Alkali decrement processing method for polyester fabric
By using organic solvents instead of water, polyester alkali reduction processing has solved the problem of high consumption of alkali agents and water resources in traditional methods, and achieved the effect of low alkali agent dosage, efficient processing and water resource conservation.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411850925.5
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-12-16
- Publication Date
- 2025-03-25
AI Technical Summary
During the traditional polyester alkali reduction processing process, the amount of alkali agents and cation accelerators is large, and the water resources are consumed hugely, which is not conducive to energy conservation, emission reduction and cost reduction.
Organic solvents are used instead of water as the polyester alkali reduction processing medium. After impregnation or plunging the alkali agent, the polyester fabric is put into the organic solvent for alkali reduction processing, which reduces the amount of alkali agent and reduces water consumption.
With lower sodium hydroxide usage and no cation accelerator, efficient alkali reduction processing of polyester fabrics is achieved, water consumption is reduced by 99%, and zero emissions are achieved through the recovery of organic solvents.
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Figure CN119686102A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of dyeing and finishing, and relates to a method for using an organic solvent instead of water as a polyester alkali weight reduction processing medium, which can reduce the amount of alkali agent used in the alkali weight reduction processing of polyester fabrics, does not need to add a cationic alkali weight reduction accelerator, and reduces water consumption by more than 99%. Background Art
[0002] Polyester fiber has excellent performance and is widely used. Its cross section is usually circular, and its longitudinal section is a cylinder with a smooth surface and uniform thickness. The smooth surface is prone to total reflection of light, resulting in the "Aurora" problem, and its hygroscopicity is poor and it is easy to generate static electricity, which limits polyester fiber from becoming a high-end textile fabric. The above shortcomings can be improved to a certain extent by alkali reduction processing of polyester fiber, achieving a hand feel comparable to that of silk. Alkali reduction processing of polyester is actually to hydrolyze polyester fiber with alkali agent. The hydroxide ions in the alkali agent attack the electron-deficient carbonyl carbon on the main chain of the polyester macromolecule, causing the ester bond to break and produce hydroxyl and ester end groups, thereby causing the epidermis of the polyester fiber to peel off. Traditional alkali reduction processing is to treat polyester fabrics with concentrated sodium hydroxide and cationic accelerator solutions under high temperature conditions, resulting in high pH of alkali reduction wastewater, large amounts of sodium hydroxide and cationic accelerators, and the fabrics after alkali reduction treatment must be washed with a lot of water before processing before they can be used for dyeing, which not only increases production costs, but also increases water resource consumption.
[0003] The literature (Cheng Wenjing, Zhang Hongjuan, Ding Lei, et al. Accelerator-plasticizer synergistically improves the efficiency of polyester alkali reduction and its mechanism of action [J]. Modern Textile Technology, 2024, 32(11): 89-95.) studied the effect of plasticizer-accelerator synergistic effect of octadecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride (1827) quaternary ammonium salt cationic surfactant as alkali reduction accelerator and benzyl alcohol as plasticizer on the alkali reduction efficiency of polyester fabric. The results show that accelerator-plasticizer synergistic effect is expected to solve the technical problem of high alkali consumption in the process of polyester alkali reduction, and provide a certain reference value for promoting the green and sustainable development of polyester pretreatment.
[0004] The literature (Wang Yi, Zhang Jingbin, Zhang Yibing, et al. One-bath processing technology of polyester alkali reduction dyeing [J]. Printing and Dyeing, 2023, 49(06): 38-41.) studied the one-bath alkali reduction and dyeing processing of polyester. The results showed that the color fastness to friction of the dyed polyester fabrics after alkali reduction reached above level 3, and the color fastness to soap washing, sunlight and sublimation reached above level 4, showing good wearing performance. The literature (Wang Lijun, Miao Junhua, Shao Min, et al. Disperse dyeing performance of polyester fabric in liquid paraffin non-aqueous medium system [J]. Dyeing and Finishing Technology, 2023, 45(07): 11-16.) studied the disperse dyeing performance of polyester fabric in liquid paraffin non-aqueous medium system. The results showed that the solubility of disperse dyes in liquid paraffin (LP) medium is greater than that in decamethylcyclopentasiloxane (D5) medium. Trace water can significantly increase the color yield of disperse dye non-aqueous medium system dyeing. The color fastness of fabrics dyed in LP non-aqueous medium system is similar to that of conventional water bath dyeing and D5 non-aqueous medium system dyeing. However, there is no research on alkali reduction of polyester fabrics in non-aqueous medium system to achieve low-alkali, cationic alkali reduction accelerator-free, and low-water alkali reduction production of polyester fabrics.
[0005] The process of dyeing polyester fabric with non-aqueous medium and alkali reduction processing with non-aqueous medium is different. The process of dyeing polyester fabric with non-aqueous medium is to select disperse dyes and dye polyester with disperse dye filter cake (non-commercial disperse dyes) in non-aqueous medium and under high temperature conditions, so that the disperse dyes enter the interior of the polyester fiber and color it, and there are certain requirements for the structure and purity of the disperse dyes; while the alkali reduction processing of polyester fabric in non-aqueous medium in the present invention is to hydrolyze the surface of polyester in non-aqueous medium with an alkali agent, hydrolyze the polyester on the surface of the polyester through the action of the alkali agent, make the polyester surface smoother, and improve the hand feel of the polyester fabric; the difference from the traditional water bath alkali reduction is that the method of the present invention reduces the amount of alkali agent used, and alkali reduction processing can also be carried out with a weak base, and no cationic accelerator is needed, and the water consumption of alkali reduction processing is reduced by 99%. Summary of the invention
[0006] The polyester alkali weight reduction processing process needs to be carried out under the condition of relatively high caustic soda and cationic accelerator dosage, which has the disadvantages of large consumption of water resources, energy and chemicals and is not conducive to energy conservation, emission reduction and cost reduction. The present invention provides a method for using an organic solvent instead of water as a polyester alkali weight reduction processing medium.
[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:
[0008] A polyester fabric alkali reduction processing method comprises the following steps: the polyester fabric is immersed or rolled in a 1-50g / L alkali agent aqueous solution, and the liquid carrying rate is maintained at 50-150%, and then the polyester fabric is put into an organic solvent for alkali reduction processing, the alkali reduction bath ratio is 1:4-1:20, and then the temperature is increased to 90-130°C at a heating rate of 1-4°C / min, and the temperature is kept for 20-60min, and after the heat preservation is completed, the fabric is washed with an organic solvent and dried.
[0009] Furthermore, the alkaline agent is one or more of sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate, and sodium bicarbonate.
[0010] Furthermore, the organic solvent is one of ethanol, liquid paraffin, decamethylcyclopentasiloxane, dimethyl sulfoxide, dimethylacetamide, and oil organic solvents.
[0011] Furthermore, no cationic alkali weight reduction accelerator needs to be added during the alkali weight reduction process.
[0012] Furthermore, the fabric after the alkali weight reduction process is washed with an organic solvent, and the organic solvent after washing is recycled to achieve zero emission.
[0013] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: using organic solvent instead of water as a polyester alkali reduction processing medium, by virtue of the characteristics of the organic solvent, the alkali agent is promoted to be enriched on the surface of the polyester fiber, the hydrolysis rate of polyester is increased, and the alkali reduction processing efficiency of the polyester fabric is improved, so that the alkali reduction processing of the polyester can be carried out under the conditions of lower sodium hydroxide and no cationic accelerator. The method reduces the water consumption of the alkali reduction processing by 99%, reduces the amount of alkali agent, and does not need to use an alkali reduction accelerator. At the same time, the organic solvent is recycled after recovery to achieve zero emission. The quality indicators of the prepared polyester fabric are consistent with those of the fabric after alkali reduction processing with a conventional accelerator.
[0014] The technical solution of the invention has simple process and is easy to operate, has no special requirements on polyester fabrics and equipment, can be mass-produced using conventional equipment, and has broad application prospects. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0015] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.
[0016] Figure 1 This is an electron microscope photo of the polyester raw fabric;
[0017] Figure 2This is an electron microscope photo of polyester after alkali weight reduction treatment in the control experiment;
[0018] Figure 3 This is an electron microscope photograph of the polyester fabric after alkali weight reduction treatment in Example 1. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0019] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments. It should be understood that the following embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention and are not used to limit the scope of the present invention, and those skilled in the art in this field can make some non-essential improvements and adjustments based on the content of the above invention.
[0020] Example 1
[0021] A polyester fabric alkali reduction processing method, the alkali reduction processing process is: the polyester fabric is immersed in 1g / L sodium hydroxide aqueous solution, maintaining a liquid carrying rate of 150%, and then the polyester fabric is put into ethanol for alkali reduction processing, the alkali reduction bath ratio is 1:20, and then the temperature is increased to 130°C at a heating rate of 4°C / min, and the temperature is kept for 60 minutes. After the insulation is completed, it is washed and dried with ethanol, and the washing ethanol is recovered and recycled.
[0022] Example 2
[0023] A polyester fabric alkali reduction processing method, the alkali reduction processing process is: the polyester fabric is immersed in a 50g / L sodium carbonate aqueous solution, maintaining a liquid carrying rate of 50%, and then the polyester fabric is put into liquid paraffin for alkali reduction processing, the alkali reduction bath ratio is 1:4, and then the temperature is increased to 90°C at a heating rate of 1°C / min, and the temperature is kept for 40 minutes. After the insulation is completed, the liquid paraffin is used for washing and drying, and the washing liquid paraffin is recovered and recycled.
[0024] Example 3
[0025] A polyester fabric alkali reduction processing method, the alkali reduction processing process is: the polyester fabric is immersed in a 5g / L potassium hydroxide aqueous solution, maintaining a liquid carrying rate of 80%, and then the polyester fabric is put into decamethylcyclopentasiloxane for alkali reduction processing, the alkali reduction bath ratio is 1:10, and then the temperature is increased to 110°C at a heating rate of 2°C / min, and the temperature is kept for 30 minutes. After the insulation is completed, the decamethylcyclopentasiloxane is used for washing and drying, and the decamethylcyclopentasiloxane used for washing is recovered and recycled.
[0026] Example 4
[0027] A polyester fabric alkali reduction processing method, the alkali reduction processing process is: the polyester fabric is immersed in a 15g / L potassium carbonate aqueous solution, maintaining a 100% liquid carrying rate, and then the polyester fabric is put into dimethyl sulfoxide for alkali reduction processing, the alkali reduction bath ratio is 1:15, and then the temperature is increased to 120°C at a heating rate of 3°C / min, and the temperature is kept for 45 minutes. After the insulation is completed, the dimethyl sulfoxide is used for washing and drying, and the dimethyl sulfoxide used for washing is recovered and recycled.
[0028] Example 5
[0029] A polyester fabric alkali reduction processing method, the alkali reduction processing process is: the polyester fabric is immersed in a 50g / L sodium bicarbonate aqueous solution, maintaining a liquid carrying rate of 140%, and then the polyester fabric is put into dimethylacetamide for alkali reduction processing, the alkali reduction bath ratio is 1:8, and then the temperature is increased to 125°C at a heating rate of 2.5°C / min, and the temperature is kept for 35 minutes. After the insulation is completed, the dimethylacetamide is used for washing and drying, and the dimethylacetamide used for washing is recovered and recycled.
[0030] Example 6
[0031] The invention discloses an alkali weight reduction processing method for polyester fabric. The alkali weight reduction processing process is as follows: the polyester fabric is immersed in a mixed aqueous solution of 5g / L sodium hydroxide and 5g / L sodium bicarbonate, and the liquid carrying rate is maintained at 80%. Then, the polyester fabric is put into soybean oil for alkali weight reduction processing, and the alkali weight reduction bath ratio is 1:18. Then, the temperature is increased to 105°C at a heating rate of 1.5°C / min, and the temperature is kept for 55 minutes. After the temperature is kept, the fabric is washed and dried with soybean oil, and the washing soybean oil is recovered and recycled.
[0032] Example 7
[0033] A polyester fabric alkali reduction processing method, the alkali reduction processing process is: the polyester fabric is immersed in a 10g / L sodium hydroxide aqueous solution, maintaining a liquid carrying rate of 85%, and then the polyester fabric is put into decamethylcyclopentasiloxane for alkali reduction processing, the alkali reduction bath ratio is 1:18, and then the temperature is increased to 95°C at a heating rate of 3.5°C / min, and the temperature is kept for 35 minutes. After the insulation is completed, it is washed and dried with soybean oil, and the washing soybean oil is recovered and recycled.
[0034] Example 8
[0035] The invention discloses an alkali weight reduction processing method for polyester fabric. The alkali weight reduction processing process flow is as follows: the polyester fabric is immersed in a 30g / L sodium carbonate aqueous solution, and the liquid carrying rate is maintained at 145%. Then, the polyester fabric is put into peanut oil for alkali weight reduction processing, and the alkali weight reduction bath ratio is 1:13. Then, the temperature is increased to 120°C at a heating rate of 2°C / min, and the temperature is kept for 40 minutes. After the temperature is kept, the fabric is washed and dried with peanut oil, and the peanut oil used for washing is recovered and recycled.
[0036] Effects of the present invention
[0037] After the polyester fabrics were treated with alkali weight reduction by Examples 1-8, the following tests were performed on them. The test results are shown in Table 1.
[0038] 1) Determination of weight reduction rate: The samples after alkali weight reduction treatment were dried at 60°C in a 9053A electric constant temperature blast drying oven (Shanghai Yuejin Medical Device Factory), then heated to 105°C for 4 h, and then quickly weighed on an electronic balance. The weight reduction rate was calculated according to formula (1), where W0 and W1 are the absolute dry weights of the samples before and after treatment, respectively.
[0039]
[0040] 2) Determination of breaking strength: According to GB / T 3923.1-2013 "Tensile properties of textile fabrics Part 1: Determination of breaking strength and elongation at break by strip method", a T201 multi-functional strength tester is used to measure the warp and weft strength of the fabric.
[0041] Table 1 Test results of fabrics after alkali reduction treatment
[0042]
[0043]
[0044] Note: The control sample uses sodium hydroxide to perform alkali reduction processing on polyester by dipping process. The alkali reduction processing process is as follows: 25g / L sodium hydroxide, 1*10 -4 mmol / L accelerator 1227 was dissolved in water to prepare alkaline solution, and then the polyester fabric was put into the alkaline solution with an alkali reduction bath ratio of 1:20. The temperature was then raised to 130°C at a heating rate of 1°C / min and kept warm for 60 minutes. After the insulation was completed, the fabric was washed with water, neutralized, washed with water, and dried.
[0045] Figure 1 This is an electron microscope photo of the polyester raw fabric; Figure 2 This is an electron microscope photo of polyester (control sample) after alkali weight reduction treatment in the control experiment; Figure 3 This is an electron microscope photo of the polyester fabric after alkali reduction treatment in Example 1. As can be seen from the figure, certain "grooves" are formed on the surface of the polyester fabric after alkali reduction treatment, proving that the polyester has been successfully treated with alkali reduction treatment, and the electron microscope photo of the fabric after the control experiment traditional alkali reduction treatment process is similar to the electron microscope photo of the fabric after the non-aqueous medium alkali reduction treatment process in Example 1, proving that the alkali reduction treatment of the polyester fabric in Example 1 achieves the same effect as the traditional alkali reduction treatment.
[0046] As shown in Table 1, when an organic solvent is used instead of water as a medium for polyester alkali reduction processing, the reduction rate and strength of the fabric after alkali reduction processing are close to those of the conventional process without the need for an alkali reduction accelerator, which is lower than the conventional alkali reduction alkali agent dosage (the alkali agent consumption is calculated based on the fabric liquid carrying rate), and the water consumption is 1% of the conventional alkali reduction processing. It can be seen that the alkali reduction processing method provided by the present invention reduces the alkali reduction alkali agent dosage, does not require the use of a cationic accelerator, and can still give the fabric a higher reduction rate, and the strength loss of the fabric is close to that of the conventional process. The polyester alkali reduction processing method of the present invention saves 99% of water consumption, and at the same time, the organic solvent is recycled after recovery to achieve zero emission, the process is simple, easy to operate, and has no special requirements for polyester fabrics and equipment. Large-scale production can be carried out using conventional equipment, and it has broad application prospects.
[0047] The above shows and describes the basic principles and main features of the present invention and the advantages of the present invention. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions are only for explaining the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention may have various changes and improvements, which fall within the scope of the present invention to be protected. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents.
Claims
1. A polyester fabric alkali reduction processing method, characterized in that: Organic solvents are used instead of water in alkali reduction processing of polyester fabrics.
2. The alkali weight reduction processing method for polyester fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that The following steps are involved: The polyester fabric is immersed or rolled in an alkali aqueous solution to maintain a certain liquid rate, and then the polyester fabric is put into an organic solvent for alkali reduction processing, and then the temperature is raised to the alkali reduction processing temperature, and the temperature is kept for a period of time. After the insulation is completed, it is washed and dried with an organic solvent.
3. The alkali weight reduction processing method for polyester fabric according to claim 2, characterized in that: The alkali agent is one or more of sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate and sodium bicarbonate.
4. The alkali weight reduction processing method for polyester fabric according to claim 2, characterized in that: The concentration of the alkaline aqueous solution is 1-50 g / L.
5. The alkali weight reduction processing method for polyester fabric according to claim 2, characterized in that: The alkali solution carrying rate of the polyester fabric is 50-150%.
6. The alkali weight reduction processing method for polyester fabric according to claim 2, characterized in that: The organic solvent is one of ethanol, liquid paraffin, decamethylcyclopentasiloxane, dimethyl sulfoxide, dimethylacetamide, and oil organic solvents.
7. The alkali weight reduction processing method for polyester fabric according to claim 2, characterized in that: The alkali reduction bath ratio is 1:4 to 1:
20.
8. The alkali weight reduction processing method for polyester fabric according to claim 2, characterized in that: The temperature of the alkali weight reduction processing is 90-130° C., the heating rate is 1-4° C. / min, and the heat preservation time is 20-60 min.
9. The alkali weight reduction processing method for polyester fabric according to claim 2, characterized in that: No cationic alkali weight reduction accelerator needs to be added during the alkali weight reduction process.
10. The alkali weight reduction processing method for polyester fabric according to claim 2, characterized in that: The fabric after the alkali weight reduction process is washed with an organic solvent, and the organic solvent after washing is recycled to achieve zero emission.