Distribution manifold, fuel cell system and vehicle

Abstract

The invention discloses a distribution manifold, a fuel cell system and a vehicle, and solves the technical problem of large size of a distribution manifold in the prior art. The distribution manifold comprises a first adaptation module and a second adaptation module. Three distribution channels are arranged in each of the first adaptive module and the second adaptive module and are respectively used for an air in-and-out electric pile, a cooling liquid in-and-out electric pile and a hydrogen in-and-out electric pile; each distribution channel comprises a main flow channel and branch flow channels which are communicated with each other, the number of the branch flow channels is the same as that of the electric piles, and planes where at least two distribution channels in the three distribution channels are located intersect. According to the distribution manifold, two distribution channels are designed in the same plane or parallel planes, and the remaining distribution channel is perpendicular to or inclined to the plane, so that the extension length of the distribution manifold in all directions is more uniform, the overall structure is more compact, the purpose of saving space and cost is achieved, and the service life of the distribution manifold is prolonged. And meanwhile, the number of parts can be reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application belongs to the field of fuel cell technology, and specifically relates to a distribution manifold, a fuel cell system and a vehicle. Background Art

[0002] Fuel cell electric vehicles are considered to be one of the most important development technology routes for new energy vehicles due to their many advantages, including long driving range, easy refueling, and performance similar to traditional vehicles.

[0003] The stack is the place where electrochemical reactions occur and is also the core part of the fuel cell power system. It is composed of multiple single cells stacked in series. The bipolar plates and membrane electrodes are alternately stacked, and seals are embedded between the monomers. After being compressed by the air intake end plate and the blind end plate, they are fastened with fasteners to form a fuel cell stack. When the stack is working, hydrogen and oxygen are introduced from the inlet respectively, distributed to the bipolar plates of each single cell through the main gas channel of the stack, and evenly distributed to the membrane electrode through the bipolar plate guide, and the electrochemical reaction is carried out through the contact with the catalyst through the membrane electrode support. The number of single cells connected in series in a single stack is limited, because when stacking, once a certain number is exceeded, the following problems will occur: 1) Uneven gas distribution, resulting in insufficient utilization of the last few cells; 2) Inconsistency of single cells, resulting in excessive deviation of single cell voltage; 3) Uneven heat dissipation, resulting in overheating of the middle single cell.

[0004] To solve the above problems, fuel cells currently use a solution of integrating multiple stacks. That is, multiple stacks with smaller power are combined into a fuel cell with higher power. Existing multi-stack integrated fuel cells generally configure the stacks on both sides of the distribution manifold. This arrangement has the technical problem of unreasonable distribution manifold lines leading to a larger overall volume, which restricts the development and application of multi-stack integrated fuel cells. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present application provides a distribution manifold, a fuel cell system and a vehicle.

[0006] The technical solution adopted to achieve the purpose of the present application is that the present invention discloses a distribution manifold, which is applied to a fuel cell system including multiple fuel cell stacks and is connected to the air intake end plate of the fuel cell stack, including a first adapter module and a second adapter module; three distribution channels are arranged in the first adapter module and the second adapter module; each of the distribution channels includes a connected main channel and branch channels with the same number as the fuel cell stack, and the planes where at least two of the three distribution channels are located intersect.

[0007] In some embodiments, it includes a mounting plate, a first piping unit and a second piping unit, the mounting plate includes a first adaptation area and a second adaptation area, the first piping unit is connected with the first adaptation area to form the first adaptation module, and the second piping unit is connected with the second adaptation area to form the second adaptation module.

[0008] In some embodiments, the branch channels of two of the three distribution channels are arranged in the first adapting area or the second adapting area, and the main channel is arranged in the first pipeline unit or the second pipeline unit; the other distribution channel is arranged in the corresponding first pipeline unit or the second pipeline unit;

[0009] The first adaptation area and the second adaptation area are both provided with communication ports having a number equal to that of the battery stack, and each of the communication ports is respectively connected to the distribution channel located in the first pipeline unit and the second pipeline unit.

[0010] In some embodiments, the main flow channel located in the first pipeline unit or the second pipeline unit is communicated with a middle position of the branch flow channel located on the mounting plate.

[0011] In some embodiments, the distribution channels located in different planes have different shapes.

[0012] In some embodiments, the branch channels of two of the distribution channels are located in the same plane, and both of the branch channels are C-shaped, and the plane where the other distribution channel is located is perpendicular to the plane, and the distribution channel is F-shaped.

[0013] In some embodiments, the first adapter module and the second adapter module are respectively provided with at least one of a sensor, a valve, and a filter.

[0014] To achieve the purpose of this application, the present invention also discloses a fuel cell system, comprising more than two fuel cell stacks and the distribution manifold as described above, wherein the more than two fuel cell stacks are stacked along the short side of the intake end plate, the intake end plates of each fuel cell stack are located on the same side, and the distribution manifold is connected to each intake end plate.

[0015] In some embodiments, support bars are provided between adjacent battery stacks, and the support bars are detachably matched with the battery stacks.

[0016] In some embodiments, a shell is further included, wherein an opening is provided at one end of the shell facing the air intake end plate, the distribution manifold is provided at the opening to close an inner cavity of the shell, and the fuel cell stack is located in the inner cavity.

[0017] To achieve the purpose of the present application, the present invention further discloses a vehicle, comprising a vehicle body and the fuel cell system as described above, wherein the fuel cell system is installed on the vehicle body.

[0018] It can be seen from the above technical solution that the distribution manifold disclosed in the present application includes a first adapter module and a second adapter module; three distribution channels are arranged in the first adapter module and the second adapter module, which are respectively used for air to enter and exit the fuel cell stack, coolant to enter and exit the fuel cell stack, and hydrogen to enter and exit the fuel cell stack; each distribution channel includes a connected main channel and branch channels with the same number as the fuel cell stack, and the planes where at least two of the three distribution channels are located intersect.

[0019] Through the above embodiments, the present application has the following beneficial effects or advantages: the present application designs two of the distribution channels in the same plane or in planes parallel to each other, and the remaining distribution channel is arranged perpendicular or inclined to the plane, so that the overall extension length of the distribution manifold in all directions is more uniform, and the overall structure is more compact, thereby achieving the purpose of saving space and cost, and at the same time reducing the number of parts. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a distribution manifold in an embodiment of the present application;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the position and installation of various components in the distribution manifold in the embodiment of the present application;

[0022] Figure 3 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a distribution manifold at a hydrogen path in an embodiment of the present application;

[0023] Figure 4 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the distribution manifold at the air path in an embodiment of the present application;

[0024] Figure 5 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a distribution manifold at a cooling liquid path in an embodiment of the present application;

[0025] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of a mounting plate in an embodiment of the present application;

[0026] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the other side of the mounting plate after being flipped 180 degrees in the embodiment of the present application;

[0027] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of a first fuel cell system in an embodiment of the present application;

[0028] Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of a second fuel cell system in an embodiment of the present application;

[0029] Fig.10A schematic diagram of the installation of a fuel cell stack in a fuel cell system in an embodiment of the present application;

[0030] Fig.11 A schematic diagram of a fuel cell stack installation of a fuel cell system in an embodiment of the present application from another perspective;

[0031] Description of reference numerals:

[0032] 1000-fuel cell system, 100-distribution manifold, 200-cell stack, 300-housing, 400-support bar;

[0033] 110-mounting plate, 110a-first end plate, 110b-second end plate, 111-hydrogen inlet, 112-coolant inlet, 113-air outlet, 114-air inlet, 115-coolant outlet, 116-hydrogen outlet, 120-first pipeline unit, 121-hydrogen inlet proportional valve, 122-hydrogen inlet solenoid valve, 123-particle filter, 124-water temperature and pressure integrated sensor, 125-air temperature and pressure integrated sensor, 130-second pipeline unit , 131-hydrogen circuit temperature and pressure integrated sensor, 132-air inlet shut-off valve, 133-water circuit temperature and pressure integrated sensor, 140-first adapter module, 150-second adapter module, 160-distribution channel, 161-main channel, 1611-hydrogen inflow channel, 1612-hydrogen outflow channel, 1613-coolant inflow channel, 1614-coolant outflow channel, 1615-air inflow channel, 1616-air outflow channel, 162-dividing channel;

[0034] 310-upper shell, 320-lower shell. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] In order to make the technical personnel in the technical field to which the present application belongs to understand the present application more clearly, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in the field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0036] In addition, the present application may repeat reference numbers and / or reference letters in different examples, and such repetition is for the purpose of simplicity and clarity, and does not in itself indicate the relationship between the various embodiments and / or settings discussed. In addition, the present application provides various specific examples of processes and materials, but those of ordinary skill in the art may recognize the application of other processes and / or the use of other materials.

[0037] For ease of understanding, the specific meanings of the concepts such as "inlet end", "blind end", and "stacking direction" in this application are explained as follows: In a certain fuel cell, the end close to the reaction medium input end is defined as the inlet end, and the end far from the reaction medium input end is defined as the blind end. Correspondingly, the end plate of the stack located at the inlet end is defined as the inlet end plate, and the end plate located at the blind end is defined as the blind end end plate. In a conventional stack, the end plate at the inlet end, the insulating plate at the inlet end, the current collecting plate at the inlet end, the core, the current collecting plate at the blind end, the insulating plate at the blind end, and the end plate at the blind end are stacked in sequence. The stacking direction of the various components of the stack is defined as the stacking direction, also known as the X direction; the long side direction of the inlet end plate / bipolar plate of the stack is the Y direction; the short side direction of the inlet end plate / bipolar plate of the stack is the Z direction. When the fuel cell is installed on the vehicle, it is usually installed with the large surface (the side with the largest area of ​​the fuel cell, the side extending in the long side direction and the stacking direction) facing downward. In the installation posture, the lower surface of the fuel cell is the "bottom surface", and the corresponding direction is the "bottom end"; the upper surface is the "top surface", and the corresponding direction is the "top end". For the convenience of description, the following embodiments use the abbreviations of the respective definitions.

[0038] The embodiments of the present invention disclose a distribution manifold, a fuel cell system and a vehicle, which can solve the technical problem of large volume during the integration of the fuel cell stack, thereby improving the compactness of the fuel cell stack integration and reducing space occupancy.

[0039] The technical solution of the present application is described in detail below through specific embodiments:

[0040] See also Figure 1 and Figure 2 In the first aspect of the present application, a distribution manifold 100 is provided. The distribution manifold 100 is applied to a fuel cell system 1000 including a plurality of fuel cells 200 and is connected to the air intake end plate of the fuel cell stack 200. The distribution manifold 100 includes two module units, a first adapter module 140 and a second adapter module 150. The first adapter module 140 and the second adapter module 150 are respectively connected to the two ends of the air intake end plate of the fuel cell stack 200, that is, the first adapter module 140 is connected to the fluid port at one end of the air intake end plate of the fuel cell stack 200, and the second adapter module 150 is connected to the fluid port at the other end of the air intake end plate of the fuel cell stack 200. Three distribution channels 160 are provided in the first adapter module 140 and the second adapter module 150. The distribution channels 160 are used for air to enter and exit the fuel cell stack 200, coolant to enter and exit the fuel cell stack 200, and hydrogen to enter and exit the fuel cell stack 200.

[0041] The first adapter module 140 and the second adapter module 150 can be two completely independent modules, or they can be connected as a whole. For example, the first adapter module 140 and the second adapter module 150 can be provided with a separate first end plate and a second end plate, respectively, so that the first adapter module 140 and the second adapter module 150 can be installed at both ends of the intake end plate of the fuel cell stack 200; or the first pipeline unit 120 and the second pipeline unit 130 can be simultaneously provided on the same mounting plate 110 to form the above-mentioned first adapter module 140 and the second adapter module 150, respectively, in which case the first adapter module 140 and the second adapter module 150 can be simultaneously connected to both ends of the intake end plate of the fuel cell stack 200 through the mounting plate 110.

[0042] The first adapter module 140 and the second adapter module 150 are both provided with three distribution channels 160, which are respectively an air circulation channel, a coolant circulation channel and a hydrogen circulation channel. Each distribution channel 160 includes a connected main channel 161 and a branch channel 162 with the same number as the battery stack 200, and each branch channel 162 is located in the same plane, and the planes where at least two of the three distribution channels 160 are located intersect. In one embodiment, two battery stacks 200 are set as an example for description.

[0043] The existing distribution manifold 100 generally designs all three distribution channels 160 in the same plane, or makes the planes where the three distribution channels 160 are located parallel to each other, which results in the distribution manifold 100 extending a large distance in one or two directions. The present application designs two of the distribution channels 160 in the same plane or in planes parallel to each other, and then makes the other distribution channel 160 perpendicular to or inclined to the plane, so that the overall extension length of the distribution manifold 100 in all directions is more uniform, the overall structure is more compact, and the purpose of saving space and cost is achieved, while also reducing the number of parts.

[0044] In one embodiment, the shapes of the distribution channels 160 located in the same plane may be the same, while the shapes of the distribution channels 160 located in different planes may be different.

[0045] It should be noted that in one embodiment, the difference includes that the shapes of the main channels 161 between the distribution channels 160 are different, or the shapes of the branch channels 162 between the distribution channels 160 are different, or the shapes of both the main channels 161 and the branch channels 162 between the distribution channels 160 are different.

[0046] For example, the branch channels 162 of two of the three distribution channels 160 can be located in the same plane, while the plane where the branch channel 162 of the other distribution channel 160 is located is inclined or perpendicular to the plane. In this way, the distribution channels 160 can be expanded to different directions for arrangement, so that the distribution channels 160 will not be particularly protruding in each direction.

[0047] The shapes of the diverter channels 162 of two distribution channels 160 located in the same plane can be set to be the same, while the diverter channel 162 of another distribution channel 160 has more options for its shape due to its different directions based on the principle of compactness. It can be set to be different from the shape of the diverter channels 162 of the first two distribution channels 160 to make the distribution air pipe more compact.

[0048] See also Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 as well as Figure 6 In one embodiment, the shape of the shunt channel 162 of the two distribution channels 160 located in the same plane can be set to a C shape, wherein the C shape means that the shunt channel 162 has a vertical flow groove and two transverse flow grooves, the two transverse flow grooves are respectively located at the two ends of the vertical flow groove, and the transverse flow groove and the vertical flow groove are connected by a smooth curve so that the shape of the shunt channel 162 is similar to a C shape. The two shunt channels 162 are arranged opposite to each other so that the two shunt channels 162 protrude in the X direction toward the two sides of the inlet on the air intake plate of the battery stack 200. On the one hand, this can ensure that the length of the shunt channel 162 opened in one direction is small while the two battery stacks 200 are connected at the same time. On the other hand, the C-shaped shunt channel 162 is more conducive to the flow of fluid inside, so that the resistance encountered by the fluid during the flow is smaller, and the fluid can be delivered to each battery stack 200 more easily and quickly. When the branch channel 162 is set to be C-shaped, its corresponding main channel 161 can be connected to the middle position of the length of the branch channel 162 so that the outlet of the main channel 161 is at an equal distance from the two battery stacks 200, and the cross-sectional areas of the branch channel 162 on both sides of the main channel 161 are equal, that is, the branch channel 162 forms a vertically symmetrical structure along the main channel 161, so that the fluid is more uniform when entering the two battery stacks 200 along the distribution channel 160, thereby improving the consistency of the integration of the battery stack 200.

[0049] For another distribution channel 160, after the two shunt channels 162 are arranged in parallel, the protruding direction of the shunt channel 162 is different from the protruding direction of the above two shunt channels 162. At this time, it can be considered to make the main channel 161 communicate with the two shunt channels 162 along a straight line at the same time. When arranging the above two shunt channels 162 located in the same plane, since they are respectively located on both sides of the air inlet on the air inlet end plate of the fuel cell stack 200, when setting a separate distribution channel 160, the inlet of its main channel 161 needs to be set above or below the C-shaped shunt channel 162 in the Z direction, resulting in the shape of the separate channel after molding to be F-shaped. In this way, after the fluid input component is arranged, it will not increase the length of the distribution manifold 100 in the Y direction, nor will it increase the length of the distribution manifold 100 in the Z direction, thereby making the overall volume of the distribution manifold 100 smaller.

[0050] The independently arranged distribution channel 160 and the branch channels 162 of the two distribution channels 160 in the same plane may be arranged vertically or inclined to each other. In one embodiment, it may be considered that the independently arranged distribution channel 160 and the branch channels 162 of the two distribution channels 160 in the same plane are arranged vertically, which is more convenient during zero-price processing and assembly.

[0051] Of course, setting the shape of the shunt channels 162 of the two distribution channels 160 located in the same plane to be C-shaped, and setting the independently set distribution channel 160 to be F-shaped is only one implementation in one embodiment. In other implementations, it is also possible to set the shunt channels 162 of the distribution channels 160 located in the same plane to be V-shaped, and set the independently set distribution channel 160 to be Y-shaped, etc. In one embodiment, the different shapes of the distribution channels 160 located in different planes include different shapes of the shunt channels 162, different shapes of the main channels 161, and different shapes after the shunt channels 162 and the main channels 161 are combined.

[0052] In one embodiment, not all distribution channels in the first adapter module 140 are channels for fluid medium input, and not all distribution channels in the second adapter module 150 are channels for fluid medium output. In order to improve the reaction efficiency of hydrogen and oxygen, the input direction of hydrogen can be opposite to the input direction of air, that is, the air and hydrogen can be cross-convection. Therefore, at least one channel on the first adapter module 140 is an output channel, and correspondingly, the second adapter module 150 also has at least one input channel, and the number of output channels on the first adapter module 140 is equal to the number of input channels on the second adapter module 150.

[0053] In some embodiments, the first pipeline unit 120 further includes at least one of a sensor, a valve, and a filter, and the rest are disposed in the second pipeline unit 130 .

[0054] If the coolant flows in from the first adapter module 140, a distribution channel 160 in the first pipe unit 120 is a coolant inflow channel 1613, and a corresponding distribution channel 160 in the second pipe unit 130 is a coolant outflow channel 1614. The inlet of the distribution channel 160 of the first pipe unit 120 is connected to the system coolant inlet, and a particle filter 123 can be set at the inlet position to filter large particles, such as Figure 2 and Figure 7 As shown. A water channel temperature and pressure integrated sensor 124 is added to the corresponding distribution channel in the second pipeline unit 130 to monitor the temperature and pressure of the coolant in real time. In addition, an air hole can be provided at the outlet of the coolant, the air hole is provided upward along the Z direction, and the air hole extends to other positions higher than the first distribution channel 160, so that the gas in the coolant can be discharged from the air hole.

[0055] If hydrogen flows in from the first adapter module 140, a distribution channel 160 in the first pipeline unit 120 is a hydrogen inflow channel 1611, and a corresponding distribution channel 160 in the second pipeline unit 130 is a hydrogen outflow channel 1612. The inlet of the distribution channel 160 of the first pipeline unit 120 is used to communicate with the high-pressure hydrogen inlet pipe, and a hydrogen inlet solenoid valve 122 and a hydrogen inlet proportional valve 121 can be installed on the distribution channel 160 to adjust the hydrogen pressure, such as Figure 2 and Figure 7 A hydrogen path temperature and pressure integrated sensor 131 is added to the corresponding distribution flow channel in the second pipeline unit 130 to monitor the temperature and pressure of hydrogen in real time, and a gas-liquid separator is also provided on the corresponding distribution flow channel in the second pipeline unit 130 .

[0056] Based on the above configuration, the air inflow channel 1615 should be set in the second pipeline unit 130, that is, a distribution channel 160 in the second pipeline unit 130 is the air inflow channel 1615, and the corresponding distribution channel 160 on the first pipeline unit 120 is the air outflow channel 1616. An air inlet shut-off valve 132 is set at the inlet of the distribution channel 160 of the second pipeline unit 130, and a hydrogen inlet solenoid valve 122 and a hydrogen inlet proportional valve 121 can be installed on the distribution channel 160 to adjust the hydrogen pressure, such as Figure 2 and Figure 7 An air outflow cut-off valve is added to the corresponding distribution flow channel in the first pipeline unit 120, and an air temperature and pressure integrated sensor 125 is provided on the air passages of the first pipeline unit 120 and the second pipeline unit 130 to monitor the temperature and pressure of hydrogen in real time.

[0057] According to the arrangement of the relevant accessories on each distribution channel 160, in order to minimize the overall volume of the distribution manifold 100, one of the C-shaped distribution channels 160 can be an air channel, and the other C-shaped distribution channel 160 can be a coolant channel. The air channel and the coolant channel use a C-shaped distribution channel 160, which is symmetrical up and down. The corresponding main channel 161 is arranged on the center line of the C-shaped branch channel 162 to ensure that the air intake flow rate and water intake flow rate of the upper and lower stacks are uniform. This type of distribution channel design can control the uniformity between the two outlets within %. The F-shaped distribution channel 160 is a hydrogen channel. The F-shaped distribution channel 160 can take in air from the bottom of the F. The inside of the F-shaped distribution channel 160 is locally optimized to ensure that the hydrogen intake of the upper and lower stacks is uniform. The F-shaped distribution channel 160 can also control the uniformity of the two outlets within %.

[0058] See also Figure 1 and Fig. 9 In one embodiment, a distribution manifold 100 is disclosed, which includes a mounting plate 110, a first pipe unit 120, and a second pipe unit 130. The mounting plate 110 includes a first adapting area and a second adapting area, the first pipe unit 120 is connected to the first adapting area to form a first adapting module 140, and the second pipe unit 130 is connected to the second adapting area to form a second adapting module 150. Since the distribution manifold 100 has the first adapting module 140 and the second adapting module 150 integrated into the same mounting plate 110, when the distribution manifold 100 and the fuel cell stack 200 form a fuel cell system 1000, the mounting plate 110 can be used as a part of the housing 300 of the system, thereby making the installation easier.

[0059] At this time, the branch channels 162 of two of the three distribution channels 160 are arranged in the first adapting area or the second adapting area, and the main channel 161 is arranged in the first pipeline unit 120 or the second pipeline unit 130; the other distribution channel 160 is arranged in the corresponding first pipeline unit 120 or the second pipeline unit 130. That is, the first pipeline unit 120 and the second pipeline unit 130 are both connected to the mounting plate 110, and one of the distribution channels 160 in the first pipeline unit 120 and the second pipeline unit 130 can be arranged in the first pipeline unit 120, and the main channels 161 of the other two distribution channels 160 can also be arranged in the first pipeline unit 120, but the branch channels 162 thereof are arranged on the mounting plate 110. The second adapter module 150 may include a second end plate and a second pipeline unit 130.

[0060] The first adapting area and the second adapting area are both provided with communication ports having the same number as the fuel cell stack 200 , and each communication port is respectively connected to the distribution channel 160 located in the first pipeline unit 120 and the second pipeline unit 130 .

[0061] See also Figure 6 and Figure 7 , the mounting plate 110 includes a mounting surface for mounting the distribution manifold 100 and an assembly surface for mounting the fuel cell stack 200, which are arranged opposite to each other. The left and right sides of the mounting plate 110 are respectively set as the first adaptation area and the second adaptation area. The first adaptation area and the second adaptation area both include partitions arranged along the Z direction. The number of partitions is equal to the number of fuel cell stacks 200. An air port, a hydrogen port and a coolant port are respectively arranged in each partition. The air port, the hydrogen port and the coolant port in each zone are all connected to the same fuel cell stack 200. Specifically, the fluid ports on one side are, from top to bottom, hydrogen inlet 111, coolant inlet 112 and air outlet 113, and the fluid ports on the other side are, from top to bottom, air inlet 114, coolant outlet 115 and hydrogen outlet 116.

[0062] See also Figure 6 The two ends of one C-shaped branch channel 162 can be respectively connected to the air ports of different partitions, the two ends of the other C-shaped branch channel 162 can be respectively connected to the coolant ports of different partitions, and the two end outlet ends of the F-shaped distribution channel 160 can be respectively connected to the hydrogen ports of different partitions.

[0063] Among them, the main channel 161 located in the first pipeline unit 120 or the second pipeline unit 130 can be connected to the middle position of the branch channel 162 located on the mounting plate 110. At this time, the C-shaped distribution channel 160 is symmetrical up and down, and the corresponding main channel 161 is set on the center line of the C-shaped branch channel 162 to ensure that the air intake flow rate and water intake flow rate of the upper and lower stacks are uniform. The use of this type of distribution channel design can control the uniformity between the two outlets within %. The F-shaped distribution channel 160 is a hydrogen channel. The F-shaped distribution channel 160 can take in air from the bottom of the F. The inside of the F-shaped distribution channel 160 is locally optimized to ensure that the hydrogen intake of the upper and lower stacks is uniform. The use of the F-shaped distribution channel 160 can also control the uniformity of the two outlets within %.

[0064] In one embodiment, see Figure 8, the first adapter module 140 may include a first end plate 110a and a first pipeline unit 120. The first pipeline unit 120 is in communication with the first end plate 110a, wherein one distribution channel 160 may be arranged in the first pipeline unit 120, and the main channels 161 of the other two distribution channels 160 may also be arranged in the first pipeline unit 120, but the branch channels 162 thereof are arranged on the first end plate 110a. The second adapter module 150 may include a second end plate 110b and a second pipeline unit 130. The second pipeline unit 130 is in communication with the second end plate 110b, wherein one distribution channel 160 may be arranged in the second pipeline unit 130, and the main channels 161 of the other two distribution channels 160 may also be arranged in the second pipeline unit 130, but the branch channels 162 thereof are arranged on the second end plate 110b.

[0065] Based on the same inventive concept, the second embodiment of the present application discloses a fuel cell system 1000, see Fig. 9 and Fig.10 , which comprises a distribution manifold 100 of any embodiment of the first aspect and two or more fuel cell stacks 200. The two or more fuel cell stacks 200 are stacked along the short side of the intake end plate, and the intake end plates of each fuel cell stack 200 are located on the same side, and the distribution manifold 100 is connected to each intake end plate.

[0066] See also Fig.10 and Fig.11 In one embodiment, each stack 200 is arranged at intervals along the Z direction, and a support bar 400 is arranged between adjacent stacks 200, and the support bar 400 and the stack 200 are detachably matched. In one embodiment, the support bar 400 and the stack 200 can be connected by connecting members such as bolts or pins so that the support bar 400 forms a detachable fit between the intake end plate and the blind end plate of the stack 200, thereby facilitating the installation and removal of a single stack 200.

[0067] The air inlet end plates of the two fuel cells 200 are each provided with a fluid port, which is distributed on both sides of the air inlet end plate and is centrally symmetrically distributed. The fluid ports on one side are, from top to bottom, hydrogen inlet, coolant inlet and air outlet, and the fluid ports on the other side are, from top to bottom, air inlet, coolant outlet and hydrogen outlet. By arranging the air inlet and the hydrogen inlet at both ends of the air inlet end plate, convection is formed between air and hydrogen, thereby improving the self-humidification performance of the fuel cell 200. In addition, by arranging the air inlet at the top and the air outlet at the bottom, the hydrogen inlet at the top and the hydrogen outlet at the bottom, and adopting a top-in and bottom-out gas distribution method, the reaction efficiency is improved.

[0068] See also Figure 8 and Fig. 9The fuel cell system 1000 generally also includes a shell 300 for protecting the fuel cell stack 200. The shell 300 includes an upper shell 310 and a lower shell 320. The upper shell 310 and the lower shell 320 are detachably matched. The upper shell 310 and the lower shell 320 are assembled to form an inner cavity, and the fuel cell stack 200 is arranged in the inner cavity.

[0069] In one embodiment, based on the above-mentioned distribution manifold 100 having two forms, the fuel cell system 1000 also has two forms.

[0070] First, if the first pipe unit 120 and the second pipe unit 130 of the distribution manifold 100 use a common mounting plate 110, the mounting plate 110 can be a part of the housing 300. Fig. 9 At this time, the air intake end plate of each fuel cell stack 200 can be directly connected to the mounting plate 110 to connect the corresponding first pipeline unit 120 and the second pipeline unit 130. At this time, the outer shell 300 has an end wall vacant, and the outer shell 300 has an opening at the vacant position. The mounting plate 110 can be connected to the outer shell 300 as an end wall to close the opening of the outer shell 300, thereby closing the inner cavity of the outer shell 300. At this time, the fuel cell stack 200 is just enclosed in the inner cavity.

[0071] Second, see Figure 8 If the first adapter module 140 and the second adapter module 150 of the distribution manifold 100 are respectively provided with the first end plate 110a and the second end plate 110b, the housing 300 can be set to a fully enclosed state, and the air intake end plate of each fuel cell stack 200 can be directly connected to the housing 300. In this case, it is only necessary to make the first end plate 110a and the second end plate 110b respectively connected to the air intake end plate of each fuel cell stack 200 on the housing 300.

[0072] However, in another embodiment, the housing 300 may also have an opening, and the first end plate 110a and the second end plate 110b may be enlarged so that the first end plate 110a and the second end plate 110b can be spliced ​​to just seal the opening of the housing 300. In this case, the intake end plate of each fuel cell stack 200 may also be directly connected to the first end plate 110a and the second end plate 110b. Therefore, in one embodiment, the distribution manifold 100 can also seal the opening of the housing 300 so that the fuel cell stack 200 is located in the inner cavity of the housing 300.

[0073] Based on the same inventive concept, the third embodiment of the present application discloses a vehicle, which includes a vehicle body and a fuel cell system 1000 of any embodiment of the second aspect. Since the structure of the distribution manifold 100 in the fuel cell system 1000 is more compact, the fuel cell as a whole has a smaller volume, and when the fuel cell system 1000 is installed on the vehicle body, a suitable position can be found more quickly, and after the fuel cell is installed, more space can be vacated to install other components of the vehicle.

[0074] Although the preferred embodiments of the present application have been described, those skilled in the art may make other changes and modifications to these embodiments once they have learned the basic creative concept. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments and all changes and modifications that fall within the scope of the present application.

[0075] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the present application without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present application fall within the scope of the claims of the present application and their equivalents, the present application is also intended to include these modifications and variations.

[0076] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described above in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Generally, the components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the drawings herein can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0077] Therefore, the above detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the invention claimed for protection, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0078] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, further definition and explanation thereof is not required in subsequent drawings.

[0079] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms indicating orientation or positional relationship are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the wearable anti-thrombotic pressure pump detection system or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0080] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0081] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being above or below a second feature may include the first and second features being in direct contact, or may include the first and second features not being in direct contact but being in contact through another feature between them. Moreover, a first feature being above, above, and above a second feature includes the first feature being directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being below, below, and below a second feature includes the first feature being directly below and obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

Claims

1. A distribution manifold, applied to a fuel cell system comprising a plurality of fuel cell stacks, and connected to an intake end plate of the fuel cell stack, characterized in that: It comprises a first adapter module and a second adapter module; three distribution channels are arranged in the first adapter module and the second adapter module; each of the distribution channels comprises a connected main channel and branch channels which are the same in number as the battery stack, and the planes where at least two of the three distribution channels are located intersect.

2. The distribution manifold according to claim 1, characterized in that It includes a mounting plate, a first piping unit and a second piping unit, the mounting plate includes a first adapting area and a second adapting area, the first piping unit is connected with the first adapting area to form the first adapting module, and the second piping unit is connected with the second adapting area to form the second adapting module.

3. The distribution manifold according to claim 2, characterized in that The branch channels of two of the three distribution channels are arranged in the first adapting area or the second adapting area, and the main channels are arranged in the first pipeline unit or the second pipeline unit; the other distribution channel is arranged in the corresponding first pipeline unit or the second pipeline unit; The first adaptation area and the second adaptation area are both provided with communication ports having a number equal to that of the battery stack, and each of the communication ports is respectively connected to the distribution channel located in the first pipeline unit and the second pipeline unit.

4. The distribution manifold according to claim 3, characterized in that The main flow channel located in the first pipeline unit or the second pipeline unit is communicated with a middle position of the branch flow channel located on the mounting plate.

5. The distribution manifold according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that The distribution channels located in different planes have different shapes.

6. The distribution manifold according to claim 5, characterized in that The branch channels of two of the distribution channels are located in the same plane, and both of the branch channels are C-shaped. The plane where the other distribution channel is located is perpendicular to the plane, and the distribution channel is F-shaped.

7. The distribution manifold according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that The first adapter module and the second adapter module are respectively provided with at least one of a sensor, a valve, and a filter.

8. A fuel cell system, characterized in that: It comprises two or more battery stacks and a distribution manifold as described in any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the two or more battery stacks are stacked along the short side of the intake end plate, the intake end plates of each battery stack are located on the same side, and the distribution manifold is connected to each intake end plate.

9. The fuel cell system according to claim 8, characterized in that: Support bars are arranged between adjacent battery stacks, and the support bars are detachably matched with the battery stacks.

10. The fuel cell system according to claim 8, characterized in that: It also includes a shell, wherein an opening is provided at one end of the shell facing the air intake end plate, the distribution manifold is provided at the opening to close the inner cavity of the shell, and the battery stack is located in the inner cavity.

11. A vehicle, characterized in that: The invention comprises a vehicle body and a fuel cell system according to any one of claims 7 to 10, wherein the fuel cell system is installed on the vehicle body.

Images