Injection molding machine

Abstract

The invention provides an injection molding machine capable of stably stopping a mold mounting part at a non-molding position. An injection molding machine includes: a mold mounting portion on which a mold constituting a mold device is mounted; a drive unit that rotates or moves the mold mounting unit between a first molding position at which mold closing, pressure increasing, mold clamping, pressure releasing, and mold opening of the mold device are performed, and a non-molding position at which mold closing, pressure increasing, mold clamping, pressure releasing, and mold opening of the mold device are not performed; and a restricting portion that restricts displacement of the mold mounting portion from the non-molding position.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application claims priority based on Japanese Patent Application No. 2023-159345 filed on September 25, 2023. The entire contents of the Japanese Patent Application are incorporated herein by reference.

[0002] The invention relates to an injection molding machine. Background Art

[0003] Injection molding machines sometimes include: a mold mounting portion for mounting a mold constituting a mold device; and a driving portion for rotating or moving the mold mounting portion. For example, the injection molding machine described in Patent Document 1 includes: a rotating table for mounting a movable mold; and a rotating mechanism for rotating the rotating table. When the rotation angle of the rotating table is 0° and 180°, the mold device is closed, pressurized, clamped, depressurized, and opened, the injection device fills the molding material into the interior of the mold device, and the mold device molds the molding material.

[0004] Patent Document 1: Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2020-82402

[0005] The position of the mold mounting part where the mold device performs mold closing, pressurization, mold clamping, depressurization, and mold opening is referred to as a molding position. In addition, the position of the mold mounting part where the mold device does not perform mold closing, pressurization, mold clamping, depressurization, and mold opening is referred to as a non-molding position. If a prescribed operation is performed when the mold mounting part is located at the molding position, operability may be poor. Therefore, the mold mounting part is sometimes rotated or moved to the non-molding position and a prescribed operation is performed. In the past, the mold mounting part could not be stably stopped at the non-molding position, so operability was poor. Summary of the invention

[0006] One aspect of the present invention provides a technology capable of stably stopping a mold mounting portion at a non-molding position.

[0007] An injection molding machine involved in one embodiment of the present invention comprises: a mold mounting portion for mounting a mold constituting a mold device; a driving portion for rotating or moving the mold mounting portion between a first molding position in which mold closing, pressurization, mold clamping, depressurization and mold opening of the mold device are performed and a non-molding position in which mold closing, pressurization, mold clamping, depressurization and mold opening of the mold device are not performed; and a limiting portion for limiting the displacement of the mold mounting portion from the non-molding position.

[0008] Effects of the Invention

[0009] According to one aspect of the present invention, the mold attachment portion can be stably stopped at the non-molding position. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0010] Figure 1This is a diagram showing a state of the injection molding machine according to one embodiment when mold opening is completed.

[0011] Figure 2 It is a diagram showing a state of the injection molding machine according to one embodiment when the mold is clamped.

[0012] Figure 3 This is a horizontal cross-sectional view showing a state of the mold device when the rotation angle of the turntable according to one embodiment is the first rotation angle and the mold is closed.

[0013] Figure 4 This is a horizontal cross-sectional view showing a state of the mold device when the rotation angle of the turntable according to one embodiment is the first rotation angle and mold opening is completed.

[0014] Figure 5 It is a horizontal cross-sectional view showing a state of the mold device when the rotation angle of the turntable according to one embodiment is the second rotation angle and the mold is closed.

[0015] Figure 6 It is a horizontal cross-sectional view showing a state of the mold device when the rotation angle of the turntable according to one embodiment is the second rotation angle and mold opening is completed.

[0016] Figure 7 It is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a state of the mold device when the rotation angle of the turntable according to one embodiment is the first rotation angle and the mold is closed.

[0017] Figure 8 It is a diagram showing the position of the rotary connector when the rotation angle of the rotary table according to one embodiment is a first rotation angle.

[0018] Fig. 9 It is a diagram showing the position of the rotary connector when the rotation angle of the rotary table according to one embodiment is the second rotation angle.

[0019] Fig.10 It is a diagram showing the position of the rotary connector when the rotation angle of the rotary table according to one embodiment is the third rotation angle.

[0020] Fig.11 It is a diagram showing operation buttons involved in one embodiment.

[0021] Explanation of symbols

[0022] 10-injection molding machine, 520-rotating table (mold mounting part), 530-rotating mechanism (driving part), 580-limiting part, 800-mold device, 820-movable mold (mold). DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. In addition, in each of the drawings, the same or corresponding structures are sometimes denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof is omitted.

[0024] Figure 1 This is a diagram showing a state of the injection molding machine according to one embodiment when mold opening is completed. Figure 2 It is a diagram showing a state of the injection molding machine according to one embodiment when the mold is clamped. Figure 3 This is a horizontal cross-sectional view showing a state of the mold device when the rotation angle of the turntable according to one embodiment is the first rotation angle and the mold is closed. Figure 4 This is a horizontal cross-sectional view showing a state of the mold device when the rotation angle of the turntable according to one embodiment is the first rotation angle and mold opening is completed. Figure 5 It is a horizontal cross-sectional view showing a state of the mold device when the rotation angle of the turntable according to one embodiment is the second rotation angle and the mold is closed. Figure 6 It is a horizontal cross-sectional view showing a state of the mold device when the rotation angle of the turntable according to one embodiment is the second rotation angle and mold opening is completed. Figure 7 1 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a state of a mold device when the rotation angle of the turntable according to one embodiment is the first rotation angle and the mold is closed. Figure 1 and Figure 2 It is along Figure 3 Vertical cross-section diagram of line II.

[0025] In this specification, the X-axis direction, the Y-axis direction, and the Z-axis direction are directions perpendicular to each other. The X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction represent horizontal directions, and the Z-axis direction represents a vertical direction. When the mold clamping device 100 is horizontal, the X-axis direction is the mold opening and closing direction, and the Y-axis direction is the width direction of the injection molding machine 10. The negative side of the Y-axis direction is called the operating side, and the positive side of the Y-axis direction is called the opposite side of the operating side.

[0026] like Figure 1 to Figure 7As shown, the injection molding machine 10 includes a mold clamping device 100 for opening and closing a mold device 800, a first ejector device 201 for ejecting a first product 23 molded by the mold device 800, a second ejector device 202 for ejecting both a second molded product 22 and a second product 24 molded by the mold device 800, a first injection device 301 for injecting a molding material into the mold device 800, a second injection device 302 for injecting a molding material into the mold device 800, a first moving device 401 for advancing and retracting the first injection device 301 relative to the mold device 800, a second moving device (not shown) for advancing and retracting the second injection device 302 relative to the mold device 800, a control device 700 for controlling the components of the injection molding machine 10, and a frame 900 for supporting the components of the injection molding machine 10. The frame 900 includes a mold clamping device frame 910 and an injection device frame 920. The mold clamping device frame 910 and the injection device frame 920 are respectively installed on the floor 2 via leveling casters 930. The control device 700 is arranged in the internal space of the injection device frame 920. Hereinafter, each component of the injection molding machine 10 will be described.

[0027] (Mold clamping device)

[0028] In the description of the mold clamping device 100, the moving direction of the movable platen 120 when the mold is closed (for example, the positive direction of the X axis) is set to the front, and the moving direction of the movable platen 120 when the mold is opened (for example, the negative direction of the X axis) is set to the rear. The mold clamping device 100 performs mold closing, pressure increase, mold clamping, pressure release, and mold opening of the mold device 800. The mold device 800 includes a fixed mold 810 and a movable mold 820.

[0029] like Figure 3 and Figure 5 As shown, the fixed mold 810 has a first fixed molding surface 811 and a second fixed molding surface 812 on the surface opposite to the movable mold 820. The first fixed molding surface 811 forms a part of the wall surface of the first cavity space 801 for molding the first molded product 21. On the other hand, the second fixed molding surface 812 forms a part of the wall surface of the second cavity space 802 for molding the second molded product 22. The first fixed molding surface 811 and the second fixed molding surface 812 are formed in different shapes, for example, each is formed in a concave shape. The first fixed molding surface 811 and the second fixed molding surface 812 are formed on the same fixed mold plate in the present embodiment, but may also be formed on different fixed mold plates as described in Patent Document 1.

[0030] The fixed mold 810 has a plurality of plates 813, 814, and 815 stacked in the mold opening and closing direction. The plate 813 mounted on the fixed platen 110 is referred to as a fixed mounting plate 813. The plate 815 forming the first cavity space 801 and the second cavity space 802 is referred to as a fixed template 815. The plate 814 disposed between the fixed mounting plate 813 and the fixed template 815 is referred to as an intermediate plate 814.

[0031] The movable mold 820 has a first movable molding surface 821 and a second movable molding surface 822 on the surface facing the fixed mold 810. Figure 3 and Figure 5 As shown, the first movable molding surface 821 and the second movable molding surface 822 respectively form a part of the wall surface of the first cavity space 801 and a part of the wall surface of the second cavity space 802 in sequence. The first movable molding surface 821 and the second movable molding surface 822 are formed in the same shape, for example, they are formed in a convex shape. In this embodiment, the first movable molding surface 821 and the second movable molding surface 822 are formed on the same movable mold plate, but they can also be formed on different movable mold plates as described in Patent Document 1.

[0032] The movable mold 820 has a plurality of plates 823, 824, and 825 stacked in the mold opening and closing direction. The plate 823 mounted on the movable platen 120 via the rotating table 520 is referred to as a movable mounting plate 823. The plate 825 forming the first cavity space 801 and the second cavity space 802 is referred to as a movable die plate 825. The plate 824 disposed between the movable mounting plate 823 and the movable die plate 825 is referred to as a spacer 824. The spacer 824 forms a space between the movable mounting plate 823 and the movable die plate 825.

[0033] like Figure 4 and Figure 6 As shown, the movable mold 820 includes a fixed portion 830 fixed to the movable platen 120, a first movable portion 840 for ejecting both the first waste product 23 and the second waste product 24 from the fixed portion 830, and a second movable portion 850 for ejecting the second molded product 22 from the fixed portion 830. A plurality of sets of the first movable portion 840 and the second movable portion 850 are provided.

[0034] The fixing part 830 includes a movable mounting plate 823, a cushion block 824, and a movable template 825. A through hole 823a is formed on the movable mounting plate 823 for sequentially inserting and removing the first ejection rod 211 and the second ejection rod 212. The diameter of the through hole 823a is larger than the diameter of the first ejection rod 211 and the diameter of the second ejection rod 212.

[0035] The first movable portion 840 includes, for example, a first ejector plate 841 disposed perpendicularly to the mold opening and closing direction and a rod-shaped first ejector pin 842 extending forward from the first ejector plate 841 .

[0036] The first ejector plate 841 is disposed in the space between the movable mounting plate 823 and the movable die plate 825. The first ejector plate 841 moves forward and backward along the guide pins 829 parallel to the die opening and closing direction. The first ejector plate 841 is urged away from the movable die plate 825 by the first return spring 843.

[0037] The first ejector pin 842 is arranged to be able to move forward and backward in a first pin hole that penetrates the movable die plate 825 in the mold opening and closing direction. The front end surface of the first ejector pin 842 abuts against the first scrap 23 or the second scrap 24.

[0038] The second movable portion 850 includes, for example, a second ejector plate 851 disposed perpendicularly to the mold opening and closing direction and a rod-shaped second ejector pin 852 extending forward from the second ejector plate 851 .

[0039] The second ejector plate 851 is disposed in the space between the movable mounting plate 823 and the movable die plate 825. The second ejector plate 851 moves forward and backward along the guide pins 829 parallel to the die opening and closing direction. The second ejector plate 851 is urged by the second return spring 853 in a direction away from the movable die plate 825.

[0040] The second ejector plate 851 is disposed between the movable mounting plate 823 and the first ejector plate 841. When the second ejector plate 851 moves forward and backward, the first ejector plate 841 and the second ejector plate 851 move forward and backward together.

[0041] A through hole 851a is formed on the second ejector plate 851, which passes through the second ejector plate 851 in the mold opening and closing direction. The diameter of the through hole 851a is larger than the diameter of the first ejector rod 211 and smaller than the diameter of the second ejector rod 212. The first ejector rod 211 passes through the through hole 851a, and the second ejector rod 212 does not pass through the through hole 851a.

[0042] The second ejector pin 852 is disposed so as to be able to move forward and backward in a second pin hole penetrating the movable die plate 825 in the mold opening and closing direction. The front end surface of the second ejector pin 852 abuts against the first molded product 21 or the second molded product 22 .

[0043] In addition, in the present embodiment, the first fixed molding surface 811 and the second fixed molding surface 812 are formed in a concave shape, and the first movable molding surface 821 and the second movable molding surface 822 are formed in a convex shape, but the present invention is not limited thereto. That is, the first fixed molding surface 811 and the second fixed molding surface 812 may be formed in a convex shape, and the first movable molding surface 821 and the second movable molding surface 822 may be formed in a concave shape.

[0044] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the mold clamping device 100 is, for example, a horizontal type, and its mold opening and closing direction is the horizontal direction. The mold clamping device 100 includes a fixed platen 110 for mounting the fixed mold 810, a rotating table 520 for mounting the movable mold 820, a movable platen 120 for rotatably mounting the rotating table 520, a rotating mechanism 530 for rotating the rotating table 520, and a moving mechanism 102 for moving the movable platen 120 relative to the fixed platen 110 in the mold opening and closing direction.

[0045] The fixed platen 110 is fixed to the mold clamping device frame 910. The fixed mold 810 is attached to the surface of the fixed platen 110 that faces the movable platen 120.

[0046] The movable platen 120 is configured to be movable relative to the mold clamping device frame 910 in the mold opening and closing direction. A guide 101 for guiding the movable platen 120 is laid on the mold clamping device frame 910. A rotating table 520 is installed on the surface of the movable platen 120 that is opposite to the fixed platen 110. Figure 3 to Figure 7 As shown, the movable platen 120 rotatably supports a rotating shaft 571 of the rotating table 520 via a bearing 572 .

[0047] The rotating table 520 is rotatably mounted on the movable platen 120. The rotation centerline 520X of the rotating table 520 is parallel to the mold opening and closing direction. Figure 7 As shown, the rotating table 520 includes a mold mounting portion 521, a disk portion 523 supporting the mold mounting portion 521 from behind, and a cylindrical portion 524 extending backward from the outer periphery of the disk portion 523. A movable mold 820 is mounted on the surface of the mold mounting portion 521 facing the fixed platen 110.

[0048] Rotating mechanism 530 (reference Figure 7 ) rotates the rotating table 520. The rotating mechanism 530 includes a rotating motor 531 and a transmission mechanism 532 for transmitting the rotational driving force of the rotating motor 531 to the rotating table 520. The transmission mechanism 532 is composed of, for example, a driving gear 533, an intermediate gear 534, and a driven gear 535. The driving gear 533 and the driven gear 535 may be connected to each other without providing the intermediate gear 534.

[0049] The rotating mechanism 530 rotates the rotating platform 520 to a first rotation angle and a second rotation angle. Figure 3 As shown, the first rotation angle is the rotation angle at which the first fixed molding surface 811 and the first movable molding surface 821 form the first cavity space 801 and the second fixed molding surface 812 and the second movable molding surface 822 form the second cavity space 802. The first rotation angle is, for example, 0°. On the other hand, Figure 5As shown, the second rotation angle is a rotation angle at which the first fixed molding surface 811 and the second movable molding surface 822 form the first cavity space 801 and the second fixed molding surface 812 and the first movable molding surface 821 form the second cavity space 802. The second rotation angle is, for example, 180°.

[0050] Each time the rotating table 520 rotates 180°, the rotating direction of the rotating table 520 can be reversed. For example, the rotating mechanism 530 rotates the rotating table 520 180° clockwise and then rotates the rotating table 520 180° counterclockwise. Since the arrangement of the wiring and piping fixed to the rotating table 520 is restored to the original state, the handling of the wiring and piping is easy.

[0051] like Figure 3 As shown, if the mold is closed when the rotation angle of the rotary table 520 is the first rotation angle, the first fixed molding surface 811 and the first movable molding surface 821 form the first cavity space 801, and the second fixed molding surface 812 and the second movable molding surface 822 form the second cavity space 802. The molding material is supplied from the first injection device 301 to the first cavity space 801 to mold the first molded product 21. Next, the mold is opened.

[0052] Then, if Figure 4 As shown, the first ejector 201 ejects the first waste product 23 from the movable mold 820. The first waste product 23 and the first molded product 21 are solidified inside the mold device 800. At this time, the first molded product 21 is not ejected from the movable mold 820. Next, the rotating mechanism 530 rotates the rotating table 520 180 degrees. At this time, the first molded product 21 rotates 180 degrees together with the movable mold 820. Then, as shown in FIG. Figure 5 As shown, the mold is closed.

[0053] like Figure 5 As shown, if the mold is closed when the rotation angle of the rotating table 520 is the second rotation angle, the first fixed molding surface 811 and the second movable molding surface 822 form the first cavity space 801, and the second fixed molding surface 812 and the first movable molding surface 821 form the second cavity space 802. The first molded product 21 is arranged in a part of the second cavity space 802. The molding material is supplied from the second injection device 302 to the remaining part of the second cavity space 802 to mold the second molded product 22. The second molded product 22 is described as a molded product including the first molded product 21. The first molded product 21 is molded in parallel with the molding of the second molded product 22. The first molded product 21 is molded in the first cavity space 801. Next, the mold is opened.

[0054] Then, if Figure 6As shown, the second ejector 202 ejects both the second molded product 22 and the second waste product 24 from the movable mold 820. The second waste product 24 is solidified together with the second molded product 22 inside the mold device 800. After the second waste product 24 is ejected from the movable mold 820, it is separated from the second molded product 22. The first waste product 23 is ejected in parallel with the ejection of the second molded product 22 and the second waste product 24. Then, the mold is opened, and the rotating table 520 is rotated 180 degrees again.

[0055] like Figure 3 and Figure 5 As shown, the movable platen 120 mainly comprises: a front panel 121, which supports the rotating table 520 so that it can rotate freely; an intermediate block 124, which is arranged on the radial inner side of the cylindrical portion 524 of the rotating table 520; a rear block 126, which is arranged behind the intermediate block 124; and a toggle rod mounting portion 128 (refer to Figure 7 ), which is arranged on the rear end face of the rear block 126. The front panel 121, the middle block 124, the rear block 126 and the toggle rod mounting portion 128 may be formed and connected separately, or may be integrally formed by casting or the like.

[0056] The front panel 121 supports the rotating table 520 so as to be rotatable. A first rod hole 122 is formed on the front panel 121 and penetrates the front panel 121 in the mold opening and closing direction. A first ejector rod 211 is arranged in the first rod hole 122 so as to be able to move forward and backward. In addition, a second rod hole 123 is formed on the front panel 121 and penetrates the front panel 121 in the mold opening and closing direction. A second ejector rod 212 is arranged in the second rod hole 123 so as to be able to move forward and backward.

[0057] The intermediate block 124 is arranged radially inside the cylindrical portion 524 of the rotating table 520. When viewed from the mold opening and closing direction, the intermediate block 124 has, for example, a cylindrical shape accommodated inside the cylindrical portion 524 of the rotating table 520. A space for arranging the first ejection device 201 and a space for arranging the second ejection device 202 are formed inside the intermediate block 124. A front panel 121 is mounted on the front end surface of the intermediate block 124. An insertion hole 127 is formed on the front panel 121 and the intermediate block 124, into which the rotating shaft 571 of the rotating table 520 is inserted via a bearing 572.

[0058] The rear block 126 is disposed behind the intermediate block 124. The rear block 126 has a rectangular shape, for example. A space for disposing the first ejector 201 and a space for disposing the second ejector 202 are formed inside the rear block 126. The intermediate block 124 is mounted on the front end surface of the rear block 126.

[0059] A pair of toggle lever mounting portions 128 are provided on the rear end surface of the rear block 126 at intervals in the vertical direction (see Figure 7The pair of toggle rod mounting parts 128 are provided with a plurality of toggle rod mounting plates with the plate thickness direction facing the horizontal direction at intervals in the horizontal direction. The plurality of toggle rod mounting plates protrude rearward from the rear end surface of the rear block 126, and have a pin hole 129 at the front end thereof. The pin is inserted through the pin hole 129, and the first connecting rod 152 (refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 ) is mounted on the toggle lever mounting portion 128 via a pin so as to be swingable.

[0060] Moving mechanism 102 (reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 ) The mold device 800 is closed, pressurized, clamped, depressurized, and opened by moving the movable platen 120 forward and backward relative to the fixed platen 110. The moving mechanism 102 comprises: a toggle seat 130, which is arranged with a gap between the fixed platen 110; a connecting rod 140, which connects the fixed platen 110 and the toggle seat 130; a toggle mechanism 150, which moves the movable platen 120 relative to the toggle seat 130 in the mold opening and closing direction; a clamping motor 160, which operates the toggle mechanism 150; a motion conversion mechanism 170, which converts the rotational motion of the clamping motor 160 into a linear motion; and a mold thickness adjustment mechanism 180, which adjusts the gap between the fixed platen 110 and the toggle seat 130.

[0061] The toggle seat 130 is arranged at a distance from the fixed platen 110 and is placed on the mold clamping device frame 910 so as to be movable in the mold opening and closing direction. In addition, the toggle seat 130 can be arranged so as to be movable along a guide member laid on the mold clamping device frame 910. The guide member of the toggle seat 130 can be common to the guide member 101 of the movable platen 120.

[0062] In addition, in the present embodiment, the fixed pressure plate 110 is fixed to the mold clamping device frame 910, and the elbow seat 130 is configured to be freely movable relative to the mold clamping device frame 910 in the mold opening and closing direction, but the elbow seat 130 may also be fixed to the mold clamping device frame 910, and the fixed pressure plate 110 may be configured to be freely movable relative to the mold clamping device frame 910 in the mold opening and closing direction.

[0063] The connecting rod 140 connects the fixed platen 110 and the toggle seat 130 at a distance L in the mold opening and closing direction. A plurality of connecting rods 140 (for example, four) may be used. The plurality of connecting rods 140 are arranged parallel to the mold opening and closing direction and extend according to the mold clamping force. A connecting rod strain detector 141 for detecting the strain of the connecting rod 140 may be provided on at least one of the connecting rods 140. The connecting rod strain detector 141 sends a signal indicating its detection result to the control device 700. The detection result of the connecting rod strain detector 141 is used for detecting the mold clamping force, etc.

[0064] In addition, in this embodiment, the tie rod strain detector 141 is used as the mold clamping force detector for detecting the mold clamping force, but the present invention is not limited to this. The mold clamping force detector is not limited to the strain type, and can also be a piezoelectric type, a capacitive type, a hydraulic type, an electromagnetic type, etc., and its installation position is not limited to the tie rod 140.

[0065] The toggle mechanism 150 is disposed between the movable platen 120 and the toggle seat 130, and moves the movable platen 120 in the mold opening and closing direction relative to the toggle seat 130. The toggle mechanism 150 includes a crosshead 151 that moves in the mold opening and closing direction and a pair of link groups that are bent and extended by the movement of the crosshead 151. The pair of link groups each includes a first link 152 and a second link 153 that are connected by pins or the like so as to be able to be bent and extended. The first link 152 is mounted by pins or the like so as to be able to swing freely relative to the movable platen 120. The second link 153 is mounted by pins or the like so as to be able to swing freely relative to the toggle seat 130. The second link 153 is mounted to the crosshead 151 via the third link 154. When the crosshead 151 is moved forward and backward relative to the toggle seat 130, the first link 152 and the second link 153 are bent and extended, and the movable platen 120 is moved forward and backward relative to the toggle seat 130.

[0066] In addition, the structure of the toggle mechanism 150 is not limited to Figure 1 and Figure 2 For example, in Figure 1 and Figure 2 In the embodiment, the number of nodes of each link group is five, but may be four, or one end of the third link 154 may be connected to a node between the first link 152 and the second link 153 .

[0067] The mold clamping motor 160 is mounted on the toggle base 130 to operate the toggle mechanism 150. The mold clamping motor 160 causes the cross head 151 to move forward and backward relative to the toggle base 130 to bend and extend the first link 152 and the second link 153, thereby causing the movable platen 120 to move forward and backward relative to the toggle base 130. The mold clamping motor 160 is directly connected to the motion conversion mechanism 170, but may also be connected to the motion conversion mechanism 170 via a belt, a pulley, or the like.

[0068] The motion conversion mechanism 170 converts the rotational motion of the mold clamping motor 160 into the linear motion of the cross head 151. The motion conversion mechanism 170 includes a screw shaft and a screw nut screwed with the screw shaft. Balls or rollers may exist between the screw shaft and the screw nut.

[0069] The mold clamping device 100, under the control of the control device 700, performs a mold closing process, a pressure increasing process, a mold clamping process, a pressure releasing process, a mold opening process, and a mold rotation process. The mold rotation process is performed after the mold opening process is completed and before the next mold closing process begins. In the present embodiment, the mold rotation process is performed after the ejection process is completed, but it may also be performed before the ejection process is completed. For example, when the molding position of the second molded product 22 is different from the ejection position of the second molded product 22, the mold rotation process is performed after the mold opening process is completed, and then the ejection process is performed. Specifically, for example, when the molding position of the second molded product 22 is the operating side and the ejection position of the second molded product 22 is the opposite side of the operating side, the mold rotation process is performed after the mold opening process is completed, and then the ejection process is performed.

[0070] In the mold closing process, the mold clamping motor 160 is driven to move the crosshead 151 to the mold closing completion position at a set moving speed to move the movable platen 120 forward, thereby bringing the movable mold 820 into contact with the fixed mold 810. For example, the position and moving speed of the crosshead 151 are detected using a mold clamping motor encoder 161. The mold clamping motor encoder 161 detects the rotation of the mold clamping motor 160 and sends a signal indicating the detection result to the control device 700.

[0071] In addition, the crosshead position detector for detecting the position of the crosshead 151 and the crosshead moving speed detector for detecting the moving speed of the crosshead 151 are not limited to the mold clamping motor encoder 161, and a general detector can be used. In addition, the movable platen position detector for detecting the position of the movable platen 120 and the movable platen moving speed detector for detecting the moving speed of the movable platen 120 are not limited to the mold clamping motor encoder 161, and a general detector can be used.

[0072] In the pressure increasing step, the mold clamping motor 160 is further driven to cause the cross head 151 to further move forward from the mold closing completion position to the mold clamping position, thereby generating a mold clamping force.

[0073] In the mold clamping process, the mold clamping motor 160 is driven to maintain the position of the cross head 151 at the mold clamping position. In the mold clamping process, the mold clamping force generated in the pressurization process is maintained. In the mold clamping process, a first cavity space 801 and a second cavity space 802 are formed in the mold device 800.

[0074] In the depressurization process, the mold clamping motor 160 is driven to retract the crosshead 151 from the mold clamping position to the mold opening start position to retract the movable platen 120, thereby reducing the mold clamping force. The mold opening start position and the mold closing completion position may be the same position.

[0075] In the mold opening process, the mold clamping motor 160 is driven to retract the crosshead 151 from the mold opening start position to the mold opening completion position at a set moving speed to retract the movable platen 120 , thereby separating the movable mold 820 from the fixed mold 810 .

[0076] The ejection process is performed after the mold opening process is completed and before the next mold closing process is started. In the ejection process, the first ejection device 201 ejects the first waste product 23 from the movable mold 820. The first molded product 21 solidified together with the first waste product 23 is not ejected. In addition, in the ejection process, the second ejection device 202 ejects both the second molded product 22 and the second waste product 24 from the movable mold 820. The mold rotation process is performed after the ejection process is completed and before the next mold closing process is started.

[0077] In the mold rotating step, the rotating table 520 is rotated to rotate the first molded product 21 together with the movable mold 820. Then, the first molded product 21 is arranged in a part of the second cavity space 802 by performing the mold closing step and the pressure increasing step.

[0078] The setting conditions in the mold closing process, the pressure increasing process and the mold clamping process are set together as a series of setting conditions. For example, the moving speed, position (including the mold closing start position, the moving speed switching position, the mold closing completion position and the mold clamping position) and the mold clamping force of the crosshead 151 in the mold closing process and the pressure increasing process are set together as a series of setting conditions. The mold closing start position, the moving speed switching position, the mold closing completion position and the mold clamping position are arranged in sequence from the back to the front, and indicate the starting point and end point of the interval for setting the moving speed. The moving speed is set for each interval. The moving speed switching position can be one or more. The moving speed switching position can also be not set. Only one of the mold clamping position and the mold clamping force can be set.

[0079] The setting conditions in the pressure release process and the mold opening process are also set in the same way. For example, the moving speed and position (mold opening start position, moving speed switching position and mold opening completion position) of the crosshead 151 in the pressure release process and the mold opening process are set together as a series of setting conditions. The mold opening start position, the moving speed switching position and the mold opening completion position are arranged in sequence from the front to the back, and represent the starting point and end point of the interval for setting the moving speed. The moving speed is set for each interval. The moving speed switching position can be one or more. The moving speed switching position can also be not set. The mold opening start position and the mold closing completion position can be the same position. In addition, the mold opening completion position and the mold closing start position can be the same position.

[0080] Alternatively, the moving speed and position of the movable platen 120 may be set instead of the moving speed and position of the crosshead 151. Furthermore, the mold clamping force may be set instead of the position of the crosshead (eg, mold clamping position) and the position of the movable platen.

[0081] However, the toggle mechanism 150 amplifies the driving force of the mold clamping motor 160 and transmits it to the movable platen 120. The amplification factor is also called the toggle magnification. The toggle magnification changes according to the angle θ (hereinafter also referred to as "link angle θ") formed by the first link 152 and the second link 153. The link angle θ is calculated according to the position of the crosshead 151. When the link angle θ is 180°, the toggle magnification is maximum.

[0082] When the thickness of the mold device 800 changes due to replacement of the mold device 800 or temperature change of the mold device 800, mold thickness adjustment is performed to obtain a predetermined mold clamping force when the mold is clamped. In the mold thickness adjustment, for example, the interval L between the fixed platen 110 and the toggle seat 130 is adjusted so that the link angle θ of the toggle mechanism 150 becomes a predetermined angle at the time of mold contact between the movable mold 820 and the fixed mold 810.

[0083] The mold clamping device 100 has a mold thickness adjustment mechanism 180. The mold thickness adjustment mechanism 180 adjusts the mold thickness by adjusting the interval L between the fixed platen 110 and the toggle seat 130. In addition, the mold thickness adjustment is performed, for example, during the period from the end of the molding cycle to the start of the next molding cycle. The mold thickness adjustment mechanism 180 has, for example: a screw shaft 181 formed at the rear end of the connecting rod 140; a screw nut 182 that is held on the toggle seat 130 so as to be rotatable and unable to move forward and backward; and a mold thickness adjustment motor 183 that rotates the screw nut 182 that is threaded with the screw shaft 181.

[0084] A lead screw shaft 181 and a lead screw nut 182 are provided for each connecting rod 140. The rotational driving force of the mold thickness adjustment motor 183 can be transmitted to the plurality of lead screw nuts 182 via the rotational driving force transmission unit 185. The plurality of lead screw nuts 182 can be rotated synchronously. In addition, the plurality of lead screw nuts 182 can be rotated individually by changing the transmission path of the rotational driving force transmission unit 185.

[0085] The rotational driving force transmission part 185 is composed of, for example, gears. In this case, a driven gear is formed on the outer periphery of each lead screw nut 182, a driving gear is mounted on the output shaft of the mold thickness adjustment motor 183, and an intermediate gear meshing with the plurality of driven gears and the driving gear is held rotatably at the center of the toggle seat 130. In addition, the rotational driving force transmission part 185 may be composed of a belt, a pulley, etc. instead of a gear.

[0086] The operation of the mold thickness adjustment mechanism 180 is controlled by the control device 700. The control device 700 drives the mold thickness adjustment motor 183 to rotate the lead screw nut 182. As a result, the position of the toggle seat 130 relative to the connecting rod 140 is adjusted, and the interval L between the fixed platen 110 and the toggle seat 130 is adjusted. In addition, a plurality of mold thickness adjustment mechanisms may be used in combination.

[0087] The mold thickness adjustment motor encoder 184 is used to detect the interval L. The mold thickness adjustment motor encoder 184 detects the rotation amount and rotation direction of the mold thickness adjustment motor 183, and sends a signal indicating the detection result to the control device 700. The detection result of the mold thickness adjustment motor encoder 184 is used to monitor and control the position of the toggle seat 130 and the interval L. In addition, the toggle seat position detector for detecting the position of the toggle seat 130 and the interval detector for detecting the interval L are not limited to the mold thickness adjustment motor encoder 184, and a common detector can be used.

[0088] The mold clamping device 100 may include a mold temperature regulator for regulating the temperature of the mold device 800. The mold device 800 includes a flow path of a temperature regulating medium therein. The mold temperature regulator regulates the temperature of the mold device 800 by regulating the temperature of the temperature regulating medium supplied to the flow path of the mold device 800.

[0089] Furthermore, the mold clamping device 100 of the present embodiment is a horizontal type in which the mold opening and closing direction is the horizontal direction, but may be a vertical type in which the mold opening and closing direction is the vertical direction.

[0090] The mold clamping device 100 of this embodiment includes the mold clamping motor 160 as a driving unit, but may include a hydraulic cylinder instead of the mold clamping motor 160. Furthermore, the mold clamping device 100 may include a linear motor for mold opening and closing, and may include an electromagnet for mold clamping.

[0091] (1st ejector device and 2nd ejector device)

[0092] In the description of the first ejection device 201 and the second ejection device 202, similar to the description of the mold clamping device 100, the moving direction of the movable platen 120 when the mold is closed (for example, the positive direction of the X-axis) is set to the front, and the moving direction of the movable platen 120 when the mold is opened (for example, the negative direction of the X-axis) is set to the rear.

[0093] The first ejector 201 and the second ejector 202 are mounted on the movable platen 120 and move forward and backward together with the movable platen 120. The first ejector 201 ejects the first waste product 23 from the movable mold 820. At this time, the first ejector 201 does not eject the first molded product 21 solidified together with the first waste product 23. The second ejector 202 ejects both the second molded product 22 and the second waste product 24 from the movable mold 820.

[0094] The first ejector 201 and the second ejector 202 are arranged at intervals in the Y-axis direction. This is because the first cavity space 801 and the second cavity space 802 are arranged at intervals in the Y-axis direction. For example, the first cavity space 801 and the first ejector 201 are arranged on the operation side. And, the second cavity space 802 and the second ejector 202 are arranged on the side opposite to the operation side. Thus, the second molded product 22 can be taken out to the side opposite to the operation side.

[0095] Next, the main reference Figure 4 The first ejector device 201 and its operation are described. The first ejector device 201 has a first ejector rod 211 that pushes only the first movable part 840 of the first movable part 840 and the second movable part 850. The first ejector rod 211 is not connected to the first movable part 840. The first ejector rod 211 can be pulled out from the rotating table 520, and the rotating table 520 can be rotated.

[0096] The first ejection device 201 has a first drive mechanism 220 that advances and retreats the first ejection rod 211. The first drive mechanism 220 has, for example, a first ejection motor 221, a first crosshead 223, and a first motion conversion mechanism 225 that converts the rotational motion of the first ejection motor 221 into the linear motion of the first crosshead 223.

[0097] The first motion conversion mechanism 225 includes a screw shaft and a screw nut screwed with the screw shaft. Balls or rollers may exist between the screw shaft and the screw nut. The first crosshead 223 moves in the mold opening and closing direction along the first guide rod 224. The rear end of the first ejector rod 211 is mounted on the first crosshead 223, and the first ejector rod 211 moves forward and backward together with the first crosshead 223.

[0098] like Figure 4 As shown in FIG. 1 , when the first driving mechanism 220 advances the first ejector rod 211, the first ejector rod 211 passes through the through hole 823a of the movable mounting plate 823 and the through hole 851a of the second ejector plate 851, and pushes the first ejector plate 841 forward. As a result, the first ejector plate 841 advances against the force of the first return spring 843. Therefore, the first ejector pin 842 advances, and the first scrap 23 is ejected from the fixing portion 830.

[0099] like Figure 4 As shown, while the first ejector plate 841 is advanced by the first driving mechanism 220 and the first ejector rod 211, the second ejector plate 851 is held at the retreat limit position by the force of the second return spring 853 and does not advance. Therefore, when the first scrap 23 is ejected from the fixing portion 830, the first molded product 21 is not ejected from the fixing portion 830.

[0100] Then, when the first driving mechanism 220 moves the first ejector rod 211 backward, the first ejector plate 841 moves backward to the backward limit position due to the force of the first return spring 843. When the first ejector plate 841 reaches the backward limit position, the front end surface of the first ejector pin 842 and the front end surface of the fixing portion 830 are on the same plane.

[0101] The control device 700 controls the position of the first ejector rod 211 when the first ejector rod 211 is moved forward and backward. The position of the first ejector rod 211 is detected using, for example, the first ejector motor encoder 222. The first ejector motor encoder 222 detects the rotation of the first ejector motor 221 and sends a signal indicating the detection result to the control device 700. In addition, the first ejector rod position detector that detects the position of the first ejector rod 211 is not limited to the first ejector motor encoder 222, and a general detector can be used.

[0102] Next, the main reference Figure 6 The second ejector device 202 and its operation are described. The second ejector device 202 includes a second ejector rod 212 that pushes the first movable portion 840 and the second movable portion 850. The second ejector rod 212 is not connected to the first movable portion 840 and the second movable portion 850. The second ejector rod 212 can be pulled out from the rotating table 520, and the rotating table 520 can be rotated.

[0103] The second ejection device 202 has a second drive mechanism 230 that advances and retreats the second ejection rod 212. The second drive mechanism 230 has, for example, a second ejection motor 231, a second crosshead 233, and a second motion conversion mechanism 235 that converts the rotational motion of the second ejection motor 231 into the linear motion of the second crosshead 233.

[0104] The second motion conversion mechanism 235 includes a screw shaft and a screw nut screwed with the screw shaft. Balls or rollers may exist between the screw shaft and the screw nut. The second crosshead 233 moves in the mold opening and closing direction along the second guide rod 234. The rear end of the second ejector rod 212 is mounted on the second crosshead 233, and the second ejector rod 212 moves forward and backward together with the second crosshead 233.

[0105] like Figure 6 As shown in FIG. 1 , if the second driving mechanism 230 moves the second ejector rod 212 forward, the second ejector rod 212 passes through the through hole 823a of the movable mounting plate 823 and pushes the edge of the through hole 851a of the second ejector plate 851 forward. As a result, the second ejector plate 851 moves forward against the force of the second return spring 853. Therefore, the second ejector pin 852 moves forward and ejects the second molded product 22 from the fixed portion 830.

[0106] While the second driving mechanism 230 and the second ejection rod 212 advance the second ejection plate 851, the first ejection plate 841 advances against the biasing force of the first return spring 843. Therefore, the first ejection pin 842 advances to eject the second scrap 24 from the fixing portion 830.

[0107] Then, when the second driving mechanism 230 moves the second ejector rod 212 backward, the second ejector plate 851 moves backward to the backward limit position due to the force of the second return spring 853. When the second ejector plate 851 reaches the backward limit position, the front end surface of the second ejector pin 852 and the front end surface of the fixing portion 830 are on the same plane.

[0108] While the second ejector plate 851 is retreating, the first ejector plate 841 retreats to the retreat limit position due to the biasing force of the first return spring 843. When the first ejector plate 841 reaches the retreat limit position, the front end surface of the first ejector pin 842 and the front end surface of the fixing portion 830 are on the same plane.

[0109] The control device 700 controls the position of the second ejector rod 212 when the second ejector rod 212 is moved forward and backward. The position of the second ejector rod 212 is detected using, for example, the second ejector motor encoder 232. The second ejector motor encoder 232 detects the rotation of the second ejector motor 231 and sends a signal indicating the detection result to the control device 700. In addition, the second ejector rod position detector that detects the position of the second ejector rod 212 is not limited to the second ejector motor encoder 232, and a general detector can be used.

[0110] (First injection device and second injection device)

[0111] In the description of the first injection device 301 and the second injection device 302, unlike the description of the mold clamping device 100, etc., the moving direction of the screw 330 during filling (for example, the negative direction of the X-axis) is set to the front, and the moving direction of the screw 330 during metering (for example, the positive direction of the X-axis) is set to the rear for description.

[0112] The first injection device 301 is provided on the first slide base 303, and the first slide base 303 is configured to be able to move forward and backward relative to the injection device frame 920. The first injection device 301 is configured to be able to move forward and backward relative to the mold device 800. The first injection device 301 contacts the mold device 800 and injects the molding material into the interior of the mold device 800, thereby filling the first cavity space 801 with the molding material.

[0113] The second injection device 302 is provided on the second slide base, and the second slide base is configured to be able to move forward and backward relative to the injection device frame 920. The second injection device 302 is configured to be able to move forward and backward relative to the mold device 800. The second injection device 302 contacts the mold device 800 and injects the molding material into the interior of the mold device 800, thereby filling the second cavity space 802 with the molding material.

[0114] The first injection device 301 and the second injection device 302 are arranged at intervals in the Y-axis direction. This is because the first cavity space 801 and the second cavity space 802 are arranged at intervals in the Y-axis direction. The molding material filled in the first cavity space 801 by the first injection device 301 and the molding material filled in the second cavity space 802 by the second injection device 302 can be different materials or the same material.

[0115] The first injection device 301 and the second injection device 302 are configured in the same manner. Therefore, the configuration of the first injection device 301 will be described below, and the configuration of the second injection device 302 will be omitted.

[0116] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the first injection device 301, for example, has a cylinder 310 for heating a molding material, a nozzle 320 provided at the front end of the cylinder 310, a screw 330 configured to rotate freely and move forward and backward in the cylinder 310, a metering motor 340 for rotating the screw 330, an injection motor 350 for moving the screw 330 forward and backward, and a load detector 360 for detecting a load transmitted between the injection motor 350 and the screw 330.

[0117] The cylinder 310 heats the molding material supplied from the supply port 311. The molding material includes, for example, resin. The molding material is formed into, for example, granules and supplied to the supply port 311 in a solid state. The supply port 311 is formed at the rear of the cylinder 310. A cooler 312 such as a water-cooled cylinder is provided on the periphery of the rear of the cylinder 310. A heater 313 such as a belt heater and a temperature detector 314 are provided on the periphery of the cylinder 310 in front of the cooler 312.

[0118] The cylinder 310 is divided into a plurality of regions along the axial direction (e.g., the X-axis direction) of the cylinder 310. Heaters 313 and temperature detectors 314 are respectively provided in the plurality of regions. Set temperatures are respectively set for the plurality of regions, and the control device 700 controls the heater 313 so that the detected temperature of the temperature detector 314 becomes the set temperature.

[0119] The nozzle 320 is provided at the front end of the cylinder 310 and is pressed by the mold device 800. A heater 313 and a temperature detector 314 are provided on the outer periphery of the nozzle 320. The control device 700 controls the heater 313 so that the detected temperature of the nozzle 320 becomes a set temperature.

[0120] The screw 330 is configured to be able to rotate freely and to move forward and backward freely in the cylinder 310. When the screw 330 is rotated, the molding material is transported forward along the spiral groove of the screw 330. While the molding material is transported forward, it is gradually melted by the heat from the cylinder 310. As the liquid molding material is transported forward to the front of the screw 330 and accumulated in the front part of the cylinder 310, the screw 330 is retracted. Then, when the screw 330 is advanced, the liquid molding material accumulated in front of the screw 330 is injected from the nozzle 320 and filled in the mold device 800.

[0121] A check ring 331 is installed at the front of the screw 330 so as to be able to move forward and backward. The check ring 331 serves as a check valve to prevent the molding material from flowing backward from the front to the rear of the screw 330 when the screw 330 is pushed forward.

[0122] When the screw 330 is advanced, the check ring 331 is pushed backward by the pressure of the molding material in front of the screw 330, and thus retreats relatively to the screw 330 to a closed position that blocks the flow path of the molding material (see FIG. Figure 2 ). Thus, the molding material accumulated in front of the screw 330 is prevented from flowing backward.

[0123] On the other hand, when the screw 330 is rotated, the check ring 331 is pushed forward by the pressure of the molding material conveyed to the front along the spiral groove of the screw 330, and moves forward relative to the screw 330 to an open position (refer to Figure 1 ). As a result, the molding material is transported to the front of the screw 330.

[0124] The check ring 331 may be either a co-rotating type that rotates together with the screw 330 or a non-co-rotating type that does not rotate together with the screw 330 .

[0125] In addition, the first injection device 301 may include a driving source for moving the check ring 331 forward and backward relative to the screw 330 between the open position and the closed position.

[0126] The metering motor 340 rotates the screw 330. The driving source for rotating the screw 330 is not limited to the metering motor 340, and may be, for example, a hydraulic pump or the like.

[0127] The injection motor 350 moves the screw 330 forward and backward. A motion conversion mechanism that converts the rotational motion of the injection motor 350 into the linear motion of the screw 330 is provided between the injection motor 350 and the screw 330. The motion conversion mechanism includes, for example, a screw shaft and a screw nut screwed with the screw shaft. Balls and rollers may be provided between the screw shaft and the screw nut. The driving source that moves the screw 330 forward and backward is not limited to the injection motor 350, and may be, for example, a hydraulic cylinder.

[0128] The load detector 360 detects the load transmitted between the injection motor 350 and the screw 330. The detected load is converted into pressure by the control device 700. The load detector 360 is provided on the transmission path of the load between the injection motor 350 and the screw 330, and detects the load acting on the load detector 360.

[0129] The load detector 360 sends a signal of the detected load to the control device 700. The load detected by the load detector 360 is converted into a pressure acting between the screw 330 and the molding material, and is used to control and monitor the pressure on the screw 330 from the molding material, the back pressure on the screw 330, and the pressure acting on the molding material from the screw 330.

[0130] In addition, the pressure detector for detecting the pressure of the molding material is not limited to the load detector 360, and a common detector can be used. For example, a nozzle pressure sensor or a mold internal pressure sensor can be used. The nozzle pressure sensor is provided at the nozzle 320. The mold internal pressure sensor is provided inside the mold device 800.

[0131] The first injection device 301 performs a metering process, a filling process, a pressure holding process, etc. under the control of the control device 700. The filling process and the pressure holding process can be collectively referred to as an injection process.

[0132] In the metering process, the metering motor 340 is driven to rotate the screw 330 at a set speed, so that the molding material is transported to the front along the spiral groove of the screw 330. As a result, the molding material is gradually melted. As the liquid molding material is transported to the front of the screw 330 and accumulated in the front part of the cylinder 310, the screw 330 is retracted. For example, the rotation speed of the screw 330 is detected using a metering motor encoder 341. The metering motor encoder 341 detects the rotation of the metering motor 340 and sends a signal indicating its detection result to the control device 700. In addition, the screw speed detector that detects the rotation speed of the screw 330 is not limited to the metering motor encoder 341, and a common detector can be used.

[0133] In order to prevent the screw 330 from retreating rapidly during the metering process, the injection motor 350 may be driven to apply a set back pressure to the screw 330. For example, the back pressure on the screw 330 is detected using the load detector 360. When the screw 330 retreats to the metering completion position and a predetermined amount of molding material is accumulated in front of the screw 330, the metering process is completed.

[0134] The position and speed of the screw 330 in the metering process are set together as a series of setting conditions. For example, the metering start position, the speed switching position and the metering completion position are set. These positions are arranged in sequence from the front to the back, and represent the starting point and the end point of the interval for setting the speed. The speed is set for each interval. The speed switching position can be one or more. The speed switching position can also be not set. In addition, the back pressure is set for each interval.

[0135] In the filling process, the injection motor 350 is driven to make the screw 330 move forward at a set moving speed, and the liquid molding material accumulated in front of the screw 330 is filled into the first cavity space 801 in the mold device 800. For example, the position and moving speed of the screw 330 are detected using the injection motor encoder 351. The injection motor encoder 351 detects the rotation of the injection motor 350 and sends a signal indicating its detection result to the control device 700. If the position of the screw 330 reaches the set position, a switch is made from the filling process to the pressure holding process (so-called V / P switching). The position where the V / P switching is performed is also referred to as the V / P switching position. The set moving speed of the screw 330 can be changed according to the position and time of the screw 330, etc.

[0136] The position and moving speed of the screw 330 in the filling process are set as a series of setting conditions. For example, the filling start position (also called the "injection start position"), the moving speed switching position and the V / P switching position are set. These positions are arranged in sequence from the back to the front, and represent the starting point and the end point of the interval for setting the moving speed. The moving speed is set for each interval. The moving speed switching position can be one or more. The moving speed switching position can also be not set.

[0137] The upper limit value of the pressure of the screw 330 is set for each interval of the moving speed of the screw 330. The pressure of the screw 330 is detected by the load detector 360. When the pressure of the screw 330 is below the set pressure, the screw 330 moves forward at the set moving speed. On the other hand, when the pressure of the screw 330 exceeds the set pressure, the screw 330 moves forward at a moving speed slower than the set moving speed for the purpose of protecting the mold so that the pressure of the screw 330 becomes below the set pressure.

[0138] In addition, in the filling process, after the position of the screw 330 reaches the V / P switching position, the screw 330 may be temporarily stopped at the V / P switching position, and then the V / P switching may be performed. Alternatively, the screw 330 may be moved forward or backward at a slow speed instead of stopping the screw 330 just before the V / P switching. Furthermore, the screw position detector for detecting the position of the screw 330 and the screw moving speed detector for detecting the moving speed of the screw 330 are not limited to the injection motor encoder 351, and a common detector may be used.

[0139] In the pressure holding process, the injection motor 350 is driven to push the screw 330 forward, the pressure of the molding material at the front end of the screw 330 (hereinafter also referred to as "holding pressure") is maintained at the set pressure, and the molding material remaining in the cylinder 310 is pushed toward the mold device 800. The insufficient amount of molding material caused by the cooling shrinkage in the mold device 800 can be supplemented. For example, the holding pressure is detected using a load detector 360. The setting value of the holding pressure can be changed according to the elapsed time from the start of the pressure holding process. The holding pressure and the holding time of the holding pressure in the pressure holding process can be set separately in multiples, or can be set together as a series of setting conditions.

[0140] During the pressure holding process, the molding material in the first cavity space 801 in the mold device 800 is gradually cooled, and when the pressure holding process is completed, the entrance of the first cavity space 801 is blocked by the solidified molding material. This state is called gate sealing, which prevents the backflow of the molding material from the first cavity space 801. After the pressure holding process, the cooling process begins. During the cooling process, the molding material in the first cavity space 801 is solidified. In order to shorten the molding cycle time, a metering process can be performed during the cooling process.

[0141] In addition, the first injection device 301 of the present embodiment is a coaxial screw type, but it can also be a screw pre-plasticization type. The injection device of the pre-plasticization type supplies the molding material melted in the plasticizing cylinder to the injection cylinder, and injects the molding material from the injection cylinder into the mold device. In the plasticizing cylinder, the screw is configured to be able to rotate freely and cannot move forward or backward, or the screw is configured to be able to rotate freely and move forward and backward freely. On the other hand, in the injection cylinder, the plunger is configured to move forward and backward freely.

[0142] Furthermore, the first injection device 301 of the present embodiment is a horizontal type in which the axial direction of the cylinder body 310 is in the horizontal direction, but it may be a vertical type in which the axial direction of the cylinder body 310 is in the up-down direction. The mold clamping device combined with the vertical first injection device 301 may be a vertical type or a horizontal type. Similarly, the mold clamping device combined with the horizontal first injection device 301 may be a horizontal type or a vertical type.

[0143] (First moving device and second moving device)

[0144] In the description of the first moving device 401 and the second moving device (not shown), similar to the description of the first injection device 301 and the second injection device 302, the moving direction of the screw 330 during filling (for example, the negative direction of the X-axis) is set to the front, and the moving direction of the screw 330 during metering (for example, the positive direction of the X-axis) is set to the rear.

[0145] The first moving device 401 moves the first injection device 301 forward and backward relative to the mold device 800. In addition, the first moving device 401 presses the nozzle 320 of the first injection device 301 against the mold device 800 to generate nozzle contact pressure.

[0146] The second moving device moves the second injection device 302 forward and backward relative to the mold device 800. In addition, the second moving device presses the nozzle of the second injection device 302 against the mold device 800 to generate nozzle contact pressure.

[0147] The first moving device 401 and the second moving device are arranged with a gap in the Y-axis direction. The first moving device 401 and the second moving device independently advance and retract the first injection device 301 and the second injection device 302 .

[0148] The first moving device 401 and the second moving device are constructed in the same manner. Therefore, the structure of the first moving device 401 will be described below, and the structure of the second moving device will be omitted. Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the first moving device 401 includes a hydraulic pump 410, a motor 420 as a driving source, a hydraulic cylinder 430 as a hydraulic actuator, and the like.

[0149] The hydraulic pump 410 has a first port 411 and a second port 412. The hydraulic pump 410 is a bidirectionally rotatable pump, and generates hydraulic pressure by sucking working fluid (e.g., oil) from one of the first port 411 and the second port 412 and discharging it from the other port by switching the rotation direction of the motor 420. Alternatively, the hydraulic pump 410 can also suck working fluid from a tank and discharge the working fluid from one of the first port 411 and the second port 412.

[0150] The motor 420 operates the hydraulic pump 410. The motor 420 drives the hydraulic pump 410 with a rotation direction and torque corresponding to a control signal from the control device 700. The motor 420 may be an electric motor or an electric servomotor.

[0151] The hydraulic cylinder 430 includes a cylinder body 431, a piston 432, and a piston rod 433. The cylinder body 431 is fixed to the first injection device 301. The piston 432 divides the interior of the cylinder body 431 into a front chamber 435 as a first chamber and a rear chamber 436 as a second chamber. The piston rod 433 is fixed to the fixed platen 110.

[0152] The front chamber 435 of the hydraulic cylinder 430 is connected to the first port 411 of the hydraulic pump 410 via the first flow path 413. The working fluid discharged from the first port 411 is supplied to the front chamber 435 via the first flow path 413, thereby pushing the first injection device 301 forward. The first injection device 301 moves forward and the nozzle 320 of the first injection device 301 is pressed against the fixed mold 810. The front chamber 435 functions as a pressure chamber that generates a nozzle contact pressure of the nozzle 320 by the pressure of the working fluid supplied from the hydraulic pump 410.

[0153] On the other hand, the rear chamber 436 of the hydraulic cylinder 430 is connected to the second port 412 of the hydraulic pump 410 via the second flow path 414. The working fluid discharged from the second port 412 is supplied to the rear chamber 436 of the hydraulic cylinder 430 via the second flow path 414, thereby pushing the first injection device 301 backward. The first injection device 301 retreats and the nozzle 320 of the first injection device 301 is separated from the fixed mold 810.

[0154] In this embodiment, the first moving device 401 includes the hydraulic cylinder 430 , but the present invention is not limited thereto. For example, instead of the hydraulic cylinder 430 , an electric motor and a motion conversion mechanism that converts the rotational motion of the electric motor into the linear motion of the first injection device 301 may be used.

[0155] (Control device)

[0156] The control device 700 is constituted by a computer, for example. Figure 1-2 As shown, the control device 700 has a CPU (Central Processing Unit) 701, a storage medium such as a memory 702, an input interface 703, and an output interface 704. The control device 700 performs various controls by causing the CPU 701 to execute a program stored in the storage medium 702. In addition, the control device 700 receives signals from the outside through the input interface 703 and sends signals to the outside through the output interface 704.

[0157] The control device 700 repeatedly manufactures the first molded product 21 and the second molded product 22 by repeatedly performing the metering process, the mold closing process, the pressure increasing process, the mold clamping process, the filling process, the pressure holding process, the cooling process, the pressure releasing process, the mold opening process, the ejection process, and the mold rotating process. A series of actions for obtaining the first molded product 21 and the second molded product 22, for example, the actions from the start of the metering process to the start of the next metering process, are also referred to as "injection" or "molding cycle". In addition, the time required for one injection is also referred to as "molding cycle time" or "cycle time".

[0158] A molding cycle includes, for example, a metering process, a mold closing process, a pressure increasing process, a mold closing process, a filling process, a pressure holding process, a cooling process, a pressure releasing process, a mold opening process, an ejection process, and a mold rotation process. The order here is the order in which each process starts. The filling process, the pressure holding process, and the cooling process are performed during the mold closing process. The start of the mold closing process can coincide with the start of the filling process. The end of the pressure releasing process coincides with the start of the mold opening process.

[0159] In addition, in order to shorten the molding cycle time, multiple processes can be performed simultaneously. For example, the metering process can be performed during the cooling process of the previous molding cycle, or during the mold closing process. In this case, the mold closing process can be performed at the beginning of the molding cycle. In addition, the filling process can be started during the mold closing process. In addition, the ejection process can be started during the mold opening process. When an on-off valve for opening and closing the flow path of the nozzle 320 is provided, the mold opening process can be started during the metering process. This is because, even if the mold opening process is started during the metering process, as long as the on-off valve closes the flow path of the nozzle 320, the molding material will not leak from the nozzle 320.

[0160] In addition, a molding cycle may have processes other than the metering process, the mold closing process, the pressure increasing process, the mold closing process, the filling process, the pressure holding process, the cooling process, the pressure releasing process, the mold opening process, the ejection process and the mold rotating process.

[0161] For example, after the pressure holding process is completed and before the metering process is started, a pre-metering suction process can be performed to retract the screw 330 to a preset metering start position. The pressure of the molding material accumulated in front of the screw 330 can be reduced before the metering process starts, and the screw 330 can be prevented from retreating sharply when the metering process starts.

[0162] Furthermore, after the metering process is completed and before the filling process is started, a post-metering backsucking process may be performed in which the screw 330 is retracted to a preset filling start position (also referred to as an "injection start position"). The pressure of the molding material accumulated in front of the screw 330 can be reduced before the filling process starts, and leakage of the molding material from the nozzle 320 before the filling process starts can be prevented.

[0163] The control device 700 is connected to an operation device 750 that receives input operations from a user and a display device 760 that displays a screen. The operation device 750 and the display device 760 may be formed of, for example, a touch panel 770 and integrated. The touch panel 770 as the display device 760 displays a screen under the control of the control device 700. On the screen of the touch panel 770, for example, information such as the settings of the injection molding machine 10 and the current state of the injection molding machine 10 may be displayed. In addition, on the screen of the touch panel 770, for example, operation parts such as buttons and input fields that receive input operations from a user may also be displayed. The touch panel 770 as the operation device 750 detects the input operation of the user on the screen and outputs a signal corresponding to the input operation to the control device 700. Thus, for example, the user can operate the operation part set on the screen while confirming the information displayed on the screen to perform settings of the injection molding machine 10 (including input of a set value). In addition, by the user operating the operation part set on the screen, the injection molding machine 10 corresponding to the operation part can be operated. In addition, the operation of the injection molding machine 10 may be, for example, the operation (including stopping) of the mold clamping device 100, the first ejector device 201, the second ejector device 202, the first injection device 301, the second injection device 302, the first moving device 401, and the second moving device (not shown). Furthermore, the operation of the injection molding machine 10 may be switching of the screen displayed on the touch panel 770 as the display device 760.

[0164] In addition, the operating device 750 and the display device 760 of this embodiment are described as being integrated into the touch panel 770, but they may be provided independently. In addition, a plurality of operating devices 750 may be provided. The operating device 750 and the display device 760 are arranged on the operating side (Y-axis negative direction) of the mold clamping device 100 (more specifically, the fixed platen 110).

[0165] Next, the main reference Figure 8 and Fig. 9 , an example of the flexible holder 500 is described. The flexible holder 500 is wound on the rotating table 520 or unwound from the rotating table 520 while holding the linear body 510. The rotating table 520 is provided with a movable mold 820 (see Figure 3 The movable mold 820 rotates together with the rotating table 520. The linear body 510 supplies electricity, water or gas to the movable mold 820, for example.

[0166] The linear body 510 is, for example, a flexible wiring. The flexible wiring may be a weak wire that transmits an electrical signal or a strong wire that supplies power. The weak wire, for example, transmits an electrical signal from a sensor that measures the temperature of the movable mold 820. The strong wire, for example, supplies power to a heater embedded in the movable mold 820.

[0167] Furthermore, the linear body 510 may also be a flexible pipe. The flexible pipe, for example, conveys a fluid. The fluid may be any of a gas and a liquid. The fluid, for example, is a temperature regulating medium for regulating the temperature of the movable mold 820. As the temperature regulating medium, for example, water may be used.

[0168] The temperature regulating medium is supplied to the inside of the movable mold 820 through the outward flexible pipe. The temperature regulating medium exchanges heat with the movable mold 820 to maintain the temperature of the movable mold 820 at a preset temperature. Then, the temperature regulating medium is discharged to the outside of the movable mold 820 through the return flexible pipe.

[0169] In addition, the fluid conveyed by the flexible pipe is not limited to the temperature regulating medium for adjusting the temperature of the movable mold 820. For example, the fluid conveyed by the flexible pipe may be lubricating oil supplied to the sliding member.

[0170] Furthermore, the fluid conveyed by the flexible pipe may be a demolding gas. The demolding gas is ejected from the surface of the movable mold 820 that contacts the second molded product 22, the second waste product 24, or the first waste product 23. The second molded product 22, the second waste product 24, or the first waste product 23 can be demolded from the movable mold 820.

[0171] One end of the linear body 510 is detachably connected to the rotating connector 511, and the other end is detachably connected to the fixed connector 512. The rotating connector 511 is provided on the rotating table 520. On the other hand, the fixed connector 512 is provided on the movable platen 120. By replacing the linear body 510 with the rotating connector 511 or the fixed connector 512 when replacing the mold device 800, a system suitable for the replaced mold device 800 can be easily constructed.

[0172] In addition, a rotary connector 513 may be provided in addition to the rotary connector 511. For example, one end of the electric wire may be detachably connected to the rotary connector 513. For example, one end of the pipe may be detachably connected to the rotary connector 511. In this way, the electric wire and the pipe may be detachably connected to different rotary connectors 511 and 513.

[0173] The flexible holder 500 includes, for example, a cover 501 surrounding a linear body 510 and a plurality of pins 502 connecting the plurality of cover 501 in a linear shape. The cover 501 has, for example, a square cylindrical shape. Adjacent cover 501 rotates relative to each other around the pin 502. The axial direction of the pin 502 is, for example, the mold opening and closing direction (X-axis direction).

[0174] The flexible holder 500 is, for example, a cable drag chain (registered trademark). The flexible holder 500 is not particularly limited in structure as long as it holds the linear body 510. For example, the flexible holder 500 may be formed of a resin tube.

[0175] The end 503 of the flexible holder 500 is fixed to the rotating table 520. The rotating table 520 is rotated in the first direction D1 to roll up the flexible holder 500. The flexible holder 500 is rolled up on the outer peripheral surface of the rotating table 520. The outer peripheral surface of the rotating table 520 is, for example, a cylindrical surface. In addition, the rotating table 520 is rotated in the second direction D2 to release the flexible holder 500. The second direction D2 is the opposite direction to the first direction D1.

[0176] The other end 504 of the flexible holder 500 is fixed to the movable platen 120, for example, via a guide 550. The guide 550 has a shape curved along the outer peripheral surface of the rotating table 520. The guide 550 holds the flexible holder 500 at a position away from the outer peripheral surface of the rotating table 520. The guide 550 is provided, for example, below the rotating table 520 to prevent the flexible holder 500 from sagging due to gravity.

[0177] However, the injection molding machine 10 sometimes includes: a mold mounting portion for mounting the mold constituting the mold device 800; and a driving portion for rotating or moving the mold mounting portion. The injection molding machine 10 of this embodiment includes: a rotating table 520 for mounting the movable mold 820; and a rotating mechanism 530 for rotating the rotating table 520 (refer to Figure 7 ). The rotating table 520 is an example of a mold mounting unit. Also, the rotating mechanism 530 is an example of a driving unit.

[0178] When the rotation angle of the rotary table 520 is the first rotation angle (e.g., 0°) and the second rotation angle (e.g., 180°), the mold device 800 is closed, pressurized, clamped, depressurized, and opened, the first injection device 301 and the second injection device 302 fill the molding material into the mold device 800, and the mold device 800 molds the molding material. The position of the rotary table 520 at which the mold device 800 is closed, pressurized, clamped, depressurized, and opened is referred to as a molding position.

[0179] In the present embodiment, the number of molding positions is 2. The position of the rotating table 520 where the rotation angle of the rotating table 520 is the first rotation angle is the first molding position. Also, the position of the rotating table 520 where the rotation angle of the rotating table 520 is the second rotation angle is the second molding position. In addition, the number of molding positions may be 3 or more, or 1. Also, in the present embodiment, the number of injection devices is 2, but may be 3 or more, or 1.

[0180] If a predetermined operation is performed when the rotary table 520 is located at the first molding position or the second molding position, operability may be poor. Such an operation may include, for example, connecting or disconnecting the rotary connectors 511 and 513 to or from the linear body 510. When the rotary table 520 is located at the first molding position or the second molding position, in order to access the rotary connectors 511 and 513, a tripod must be set up to climb above the mold clamping device 100, or to drill under the mold clamping device 100.

[0181] Therefore, if Fig.10 As shown, it is conceivable to rotate the rotating table 520 to the non-molding position and perform a predetermined operation. The non-molding position is a position of the rotating table 520 where the mold device 800 is not closed, pressurized, clamped, depressurized, or opened. For example, the position of the rotating table 520 where the rotation angle of the rotating table 520 is the third rotation angle (e.g., 90°) is the non-molding position. If the rotating table 520 is rotated to the non-molding position, the rotary connectors 511 and 513 can be approached from the side. However, in the past, it was impossible to stably stop the rotating table 520 at the non-molding position, and the operability was poor.

[0182] The injection molding machine 10 of this embodiment includes a limiting portion 580. The limiting portion 580 limits the displacement of the rotating table 520 from the non-molding position. As a result, the rotating table 520 can be stably stopped at the non-molding position, thereby improving operability. For example, the rotary connectors 511 and 513 can be easily connected or disconnected from the linear body 510.

[0183] The limiting part 580 includes, for example, a fluid pressure cylinder 581 and a locking hole 584 for inserting and removing a rod 582 of the fluid pressure cylinder 581. In the present embodiment, the fluid pressure cylinder 581 is a pneumatic cylinder, but may be a hydraulic cylinder. The fluid pressure cylinder 581 limits the rotation of the rotating table 520 by inserting the rod 582 into the locking hole 584. Furthermore, the fluid pressure cylinder 581 allows the rotating table 520 to rotate by pulling out the rod 582 from the locking hole 584.

[0184] The fluid pressure cylinder 581 is provided on the movable platen 120, and the locking hole 584 is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the rotating table 520. A plurality of locking holes 584 may be provided at intervals in the circumferential direction of the rotating table 520. The fluid pressure cylinder 581 may also limit the rotation of the rotating table 520 at a plurality of non-molding positions. Furthermore, the fluid pressure cylinder 581 may limit the rotation of the rotating table 520 not only at the non-molding position but also at the first molding position and the second molding position.

[0185] In addition, the arrangement of the fluid pressure cylinder 581 and the locking hole 584 may be reversed, and the fluid pressure cylinder 581 may be provided on the outer peripheral surface of the rotating table 520, and the locking hole 584 may be provided on the movable platen 120. In addition, the structure of the restricting portion 580 is not particularly limited. For example, the restricting portion 580 may also include a stopper and a clamp for fixing the stopper. One of the stopper and the clamp is provided on the movable platen 120, and the other is provided on the rotating table 520.

[0186] like Fig.11 As shown, the injection molding machine 10 may have an operation button 751. The operation button 751 receives an operation by a user of the injection molding machine 10. In the present embodiment, the operation button 751 is provided on the screen of the touch panel 770, but it may also be a hardware button such as a push switch. The control device 700 receives a signal according to whether the operation button 751 is operated.

[0187] The control device 700 performs at least one of a first control for rotating the rotating table 520 from the first molding position or the second molding position to the non-molding position and a second control for rotating the rotating table 520 from the non-molding position to the first molding position or the second molding position when the operation button 751 is operated. The rotating table 520 can be rotated to a desired position only by operating the operation button 751, thereby improving user convenience.

[0188] In this embodiment, the same operation button 751 is used in the first control and the second control, but different operation buttons 751 may be used. The first control and the second control are respectively performed in the state where the mold device 800 is in the mold opening state (that is, the state where the fixed mold 810 and the movable mold 820 are separated). The first control and the second control are preferably performed in the state where the mold opening amount of the mold device 800 (the interval between the fixed mold 810 and the movable mold 820 in the mold opening and closing direction) is maintained constant.

[0189] If the operation button 751 is operated when the rotating table 520 is located at the first molding position or the second molding position, the control device 700 can store the position of the rotating table 520. The stored position is any one of the first molding position and the second molding position. Afterwards, when the operation button 751 is operated again, the control device 700 controls the rotating table 520 to rotate to the pre-stored position. Even if the user forgets the original position, the control device 700 can return the rotating table 520 to the original position. This is particularly effective when the non-molding position exists between the first molding position and the second molding position. In addition, the molding position can be multiple, and can be more than three.

[0190] The non-molding position can be set in association with the work content performed at the non-molding position. This is because the position with better operability may be different depending on the work content. As work content, for example, maintenance of the mold device 800, cleaning of the mold device 800, replacement (installation and removal) of the mold device 800, or visual confirmation of the first ejection device 201 or the second ejection device 202 can be cited. In addition, the number of ejection devices is 2 in this embodiment, but it can be 1 or more than 3.

[0191] The non-molding position can be set in association with the identification information of the user of the injection molding machine 10. This is because each user has a different height, so even if the work content is the same, the position with better operability for each user is different. In addition, the non-molding position can be set in association with both the work content performed at the non-molding position and the identification information of the user.

[0192] like Fig.11 As shown, the injection molding machine 10 may have adjustment buttons 752 and 753. The adjustment buttons 752 and 753 receive operations of the user of the injection molding machine 10. In the present embodiment, the adjustment buttons 752 and 753 are provided on the screen of the touch panel 770, but they may also be hardware buttons such as a push switch. The control device 700 receives a signal according to whether the adjustment buttons 752 and 753 are operated.

[0193] The control device 700 rotates the rotating table 520 according to the time or number of times the adjustment buttons 752 and 753 are pressed. The rotation amount of the rotating table 520 is determined according to the time or number of times the adjustment buttons 752 and 753 are pressed. By setting the adjustment buttons 752 and 753, the position for limiting the rotation of the rotating table 520 can be adjusted. The adjustment buttons 752 and 753 can be set for each direction in which the rotating table 520 rotates. The rotation of the rotating table 520 is performed in a state where the mold device 800 is open. The rotation of the rotating table 520 is preferably performed in a state where the mold opening amount of the mold device 800 is maintained constant.

[0194] In this embodiment, the mold clamping device 100 is horizontal, but it can also be vertical. In this embodiment, the rotation center line 520X of the rotating table 520 is horizontally arranged, but it can also be vertically arranged. In addition, in this embodiment, the rotating table 520 is rotatably mounted on the movable platen 120, but it can also be rotatably mounted on the fixed platen 110. The rotating table 520 can be rotatably mounted on the connecting rod 140 or the mold clamping device frame 910.

[0195] In the present embodiment, the rotating table 520 is a rotating table for mounting the movable mold 820, but it may also be a rotating table for mounting the fixed mold 810. The mold mounting portion is not limited to the rotating table 520, and may be, for example, a sliding table. The amount of movement of the sliding table may be determined based on the time or number of times the adjustment buttons 752 and 753 are pressed. The adjustment buttons 752 and 753 may be set in each direction in which the sliding table moves. The movement of the sliding table is performed in a state in which the mold device 800 is open. The movement of the sliding table is preferably performed in a state in which the mold opening amount of the mold device 800 is maintained constant.

[0196] The above is an explanation of the embodiments of the injection molding machine involved in the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, etc. Various changes, corrections, replacements, additions, deletions and combinations can be made within the scope of the technical solution. Of course, these also fall within the technical scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An injection molding machine comprising: A mold installation part for installing the molds constituting the mold device; a driving unit that rotates or moves the mold mounting unit between a first molding position in which mold closing, pressurization, mold clamping, depressurization, and mold opening of the mold device are performed and a non-molding position in which mold closing, pressurization, mold clamping, depressurization, and mold opening of the mold device are not performed; and The limiting portion limits displacement of the mold mounting portion from the non-molding position.

2. The injection molding machine according to claim 1, comprising: An operation button for accepting an operation by a user of the injection molding machine; and The control device performs at least one of a first control for rotating or moving the mold mounting portion from the first molding position to the non-molding position and a second control for rotating or moving the mold mounting portion from the non-molding position to the first molding position when the operation button is operated.

3. The injection molding machine according to claim 2, wherein: The driving unit rotates or moves the mold mounting unit between a second molding position and the non-molding position for performing mold closing, pressurization, mold clamping, depressurization, and mold opening of the mold device, and the second molding position is different from the first molding position. The control device is configured to perform at least one of a first control for rotating or moving the mold mounting portion from the first molding position or the second molding position to the non-molding position and a second control for rotating or moving the mold mounting portion from the non-molding position to the first molding position or the second molding position when the operation button is operated.

4. The injection molding machine according to claim 3, wherein: The control device is configured to store the position of the mold mounting portion when the operation button is operated when the mold mounting portion is located at the first molding position or the second molding position, and then control the mold mounting portion to rotate or move to a pre-stored position when the operation button is operated.

5. The injection molding machine according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: The non-forming position is set according to each work content to be performed at the non-forming position.

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