in addition to the resources of the specific cell (SpCell). The carrier corresponding to the Pcell on the DL is called the downlink primary CC (DL PCC), and the carrier corresponding to the Pcell on the UL is called the uplink primary CC (UL PCC). The carrier corresponding to the Scell ​​on the DL is called the downlink secondary CC (DL SCC), and the carrier corresponding to the Scell ​​on the UL is called the uplink secondary CC (UL SCC).

[0058] In dual connectivity (DC) operation, the term special cell (SpCell) refers to a Pcell of a primary cell group (MCG) or a primary secondary cell (Pcell) of a secondary cell group (SCG). SpCell supports PUCCH transmission and contention-based random access and is always enabled. MCG is a group of service cells associated with a master node (e.g., BS) and includes SpCell (Pcell) and optionally one or more Scells. For a UE configured with DC, SCG is a subset of the service cells associated with the secondary node and includes PSCell and 0 or more Scells. PSCell is the primary Scell ​​of the SCG. For a UE in RRC_CONNECTED state that is not configured with CA or DC, there is only one service cell that includes only Pcell. For a UE in RRC_CONNECTED state that is configured with CA or DC, the term service cell refers to a set of cells including SpCell and all Scells. In DC, two medium access control (MAC) entities are configured for the UE, i.e., one MAC entity for MCG and one MAC entity for SCG.

[0059] For a UE configured with CA but not configured with DC, a Pcell PUCCH group (also referred to as a primary PUCCH group) including a Pcell and 0 or more Scells and a Scell ​​PUCCH group (also referred to as a secondary PUCCH group) including only Scells may be configured. For an Scell, a Scell ​​(hereinafter, PUCCH Scell) that transmits a PUCCH associated with a corresponding cell may be configured. The Scell ​​indicating that the PUCCH Scell ​​belongs to the Scell ​​PUCCH group (i.e., the secondary PUCCH group) and performs PUCCH transmission of related uplink control information (UCI) on the PUCCH Scell. If the PUCCH Scell ​​is not indicated for the Scell ​​or the cell indicating that the PUCCH transmission for the Scell ​​is the Pcell, the Scell ​​belongs to the Pcell PUCCH group (i.e., the primary PUCCH group) and performs PUCCH transmission of related UCI on the Pcell. In the following, if the UE is configured with an SCG and some implementations of the present disclosure related to PUCCH are applied to the SCG, the primary cell may refer to the PSCell of the SCG. If the UE is configured with a PUCCH Scell ​​and some implementations of the present disclosure related to PUCCH are applied to a secondary PUCCH group, the primary cell may refer to a PUCCH Scell ​​of the secondary PUCCH group.

[0060] In a wireless communication system, a UE receives information from a BS on DL, and a UE transmits information to a BS on UL. The information transmitted and / or received by the BS and the UE includes data and various control information, and there are various physical channels according to the type / purpose of the information transmitted and / or received by the UE and the BS.

[0061] The communication standards based on 3GPP define DL physical channels corresponding to resource elements carrying information from high layers and DL physical signals corresponding to resource elements used by the physical layer but not carrying information from high layers. For example, physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH), physical broadcast channel (PBCH), physical multicast channel (PMCH), physical control format indicator channel (PCFICH), physical downlink control channel (PDCCH), etc. are defined as DL physical channels, and reference signals (RS) and synchronization signals are defined as DL physical signals. RS (also called pilot) represents a signal with a predefined special waveform known to both BS and UE. For example, demodulation reference signal (DMRS), channel state information RS (CSI-RS), positioning reference signal (PRS), etc. are defined as DL RS. The communication standards based on 3GPP define UL physical channels corresponding to resource elements carrying information from high layers and UL physical signals corresponding to resource elements used by the physical layer but not carrying information from high layers. For example, a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH), a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH), and a physical random access channel (PRACH) are defined as UL physical channels, and a DMRS for UL control / data signals, a sounding reference signal (SRS) for UL channel measurement, etc. are defined.

[0062] In the present disclosure, PDCCH refers to a set of time-frequency resources (e.g., resource elements (REs)) carrying downlink control information (DCI), and PDSCH refers to a set of time-frequency resources carrying DL data. PUCCH, PUSCH, and PRACH refer to a set of time-frequency resources carrying UCI, a set of time-frequency resources carrying UL data, and a set of time-frequency resources carrying random access signals, respectively. In the following description, "UE sends / receives PUCCH / PUSCH / PRACH" is used as the same meaning as the UE sends / receives UCI / UL data / random access signals on PUCCH / PUSCH / PRACH or through PUSCH / PUCCH / PRACH, respectively. In addition, "BS sends / receives PBCH / PDCCH / PDSCH" is used as the same meaning as the BS sends broadcast information / DCI / DL data on PBCH / PDCCH / PDSCH or through PBCH / PDCCH / PDSCH, respectively.

[0063] In the present specification, radio resources (eg, time-frequency resources) scheduled or configured by a BS for a UE to transmit or receive a PUCCH / PUSCH / PDSCH may be referred to as PUCCH / PUSCH / PDSCH resources.

[0064] Since the communication device receives a synchronization signal (SS), DMRS, CSI-RS, PRS, PBCH, PDCCH, PDSCH, PUSCH and / or PUCCH in the form of a radio signal on a cell, the communication device may not select and receive a radio signal including only a specific physical channel or a specific physical signal through a radio frequency (RF) receiver, or may not select and receive a radio signal without a specific physical channel or a specific physical signal through an RF receiver. In actual operation, the communication device receives a radio signal on a cell via an RF receiver, converts the radio signal as an RF band signal into a baseband signal, and then uses one or more processors to decode the physical signal and / or physical channel in the baseband signal. Therefore, in some implementations of the present disclosure, not receiving a physical signal and / or a physical channel may mean that the communication device does not attempt to recover the physical signal and / or the physical channel from the radio signal, for example, does not attempt to decode the physical signal and / or the physical channel, rather than the non-communication device actually receiving a radio signal including the corresponding physical signal and / or the physical channel.

[0065] As more and more communication devices require greater communication capacity, eMBB communication relative to traditional radio access technology (RAT) is needed. In addition, large-scale MTC, which provides various services anytime and anywhere by connecting multiple devices and objects to each other, is a major issue to be considered in the next generation of communications. In addition, the design of communication systems that take into account services / UEs that are sensitive to reliability and delay is also being discussed. Considering eMBB communication, large-scale MTC, ultra-reliable low-latency communication (URLLC), etc., the introduction of the next generation RAT is being discussed. Currently, in 3GPP, research on the next generation mobile communication system after EPC is underway. In this disclosure, for convenience, the corresponding technology is referred to as a new RAT (NR) or a fifth generation (5G) RAT, and a system using NR or supporting NR is referred to as an NR system.

[0066] Figure 1 An example of a communication system 1 to which an implementation of the present disclosure is applied is shown. Figure 1, the communication system 1 applied to the present disclosure includes a wireless device, a BS, and a network. Here, the wireless device refers to a device that performs communication using a RAT (e.g., 5G NR or LTE (e.g., E-UTRA)), and may be referred to as a communication / radio / 5G device. The wireless device may include (but is not limited to) a robot 100a, a vehicle 100b-1 and 100b-2, an extended reality (XR) device 100c, a handheld device 100d, a home appliance 100e, an Internet of Things (IoT) device 100f, and an artificial intelligence (AI) device / server 400. For example, a vehicle may include a vehicle with a wireless communication function, an autonomous driving vehicle, and a vehicle capable of performing vehicle-to-vehicle communication. Here, a vehicle may include an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) (e.g., a drone). The XR device may include an augmented reality (AR) / virtual reality (VR) / mixed reality (MR) device, and may be implemented in the form of a head-mounted device (HMD), a head-up display (HUD) installed in a vehicle, a television, a smart phone, a computer, a wearable device, a home appliance device, a digital signage, a vehicle, a robot, and the like. Handheld devices may include smart phones, smart boards, wearable devices (e.g., smart watches or smart glasses), and computers (e.g., notebooks). Home appliances may include TVs, refrigerators, and washing machines. IoT devices may include sensors and smart meters. For example, BSs and networks may also be implemented as wireless devices, and a specific wireless device may operate as a BS / network node relative to another wireless device.

[0067] The wireless devices 100a to 100f may be connected to the network 300 via the BS 200. The AI ​​technology may be applied to the wireless devices 100a to 100f, and the wireless devices 100a to 100f may be connected to the AI ​​server 400 via the network 300. The network 300 may be configured using a 3G network, a 4G (e.g., LTE) network, or a 5G (e.g., NR) network. Although the wireless devices 100a to 100f may communicate with each other via the BS 200 / network 300, the wireless devices 100a to 100f may perform direct communication (e.g., side link communication) with each other without passing through the BS / network. For example, vehicles 100b-1 and 100b-2 may perform direct communication (e.g., vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) / vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication). An IoT device (e.g., a sensor) may perform direct communication with other IoT devices (e.g., a sensor) or other wireless devices 100a to 100f.

[0068] Wireless communication / connection 150a and 150b may be established between wireless devices 100a to 100f and BS200, and between wireless devices 100a to 100f. Here, wireless communication / connection such as UL / DL communication 150a and sidelink communication 150b (or device-to-device (D2D) communication) may be established through various RATs (e.g., 5G NR). The wireless device and the BS / wireless device may send / receive radio signals to / from each other through wireless communication / connection 150a and 150b. To this end, various configuration information configuration processes for sending / receiving radio signals, various signal processing processes (e.g., channel coding / decoding, modulation / demodulation, and resource mapping / demapping), and at least a portion of a resource allocation process may be performed based on various proposals of the present disclosure.

[0069] Figure 2 is a block diagram showing an example of a communication device capable of executing the method according to the present disclosure. Figure 2 , the first wireless device 100 and the second wireless device 200 may transmit and / or receive radio signals through various RATs (e.g., LTE and NR). Here, {the first wireless device 100 and the second wireless device 200} may correspond to Figure 1 {wireless device 100x and BS 200} and / or {wireless device 100x and wireless device 100x}.

[0070] The first wireless device 100 may include one or more processors 102 and one or more memories 104, and further include one or more transceivers 106 and / or one or more antennas 108. The processor 102 may control the memory 104 and / or the transceiver 106, and may be configured to implement the functions, processes and / or methods described / proposed below. For example, the processor 102 may process the information in the memory 104 to generate first information / signal, and then transmit a radio signal including the first information / signal through the transceiver 106. The processor 102 may receive a radio signal including second information / signal through the transceiver 106, and then store information obtained by processing the second information / signal in the memory 104. The memory 104 may be connected to the processor 102, and may store various information related to the operation of the processor 102. For example, the memory 104 may execute part or all of the processes controlled by the processor 102 or store software codes including commands for executing the processes and / or methods described / proposed below. Here, the processor 102 and the memory 104 may be part of a communication modem / circuit / chip designed to implement a RAT (e.g., LTE or NR). The transceiver 106 may be connected to the processor 102 and transmit and / or receive radio signals through one or more antennas 108. Each transceiver 106 may include a transmitter and / or a receiver. The transceiver 106 may be used interchangeably with a radio frequency (RF) unit. In the present disclosure, a wireless device may represent a communication modem / circuit / chip.

[0071] The second wireless device 200 may include one or more processors 202 and one or more memories 204, and further include one or more transceivers 206 and / or one or more antennas 208. The processor 202 may control the memory 204 and / or the transceiver 206, and may be configured to implement the functions, processes and / or methods described / proposed below. For example, the processor 202 may process the information in the memory 204 to generate third information / signals, and then transmit a radio signal including the third information / signals through the transceiver 206. The processor 202 may receive a radio signal including fourth information / signals through the transceiver 206, and then store information obtained by processing the fourth information / signals in the memory 204. The memory 204 may be connected to the processor 202, and may store various information related to the operation of the processor 202. For example, the memory 204 may execute part or all of the processes controlled by the processor 202 or store software codes including commands for executing the processes and / or methods described / proposed below. Here, the processor 202 and the memory 204 may be part of a communication modem / circuit / chip designed to implement a RAT (e.g., LTE or NR). The transceiver 206 may be connected to the processor 202 and transmit and / or receive radio signals through one or more antennas 208. Each transceiver 206 may include a transmitter and / or a receiver. The transceiver 206 may be used interchangeably with an RF unit. In the present disclosure, a wireless device may represent a communication modem / circuit / chip.

[0072] The wireless communication technology implemented in the wireless devices 100 and 200 of the present disclosure may include narrowband Internet of Things for low-power communication as well as LTE, NR and 6G. For example, NB-IoT technology may be an example of low-power wide area network (LPWAN) technology and is implemented in standards such as LTE Cat NB1 and / or LTE Cat NB2. However, NB-IoT technology is not limited to the above names. Additionally or alternatively, the wireless communication technology implemented in the wireless devices XXX and YYY of the present disclosure may perform communication based on LTE-M technology. For example, LTE-M technology may be an example of LPWAN technology and is referred to as various names including enhanced machine type communication (eMTC). For example, LTE-M technology may be implemented in accordance with at least one of the following various standards: 1) LTE CAT 0, 2) LTE Cat M1, 3) LTE Cat M2, 4) LTE non-bandwidth limited (non-BL), 5) LTE-MTC, 6) LTE machine type communication and / or 7) LTE M, etc., but LTE-M technology is not limited to the above names. Additionally or alternatively, in consideration of low power communication, the wireless communication technology implemented in the wireless devices XXX and YYY of the present disclosure may include at least one of ZigBee, Bluetooth, and LPWAN, but the wireless communication technology is not limited to the above names. For example, ZigBee technology may be based on various standards such as IEEE 802.15.4 to create a personal area network (PAN) related to small / low power digital communication, and ZigBee technology may be referred to as various names.

[0073] Hereinafter, the hardware elements of the wireless devices 100 and 200 will be described in more detail. One or more protocol layers may be implemented by (but not limited to) one or more processors 102 and 202. For example, one or more processors 102 and 202 may implement one or more layers (e.g., functional layers such as a physical (PHY) layer, a medium access control (MAC) layer, a radio link control (RLC) layer, a packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) layer, a radio resource control (RRC) layer, and a service data adaptation protocol (SDAP) layer). One or more processors 102 and 202 may generate one or more protocol data units (PDUs) and / or one or more service data units (SDUs) according to the functions, procedures, proposals, and / or methods disclosed in the present disclosure. One or more processors 102 and 202 may generate messages, control information, data, or information according to the functions, procedures, proposals, and / or methods disclosed in the present disclosure. One or more processors 102 and 202 may generate a signal (e.g., a baseband signal) including a PDU, an SDU, a message, control information, data, or information according to the functions, procedures, proposals, and / or methods disclosed in the present disclosure, and provide the generated signal to one or more transceivers 106 and 206. One or more processors 102 and 202 may receive a signal (e.g., a baseband signal) from one or more transceivers 106 and 206 and obtain the PDU, SDU, message, control information, data, or information according to the functions, procedures, proposals, and / or methods disclosed in the present disclosure.

[0074] One or more processors 102 and 202 may be referred to as controllers, microcontrollers, microprocessors, or microcomputers. One or more processors 102 and 202 may be implemented by hardware, firmware, software, or a combination thereof. As an example, one or more application specific integrated circuits (ASICs), one or more digital signal processors (DSPs), one or more digital signal processing devices (DSPDs), one or more programmable logic devices (PLDs), or one or more field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) may be included in one or more processors 102 and 202. The functions, processes, proposals, and / or methods disclosed in the present disclosure may be implemented using firmware or software, and the firmware or software may be configured to include modules, processes, or functions. Firmware or software configured to perform the functions, processes, proposals, and / or methods disclosed in the present disclosure may be included in one or more processors 102 and 202 or stored in one or more memories 104 and 204 to be driven by one or more processors 102 and 202. The functions, processes, proposals, and / or methods disclosed in the present disclosure may be implemented using firmware or software in the form of code, commands, and / or command sets.

[0075] One or more memories 104 and 204 may be connected to one or more processors 102 and 202 and store various types of data, signals, messages, information, programs, codes, commands and / or instructions. One or more memories 104 and 204 may be configured by read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), flash memory, hard disk drive, register, cache memory, computer-readable storage medium and / or a combination thereof. One or more memories 104 and 204 may be located inside and / or outside of one or more processors 102 and 202. One or more memories 104 and 204 may be connected to one or more processors 102 and 202 by various technologies such as wired or wireless connections.

[0076] One or more transceivers 106 and 206 may send the user data, control information and / or radio signal / channel mentioned in the method and / or operation flow chart of the present disclosure to one or more other devices. One or more transceivers 106 and 206 may receive the user data, control information and / or radio signal / channel mentioned in the function, process, proposal, method and / or operation flow chart disclosed in the present disclosure from one or more other devices. For example, one or more transceivers 106 and 206 may be connected to one or more processors 102 and 202 and send and receive radio signals. For example, one or more processors 102 and 202 may perform control so that one or more transceivers 106 and 206 may send user data, control information or radio signal to one or more other devices. One or more processors 102 and 202 may perform control so that one or more transceivers 106 and 206 may receive user data, control information or radio signal from one or more other devices. One or more transceivers 106 and 206 may be connected to one or more antennas 108 and 208. One or more transceivers 106 and 206 may be configured to send and receive user data, control information and / or radio signals / channels mentioned in the functional, process, proposal, method and / or operation flow chart disclosed in the present disclosure through one or more antennas 108 and 208. In the present disclosure, one or more antennas may be multiple physical antennas or multiple logical antennas (e.g., antenna ports). One or more transceivers 106 and 206 may convert received radio signals / channels, etc. from RF band signals to baseband signals so as to process received user data, control information, radio signals / channels, etc. using one or more processors 102 and 202. One or more transceivers 106 and 206 may convert user data, control information, radio signals / channels, etc. processed using one or more processors 102 and 202 from baseband signals to RF band signals. To this end, one or more of the transceivers 106 and 206 may include (analog) oscillators and / or filters.

[0077] Figure 3 Another example of a wireless device capable of executing implementations of the present disclosure is shown. Figure 3 , the wireless devices 100 and 200 may correspond to Figure 2 The wireless devices 100 and 200 of the present invention may be configured by various elements, components, units / parts and / or modules. For example, each of the wireless devices 100 and 200 may include a communication unit 110, a control unit 120, a memory unit 130 and an additional component 140. The communication unit may include a communication circuit 112 and a transceiver 114. For example, the communication circuit 112 may include Figure 2One or more processors 102 and 202 and / or one or more memories 104 and 204. For example, the transceiver 114 may include Figure 2 The control unit 120 is electrically connected to the communication unit 110, the memory 130, and the additional components 140, and controls the overall operation of the wireless device. For example, the control unit 120 may control the electrical / mechanical operation of the wireless device based on the program / code / command / information stored in the memory unit 130. The control unit 120 may send information stored in the memory unit 130 to the outside (e.g., other communication devices) via the communication unit 110 through a wireless / wired interface, or store information received from the outside (e.g., other communication devices) via the communication unit 110 in the memory unit 130 through a wireless / wired interface.

[0078] The additional components 140 may be configured differently depending on the type of wireless device. For example, the additional components 140 may include at least one of a power supply unit / battery, an input / output (I / O) unit, a drive unit, and a computing unit. The wireless device may be configured in the form of, but not limited to, a robot ( Figure 1 100a), vehicles ( Figure 1 100b-1 and 100b-2), XR devices ( Figure 1 100c), handheld device ( Figure 1 100d), household appliances ( Figure 1 100e), IoT devices ( Figure 1 100f), digital broadcast UE, holographic device, public safety device, MTC device, medical device, fintech device (or financial device), security device, climate / environmental device, AI server / device ( Figure 1 400), BS( Figure 1 200), network nodes, etc. The wireless device can be used in a mobile or fixed location depending on the usage / service.

[0079] exist Figure 3In the wireless devices 100 and 200, various elements, components, units / parts and / or modules in the wireless devices 100 and 200 may all be connected to each other through a wired interface, or at least a part thereof may be wirelessly connected through the communication unit 110. For example, in each of the wireless devices 100 and 200, the control unit 120 and the communication unit 110 may be wired, and the control unit 120 and the first unit (e.g., 130 and 140) may be wirelessly connected through the communication unit 110. The various elements, components, units / parts and / or modules within the wireless devices 100 and 200 may also include one or more elements. For example, the control unit 120 may be configured by a collection of one or more processors. As an example, the control unit 120 may be configured by a collection of a communication control processor, an application processor, an electronic control unit (ECU), a graphics processing unit and a memory control processor. As another example, the memory 130 may be configured by a random access memory (RAM), a dynamic RAM (DRAM), a read-only memory (ROM)), a flash memory, a volatile memory, a non-volatile memory and / or a combination thereof.

[0080] In the present disclosure, at least one memory (e.g., 104 or 204) may store instructions or programs, and these instructions or programs, when executed, may cause at least one processor operatively connected to the at least one memory to perform operations according to some embodiments or implementations of the present disclosure.

[0081] In the present disclosure, a computer-readable (non-temporary) storage medium may store at least one instruction or program, and when the at least one instruction or program is executed by at least one processor, the at least one processor may cause the at least one processor to perform operations according to some embodiments or implementations of the present disclosure.

[0082] In the present disclosure, a processing device or apparatus may include at least one processor and at least one computer memory operatively connected to the at least one processor. The at least one computer memory may store instructions or programs, and these instructions or programs, when executed, may cause at least one processor operatively connected to the at least one memory to perform operations according to some embodiments or implementations of the present disclosure.

[0083] In the present disclosure, a computer program may include program code stored on at least one computer-readable (non-volatile) storage medium, and when executed, it is configured to perform operations according to some implementations of the present disclosure or cause at least one processor to perform operations according to some implementations of the present disclosure. The computer program may be provided in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product may include at least one computer-readable (non-volatile) storage medium.

[0084] The communication device of the present disclosure includes: at least one processor; and at least one computer memory, which is operatively connected to the at least one processor and configured to store instructions, which when executed cause the at least one processor to perform operations according to examples of the present disclosure described later.

[0085] Figure 4 An example of a frame structure used in a 3GPP-based wireless communication system is shown.

[0086] Figure 4 The frame structure is only exemplary, and the number of subframes, the number of time slots, and the number of symbols in the frame may be changed differently. In the NR system, different OFDM parameter sets (e.g., subcarrier spacing (SCS)) may be configured for multiple cells aggregated for one UE. Therefore, the (absolute time) duration of time resources including the same number of symbols (e.g., subframes, time slots, or transmission time intervals (TTIs)) may be configured differently for the aggregated cells. Here, the symbol may include an OFDM symbol (or a cyclic prefix-OFDM (CP-OFDM) symbol) and an SC-FDMA symbol (or a discrete Fourier transform-spread-OFDM (DFT-s-OFDM) symbol). In the present disclosure, symbols, OFDM-based symbols, OFDM symbols, CP-OFDM symbols, and DFT-s-OFDM symbols may be used interchangeably.

[0087] Reference Figure 4 In the NR system, UL transmission and DL transmission are organized into frames. Each frame has T f =(△f max *N f / 100)*T c = 10 ms duration and is divided into two half frames of 5 ms each. The basic time unit of NR is T c =1 / (△f max *N f ), where △f max =480*10 3 Hz and N f =4096. For reference, the basic time unit of LTE is T s =1 / (△f ref *N f,ref ), where △f ref =15*10 3 Hz and N f,ref =2048. c and T f With constant κ = T c / T f =64. Each half frame includes 5 subframes, and the duration of a single subframe is T sfThe subframe is further divided into slots, and the number of slots in a subframe depends on the subcarrier spacing. Each slot includes 14 or 12 OFDM symbols based on the cyclic prefix. In normal CP, each slot includes 14 OFDM symbols, and in extended CP, each slot includes 12 OFDM symbols. The parameter set depends on the exponentially scalable subcarrier spacing △f=2 u *15kHz. The following table shows the number of OFDM symbols per time slot (N slot symb ), the number of time slots per frame (N frame,u slot ) and the number of time slots per subframe (N subframe,u slot ).

[0088] [Table 1]

[0089] u <![CDATA[N slot symb ]]> <![CDATA[N frame,u slot ]]> <![CDATA[N subframe,u slot ]]> 0 14 10 1 1 14 20 2 2 14 40 4 3 14 80 8 4 14 160 16 5 14 320 32 6 14 640 64

[0090] The following table shows the subcarrier spacing △f = 2 u *15kHz, number of OFDM symbols per slot, number of slots per frame and number of slots per subframe.

[0091] [Table 2]

[0092] u <![CDATA[N slot symb ]]> <![CDATA[N frame,u slot ]]> <![CDATA[N subframe,u slot ]]> 2 12 40 4

[0093] For subcarrier spacing configuration u, the time slots may be indexed in ascending order within a subframe as follows: n u s ∈{0,...,n subframe ,u slot -1}, and are indexed in ascending order within the frame as follows: n u s,f ∈{0,...,n frame,u slot -1}.

[0094] Figure 5 A resource grid of a time slot is shown. A time slot includes multiple (e.g., 14 or 12) symbols in the time domain. For each parameter set (e.g., subcarrier spacing) and carrier, a common resource block (CRB) N is indicated by higher layer signaling (e.g., RRC signaling). start,u grid Begins to define N size,u grid,x *N RB sc subcarriers and N subframe,u symb OFDM symbol resource grid, where N size,u grid,xis the number of resource blocks (RBs) in the resource grid, and the subscript x is DL for the downlink and UL for the uplink. N RB sc is the number of subcarriers per RB. In 3GPP-based wireless communication systems, N RB sc Typically 12. For a given antenna port p, subcarrier spacing configuration u, and transmission link (DL or UL), there is one resource grid. The carrier bandwidth N for subcarrier spacing configuration u is given to the UE through higher-layer parameters (e.g., RRC parameters) size,u grid . Each element in the resource grid for antenna port p and subcarrier spacing configuration u is called a resource element (RE), and one complex symbol can be mapped to each RE. Each RE in the resource grid is uniquely identified by an index k in the frequency domain and an index l representing the symbol position relative to a reference point in the time domain. In the NR system, an RB is defined by 12 consecutive subcarriers in the frequency domain. In the NR system, RBs are classified into CRBs and physical resource blocks (PRBs). For subcarrier spacing configuration u, CRBs are numbered from 0 upwards in the frequency domain. The center of subcarrier 0 of CRB 0 of subcarrier spacing configuration u is equal to "point A" used as a common reference point for the RB grid. PRBs for subcarrier spacing configuration u are defined within a bandwidth part (BWP) and are numbered from 0 to N. size,u BWP,i -1 numbering, where i is the number of BWPs. PRB n in BWPi PRB With CRB u CRB The relationship between n u PRB =n u CRB +N size,u BWP,i Given, where N size BWP,i is the CRB at which the BWP starts relative to CRB 0. A BWP includes multiple consecutive RBs in the frequency domain. For example, a BWP may be a CRB with a given parameter set u in BWP i on a given carrier. i A subset of contiguous CRBs defined by the UE. A carrier may include up to N (e.g., 5) BWPs. A UE may be configured with one or more BWPs on a given component carrier. Data communication is performed through enabled BWPs, and only a predetermined number of BWPs (e.g., one BWP) among the BWPs configured for the UE may be active on the component carrier.

[0095] For each serving cell in the set of DL BWPs or UL BWPs, the network may configure at least an initial DL BWP and one (if the serving cell is configured with uplink) or two (if supplementary uplink is used) initial UL BWPs. The network may configure additional UL and DL BWPs. For each DL BWP or UL BWP, the following parameters may be provided to the UE for the serving cell: i) SCS; ii) CP; iii) start BWP＝ 275 indicates the offset RB set and length L RB CRB N provided as the RRC parameter locationAndBandwidth of the Resource Indicator Value (RIV) start BWP =O carrier +RB start and the number of adjacent RBs N size BWP =L RB , and the value O provided by the RRC parameter offsetToCarrier for SCS carrier ; an index into a set of DL BWP or UL BWP; a set of BWP common parameters; and a set of BWP dedicated parameters.

[0096] Virtual Resource Blocks (VRBs) can be defined within a BWP and are numbered from 0 to N. size,u BWP,i -1 index, where i represents the BWP number. VRBs may be mapped to PRBs according to an interleaved mapping or a non-interleaved mapping. In some implementations, for non-interleaved VRB to PRB mapping, VRB n may be mapped to PRB n.

[0097] NR frequency bands are defined as two types of frequency ranges, namely, FR1 and FR2. FR2 is also known as millimeter wave (mmW). The following table shows the frequency ranges in which NR can operate.

[0098] [Table 3]

[0099] Frequency range specification Corresponding frequency range Subcarrier spacing FR1 410MHz-7125MHz 15, 30, 60kHz FR2 24250MHz-52600MHz 60, 120, 240kHz

[0100] Figure 6 is a diagram showing physical channels in a 3GPP-based communication system as an exemplary wireless communication system and a signal transmission / reception process using the physical channels.

[0101] When the UE is powered on or when the UE has been disconnected from the wireless communication system, the UE searches for a cell to reside in and performs an initial cell search, involving synchronization with a BS in the cell (S11). For the initial cell search, the UE receives a synchronization signal block (SSB) (also called an SS / PBCH block) from the BS. The SSB includes a primary synchronization signal (PSS), a secondary synchronization signal (SSS), and a physical broadcast channel (PBCH). The UE establishes synchronization with the BS based on the PSS / SSS and obtains information such as a cell identification (ID). The UE can obtain broadcast information in the cell based on the PBCH. The UE can receive a DL reference signal (RS) during the initial cell search to monitor the DL channel status.

[0102] After the initial cell search, the UE may camp on the cell. Subsequently, the UE may monitor the PDCCH in the cell and acquire more specific system information by receiving the PDSCH based on the DCI carried on the PDCCH (S12).

[0103] Subsequently, in order to complete the connection with the BS, the UE may perform a random access procedure (S13 to S16). In the random access procedure, for example, the UE may send a preamble on the PRACH (S13) and receive a PDCCH and a random access response (RAR) to the preamble on the PDSCH corresponding to the PDCCH (S14). When the UE fails to receive the RAR directed to the UE, the UE may attempt to retransmit the preamble. In the case of contention-based random access, the UE may send a PUSCH based on the UL resource assignment included in the RAR (S15), and perform a contention resolution procedure including reception of the PDCCH and the PDSCH corresponding to the PDCCH (S16).

[0104] After the above process, the UE may receive PDCCH / PDSCH from the BS (S17) and send PUSCH / PUCCH to the BS (S18) during general UL / DL signal transmission. The control information sent by the UE to the BS is generally referred to as uplink control information (UCI). UCI includes hybrid automatic repeat request acknowledgment / negative acknowledgment (HARQ ACK / NACK), scheduling request (SR) and channel state information (CSI). CSI includes channel quality indicator (CQI), precoding matrix indicator (PMI) and / or rank indication (RI). Typically, UCI is sent on PUCCH. However, when control information and data should be sent simultaneously, control information may be sent on PUSCH. In addition, upon receiving a request / command from the network, the UE may send UCI on PUSCH aperiodically.

[0105] During initial cell selection, the UE assumes that the half-frame containing the SSB repeats with a periodicity of 20ms. Based on the MIB, the UE can check whether there is a control resource set (CORESET) (e.g., CORESET#0) for Type0-PDCCH common search space (CSS), such as CORESET#0. If k SSB <=23 (for FR1) or k SSB <=11 (for FR2), the UE may determine that there is a CORESET for Type0-PDCCH CSS. SSB >23 (for FR1) or k SSB >11 (for FR2), the UE may determine that there is no CORESET for Type0-PDCCH CSS. Type0-PDCCH CSS is a PDCCH search space for sending a PDCCH that schedules a system information (SI) message. If Type0-PDCCH CSS exists, the UE may determine (i) a plurality of consecutive RBs and one or more consecutive symbols included in a CORESET (e.g., CORESET#0) and (ii) a PDCCH opportunity (i.e., a time domain position for receiving a PDCCH) (e.g., search space #0) based on information in the MIB (e.g., pdcch-ConfigSIB1). If Type0-PDCCH CSS does not exist, pdcch-ConfigSIB1 provides information about the frequency position where SSB / SIB1 exists and the frequency range where SSB / SIB1 does not exist.

[0106] Beam sweeping means that the transmission and reception point (TRP) (e.g., BS / cell) changes the beam (direction) of the radio signal over time. In the present disclosure, the terms "beam" and "beam direction" are used interchangeably. SSBs can be sent periodically by beam sweeping. In this case, the SSB index is implicitly linked to the SSB beam. The SSB beam can be changed based on the SSB (index) or based on the SSB (index) group. In the latter case, the SSB beam remains the same within the SSB (index) group. That is, the transmission beam direction of the SSB can be repeated across multiple consecutive SSBs. The SSB set is sent within a 5ms half frame. The set of SSBs sent within a 5ms half frame is called an SSB burst set. Depending on the frequency band to which the carrier belongs, the maximum number of SSBs sent in an SSB burst set is L. max Has values ​​4, 8, or 64.

[0107] Figure 7The system information (SI) acquisition process is shown. The UE can acquire access stratum / non-access stratum (AS / NAS) information from the SI acquisition process. The SI acquisition process can be applied to UEs in the following states: RRC_IDLE, RRC_INACTIVE, and RRC_CONNECTED. RRC_CONNECTED refers to a state in which the UE has established an RRC connection with the network. RRC_IDLE refers to a state in which the UE is not registered in a specific cell and has not received an AS context and other information from the network. RRC_INACTIVE refers to a state in which the UE remains in a state called CM-CONNECTED, in which the UE has a signaling connection with the core network for connection management (CM) and is able to move within an area defined by a radio access network (RAN) (e.g., BS) without notifying the RAN. CM_CONNECTED refers to a state in which the UE has a NAS signaling connection with the core network. CM_IDLE refers to a state in which the UE has no NAS signaling connection.

[0108] In a 3GPP-based system, system information (SI) may be classified into a master information block (MIB) and multiple system information blocks (SIBs). The MIB and multiple SIBs are divided into minimum system information (SI) and other SI, where the minimum SI consists of the MIB and system information block 1 (SIB1), and includes basic information required for initial access and information for acquiring any other SI. SIB1 may be referred to as remaining minimum system information (RMSI). Details are provided below.

[0109] -MIB is always sent on BCH with a periodicity of 80ms and is repeated within 80ms. MIB includes information / parameters related to SIB1 reception and is sent through PBCH in SSB. During initial cell selection, the UE assumes that the half frame including the SSB is repeated with a periodicity of 20ms. The UE can determine whether there is a control resource set (CORESET) for the Type0-PDCCH common search space based on the MIB. The Type0-PDCCH common search space is a PDCCH search space and is used to send a PDCCH that schedules SI messages. When a Type0-PDCCH common search space exists, the UE can determine (i) multiple consecutive RBs and one or more consecutive symbols included in the CORESET and (ii) the PDCCH timing (i.e., the time domain position for PDCCH reception) based on the information in the MIB (e.g., pdcch-ConfigSIB1). When there is no Type0-PDCCH common search space, pdcch-ConfigSIB1 provides information about the frequency position where SSB / SIB1 exists and information about the frequency range where SSB / SIB1 does not exist.

[0110] -SIB1 is sent on the downlink shared channel (DL-SCH) with a periodicity of 160ms and a variable transmission repetition periodicity within 160ms. The default transmission repetition periodicity of SIB1 is 20ms, but the actual transmission repetition periodicity depends on the network implementation. SIB1 includes information about the availability and scheduling (e.g., transmission periodicity and SI window size) of the remaining SIBs (hereinafter referred to as SIBx, where x is an integer greater than or equal to 2). For example, SIB1 may indicate whether SIBx is broadcast periodically or provided on demand at the request of the UE. When SIBx is provided on demand, SIB1 may include the information required by the UE to perform an SI request. SIB1 is a cell-specific SIB. The PDCCH that schedules SIB1 is sent in the Type0-PDCCH common search space, and SIB1 is sent via the PDSCH indicated by the PDCCH.

[0111] -SIBx is included in the SI message and transmitted through the PDSCH. Each SI message is transmitted within a time window (ie, SI window) that occurs periodically.

[0112] Figure 8 The initial network access and subsequent communication processing are shown. In a 3GPP-based communication system, especially in NR, physical channels and RSs can be sent based on beamforming. When signal transmission based on beamforming is supported, beam management processing can be performed for beam alignment between the BS and the UE. In addition, the signals or channels described in the present disclosure can be sent or received based on beamforming. Under RRC_IDLE, beam alignment can be performed based on SSB. In contrast, under RRC_CONNECTED, beam alignment can be performed based on CSI-RS (on DL) and SRS (on UL). If signal transmission based on beamforming is not supported, the beam-related operations in the following description may be omitted.

[0113] Reference Figure 8, the network (e.g., BS) may periodically send SSBs (S802). SSBs include PSS, SSS, and / or PBCH. SSBs may be sent based on beam sweeping. PBCH contains MIB, which may include information related to RMSI scheduling. Subsequently, the BS may send RMSI and other system information (OSI) (S804). This may include information required for the UE to perform initial access to the BS (e.g., PRACH configuration information). For example, information about RACH opportunities (i.e., PRACH opportunities) associated with SSBs in a cell may be provided via RMSI. For example, the number N of SSBs associated with a single PRACH opportunity and the number R of contention-based preambles per SSB for each valid PRACH opportunity may be provided to the UE. PRACH opportunities refer to time-frequency resources where PRACH preambles can be sent. If N<1, one SSB is mapped to 1 / N consecutive valid PRACH opportunities, and the R contention-based preambles associated with the SSB per valid PRACH opportunity are indexed consecutively starting from preamble index 0. If N>=1, then the R contention-based preambles associated with SSB n (where 1<=n<=N-1) per valid PRACH opportunity are indexed from preamble index n*N total preamble / N starts indexing continuously, where N total preambleIs an integer multiple of N and is provided via high-level signaling (e.g., system information, cell-specific or UE-specific RRC configuration, etc.). The UE selects an SSB among the SSBs received on the cell, where the reference signal received power (RSRP) measured based on the SSB exceeds a threshold, and sends a RACH preamble via the PRACH associated with the selected SSB (S806). The beam direction of the RACH preamble is associated with the PRACH resource. The association between the PRACH resource (and / or RACH preamble) and the SSB (SSB index) can be configured by SI (e.g., RMSI). The BS can distinguish between each random access preamble based on the time / frequency resource (RA opportunity, RO) for sending the random access preamble and the random access preamble index (preamble index, PI). When the BS receives the random access preamble from the UE, the BS sends a random access response (RAR) message to the UE via the PDSCH (S808). To receive the RAR message, the UE monitors the L1 / L2 control channel (PDCCH) with a cyclic redundancy check (CRC) masked with a random access-RNTI (RA-RNTI) within a preconfigured time window (e.g., ra-ResponseWindow), including scheduling information for the RAR message. When the scheduling information is received on the PDCCH masked with the RA-RNTI, the UE may receive the RAR message on the PDSCH indicated by the scheduling information. The UE then checks whether there is a RAR directed to the UE in the RAR message. Whether there is a RAR directed to the UE can be determined by checking whether there is a random access preamble ID (RAPID) of the preamble sent by the UE. The index of the preamble sent by the UE may be the same as the RAPID. The RAR includes the index of the corresponding RA preamble, the timing offset information of UL synchronization (e.g., timing advance command (TAC)), the UL scheduling information (e.g., UL grant) transmitted by Msg3, and the UE temporary identification information (e.g., temporary-C-RNTI (TC-RNTI)). Upon receiving the RAR, the UE sends Msg3 on the PUSCH according to the UL scheduling information and timing offset value in the RAR (S810). Msg3 may include the ID (or global ID) of the UE. In addition, Msg3 may include RRC connection request related information (e.g., RRCSetupRequest message) for initial access to the network. After receiving Msg3, the BS sends a contention resolution message (i.e., Msg4) to the UE (S812). When the UE receives the contention resolution message and the contention resolution is successful, the TC-RNTI is changed to C-RNTI. Msg4 may include the ID of the UE / RRC connection related information (e.g., RRCSetup message). When the information sent in Msg3 does not match the information received in Msg4 or when the UE does not receive Msg4 within a predetermined time, the UE may determine that the contention resolution has failed and retransmit Msg3.

[0114] exist Figure 8 In the figure, a 4-step random access procedure (S808 to S812) is shown, but a 2-step random access procedure (not shown) may also be used. NR systems may require lower latency than legacy systems. In particular, for delay-sensitive services such as URLLC, a 4-step random access procedure may not be preferred. Various scenarios in NR systems may require a low-latency random access procedure. When the implementation of the present disclosure is implemented together with the random access procedure, the implementation of the present disclosure may be implemented together with the 2-step random access procedure to reduce the delay involved in the random access procedure. The 2-step random access procedure may be performed in two steps: MsgA transmission from the UE to the BS and MsgB transmission from the BS to the UE. The MsgA transmission may include the transmission of an RA preamble on the PRACH and the transmission of an UL payload on the PUSCH. In the MsgA transmission, the PRACH and PUSCH may be sent in time division multiplexing (TDM). Alternatively, in the MsgA transmission, the PRACH and PUSCH may be sent in frequency division multiplexing (FDM). Upon receiving MsgA, the BS may send MsgB to the UE. MsgB may include the RAR for the UE. An RRC connection request related message (e.g., an RRCSetupRequest message) requesting establishment of a connection between the RRC layer of the BS and the RRC layer of the UE may be included in the payload of MsgA. In this case, MsgB may be used to send RRC connection related information (e.g., an RRCSetup message). In contrast, an RRC connection request related message (e.g., an RRCSetupRequest message) may be sent on the PUSCH based on the UL grant in MsgB. In this case, RRC connection related information (e.g., an RRCSetup message) related to the RRC connection request may be sent on the PDSCH associated with the PUSCH transmission after the PUSCH transmission based on MsgB.

[0115] Once an RRC connection is established between the BS and the UE through a RACH process (i.e., a random access procedure), subsequent beam alignment may be performed based on the SSB / CSI-RS (on the DL) and the SRS (on the UL). For example, the UE may receive the SSB / CSI-RS (S814). The UE may use the SSB / CSI-RS to generate a beam / CSI report. The BS may request a beam / CSI report from the UE via the DCI (S816). In this case, the UE may generate a beam / CSI report based on the SSB / CSI-RS and send the generated beam / CSI report to the BS via the PUSCH / PUCCH (S818). The beam / CSI report may include beam measurement results, information about a preferred beam, and the like. The BS and the UE may switch beams based on the beam / CSI report (S820a and S820b).

[0116] Subsequently, according to some implementations of the present disclosure, based on the configuration information obtained during the network access process (e.g., acquisition of system information, RRC connection establishment via RACH, etc.), the UE and the BS may process the information in the memory to send a radio signal or process the received radio signal to store the signal in the memory. The radio signal may include at least one of PDCCH, PDSCH, or RS on DL and at least one of PUCCH, PUSCH, or SRS on UL.

[0117] Hereinafter, physical channels available in a 3GPP-based wireless communication system will be described in detail.

[0118] PDCCH carries DCI. For example, PDCCH (i.e., DCI) carries information about the transmission format and resource allocation of the downlink shared channel (DL-SCH), information about the resource allocation of the uplink shared channel (UL-SCH), paging information about the paging channel (PCH), system information about DL-SCH, resource allocation information of control messages of a layer higher than the physical layer (hereinafter, high layer) in the protocol stack of UE / BS (e.g., random access response (RAR) sent on PDSCH), transmission power control commands, information about the activation / deactivation of configuration scheduling (CS), etc. DCI including resource allocation information about DL-SCH is called PDSCH scheduling DCI, and DCI including resource allocation information about UL-SCH is called PUSCH scheduling DCI. DCI includes a cyclic redundancy check (CRC). The CRC is masked / scrambled with various identifiers (e.g., radio network temporary identifier (RNTI)) according to the owner and purpose of the PDCCH. For example, if the PDCCH is for a specific UE, the CRS is masked with a UE identifier (e.g., cell-RNTI (C-RNTI)). If the PDCCH is for a paging message, the CRC is masked with a paging RNTI (P-RNTI). If the PDCCH is for system information (e.g., system information block (SIB)), the CRC is masked with a system information RNTI (SI-RNTI). If the PDCCH is for a random access response, the CRC is masked with a random access-RNTI (RA-RNTI).

[0119] When the PDCCH on one serving cell schedules the PDSCH or PUSCH on another serving cell, it is called cross-carrier scheduling. Cross-carrier scheduling with a carrier indicator field (CIF) allows the PDCCH on the serving cell to schedule resources on another serving cell. When the PDSCH on the serving cell schedules the PDSCH or PUSCH on the serving cell, it is called self-carrier scheduling. When cross-carrier scheduling is used in a cell, the BS may provide information about the cell of the scheduling cell to the UE. For example, the BS may inform the UE whether the serving cell is scheduled by the PDCCH on another (scheduling) cell or by the serving cell. If the serving cell is scheduled by another (scheduling) cell, the BS may inform the UE which cell signals the DL assignment and UL grant of the serving cell. In the present disclosure, the cell carrying the PDCCH is referred to as the scheduling cell, and the cell whose transmission of the PUSCH or PDSCH is scheduled by the DCI included in the PDCCH (i.e., the cell carrying the PUSCH or PDSCH scheduled by the PDCCH) is referred to as the scheduled cell.

[0120] PDSCH is a physical layer UL channel for UL data transmission. PDSCH carries DL data (e.g., DL-SCH transport block) and is subjected to modulation such as quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK), 16 quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM), 64QAM, 256QAM, etc. Codewords are generated by encoding transport blocks (TBs). PDSCH can carry up to two codewords. Scrambling and modulation mapping of each codeword can be performed, and modulation symbols generated from each codeword can be mapped to one or more layers. Each layer is mapped to a radio resource together with a DMRS and generated as an OFDM symbol signal. Then, the OFDM symbol signal is sent through the corresponding antenna port.

[0121] For UL-SCH data transmission, the UE needs to have UL resources available for the UE, and for DL-SCH data reception, the UE needs to have DL resources available for the UE. The BS assigns UL and DL resources to the UE through resource allocation. Resource allocation may include time domain resource allocation (TDRA) and frequency domain resource allocation (FDRA). In the present disclosure, UL resource allocation is also referred to as UL grant, and DL resource allocation is also referred to as DL assignment. The UL grant may be dynamically received by the UE on the PDCCH or in the RAR, or the UL grant may be semi-persistently configured to the UE from the BS through RRC signaling. The DL assignment may be dynamically received by the UE on the PDCCH, or semi-persistently configured to the UE from the BS through RRC signaling.

[0122] On the UL, the BS can dynamically allocate UL resources to the UE via a PDCCH addressed to a temporary identifier (cell radio network temporary identifier, C-RNTI). The UE monitors the PDCCH to detect possible UL grants for UL transmission. The BS can use the configuration grant to allocate UL resources to the UE. Two types of configuration grants can be used, type 1 and type 2. In the case of type 1, the BS directly provides the configured UL grant (including periodicity) via RRC signaling. In the case of type 2, the BS configures the periodicity of the RRC-configured UL grant via RRC signaling, and can signal and enable or disable the configured UL grant by addressing the PDCCH to the configuration scheduling RNTI (CS-RNTI). For example, in the case of type 2, the PDCCH addressed to the CS-RNTI indicates that until deactivation, the corresponding UL grant can be implicitly reused according to the periodicity configured via RRC signaling.

[0123] On the DL, the BS may dynamically allocate DL resources to the UE via a PDCCH addressed to the C-RNTI. The UE monitors the PDCCH to detect possible DL assignments. The BS may allocate DL resources to the UE using semi-persistent scheduling (SPS). The BS may configure the periodicity of the configured DL assignments via RRC signaling, and signal and enable or disable the configured DL assignments via a PDCCH addressed to the CS-RNTI. For example, the PDCCH addressed to the CS-RNTI indicates that until deactivation, the corresponding DL assignment may be implicitly reused according to the periodicity configured via RRC signaling.

[0124] Fig. 9 An example of PDSCH TDRA caused by PDCCH and an example of PUSCH TDRA caused by PDCCH are shown.

[0125] The DCI carried by the PDCCH for scheduling PDSCH or PUSCH includes a TDRA field. The TDRA field provides a value m of row index m+1 for the allocation table of PDSCH or PUSCH. The predefined default PDSCH time domain allocation is applied as the allocation table of PDSCH, or the PDSCH TDRA table configured by the BS through the RRC signal pdsch-TimeDomainAllocationList is applied as the allocation table of PDSCH. The predefined default PUSCH time domain allocation is applied as the allocation table of PUSCH, or the PUSCH TDRA table configured by the BS through the RRC signal pusch-TimeDomainAllocationList is applied as the allocation table of PUSCH. The PDSCH TDRA table to be applied and / or the PUSCH TDRA table to be applied can be determined according to fixed / predefined rules (for example, refer to 3GPPTS 38.214).

[0126] In the PDSCH time domain resource configuration, each index row defines the DL assignment and the PDSCH time slot offset K 0 , start and length indicator SLIV (or the starting position of PDSCH in the direct time slot (e.g., starting symbol index S) and allocation length (e.g., number of symbols L)) and PDSCH mapping type. In the PUSCH time domain resource configuration, each index row defines the UL grant and PUSCH time slot offset K 2 , the starting position (e.g., starting symbol index S) and allocation length (e.g., number of symbols L) of the PUSCH in the time slot, and the PUSCH mapping type. 0 and PUSCH's K 2 Indicates the difference between a time slot with a PDCCH and a time slot with a PDSCH or PUSCH corresponding to the PDCCH. SLIV represents a joint indicator of a starting symbol S relative to the start of a time slot with a PDSCH or PUSCH and the number of consecutive symbols L counted from symbol S. There are two PDSCH / PUSCH mapping types: one is mapping type A and the other is mapping type B. In the case of PDSCH / PUSCH mapping type A, DMRS is mapped to PDSCH / PUSCH resources relative to the start of the time slot. Depending on other DMRS parameters, one or two symbols of the PDSCH / PUSCH resource may be used as DMRS symbols. For example, in the case of PDSCH / PUSCH mapping type A, according to RRC signaling, the DMRS is located in the third symbol (symbol #2) or the fourth symbol (symbol #3) in the time slot. In the case of PDSCH / PUSCH mapping type B, DMRS is mapped relative to the first OFDM symbol of the PDSCH / PUSCH resource. Depending on other DMRS parameters, one or two symbols from the first symbol of the PDSCH / PUSCH resource may be used as DMRS symbols. For example, in the case of PDSCH / PUSCH mapping type B, the DMRS is located at the first symbol allocated for the PDSCH / PUSCH. In the present disclosure, the PDSCH / PUSCH mapping type may be referred to as a mapping type or a DMRS mapping type. For example, in the present specification, PUSCH mapping type A may be referred to as mapping type A or DMRS mapping type A, and PUSCH mapping type B may be referred to as mapping type B or DMRS mapping type B.

[0127] The scheduling DCI includes an FDRA field that provides assignment information about RBs for PDSCH or PUSCH. For example, the FDRA field provides information about a cell used for PDSCH or PUSCH transmission to a UE, information about a BWP used for PDSCH or PUSCH transmission, and / or information about RBs used for PDSCH or PUSCH transmission.

[0128] A CORESET may be defined and / or configured as a set of time-frequency resources in which a UE can monitor a PDCCH. A CORESET has a duration of one to three OFDM symbols and includes a set of PRBs. The PRBs included in the CORESET and the CORESET duration may be provided to the UE via high-level (e.g., RRC) signaling. The UE may monitor the PDCCH candidate set in the configured CORESET according to the corresponding search space set. In the present disclosure, monitoring means decoding (blind decoding) of each PDCCH candidate based on the monitored DCI format. The MIB on the PBCH provides the UE with parameters (e.g., CORESET#0 configuration) for monitoring the PDCCH that schedules the PDSCH carrying SIB1. The PBCH may indicate that there is no associated SIB1. In this case, the UE may be provided not only with a frequency range in which the UE is allowed to assume that there is no SSB associated with SSB1, but also with another frequency range in which the UE is allowed to discover the SSB associated with SIB1. As a CORESET for scheduling at least SIB1, CORESET#0 may be configured via MIB or dedicated RRC signaling.

[0129] One or more CORESETs may be configured to a UE, and multiple CORESETs may overlap in the time domain or the frequency domain. Parameters for configuring a CORESET may be provided by a BS.

[0130] The UE may monitor PDCCH candidates in one or more SS sets in a time slot according to the configuration of the CORESET / SS set. The timing (e.g., time / frequency resource) of monitoring PDCCH candidates is defined as a PDCCH (monitoring) opportunity. One or more PDCCH (monitoring) opportunities may be configured in a time slot.

[0131] In order to achieve wider coverage or provide wireless communication services in places where it is difficult to install BS for wireless communication, non-terrestrial network (NTN) services are being considered. NTN refers to a network or network segment that uses RF resources installed on a satellite (or unmanned aerial system (UAS) platform). Although traditional terrestrial network (TN) services provide wireless communication to UEs by installing BSs on the ground, NTN services provide wireless communication to UEs by deploying BSs in non-ground locations rather than on the ground, such as artificial satellites (geostationary orbit, low earth orbit, medium earth orbit, etc.), aircraft, unmanned airships or drones. NTN scenarios also include the following cases: high altitude platform (HAPS) and air-to-ground (ATG). In some scenarios, for NTN services, frequency division duplex (FDD) is mainly considered (but time division duplex (TDD) is not completely excluded), and it is assumed that the UE has GNSS capability.

[0132] Fig.10 NTN is shown. Fig.10 As shown, NTN generally includes the following elements.

[0133] >One or more gateways connecting the NTN to the public data network.

[0134] >> Geostationary Earth Orbit (GEO) satellites are supported by one or more gateways deployed across the satellite's target coverage (eg, regional or continental coverage). It is assumed that a UE in a cell is served by a gateway.

[0135] >> Non-GEO satellites are continuously served by one or more gateways at a time. The system ensures service and feeder link continuity between continuously served gateways for sufficient duration to support mobility anchoring and handover processing.

[0136] >Feeder link or radio link between the gateway and the satellite (or UAS platform).

[0137] >Serving link or radio link between UE and satellite (or UAS platform).

[0138] >Satellites (or UAS platforms) capable of transparent or regenerative payloads, including onboard processing. The beams generated by a satellite (or UAS platform) typically create multiple beams for a given service area defined by the field of view. The coverage of the beams is typically elliptical. The field of view of the satellite (or UAS platform) is determined by the onboard antenna pattern and the minimum elevation angle.

[0139] >> Transparent Payload: The transparent payload performs functions such as RF filtering, frequency conversion and amplification. Therefore, the waveform signal repeated through the payload remains unchanged.

[0140] >> Regenerative payload: The regenerative payload performs functions such as RF filtering, frequency conversion, amplification, demodulation / decoding, switching and / or routing, encoding / modulation, etc. This is actually equivalent to installing all or part of the BS functionality (e.g., BS) on the satellite (or UAS platform).

[0141] > Optionally, Inter-Satellite Links (ISLs) can be used in satellite deployments. ISLs require a regenerative payload on the satellite. ISLs can operate in either the RF band or the optical band.

[0142] >UE is served by a satellite (or UAS platform) within the target service area.

[0143] In the present disclosure, a feeder link is a wireless link between an NTN gateway and an NTN payload, and a service link is a wireless link between an NTN payload and a UE. Fig.10The gateway in the network is an earth station located on the surface of the earth, which provides a connection with the NTN payload via a feeder link. The NTN payload is a network node installed on a satellite or HAPS, providing a connection function between the service link and the feeder link.

[0144] There may be different types of satellites (or UAS platforms). The following table shows examples of NTN platform types.

[0145] [Table 4]

[0146]

[0147] Typically, GEO satellites and UAS are used to provide continental, regional or local services. LEO and MEO satellite constellations are used to provide services in the Northern and Southern Hemispheres. In some cases, constellations can provide global coverage including polar regions.

[0148] Fig.11 Shows the cell types supported by the satellite. In particular, Fig.11 (a) shows an example of a fixed earth cell, and Fig.11 (b) shows an example of an earth mobile cell.

[0149] Reference Fig.11 (a) In the case of an earth-fixed cell, the cell remains at a specific location on the surface of the earth permanently or for a specific service duration based on the beam steering capability of the satellite. Fig.11 (b), in the case of an earth mobile cell, the cell is served by a fixed beam without using the beam steering capability of the satellite, and the cell moves continuously across the surface of the earth.

[0150] The frequency bands considered for NTN services mainly include the 2GHz band below 6GHz (L band: 1 to 2GHz, S band: 2 to 4GHz) and the DL 20GHz and UL 30GHz bands above 6GHz (Ka band: 26.5 to 40GHz).

[0151] Fig.12 A format for position estimation based on orbital parameters is shown.

[0152] A key concept of NTN is that NTN cells are provided by non-geostationary orbit (NGSO) satellites that periodically orbit the earth. Each satellite has its orbital trajectory, which is included in the satellite position estimation information (ephemeris information). Based on the satellite position estimation information, the network can predict feeder link switching and manage UE mobility and radio resource control. The BS providing NTN access can provide orbital trajectory information or position estimation information (ephemeris information) about the coordinates of the NTN payload. For the position estimation information, the following two position estimation formats can be used.

[0153] > Position and velocity state vector position estimate format: 132 bits (<17 bytes).

[0154] >>The field size of position (x,y,z)[m] is 78 bits

[0155] >>The field size of speed (vx,vy,vz)[m / s] is 54 bits.

[0156] >Orbital parameter position estimation format (orbital parameter ephemeris format) (refer to Fig.12 ): 164 bits (<21 bytes).

[0157] >>The semi-major axis "α" (m) is 33 bits.

[0158] >>The eccentricity "e" is 20 bits.

[0159] >>The periapsis angle "ω" (rad) is 28 bits.

[0160] >>The longitude of the ascending node "Ω" (rad) is 28 bits.

[0161] >>The inclination angle "i" (rad) is 27 bits.

[0162] >>The mean anomaly "M" (rad) at the epoch time is 28 bits.

[0163] The UE determines the transmission power P for PRACH on the active UL BWP b of carrier f of serving cell c based on the DL RS of serving cell c at transmission opportunity i according to the following equation 1: PRACH,b,f,c (i).

[0164] > Formula 1: P PRACH,b,f,c (i) = min{P CMAX,f,c (i),P PRACH,target,f,c +PL b,f,c}[dBm].

[0165] In formula 1, P CMAX,f,c (i) is the maximum output power configured by the UE for carrier f serving cell c in each time slot. That is, P CMAX,f,c (i) For carrier f serving cell c during transmission opportunity i. PRACH,target,f,c PL is the PRACH target received power PREAMBLE_RECEIVED_TARGET_POWER of the active UL BWP b of carrier f serving cell c provided by higher layers (e.g., MAC layer). b,f,cIt is the path loss of the active UL BWP b of carrier f based on the DL RS associated with the PRACH transmission on the active DL BWP of serving cell c, which is calculated by the UE as "referenceSignalPower - high-layer filtered RSRP" (dBm) in dBm. RSRP is defined as the linear average of the power contributions (in watts (W)) of the REs carrying the DL RS. The measured RSRP is filtered through a layer 3 (L3) filter, and the high-layer filter configuration (e.g., L3 filter configuration) for the RSRP measurement results from the layer 1 (L1) filter can be provided to the UE via high-layer signaling (e.g., RRC signaling). The MAC entity of the UE can determine PREAMBLE_RECEIVED_TARGET_POWER according to the following formula 2.

[0166] >Formula 2: preambleReceivedTargetPower+DELTA_PREAMBLE+(PREAMBLE_POWER_RAMPING_COUNTER-1)*PREAMBLE_POWER_RAMPING_STEP+POW ER_OFFSET_2STEP_RA. The MAC entity instructs the physical layer to send the RACH preamble based on PREAMBLE_POWER_TARGET_POWER. Here, DELTA_PREAMBLE is a predefined value based on the preamble format. PREAMBLE_POWER_RAMPING_COUNTER is a variable indicating the number of times the preamble power is ramped up (i.e., the number of times the transmission power is increased related to the PRACH preamble transmission for the random access process). In addition, preambleReceivedTargetPower, POWER_OFFSET_2STEP_RA, and PREAMBLE_POWER_RAMPING_STEP are values ​​determined by higher layer signaling (e.g., RRC signaling from the BS). For example, preambleReceivedTargetPower is a value provided to the UE via the following RRC configurations: BeamFailureRecoveryConfig, which is used to configure RACH resources and candidate beams for beam failure recovery (BFR) in the event of beam failure detection; RACH-ConfigCommon, which is used to specify cell-specific random access parameters; and RACH-ConfigDedicated, which is used to specify dedicated random access parameters. The UE can use the value of preambleReceivedTargetPower provided by BeamFailureRecoveryConfig to determine the PREAMBLE_POWER_TARGET_POWER for the random access procedure for BFR. For the random access procedure for cell access, the UE may use the value of preambleReceivedTargetPower provided by RACH-ConfigCommon. PREAMBLE_POWER_RAMPING_STEP is the amount or size of the preamble power ramp-up, which is determined by the value configured to the UE via RRC signaling. POWER_OFFSET_2STEP_RA is the power offset applied when the random access type is switched from 2-step random access to 4-step random access during the random access procedure. When initiating a random access procedure on the serving cell, the UE sets POWER_OFFSET_2STEP_RA to 0 dB.When the random access type is switched from 2-step random access to 4-step random access, the UE sets POWER_OFFSET_2STEP_RA to (PREAMBLE_POWER_RAMPING_COUNTER-1)*(MSGA_PREAMBLE_.

[0167] POWER_RAMPING_STEP-PREAMBLE_POWER_RAMPING_STEP). When initiating a random access procedure on the serving cell, the UE (specifically, the MAC entity of the UE) sets PREAMBLE_POWER_RAMPING_COUNTER to 1. For a random access preamble (i.e., when sending a PRACH preamble, the UE (specifically, the MAC entity of the UE) operates as follows for each random access preamble (i.e., PRACH preamble),

[0168] > if PREAMBLE_TRANSMISSION_COUNTER is greater than 1; and

[0169] > if no notification to suspend the power ramp-up counter is received from the lower layer (i.e., the physical layer); and

[0170] > if no Listen Before Talk (LBT) failure indication is received from the lower layer (i.e., the physical layer) for the last random access preamble transmission; and

[0171] > If the selected SSB or CSI-RS has not changed relative to the selection in the last random access preamble transmission:

[0172] >>PREAMBLE_POWER_RAMPING_COUNTER increases by 1.

[0173] If the UE changes the spatial domain transmission filter before PRACH retransmission, the UE's layer 1 (i.e., physical layer) notifies the higher layer (e.g., MAC layer) to suspend the power ramp-up counter. Alternatively, due to predefined reasons (e.g., power allocation for PUSCH / PUCCH / PRACH / SRS transmission, power allocation in E-UTRA-NR dual connectivity (EN-DC), NR-E-UTRA dual connectivity (NE-DC) or NR-NR dual connectivity (NR-DC) operation, time slot format determination as described in clause 11.1 of 3GPP TS 38.213, overlap between PUSCH / PUCCH / PRACH / SRS transmission opportunities in the same time slot, or a smaller gap between PRACH transmission and PUSCH / PUCCH / SRS transmission), if the UE does not send PRACH at the transmission opportunity, the UE's layer 1 may notify the higher layer (e.g., MAC layer) to suspend the power ramp-up counter. Alternatively, if the UE sends PRACH with reduced power at a transmission opportunity due to predefined reasons (e.g., power allocation for PUSCH / PUCCH / PRACH / SRS transmission or power allocation in EN-DC, NE-DC or NR-DC operation), Layer 1 (i.e., physical layer) of the UE may notify higher layers (e.g., MAC layer) to suspend the power ramp-up counter.

[0174] For example, P CMAX,f,c It can be configured as defined in 3GPP TS 38.101-1, 3GPP TS 38.101-2 and 3GPP TS 38.101-3. Referring to 3GPP TS 38.101-1, for example, the UE is allowed to set the maximum output power P configured for carrier f of serving cell c for each time slot. CMAX,f,c The configured maximum output power P CMAX,f,c Set within the following limits: P CMAX_L,f,c <=P CMAX,f,c <=P CMAX_H,f,c , where P CMAX_L,f,c =MIN{P EMAC,c -△T C,c ,(P PowerClass -△P PowerClass )-MAX(MAX(MPR c +△MPR c ,A-MPR c )+△T IB,c +△T C,c +△T RxSRS ,P-MPR c )}, and P CMAX_H,f,c =MIN{P EMAC,c ,(P PowerClass -△P PowerClass)}. EMAC,c It is the p-MAX information element (IE) of the cell provided by higher layer signaling (e.g., RRC signaling), or the value provided by the additionalPmax field of the NR-NS-PmaxList IE. PowerClass It is the maximum UE power defined based on the operating frequency band and UE power class. PowerClass Is the power offset based on the power level. △T IB,c is the additional tolerance of the serving cell c predefined according to CA or DC. C,c is a predefined offset of the tolerance. MPR c and A-MPR c are predefined values ​​representing the Maximum Power Reduction (MPR) and the Additional MPR (A-MPR), respectively. c and A-MPR c The ΔMPR of serving cell c represents the maximum power reduction (MPR) and additional MPR (A-MPR) allowed for the maximum output power, which are determined based on the operating frequency band, power level, modulation scheme and / or RB allocation. c The maximum output power reduction value is predefined based on the ratio of the relative channel bandwidth, calculated as "2*BW Channel / (F UL_low +F UL_high )”.△T RxSRS It is a value predetermined according to the frequency band or power level supported by the UE, and is applied during the SRS transmission opportunity when the purpose of the RRC-configured SRS-ResourceSet is set to "antennaSwitching". c is a power management maximum power reduction that applies only to predefined situations. Details of parameters and / or variable values ​​related to the configured maximum output power can be found in 3GPP TS 38.101-1.

[0175] In the NTN environment, various types of UEs are being considered for use. For example, portable handheld UEs as well as fixed UEs such as very small aperture terminals (VSATs) may be used. These UEs may have different UE power classes, meaning that the maximum transmission power available for UL transmission may vary depending on the UE.

[0176] In an NTN environment with significant path loss, the UE's transmission power is likely to be determined as the maximum value during the random access procedure, that is, the UE's configured maximum output power P CMAX (For example, P CMAX,f,c). In these environments, if UEs with different power levels perform transmissions on the same PRACH (i.e., if UEs with different power levels transmit on the same PRACH opportunity), it may be difficult for the BS to receive transmissions from UEs with lower maximum transmission power. To address this issue, the PRACH target receive power can be set lower. However, this may degrade the overall PRACH performance.

[0177] Taking this into consideration, some implementations of the present disclosure applicable to PRACH preamble transmission (eg, PRACH transmission) are described below.

[0178] The previously described elements (eg, frame structure, NTN system, etc.) may be applied in combination with some implementations of the present disclosure to be described later, or may be used to explicitly supplement these implementations.

[0179] In addition, the implementation related to UL transmission power control during RACH preamble code transmission to be described later can also be similarly applied to other UL transmission power control methods in 3GPP-based systems (e.g., NR, LTE, etc.) described earlier.

[0180] In addition, some implementations of the present disclosure related to the configuration of PRACH transmission timing (i.e., RACH transmission timing) are associated with UL transmission, which can be applied to UL transmission in a licensed band without shared spectrum access operation or in an unlicensed band with shared spectrum access operation. For example, UL transmission according to some implementations of the present disclosure related to the configuration of PRACH transmission timing can be performed in a licensed cell (L cell) and / or an unlicensed cell (U cell) as defined in an NR system or an unlicensed band system.

[0181] <Implementation 1> Preamble selection method considering RSRP level and UE type

[0182] When there are different power levels, different maximum transmission power values ​​or different P CMAX,f,c When a UE with a value of RSRP accesses the network, it can be considered that each UE selects a different preamble or PRACH resource based on the RSRP measured by the UE and its maximum transmission power. In the prior art, any SSB exceeding the reference RSRP and the RACH opportunity (RO) associated with the SSB have been selected. According to some implementations of the present specification, instead of selecting any SSB among the SSBs exceeding the reference RSRP, an RO within an RO group determined based on the maximum transmission power or power level of the UE can be selected from the ROs associated with the SSBs exceeding the reference RSRP.

[0183] First, the maximum transmission power value or power level of the UE can be classified into one or more UE power groups. For example, based on a predefined value or a value P provided by L1 signaling (e.g., DCI) or higher layer signaling (e.g., RRC signaling) from the BS. Threshold , the maximum transmission power is higher than P Threshold A UE can be classified as a high-power UE, and the maximum transmission power is lower than or equal to P Threshold Alternatively, a UE whose power class is higher than a specific UE power class may be classified as a high-power UE, and a UE whose power class is lower than or equal to the specific UE power class may be classified as a low-power UE.

[0184] The UE may measure RSRP to determine the PRACH preamble transmission power. In implementation 1, the RSRP measured by the UE may be classified into two or more RSRP groups based on specific values. For example, the UE may classify RSRP values ​​above a specific threshold into two or more RSRP groups. Threshold RSRP values ​​are classified as high (or higher) RSRP, and will be equal to or lower than RSRP Threshold RSRP values ​​are classified as lower RSRP. Threshold It may be a predefined value or a value provided through L1 signaling (eg, DCI) from the BS or a higher layer signaling.

[0185] The BS may configure multiple PRACH resources or RO groups for the UE through a broadcast system information message such as SIB (or MIB), L1 signaling (e.g., DCI), or high-level signaling (e.g., RRC signaling or MAC control element). In order to configure multiple PRACH resources for the UE, the BS may configure multiple IEs such as RACH-ConfigCommon. In order to configure multiple RO groups for the UE, the BS may configure a reference RO index. The UE may assume that ROs with indices lower than the reference RO index and ROs with indices equal to or higher than the reference RO index belong to the corresponding RO group. For different PRACH resources or RO groups, the UE may use different PRACH target received powers PREAMBLE_RECEIVED_TARGET_POWER. To this end, the parameter preambleReceivedTargetPower may be configured for each PRACH resource or RO group, which may be used to determine the PRACH target received power through MAC layer operations. Alternatively, an additional power offset DELTA_UEPC may be configured. When the additional power offset DELTA_UEPC is configured, the PRACH target received power PREAMBLE_RECEIVED_TARGET_POWER can be determined according to the following formula 3.

[0186] >Formula 3: preambleReceivedTargetPower+DELTA_PREAMBLE+DELTA_UEPC+(PREAMBLE_POWER_RAMPING_COUNTER-1)*PREAMBLE_POWER_RAMPING_STEP+POW ER_OFFSET_2STEP_RA,

[0187] In Formula 3, DELTA_PREAMBLE is a value determined based on the preamble format, and PREAMBLE_POWER_RAMPING_COUNTER is the number of times the UE attempts to send a random access preamble. In addition, preambleReceivedTargetPower, POWER_OFFSET_2STEP_RA, and PREAMBLE_POWER_RAMPING_STEP are values ​​configured by high-level signaling (e.g., RRC signaling). In Formula 2, the preambleReceivedTargetPower used to determine PREAMBLE_RECEIVED_TARGET_POWER is a value provided by BeamFailureRecoveryConfig, RACH-ConfigCommon, or RACH-ConfigDedicated. For preambleReceivedTargetPower, the same value is applied to ROs for the same purpose on a single cell. In Formula 3, preambleReceivedTargetPower is provided for each PRACH resource or RO group according to some implementations of the present disclosure, and the UE can use different PREAMBLE_RECEIVED_TARGET_POWER values ​​for different PRACH resources or RO groups. Furthermore, unlike Formula 2, according to Formula 3, DELTA_UEPC is used to determine PREAMBLE_RECEIVED_TARGET_POWER.

[0188] In some implementations of the present disclosure, the UE may select a PRACH resource or a PRACH preamble group based on an RSRP group (e.g., a higher RSRP or a lower RSRP) and a UE power group (e.g., a high power UE or a low power UE) distinguished by the measured RSRP. Then, the UE may perform a random access procedure based on at least one of the following methods.

[0189] <Method 1-1> When two RO groups or two contention-based PRACH resources are configured for a UE, if the measured RSRP is high RSRP and the UE is identified as a high-power UE based on the maximum transmission power, the UE may use one RO group or one contention-based PRACH resource. In other cases, the UE may use another RO group or another contention-based PRACH resource.

[0190] <Method 1-2> When two RO groups or two contention-based PRACH resources are configured for a UE, if the measured RSRP is the lower RSRP and the UE is identified as a low-power UE based on the maximum transmission power, the UE may use one RO group or one contention-based PRACH resource. In other cases, the UE may use another RO group or another contention-based PRACH resource.

[0191] <Method 1-3> When three RO groups (e.g., the first RO group, the second RO group, and the third RO group) or three contention-based PRACH resources (e.g., the first PRACH resource, the second PRACH resource, and the third PRACH resource) are configured for the UE, if the measured RSRP is a lower RSRP and the UE is identified as a low-power UE based on the maximum transmission power, the UE can use the first RO group or the first PRACH resource. If the measured RSRP is a higher RSRP and the UE is identified as a high-power UE based on the maximum transmission power, the UE can use the second RO group or the second PRACH resource. In all other cases, the UE can use the third RO group or the third PRACH resource.

[0192] <Implementation 2> Preamble code selection method considering power saturation

[0193] When UEs with different maximum transmission power values ​​access the network, it can be considered that each UE selects a different preamble or PRACH resource based on the RSRP measured by the UE and its maximum transmission power.

[0194] The BS may configure multiple PRACH resources or RO groups for the UE through a broadcast system information message such as SIB (or MIB), L1 signaling (e.g., DCI), or high-level signaling (e.g., RRC signaling or MAC control element). In order to configure multiple PRACH resources for the UE, the BS may configure multiple IEs such as RACH-ConfigCommon. In order to configure multiple RO groups for the UE, the BS may configure a reference RO index. The UE may assume that ROs with indices lower than the reference RO index and ROs with indices equal to or higher than the reference RO index belong to the corresponding RO group. For different PRACH resources or RO groups, the UE may use different PRACH target received powers PREAMBLE_RECEIVED_TARGET_POWER. To this end, the parameter preambleReceivedTargetPower may be configured for each PRACH resource or RO group, which may be used to determine the PRACH target received power through MAC layer operations. Alternatively, an additional power offset DELTA_UEPC may be configured. When the additional power offset DELTA_UEPC is configured, the PRACH target received power PREAMBLE_RECEIVED_TARGET_POWER may be determined according to the following formula 4.

[0195] >Formula 4: preambleReceivedTargetPower+DELTA_PREAMBLE+DELTA_UEPC+(PREAMBLE_POWER_RAMPING_COUNTER-1)*PREAMBLE_POWER_RAMPING_STEP+POW ER_OFFSET_2STEP_RA,

[0196] In Formula 4, DELTA_PREAMBLE is a value determined based on the preamble format, and PREAMBLE_POWER_RAMPING_COUNTER is the number of times the UE attempts to send a random access preamble. In addition, preambleReceivedTargetPower, POWER_OFFSET_2STEP_RA, and PREAMBLE_POWER_RAMPING_STEP are values ​​provided by higher layer signaling (eg, RRC signaling).

[0197] The UE may determine the PRACH resource or RO group for random access based on the PRACH transmission power determined for each of the multiple PRACH resources or RO groups. As described above, the UE may use different PRACH target received powers PREAMBLE_RECEIVED_TARGET_POWER for each PRACH resource or RO group. Considering the UL transmission power determined for each PRACH resource or RO group, the UE may use a transmission power less than the maximum output power (P CMAX,f,c ) (i.e., the RACH resource or RO group with the maximum transmission power among the RACH resources or RO groups, where P PRACH,b,f,c (i) is determined to be less than P CMAX,f,c ) to perform random access.

[0198] Considering the case where the UE uses power ramping during the random access process, the maximum value of PREAMBLE_POWER_RAMPING_COUNTER can be configured for each PRACH resource or RO group. If the power ramping is performed so that the current value of PREAMBLE_POWER_RAMPING_COUNTER exceeds the maximum value of PREAMBLE_POWER_RAMPING_COUNTER for a specific PRACH resource or RO group, the UE can use another PRACH resource or RO group to perform random access without using the corresponding PRACH resource or RO group. This method limits the number of power ramping times for each PRACH resource, thereby ensuring that if the number of power ramping times exceeds a specific threshold, the UE can selectively use other PRACH resources.

[0199] <Implementation method 3> RSRP expectation based on satellite mobility

[0200] In the case of using implementation 1 and / or implementation 2 or regardless of using implementation 1 and / or implementation 2, the UE may adjust the RSRP of the actual uplink transmission by taking into account the movement of the UE and the relative position to the satellite while measuring the RSRP. This operation may be particularly useful when the UE is stationary or moving in a fixed direction (e.g., a train).

[0201] First, the UE may store the time when the RS for RSRP measurement is received. For example, the UE may store the position of the start or end symbol of the SS / PBCH block for RSRP measurement. If multiple SS / PBCH blocks are used for RSRP measurement, the UE may store the position T1 of the start or end symbol of the last SS / PBCH block.

[0202] When the UE is as described in implementation mode 1 and / or implementation mode 2 or is independent of implementation mode 1 and / or implementation mode 2 (for example, see Figure 8 ) When selecting a PRACH opportunity and preamble based on RSRP, for a PRACH opportunity starting at time T2, the UE may use the measured RSRP+DELTA_RSRP instead of the measured RSRP value. The DELTA_RSRP value at time T2 may be determined according to the following equation 5.

[0203] > Equation 5: DELTA_RSRP = α*(displacement / distance) = α*[sqrt{(positionX+(T2-T1)*velocityVX) 2 +(positionY+(T2-T1)*velocityVY) 2 +(positionZ+(T2-T1)*velocityVZ) 2}

[0204] -sqrt{positionX 2 +positionY 2 +positionZ 2}] / sqrt{positionX 2 +positionY 2 +positionZ 2}

[0205] In Formula 5, sqrt{·} represents the square root of {·}, and positionX, positionY, positionZ, velocityVX, velocityVY, and velocityVZ are values ​​representing the position and velocity of the satellite along each axis in an Earth-centered Earth-fixed (ECEF) coordinate system provided by EphemerisInfo IE (e.g., refer to EphemerisInfo IE in 3GPP TS 38.331Rel-17). The constant α determines the RSRP change rate due to satellite displacement. The constant α may be a predefined value or a value determined by higher layer signaling or system information from the BS.

[0206] The above parameters representing the position and velocity of the satellite may be provided via the PositionVelocity-r17 parameter. Instead of PositionVelocity-r17, the satellite may provide information about its ephemeris format via the Orbital-r17 parameter. The Orbital-r17 parameter may include the following parameters: semiMajorAxis-r17, eccentricityE-r17, periapsis-r17, longitude-r17, inclinationI-r17, and meanAnomalyM-r17. In this case, the UE may convert the orbital parameter ephemeris format given by the parameters into the position and velocity state vector ephemeris format, and then apply Equation 5 and the implementation of the present disclosure.

[0207] In some implementations of the present disclosure, the multiple PRACH resources may refer to two or more PRACH resource configurations with different RACH configuration indexes.

[0208] In some implementations of the present disclosure, an RO group may refer to a group of ROs mapped to an SSB index. The RO group may include at least one of the following:

[0209] A set of RACH preamble indices (e.g., a set of shared ROs)

[0210] >>That is, the RO group may be a group in which each element is a combination of SSB and RO.

[0211] >>UE may randomly select a preamble from a given group and perform random access preamble transmission.

[0212] >A set of individual RO indices determined by the RACH configuration (eg, a set that may include one or more RO indices may be included in the RACH configuration).

[0213] >> That is, the RO group may refer to the RO before SSB to RO mapping. In other words, the RO group may consist of only RO as its elements, rather than a group whose elements are combinations of SSB and RO. The RO group may be configured independently of SSB to RO mapping.

[0214] >>Therefore, a RO group can be a group whose elements are all RO.

[0215] >>The UE may randomly select an RO from a given group and randomly select an SSB from among the SSBs mapped to the RO to perform random access preamble transmission.

[0216] >>Such grouping may be determined by configuring an RO mask associated with each group (e.g., RRC configures ra-ssb-OccasionMaskIndex, which defines the PRACH occasions associated with the SSB at which the UE can send a random access preamble). For multiple groups, the BS may configure multiple RO masks for each group. Alternatively, for two groups, the BS may configure one mask for the first group and assign the remaining ROs to the second group. For example, for two groups, the first group may be assumed to be the group including all ROs, and a mask associated with the second group may be configured. The mask may then be applied to the first group, and the remaining ROs may be determined / defined as the second group.

[0217] In some implementations of the present disclosure, the BS may configure multiple PRACH resources or RO groups for the UE through a broadcast system information message such as SIB (or MIB), L1 signaling (e.g., DCI) or high-level signaling (e.g., RRC signaling or MAC control element). In some implementations of the present disclosure, in order to configure multiple PRACH resources for the UE, the BS may configure multiple IEs such as RACH-ConfigCommon.

[0218] According to some implementations of the present disclosure, a UE with a lower maximum transmission power may avoid competing with other UEs with a higher maximum transmission power, thereby enhancing the PRACH performance of the UE with the higher maximum transmission power.

[0219] Methods, implementations, or descriptions for implementing the implementations described in this disclosure (e.g., Implementation 1, Implementation 2, and / or Implementation 3) may be applied alone or in combination with one or more implementations (or implementations or descriptions).

[0220] Fig.13 The flow of UL signal transmission of a UE according to some implementations of the present disclosure is shown.

[0221] The UE may be associated with UL signal transmission to perform operations according to some implementations of the present disclosure. The UE may include: at least one transceiver; at least one processor; and at least one computer memory, which is operatively connected to the at least one processor and stores instructions, which when executed, cause the at least one processor to perform operations according to some implementations of the present disclosure. The processing device for the UE may include: at least one processor; and at least one computer memory, which is operatively connected to the at least one processor and stores instructions, which when executed, cause the at least one processor to perform operations according to some implementations of the present disclosure. A computer-readable (non-volatile) storage medium may store at least one computer program including instructions, which when executed by at least one processor cause the at least one processor to perform operations according to some implementations of the present disclosure. A computer program or computer program product may include instructions, which are recorded on at least one computer-readable (non-volatile) storage medium and when executed, cause (at least one processor) to perform operations according to some implementations of the present disclosure.

[0222] Reference Fig.13 The method performed by the UE or the operation of the UE, the processing device, the computer-readable (non-temporary) storage medium and / or the computer program product may include: receiving a configuration related to multiple RO groups (S1301); determining one RO group among the multiple RO groups as the RO group for PRACH transmission based on the maximum transmission power of the UE and the RSRP measured based on the DL RS (S1303); determining an RO among the ROs in the determined RO group; determining the transmission power for PRACH transmission (S1305); and performing PRACH transmission at the transmission power during the determined RO (S1307).

[0223] In some implementations, the plurality of RO groups may include a first RO group and a second RO group. Determining one of the plurality of RO groups as the RO group for PRACH transmission may include: determining the first RO group as the RO group for PRACH transmission based on a maximum transmission power of the UE being higher than a power threshold and a measured RSRP being higher than an RSRP threshold.

[0224] In some implementations, determining one RO group among multiple RO groups as the RO group for PRACH transmission may include: determining a second RO group as the RO group for PRACH transmission based on the UE's maximum transmission power being lower than or equal to a power threshold or the measured RSRP being lower than or equal to an RSRP threshold.

[0225] In some implementations, the method or operations performed by the UE may also include receiving information about a power threshold.

[0226] In some implementations, the method or operation performed by the UE may also include receiving information about an RSRP threshold.

[0227] In some implementations, the method or operation performed by the UE may further include receiving information about preambleReceivedTargetPower values ​​for a plurality of RO groups.The transmission power for the PRACH transmission may be determined based on the preambleReceivedTargetPower value for the determined RO group.

[0228] In some implementations, determining the RO group for PRACH transmission may include: adjusting the measured RSRP based on the reception time T1 of the DL RS and the determined T2 of the RO to determine the adjusted RSRP; and determining the RO group for PRACH transmission based on the maximum transmission power of the UE and the adjusted RSRP.

[0229] In some implementations, the method or operation performed by the UE may further include receiving ephemeris information. The adjusted RSRP may be determined by adding the measured RSRP to the DELTA_RSRP. The DELTA_RSRP is given by DELTA_RSRP = α * (displacement / distance) = α * [sqrt {(positionX + (T2-T1) * velocityVX) 2 +(positionY+(T2-T1)*velocityVY) 2 +(positionZ+(T2-T1)*velocityVZ) 2}-sqrt{positionX 2 +positionY 2 +

[0230] positionZ 2}] / sqrt{positionX 2 +positionY 2 +positionZ 2}, where sqrt{·} is the square root of {·}, α is a predetermined constant, and positionX, positionY, positionZ, velocityVX, velocityVY, and velocityVZ are values ​​determined from the ephemeris information.

[0231] In some implementations, the method or operation performed by the UE may also include receiving information about α.

[0232] In some implementations, the method or operation performed by the UE may include receiving information according to implementation 1, implementation 2, and / or implementation 3 of the present disclosure.

[0233] Fig.14 A flow of UL reception performed by a BS according to some implementations of the present disclosure is shown.

[0234] The BS may provide configurations related to multiple RO groups (S1401). For example, the BS may provide configurations for RO groups based on implementation 1 or implementation 2. The BS may also provide the information described in implementation 1, implementation 2, and / or implementation 3 to the UE. The BS may attempt to receive PRACH during RO (S1403). If the BS receives a PRACH preamble at the RO, that is, detects PRACH at the RO, the BS may send a RAR for the PRACH preamble. The BS may assume that the RO for PRACH is determined according to implementation 1, implementation 2, and / or implementation 3.

[0235] The BS may perform operations in accordance with some implementations of the present disclosure in association with UL signal reception. The BS may include: at least one transceiver; at least one processor; and at least one computer memory, which is operatively connectable to the at least one processor and stores instructions, which when executed, cause the at least one processor to perform operations in accordance with some implementations of the present disclosure. A processing device for a BS may include: at least one processor; and at least one computer memory, which is operatively connectable to the at least one processor and stores instructions, which when executed, cause the at least one processor to perform operations in accordance with some implementations of the present disclosure. A computer-readable (non-volatile) storage medium may store at least one computer program including instructions, which when executed by at least one processor cause the at least one processor to perform operations in accordance with some implementations of the present disclosure. A computer program or computer program product may include instructions, which are recorded on at least one computer-readable (non-volatile) storage medium and when executed, cause (at least one processor) to perform operations in accordance with some implementations of the present disclosure.

[0236] The method performed by the BS or the operations of the BS, the processing device, the computer-readable (non-transitory) storage medium and / or the computer program product may include: sending a configuration related to multiple RO groups; attempting to receive PRACH during a random access process at the RO; and sending a RAR for the PRACH based on receiving the PRACH at the RO.

[0237] In some implementations, the method or operation performed by the BS may include sending information according to implementation 1, implementation 2, and / or implementation 3 of the present disclosure.

[0238] The examples of the present disclosure as described above have been presented to enable those of ordinary skill in the art to implement and practice the present disclosure. Although the present disclosure is described with reference to the examples, those skilled in the art may make various modifications and changes in the examples of the present disclosure. Therefore, the present disclosure is not intended to be limited to the examples set forth herein, but to conform to the widest scope consistent with the principles and features disclosed herein.

[0239] Implementations of the present disclosure may be used in a BS, a UE, or other devices in a wireless communication system.

Claims

1. A method for transmitting an uplink signal by a user equipment UE in a wireless communication system, the method comprising the following steps: Receiving a configuration related to a plurality of random access channel opportunity RO groups; Determine, based on the maximum transmission power of the UE and the reference signal received power RSRP measured based on the downlink reference signal, one RO group among the multiple RO groups as the RO group for physical random access channel PRACH transmission; determining an RO among the ROs in the determined RO group; determining a transmission power for the PRACH transmission; as well as The PRACH transmission is performed at the transmission power during the determined RO.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein: The plurality of RO groups include a first RO group and a second RO group, and The step of determining the one RO group among the multiple RO groups as the RO group for the PRACH transmission includes: Based on the maximum transmission power of the UE being higher than a power threshold and based on the measured RSRP being higher than an RSRP threshold, the first RO group is determined as the RO group for the PRACH transmission.

3. The method according to claim 2, wherein: The step of determining the one RO group among the plurality of RO groups as the RO group for the PRACH transmission comprises: Based on the maximum transmission power of the UE being lower than or equal to the power threshold or based on the measured RSRP being lower than or equal to the RSRP threshold, the second RO group is determined as the RO group for the PRACH transmission.

4. The method according to claim 2, further comprising the steps of: Information about the power threshold is received.

5. The method according to claim 2, further comprising the steps of: Information about the RSRP threshold is received.

6. The method according to claim 1, further comprising the steps of: receiving information about preambleReceivedTargetPower values ​​for the plurality of RO groups, The transmission power for the PRACH transmission is determined based on a preambleReceivedTargetPower value for the determined RO group.

7. The method according to claim 1, wherein: The step of determining the RO group for the PRACH transmission comprises: adjusting the measured RSRP based on the reception time T1 of the downlink reference signal and T2 of the determined RO to determine an adjusted RSRP; and The RO group for the PRACH transmission is determined based on the maximum transmission power of the UE and the adjusted RSRP.

8. The method according to claim 7, further comprising the steps of: Receive ephemeris information, and wherein the adjusted RSRP is determined by adding the measured RSRP to the DELTA_RSRP, Where DELTA_RSRP is determined by the following formula: DELTA_RSRP = α * (displacement / distance) = α * [sqrt{(positionX + (T2 - T1) * velocityVX) 2 + (positionY + (T2 - T1) * velocityVY) 2 + (positionZ + (T2 - T1) * velocityVZ) 2}- sqrt{positionX 2 + positionY 2 + positionZ 2}] / sqrt{positionX 2 + positionY 2 + positionZ 2}, wherein sqrt{·} is the square root of {·}, α is a predetermined constant, and positionX, positionY, positionZ, velocityVX, velocityVY, and velocityVZ are values ​​determined from the ephemeris information.

9. The method according to claim 8, further comprising the steps of: Receive information about α.

10. A user equipment UE configured to send an uplink signal in a wireless communication system, the UE comprising: at least one transceiver; at least one processor; as well as at least one computer memory operatively connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions that, when executed, cause the at least one processor to perform operations comprising: Receiving a configuration related to a plurality of random access channel opportunity RO groups; Determine, based on the maximum transmission power of the UE and the reference signal received power RSRP measured based on the downlink reference signal, one RO group among the multiple RO groups as the RO group for physical random access channel PRACH transmission; determining an RO among the ROs in the determined RO group; determining a transmission power for the PRACH transmission; and The PRACH transmission is performed at the transmission power during the determined RO.

11. A processing device in a wireless communication system, the processing device comprising: at least one processor; as well as at least one computer memory operatively connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions that, when executed, cause the at least one processor to perform operations comprising: Receiving a configuration related to a plurality of random access channel opportunity RO groups; Determine, based on a maximum transmission power of a user equipment UE and a reference signal received power RSRP measured based on a downlink reference signal, one RO group among the plurality of RO groups as an RO group for physical random access channel PRACH transmission; determining an RO among the ROs in the determined RO group; determining a transmission power for the PRACH transmission; and The PRACH transmission is performed at the transmission power during the determined RO.

12. A computer-readable storage medium configured to store at least one program code comprising instructions that, when executed, cause at least one processor to perform operations comprising: Receiving a configuration related to a plurality of random access channel opportunity RO groups; Determine, based on a maximum transmission power of a user equipment UE and a reference signal received power RSRP measured based on a downlink reference signal, one RO group among the plurality of RO groups as an RO group for physical random access channel PRACH transmission; determining an RO among the ROs in the determined RO group; determining a transmission power for the PRACH transmission; as well as The PRACH transmission is performed at the transmission power during the determined RO.

13. A method for receiving an uplink signal from a user equipment UE by a base station BS in a wireless communication system, the method comprising the following steps: Sending configuration related to multiple random access channel opportunity RO groups; During the random access process, the RO attempts to receive the physical random access channel PRACH; as well as Based on receiving the PRACH at the RO, a random access response for the PRACH is sent.

14. A base station BS configured to receive an uplink signal from a user equipment UE in a wireless communication system, the BS comprising: at least one transceiver; at least one processor; as well as at least one computer memory operatively connected to the at least one processor and storing instructions that, when executed, cause the at least one processor to perform operations comprising: Sending configuration related to multiple random access channel opportunity RO groups; Attempting to receive a physical random access channel PRACH at the RO during the random access procedure; and Based on receiving the PRACH at the RO, a random access response for the PRACH is sent.

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