Production equipment and process of trilobal extra-black polyester staple fibers

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of chemical fiber spinning, in particular to production equipment and process for trilobal extra-black polyester staple fibers, and the production equipment comprises a rack, a propelling device, a folding device and a control mechanism; a guide roller and a conveying belt which are used for conveying fibers are arranged on the rack; the propelling device is arranged on the rack, and the propelling device is used for pulling fibers to move; the folding mechanism comprises a pressing block, a first rotating shaft and a shifting assembly; the pressing block is arranged on the rack, and a gap for folded fibers to pass through is formed between the pressing block and the conveying belt; the first rotating shaft is rotationally arranged on the rack, and the first rotating shaft is sleeved with a material stirring wheel; the shifting block is rotationally arranged on the shifting wheel; a first rotating driver for controlling the first rotating shaft to rotate is arranged on the rack; the control mechanism is used for controlling the shifting block to stretch. The function of controlling fiber folding is achieved, and the problem that when a traditional stacker folds fibers, the fiber curling uniformity cannot be stably controlled is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of chemical fiber spinning, and in particular to a production device and a process for three-leaf special black polyester staple fibers. Background Art

[0002] The special black polyester staple fiber is made by ester polycondensation, online addition of black masterbatch, pre-spinning and post-spinning stretching and shaping. Its three-leaf special-shaped cross-section design makes the staple fiber highly shaped and forms grooves on the fiber surface, which makes the fiber have a significant moisture absorption and moisture removal effect, and the fabric is fluffy and skin-friendly. After the post-spinning is completed by stretching and shaping, the flat raw fiber bundle needs to be sent to the crimping machine for mechanical crimping processing to increase the fiber's cohesion and friction coefficient and improve the fiber's textile processing performance. However, after the traditional mechanical crimping equipment is curled, this curling is only on the appearance of the fiber, and the internal structure of the fiber does not change much. In addition, this curling is folded and the curling stability is also poor. Although the mechanical crimping method equipment is relatively simple and has strong adaptability to the melt direct spinning device, the curling and folding effect is poorly controllable.

[0003] To this end, a Chinese patent with authorization announcement number CN220925852U discloses an automated air fiber stacking and sorting platform, which can sort the stacked sheet air fibers on both sides in turn by moving the sorting side plates, and can sort the front and back parts of the stacked air fibers by moving the push plates. When sorting the air fibers, the pressure plates can be lowered to press them down, thereby achieving an automated sorting effect. There is no need for staff to manually sort the stacked air fibers, thereby improving production efficiency. At the same time, the sorting box and the sorting table can be disassembled and separated at any time, and the sorting box can be quickly replaced and used according to the size of the air fibers.

[0004] However, the stacking and sorting equipment can only sort and store the fibers, while the traditional conveyor belt curling equipment only achieves the curling effect by controlling the speed difference between the feed speed and the conveying speed of the conveyor belt. After the stacking is completed, the above equipment needs to be compacted separately, and the curling uniformity cannot be ensured during stacking. When folding the fiber raw materials, due to the small mass of the fibers, it is easy to deviate, resulting in uneven curling. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the above problems, a production equipment and process for trilobal special black polyester staple fiber are provided, which solves the problem that the traditional stacking machine cannot stably control the fiber stacking thickness when folding the fiber through a frame, a propulsion device, a folding device and a control mechanism.

[0006] To solve the problems of the prior art, the present invention provides a production equipment for trilobal special black polyester staple fiber, comprising a frame, a propulsion device, a folding device and a control mechanism; the frame is provided with a guide roller and a conveyor belt for conveying fibers; the propulsion device is arranged on the frame, and the propulsion device is used to pull the fibers to move; the folding mechanism comprises a pressing block, a first rotating shaft and a material-dipping assembly; the pressing block is arranged on the frame, and a gap is arranged between the pressing block and the conveyor belt for the folded fibers to pass through; the first rotating shaft is rotatably arranged on the frame, and a material-dipping wheel is sleeved on the first rotating shaft; the dipping block is rotatably arranged on the material-dipping wheel, and the dipping block is connected to the material-dipping wheel through a torsion spring; the frame is provided with a first rotating driver for controlling the rotation of the first rotating shaft; the control mechanism is a control mechanism for controlling the extension of the dipping block; in a working state, when the material-dipping wheel is in a rotating state, the control mechanism controls the dipping block to be in an expanded state, and the dipping block pulls the fibers after contacting the fibers; when an extrusion effect is generated between the dipping block and the pressing block, the fibers are folded, and the control mechanism controls the dipping block to rotate to a contracted state.

[0007] Preferably, a connecting assembly is provided on the tapping wheel, and the connecting assembly includes a mounting plate and a tapping block; two mounting plates are provided, and the two mounting plates are respectively arranged at two ends of the tapping wheel, and each mounting plate is provided with at least three first supports, and the multiple first supports are distributed in a circular array along the axis of the mounting plate; a tapping block is rotatably arranged on the first support, and the two ends of the tapping block are respectively hinged to the first supports on the two mounting plates, and the tapping block is connected to the first support through a torsion spring; the control mechanism includes a limit assembly, a push block and a control assembly; the limit assembly is used to limit the rotation of the tapping block; the push block is movably arranged on the tapping block, and a first elastic member is provided on the push block, and the two ends of the first elastic member are respectively connected to the push block and the tapping block; in the working state, when the push block is subjected to pressure, the first elastic member contracts, and the control assembly releases the rotation restriction of the tapping block by the limit assembly.

[0008] Preferably, a buffer assembly is provided on the frame, and the buffer assembly includes a first mounting seat, a movable seat, a second elastic member and a second rotating shaft; two first mounting seats are provided, and the first mounting seats are arranged on the frame, and the first mounting seats are provided with a first cross plate, and the two first mounting seats are connected by the first cross plate; two movable seats are provided, and the two movable seats are respectively arranged on the two first mounting seats so as to be able to be raised and lowered, and the movable seats are provided with a second cross plate, and the two movable seats are connected by the second cross plate; the second elastic member is arranged on the first cross plate, and the two ends of the second elastic member are respectively connected to the first cross plate and the second cross plate; the second rotating shaft is rotatably provided on the movable seat, and a support roller for supporting fibers is sleeved on the second rotating shaft.

[0009] Preferably, a damping rod is provided on the second transverse plate, and two ends of the damping rod are respectively connected to the first transverse plate and the second transverse plate.

[0010] Preferably, the limiting assembly includes a second support, a movable plate and a third elastic member; two second supports are provided, and the two second supports are respectively arranged at the two ends of the shift block; the movable plate is slidably installed on the second support, and a docking block is provided on the movable plate; the two ends of the third elastic member are respectively connected to the movable plate and the second support; a docking groove is provided on the first support to cooperate with the docking block, and when the docking block is plugged into the docking groove, the rotation of the shift block is limited.

[0011] Preferably, the control assembly includes a connecting block and a control block; the connecting block is arranged on the movable plate, and an oblique guide groove is provided on the connecting block; the control block is connected to the push block, and the control block and the oblique guide groove are slidably matched. When the push block is in a contracted state under pressure, the control block squeezes the oblique guide groove on the connecting block, and the connecting block and the movable plate move in a direction away from the docking groove under the action of the squeezing force. Preferably, the propulsion device includes a second mounting seat, and a third rotating shaft is provided on the second mounting seat, and a rotating roller is sleeved on the third rotating shaft; one of the second mounting seats is internally provided with a motor for driving the third rotating shaft to rotate.

[0012] Preferably, there are two second mounting seats, two third rotating shafts and two rotating rollers, and the two second mounting seats are distributed vertically up and down, the second mounting seat located at the top is connected to the frame, and the second mounting seat located at the bottom can be lifted and lowered on the frame; there is a gap between the two rotating rollers for fibers to pass through; an adjusting component for lifting and lowering the second mounting seat located at the bottom is provided on the frame, and the adjusting component includes a screw, a guide rod and a nut; the screw is rotatably provided on the second mounting seat located at the top, the guide rod is provided on the second mounting seat located at the top, the nut is provided on the second mounting seat located at the bottom, the screw is threadedly connected to the nut, and a rotating drive component for driving the screw to rotate is provided on the second mounting seat located at the top.

[0013] Preferably, the adjustment assembly includes a fourth elastic member and a limit block; the fourth elastic member is arranged on the second mounting seat, and the two ends of the fourth elastic member are respectively connected to the upper and lower second mounting seats; two limit blocks are provided, and the two limit blocks are respectively arranged on the screw rod and the guide rod.

[0014] A production process of trilobal special black polyester staple fibers comprises the following steps:

[0015] S1. Fully mix purified terephthalic acid and ethylene glycol in a slurry tank, and obtain a polyester melt through esterification and polymerization;

[0016] S2, crystallizing and drying the perylene black masterbatch to remove moisture, heating and extruding the masterbatch through a screw extruder to obtain a black polyester masterbatch melt, and then metering the melt through an injection pump and injecting the melt into a polyester melt pipeline;

[0017] S3, black polyester masterbatch melt and polyester melt are uniformly mixed in the polyester melt pipeline through a dynamic mixer to obtain ultra-black polyester melt, which is then sent to the spinning box through the melt pipeline, and enters the assembly after being accurately measured by a metering pump. After being filtered by sea sand and stainless steel mesh, it is extruded from the three-leaf spinneret hole at high pressure for melt spinning. The filamentary melt is cooled by annular air blowing, oiled by the spinning oil pan, fiberized by the spinning tunnel, oiled by the winding oil lip, and passed through the yarn guide, winding roller, eight-roller traction machine, and feeding wheel in turn, and finally falls into the reciprocating yarn barrel to obtain the three-leaf ultra-black polyester fiber precursor;

[0018] S4, the trilobal special black polyester fiber raw yarn is processed through bundling, wire guiding, drawing, steam heating box, tension heat setting, oiling, curling, drying, cutting, packaging and other post-processing to finally obtain the trilobal special black polyester staple fiber.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] 1. The present invention realizes the function of controlling fiber curling through a frame, a propulsion device, a folding device and a control mechanism. In the working state, when the material-dispensing wheel is in a rotating state, the control mechanism controls the shifting block to be in an unfolded state, and the shifting block pulls the fiber after contacting the fiber; when an extrusion effect is generated between the shifting block and the pressing block, the fiber is folded, and the control mechanism controls the shifting block to rotate to a contracted state. The effect of folding and compacting the fiber is achieved through the cooperation of the pressing block and the shifting block, which solves the problem that the traditional stacking machine cannot stably control the uniformity of fiber curling when folding the fiber.

[0021] 2. The present invention realizes the function of controlling the rotation of the shift block through the connection component, the limit component, the shift block and the control component. When the shift block is squeezed by the pressure block, the push block will first be subjected to pressure, and the first elastic member will shrink under the pressure, and then slide toward the inside of the shift block. When the push block is in a contracted state, the control component is driven by the thrust transmitted by the push block, and the control component releases the rotation restriction of the shift block by the limit component, and the shift block rotates under the squeezing action of the pressure block until the shift block rotates to a contracted state. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a production device for trilobal special black polyester staple fibers of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 2 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a folding mechanism and a control mechanism in a production device for trilobal special black polyester staple fibers of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 3 The invention discloses a side view of a folding mechanism and a control mechanism in a production device for three-leaf special black polyester staple fibers.

[0025] Figure 4The invention discloses a stereoscopic schematic diagram of the cooperation between a shifting block and a pushing block in a production device for three-leaf special black polyester staple fibers.

[0026] Figure 5 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a limit assembly and a control assembly in a production device for trilobal special black polyester staple fibers of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 6 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a mounting plate and a first support in a production device for trilobal special black polyester staple fibers of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 7 The invention discloses a three-dimensional exploded schematic diagram of a limit assembly and a control assembly in a production device for three-leaf special black polyester staple fibers.

[0029] Figure 8 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a limiting component in a production device of trilobal special black polyester staple fibers of the present invention.

[0030] Fig. 9 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a propulsion device in a production device for trilobal special black polyester staple fibers of the present invention.

[0031] Fig.10 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of an adjusting component and a rotating driving component in a production device for trilobal special black polyester staple fibers of the present invention.

[0032] The numbers in the figure are: 1, frame; 11, guide roller; 12, conveyor belt; 13, buffer assembly; 131, first mounting seat; 1311, first transverse plate; 132, movable seat; 1321, second transverse plate; 133, second elastic member; 134, second rotating shaft; 1341, support roller; 135, damping rod; 2, propulsion device; 21, second mounting seat; 211, third rotating shaft; 212, rotating roller; 22, adjustment assembly; 221, screw; 222, guide rod; 223, nut; 224, fourth elastic member; 225, limit block; 23, rotation drive assembly; 231, second Rotary drive; 232, bevel gear; 3, folding mechanism; 31, pressure block; 32, first rotating shaft; 321, material shifting wheel; 322, shifting block; 33, first rotary drive; 34, connecting assembly; 341, mounting plate; 3411, first support; 3412, docking groove; 4, control mechanism; 41, limit assembly; 411, second support; 412, movable plate; 4121, docking block; 413, third elastic member; 42, push block; 421, first elastic member; 43, control assembly; 431, connecting block; 4311, oblique guide groove; 432, control block; 5, fiber. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] In order to further understand the features, technical means, specific objectives and functions of the present invention, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

[0034] Reference Figure 1-Figure 3 : A production device for trilobal special black polyester staple fiber, comprising a frame 1, a propulsion device 2, a folding device and a control mechanism 4; the frame 1 is provided with a guide roller 11 and a conveyor belt 12 for conveying fibers 5; the propulsion device 2 is arranged on the frame 1, and the propulsion device 2 is used to pull the fibers 5 to move; the folding mechanism 3 comprises a pressing block 31, a first rotating shaft 32 and a material-dispensing assembly; the pressing block 31 is arranged on the frame 1, and a gap is arranged between the pressing block 31 and the conveyor belt 12 for the folded fibers 5 to pass through; the first rotating shaft 32 is rotatably arranged on the frame 1, and a material-dispensing wheel 321 is sleeved on the first rotating shaft 32; The shifting block 322 is rotatably arranged on the shifting wheel 321, and the shifting block 322 is connected to the shifting wheel 321 through a torsion spring; a first rotating driver 33 for controlling the rotation of the first rotating shaft 32 is provided on the frame 1; a control mechanism 4 is a control mechanism 4 for controlling the extension of the shifting block 322; in the working state, when the shifting wheel 321 is in a rotating state, the control mechanism 4 controls the shifting block 322 to be in an expanded state, and the shifting block 322 pulls the fiber 5 after contacting with the fiber 5; when an extrusion effect is generated between the shifting block 322 and the pressing block 31, the fiber 5 is folded, and the control mechanism 4 controls the shifting block 322 to rotate to a contracted state.

[0035] The present invention realizes the function of controlling the folding of the fiber 5 through the frame 1, the propulsion device 2, the folding device and the control mechanism 4, and achieves the effect of folding the fiber 5 and compacting the fiber 5 through the cooperation of the pressing block 31 and the shifting block 322, thereby solving the problem that the traditional stacking machine cannot stably control the stacking thickness of the fiber 5 when folding the fiber 5. After the fiber 5 passes through the processes of drafting, shaping, oiling, curling and drying, the fiber 5 is transported to the propulsion device 2 and the folding mechanism 3 through the guide roller 11. A controller for human-machine interaction is provided on the frame 1, and the first rotary driver 33 is preferably a servo motor. The propulsion device 2 and the first rotary driver 33 are both electrically connected to the controller. After the device is started, the controller sends a signal to the propulsion device 2 and the first rotary driver 33, and the propulsion device 2 pulls the fiber 5 to move. When the fiber 5 moves to the shifting wheel 321, the first rotary driver 33 drives the first rotating shaft 32 and the shifting wheel 321 to rotate, and at this time the shifting block 322 is in an unfolded state, and the shifting block 322 extends radially along the shifting wheel 321. As the material-pickup wheel 321 rotates, the paddle block 322 contacts the fiber 5 and pulls the fiber 5 through friction, thereby pushing the fiber 5 to fold. Until the paddle block 322 and the pressing block 31 are squeezed, the control mechanism 4 controls the paddle block 322 to rotate under pressure, so that the paddle block 322 fits the material-pickup wheel 321, and then passes through the pressing block 31 as the material-pickup wheel 321 rotates. At the same time, the paddle block 322 separates from the fiber 5 and no longer pulls the fiber 5. When the folded fiber 5 passes through the pressing block 31 along with the conveyor belt 12, the pressing block 31 applies pressure to the fiber 5, compacts the folded fiber 5, and completes the curling process of the fiber 5.

[0036] Reference Figure 2-Figure 4 : The paddle wheel 321 is provided with a connecting assembly 34, which includes a mounting plate 341 and a paddle block 322; there are two mounting plates 341, which are respectively arranged at the two ends of the paddle wheel 321, and each mounting plate 341 is provided with at least three first supports 3411, and the plurality of first supports 3411 are distributed in a circular array along the axis of the mounting plate 341; a paddle block 322 is rotatably provided on the first support 3411, and the two ends of the paddle block 322 are respectively hinged to the first supports 3411 on the two mounting plates 341, and the paddle block 322 is hinged to the first supports 3411 on the two mounting plates 341, and the paddle block 322 is hinged to the first supports 3411 on the two mounting plates 341. The block 322 is connected to the first support 3411 through a torsion spring; the control mechanism 4 includes a limit assembly 41, a push block 42 and a control assembly 43; the limit assembly 41 is used to limit the rotation of the shift block 322; the push block 42 is movably arranged on the shift block 322, and a first elastic member 421 is provided on the push block 42, and the two ends of the first elastic member 421 are respectively connected to the push block 42 and the shift block 322; in the working state, when the push block 42 is subjected to pressure, the first elastic member 421 contracts, and the control assembly 43 releases the rotation restriction of the shift block 322 by the limit assembly 41.

[0037] The present invention realizes the function of controlling the rotation of the dial block 322 through the connecting component 34, the limiting component 41, the dial block 322 and the control component 43. In the working state, the dial block 322 is in the unfolded state under the elastic force of the torsion spring, and then the fiber 5 is pulled by the dial block 322 to control the folding of the fiber 5. When the dial block 322 is squeezed by the pressing block 31, the push block 42 will first be pressed, and the first elastic member 421 will shrink under the pressure, and then slide toward the inside of the dial block 322. When the push block 42 is in the contracted state, the control component 43 is driven by the thrust transmitted by the push block 42, and the control component 43 releases the rotation restriction of the limiting component 41 on the dial block 322, and the dial block 322 rotates under the squeezing action of the pressing block 31 until the dial block 322 rotates to the contracted state. As the material-pick wheel 321 rotates, the control block 322 passes through the pressing block 31. When the shifting block 322 completely passes through the pressing block 31 , the shifting block 322 is reset under the elastic force of the torsion spring and is in the unfolded state again, and the limiting assembly 41 limits the rotation of the shifting block 322 again.

[0038] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 8 : The frame 1 is provided with a buffer assembly 13, which includes a first mounting seat 131, a movable seat 132, a second elastic member 133 and a second rotating shaft 134; there are two first mounting seats 131, which are arranged on the frame 1, and a first transverse plate 1311 is provided on the first mounting seat 131, and the two first mounting seats 131 are connected by the first transverse plate 1311; there are two movable seats 132, and the two movable seats 132 can be respectively arranged on the two first mounting seats 131, and a second transverse plate 1321 is provided on the movable seat 132, and the two movable seats 132 are connected by the second transverse plate 1321; the second elastic member 133 is arranged on the first transverse plate 1311, and the two ends of the second elastic member 133 are respectively connected to the first transverse plate 1311 and the second transverse plate 1321; the second rotating shaft 134 is rotatably arranged on the movable seat 132, and a supporting roller 1341 for supporting the fiber 5 is sleeved on the second rotating shaft 134.

[0039] The present invention realizes the function of stabilizing the tension of the fiber 5 through the first mounting seat 131, the movable seat 132, the second elastic member 133 and the second rotating shaft 134, and at the same time prevents the fiber 5 from being damaged due to a sudden increase in force when the shifting block 322 pulls the fiber 5. After the device is started, the first rotary driver 33 drives the first rotating shaft 32 and the shifting wheel 321 to rotate, and then pulls the fiber 5 through the shifting block 322. When the fiber 5 is subjected to the tensile force, its tension increases, and the second elastic member 133 shrinks under the influence of the tension. Since the fiber 5 is compacted by the squeezing action provided by the pressing block 31 after folding, the compacted fiber 5 moves under the conveying action of the conveyor belt 12. Therefore, when the movable seat 132 and the support roller 1341 are reset under the elastic force of the second elastic member 133, the fiber 5 will be pulled from the propulsion device 2. In order to smoothly control the folding of the fiber 5, the conveying speed of the propulsion device 2 is higher than the conveying speed of the conveyor belt 12. The folding length of the fiber 5 by the shifting block 322 is not long, so the tension of the fiber 5 can be stabilized by the buffer component 13 to prevent the fiber 5 from being damaged.

[0040] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 8 : A damping rod 135 is provided on the second transverse plate 1321, and two ends of the damping rod 135 are respectively connected to the first transverse plate 1311 and the second transverse plate 1321.

[0041] The present invention realizes the function of stabilizing the extension and retraction of the movable seat 132 through the damping rod 135, thereby preventing the movable seat 132 from shaking for a long time during the lifting process. The damping rod 135 is preferably a hydraulic damping rod 135. By setting the damping rod 135, when the tension of the fiber 5 changes, the movement of the movable seat 132 can be stabilized, its stability and speed can be improved, and the movable seat 132 can be prevented from shaking under the elastic force of the second elastic member 133, thereby preventing the fiber 5 from becoming loose and deformed during the shaking process of the movable seat 132.

[0042] Reference Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 : The limiting assembly 41 includes a second support 411, a movable plate 412 and a third elastic member 413; there are two second supports 411, and the two second supports 411 are respectively arranged at the two ends of the shift block 322; the movable plate 412 is slidably installed on the second support 411, and a docking block 4121 is provided on the movable plate 412; the two ends of the third elastic member 413 are respectively connected to the movable plate 412 and the second support 411; a docking groove 3412 is provided on the first support 3411 to cooperate with the docking block 4121, and when the docking block 4121 is plugged into the docking groove 3412, the rotation of the shift block 322 is limited.

[0043] The present invention realizes the function of limiting the rotation of the shift block 322 through the second support 411, the movable plate 412, the docking block 4121, the third elastic member 413 and the docking groove 3412. The second support 411 is a split design and is divided into two parts, and the two parts are connected by bolts or glued. In the working state, when the shift block 322 is in the unfolded state under the elastic force of the torsion spring, the docking block 4121 is aligned with the docking groove 3412. The movable plate 412 drives the docking block 4121 to extend under the elastic force of the third elastic member 413, and the docking block 4121 is plugged and matched with the docking groove 3412 to limit the rotation of the shift block 322. When the shift block 322 is squeezed and restricted by the pressure block 31, the push block 42 transmits the squeezing force, and then drives the control component 43, the control component 43 drives the movable plate 412 to move, the third elastic member 413 contracts under the pressure, and the movable plate 412 drives the docking block 4121 to move. After the docking block 4121 is separated from the docking groove 3412, the rotation restriction on the shift block 322 is released.

[0044] Reference Figure 5 and Figure 7 The control assembly 43 includes a connecting block 431 and a control block 432; the connecting block 431 is arranged on the movable plate 412, and an oblique guide groove 4311 is provided on the connecting block 431; the control block 432 is connected to the push block 42, and the control block 432 and the oblique guide groove 4311 are slidably matched. When the push block 42 is in a contracted state under the action of pressure, the control block 432 squeezes the oblique guide groove 4311 on the connecting block 431, and the connecting block 431 and the movable plate 412 move in a direction away from the docking groove 3412 under the action of the squeezing force. The present invention realizes the function of controlling the movement of the movable plate 412 through the connecting block 431 and the control block 432. When an extrusion occurs between the shift block 322 and the pressing block 31, the push block 42 contracts due to the extrusion of the pressing block 31, and the push block 42 drives the control block 432 to move. The control block 432 squeezes the oblique guide groove 4311 on the connecting block 431, and the connecting block 431 and the movable plate 412 move in a direction away from the docking groove 3412 under the action of the extrusion force.

[0045] Reference Fig. 9 and Fig.10 The propulsion device 2 comprises a second mounting seat 21, on which a third rotating shaft 211 is disposed, and on which a rotating roller 212 is sleeved; one of the second mounting seats 21 is provided with a motor for driving the third rotating shaft 211 to rotate.

[0046] The present invention realizes the function of pulling the fiber 5 to move through the second mounting seat 21, the third rotating shaft 211, the roller 212 and the rotating driving assembly 23. The motor is electrically connected to the controller; after the device is started, the controller sends a signal to the motor, and the motor drives the roller 212 to rotate. The roller 212 pulls the fiber 5 toward the folding mechanism 3 through friction force to perform limited continuous transportation.

[0047] Reference Fig. 9 and Fig.10 : There are two second mounting seats 21, third rotating shafts 211 and rotating rollers 212, and the two second mounting seats 21 are distributed up and down in the vertical direction. The second mounting seat 21 located at the top is connected to the frame 1, and the second mounting seat 21 located at the bottom can be lifted and lowered and is arranged on the frame 1; there is a gap between the two rotating rollers 212 for the fiber 5 to pass through; an adjusting component 22 for lifting and lowering the second mounting seat 21 located at the bottom is provided on the frame 1, and the adjusting component 22 includes a screw 221, a guide rod 222 and a nut 223; the screw 221 is rotatably arranged on the second mounting seat 21 located at the top, the guide rod 222 is arranged on the second mounting seat 21 located at the top, and the nut 223 is arranged on the second mounting seat 21 located at the bottom, the screw 221 is threadedly connected to the nut 223, and a rotating driving component 23 for driving the screw 221 to rotate is provided on the second mounting seat 21 located at the top.

[0048] The present invention realizes the function of conveying fibers 5 of different thicknesses through the adjustment component 22 and the two rollers 212. The rotation drive component 23 includes a second rotation driver 231 and a bevel gear 232. The second rotation driver 231 is electrically connected to the controller. Two bevel gears 232 are provided. The two bevel gears 232 are respectively sleeved on the driving end of the second rotation driver 231 and the screw 221, and the two bevel gears 232 are meshed and connected. When conveying the fiber 5, the operator first adjusts the gap between the two rollers 212 according to the thickness of the fiber 5. The operator sends a signal to the second rotation driver 231 through the controller, and the second rotation driver 231 drives the screw 221 to rotate through the bevel gear 232. The screw 221 drives the nut 223 threadedly connected thereto to move, and then drives the second mounting seat 21 located below to rise and fall through the nut 223, thereby adjusting the distance between the two second mounting seats 21, and then stably driving the fiber 5 to move.

[0049] Reference Fig. 9 and Fig.10 : The adjustment component 22 includes a fourth elastic member 224 and a limit block 225; the fourth elastic member 224 is arranged on the second mounting seat 21, and the two ends of the fourth elastic member 224 are respectively connected to the upper and lower second mounting seats 21; there are two limit blocks 225, and the two limit blocks 225 are respectively arranged on the screw rod 221 and the guide rod 222.

[0050] The present invention realizes the function of stabilizing the position of the second mounting seat 21 through the fourth elastic member 224 and the limit block 225. The nut 223 is set on the second mounting seat 21, and the installation stability of the nut 223 must be ensured. Since the nut 223 is set on the second mounting seat 21, when the screw rod 221 is driven to rotate, once the nut 223 and the screw rod 221 are misaligned, the rotation stability of the screw rod 221 will be affected. For this reason, a fourth elastic member 224 is set between the two second mounting seats 21, and the elastic force provided by the fourth elastic member 224 plays a supporting role, applies a pre-tightening force to the second mounting seat 21, and can smoothly control the movement of the second mounting seat 21 below when adjusting.

[0051] Reference Figure 1-Figure 3 : A production process of trilobal special black polyester staple fibers, comprising the following steps:

[0052] S1. Fully mix purified terephthalic acid and ethylene glycol in a slurry tank, and obtain a polyester melt through esterification and polymerization;

[0053] S2, crystallizing and drying the perylene black masterbatch to remove moisture, heating and extruding the masterbatch through a screw 221 extruder to melt the masterbatch to obtain a black polyester masterbatch melt, which is then metered by an injection pump and injected into a polyester melt pipeline;

[0054] S3, black polyester masterbatch melt and polyester melt are uniformly mixed in the polyester melt pipeline through a dynamic mixer to obtain ultra-black polyester melt, which is then sent to the spinning box through the melt pipeline, and enters the assembly after being accurately measured by a metering pump. After being filtered by sea sand and stainless steel mesh, it is extruded from the three-leaf spinneret hole at high pressure for melt spinning. The filamentary melt is cooled by annular air blowing, oiled by the spinning oil pan, fiberized by the spinning tunnel, oiled by the winding oil lip, and passed through the yarn guide, winding roller, eight-roller traction machine, and feeding wheel in turn, and finally falls into the reciprocating yarn barrel to obtain the three-leaf ultra-black polyester fiber 5 raw yarn;

[0055] The original yarns of S4 and trilobal special black polyester fiber 5 are processed through bundling, wire guiding, drawing, steam heating box, tension heat setting, oiling, curling, drying, cutting, packaging and the like, and finally trilobal special black polyester staple fibers are obtained.

[0056] In step S1, purified terephthalic acid (PTA), ethylene glycol (MEG) and a catalyst are fully mixed in a slurry tank according to a fixed molar ratio; the prepared slurry enters the first and second esterification reactors in turn, and performs an esterification reaction under a vacuum environment and a certain temperature condition; the fully reacted esterified product enters the pre-condensation reactor, and performs a catalytic polycondensation reaction under the action of the catalyst; the polymer reaching a certain viscosity enters the final polycondensation reactor, and continues to perform the polymerization reaction under certain temperature and pressure (vacuum) conditions to obtain a polyester melt with the required viscosity for staple fiber production (characteristic viscosity 0.65 dL / g), which is sent to the staple fiber production device through a polyester melt pipeline.

[0057] In step S2, perylene black masterbatch (perylene black pigment powder content of 30wt%, intrinsic viscosity of 0.520dL / g, melting point of 259°C) is crystallized and dried in a drying tower 1, melt-extruded by a screw extruder 2, and metered and injected into a polyester melt pipe 4 by an injection pump 3, the addition ratio of perylene black masterbatch is 9.0wt%, and then fully stirred and mixed by a dynamic mixer 5. The drying and crystallization temperature is 150°C, and the temperatures of each zone of the screw are 268 / 272 / 278 / 280 / 278°C.

[0058] The perylene black masterbatch uses perylene black organic pigment. Compared with inorganic carbon black powder, it not only has high blackness, pigment strength and color stability, good hiding power, high gloss, not easy to fade, good light resistance, heat resistance and chemical corrosion resistance, but also as an organic pigment, it is more compatible with polyester melt, causing a smaller drop in melt viscosity than inorganic carbon black powder, better spinnability and higher fiber strength. The perylene black masterbatch is prepared by blending and melt extruding 30wt% of perylene black pigment and polyester chips with a high intrinsic viscosity of 0.75-0.85dL / g to obtain a perylene black masterbatch with a high intrinsic viscosity of 0.50-0.55dL / g. The problem of many broken yarns and poor spinnability caused by the high addition of perylene black masterbatch is solved.

[0059] In step S3, the temperature of the polyester melt pipe 4 is 278°C, and the temperature of the box 6 is 275°C. The central wind speed of the annular air is 5.0m / s, the wind temperature is 22°C, and the wind humidity is greater than 75%; the oil pan is oiled, the winding oil lip is oiled, the oil concentration is 0.30%, and the oil-water content of the raw silk is 25%; the speed ratio of the eight-roller traction machine and the feeding wheel is: 1 roller / 2 roller: 0.999, 2 roller / 3 roller: 0.999, 3 roller / 4 roller: 0.999, 4 roller / 5 roller: 1.001, 5 roller / 6 roller: 0.998, 6 roller / 7 roller: 0.997, 7 roller / 8 roller: 0.998, 8 roller / godnet roller: 1.020, godnet roller / feeding wheel: 1.080, and the speed of 8 roller is 1200m / min.

[0060] In step S4, the speed ratio of the guide wire machine is 1.015, the speed ratio of the first drawing machine is 3.25, the speed ratio of the second drawing machine is 1.15, the water bath drawing temperature is 68°C, the tension heat setting steam pressure is 1.75MPa, the post-processing oil concentration is 0.70%, the main pressure of the crimping machine is 0.55MPa, the back pressure is 0.12MPa, and the dryer temperature is 55°C.

[0061] During the entire production process, the component replacement cycle is 10 days, the number of stiff and doubling yarns in the front spinning is 5 times / 24 hours, the number of broken and floating yarns is 2 times / 24 hours, and the number of stretching and winding rollers in the back spinning is 5 times / 24 hours.

[0062] Compared with ordinary solid round special black polyester staple fibers, the spinning production process of trilobal special black polyester staple fibers has more serious problems such as stiff yarns, broken ends, floating yarns, and post-processing roller entanglement. The present invention can produce trilobal special black polyester staple fibers, and can also produce ordinary solid round special black polyester staple fibers. Regardless of the type of special black polyester staple fibers, the present invention can solve the problems of stiff yarns, broken ends, floating yarns, and post-processing roller entanglement by adjusting the front and back spinning processes. The most prominent feature of the obtained product is that it does not require dyeing in the back stage, the fiber has good moisture absorption and dehumidification effects, and the fabric is fluffy and has good skin-friendly feel. The trilobal cross-section design allows the staple fibers to have a high degree of irregularity, and grooves are formed on the fiber surface, which makes the fiber's elasticity, moisture absorption, and dehumidification effects significant.

[0063] Polyester staple fibers are lacking in environmental protection, skin-friendly, moisture absorption and perspiration-releasing properties, which to some extent limits their application scope. Our invention makes up for these shortcomings very well. The polyester staple fibers, which have natural no-recoloring effect, good moisture absorption and perspiration-releasing properties, and fluffy and skin-friendly fabrics, can be used for high-end fabrics such as underwear, panties, baby clothing, home fabrics, outdoor clothing, etc., with higher-end uses and higher product added value.

[0064] The above embodiments only express one or several implementation modes of the present invention, and the description thereof is relatively specific and detailed, but it cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be pointed out that, for those of ordinary skill in the art, several variations and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the attached claims.

Claims

1. A production equipment for trilobal special black polyester staple fibers, characterized in that: It comprises a frame (1), a propulsion device (2), a folding device and a control mechanism (4); A guide roller (11) and a conveyor belt (12) for conveying the fibers (5) are provided on the frame (1); The propulsion device (2) is arranged on the frame (1), and the propulsion device (2) is used to pull the fiber (5) to move; The folding mechanism (3) comprises a pressing block (31), a first rotating shaft (32) and a material shifting assembly; The pressing block (31) is arranged on the frame (1), and a gap is provided between the pressing block (31) and the conveyor belt (12) for the folded fibers (5) to pass through; The first rotating shaft (32) is rotatably arranged on the frame (1), and a material-discharging wheel (321) is sleeved on the first rotating shaft (32); The shifting block (322) is rotatably arranged on the material shifting wheel (321), and the shifting block (322) is connected to the material shifting wheel (321) via a torsion spring; A first rotating driver (33) for controlling the rotation of the first rotating shaft (32) is provided on the frame (1); The control mechanism (4) is used to control the extension of the shifting block (322); In the working state, when the material-push wheel (321) is in a rotating state, the control mechanism (4) controls the push block (322) to be in an expanded state, and the push block (322) pulls the fiber (5) after contacting the fiber (5); when a squeezing effect is generated between the push block (322) and the pressing block (31), the fiber (5) is folded, and the control mechanism (4) controls the push block (322) to rotate to a contracted state.

2. The production equipment of trilobal special black polyester staple fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that: A connecting assembly (34) is provided on the material shifting wheel (321), and the connecting assembly (34) comprises a mounting plate (341) and a shifting block (322); Two mounting plates (341) are provided, and the two mounting plates (341) are respectively arranged at two ends of the material-pickling wheel (321), and each mounting plate (341) is provided with at least three first supports (3411), and the plurality of first supports (3411) are distributed in a circular array along the axis of the mounting plate (341); A shifting block (322) is rotatably arranged on the first support (3411), two ends of the shifting block (322) are respectively hinged to the first supports (3411) on the two mounting plates (341), and the shifting block (322) is connected to the first support (3411) via a torsion spring; The control mechanism (4) comprises a limit assembly (41), a push block (42) and a control assembly (43); The limiting assembly (41) is used to limit the rotation of the shifting block (322); The push block (42) is movably arranged on the shift block (322), and a first elastic member (421) is arranged on the push block (42), and two ends of the first elastic member (421) are respectively connected to the push block (42) and the shift block (322); In the working state, when the push block (42) is subjected to pressure, the first elastic member (421) contracts, and the control component (43) releases the rotation restriction of the limit component (41) on the shift block (322).

3. The production equipment of trilobal special black polyester staple fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that: A buffer assembly (13) is provided on the frame (1), and the buffer assembly (13) comprises a first mounting seat (131), a movable seat (132), a second elastic member (133) and a second rotating shaft (134); Two first mounting seats (131) are provided, the first mounting seats (131) are arranged on the frame (1), a first transverse plate (1311) is provided on the first mounting seat (131), and the two first mounting seats (131) are connected via the first transverse plate (1311); Two movable seats (132) are provided, and the two movable seats (132) are respectively arranged on the two first mounting seats (131) in a manner that they can be lifted and lowered. A second transverse plate (1321) is provided on the movable seat (132), and the two movable seats (132) are connected via the second transverse plate (1321); The second elastic member (133) is arranged on the first transverse plate (1311), and two ends of the second elastic member (133) are respectively connected to the first transverse plate (1311) and the second transverse plate (1321); The second rotating shaft (134) is rotatably arranged on the movable seat (132), and a supporting roller (1341) for supporting the fiber (5) is sleeved on the second rotating shaft (134).

4. The production equipment of trilobal special black polyester staple fiber according to claim 3, characterized in that: A damping rod (135) is provided on the second transverse plate (1321), and two ends of the damping rod (135) are respectively connected to the first transverse plate (1311) and the second transverse plate (1321).

5. The production equipment of trilobal special black polyester staple fiber according to claim 2, characterized in that: The limiting assembly (41) comprises a second support (411), a movable plate (412) and a third elastic member (413); Two second supports (411) are provided, and the two second supports (411) are respectively arranged at two ends of the shifting block (322); The movable plate (412) is slidably mounted on the second support (411), and a docking block (4121) is provided on the movable plate (412); Two ends of the third elastic member (413) are respectively connected to the movable plate (412) and the second support (411); The first support (3411) is provided with a docking groove (3412) that cooperates with the docking block (4121). When the docking block (4121) and the docking groove (3412) are plugged and matched, the shifting block (322) is restricted from rotating.

6. The production equipment of trilobal special black polyester staple fiber according to claim 5, characterized in that: The control component (43) includes a connection block (431) and a control block (432); The connecting block (431) is arranged on the movable plate (412), and an oblique guide groove (4311) is provided on the connecting block (431); The control block (432) is connected to the push block (42), and the control block (432) is slidably matched with the oblique guide groove (4311). When the push block (42) is in a contracted state due to pressure, the control block (432) squeezes the oblique guide groove (4311) on the connecting block (431), and the connecting block (431) and the movable plate (412) move in a direction away from the docking groove (3412) under the action of the squeezing force.

7. The production equipment of trilobal special black polyester staple fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The propulsion device (2) comprises a second mounting seat (21), a third rotating shaft (211) is provided on the second mounting seat (21), and a rotating roller (212) is sleeved on the third rotating shaft (211); One of the second mounting seats (21) has a built-in motor for driving the third rotating shaft (211) to rotate.

8. The production equipment of trilobal special black polyester staple fiber according to claim 7, characterized in that: The second mounting seat (21), the third rotating shaft (211) and the rotating roller (212) are each provided with two. The two second mounting seats (21) are vertically distributed up and down, the second mounting seat (21) located at the top is connected to the frame (1), and the second mounting seat (21) located at the bottom is escalably arranged on the frame (1); There is a gap between the two rollers (212) for the fibers (5) to pass through; The frame (1) is provided with an adjustment assembly (22) for lifting and lowering a second mounting seat (21) located below, and the adjustment assembly (22) comprises a screw rod (221), a guide rod (222) and a nut (223); The screw rod (221) is rotatably arranged on a second mounting seat (21) located at the top, the guide rod (222) is arranged on the second mounting seat (21) located at the top, the nut (223) is arranged on the second mounting seat (21) located at the bottom, the screw rod (221) and the nut (223) are threadedly connected, and a rotation driving component (23) for driving the screw rod (221) to rotate is arranged on the second mounting seat (21) located at the top.

9. The production equipment of trilobal special black polyester staple fiber according to claim 8, characterized in that: The adjustment component (22) comprises a fourth elastic member (224) and a limit block (225); The fourth elastic member (224) is arranged on the second mounting seat (21), and two ends of the fourth elastic member (224) are respectively connected to the upper and lower second mounting seats (21); Two limit blocks (225) are provided, and the two limit blocks (225) are respectively arranged on the screw rod (221) and the guide rod (222).

10. A production process of trilobal special black polyester staple fibers, using a trilobal special black polyester staple fiber production device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Fully mix purified terephthalic acid and ethylene glycol in a slurry tank, and obtain a polyester melt through esterification and polymerization; S2, drying the perylene black masterbatch to remove moisture, heating and extruding the masterbatch through a screw (221) extruder to obtain a black polyester masterbatch melt, and then metering the melt through an injection pump and injecting the melt into a polyester melt pipeline; S3, the black polyester masterbatch melt and the polyester melt are uniformly mixed in the polyester melt pipeline through a dynamic mixer to obtain a special black polyester melt, which is then sent to the spinning box through the melt pipeline, and enters the assembly after being accurately measured by a metering pump, filtered by sea sand and a stainless steel mesh, and then extruded from the three-leaf spinneret hole under high pressure for melt spinning. The filamentary melt is sequentially cooled by annular blowing, oiled by a spinning oil pan, fiberized by a spinning tunnel, oiled by a winding oil lip, and sequentially passed through a yarn guide, a winding roller, an eight-roller traction machine, and a feeding wheel, and finally falls into a reciprocating yarn barrel to obtain a three-leaf special black polyester fiber (5) raw yarn; S4, the original yarn of the trilobal special black polyester fiber (5) is subjected to post-processing such as bundling, threading, drawing, steam heating box, tension heat setting, oiling, curling, drying, cutting, and packaging to finally obtain the trilobal special black polyester staple fiber (5).

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