Buoyancy experiment device and method for physics teaching

Abstract

The invention relates to a buoyancy experiment device and experiment method for physics teaching, and the device comprises an experiment frame, the experiment frame is inserted in an experiment box, the top of the experiment frame is fixedly provided with a handle, the bottom of the handle is provided with an upper connection frame, and the lower part of the upper connection frame is provided with an upper experiment box. A middle connecting frame is arranged at the bottom of the upper experiment box, a middle experiment box is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the middle connecting frame, meanwhile, a lower connecting frame is installed at the bottom of the middle experiment box, a lower experiment box is arranged at the bottom of the lower connecting frame, and the structures of the lower experiment box, the middle experiment box and the upper experiment box are consistent. According to the buoyancy experiment device for physics teaching and the experiment method, the experiment frame can be directly stored in the experiment box and can also be hung on the outer side of the experiment box in a hanging mode for carrying work, the overall shape is small and exquisite, the structure is novel, carrying is convenient, a teacher can carry the buoyancy experiment device with one hand, and the buoyancy experiment device shuttles back and forth among different classrooms for use.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of pedagogy, in particular to a buoyancy experiment device and an experiment method for physics teaching. Background Art

[0002] Physics is a subject that studies the most general laws of material movement and the basic structure of matter. The buoyancy phenomenon is the key content of the physics course. Objects immersed in liquid will be affected by gravity and buoyancy. When the buoyancy is greater than the gravity, the object will float on the surface of the liquid. The buoyancy experiment focuses on the experimental process and requires students to participate in the experiment. It is not conducive to students' learning if the buoyancy experiment is only explained orally by the teacher. Regarding the patent of buoyancy experiment, the publication number is CN109377838A, a buoyancy experiment device and an experiment method for physics teaching; the article includes an experiment device, which includes an experiment cylinder, a first dynamometer, a second dynamometer and an experiment float, and is characterized in that it also includes a water injection tank, a drainage tank and a control unit; A first pipe connected to the experimental cylinder is provided at the bottom of the water injection tank, a second pipe connected to the experimental cylinder is provided at the bottom of the drainage tank, and a third pipe connected to the water injection tank is provided at the top of the drainage tank; a first control valve, a second control valve and a third control valve for controlling the on-off of the pipes are provided on the first pipe, the second pipe and the third pipe respectively; a water pump connected to the third pipe is provided in the water injection tank, and a first pressure sensor capable of sensing the pressure signal at the bottom of the drainage tank is fixed at the bottom of the drainage tank; Although the above device can demonstrate the principle of buoyancy experiment to students, the entire buoyancy device is large in size, complicated to manufacture and costly, and cannot be conveniently carried when teachers shuttle between classrooms to teach. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a buoyancy experiment device and an experiment method for physics teaching, so as to solve the defects mentioned in the above background technology.

[0004] In order to achieve the above purpose, the following implementation scheme is specifically adopted: A buoyancy experiment device and an experiment method for physics teaching, comprising an experiment frame, wherein the experiment frame is inserted into an experiment box, and a handle is fixedly arranged on the top of the experiment frame, and an upper connection frame is installed at the bottom of the handle, and an upper experiment box is installed below the upper connection frame, a middle connection frame is arranged at the bottom of the upper experiment box, and a middle experiment box is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the middle connection frame, and a lower connection frame is installed at the bottom of the middle experiment box, and a lower experiment box is arranged at the bottom of the lower connection frame, and the structures of the lower experiment box, the middle experiment box and the upper experiment box are consistent; four groups of positioning grooves are evenly opened at the bottom of the lower experiment box, and the four groups of positioning grooves are respectively sleeved on the outside of four groups of positioning columns located at the bottom of the experiment box.

[0005] Preferably, a top seat is fixedly installed on the top of the upper connecting frame, and the top seat is a "U"-shaped structure made of plastic material. At the same time, a handle is fixedly installed on the top surface of the top seat, and the handle is cylindrical, and multiple groups of equidistantly distributed rubber rings are evenly arranged on the outer side of the circumference of the handle.

[0006] Preferably, the upper connecting frame, the middle connecting frame and the lower connecting frame are all made of acrylic material with a rectangular cross-section, and the upper experimental box, the middle experimental box and the lower experimental box are assembled and fixed by the upper connecting frame, the middle connecting frame and the lower connecting frame; the outer sides of the upper connecting frame, the middle connecting frame and the lower connecting frame are fixedly provided with a "U"-shaped hanging frame, and the experimental frame is connected to the three groups of suspensions fixed on the outer wall of the experimental box through the three groups of connecting frames on the outside, and the cross-section of the suspension is "L"-shaped.

[0007] Preferably, both sides of the end faces of the upper connecting frame, the middle connecting frame and the lower connecting frame are provided with assembly grooves, and both sides of the end faces of the upper experimental box, the middle experimental box and the lower experimental box are fixedly provided with assembly seats, and the sizes of the assembly seats and the assembly grooves are adapted.

[0008] Preferably, the assembling seat is inserted into the interior of the assembling slot and fixedly connected by two sets of bolts, and the assembling seat and the assembling slot are both rectangular in shape, and both ends of the assembling seat and the assembling slot are arc-shaped.

[0009] Preferably, the upper experiment box, the middle experiment box and the lower experiment box are all cube structures made of acrylic material, and the upper experiment box, the middle experiment box and the lower experiment box are all provided with experiment openings on the left side, the right side, the back side and the bottom side, and the upper experiment box, the middle experiment box and the lower experiment box are provided with windows on the front side, the windows and the experiment openings are all circular, and the diameters of the windows and the experiment openings are consistent.

[0010] Preferably, a buoyancy display assembly is installed on the left side, right side, back side and bottom surface of the upper experiment box, the middle experiment box and the lower experiment box, and the buoyancy display assembly includes a mounting platform fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the circumference of the experiment port, and the surface of the mounting platform is covered with a mounting ring, and a pressure ring is fixedly arranged on the outer side of the mounting ring, and fixing bolts are inserted into the pressure ring.

[0011] Preferably, the fixing bolts are evenly arranged in five groups, and the fixing bolts respectively pass through the pressure ring and the mounting ring and are screwed into the screw holes opened on the surface of the mounting platform; the axial section of the mounting platform, the mounting ring and the pressure ring is a concentric circle structure.

[0012] Preferably, a silicone film sheet is fixedly mounted on the circumferential inner wall of the mounting ring, and the silicone film sheet covers the outer side of the experimental port, and at the same time, an inner indicator ring, a middle indicator ring and an outer indicator ring are fixedly mounted on the surface of the silicone film sheet, and the axial section of the silicone film sheet, the inner indicator ring, the middle indicator ring and the outer indicator ring is a concentric circle structure.

[0013] A buoyancy experiment method for physics teaching comprises the following steps: S1: In the equipment preparation stage, the device is first assembled. Specifically, the buoyancy display components are first installed on the upper experiment box, the middle experiment box, and the lower experiment box, and the upper experiment box, the middle experiment box, and the lower experiment box are assembled through the upper connection frame, the middle connection frame, and the lower connection frame to form an experimental frame; and ensure that the silicone film on the buoyancy display component is not damaged; the upper experiment box, the middle experiment box, and the lower experiment box can be used as three particles to measure the buoyancy changes of the three groups of buoyancy experiment particles in the diving stage and the rising stage in the water respectively; S2: Initial position measurement stage: Hold the handle and put the whole experimental frame into the experimental box filled with water. The depth of the water in the experimental box meets the experimental requirements for the change of water pressure at different depths. Before putting the experimental frame into the experimental box, the initial state parameters of the film when it is not under water pressure, such as shape, area, etc., must be accurately measured; and the buoyancy of the film at this time is measured. At this time, the buoyancy is equal to the weight of the water displaced by the frame and the film. Using Archimedes' principle F 浮 =ρ 液 V 排 Calculate and record the density P of the water and the value of gravitational acceleration g; these data will serve as the basis for subsequent analysis of the degree of film deformation; S3: During the diving stage, after the experimental frame is put into the experimental box filled with water, the silicone film sheets at different positions on the upper experimental box, the middle experimental box, and the lower experimental box are submerged in water at different depths. As the depth increases, according to the liquid pressure formula P=ρgh, the water pressure will gradually increase and act on the film, causing the silicone film sheet to deform into a hemispherical shape. The deformation degrees of silicone film sheets at different depths are different. During the diving process, the deformation of the silicone film sheet can be observed through the front window or the camera shooting window to record the gradual compression and deformation process as the depth increases. At the same time, the relationship between the depth and the degree of film deformation is continuously recorded. For example, the shape change, area change and other data of the film are recorded every time the dive reaches a certain depth. S4: Buoyancy and pressure measurement stage, re-measure the buoyancy of the silicone film at different depths; because the silicone film is compressed and deformed, the volume V of the displaced liquid changes, and according to the Archimedean principle, the buoyancy will also change; at the same time, calculate the water pressure on the film according to the liquid pressure formula; record the data of buoyancy and water pressure at different depths, and create a data table or use data acquisition software to store the data for subsequent analysis; the relationship between buoyancy change and depth, the relationship between film deformation and water pressure, etc. can be analyzed; S5: During the ascent phase, the experimental box is slowly lifted from the bottom of the water to the surface. During the ascent process, the recovery of the silicone film should also be observed, and the process of the silicone film gradually recovering its shape as the depth decreases should be recorded. The data should be compared with the data during the descent process to verify the reversibility of the experiment. The buoyancy and water pressure on the film and frame at different depths during the ascent process should be measured to see if they are consistent with the data at the corresponding depth during the descent process, so as to verify the accuracy of the experimental results. To observe the deformation of the film, the side observation window or underwater camera equipment can be used to record the process of the film being gradually compressed and deformed as the depth increases; at the same time, the relationship between the depth and the degree of film deformation can be continuously recorded. For example, the shape change and area change of the film can be recorded every time the dive reaches a certain depth. S6: Data analysis and experimental summary stage, all data recorded during the experiment, including depth, film deformation, buoyancy, water pressure and other data, are sorted and analyzed; graphs can be drawn, such as depth-film deformation curve, depth-buoyancy change curve, depth-water pressure change curve, etc.; through the analysis of these data and graphs, the deformation law of the film under different water pressures and the law of buoyancy change with film deformation are summarized, so as to draw experimental conclusions, and can be compared with theoretical calculation results; such as calculating the deformation of the film under water pressure according to the theory of elastic mechanics, and calculating the buoyancy change according to Archimedes principle and volume change; to verify the correctness of the experiment and the applicability of the theory.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. The present invention observes the pressure of the silicone film sheets at different positions on the experimental frame at different water depths through the window, so as to reflect the buoyancy at different depths. At the same time, the experimental frame as a whole is composed of three groups of experimental boxes, three groups of connecting frames and handles. It is used in conjunction with the experimental box. The experimental frame can be directly stored inside the experimental box, or it can be hung on the outside of the experimental box by hanging for carrying. The overall shape is compact, the structure is novel, and it is easy to carry. Teachers can carry it with one hand and use it between different classrooms. 2. The silicone film sheet of the present invention is respectively provided with an inner indication ring, a middle indication ring and an outer indication ring; the inner indication ring, the middle indication ring and the outer indication ring are red coils, and when the silicone film sheet is deformed, the inner indication ring, the middle indication ring and the outer indication ring can display the silicone film sheet more intuitively; the experimental frame is specifically installed in a detachable splicing manner. When performing maintenance, only the damaged parts need to be replaced, and the other intact parts can be continuously used. The assembly is simple and practical. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 It is a front view schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention.

[0016] Figure 2 for Figure 1 Bottom view of .

[0017] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Top view of the .

[0018] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the experimental frame.

[0019] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Bottom view of .

[0020] Figure 6 for Figure 4 Top view of the .

[0021] Figure 7 The following is a schematic diagram of the experimental box.

[0022] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the installation ring cross section.

[0023] In the figure: 1 experimental frame, 11 upper experimental box, 12 middle experimental box, 13 lower experimental box, 130 window, 131 experimental port, 132 mounting table, 133 mounting ring, 1331 silicone film sheet, 1332 inner display ring, 1333 middle display ring, 1334 outer display ring, 134 pressure ring, 135 fixing bolt, 136 assembly seat, 137 positioning groove, 138 buoyancy display component, 14 upper connecting frame, 15 middle connecting frame, 16 lower connecting frame, 161 hanging frame, 162 assembly groove, 17 top seat, 18 handle, 2 experimental box, 20 positioning column, 21 suspension. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. At the same time, it is explained here that in order to make the embodiments more detailed, the following embodiments are the best and preferred embodiments, and those skilled in the art may also adopt other alternatives to implement some known technologies; and the accompanying drawings are only for more specific description of the embodiments, and are not intended to specifically limit the present invention.

[0025] Embodiment 1: The present invention provides a technical solution, which is a buoyancy experiment device and an experimental method for physics teaching, specifically as follows Figure 1-8The buoyancy experiment device includes an experiment frame 1, which is plugged into the interior of the experiment box 2, and a handle 18 is fixedly arranged on the top of the experiment frame 1, and an upper connecting frame 14 is installed at the bottom of the handle 18, and an upper experiment box 11 is installed below the upper connecting frame 14, a middle connecting frame 15 is arranged at the bottom of the upper experiment box 11, and a middle experiment box 12 is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the middle connecting frame 15, and a lower connecting frame 16 is installed at the bottom of the middle experiment box 12, and a lower experiment box 13 is arranged at the bottom of the lower connecting frame 16, and the structures of the lower experiment box 13, the middle experiment box 12 and the upper experiment box 11 are consistent; four groups of positioning grooves 137 are evenly opened at the bottom of the lower experiment box 13, and the four groups of positioning grooves 137 are respectively sleeved on the outside of four groups of positioning columns 20 located at the bottom of the interior of the experiment box 2.

[0026] Based on the above technical solution, when actually using it, it is first necessary to fill the experimental frame 1 with water, and then hold the handle 18 to vertically insert the experimental frame 1 into the interior of the experimental box 2. At this time, the four groups of positioning grooves 137 at the bottom of the experimental frame 1 are respectively connected to the outside of the four groups of positioning columns 20 located at the bottom of the experimental box 2, and the experimental frame 1 can be vertically inserted into the experimental box 2 filled with water. At the same time, since the experimental frame 1 is made of transparent material as a whole, it is convenient to observe the silicone film sheets 1331 at different positions on the experimental frame 1 through the window 130, and the pressure conditions inside different water depths, so as to reflect the pressure of the experimental frame 1. The buoyancy at different depths is different. At the same time, the experimental frame 1 is composed of three groups of experimental boxes, three groups of connecting frames and handles 18. It is used in conjunction with the experimental box 2. The experimental frame 1 can be directly stored in the interior of the experimental box 2, or it can be hung on the outside of the experimental box 2 for carrying. The overall shape is compact, the structure is novel, and it is easy to carry. Teachers can carry it with one hand and use it between different classrooms. The installation method of the buoyancy display component 138 is: hold the mounting ring 133, cover the mounting ring 133 on the surface of the mounting table 132, and then the pressure ring 134 covers the surface of the mounting ring 133, and The silicone film 1331 is screwed and fixed by multiple sets of fixing bolts 135. At this time, the silicone film 1331 covers the outside of the experimental port 131. Since the bottom of the silicone film 1331 is suspended without support, when the silicone film 1331 is submerged in the water body, the silicone film 1331 is deformed into a hemispherical shape under the action of water pressure, so as to perform a buoyancy experiment. At the same time, an inner indicator ring 1332, a middle indicator ring 1333 and an outer indicator ring 1334 are respectively provided on the silicone film 1331; the inner indicator ring 1332, the middle indicator ring 1333 and the outer indicator ring 1334 are red elastic coils. When the silicone When the film sheet 1331 is deformed, the inner indication ring 1332, the middle indication ring 1333 and the outer indication ring 1334 can display the silicone film sheet 1331 more intuitively; the experimental frame 1 specifically adopts a detachable splicing method for installation. The specific method takes the lower experimental box 13 and the lower connecting frame 16 as examples. The two groups of assembly grooves 162 at the bottom of the lower connecting frame 16 are respectively inserted into the two groups of assembly seats 136 fixed on the top of the lower experimental box 13, and fixedly connected by two groups of bolts. When performing maintenance, only the damaged parts need to be replaced, and the other intact parts can be continuously used. The assembly is simple and practical.

[0027] Embodiment 2: On the basis of Example 1, a further improvement is as follows: A top seat 17 is fixedly installed on the top of the upper connecting frame 14, and the top seat 17 is a "U"-shaped structure made of plastic material. At the same time, a handle 18 is fixedly installed on the top surface of the top seat 17, and the handle 18 is cylindrical, and a plurality of groups of equidistantly distributed rubber rings are evenly arranged on the outer side of the circumference of the handle 18.

[0028] The upper connecting frame 14, the middle connecting frame 15 and the lower connecting frame 16 are all made of acrylic material and have a rectangular cross-section. The upper experimental box 11, the middle experimental box 12 and the lower experimental box 13 are assembled and fixed by the upper connecting frame 14, the middle connecting frame 15 and the lower connecting frame 16. The outer sides of the upper connecting frame 14, the middle connecting frame 15 and the lower connecting frame 16 are fixedly provided with a "U"-shaped hanging frame 161, and the experimental frame 1 is connected to the three groups of suspensions 21 fixedly connected to the outer wall of the experimental box 2 through the three groups of connecting frames on the outer side, and the cross-section of the suspension 21 is "L"-shaped.

[0029] The upper connecting frame 14 , the middle connecting frame 15 and the lower connecting frame 16 are provided with assembly grooves 162 on both sides of the end faces, and the upper experimental box 11 , the middle experimental box 12 and the lower experimental box 13 are fixedly provided with assembly seats 136 on both sides of the end faces, and the assembly seats 136 are adapted to the size of the assembly grooves 162 .

[0030] The assembling seat 136 is inserted into the assembling groove 162 and fixedly connected by two sets of bolts. The assembling seat 136 and the assembling groove 162 are both rectangular in shape, and both ends of the assembling seat 136 and the assembling groove 162 are both arc-shaped.

[0031] On the basis of the above scheme, the upper experiment box 11, the middle experiment box 12 and the lower experiment box 13 are all cube structures made of acrylic material, and the left side, right side, back side and bottom surface of the upper experiment box 11, the middle experiment box 12 and the lower experiment box 13 are all provided with experiment openings 131, and the front side of the upper experiment box 11, the middle experiment box 12 and the lower experiment box 13 is provided with a window 130, and the window 130 and the experiment opening 131 are both circular, and the diameter of the window 130 is consistent with that of the experiment opening 131.

[0032] The upper experiment box 11, the middle experiment box 12 and the lower experiment box 13 are all installed with buoyancy display components 138 on the left, right, back and bottom. The buoyancy display component 138 includes a mounting platform 132 fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the circumference of the experiment port 131, and the surface of the mounting platform 132 is covered with a mounting ring 133, and a pressure ring 134 is fixedly arranged on the outer side of the mounting ring 133, and a fixing bolt 135 is inserted into the pressure ring 134.

[0033] Five groups of fixing bolts 135 are evenly arranged, and the fixing bolts 135 pass through the pressure ring 134 and the mounting ring 133 respectively and are screwed into the screw holes opened on the surface of the mounting platform 132; the axial section of the mounting platform 132, the mounting ring 133 and the pressure ring 134 is a concentric circle structure.

[0034] A silicone film sheet 1331 is fixedly mounted on the circumferential inner wall of the mounting ring 133, and the silicone film sheet 1331 covers the outer side of the experimental port 131, and an inner indicator ring 1332, a middle indicator ring 1333 and an outer indicator ring 1334 are fixedly mounted on the surface of the silicone film sheet 1331, respectively, and the axial sections of the silicone film sheet 1331, the inner indicator ring 1332, the middle indicator ring 1333 and the outer indicator ring 1334 are concentric circle structures.

[0035] A buoyancy experiment method for physics teaching comprises the following steps: S1: In the equipment preparation stage, the device is first assembled. Specifically, the buoyancy display assembly 138 is first installed on the upper experiment box 11, the middle experiment box 12, and the lower experiment box 13, and the upper experiment box 11, the middle experiment box 12, and the lower experiment box 13 are assembled through the upper connecting frame 14, the middle connecting frame 15, and the lower connecting frame 16 to form an experiment frame 1 after assembly; and ensure that the silicone film sheet 1331 on the buoyancy display assembly 138 is not damaged; the upper experiment box 11, the middle experiment box 12, and the lower experiment box 13 can be used as three particles to measure the buoyancy changes of the three groups of buoyancy experiment particles in the diving stage and the rising stage in the water respectively; S2: Initial position measurement stage, holding the handle 18, the whole test frame 1 is put into the test box 2 filled with water. The depth of the water in the test box 2 meets the requirements of the experiment for the change of water pressure at different depths. Before putting the test frame 1 into the test box 2, the initial state parameters of the film when it is not subjected to water pressure, such as shape, area, etc., must be accurately measured; and the buoyancy of the film at this time is measured. At this time, the buoyancy is equal to the weight of the water displaced by the frame and the film. Using Archimedes' principle F 浮 =ρ 液 V 排 Calculate and record the density P of the water and the value of gravitational acceleration g; these data will serve as the basis for subsequent analysis of the degree of film deformation; S3: Diving stage, after the experimental frame 1 is put into the experimental box 2 filled with water, the silicone film sheets 1331 at different positions on the upper experimental box 11, the middle experimental box 12, and the lower experimental box 13 are submerged in water at different depths. As the depth increases, according to the liquid pressure formula P=ρgh, the water pressure will gradually increase and act on the film; causing the silicone film sheet 1331 to deform into a hemispherical shape, and the deformation degrees of the silicone film sheets 1331 at different depths are different; during the diving process, the deformation of the silicone film sheet 1331 can be observed through the front window 130, or the camera shooting window 130, to record the gradual compression and deformation process as the depth increases; at the same time, the relationship between the depth and the degree of film deformation is continuously recorded, for example, the shape change, area change and other data of the film are recorded once every diving to a certain depth; S4: Buoyancy and pressure measurement stage, at different depths, the buoyancy of the silicone film 1331 is re-measured; because the silicone film 1331 is compressed and deformed, the volume V of the displaced liquid changes, and according to the Archimedean principle, the buoyancy will also change; at the same time, the water pressure on the film is calculated according to the liquid pressure formula; the data of buoyancy and water pressure at different depths are recorded, and a data table is established or the data is stored using data acquisition software for subsequent analysis; the relationship between buoyancy change and depth, the relationship between film deformation degree and water pressure, etc. can be analyzed; S5: During the ascent phase, the experimental box 2 is slowly lifted from the bottom of the water to the surface. During the ascent process, the recovery of the silicone film 1331 is also observed, and the process of the silicone film 1331 gradually recovering its shape as the depth decreases is recorded. The data is compared with the data of the diving process to verify the reversibility and other characteristics of the experiment. The buoyancy and water pressure of the film and frame at different depths during the ascent process are measured to see whether they are consistent with the data of the corresponding depth during the diving process, so as to verify the accuracy of the experimental results. To observe the deformation of the film, you can use the side observation window if the experiment is carried out in a water tank or other equipment, or use underwater video equipment to record the process of the film being gradually compressed and deformed as the depth increases; at the same time, continuously record the relationship between the depth and the degree of film deformation. For example, every time you dive to a certain depth, such as 0.1m, record the shape change, area change and other data of the film. S6: Data analysis and experimental summary stage, all data recorded during the experiment, including depth, film deformation, buoyancy, water pressure and other data, are sorted and analyzed; graphs can be drawn, such as depth-film deformation curve, depth-buoyancy change curve, depth-water pressure change curve, etc.; through the analysis of these data and graphs, the deformation law of the film under different water pressures and the law of buoyancy change with film deformation are summarized, so as to draw experimental conclusions, and can be compared with theoretical calculation results; such as calculating the deformation of the film under water pressure according to the theory of elastic mechanics, and calculating the buoyancy change according to Archimedes principle and volume change; to verify the correctness of the experiment and the applicability of the theory.

[0036] It is obvious to those skilled in the art that certain modifications, combinations and variations can be made based on the above teachings.

Claims

1. A buoyancy experiment device for physics teaching, comprising an experiment frame (1), characterized in that: The experimental frame (1) is plugged into the interior of the experimental box (2), and a handle (18) is fixedly provided on the top of the experimental frame (1), and an upper connecting frame (14) is installed at the bottom of the handle (18), and an upper experimental box (11) is installed below the upper connecting frame (14), a middle connecting frame (15) is provided at the bottom of the upper experimental box (11), and a middle experimental box (12) is fixedly provided at the bottom of the middle connecting frame (15), and a lower connecting frame (16) is installed at the bottom of the middle experimental box (12), and a lower experimental box (13) is provided at the bottom of the lower connecting frame (16), and the structures of the lower experimental box (13), the middle experimental box (12) and the upper experimental box (11) are consistent; four groups of positioning grooves (137) are evenly provided at the bottom of the lower experimental box (13), and the four groups of positioning grooves (137) are respectively sleeved on the outside of four groups of positioning columns (20) located at the bottom of the experimental box (2).

2. A buoyancy experiment device for physics teaching according to claim 1, characterized in that: A top seat (17) is fixedly mounted on the top of the upper connection frame (14), and the top seat (17) is a "U"-shaped structure made of plastic material. A handle (18) is fixedly mounted on the top surface of the top seat (17), and the handle (18) is cylindrical, and a plurality of groups of equidistantly distributed rubber rings are evenly arranged on the outer side of the circumference of the handle (18).

3. A buoyancy experiment device for physics teaching according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper connection frame (14), the middle connection frame (15) and the lower connection frame (16) are all made of acrylic material and have a rectangular cross-section. The upper experiment box (11), the middle experiment box (12) and the lower experiment box (13) are assembled and fixed by the upper connection frame (14), the middle connection frame (15) and the lower connection frame (16). The outer sides of the upper connection frame (14), the middle connection frame (15) and the lower connection frame (16) are all fixedly provided with "U"-shaped hanging frames (161), and the experiment frame (1) is connected to three groups of suspensions (21) fixedly connected to the outer wall of the experiment box (2) through three groups of outer connection frames. The cross-section of the suspension (21) is set in an "L" shape.

4. A buoyancy experiment device for physics teaching according to claim 3, characterized in that: Both sides of the end faces of the upper connection frame (14), the middle connection frame (15) and the lower connection frame (16) are provided with assembly grooves (162), and both sides of the end faces of the upper experiment box (11), the middle experiment box (12) and the lower experiment box (13) are fixedly provided with assembly seats (136), and the sizes of the assembly seats (136) and the assembly grooves (162) are adapted to each other.

5. A buoyancy experiment device for physics teaching according to claim 4, characterized in that: The assembly seat (136) is inserted into the assembly slot (162) and fixedly connected by two sets of bolts, and the assembly seat (136) and the assembly slot (162) are both rectangular in shape, and both ends of the assembly seat (136) and the assembly slot (162) are arc-shaped.

6. A buoyancy experiment device for physics teaching according to claim 3, characterized in that: The upper experiment box (11), the middle experiment box (12) and the lower experiment box (13) are all cube structures made of acrylic material, and the upper experiment box (11), the middle experiment box (12) and the lower experiment box (13) are all provided with experiment openings (131) on the left side, the right side, the back side and the bottom side, and the upper experiment box (11), the middle experiment box (12) and the lower experiment box (13) are provided with viewing windows (130) on the front side, and the viewing windows (130) and the experimental openings (131) are both circularly arranged, and the diameters of the viewing windows (130) and the experimental openings (131) are consistent.

7. A buoyancy experiment device for physics teaching according to claim 6, characterized in that: The upper experiment box (11), the middle experiment box (12) and the lower experiment box (13) are all provided with buoyancy display components (138) on the left side, the right side, the back side and the bottom side. The buoyancy display component (138) comprises a mounting platform (132) fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the circumference of the experiment opening (131), and the surface of the mounting platform (132) is covered with a mounting ring (133), and a pressure ring (134) is fixedly arranged on the outer side of the mounting ring (133), and a fixing bolt (135) is inserted into the pressure ring (134).

8. A buoyancy experiment device for physics teaching according to claim 7, characterized in that: The fixing bolts (135) are evenly arranged in five groups. The fixing bolts (135) respectively pass through the pressure ring (134) and the mounting ring (133) and are screwed into the inside of screw holes opened on the surface of the mounting platform (132). The axial cross-sections of the mounting platform (132), the mounting ring (133) and the pressure ring (134) are concentric circle structures.

9. A buoyancy experiment device for physics teaching according to claim 8, characterized in that: A silicone film sheet (1331) is fixedly mounted on the circumferential inner wall of the mounting ring (133), and the silicone film sheet (1331) covers the outer side of the experimental port (131). An inner indicator ring (1332), a middle indicator ring (1333), and an outer indicator ring (1334) are fixedly mounted on the surface of the silicone film sheet (1331), respectively. The axial sections of the silicone film sheet (1331), the inner indicator ring (1332), the middle indicator ring (1333), and the outer indicator ring (1334) are concentric circle structures.

10. A buoyancy experiment method for physics teaching according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: In the equipment preparation stage, the device is first assembled. Specifically, the buoyancy display assembly (138) is first installed on the upper experiment box (11), the middle experiment box (12), and the lower experiment box (13), and the upper experiment box (11), the middle experiment box (12), and the lower experiment box (13) are assembled through the upper connecting frame (14), the middle connecting frame (15), and the lower connecting frame (16). After the assembly is completed, the experiment frame (1) is formed; and it is ensured that the silicone film (1331) on the buoyancy display assembly (138) is not damaged; the upper experiment box (11), the middle experiment box (12), and the lower experiment box (13) can be used as three particles to measure the buoyancy changes of the three groups of buoyancy experiment particles in the diving stage and the rising stage in the water; S2: Initial position measurement stage, holding the handle (18), the whole test frame (1) is put into the test box (2) filled with water. The depth of the water in the test box (2) meets the experimental requirements for the change of water pressure at different depths. Before putting the test frame (1) into the test box (2), the initial state parameters of the film when it is not subjected to water pressure, such as shape, area, etc., must be accurately measured; and the buoyancy of the film at this time is measured. At this time, the buoyancy is equal to the weight of the water displaced by the frame and the film. Using Archimedes' principle F 浮 =ρ 液 V 排 Calculate and record the density P of the water and the value of gravitational acceleration g; these data will serve as the basis for subsequent analysis of the degree of film deformation; S3: During the diving stage, after the experimental frame (1) is put into the experimental box (2) filled with water, the silicone film sheets (1331) at different positions on the upper experimental box (11), the middle experimental box (12), and the lower experimental box (13) are submerged in water at different depths. As the depth increases, according to the liquid pressure formula P=ρgh, the water pressure will gradually increase and act on the film, causing the silicone film sheet (1331) to deform into a hemispherical shape. The deformation degrees of the silicone film sheets (1331) at different depths are different. During the diving process, the deformation of the silicone film sheet (1331) can be observed through the front window (130) or the camera shooting window (130) to record the gradual compression and deformation process as the depth increases. At the same time, the relationship between the depth and the degree of film deformation is continuously recorded. For example, the shape change, area change and other data of the film are recorded once every time the dive reaches a certain depth. S4: Buoyancy and pressure measurement stage, at different depths, the buoyancy of the silicone film (1331) is re-measured; because the silicone film (1331) is compressed and deformed, the volume V of the displaced liquid changes, and according to the Archimedean principle, the buoyancy will also change; at the same time, the water pressure on the film is calculated according to the liquid pressure formula; the data of buoyancy and water pressure at different depths are recorded, and a data table is established or the data is stored using data acquisition software for subsequent analysis; the relationship between the buoyancy change and the depth, the relationship between the film deformation degree and the water pressure, etc. can be analyzed; S5: During the ascent phase, the experimental box (2) is slowly lifted from the bottom of the water to the surface. During the ascent process, the recovery of the silicone film (1331) is also observed, and the process of the silicone film (1331) gradually recovering its shape as the depth decreases is recorded. The data is compared with the data during the descent process to verify the reversibility and other characteristics of the experiment. The buoyancy and water pressure of the film and the frame at different depths during the ascent process are measured to see whether they are consistent with the data of the corresponding depths during the descent process, so as to verify the accuracy of the experimental results. To observe the deformation of the film, you can use the side observation window (if the experiment is conducted in a water tank or other equipment) or underwater camera equipment to record the process of the film being gradually compressed and deformed as the depth increases; at the same time, continuously record the relationship between the depth and the degree of film deformation. For example, every time you dive to a certain depth (such as 0.1m), record the shape change, area change and other data of the film. S6: Data analysis and experimental summary stage, all data recorded during the experiment, including depth, film deformation, buoyancy, water pressure and other data, are sorted and analyzed; graphs can be drawn, such as depth-film deformation curve, depth-buoyancy change curve, depth-water pressure change curve, etc.; through the analysis of these data and graphs, the deformation law of the film under different water pressures and the law of buoyancy change with film deformation are summarized, so as to draw experimental conclusions, and can be compared with theoretical calculation results; such as calculating the deformation of the film under water pressure according to the theory of elastic mechanics, and calculating the buoyancy change according to Archimedes principle and volume change; to verify the correctness of the experiment and the applicability of the theory.

Images