Energy-saving subway tunnel wind pressure wind power generation device and control method

Abstract

The invention discloses an energy-saving subway tunnel wind pressure wind power generation device and a control method, a cavity structure is constructed between two tunnels running in two directions, and piston wind generated when a train runs in the two tunnels is guided into the cavity through a ventilation device so as to jointly drive a wind power generation device to generate power. Due to the fact that in the operation process of subway trains, few trains in two tunnels stop at the same station at the same moment, that is, few trains running in the opposite directions pass through any cavity area at the same time, the time difference is fully utilized through the design. Specifically, by means of the design, the shutdown duration of the wind power generation device can be remarkably shortened, the starting and stopping frequency of the wind power generation device is reduced, and therefore the overall power generation efficiency and the total power output are effectively improved. The innovation solves the problems of short operation time and frequent start and stop of the wind driven generator caused by train operation time intervals in the prior art.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of wind power generation, and in particular to an energy-saving subway tunnel wind pressure wind energy power generation device and a control method. Background Art

[0002] In a subway tunnel, since the movement direction of the subway train is fixed and the shape of the subway tunnel is also fixed, when the subway train runs at high speed in the tunnel, it will generate strong directional airflow, which is used for wind power generation.

[0003] However, trains running on the subway line have time intervals. When the wind turbines are fixed, the trains cannot provide continuous and stable wind power for the wind turbines. In this case, the downtime of the wind turbines is much longer than the start-up time, resulting in insufficient power generation of the wind turbines in the subway tunnels. In addition, unstable wind power will cause the wind turbines to start and stop frequently and have changing load operating states, which may accelerate wear and affect the service life of the equipment.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to provide an energy-saving subway tunnel wind pressure wind energy power generation device and a control method to solve the above technical problems. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention overcomes the deficiencies of the prior art and provides an energy-saving subway tunnel wind pressure wind energy power generation device and a control method.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: an energy-saving subway tunnel wind pressure wind energy power generation device, comprising: a wind collecting mechanism and a generator set arranged on the side wall of a double-hole subway tunnel;

[0007] A plurality of communication channels are arranged between the two-hole subway tunnels, and the air collecting mechanism comprises: a cavity arranged above the communication channel, a plurality of vents connected to the cavity, and a ventilation control system; the vents are arranged on the side walls of the two-hole subway tunnels, and the plurality of vents are distributed along the length direction of the two tunnels;

[0008] The ventilation control system is used to control the opening or closing state of the plurality of ventilation openings, and includes:

[0009] A plurality of wind speed collection modules are respectively arranged near the plurality of vents, and are used to collect wind speed data in the vents;

[0010] A data processing module, based on the monitoring data of the wind speed acquisition module, constructs a wind collection simulation model to simulate the wind path and wind speed in the cavity;

[0011] A calculation module, which calculates the best vent opening and closing measures based on the simulation results of the wind collection simulation model;

[0012] an execution module, receiving the vent opening and closing measures output by the calculation module, and adjusting the opening and closing of the corresponding vent;

[0013] The generator set is arranged in the cavity and generates electricity by utilizing the wind force in the cavity.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the positions and distributions of the ventilation openings in the two subway tunnels are consistent, but in opposite directions;

[0015] At the same position, the plurality of ventilation openings in the two tunnels are connected to the same cavity through air ducts, and the connection positions of the plurality of air ducts and the inner wall of the cavity are equidistantly distributed.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, an opening and closing mechanism is provided in the vent, and the opening and closing mechanism includes: a mounting rod crossing the vent, a wind shield plate provided on one side of the mounting rod, and a driving unit connected to one end of the mounting rod; one end of the mounting rod is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the vent, and the other end passes through the tube body of the vent and is connected to the driving unit; the shape of the wind shield plate is consistent with the cross-sectional shape of the vent.

[0017] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the wind speed data includes: location information, a timestamp and a wind speed value.

[0018] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the construction of the wind collection simulation model includes:

[0019] Collecting the data of the size and distribution of the vents, the size and distribution of the cavities, and the size and distribution of the air ducts, and constructing a geometric model of the air collection mechanism in a fluid simulation software;

[0020] Describe the air flow behavior in the geometric model based on computational fluid dynamics technology;

[0021] According to the position of the generator set in the cavity, a corresponding number of observation points are arranged in the geometric model, and a measurement system is used to count the wind speed changes at the observation points when the vents are in the open or closed state.

[0022] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the ventilation opening and closing measures specifically include the position of each ventilation opening within a time period, and the open or closed state of the ventilation opening.

[0023] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the calculation of the optimal vent opening and closing measures includes the following steps:

[0024] Through cross-experiments, the wind speed in each vent under different vent opening and closing measures is obtained;

[0025] The experimental data were imported into the wind simulation model to simulate the wind field under different vent opening and closing measures during the actual subway operation, and then the wind speed changes at several observation points were obtained.

[0026] The wind speed change data at several observation points are used to calculate the operating power of the generator set, and the power data at different time points are plotted into a success rate change curve;

[0027] Through the particle swarm optimization algorithm, the optimal ventilation opening and closing measures are obtained to maximize the output power of the generator set.

[0028] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the generator set comprises: a generator and an energy storage system disposed in the cavity, and an impeller connected to the motor shaft of the generator; a rectangular groove is provided at the bottom of the cavity for installing the energy storage system, the generator is connected to the energy storage system, and the energy storage system is used to store the electric energy generated by the generator; a plurality of the generators are installed in the cavity, distributed in a matrix, and a spacing is left between adjacent generators;

[0029] The impeller comprises three blades, and each of the blades is provided with a variable pitch mechanism.

[0030] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a diffuser is arranged around the impeller, and the diffuser is funnel-shaped, and the diameter of the air inlet side is smaller than the diameter of the air outlet side.

[0031] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the control method of the variable pitch mechanism comprises the following steps:

[0032] Based on the real-time wind speed data output by the wind collection simulation model, the wind speed data at the observation point where the generator is located is obtained;

[0033] Generate control signals based on wind speed data at the observation point where the generator is located and a preset control strategy;

[0034] The variable pitch mechanism adjusts the pitch angle of the blades according to the control signal to optimize wind energy capture.

[0035] A control method for an energy-saving subway tunnel wind pressure wind energy power generation device based on any one of the above items comprises the following steps:

[0036] S1. Collect the ventilation outlet wind speed data and the power generation of the generator set during the day when the train is running;

[0037] S2. During the night when the train is not in service, the collected data is transmitted to the wind collection simulation model for optimization calculation to obtain the best vent opening and closing measures;

[0038] S3. Based on the optimal ventilation opening and closing measures, the opening and closing of several ventilation openings are controlled in real time when the train is running on the second day;

[0039] S4. While performing step S3, continuously collect the vent wind speed data and the power generation of the generator set, and continuously repeat steps S2 to S4 to iteratively optimize the vent opening and closing measures.

[0040] The present invention solves the defects existing in the background technology and has the following beneficial effects:

[0041] (1) The present invention provides an energy-saving subway tunnel wind pressure wind energy power generation device, which constructs a cavity structure between two bidirectional tunnels, and uses a ventilation device to introduce the piston wind generated by the trains running in the two tunnels into the cavity, so as to jointly drive a wind power generation device to generate electricity. In view of the fact that during the operation of subway trains, trains in the two tunnels rarely stop at the same station at the same time, that is, trains traveling in opposite directions rarely pass through any cavity area at the same time, the design of the present invention makes full use of this time difference. Specifically, the design can significantly reduce the downtime of the wind power generation device and reduce the frequency of its start and stop, thereby effectively improving the overall power generation efficiency and total power output. This innovation solves the problem of short operating time and frequent start and stop of wind turbines caused by the time interval between train operations in the prior art.

[0042] (2) The present invention sets an opening and closing mechanism in the vent, and controls the rotation angle of the wind shield in the vent through a driving mechanism to achieve two states: ventilation and non-ventilation. Combined with the connection between multiple vents and the cavity, the vents at different positions are controlled in the ventilation and non-ventilation states, so as to achieve the change of the direction of the tunnel air entering the cavity and realize different wind flow paths in the cavity. When used in conjunction with the generator set, it must pass through all the generator sets, and the wind speed when passing through is maximized, so as to achieve the effect of maintaining the best working condition of the generator set.

[0043] (3) The present invention obtains a geometric model of a wind collection mechanism by constructing a wind collection simulation model. Wind field changes can be simulated in the geometric model, including wind flow path and wind speed. By detecting the wind speed changes at the observation point, the wind speed that the generator set can receive under different wind fields can be simulated. Based on the parameters of the generator set, the operating conditions of the generator set can be calculated, providing a simulation platform for optimizing the opening and closing distribution of the vents. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0044] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art are briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0045] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a double tunnel of a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of an opening and closing mechanism of a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a diffuser of a preferred embodiment of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 4 and Figure 5 They are schematic diagrams of opening and closing measures of the vents in preferred embodiments of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 6 This is a flow chart of a control method of an energy-saving subway tunnel wind pressure wind energy power generation device of the present invention;

[0050] In the figure: 100, communication channel; 200, cavity; 300, vent; 400, mounting rod; 500, wind shield; 600, impeller; 700, diffuser; 310, vent open state; 320, vent closed state; 330, generator set; 340, A tunnel subway; 350, B tunnel subway. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0051] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0052] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention, but the present invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0053] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present application.

[0054] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood by specific circumstances.

[0055] Double-hole subway tunnel, in subway tunnel engineering, is divided into two engineering schemes: double-line single-hole and double-line double-hole. When the stratum is of high quality, the double-line single-hole project is selected, and when the stratum is of poor quality, the double-line double-hole project is selected. The double-line double-hole is to decompose a large hole into two small holes for two trains running in opposite directions.

[0056] A communication channel 100 should be provided between two single-track section tunnels, and the distance between two adjacent communication channels 100 should not be greater than 600 meters. Such a design is to ensure that in an emergency, such as a fire or other disaster, passengers can evacuate from one tunnel to another through the communication channel 100 to ensure safety.

[0057] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides an energy-saving subway tunnel wind pressure wind energy power generation device, including: a wind collecting mechanism and a generator set arranged on the side wall of a double-hole subway tunnel; a plurality of connecting channels 100 are arranged between the double-hole subway tunnels, and the distance between two adjacent connecting channels 100 is less than 600 meters.

[0058] The wind collecting mechanism in this embodiment includes: a cavity 200 arranged above the communication channel 100, a plurality of vents 300 connected to the cavity 200, and a ventilation control system. The vents 300 are arranged on the inner wall of the double-hole subway tunnel, and the plurality of vents 300 are distributed along the length direction of the two tunnels, for collecting piston wind in the subway tunnel and transmitting it to the cavity 200 through the air duct.

[0059] At least one cavity 200 is arranged above each communication channel 100, and the cavity 200 is in the shape of a horizontal cylindrical or semi-cylindrical cavity. The vent 300 is arranged on the inner wall of the subway tunnel, preferably on the top wall. Specifically, the vent 300 is a ventilation duct with a rectangular, circular or elliptical cross-section, and is fixed by means of an installation frame constructed by angle iron or square tube. It is worth noting that the opening direction of the vent 300 is opposite to the direction of travel of the train, and is used to receive the piston effect wind generated when the train passes through the tunnel.

[0060] In this embodiment, the length of the cavity 200 is 5-6 meters and the width is 1.5-3 meters. The specific size design of the cavity 200 is based on the actual subway tunnel construction to ensure the stability and safety of the tunnel.

[0061] In the arrangement of the top of the tunnel, the vents 300 are arranged horizontally or distributed in an orderly manner according to the shape of the tunnel cross section, aiming to maximize the use of space to achieve effective ventilation performance. When the tunnel space conditions permit, further consideration is given to adding a number of vents 300 on both sides of the tunnel. Such a design strategy can collect more abundant air volume within the same time window, thereby significantly improving the efficiency and effectiveness of the entire ventilation system.

[0062] The positions of the vents 300 in the two subway tunnels are consistent, but the openings of the vents 300 face opposite directions. The consistent position distribution can simplify the design and installation process and reduce construction and maintenance costs. At the same position, several vents 300 in the two tunnels are connected to the same cavity 200 through air ducts. It is worth noting that the other end of the air duct is connected to the cavity 200, and the connection positions of several air ducts and the inner wall of the cavity 200 are equidistantly distributed.

[0063] The present invention arranges a plurality of vents 300 in two tunnels in cooperation with the cavity 200, so that the piston wind generated by the train passing through the vents 300 enters the cavity 200, and has a process of staying and accelerating. In this way, the time for the wind to act on the impeller of the generator set is increased, thereby improving the conversion efficiency of wind energy. And based on the Bernoulli principle, when the flow rate of a fluid (including a gas) increases, its pressure will decrease. When the wind enters the cavity 200 from the vents 300, since the cross-sectional area of ​​the cavity 200 is larger than that of the vents 300, the flow rate of the wind will increase, resulting in a decrease in pressure. This pressure difference will cause more wind to enter the cavity 200, forming an accelerated airflow, and the wind volume and wind speed acting on the impeller will increase, thereby increasing the power of the generator set.

[0064] like Figure 2As shown, an opening and closing mechanism is also provided in the vent 300, and the opening and closing mechanism includes: a mounting rod 400 that crosses the vent 300, a windshield 500 that is provided on one side of the mounting rod 400, and a driving unit connected to one end of the mounting rod 400. One end of the mounting rod 400 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the vent 300, and the other end passes through the tube body of the vent 300 and is connected to the driving unit, and the axis of the mounting rod 400 is in a straight line with the center of the cross section of the vent 300. The shape of the windshield 500 is consistent with the cross section of the vent 300, and when the mounting rod 400 rotates, it presents different inclination angles in the vent 300, so as to adjust the opening and closing degree of the vent 300. The driving unit is arranged on the outer surface of the vent 300, and the output end of the driving unit is connected to one end of the mounting rod 400, so as to drive the mounting rod 400 to rotate along the axis; wherein the driving unit is specifically a reduction motor directly connected to the mounting rod 400, and the rotation angle of the reduction motor is set to achieve different rotation angles of the mounting rod 400.

[0065] In another embodiment, the driving unit further includes: an electric cylinder arranged on the outer surface of the vent 300, and a connecting rod arranged on the upper end of the electric cylinder; the cross-sections of the electric cylinder and the mounting rod 400 are perpendicular to each other, and one end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected to the outer surface of the mounting rod 400. In this embodiment, the connecting rod is driven to move in a circle along the axis of the mounting rod 400 by the extension and contraction of the electric cylinder, thereby driving the mounting rod 400 to different rotation angles.

[0066] The present invention provides an opening and closing mechanism in the vent 300, and controls the rotation angle of the wind shield 500 in the vent 300 through a driving mechanism to achieve two states: ventilation and non-ventilation. Combined with the connection between multiple vents 300 and the cavity 200, the vents 300 at different positions are controlled in the ventilation and non-ventilation states, thereby realizing the change of the direction of tunnel air intake into the cavity 200 and realizing different wind flow paths in the cavity 200. When used in conjunction with a generator set, it can achieve the effect of maintaining the optimal working condition of the generator set.

[0067] The ventilation control system in this embodiment is used to control the opening or closing state of the plurality of ventilation openings 300, including:

[0068] Several wind speed collection modules are respectively arranged near several vents 300 to collect wind speed data in the vents 300; wherein the wind speed data includes: location information, timestamp and wind speed value.

[0069] The data processing module constructs a wind collection simulation model based on the monitoring data of the wind speed acquisition module to simulate the wind path and wind speed in the cavity 200.

[0070] The calculation module calculates the best opening and closing measures of the vents 300 based on the simulation results of the wind collection simulation model.

[0071] The execution module receives the opening and closing measures of the vents 300 output by the calculation module, and adjusts the opening or closing state of the corresponding vents 300.

[0072] The generator set is disposed in the cavity 200 and generates electricity by utilizing the wind power in the cavity 200 .

[0073] In the subway tunnel system, trains run at predetermined time intervals. The present invention innovatively constructs a cavity 200 structure between two bidirectional tunnels, and cleverly uses ventilation devices to introduce piston wind generated by trains running in the two tunnels into the cavity 200, thereby jointly driving a wind power generation device to generate electricity. In view of the fact that during the operation of subway trains, trains in the two tunnels will not stop at the same station at the same time, that is, trains running in opposite directions will not pass through any cavity 200 area at the same time, the design of the present invention makes full use of this time difference.

[0074] Specifically, the design can significantly reduce the downtime of wind power generation devices and reduce the frequency of their start and stop, thereby effectively improving the overall power generation efficiency and total power output. This innovation solves the problem of short operation time and frequent start and stop of wind turbines caused by train operation time intervals in the prior art. Such problems not only limit the increase in power generation, but also accelerate the wear of the equipment, thereby shortening the service life of the equipment. Through the implementation of the present invention, the above problems are effectively solved.

[0075] The ventilation control system described above will be described in detail below.

[0076] In subway tunnels, piston wind is the air flow generated by the movement of trains, and its wind speed and direction change with the movement of the train.

[0077] The wind speed acquisition module in this embodiment is specifically an ultrasonic sensor, a hot wire anemometer or a Pitot tube, etc. The wind speed acquisition module senses the speed and direction of air flow and converts it into an electrical signal. The electrical signal is amplified, filtered and digitized to finally obtain the wind speed value. This is the existing technology and will not be elaborated on.

[0078] At the same time, the wind speed collection module also records the time series of wind speed data, which can continuously track and save a complete record of wind speed changes over time. Furthermore, each wind speed collection module is arranged near a vent 300 and is uniquely coded for its position. The position code is not only used to identify the specific location of each collection point, but also to ensure that the wind speed data can be accurately matched with the collection location during data processing and analysis. In summary, the data finally output by the wind speed collection module contains accurate location information, timestamps, and wind speed values. These data are presented in a structured form, which greatly facilitates subsequent analysis and processing.

[0079] In this embodiment, the wind collection simulation model is constructed with the cavity 200 as a unit, specifically:

[0080] The size and distribution data of the vents 300, the size and distribution of the cavities 200, and the size and distribution of the air ducts are collected, and a geometric model of the air collection mechanism is constructed in a fluid simulation software. The fluid simulation software includes but is not limited to tools such as Fluent, OpenFOAM, FLOW-3D, or waves2Foam, and Fluent is preferably used.

[0081] Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) technology is used to describe the air flow behavior, namely the wind field, in the geometric model.

[0082] According to the position of the generator set in the cavity 200, a corresponding number of observation points are arranged in the geometric model, and the wind speed change at the observation point under different opening and closing states of the vents 300 is counted using the measurement system. The wind speed change at the observation point simulates the wind speed change acting on the generator set.

[0083] By constructing a wind collection simulation model, a geometric model of a wind collection mechanism is obtained, in which wind field changes can be simulated, including wind flow path and wind speed. By detecting the wind speed changes at the observation point, the wind speed that the generator set can receive under different wind fields can be simulated. Based on the parameters of the generator set, the operating conditions of the generator set can be calculated, providing a simulation platform for optimizing the opening and closing distribution of the vents 300.

[0084] Furthermore, since the power generation of the generator set is proportional to the cube of the wind speed, the specific power calculation of the generator set is: Where r is the radius of the impeller (m), v is the wind speed acting on the impeller (m / s), and ρ is the air density (kg / m 3 ), n is the efficiency factor (n=40%).

[0085] The opening and closing measures of the vents 300 in this embodiment are specifically: the position of each vent 300 within a time period, and the opening and closing state (open / closed) of the vent 300. The calculation of the optimal opening and closing measures of the vents 300 includes the following steps:

[0086] Step 1: Through cross-experiments, obtain the wind speed conditions in each vent 300 under different opening and closing measures of the vent 300. That is, each time a train passes by, the positions of opening and closing the vent 300 are different, and repeated experiments are performed to obtain the wind speed data of each vent 300. The purpose of closing some vents 300 is that when a train passes from one side, the wind path in the cavity 200 passes through all the generator sets under the premise of ensuring the wind speed.

[0087] Step 2: Import the data obtained in step 1 into the wind simulation model to simulate the wind field under different opening and closing measures of the vents 300 during actual subway operation, and then obtain the wind speed changes at several observation points.

[0088] Step 3: Calculate the operating power of the generator set according to the wind speed change data at several observation points obtained in step 2, and plot the power data at different time points into a success rate change curve. The power change curve shows the power output of the generator set over time, reflecting the relationship between power generation efficiency and wind speed changes. The power change curve provides a basis for the subsequent optimization of the opening and closing measures of the vents 300. By analyzing the power change curve, the efficiency and output power of the generator set under different opening and closing states of the vents 300 can be understood, thereby providing data support for finding the best opening and closing measures of the vents 300.

[0089] Step 4: Obtain the best opening and closing measures of the vents 300 by using a particle swarm optimization algorithm to maximize the output power of the generator set. The particle swarm optimization algorithm is an optimization algorithm based on swarm intelligence, which simulates the social behavior of a flock of birds to find the optimal solution. In this embodiment, the particle swarm optimization algorithm is used to find the best opening and closing measures of the vents 300 to maximize the output power of the generator set.

[0090] like Figure 4 As shown, an exemplary opening and closing measure of the vent 300 when the A tunnel subway 340 runs to the position described in the figure, the wind flow will be concentrated to pass through all the generator sets.

[0091] like Figure 5 As shown, another exemplary opening and closing measure of the vents 300 when the B tunnel subway 340 runs to the position described in the figure, the wind flow will also be concentrated to pass through all the generator sets.

[0092] Specifically, the best opening and closing measure for the vents 300 is: of all the vents 300 in a cavity 200, part is in an open state, and the other part is in a closed state. By adjusting the distribution of the open or closed positions of the vents 300, the wind flow path in the cavity 200 is controlled so that it must pass through all the generator sets, and the wind speed when passing through is maximized, thereby achieving the effect of the best operating condition of the generator set.

[0093] The present invention is provided with a ventilation control system, and based on the collection of wind speed data of the vents 300, a wind collection simulation model is constructed. When simulating the wind field under different opening and closing measures of the vents 300 during the actual operation of the subway, the operating power of the generator set is calculated, and the particle swarm optimization algorithm is used to obtain the best opening and closing measures of the vents 300 to maximize the output power of the generator set. Through the ventilation control system, the wind path and wind speed acting on the generator set in the cavity 200 are controlled, so that the generator set is always in the best working condition under the current conditions, and the efficiency of wind power generation in the subway tunnel is improved.

[0094] The generator set in this embodiment includes: a generator and an energy storage system disposed in the cavity 200, and an impeller 600 connected to the motor shaft of the generator. A rectangular groove is provided at the bottom of the cavity 200 for installing the energy storage system, the generator is connected to the energy storage system, and the energy storage system is used to store the electrical energy generated by the generator.

[0095] Several generators are installed in the cavity 200 in a matrix distribution, with a distance of 0.5-1m between adjacent generators to ensure that the wind in the cavity 200 can pass through the gaps between the generators, thereby preventing the rear row generators from receiving too little wind to meet the starting wind speed.

[0096] like Figure 3 As shown, further, a diffuser 700 is arranged around the impeller 600, and the diffuser 700 is funnel-shaped, and the diameter of the air inlet side is smaller than the diameter of the air outlet side. That is to say, the diffuser 700 is a funnel-shaped structure that is connected from front to back and is smaller in the front and larger in the back. The impeller 600 rotates in the diffuser 700, and the wind enters the diffuser 700 from the front of the impeller 600. As the wind enters, the diameter of the diffuser 700 gradually increases, that is, a low-pressure area is formed on the air outlet side of the diffuser 700, resulting in the wind speed increasing to 1.3 to 1.5 times the original after the wind enters the diffuser 700. The power generation of the generator is proportional to the cube of the impeller wind speed. That is to say, by arranging the impeller 700 on the air outlet side of the diffuser 700, the impeller 600 can obtain 1.3 to 1.5 times the conventional wind speed, thereby achieving a power generation of the original (1.3 to 1.5) 3 , which is about 3 times the power generation.

[0097] The impeller 600 includes three blades, and each blade is provided with a pitch mechanism. The pitch mechanism uses electric pitch control, combined with real-time wind speed data output by the wind collection simulation model, to dynamically adjust the pitch angle to adapt to different wind speed conditions, to optimize wind energy capture, and to avoid the phenomenon of overload caused by the impeller 600 rotating too fast. The control method of the pitch mechanism specifically includes the following steps:

[0098] Based on the real-time wind speed data output by the wind collection simulation model, the wind speed data at the observation point where the generator is located is obtained;

[0099] The control signal is generated according to the wind speed data at the observation point where the generator is located and the preset control strategy; the control strategy is based on the maximum power point tracking algorithm, specifically: the current power output is calculated according to the wind speed and the impeller 600 speed, and the impeller 600 speed is adjusted through the maximum power point tracking algorithm to make the generator run at the maximum power point.

[0100] The variable pitch mechanism adjusts the pitch angle of the blades according to the control signal to optimize wind energy capture.

[0101] The wind force in the cavity 200 is unstable and discontinuous, and the rotation speed of the impeller 600 of the generator set can only be determined by the wind force, which cannot achieve the optimized wind power conversion efficiency, and has poor flexibility. At the same time, when the wind force is strong, it is easy to cause the impeller 600 to rotate too fast and cause overload, and the stability is poor. Therefore, the present invention provides a generator set, each blade of the impeller 600 is provided with a variable pitch mechanism combined with the real-time wind speed data output by the wind collection simulation model, and the pitch angle is dynamically adjusted to adapt to different wind speed conditions, to optimize wind energy capture, and to avoid the phenomenon of overload caused by the impeller 600 rotating too fast.

[0102] like Figure 6 As shown, the present invention also provides a control method for an energy-saving subway tunnel wind pressure wind energy power generation device, comprising the following steps:

[0103] S1. Collect the wind speed data of the vents 300 and the power generation of the generator set during the day when the train is running. In the early experimental stage after the wind power generation device is successfully arranged, it is the stage of implementing cross-experiments, that is, each time the train passes by, the positions of opening and closing the vents 300 are different, and repeated experiments are carried out to obtain the wind speed data of each vent 300.

[0104] S2. During the night when the train is not in service, the collected data is transmitted to the wind collection simulation model for optimization calculation to obtain the best vent opening and closing measures. When the subway is not in service, no piston wind will be generated in the tunnel. During this time, simulation and calculation are performed in the wind collection simulation model to find the best vent opening and closing measures to maximize the output power of the generator set.

[0105] S3. According to the optimal vent opening and closing measures, the opening and closing of several vents 300 are controlled in real time when the train is running on the second day. Because the train running time is basically unchanged every day, that is, the time and speed of the train passing through the cavity 200 at a certain position are consistent, that is, the generation of piston wind is regular, so according to this law, the optimal vent opening and closing measures are generated, that is, including the generation, continuation and disappearance stages of each piston wind, to control the opening and closing of the vents 300, so as to maximize the output power of the generator set.

[0106] S4. While performing step S3, continuously collect the wind speed data of the vent 300 and the power generation of the generator set, and continuously repeat steps S2 to S4 to iteratively optimize the opening and closing measures of the vent 300.

[0107] The present invention performs cyclic iterations through the above steps, continuously optimizes the opening and closing measures of the vent 300, improves the power generation efficiency of the energy-saving subway tunnel wind pressure wind energy power generation device, and realizes the maximum utilization of energy.

[0108] The above is based on the ideal embodiment of the present invention. Through the above description, relevant personnel can make various changes and modifications without departing from the technical concept of the present invention. The technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the content in the specification, and the technical scope must be determined according to the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. An energy-saving subway tunnel wind pressure wind energy power generation device, comprising: The wind collecting mechanism and the generator set are arranged on the side wall of a double-hole subway tunnel, and are characterized by: A plurality of communication channels are arranged between the two-hole subway tunnels, and the air collecting mechanism comprises: a cavity arranged above the communication channel, a plurality of vents connected to the cavity, and a ventilation control system; the vents are arranged on the side walls of the two-hole subway tunnels, and the plurality of vents are distributed along the length direction of the two tunnels; The ventilation control system is used to control the opening or closing state of the plurality of ventilation openings, and includes: A plurality of wind speed collection modules are respectively arranged near the plurality of vents, and are used to collect wind speed data in the vents; A data processing module, based on the monitoring data of the wind speed acquisition module, constructs a wind collection simulation model to simulate the wind path and wind speed in the cavity; A calculation module, which calculates the best vent opening and closing measures based on the simulation results of the wind collection simulation model; an execution module, receiving the vent opening and closing measures output by the calculation module, and adjusting the opening and closing of the corresponding vent; The generator set is arranged in the cavity and generates electricity by utilizing the wind force in the cavity.

2. The energy-saving subway tunnel wind pressure wind energy power generation device according to claim 1 is characterized by: In the two subway tunnels, the ventilation openings are distributed in the same position but in opposite directions; At the same position, the plurality of ventilation openings in the two tunnels are connected to the same cavity through air ducts, and the connection positions of the plurality of air ducts and the inner wall of the cavity are equidistantly distributed.

3. The energy-saving subway tunnel wind pressure wind energy power generation device according to claim 1 is characterized by: An opening and closing mechanism is arranged in the vent, and the opening and closing mechanism includes: a mounting rod crossing the vent, a windshield plate arranged on one side of the mounting rod, and a driving unit connected to one end of the mounting rod; one end of the mounting rod is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the vent, and the other end passes through the tube body of the vent and is connected to the driving unit; the shape of the windshield plate is consistent with the cross-sectional shape of the vent.

4. The energy-saving subway tunnel wind pressure wind energy power generation device according to claim 1 is characterized by: The wind speed data includes: location information, timestamp and wind speed value.

5. The energy-saving subway tunnel wind pressure wind energy power generation device according to claim 1 is characterized by: The construction of the wind collection simulation model includes: Collecting the data of the size and distribution of the vents, the size and distribution of the cavities, and the size and distribution of the air ducts, and constructing a geometric model of the air collection mechanism in a fluid simulation software; Describe the air flow behavior in the geometric model based on computational fluid dynamics technology; According to the position of the generator set in the cavity, a corresponding number of observation points are arranged in the geometric model, and a measurement system is used to count the wind speed changes at the observation points when the vents are in the open or closed state.

6. The energy-saving subway tunnel wind pressure wind energy power generation device according to claim 1 is characterized by: The ventilation opening and closing measures specifically include the position of each ventilation hole within a time period, and the open or closed state of the ventilation hole.

7. The energy-saving subway tunnel wind pressure wind energy power generation device according to claim 1 is characterized by: The calculation of the optimal ventilation opening and closing measures includes the following steps: Through cross-experiments, the wind speed in each vent under different vent opening and closing measures is obtained; The experimental data were imported into the wind simulation model to simulate the wind field under different vent opening and closing measures during the actual subway operation, and then the wind speed changes at several observation points were obtained. The wind speed change data at several observation points are used to calculate the operating power of the generator set, and the power data at different time points are plotted into a success rate change curve; Through the particle swarm optimization algorithm, the optimal ventilation opening and closing measures are obtained to maximize the output power of the generator set.

8. The energy-saving subway tunnel wind pressure wind energy power generation device according to claim 1 is characterized by: The generator set comprises: a generator and an energy storage system arranged in the cavity, and an impeller connected to the motor shaft of the generator; a rectangular groove is provided at the bottom of the cavity for installing the energy storage system, the generator is connected to the energy storage system, and the energy storage system is used to store the electric energy generated by the generator; a plurality of the generators are installed in the cavity, distributed in a matrix, and a distance is left between adjacent generators; The impeller comprises three blades, and each of the blades is provided with a variable pitch mechanism.

9. The energy-saving subway tunnel wind pressure wind energy power generation device according to claim 8, characterized in that: A diffuser is arranged around the impeller, and the diffuser is funnel-shaped, and the diameter of the air inlet side is smaller than the diameter of the air outlet side.

10. A control method for an energy-saving subway tunnel wind pressure wind energy power generation device, based on an energy-saving subway tunnel wind pressure wind energy power generation device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Collect the ventilation outlet wind speed data and the power generation of the generator set during the day when the train is running; S2. During the night when the train is not in service, the collected data is transmitted to the wind collection simulation model for optimization calculation to obtain the best vent opening and closing measures; S3. Based on the optimal ventilation opening and closing measures, the opening and closing of several ventilation openings are controlled in real time when the train is running on the second day; S4. While performing step S3, continuously collect the vent wind speed data and the power generation of the generator set, and continuously repeat steps S2 to S4 to iteratively optimize the vent opening and closing measures.

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