Floating double-chamber balance gun structure

Abstract

The invention relates to a floating double-powder-chamber balance gun structure which comprises a front body tube, a first powder chamber, a second powder chamber, bullets, a balance body and a rear body tube. The front body tube is a motion section of the projectile; the first powder chamber is used for filling a first main charge; the second powder chamber clings to the balance body and is used for filling a second main charge; the projectile is a main launcher; and the balance body is used for balancing recoil force generated by launching the projectile. Compared with the prior art, through the arrangement of the first powder chamber and the second powder chamber, the initial running speed of the projectile is increased on the premise that the maximum in-chamber pressure of the balance gun is not increased; according to the invention, simple structure and principle are applied, the problem of high bore pressure caused by high initial velocity index of a large-diameter barrel weapon can be solved, safe test launching of the barrel weapon is realized, and the test device provided by the invention is simple in structure, simple to operate, safe, reliable, economical and practical.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of weapon launching systems, in particular to a floating double-chamber balanced gun structure. Background Art

[0002] Artillery is known as the "God of War". Generally, artillery is fired with the chamber closed. The high-temperature and high-pressure gas generated by the combustion of the propellant not only drives the projectile, but also acts on the gun through the breech, causing the gun to recoil. Modern warfare requires artillery weapons to be powerful, accurate, and maneuverable. How to reduce the huge recoil during artillery firing is the key to coordinating the contradictions between artillery power, maneuverability, and shooting accuracy.

[0003] In order to reduce the recoil of artillery, various recoil reduction technologies and corresponding anti-recoil devices have been studied at home and abroad, which have reduced the recoil impulse generated during the artillery firing process to varying degrees, such as recoilless firing technology, muzzle brake technology, forward thrust technology, two-dimensional recoil technology, expansion wave firing technology, electrorheological technology and magnetorheological technology, etc. Among them, there are two ways of recoilless firing: one is to discharge the gas of gunpowder through the nozzle at the rear end of the weapon to offset the recoil thrust. In principle, it is a combination of artillery and rocket combustion chamber, that is, a conventional recoilless gun; the other is to place a balance body in the chamber, and during the firing process, the balance body is used to replace the gas and discharged from the rear of the barrel to achieve the purpose of no recoil. In principle, this is a two-way firing artillery, and the artillery using this firing principle is called a balanced gun.

[0004] At present, the launch platform designed with the balanced launch principle generally has a chamber in the middle, with a projectile on one side and a balance body on the other side. The high-temperature and high-pressure gas generated by the ignition of the propellant in the chamber pushes the projectile and the balance body to move in opposite directions until the projectile and the balance body fly away from the muzzle. By properly selecting the mass ratio of the projectile and the balance body and the travel ratio in the bore, the two can be separated from the bore at the same time or the balance body can be separated from the bore later, and the projectile obtains the expected initial velocity, while the gun body has neither forward rush nor recoil.

[0005] The forces acting on the balanced gun in the four-axis direction are basically balanced, achieving a higher expected speed. At the same time, the gun carriage carries very little load, so the gun caliber can be very large. Due to its simple structure, the development cost is low and the cycle is short. It can be designed and processed according to special needs. Therefore, it is an effective test loading tool for studying large-size and large-mass test pieces. However, as the launch mass becomes larger and the speed becomes higher, the maximum pressure in the chamber is also increasing. How to solve the high chamber pressure problem has become one of the difficulties in the design of balanced guns. In principle, if you want the projectile to obtain a very high initial velocity, there are basically two solutions. The first is to lengthen the barrel so that the projectile can obtain more energy for acceleration in the chamber. The second is to thicken the barrel so that the barrel can withstand higher chamber pressure. However, due to the limitations of processing capabilities and material properties, this solution is increasingly difficult to meet the actual needs of engineering.

[0006] It can be seen that the traditional balanced gun structure can no longer achieve its function under the launch index of large mass and high initial velocity. The test is difficult to implement, the cost is high, and the test piece is bulky. The floating double chamber balanced gun structure can effectively solve the problem of making the projectile obtain more energy and increase the launch speed of the projectile without increasing the maximum pressure in the chamber. At present, there is no public report on the floating double chamber balanced gun structure. Summary of the invention

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a floating double-chamber balanced gun structure, which enables the projectile to obtain more energy and increase the firing speed of the projectile without increasing the maximum pressure in the balanced gun barrel, thereby achieving the firing index of large mass and high initial velocity.

[0008] The technical solution for achieving the purpose of the present invention is: a floating double-chamber balanced gun structure, comprising: a front tube, a first chamber, a second chamber, a projectile, a balancing body, and a rear tube; wherein the front tube is the moving section of the projectile; the moving direction of the projectile is defined as forward, the projectile and the first chamber are installed in the front tube, the projectile is the main projectile, the first charge is located behind the projectile, and the first chamber is used to load the first main charge; the second chamber and the balancing body are installed in the rear tube, the second chamber is located behind the first chamber, the balancing body is closely attached to the rear of the second chamber, and the second chamber is used to load the second main charge; the balancing body is used to balance the recoil generated by launching the projectile.

[0009] Furthermore, the second medicine chamber 3 includes a medicine chamber shell, an air-closing ring, a center hole, an aluminum film and a plug; an air-closing ring groove is provided on the outside of the medicine chamber shell for placing the air-closing ring; a center hole is provided on the end face of the medicine chamber shell close to the first medicine chamber; the aluminum film is placed in the plug, and the plug is fixed on the center hole.

[0010] Furthermore, when the second chamber and the balancing body are not separated, the speed of the balancing body should satisfy the following formula:

[0011]

[0012] in is the secondary work coefficient, M is the mass of the balancing body, m s is the total mass of the second chamber, v p is the equilibrium body velocity, S is the cross-sectional area of ​​the barrel, and p1 is the thrust produced by the first main charge;

[0013] When the second chamber and the balance body are separated, the speed of the balance body should satisfy the following formula:

[0014]

[0015] Where p2 is the thrust produced by the second main charge.

[0016] Furthermore, when the second chamber and the balancing body are not separated, the velocity of the second chamber should satisfy the following formula:

[0017]

[0018] in is the secondary work coefficient, M is the mass of the balancing body, m s is the total mass of the second chamber, v s is the velocity of the second chamber, S is the cross-sectional area of ​​the barrel, and p1 is the thrust produced by the first main charge.

[0019] Furthermore, when the second chamber is separated from the balancing body, the velocity of the second chamber should satisfy the following formula:

[0020]

[0021] Where p2 is the thrust produced by the second main charge.

[0022] Furthermore, when the second chamber is separated from the balancing body, the pressure of the second chamber and the pressure of the first chamber satisfy the following condition:

[0023]

[0024] Furthermore, when the second chamber is separated from the equilibrium body, the energy equation of the second chamber is:

[0025]

[0026] Among them, l ψ2 is the free volume reduction length of the second chamber, l p is the balance body stroke, l k is the second chamber shell stroke, f2 is the second chamber gunpowder force, ω2 is the second chamber charge, ψ2 is the second chamber gunpowder burned percentage, θ is the gunpowder thermal parameter, v a It is the speed when the balancing body and the second chamber shell separate.

[0027] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following significant advantages: the floating double-chamber balanced gun structure provided by the present invention has a simple firing principle, easy structure to implement, simple operation, safe and reliable, economical and affordable, and does not require the use of a long barrel and thick-walled gun structure design, which greatly simplifies gun firing tests for testing purposes, can effectively avoid the safety, operability and maintainability problems caused by complex and expensive test pieces, can effectively save test costs and workload, and provides a practical test plan for safety and reliability analysis of balanced gun tests in engineering applications. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 It is a cross-sectional view of the floating double chamber balanced gun structure of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 It is a partial enlarged view of the second chamber of the floating double chamber balanced gun structure of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the positions of the second chamber and the center hole of the floating double chamber balanced gun structure of the present invention; DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The following is combined with Figure 1-3 The present invention is further introduced with specific embodiments. The present invention discloses a floating double-chamber balanced gun structure. By setting the first chamber and the second chamber, the initial running speed of the projectile is increased without increasing the maximum bore pressure of the balanced gun, and the structure of the balanced gun with a long barrel and thick tube wall is simplified, solving the test problem of a balanced gun with a large caliber, large mass and high muzzle kinetic energy. It provides an effective and reliable scientific research test method for balanced gun tests, and can be used for experimental verification of theoretical and numerical research, providing a guarantee for the improvement and improvement of balanced gun development technology.

[0032] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, a floating double-chamber balanced gun structure invented in this invention includes a front barrel 1, a first chamber 2, a second chamber 3, a projectile 4, a balance body 5, and a rear barrel 6; the moving direction of the projectile 4 is defined as the front, the projectile 4 and the first chamber 2 are installed in the front barrel 1, and the first chamber 2 is located behind the projectile 4; the second chamber 3 and the balance body 5 are installed in the rear barrel 6, the second chamber 3 is located behind the first chamber 2, and the balance body 5 is closely attached to the rear of the second chamber 3. Among them, the front barrel 1 is the moving section of the projectile 4; the projectile 4 is the main projectile;

[0033] Among them, the first chamber 2 is a circular tube of equal diameter, whose outer diameter is equal to the inner diameter of the predecessor tube, is located behind the predecessor tube, and is used for loading the first main charge.

[0034] The rear body tube 6 is a circular tube of equal diameter, and its inner and outer diameters are equal to the inner and outer diameters of the front body tube. The rear body tube 6 is located at the rear end of the first medicine chamber 2, and is used to place the balancing body 5 and the second medicine chamber 3, and provide the balancing body 5 and the second medicine chamber 3 with a movement distance and movement space.

[0035] The second chamber 3 is placed in the rear barrel 6, in front of the balance body 5, and contains the second main charge. The second chamber 3 is in close contact with the balance body 5, and the two are not fixed. When the pressure in the second chamber is greater than the pressure in the first chamber, the second chamber is separated from the balance body, and the second chamber floats under the change of the pressure in the chamber.

[0036] The balance body 5 is a solid cylinder, the diameter of which is the same as the inner diameter of the rear barrel 6, and is used to balance the recoil force generated by launching the projectile; it has a gas-tight structure to prevent the leakage of gunpowder gas.

[0037] The second chamber 3 includes a chamber shell 7, a gas-sealing ring 8, a center hole 9, an aluminum film 10 and a plug 11. The chamber shell 7 is cylindrical, with a gas-sealing ring groove on the outside for placing the gas-sealing ring 8; the gas-sealing ring 8 is used to prevent leakage of the main charge gas; the chamber shell 7 is provided with a center hole 9 on the end face close to the first chamber, the plug 11 is a non-uniform diameter bolt with a hollow interior and threads on the exterior, and is tightened and fixed to the position of the center hole 9 on the second chamber shell 7 using nuts and spring washers, and the aluminum film 10 is fixed on the stepped end face of the stepped hole in the plug 11 to block the through hole in the plug 11; when a certain pressure is reached, the compressed aluminum film 10 ruptures, igniting the second main charge inside.

[0038] The side of the chamber shell 7 close to the balance body 5 is open; the second chamber 3 is in close contact with the balance body without a fixed connection. When the second chamber is ignited, the second chamber is separated from the balance body and floats under the change of the pressure in the chamber.

[0039] The air-sealing ring is a nylon ring with a diameter slightly larger than the shell.

[0040] According to the floating double chamber balanced gun structure, the motion of the projectile still satisfies:

[0041]

[0042] in is the secondary work coefficient, m is the projectile mass, v is the projectile velocity, S is the cross-sectional area of ​​the forebody tube, and p1 is the thrust generated by the first main charge.

[0043] When the second chamber and the balancing body are not separated, the movement of the balancing body satisfies:

[0044]

[0045] in is the secondary work coefficient, M is the mass of the balancing body, m s is the total mass of the second chamber, v p is the equilibrium body velocity, S is the cross-sectional area of ​​the barrel, and p1 is the thrust generated by the first main charge.

[0046] When the second chamber is separated from the balancing body, the movement of the balancing body satisfies:

[0047]

[0048] Where p2 is the thrust produced by the second main charge.

[0049] When the second chamber and the balancing body are not separated, the movement of the second chamber satisfies:

[0050]

[0051] in is the secondary work coefficient, M is the mass of the balancing body, m s is the total mass of the second chamber, v s is the velocity of the second chamber, S is the cross-sectional area of ​​the barrel, and p1 is the thrust produced by the first main charge.

[0052] When the second chamber is separated from the balancing body, the movement of the second chamber satisfies:

[0053]

[0054] Where p2 is the thrust produced by the second main charge.

[0055] The separation time of the second chamber and the equilibrium body is:

[0056]

[0057] When the second chamber is separated from the equilibrium body, the energy equation of the second chamber is:

[0058]

[0059] Among them l ψ2 is the free volume reduction length of the second chamber, l p is the balance body stroke, l k is the second chamber shell stroke, f2 is the second chamber gunpowder force, ω2 is the second chamber charge, ψ2 is the second chamber gunpowder burned percentage, θ is the gunpowder thermal parameter, v a It is the speed when the balancing body and the second chamber shell separate.

[0060] The working principle is as follows: before the test, the projectile 4 is placed at the rear end of the front barrel 1, that is, the front end of the first chamber 2, and the first main charge is placed in the first chamber 2. The air-closing ring 8 is put on the outside of the second chamber shell 7, the aluminum film 10 is covered on the center hole 9 using the plug 11, and the second main charge is installed in the second chamber shell 7. The second chamber 3 is placed at the rear end of the first chamber 2, that is, the front end of the rear barrel 6. The balance body 5 is placed behind the second chamber 3, close to the second chamber 3. After ignition and firing, the first main charge is ignited, pushing the projectile 4 to move in the front barrel 1, and at the same time pushing the second chamber 3 and the balance body 5 to move backward in the rear barrel 6. When the gunpowder gas pressure in the first chamber 2 increases to a value greater than the rupture threshold of the aluminum film 10, the aluminum film 10 ruptures and the second main charge is ignited; the gas pressure in the second chamber 3 gradually increases, and the balance body 5 is subjected to a force in the direction of the rear barrel 6, separating the second chamber 3 and the balance body 5; the second chamber 3 is subjected to a force in the direction of the front barrel 1, thereby inhibiting the movement of the second chamber 3 and blocking the downward gradient of the pressure generated by the first main charge, thereby indirectly increasing the pressure in the chamber, that is, increasing the energy to push the projectile 4, so that the projectile 4 obtains a higher initial velocity. The second chamber 3 floats left and right under the action of the gas pressure generated by the first chamber 2 and the gas pressure generated by the second chamber 3; finally, the projectile 4 moves out of the front barrel 1, the balance body moves out of the rear barrel 6, and the second chamber 3 then moves out of the rear barrel 6.

[0061] The floating double-chamber balanced gun structure designed in the present invention increases the muzzle velocity of the projectile while ensuring that the maximum pressure in the balanced gun barrel does not increase, and effectively realizes the firing performance of large-caliber, large-mass and high initial velocity.

[0062] Specifically, the barrel in this embodiment is a round tube of equal diameter and certain thickness made of gun steel material, with a total length of 30.0m and a wall thickness of 200mm; the inner diameter of the front barrel is 600mm and the length is 20.0; the length of the chamber is 5.0m and the inner diameter is 680mm; the length of the rear barrel is about 5.0m and the inner diameter is 600mm. The mass of the projectile is about 1000kg, the muzzle velocity is about 1000m / s, and the corresponding total mass of the balance body is matched by the internal ballistic model.

[0063] With respect to the floating double-chamber balanced gun structure in this embodiment, the initial velocity of the projectile is increased without increasing the maximum chamber pressure, thereby achieving the design purpose.

[0064] The floating double chamber balanced gun provided by the present invention has a simple structural principle, is easy to implement, makes use of the original test components to a large extent, and greatly reduces the difficulty and cost of the test. It is not necessary to increase the length and wall thickness of the barrel, and can achieve large-caliber, large-mass, and high-initial-velocity firing performance.

[0065] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the essence and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A floating double chamber balanced gun structure, characterized in that: include: A front tube, a first chamber, a second chamber, a projectile, a balancing body, and a rear tube; wherein the front tube is the moving section of the projectile; the moving direction of the projectile is defined as forward, the projectile and the first chamber are installed in the front tube, the projectile is the main projectile, the first charge is located behind the projectile, and the first chamber is used to load the first main charge; the second chamber and the balancing body are installed in the rear tube, the second chamber is located behind the first chamber, the balancing body is tightly attached to the rear of the second chamber, and the second chamber is used to load the second main charge; the balancing body is used to balance the recoil force generated by launching the projectile.

2. The floating double chamber balanced gun structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The second medicine chamber 3 includes a medicine chamber shell, an air-closing ring, a center hole, an aluminum film and a plug; an air-closing ring groove is provided on the outer side of the medicine chamber shell for placing the air-closing ring; a center hole is provided on the end face of the medicine chamber shell close to the first medicine chamber; the aluminum film is placed in the plug, and the plug is fixed on the center hole.

3. The floating double chamber balanced gun structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: When the second chamber and the balance body are not separated, the speed of the balance body should satisfy the following formula: in is the secondary work coefficient, M is the mass of the balancing body, m s is the total mass of the second chamber, v p is the equilibrium body velocity, S is the cross-sectional area of ​​the barrel, and p1 is the thrust produced by the first main charge; When the second chamber and the balance body are separated, the speed of the balance body should satisfy the following formula: Where p2 is the thrust produced by the second main charge.

4. The floating double chamber balanced gun structure according to claim 3 is characterized in that: When the second chamber and the balance body are not separated, the velocity of the second chamber should satisfy the following formula: in is the secondary work coefficient, M is the mass of the balancing body, m s is the total mass of the second chamber, v s is the velocity of the second chamber, S is the cross-sectional area of ​​the barrel, and p1 is the thrust produced by the first main charge. When the second chamber is separated from the balance body, the velocity of the second chamber should satisfy the following formula: Where p2 is the thrust produced by the second main charge.

5. The floating double chamber balanced gun structure according to claim 3 is characterized in that: When the second chamber is separated from the balance body, the pressure of the second chamber and the pressure of the first chamber meet the following conditions:

6. The floating double chamber balanced gun structure according to claim 3 is characterized in that: When the second chamber is separated from the equilibrium body, the energy equation of the second chamber is: Among them, l ψ2 is the free volume reduction length of the second chamber, l p is the balance body stroke, l k is the second chamber shell stroke, f2 is the second chamber gunpowder force, ω2 is the second chamber charge, ψ2 is the second chamber gunpowder burned percentage, θ is the gunpowder thermal parameter, v a It is the speed when the balancing body and the second chamber shell separate.

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