Device and method for testing accumulation rule of high-pressure hydrogen leakage in long and narrow limited space

Abstract

The invention discloses a long and narrow limited space high-pressure hydrogen leakage accumulation rule test device and method, and belongs to the field of test devices. The upper part of the section, perpendicular to the length direction, of the long and narrow limited space model of the device is arched, and the lower part is rectangular; the gas storage automobile model is placed in the long and narrow limited space model; the gas input mechanism is communicated with the high-pressure stirring mechanism; the high-pressure stirring mechanism is communicated with the nozzle; the nozzle is arranged at the position of the gas storage automobile model; the first gas monitoring mechanism and the second gas monitoring mechanism are arranged in a nozzle test gas release area; the plurality of concentration sensors are uniformly distributed at the top of the narrow and long limited space model along the length direction of the narrow and long limited space model and are electrically connected with the data acquisition instrument; an electromagnetic valve is arranged on the first pipeline; the electromagnetic valve and the high-pressure stirring mechanism are electrically connected with the control cabinet; and the control cabinet, the data acquisition instrument, the first gas monitoring mechanism and the second gas monitoring mechanism are electrically connected with the control mechanism. The hydrogen leakage accumulation rule of the narrow and long limited space can be accurately predicted, the intelligent degree is high, and the cost is low.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of test devices, and in particular to a test device and method for the leakage and accumulation law of high-pressure hydrogen in a narrow and long confined space. Background Art

[0002] As a clean energy, hydrogen plays a vital role in promoting the transformation of the international energy structure and ensuring energy security. The storage and transportation of hydrogen is the key link between production and application, and is crucial to the large-scale commercial application of hydrogen.

[0003] Narrow and long confined spaces such as tunnels are important channels connecting different regions, cities or road networks, and their safety cannot be ignored. When a hydrogen transport vehicle leaks accidentally in a tunnel, hydrogen will diffuse and accumulate to varying degrees in the tunnel due to the strong airtightness and poor ventilation of the tunnel. Compared with other fuels, colorless and odorless hydrogen leakage is not easy to detect. The leaked hydrogen is affected by the wall to form an impact jet. The hydrogen rises vertically along the wall and accumulates under the action of the ceiling. It mixes with air to form a flammable hydrogen cloud. Hydrogen has the characteristics of extremely low ignition energy, wide explosion range, and high combustion heat release. Once it is ignited by fire, it will cause a fire or explosion accident, produce extremely destructive pressure waves and high temperatures, and easily cause heavy casualties and economic losses, with very serious consequences. Therefore, mastering the diffusion law of hydrogen leakage in narrow and long confined spaces such as tunnels and conducting relevant research on the diffusion and accumulation characteristics of hydrogen leakage in narrow and long confined spaces will provide a theoretical basis for the promotion of hydrogen energy in my country, and have important practical significance for reducing the risk of hydrogen leakage accidents to transportation and the safety of narrow and long confined spaces.

[0004] Therefore, in response to the country's major demand for hydrogen energy development, it is particularly important to simulate the real environment and explore a highly reliable hydrogen leakage accumulation law experimental device based on actual narrow and long confined space scenarios to timely eliminate the concentration of combustible gas in the explosion-hazardous area in the confined space and prevent the occurrence and development of explosion accidents.

[0005] There is a hydrogen leakage and diffusion test device in a confined space. The device cannot accurately simulate the actual scene, so the experimental results cannot accurately predict the hydrogen leakage accumulation law in the actual narrow and long confined space scene such as tunnels. In addition, the test device can only be controlled manually or semi-automatically, and the degree of intelligence is low. There are many safety hazards in the hydrogen leakage test, especially in a high-pressure environment. Traditional manual control or semi-automatic control cannot monitor and respond to abnormal conditions in the experiment in real time, which is easy to cause safety accidents. Summary of the invention

[0006] The embodiments of the present application provide a device and method for testing the leakage and accumulation law of high-pressure hydrogen in a long and narrow confined space, which can solve the problems that the existing devices cannot accurately simulate actual scenes, so that the experimental results cannot accurately predict the hydrogen leakage accumulation law in actual long and narrow confined space scenes such as tunnels, and the test device is manually controlled or semi-automatically controlled and has a low degree of intelligence.

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention is:

[0008] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a narrow and long confined space high-pressure hydrogen leakage accumulation law test device, including a narrow and long confined space model, a gas input mechanism, a solenoid valve, a control cabinet, a high-pressure stirring mechanism, a nozzle, a first gas monitoring mechanism, a second gas monitoring mechanism, a concentration sensor, a data acquisition instrument, and a control mechanism;

[0009] The upper part of the cross section of the narrow and long confined space model perpendicular to the length direction is arched, and the lower part is rectangular;

[0010] The gas storage vehicle model is placed in the narrow and long confined space model;

[0011] The gas input mechanism is connected to the high-pressure stirring mechanism through a first pipeline;

[0012] The high-pressure stirring mechanism is configured to mix the tracer particles with the input test gas, and then communicate with the nozzle through the second pipeline;

[0013] The nozzle is arranged at the location of the gas storage vehicle model;

[0014] The first gas monitoring mechanism and the second gas monitoring mechanism are both arranged at the region where the nozzle releases the test gas. The first gas monitoring mechanism is configured to cooperate with the high-pressure stirring mechanism to monitor the distribution law of the diffusion and accumulation flow field of the test gas after release, and the second gas monitoring mechanism is configured to monitor the jet structure characteristics of the test gas.

[0015] There are a plurality of concentration sensors, and the plurality of concentration sensors are evenly distributed on the top of the narrow and long confined space model along the length direction of the narrow and long confined space model, and are all electrically connected to the data acquisition instrument;

[0016] The solenoid valve is arranged on the first pipeline;

[0017] The solenoid valve and the high-pressure stirring mechanism are both electrically connected to the control cabinet, and the control cabinet is configured to control the working states of the solenoid valve and the high-pressure stirring mechanism;

[0018] The control cabinet, the data acquisition instrument, the first gas monitoring mechanism and the second gas monitoring mechanism are all electrically connected to the control mechanism.

[0019] In combination with the first aspect, in a possible implementation, the high-pressure stirring mechanism includes a high-pressure stirrer, an air inlet valve, a first pressure sensor, an air outlet valve, a flow meter, and a second pressure sensor;

[0020] The first pipeline connects the gas input mechanism and the high-pressure agitator;

[0021] The air intake valve and the first pressure sensor are sequentially arranged on the first pipeline;

[0022] The second pipeline connects the high-pressure agitator and the nozzle;

[0023] The air outlet valve, the flow meter and the second pressure sensor are arranged on the second pipeline in sequence.

[0024] In combination with the first aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the control cabinet includes a data acquisition module, an overload relay and a first contactor;

[0025] The solenoid valve, the flow meter, the high-pressure agitator, the overload relay, the first contactor, the first pressure sensor and the second pressure sensor are all electrically connected to the data acquisition module;

[0026] The data acquisition module is electrically connected to the control mechanism.

[0027] In combination with the first aspect, in a possible implementation, the control cabinet further includes an emergency stop button and a second contactor;

[0028] The emergency stop button and the second contactor are both electrically connected to the data acquisition module.

[0029] In combination with the first aspect, in a possible implementation, the narrow and long confined space high-pressure hydrogen leakage accumulation law test device further includes a fan and an anemometer;

[0030] The fan is arranged at the top of the narrow and long confined space model;

[0031] An anemometer is arranged at each end of the narrow and long confined space model.

[0032] In combination with the first aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the first gas monitoring mechanism includes a laser, a light sheet, a laser reflector, and a first high-speed camera;

[0033] The laser emits laser light;

[0034] The light source sheet is arranged on the outgoing light path of the laser;

[0035] The laser reflector is arranged on the outgoing light path of the light source sheet to change the direction of the laser light path so that the laser is directed to the area where the nozzle releases the test gas;

[0036] There are at least two first high-speed cameras, and the at least two first high-speed cameras are configured to take images of the area where the test gas is released;

[0037] The two first high-speed cameras are both electrically connected to the control mechanism.

[0038] In combination with the first aspect, in a possible implementation, the second gas monitoring mechanism includes a laser light source, a first reflector, a first concave mirror, a second concave mirror, a second reflector, a knife edge, and a second high-speed camera;

[0039] The first reflector is arranged on the outgoing light path of the laser light source;

[0040] The first concave mirror is arranged on the outgoing light path of the first reflector;

[0041] The first concave mirror and the second concave mirror are symmetrically placed with the nozzle releasing the test gas area as the center and are on the same horizontal plane;

[0042] The second reflector is arranged on the outgoing light path of the second concave mirror;

[0043] The knife edge is arranged on the outgoing light path of the second reflector;

[0044] The second high-speed camera is arranged on the outgoing light path of the knife edge;

[0045] The second high-speed camera is electrically connected to the control mechanism.

[0046] In combination with the first aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the test gas is helium;

[0047] The measurement result is corrected using a first formula, wherein the first formula is:

[0048]

[0049] In the formula, Q He is the volume flow rate of helium; is the volume flow rate of hydrogen; ρ air is the gas density in the flow field; ρ He is the density of helium; is the hydrogen density; when n=0, it corrects for volume flow; when n=1 / 2, it corrects for hydrogen concentration level; when n=1, it corrects for buoyancy flux.

[0050] In combination with the first aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the tracer particle is TiO2;

[0051] The diameter of the tracer particles is calculated as follows:

[0052] The exponential decay relationship between the tracer particle velocity and the flow field velocity is calculated by the second formula, which is:

[0053]

[0054] Where U p is the tracer particle velocity; U is the flow field velocity; t is the tracer particle movement time; τ is the relaxation time that limits the particle response, which is calculated by the third formula:

[0055]

[0056] In the formula, ρ p is the density of the particle; d p is the diameter of the particle; μ f is the air dynamic viscosity; C D is the resistance coefficient; Re p is the particle Reynolds number, which is calculated by the fourth formula:

[0057] Re p =(ρ f U p -Uδ p ) / μ f ,

[0058] In the formula, ρ f is the tracer particle density; U p is the tracer particle velocity; U is the flow field velocity; δ p is the diameter of the tracer particle; μ f is the dynamic viscosity of air.

[0059] In a second aspect, another embodiment of the present invention provides a method for testing the accumulation law of high-pressure hydrogen leakage in a narrow and long confined space, based on the above-mentioned apparatus for testing the accumulation law of high-pressure hydrogen leakage in a narrow and long confined space, comprising:

[0060] Check the air tightness of the gas input mechanism, high-pressure stirring mechanism and connecting pipelines;

[0061] The control mechanism controls the electromagnetic valve to open, and the gas input mechanism inputs the test gas into the high-pressure stirring mechanism; the control mechanism controls the high-pressure stirring mechanism to mix the tracer particles with the test gas, and then releases them to the location of the gas storage car model through the nozzle; the first gas monitoring mechanism monitors the diffusion and accumulation flow field distribution law of the test gas after release;

[0062] The control mechanism controls the solenoid valve to open, and directly releases the test gas to the location of the gas storage car model through the nozzle, and the second gas monitoring mechanism monitors the jet structure characteristics of the test gas; multiple concentration sensors measure the concentration distribution electrical signal of the test gas leaked in the narrow and long confined space model over time, and transmit the concentration distribution electrical signal to the data acquisition instrument; the data acquisition instrument converts the concentration distribution electrical signal and transmits it to the control mechanism.

[0063] One or more technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present invention have at least the following technical effects or advantages:

[0064] The embodiment of the present invention is a test device for the accumulation law of high-pressure hydrogen leakage in a narrow and long confined space. The upper part of the cross section of the narrow and long confined space model perpendicular to the length direction is arched, and the lower part is rectangular. The actual size of the narrow and long confined space is proportionally reduced, and the proportionally reduced gas storage car model is placed in the narrow and long confined space model, which can highly restore the real narrow and long confined space scenes such as tunnels. The test results can accurately predict the accumulation law of hydrogen leakage in actual narrow and long confined space scenes such as tunnels, which is more convincing. The first gas monitoring mechanism of the embodiment of the present invention cooperates with the high-pressure stirring mechanism to monitor the diffusion and accumulation flow field distribution law of the test gas after release, and the second gas monitoring mechanism monitors the jet structure characteristics of the test gas, ensuring the diversity and accuracy of the data. Multiple concentration sensors measure the concentration distribution electrical signal of the test gas leaking in the narrow and long confined space model over time, and transmit the concentration distribution electrical signal to the data acquisition instrument. The second gas monitoring mechanism and multiple concentration sensors monitor the leakage of the test gas in many aspects, and the experimental results are more accurate. The control cabinet and the control mechanism are set up, the control cabinet controls the working status of the solenoid valve and the high-pressure stirring mechanism, and the control cabinet, the data acquisition instrument, the first gas monitoring mechanism and the second gas monitoring mechanism all transmit data to the control mechanism, so that the embodiment of the present invention can provide a highly intelligent, low-cost and safe test device for studying the accidental release and accumulation of hydrogen in a narrow and long confined space. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0065] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other accompanying drawings can be obtained based on these accompanying drawings without paying any creative work.

[0066] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a test device for the leakage and accumulation law of high-pressure hydrogen in a narrow and long confined space provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0067] Figure 2 A circuit diagram of a control cabinet provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0068] Icons: 1- narrow and long confined space model; 2- gas input mechanism; 21- gas cylinder; 22- gas cylinder valve; 23- main valve; 3- solenoid valve; 4- control cabinet; 41- data acquisition module; 42- overload relay; 43- first contactor; 44- emergency stop button; 45- second contactor; 5- high pressure stirring mechanism; 51- high pressure stirrer; 52- air inlet valve; 53- first pressure sensor; 54- air outlet valve; 55- flow meter; 56- second pressure sensor; 6- Nozzle; 7-first gas monitoring mechanism; 71-laser; 72-light source; 73-laser reflector; 74-first high-speed camera; 8-second gas monitoring mechanism; 81-laser light source; 82-first reflector; 83-first concave mirror; 84-second concave mirror; 85-second reflector; 86-knife edge; 87-second high-speed camera; 9-concentration sensor; 10-data acquisition instrument; 20-control mechanism; 30-fan; 40-anemometer; 50-gas storage car model. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0069] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0070] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "up", "down", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limitations on the present invention. The terms "first", "second", and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance. In addition, the terms "installed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be a connection between the two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the embodiments of the present invention can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0071] Please refer to Figure 1 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a narrow and long confined space high-pressure hydrogen leakage accumulation law test device, including a narrow and long confined space model 1, a gas input mechanism 2, a solenoid valve 3, a control cabinet 4, a high-pressure stirring mechanism 5, a nozzle 6, a first gas monitoring mechanism 7, a second gas monitoring mechanism 8, a concentration sensor 9, a data acquisition instrument 10, and a control mechanism 20. The narrow and long confined space can be a narrow and long confined space such as a tunnel.

[0072] The upper part of the cross section of the narrow and long confined space model 1 perpendicular to the length direction is arched, and the lower part is rectangular, so that the shape of the narrow and long confined space model 1 is closer to the actual tunnel shape, and can more accurately reflect the diffusion and accumulation law after the test gas leaks, while the cost is low. Among them, the bow shape is a figure composed of a chord and its corresponding arc. The chord is a line segment connecting any two points on a circle, and the arc is a curve on a circle. When the chord and the arc it corresponds to are combined together, a bow shape is formed. The narrow and long confined space model 1 is made of acrylic material with strong plasticity, strong visibility, good sealing effect and high cost-effectiveness.

[0073] The gas storage vehicle model 50 is placed in the narrow and long confined space model 1. Placing the gas storage vehicle model 50 in the narrow and long confined space model 1 can more realistically simulate the narrow and long confined space scene such as a tunnel where gas leaks. The narrow and long confined space model 1 is scaled down in proportion to the actual size, and the gas storage vehicle model 50 is built in scaled down in proportion to the actual size, which greatly improves the credibility and persuasiveness of the experimental results. For example, the gas storage vehicle model 50 can be a hydrogen storage bicycle model.

[0074] The gas input mechanism 2 is connected to the high-pressure stirring mechanism 5 through a first pipeline. Figure 1 As shown, the gas input mechanism 2 includes a plurality of gas cylinders 21, a plurality of gas cylinder valves 22 and a main valve 23. A gas cylinder valve 22 is provided on each gas cylinder 21, and the ends of the plurality of gas cylinder valves 22 facing away from the gas cylinder 21 are connected to one end of the main valve 23, and the other end of the main valve 23 is connected to the solenoid valve 3. The gas cylinder valve 22 can independently control the opening and closing states of the corresponding gas cylinder 21, thereby controlling whether the gas cylinder 21 outputs the test gas. The main valve 23 can control the opening and closing states of all gas cylinders 21, thereby controlling whether all gas cylinders 21 output the test gas. The gas cylinder valves 22 and the main valve 23 can ensure the controllability of the gas source during the test. As shown Figure 1 The schematic diagram shows the structure of the gas input mechanism 2 formed by connecting six high-pressure helium cylinders 21 with a capacity of 40L, a pressure of 14±0.5MPa and a purity of 99.999% in parallel. Helium is used instead of hydrogen as the test gas source to simulate the hydrogen leakage scenario to ensure the safety of the test.

[0075] The high-pressure stirring mechanism 5 is configured to mix the tracer particles with the input test gas, and then communicate with the nozzle 6 through the second pipeline. The nozzle 6 is set at the location of the gas storage vehicle model 50, and the test gas is released into the narrow and long confined space model 1 through the nozzle 6 to achieve environmental simulation of high-pressure test gas leakage at different locations of the narrow and long confined space model 1. Figure 1 The schematic diagram of the structure of at least three nozzles 6 is shown, and at least three nozzles 6 are evenly distributed around the car body of the gas storage car model 50, so as to better simulate the actual gas leakage scene. The position of the nozzle 6 extending into the narrow and confined space model 1 can be adjusted, so that the gas leakage port can be simulated more realistically.

[0076] The first gas monitoring mechanism 7 and the second gas monitoring mechanism 8 are both arranged at the area where the nozzle 6 releases the test gas. The first gas monitoring mechanism 7 is configured to cooperate with the high-pressure stirring mechanism 5 to monitor the diffusion and accumulation flow field distribution laws of the test gas after release, and the second gas monitoring mechanism 8 is configured to monitor the jet structure characteristics of the test gas.

[0077] There are multiple concentration sensors 9, and the multiple concentration sensors 9 are evenly distributed on the top of the narrow and long confined space model 1 along the length direction of the narrow and long confined space model 1, that is, they can be as follows Figure 1 In the linear array arrangement shown, multiple concentration sensors 9 are electrically connected to the data acquisition device 10 to form a concentration sensor network for collecting leakage test gas concentration signals in a certain area of ​​the narrow and long confined space model 1.

[0078] The first pipeline is provided with a solenoid valve 3. The solenoid valve 3 and the high-pressure stirring mechanism 5 are electrically connected to a control cabinet 4, and the control cabinet 4 is configured to control the working states of the solenoid valve 3 and the high-pressure stirring mechanism 5. The control cabinet 4 and the data acquisition instrument 10, the first gas monitoring mechanism 7 and the second gas monitoring mechanism 8 are electrically connected to the control mechanism 20.

[0079] The concentration sensor 9 is electrically connected to the data acquisition device 10, and the data acquisition device 10 is electrically connected to the control mechanism 20. The control mechanism 20 can control the collection time of the concentration sensor 9. The control mechanism 20 can be a computer.

[0080] The solenoid valve 3 is electrically connected to the control cabinet 4, and the control cabinet 4 is electrically connected to the control mechanism 20. The control mechanism 20 can control the solenoid valve 3 to automatically open or stop, thereby controlling the gas input mechanism 2 to start or stop supplying gas, thereby achieving precise control of the test process. The control mechanism 20 can also control the opening time of the solenoid valve 3, thereby setting the test gas leakage time.

[0081] The setting of the control cabinet 4 and the control mechanism 20 of the embodiment of the present invention ensures the safety of the test process through automated processes and real-time monitoring, reduces the risks caused by test gas leakage, improves the reliability of the experiment, and provides a higher level of safety protection for operators, which is a major innovation in safety.

[0082] The narrow and long confined space high-pressure hydrogen leakage accumulation law test device of the embodiment of the present invention, the upper part of the cross section of the narrow and long confined space model 1 perpendicular to the length direction is arched, and the lower part is rectangular. The actual size of the narrow and long confined space is proportionally reduced, and the proportionally reduced gas storage car model 50 is placed in the narrow and long confined space model 1, which can highly restore the real narrow and long confined space scenes such as tunnels. The test results can accurately predict the hydrogen leakage accumulation law of the actual narrow and long confined space scenes such as tunnels, which is more convincing. The first gas monitoring mechanism 7 of the embodiment of the present invention cooperates with the high-pressure stirring mechanism 5 to monitor the diffusion and accumulation flow field distribution law of the test gas after release, and the second gas monitoring mechanism 8 monitors the jet structure characteristics of the test gas, ensuring the diversity and accuracy of the data. Multiple concentration sensors 9 measure the concentration distribution electrical signal of the test gas leaking in the narrow and long confined space model 1 over time, and transmit the concentration distribution electrical signal to the data acquisition instrument 10. The second gas monitoring mechanism 8 and multiple concentration sensors 9 monitor the leakage of the test gas in many aspects, and the experimental results are more accurate. The control cabinet 4 and the control mechanism 20 are arranged, the control cabinet 4 controls the working states of the solenoid valve 3 and the high-pressure stirring mechanism 5, the control cabinet 4, the data acquisition instrument 10, the first gas monitoring mechanism 7 and the second gas monitoring mechanism 8 all transmit data to the control mechanism 20, so that the embodiment of the present invention can provide a highly intelligent, low-cost and safe test device for studying the accidental release and accumulation law of hydrogen in a narrow and long confined space.

[0083] like Figure 1 As shown, the high-pressure stirring mechanism 5 includes a high-pressure stirrer 51, an air inlet valve 52, a first pressure sensor 53, an air outlet valve 54, a flow meter 55 and a second pressure sensor 56. The first pipeline connects the gas input mechanism 2 and the high-pressure stirrer 51. The air inlet valve 52 and the first pressure sensor 53 are sequentially arranged on the first pipeline. That is, the solenoid valve 3, the air inlet valve 52 and the first pressure sensor 53 are sequentially arranged on the first pipeline along the direction from the gas input mechanism 2 to the high-pressure stirrer 51. The second pipeline connects the high-pressure stirrer 51 and the nozzle 6. The air outlet valve 54, the flow meter 55 and the second pressure sensor 56 are sequentially arranged on the second pipeline. The high-pressure stirring mechanism 5 of the embodiment of the present application can achieve uniform mixing of the test gas and the tracer particles.

[0084] The high-pressure agitator 51 can adopt a high-pressure stirring device model 024-73210001 produced by Kaiyuan Chemical Machinery Manufacturing Co., Ltd., which is used to evenly mix the injected high-pressure test gas and small-diameter tracer particles, and is used to monitor the leakage of the test gas with the first gas monitoring mechanism 7, analyze the diffusion and accumulation flow field distribution law of the high-pressure test gas after release, and ensure the accuracy of the test data.

[0085] The flow meter 55 may be a gas rotor flow meter. The flow meter 55 can be used to adjust and monitor the gas flow in the second pipeline to ensure the consistency of the test conditions.

[0086] The air tightness of the gas supply mechanism (gas input mechanism 2 and high-pressure stirring mechanism 5) can be checked through the control cabinet 4. Open the main valve 23, any one of the gas cylinder valves 22 (only one gas cylinder valve 22 is opened at a time), the air inlet valve 52 and the air outlet valve 54. The control mechanism 20 controls the control cabinet 4 so that the control cabinet 4 controls the start of the solenoid valve 3. The high-pressure test gas in the gas cylinder 21 is transported through the first pipeline, flows through the air inlet valve 52 and the first pressure sensor 53 in sequence, enters the high-pressure stirrer 51, and then flows out of the air outlet valve 54. The flow rate of the test gas is controlled by the flowmeter 55, and finally flows through the second pressure sensor 56. The operator observes the pressure value displayed by the first pressure sensor 53 and the pressure value displayed by the second pressure sensor 56, and calculates the error, monitors the pressure change in the gas supply mechanism, and thus judges the air tightness of the entire gas supply mechanism. When the error is less than 5%, it is determined that the gas supply mechanism is not leaking, and when the error is greater than 5%, it is determined that the gas supply mechanism is leaking.

[0087] like Figure 2 As shown, the control cabinet 4 includes a data acquisition module 41, an overload relay 42 and a first contactor 43. The data acquisition module 41 can be a data acquisition module of model I08R-A.

[0088] The solenoid valve 3 , the flow meter 55 , the high pressure agitator 51 , the overload relay 42 , the first contactor 43 , the first pressure sensor 53 and the second pressure sensor 56 are all electrically connected to the data acquisition module 41 . The data acquisition module 41 is electrically connected to the control mechanism 20 .

[0089] 485+ and 485- on the flow meter 55 are communication interfaces, which are electrically connected to the contact A and contact B of the data acquisition module 41 respectively, so as to transmit the test gas flow information measured by the flow meter 55 to the data acquisition module 41, and then to the control mechanism 20. The program operation of the control mechanism 20 records the data, and the action instructions are transmitted to the data acquisition module 41 of the control cabinet 4 through the network cable. The data acquisition module 41 sends an electrical signal of the test gas flow passing through the flow meter 55 through the contact A and the contact B, and the flow meter 55 outputs the collected data to the control mechanism 20 through the network cable.

[0090] 3:A refers to the configuration of the serial communication port (COM port) on the host, indicating that the COM3 port is assigned to device A. 8:B refers to the configuration of the serial communication port (COM port) on the host, indicating that the COM8 port is assigned to device B.

[0091] The overload relay 42 is electrically connected to the IN2 interface of the data acquisition module 41, and IN2 corresponds to the OUT2 output terminal, which is electrically connected to the first contactor 43. The first contactor 43 is connected in parallel with the green indicator light H. When the test device is working normally, the overload relay 42 is turned on. When the overload protection of the overload relay 42 is activated, the first contactor 43 loses power, and the stop working signal is output through OUT2, and the high pressure agitator 51 stops working. IN1 and IN2 represent switch quantities.

[0092] The first pressure sensor 53 is electrically connected to I1 of the data acquisition module 41, and the second pressure sensor 56 is electrically connected to I2 of the data acquisition module 41, where I1 and I2 represent analog quantities. The first pressure sensor 53 and the second pressure sensor 56 are electrically connected to analog quantity channels I1 and I2 of the data acquisition module 41, respectively. When the test device starts to run, the first pressure sensor 53 and the second pressure sensor 56 input pressure current signals to the data acquisition module 41 through I1 and I2, respectively, and the data acquisition module 41 converts the electrical signals into data signals and transmits them to the control mechanism 20 through the network cable.

[0093] The 4M and port 14 of the data acquisition module 41 are simultaneously connected to the high-pressure stirrer 51 for controlling the rotation speed of the high-pressure stirrer 51, wherein 4M is a reference value.

[0094] The use of the control cabinet 4 of the embodiment of the present application improves the intelligence and automation level of the test device. The embodiment of the present application introduces an automatic control mechanism for high-pressure test gas leakage, including a solenoid valve 3, a flow meter 55, etc., which realizes automatic detection of the air tightness of the gas supply mechanism of the test device, precise control and automatic stop of gas leakage, and all-round and full-time monitoring and early warning of the safety of the test device, greatly improving the automation and intelligence level of the experiment. Compared with the existing technology of manual control or semi-automation, the automatic control mechanism of the present invention greatly reduces the human error of experimental operation, improves experimental efficiency and data consistency, and also reduces the operating burden of the experimenter.

[0095] At the beginning of the test, the experimenter manually inputs the upper limit pressure of 0.2Mpa in the gas circuit mechanism through the program of the control mechanism 20. After the test starts, when the pressure value monitored by the first pressure sensor 53 exceeds 3Mpa, the solenoid valve 3 is closed, the test device stops working, and the gas supply mechanism stops supplying gas.

[0096] Continue to refer to Figure 2 As shown, the control cabinet 4 also includes an emergency stop button 44 and a second contactor 45. The emergency stop button 44 and the second contactor 45 are both electrically connected to the data acquisition module 41. Of course, the control cabinet 4 also includes a cabinet body, and the data acquisition module 41, the overload relay 42, the first contactor 43, the emergency stop button 44 and the second contactor 45 are all arranged in the cabinet body.

[0097] like Figure 2 As shown, the emergency stop button 44 is connected to the IN1 interface of the data acquisition module 41, IN1 corresponds to OUT1, OUT1 is connected to the first contactor 43, and the emergency stop button 44 is pressed through program control, the signal is output through OUT1, the line is disconnected, the first contactor 43 loses power, and the test device stops working, thereby ensuring the safety of the test device.

[0098] Furthermore, if Figure 1 As shown, the test device for the accumulation law of high-pressure hydrogen leakage in a long and narrow confined space also includes a fan 30 and an anemometer 40. The fan 30 is arranged at the top of the long and narrow confined space model 1. An anemometer 40 is arranged at both ends of the long and narrow confined space model 1. The fan 30 can be a blower 30. Turning on the fan 30 is used to dilute the test gas released in the long and narrow confined space model 1, and complete the environmental simulation of ventilation along the length direction of the long and narrow confined space model 1. The fan 30, the anemometer 40 and a plurality of concentration sensors 9 are used at the same time, and the wind speed data in the long and narrow confined space model 1 is collected and recorded by the anemometer 40, and the concentration sensor 9 collects the concentration distribution electrical signal in the long and narrow confined space model 1, so as to analyze the dilution effect of longitudinal ventilation on the gas.

[0099] like Figure 1As shown, the first gas monitoring mechanism 7 includes a laser 71 , a light sheet 72 , a laser reflection mirror 73 and a first high-speed camera 74 .

[0100] The laser 71 emits laser light. The light sheet 72 is arranged on the light path of the laser 71. The laser reflector 73 is arranged on the light path of the laser 72 to change the direction of the laser light path so that the laser light is emitted to the area where the test gas is released from the nozzle 6. There are at least two first high-speed cameras 74, and at least two first high-speed cameras 74 are configured to take images of the area where the test gas is released. Both first high-speed cameras 74 are electrically connected to the control mechanism 20 (not shown in the figure).

[0101] Specifically, after the test starts, nano-sized TiO2 particles are injected into the high-pressure stirring mechanism 5 as tracer particles. When the test gas in the gas cylinder 21 is injected into the high-pressure stirring mechanism 5 through the first pipeline, the tracer particles are evenly mixed with the test gas in the high-pressure stirring mechanism 5, and then released into the narrow and long confined space model 1 together with the test gas through the second pipeline. Turn on the laser 71 to emit laser. The sheet light source 72 is arranged on the output light path of the laser 71, and the laser light forms a thin and uniform light sheet through the sheet light source 72. The laser reflector 73 is arranged on the output light path of the sheet light source 72 to change the direction of the laser light path so that the laser is directed to the area where the nozzle 6 releases the test gas, so that the laser light source 81 illuminates the fluid area containing the tracer particles. There are at least two first high-speed cameras 74, and at least two first high-speed cameras 74 are configured to take images of the area where the test gas is released. Figure 1 It shows the use of two first high-speed cameras 74 with an exposure time interval of up to 140ns to capture two-dimensional images, the two first high-speed cameras 74 transmit the image data to the control mechanism 20, the control mechanism 20 performs image processing on the image data, calculates the average displacement of particles in the shooting area, calculates the velocity vector of the fluid in combination with the known shooting time interval, repeatedly shoots and records the flow field distribution images at different positions, and then combines the velocity vectors at all positions to form a velocity field for the entire observation area, and finally analyzes the velocity field data to monitor the diffusion and accumulation distribution law (quantitative) of the test gas after release.

[0102] The second gas monitoring mechanism 8 includes a laser light source 81 , a first reflecting mirror 82 , a first concave mirror 83 , a second concave mirror 84 , a second reflecting mirror 85 , a knife edge 86 , and a second high-speed camera 87 .

[0103] A first reflector 82 is arranged on the outgoing light path of the laser light source 81. A first concave mirror 83 is arranged on the outgoing light path of the first reflector 82. The first concave mirror 83 and the second concave mirror 84 are symmetrically placed with the test gas release area of ​​the nozzle 6 as the center, and are in the same horizontal plane. A second reflector 85 is arranged on the outgoing light path of the second concave mirror 84. A knife edge 86 is arranged on the outgoing light path of the second reflector 85. A second high-speed camera 87 is arranged on the outgoing light path of the knife edge 86. The second high-speed camera 87 is electrically connected to the control mechanism 20.

[0104] Specifically, the laser light source 81 is turned on first. A first reflector 82 is set on the outgoing light path of the laser light source 81, and the first reflector 82 is adjusted to collect the focused light beam. A first concave mirror 83 is set on the outgoing light path of the first reflector 82 to reflect the light beam to the first concave mirror 83. The first concave mirror 83 and the second concave mirror 84 are symmetrically placed with the nozzle 6 releasing the test gas area as the center, and are in the same horizontal plane. The second reflector 85 is set on the outgoing light path of the second concave mirror 84, and the second reflector is adjusted to ensure that the focused light beam is collected. The knife edge 86 is set on the outgoing light path of the second reflector 85, and the second high-speed camera 87 is set on the outgoing light path of the knife edge 86. The knife edge 86 is adjusted to change the brightness of the on-site image to ensure that the second high-speed camera 87 collects higher quality flow field distribution image information. The second high-speed camera 87 transmits the image information to the control mechanism 20, so that the density change of the gas flow field near the nozzle 6 can be recorded, and then the jet structure characteristics (qualitative) of the test gas can be monitored.

[0105] The first gas monitoring mechanism 7 of the embodiment of the present invention can quantitatively analyze the diffusion and accumulation flow field distribution rules of the test gas after release, and the second gas monitoring mechanism 8 can qualitatively analyze the jet structure characteristics of the test gas, ensuring the diversity and accuracy of the data. By combining image data with text data, the diffusion and accumulation flow field distribution rules of the test gas after accidental release and the jet structure characteristics of the test gas are obtained. The multi-source data acquisition strategy significantly improves the richness and reliability of the experimental data, which helps to more comprehensively understand and predict hydrogen leakage phenomena. The concentration sensor 9 and the anemometer 40 are integrated to fully capture the concentration data and velocity data in the narrow and long confined space model 1, providing a detailed data basis for the in-depth analysis of the diffusion and accumulation characteristics of hydrogen.

[0106] Optionally, the test gas is helium to ensure the safety of the test. Due to the difference between hydrogen and helium, in order to ensure the accuracy of the results, the first formula is used to correct the measurement results. The first formula is:

[0107]

[0108] In the formula, Q He is the volume flow rate of helium; is the volume flow rate of hydrogen; ρ air is the gas density in the flow field; ρ He is the density of helium; is the hydrogen density; when n = 0, it is the corrected volume flow rate; when n = 1 / 2, it is the corrected hydrogen concentration level; when n = 1, it is the corrected buoyancy flux

[0109] Helium belongs to the gas phase flow field, and the density of tracer particles should be as equal to the fluid density as possible. Under the condition of ensuring imaging, the particle diameter should be as small as possible. Therefore, in order to ensure the effectiveness and accuracy of the test device, TiO2 particles are selected as tracer particles.

[0110] Optionally, the tracer particle is TiO2. The diameter of the tracer particle is calculated as:

[0111] According to the Basset-Boussinesq-Oseen (BBO) equation, only the viscosity and inertia terms are considered, and the exponential decay relationship between the tracer particle velocity and the flow field velocity is calculated by the second formula. The second formula is:

[0112]

[0113] Where U p is the tracer particle velocity; U is the flow field velocity; t is the tracer particle movement time; τ is the relaxation time that limits the particle response, which is calculated by the third formula:

[0114]

[0115] In the formula, ρ p is the density of the particle; d p is the diameter of the particle; μ f is the air dynamic viscosity; C D is the resistance coefficient; Re p is the particle Reynolds number, which is calculated by the fourth formula:

[0116] Re p =(ρ f U p -Uδ p ) / μ f ,

[0117] In the formula, ρ f is the tracer particle density; U p is the tracer particle velocity; U is the flow field velocity; δ p is the diameter of the tracer particle; μ f is the dynamic viscosity of air.

[0118] Furthermore, the diameter of the tracer particles is 5um to 20um. In order to adapt to the monitoring effect under different working conditions, small-diameter TiO2 particles (5um to 20um) are selected as tracer particles for monitoring.

[0119] Another embodiment of the present invention provides a method for testing the accumulation law of high-pressure hydrogen leakage in a narrow and long confined space. Based on the above-mentioned device for testing the accumulation law of high-pressure hydrogen leakage in a narrow and long confined space, the method includes the following steps, and the numbers after the steps do not represent the order of execution.

[0120] Open multiple concentration sensors 9, data acquisition instruments 10, control mechanisms 20 and other structures that need to be opened in advance to prevent data leakage.

[0121] Step 1: Check the air tightness of the gas input mechanism 2, the high-pressure stirring mechanism 5 and the connecting pipeline, that is, check the air tightness of the gas supply mechanism. Open the main valve 23, any one of the gas cylinder valves 22 (only one gas cylinder valve 22 is opened at a time), the air inlet valve 52 and the air outlet valve 54. The control mechanism 20 controls the control cabinet 4 so that the control cabinet 4 controls the start of the solenoid valve 3. The high-pressure test gas in the gas cylinder 21 is transported through the first pipeline, flows through the air inlet valve 52 and the first pressure sensor 53 in sequence into the high-pressure stirrer 51, and then flows out of the air outlet valve 54. The flow rate of the test gas is controlled by the flowmeter 55, and finally flows through the second pressure sensor 56. The operator observes the pressure value displayed by the first pressure sensor 53 and the pressure value displayed by the second pressure sensor 56, and calculates the error, monitors the pressure change in the gas supply mechanism, and thus judges the air tightness of the entire gas supply mechanism. When the error is less than 5%, it is determined that the gas supply mechanism is not leaking, and when the error is greater than 5%, it is determined that the gas supply mechanism is leaking.

[0122] In order to ensure the safety of the experimental process and experimental equipment, the automatic detection program of the test device in the program of the automatic control cabinet 4 is started at the beginning of the experiment to self-check the working state parameters of each device such as voltage, current, real-time flow, space pressure, etc. If all state parameters are within the threshold range, the test will start; if the set flow upper limit, pressure upper limit, etc. are exceeded, the solenoid valve 3 will automatically close and stop supplying gas, and the experimenter can restart the test after confirming the safety state.

[0123] Step 2: The control mechanism 20 controls the solenoid valve 3 to open, and the gas input mechanism 2 inputs the test gas into the high-pressure stirring mechanism 5. The control mechanism 20 operates the solenoid valve 3 to open, which indicates the start of the test. When the test starts, the delay stop release time is set. The operation indicator light on the control cabinet 4 shows green, which indicates normal operation. When the operation indicator light goes out, it indicates that the system is abnormal. At this time, the solenoid valve 3 is automatically closed, and no high-pressure helium passes through the gas supply pipeline. The fan 30 is turned on to dilute the test gas released in the narrow and long confined space model 1, and the ventilation environment simulation along the length direction of the narrow and long confined space model 1 is completed. The wind speed data in the narrow and long confined space model 1 is collected and recorded by the anemometer 40, and the dilution effect of longitudinal ventilation on the gas is analyzed.

[0124] The control mechanism 20 controls the high-pressure stirring mechanism 5 to mix the tracer particles with the test gas, and then releases them to the location of the gas storage vehicle model 50 through the nozzle 6, simulating an accidental hydrogen leakage accident of the hydrogen transport vehicle. The first gas monitoring mechanism 7 monitors the diffusion and accumulation flow field distribution law (quantitative) of the test gas after release.

[0125] Specifically, after the test starts, nano-sized TiO2 particles are injected into the high-pressure stirring mechanism 5 as tracer particles. When the test gas in the gas cylinder 21 is injected into the high-pressure stirring mechanism 5 through the first pipeline, the tracer particles are evenly mixed with the test gas in the high-pressure stirring mechanism 5, and then released into the narrow and long confined space model 1 together with the test gas through the second pipeline. Turn on the laser 71 to emit laser. The sheet light source 72 is arranged on the output light path of the laser 71, and the laser light forms a thin and uniform light sheet through the sheet light source 72. The laser reflector 73 is arranged on the output light path of the sheet light source 72 to change the direction of the laser light path so that the laser is directed to the area where the nozzle 6 releases the test gas, so that the laser light source 81 illuminates the fluid area containing the tracer particles. There are at least two first high-speed cameras 74, and at least two first high-speed cameras 74 are configured to take images of the area where the test gas is released. Figure 1 It shows the use of two first high-speed cameras 74 with an exposure time interval of up to 140ns to capture two-dimensional images, the two first high-speed cameras 74 transmit the image data to the control mechanism 20, the control mechanism 20 performs image processing on the image data, calculates the average displacement of particles in the shooting area, calculates the velocity vector of the fluid in combination with the known shooting time interval, repeatedly shoots and records the flow field distribution images at different positions, and then combines the velocity vectors at all positions to form a velocity field for the entire observation area, and finally analyzes the velocity field data to monitor the diffusion and accumulation distribution law (quantitative) of the test gas after release.

[0126] Step 3: The control mechanism 20 controls the solenoid valve 3 to open, and releases the test gas directly to the location of the gas storage vehicle model 50 through the nozzle 6, simulating an accidental hydrogen leakage accident of the hydrogen transport vehicle, and the second gas monitoring mechanism 8 monitors the jet structure characteristics (qualitative) of the test gas.

[0127] Specifically, the laser light source 81 is turned on. A first reflector 82 is set on the outgoing light path of the laser light source 81, and the first reflector 82 is adjusted to collect the focused light beam. A first concave mirror 83 is set on the outgoing light path of the first reflector 82 to reflect the light beam to the first concave mirror 83. The first concave mirror 83 and the second concave mirror 84 are symmetrically placed with the nozzle 6 releasing the test gas area as the center, and are in the same horizontal plane. The second reflector 85 is set on the outgoing light path of the second concave mirror 84, and the second reflector is adjusted to ensure that the focused light beam is collected. The knife edge 86 is set on the outgoing light path of the second reflector 85, and the second high-speed camera 87 is set on the outgoing light path of the knife edge 86. The knife edge 86 is adjusted to change the brightness of the on-site image, so as to ensure that the second high-speed camera 87 collects higher quality flow field distribution image information, and records the density change of the gas flow field near the nozzle 6, so as to monitor the jet structure characteristics (qualitative) of the test gas.

[0128] The plurality of concentration sensors 9 measure the concentration distribution electric signals of the test gas leaking in the narrow and long confined space model 1 over time, and transmit the concentration distribution electric signals to the data acquisition device 10. The test gas is helium, so the concentration sensor 9 is a helium concentration sensor.

[0129] The data acquisition device 10 converts the concentration distribution electrical signal and transmits it to the control mechanism 20. Specifically, the data acquisition device 10 is used to convert the voltage signal of the concentration distribution electrical signal collected by the concentration sensor 9 into a data signal, and then synchronously transmit the data signal to the control mechanism 20.

[0130] When the test device for the accumulation law of high-pressure hydrogen leakage in a long and narrow confined space also includes a fan 30 and an anemometer 40, the fan 30, the anemometer 40 and multiple concentration sensors 9 are used simultaneously. The wind speed data in the long and narrow confined space model 1 is collected and recorded by the anemometer 40, and the concentration sensor 9 collects the concentration distribution electrical signal in the long and narrow confined space model 1, so as to analyze the dilution effect of longitudinal ventilation on the gas.

[0131] The test gas is helium to ensure the safety of the test. Due to the differences between hydrogen and helium, in order to ensure the accuracy of the results,

[0132] The first formula is used to correct the measurement result. The first formula is:

[0133]

[0134] In the formula, QHe is the volume flow rate of helium; is the volume flow rate of hydrogen; ρ air is the gas density in the flow field; ρ He is the density of helium; is the hydrogen density; when n=0, it corrects for volume flow; when n=1 / 2, it corrects for hydrogen concentration level; when n=1, it corrects for buoyancy flux.

[0135] According to the working conditions, the appropriate particle diameter is calculated by the following formula. The tracer particle is TiO2. The diameter of the tracer particle is calculated as follows:

[0136] The exponential decay relationship between the tracer particle velocity and the flow field velocity is calculated by the second formula, which is:

[0137]

[0138] Where U p is the tracer particle velocity; U is the flow field velocity; t is the tracer particle movement time; τ is the relaxation time that limits the particle response, which is calculated by the third formula:

[0139]

[0140] In the formula, ρ p is the density of the particle; d p is the diameter of the particle; μ f is the air dynamic viscosity; C D is the resistance coefficient; Re p is the particle Reynolds number, which is calculated by the fourth formula:

[0141] Re p =(ρ f U p -Uδ p ) / μ f ,

[0142] In the formula, ρ f is the tracer particle density; U p is the tracer particle velocity; U is the flow field velocity; δ p is the diameter of the tracer particle; μ f is the dynamic viscosity of air.

[0143] Furthermore, the diameter of the tracer particles is 5um to 20um.

[0144] The test method for the accumulation law of high-pressure hydrogen leakage in a long and narrow confined space according to the embodiment of the present invention can highly restore real long and narrow confined space scenes such as tunnels, and can monitor the diffusion and accumulation flow field distribution law of the test gas after release, monitor the jet structure characteristics of the test gas, and analyze the dilution effect of longitudinal ventilation on the gas, thereby being able to monitor the leakage of the test gas in many aspects, and the experimental results are more accurate, highly intelligent, low-cost and safe.

[0145] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, and the same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referenced to each other. Each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments.

[0146] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, rather than to limit the present application. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, a person of ordinary skill in the art should understand that the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features thereof may be replaced by equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the present application.

Claims

1. A test device for the accumulation law of high-pressure hydrogen leakage in a narrow and confined space, characterized in that: It includes a narrow and long confined space model, a gas input mechanism, a solenoid valve, a control cabinet, a high-pressure stirring mechanism, a nozzle, a first gas monitoring mechanism, a second gas monitoring mechanism, a concentration sensor, a data acquisition instrument, and a control mechanism; The upper part of the cross section of the narrow and long confined space model perpendicular to the length direction is arched, and the lower part is rectangular; The gas storage vehicle model is placed in the narrow and long confined space model; The gas input mechanism is connected to the high-pressure stirring mechanism through a first pipeline; The high-pressure stirring mechanism is configured to mix the tracer particles with the input test gas, and then communicate with the nozzle through the second pipeline; The nozzle is arranged at the location of the gas storage vehicle model; The first gas monitoring mechanism and the second gas monitoring mechanism are both arranged at the region where the nozzle releases the test gas. The first gas monitoring mechanism is configured to cooperate with the high-pressure stirring mechanism to monitor the distribution law of the diffusion and accumulation flow field of the test gas after release, and the second gas monitoring mechanism is configured to monitor the jet structure characteristics of the test gas. There are a plurality of concentration sensors, and the plurality of concentration sensors are evenly distributed on the top of the narrow and long confined space model along the length direction of the narrow and long confined space model, and are all electrically connected to the data acquisition instrument; The solenoid valve is arranged on the first pipeline; The solenoid valve and the high-pressure stirring mechanism are both electrically connected to the control cabinet, and the control cabinet is configured to control the working states of the solenoid valve and the high-pressure stirring mechanism; The control cabinet, the data acquisition instrument, the first gas monitoring mechanism and the second gas monitoring mechanism are all electrically connected to the control mechanism.

2. The narrow and long confined space high-pressure hydrogen leakage accumulation law test device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The high-pressure stirring mechanism includes a high-pressure stirrer, an air inlet valve, a first pressure sensor, an air outlet valve, a flow meter and a second pressure sensor; The first pipeline connects the gas input mechanism and the high-pressure agitator; The air intake valve and the first pressure sensor are sequentially arranged on the first pipeline; The second pipeline connects the high-pressure agitator and the nozzle; The air outlet valve, the flow meter and the second pressure sensor are arranged on the second pipeline in sequence.

3. The narrow and long confined space high-pressure hydrogen leakage accumulation law test device according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The control cabinet includes a data acquisition module, an overload relay and a first contactor; The solenoid valve, the flow meter, the high-pressure agitator, the overload relay, the first contactor, the first pressure sensor and the second pressure sensor are all electrically connected to the data acquisition module; The data acquisition module is electrically connected to the control mechanism.

4. The narrow and long confined space high pressure hydrogen leakage accumulation law test device according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The control cabinet also includes an emergency stop button and a second contactor; The emergency stop button and the second contactor are both electrically connected to the data acquisition module.

5. The narrow and long confined space high pressure hydrogen leakage accumulation law test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes fans and anemometers; The fan is arranged at the top of the narrow and long confined space model; An anemometer is arranged at each end of the narrow and long confined space model.

6. The narrow and long confined space high pressure hydrogen leakage accumulation law testing device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The first gas monitoring mechanism includes a laser, a light sheet, a laser reflector and a first high-speed camera; The laser emits laser light; The light source sheet is arranged on the outgoing light path of the laser; The laser reflector is arranged on the outgoing light path of the light source sheet to change the direction of the laser light path so that the laser is directed to the area where the nozzle releases the test gas; There are at least two first high-speed cameras, and the at least two first high-speed cameras are configured to take images of the area where the test gas is released; The two first high-speed cameras are both electrically connected to the control mechanism.

7. The narrow and long confined space high pressure hydrogen leakage accumulation law testing device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The second gas monitoring mechanism includes a laser light source, a first reflector, a first concave mirror, a second concave mirror, a second reflector, a knife edge, and a second high-speed camera; The first reflector is arranged on the outgoing light path of the laser light source; The first concave mirror is arranged on the outgoing light path of the first reflector; The first concave mirror and the second concave mirror are symmetrically placed with the nozzle releasing the test gas area as the center and are on the same horizontal plane; The second reflector is arranged on the outgoing light path of the second concave mirror; The knife edge is arranged on the outgoing light path of the second reflector; The second high-speed camera is arranged on the outgoing light path of the knife edge; The second high-speed camera is electrically connected to the control mechanism.

8. The narrow and long confined space high pressure hydrogen leakage accumulation law testing device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The test gas is helium; The measurement result is corrected using a first formula, wherein the first formula is: In the formula, is the volume flow rate of helium; is the volume flow rate of hydrogen; ρ air is the gas density in the flow field; is the density of helium; is the hydrogen density; when n=0, it corrects for volume flow; when n=1 / 2, it corrects for hydrogen concentration level; when n=1, it corrects for buoyancy flux.

9. The narrow and long confined space high pressure hydrogen leakage accumulation law testing device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The tracer particles are TiO2; The diameter of the tracer particles is calculated as follows: The exponential decay relationship between the tracer particle velocity and the flow field velocity is calculated by the second formula, which is: Where U p is the tracer particle velocity; U is the flow field velocity; t is the tracer particle movement time; τ is the relaxation time that limits the particle response, which is calculated by the third formula: In the formula, ρ p is the density of the particle; d p is the diameter of the particle; μ f is the air dynamic viscosity; C D is the resistance coefficient; Re p is the particle Reynolds number, which is calculated by the fourth formula: Re p =(ρ f U p -Uδ p ) / m f , In the formula, ρ f is the tracer particle density; U p is the tracer particle velocity; U is the flow field velocity; δ p is the diameter of the tracer particle; μ f is the dynamic viscosity of air.

10. A method for testing the accumulation law of high-pressure hydrogen leakage in a narrow and confined space, characterized in that: The test device for the accumulation law of high-pressure hydrogen leakage in a narrow and long confined space according to any one of claims 1 to 9 comprises: Check the air tightness of the gas input mechanism, high-pressure stirring mechanism and connecting pipelines; The control mechanism controls the electromagnetic valve to open, and the gas input mechanism inputs the test gas into the high-pressure stirring mechanism; the control mechanism controls the high-pressure stirring mechanism to mix the tracer particles with the test gas, and then releases them to the location of the gas storage car model through the nozzle; the first gas monitoring mechanism monitors the diffusion and accumulation flow field distribution law of the test gas after release; The control mechanism controls the solenoid valve to open, and directly releases the test gas to the location of the gas storage car model through the nozzle, and the second gas monitoring mechanism monitors the jet structure characteristics of the test gas; multiple concentration sensors measure the concentration distribution electrical signal of the test gas leaked in the narrow and long confined space model over time, and transmit the concentration distribution electrical signal to the data acquisition instrument; the data acquisition instrument converts the concentration distribution electrical signal and transmits it to the control mechanism.

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