Cascade utilization new energy battery with protection structure

Abstract

The invention discloses an echelon utilization new energy battery with a protection structure, and relates to the technical field of new energy batteries. Comprising a vent plate; the plurality of connecting frames are arranged on the ventilation plate; the top plate is fixedly connected to the upper sides of the connecting frames; the gas guide shell is arranged on the lower side of the top plate, the gas guide shell is fixedly connected and communicated with a gas guide pipe, and the gas guide pipe penetrates through the top plate and is fixedly connected with the top plate; the sliding plates are attached to one another and fixedly connected to the lower side of the gas guide shell. The number of the batteries is the same as that of the sliding plates, and the batteries are detachably connected to the ventilation plate. By adopting a mode of monitoring the battery in multiple directions, when one side of the battery is expanded due to conditions such as short circuit in the battery, the electric connection between the battery and the remaining batteries can be automatically disconnected, so that the remaining batteries are protected from being influenced, and meanwhile, the expanded battery is not used any more, so that the service life of the battery is prolonged. And safety accidents such as fire or explosion caused by continuous use of the device are avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of new energy batteries, and in particular to a cascade utilization new energy battery with a protection structure. Background Art

[0002] The second-life utilization of new energy batteries refers to the use of retired power batteries from high-performance electric vehicles and other application scenarios, after testing, screening, reorganization and other links, in scenarios with lower battery performance requirements. Although these batteries are no longer suitable for high-performance electric vehicles, they still have high economic value and practicality in low-requirement application scenarios.

[0003] Second-life new energy batteries can be used in low-performance, low-speed electric vehicles, which have relatively low requirements for battery energy density and cycle life. The use of second-life new energy batteries can significantly reduce the cost of these vehicles.

[0004] The battery pack used in existing low-speed electric vehicles is composed of multiple batteries, and the multiple batteries are closely spaced. When an unexpected situation occurs in one of the batteries, such as battery expansion caused by an internal short circuit, the batteries will be squeezed against each other, causing other batteries to deform or be damaged, thereby triggering a chain reaction. If the swollen battery continues to be used, the chemical reaction inside the battery will be intensified, causing a fire or explosion, and seriously threatening the vehicle and occupants. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the problems mentioned in the above background technology, the present invention provides a cascade utilization new energy battery with a protection structure.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention is: a cascade utilization new energy battery with a protection structure, comprising: Ventilation panels; A plurality of connecting frames are arranged on the ventilation plate; A top plate, fixedly connected to the upper sides of the plurality of connecting frames; An air guide shell is arranged on the lower side of the top plate, the air guide shell is fixedly connected to and communicated with an air guide pipe, and the air guide pipe passes through the top plate and is fixedly connected thereto; A plurality of sliding plates, which fit each other and are fixed to the lower side of the air guide housing; Batteries, the number of which is the same as that of the sliding plates, can be detachably connected to the ventilation plates, the batteries are in contact with and cooperate with the adjacent sliding plates, and the batteries are located between the ventilation plates and the adjacent sliding plates; Sliding members, the number of which is the same as that of the batteries, are arranged on adjacent batteries, the sliding members are fixedly connected with two power-on rings, and the two power-on rings are respectively electrically connected to two terminals on adjacent batteries; A trigger assembly, disposed between the top plate and the vent plate, for controlling the connection state of the battery; A cooling component is arranged on the ventilation plate and is used to reduce the temperature of all the batteries.

[0007] As an improvement of the above solution, the cooling component includes: A plurality of protective shells can be detachably connected to the ventilation plate and respectively contact and cooperate with the outer sides of adjacent batteries. The protective shells are fixedly connected with ventilation pipes distributed at intervals. The ventilation pipes pass through the adjacent sliding plates and are fixedly connected thereto. The ventilation pipes are fixedly connected to and communicated with the air guide shells.

[0008] As an improvement of the above solution, a filling piece is fixedly connected inside the protective shell, the ventilation pipe passes through the filling piece, and the filling piece is used to transfer the heat of the protective shell.

[0009] As an improvement of the above solution, the ventilation pipe is wavy in shape.

[0010] As an improvement of the above solution, the trigger component includes: Support members, the number of which is the same as the number of the batteries, fixedly connected to the adjacent sliding plates; Spring telescopic rods, the number of which is the same as that of the supporting members, and are fixedly connected to adjacent supporting members, and the telescopic ends of the spring telescopic rods are fixedly connected to adjacent sliding members; The locking components are the same in number as the supporting members and are arranged on the supporting members to lock the adjacent sliding members.

[0011] As an improvement of the above solution, the locking assembly includes: A fixing member, fixedly connected to the supporting member; A limiting member is slidably connected to the fixing member, the limiting member and the sliding member are limitedly matched, a first pull rope is fixedly connected in the fixing member, and the first pull rope is fixedly connected to the limiting member; The unlocking components are the same in number as the sliding plates and are arranged below the sliding plates.

[0012] As an improvement of the above solution, a pit is provided in the fixing member, and the limiting member is limitedly matched with the pit on the fixing member.

[0013] As an improvement of the above solution, the unlocking component includes: A sliding frame, slidably connected to all the ventilation pipes on the same sliding plate; The sliding frame is fixedly connected to the sliding frame and slidingly cooperates with the adjacent fixing member. The sliding frame is squeezed and cooperated with the adjacent first pull rope. A spring is arranged between the sliding frame and the adjacent fixing member. A second pull rope is fixedly connected to the ventilation pipe, and the second pull rope is fixedly connected to the sliding frame.

[0014] As an improvement of the above solution, the second pull rope is in contact with a side of the adjacent ventilation pipe close to the adjacent battery.

[0015] As an improvement of the above solution, the support member is made of a metal conductive material, the support member is in contact with and cooperates with the adjacent power-carrying rings, and the support member is used to maintain electrical connection between two adjacent power-carrying rings.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention adopts a multi-directional monitoring method for the battery, and when one side of the battery swells due to a short circuit or the like, the electrical connection between the battery and the remaining batteries can be automatically disconnected, thereby protecting the remaining batteries from being affected. At the same time, the swollen battery is no longer used, thereby preventing the occurrence of safety accidents such as fire or explosion caused by its continued use; When the battery begins to deform, the cooling effect of the battery is first enhanced to slow down the speed of the chemical reaction inside the battery. In this way, the heat accumulation inside the battery is reduced, thereby reducing the expansion of the battery. If the expansion of the battery is not reduced, the electrical connection of the battery is disconnected to reduce the probability of misjudgment. When a battery expands to its limit due to internal component damage or other reasons, the system will automatically disconnect the battery from the entire battery pack to prevent further damage. At the same time, the system will quickly connect the battery's line to an alternative circuit to ensure that the power supply of the entire battery pack is not interrupted. This design can not only protect the overall performance of the battery pack in an emergency, but also effectively extend the service life of the battery pack and improve the reliability and safety of the system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention; Figure 2 A bottom view of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a top view of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a three-dimensional structural cross-sectional view of the air guide housing of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the support member of the present invention; Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the sliding plate of the present invention; Figure 7 is a three-dimensional structural cross-sectional view of the protective shell of the present invention; Figure 8 is a three-dimensional structural cross-sectional view of the filling piece of the present invention; Fig. 9 It is a three-dimensional structural cross-sectional view of the support member of the present invention; Fig.10 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the distribution of the ventilation pipe and the second pull rope of the present invention.

[0018] Names of the numbers in the figure: 1, top plate, 10, air guide tube, 11, connecting frame, 12, ventilation plate, 13, air guide shell, 14, sliding plate, 15, battery, 40, protective shell, 41, ventilation tube, 42, filling member, 50, supporting member, 51, sliding member, 52, power ring, 53, spring telescopic rod, 60, fixing member, 61, limiting member, 62, first pull rope, 70, sliding frame, 71, sliding frame, 72, second pull rope. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The above scheme is further described below in conjunction with specific examples. It should be understood that these examples are used to illustrate the present application and are not limited to the scope of the present application. The implementation conditions adopted in the examples can be further adjusted according to the conditions of the specific manufacturer, and the implementation conditions not specified are usually the conditions in conventional experiments.

[0020] In order to solve the problem that one of the batteries in the battery pack used in the existing low-speed electric vehicles expands due to internal short circuit, and finally causes fire or explosion, the present invention adopts a method of multi-directional monitoring of the battery. When one side of the battery expands due to short circuit or other conditions inside the battery, the electrical connection between this battery and the remaining batteries is disconnected, the remaining batteries are protected, and this battery is no longer used, so as to avoid the battery being used after swelling, which may cause a safety accident of fire or explosion.

[0021] Example 1: A new energy battery with a protective structure for cascade utilization, please refer to Figure 1-Figure 7, including a vent plate 12; a plurality of connecting frames 11, all of which are arranged on the vent plate 12; a top plate 1, fixedly connected to the upper sides of the plurality of connecting frames 11; an air guide shell 13, arranged on the lower side of the top plate 1, the air guide shell 13 is fixedly connected and communicated with an air guide pipe 10, the air guide pipe 10 passes through the top plate 1 and is fixedly connected thereto; a plurality of sliding plates 14, which fit each other and are all fixedly connected to the lower side of the air guide shell 13; batteries 15, which are the same in number as the sliding plates 14, can be detachably connected to the vent plate 12, the batteries 15 are in contact with and cooperate with adjacent sliding plates 14, the batteries 15 are located between the vent plate 12 and the adjacent sliding plates 14, sliding members 51, which are the same in number as the batteries 15, are arranged on adjacent batteries 15, the sliding members 51 are fixedly connected to two power-on rings 52, and the two power-on rings 52 are divided into The top plate 1 and the vent plate 12 are electrically connected to the two terminals on the adjacent battery 15 respectively; a trigger component is arranged between the top plate 1 and the vent plate 12, and is used to control the connection state of the battery 15; a cooling component is arranged on the vent plate 12, and is used to reduce the temperature of all the batteries 15, and the cooling component includes: a plurality of protective shells 40, which are all detachably connected to the vent plate 12, and are respectively in contact with the outer sides of the adjacent batteries 15; the protective shell 40 is fixedly connected with the vent pipes 41 distributed at intervals, and the vent pipes 41 are wavy, and the vent pipes 41 pass through the adjacent sliding plate 14 and are fixed thereto, and the vent pipes 41 are fixedly connected to the air guide shell 13 and are in communication; a filling piece 42 is fixedly connected to the inside of the protective shell 40, and the vent pipe 41 passes through the filling piece 42, and the filling piece 42 is used to transfer the heat of the protective shell 40.

[0022] In the above scheme, the air guide tube 10 is used to transport gas into the air guide shell 13. There are four connecting frames 11 in the present invention, and the four connecting frames 11 correspond to the four corners of the top plate 1 respectively. There are four sliding plates 14 in the present invention, and there are also four batteries 15 in the present invention. The staff can adjust the number of batteries 15 according to actual conditions. The upper side of the battery 15 is in contact with the adjacent sliding plate 14. According to actual conditions, the protective shell 40 can be made of elastic alloy. During use, the upper side of the protective shell 40 can be blocked with a blocking plate. The number of protective shells 40 is four times the number of batteries 15. The facing sides of the four adjacent protective shells 40 of the battery 15 are respectively fitted with the front, back, left and right sides of the battery 15. The ventilation pipe 41 is a flexible metal The vent pipe 41 is a hose for transferring cold. The longitudinal symmetric plane of the vent pipe 41 is perpendicular to the adjacent side of the adjacent battery 15. The thermally conductive silicone pad not only has the effect of transferring heat, but also has elasticity. When the battery 15 expands on the side due to an internal short circuit or electrolyte leakage, the expanded side of the battery 15 squeezes the adjacent vent pipe 41 through the protective shell 40 and the filler 42, so that the vent pipe 41 becomes flat, thereby increasing the flow rate of the gas flowing through the vent pipe 41 and slowing down the speed of the chemical reaction in the battery 15. When the battery 15 continues to expand, the sliding member 51 drives the two adjacent power-on rings 52 to move upward, so that the power-on rings 52 are no longer electrically connected to the adjacent terminals on the battery 15, thereby realizing power-off of the battery 15 to protect the remaining batteries.

[0023] Please refer to Figure 5 and Figure 7-Figure 9 The trigger assembly includes: support members 50, which are the same in number as the batteries 15 and are fixedly connected to the adjacent sliding plates 14; spring telescopic rods 53, which are the same in number as the support members 50 and are fixedly connected to the adjacent support members 50, and the telescopic ends of the spring telescopic rods 53 are fixedly connected to the adjacent sliding members 51; and locking assemblies, which are the same in number as the support members 50 and are arranged on the support members 50, for locking the adjacent sliding members 51.

[0024] In the above scheme, the support member 50 is located above the terminal of the battery 15, the sliding member 51 is made of non-conductive material, the power-on ring 52 is made of metal, the power-on ring 52 is electrically connected to the terminal of the battery 15, and two silicone blocks are fixedly connected to the lower side of the support member 50, which are respectively in contact with the adjacent terminals on the battery 15. The lower side of the support member 50 is provided with two annular inclined surfaces for guiding the adjacent power-on rings 52. The spring telescopic rod 53 is initially in a stretched state. The power-on ring 52 on the left side of the left front battery 15 is electrically connected to the power-on ring 52 on the left side of the left rear battery 15 through a connecting line, and the power-on ring 52 on the right side of the left front battery 15 is connected to the power-on ring 52 on the right front battery 15 through a connecting line. The power-on ring 52 on the left side of the side battery 15 is electrically connected, the power-on ring 52 on the right side of the left rear battery 15 is electrically connected to the power-on ring 52 on the left side of the right rear battery 15 through a connecting line, and the power-on rings 52 on the right sides of the front and rear batteries 15 on the right side are electrically connected to the low-speed electric vehicle through a connecting line. The above-mentioned power connection method is series connection. This power connection method is only for example. When one of the batteries 15 has an unexpected situation and cannot supply power, the spring telescopic rod 53 drives the sliding part 51 and the two power-on rings 52 to move upward, disconnecting the electrical connection between the two power-on rings 52 and the two terminals on the battery 15, thereby achieving the effect of automatically cutting off the power of the battery 15 in the event of an unexpected situation.

[0025] Please refer to Figure 8 and Fig. 9 The locking assembly includes: a fixing member 60, which is fixed to the supporting member 50; a limiting member 61, which is slidably connected to the fixing member 60, the limiting member 61 and the sliding member 51 are limited in position, a first pull rope 62 is fixed in the fixing member 60, and the first pull rope 62 is fixed to the limiting member 61; an unlocking assembly, the number of which is the same as that of the sliding plate 14, and is arranged below the sliding plate 14; a pit is arranged in the fixing member 60, and the limiting member 61 and the pit on the fixing member 60 are limited in position.

[0026] In the above scheme, the fixing member 60 is welded by an L-shaped frame and a fixing tube, the limiting member 61 is bonded by a limiting column and a silicone ball, the first pull rope 62 is used to drive the limiting member 61 to reset and move, and the silicone ball in the limiting member 61 and the concave pit on the fixing member 60 are matched to limit the limiting member 61 to prevent the limiting member 61 from moving at will, causing the limiting member 61 to release the limit on the adjacent sliding member 51.

[0027] Please refer to Figure 8-Figure 10 The unlocking assembly includes: a sliding frame 70, which is slidably connected to all the ventilation pipes 41 on the same sliding plate 14; a sliding frame 71, which is fixed to the sliding frame 70 and slidingly cooperates with the adjacent fixing member 60, the sliding frame 71 is squeezed and cooperated with the adjacent first pull rope 62, a spring is provided between the sliding frame 71 and the adjacent fixing member 60, a second pull rope 72 is fixedly connected in the ventilation pipe 41, the second pull rope 72 is fixedly connected to the sliding frame 70, and the second pull rope 72 is in contact with a side of the adjacent ventilation pipe 41 close to the adjacent battery 15.

[0028] In the above scheme, the sliding frame 70 is a rectangular frame, and a flexible shielding touch (not shown in the figure) fixed to the ventilation pipe 41 is fixed to the sliding frame 70 near the adjacent ventilation pipe 41. When the sliding frame 71 squeezes the first pull rope 62 until the limiting member 61 completely slides out of the adjacent sliding member 51, the limiting of the sliding member 51 is released, and the lower side of the second pull rope 72 is fixed to the adjacent ventilation pipe 41 through the fixing column.

[0029] Working principle: Before using the device to supply power to a low-speed electric car, the staff first connects the ventilation device to the air duct 10, and then the staff installs the top plate 1 on the bottom of the low-speed electric car.

[0030] After the installation of the top plate 1 is completed, the lower side of the ventilation plate 12 is located at the same horizontal line as the chassis of the low-speed electric car. When the low-speed electric car needs to cool all the batteries 15 during driving, the ventilation equipment sends the gas into the air duct 10, and the air duct 10 sends the gas into the air duct shell 13. The air duct shell 13 sends the gas into all the ventilation pipes 41 and flows out from the lower side of the ventilation pipe 41. During the flow of the gas in the ventilation pipe 41, the temperature is transferred to the adjacent filling piece 42 and the protective shell 40, and the protective shell 40 cools the battery 15, thereby solving the problem of heat generation of the battery 15 during use.

[0031] In the process of cooling the battery 15 , the gas flows from top to bottom to cool the battery 15 in a wrapped manner, and the contact time between the gas and the ventilation pipe 41 is increased due to the wave shape of the ventilation pipe 41 , thereby enhancing the cooling efficiency of the ventilation pipe 41 .

[0032] When the outer shell of the battery 15 expands due to damage to internal components (electrolyte leakage, internal short circuit, etc. will cause the outer shell of the battery 15 to expand), the expanded side of the battery 15 squeezes the adjacent protective shell 40 and causes it to sink inward. During the process of the protective shell 40 sinking, the adjacent filling member 42 squeezes the vent tube 41, causing the vent tube 41 to deform and change the gas flow area in the vent tube 41, so that the cross-section in the vent tube 41 changes from a circle to an ellipse, increasing the flow rate of the gas in the vent tube 41 and enhancing the cooling effect on the battery 15, thereby slowing down the speed of the chemical reaction in the battery 15. In this way, the accumulation of heat in the battery 15 is reduced and the expansion rate of the battery 15 is reduced.

[0033] When the expansion degree of the battery 15 is greater than the degree mentioned above, the battery 15 continues to squeeze the ventilation tube 41 on the same side through the protective shell 40 and the adjacent filling piece 42. The ventilation tube 41 squeezes the adjacent second pull rope 72 during the contraction process, so that the second pull rope 72 pulls the adjacent sliding frame 70 downward. During the downward movement of the sliding frame 70, the adjacent sliding frame 71 is driven to squeeze the adjacent first pull rope 62 (the sliding frame 70 squeezes the adjacent spring during the downward movement), so that the first pull rope 62 contracts and drives the adjacent limiting member 61 to slide to the side away from the adjacent battery 15.

[0034] When the silicone ball in the limiting member 61 slides out of the recess in the fixing member 60, the limiting member 61 no longer limits the adjacent sliding member 51, so that the spring telescopic rod 53 drives the two power-carrying rings 52 to move upward through the sliding member 51 by its own elastic force. After the two power-carrying rings 52 move to the point where they are no longer in contact with the terminal of the adjacent battery 15, the electrical connection of the battery 15 is disconnected to achieve circuit breaking of the battery 15, thereby preventing the battery 15 from continuing to expand and causing a safety accident of fire or explosion of the battery 15.

[0035] When it is necessary to repair and replace the battery 15 that has an unexpected situation, the staff will remove the top plate 1 and all the connecting frames 11, and then remove the vent plate 12 and all the batteries 15. After the battery 15 is removed, it will no longer contact the adjacent protective shell 40. The protective shell 40 squeezed by the swollen battery 15 will then reset and move, and the filling member 42 and the vent pipe 41 will then reset and no longer squeeze the second pull rope 72. At this time, the spring adjacent to the sliding frame 71 drives it and the adjacent sliding frame 70 to reset and move, so that the sliding frame 71 is no longer squeezed on the first pull rope 62, and then the staff will squeeze the sliding member 51 downward to move the sliding member 51 to a height where the limiting member 61 can be inserted into the sliding member 51 (the telescopic portion of the adjacent spring telescopic rod 53 is stretched during the movement of the sliding member 51). Then the staff will insert the limiting member 61 into the sliding member 51 to reset the sliding member 51, and then the staff will reassemble the device and replace the new battery 15, and then reconnect the two power-on rings 52 to the terminals on the battery 15.

[0036] The battery pack used in the existing low-speed electric vehicle is composed of multiple batteries, and the multiple batteries are connected in series (the present invention takes the case of batteries connected in series as an example). When one of the batteries cannot be used due to expansion and short circuit, the entire power of the low-speed electric vehicle will fail, which will cause the low-speed electric vehicle to be unable to drive normally; The present invention adopts a method of real-time monitoring of the battery shell. When the battery expands to the limit position, the connection between the battery and the entire battery pack is disconnected, and the circuit of the battery is reconnected, so that when a battery is damaged, the electrical connection can be urgently disconnected while the power supply of the entire battery pack can be maintained.

[0037] In the first embodiment, the support member 50 is used as a platform to support the spring telescopic rod 53, but in the second embodiment, the support member 50 is made of a metal conductive material.

[0038] Example 2: Based on Example 1, please refer to Figure 8 and Fig. 9 The support member 50 is made of a metal conductive material. The support member 50 contacts and cooperates with the adjacent power-carrying ring 52 . The support member 50 is used to maintain electrical connection between the two adjacent power-carrying rings 52 .

[0039] In the above scheme, the support member 50 is made of metal and is used for emergency conduction. When one of the batteries 15 encounters an unexpected situation and cannot supply power, the spring telescopic rod 53 drives the sliding member 51 and the two power-on rings 52 to move upward, so that the two power-on rings 52 maintain electrical connection with the adjacent support member 50, thereby achieving the effect of continuous power supply.

[0040] Working principle: After the battery 15 expands enough to release the limit on the sliding member 51, the sliding member 51 drives the two power-carrying rings 52 to move to contact the adjacent support member 50 under the elastic force of the adjacent spring telescopic rod 53, so that a passage is formed between the two power-carrying rings 52 and the adjacent support member 50, thereby realizing emergency switching of the circuit, so that the entire power system can still provide power to the low-speed electric vehicle.

[0041] The above description is only a specific implementation mode of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A cascade utilization new energy battery with a protective structure, characterized in that: include: Ventilation plate (12); A plurality of connecting frames (11), all arranged on the ventilation plate (12); A top plate (1) fixedly connected to the upper sides of the plurality of connecting frames (11); An air guide shell (13) is arranged on the lower side of the top plate (1), the air guide shell (13) is fixedly connected to and communicates with an air guide pipe (10), and the air guide pipe (10) passes through the top plate (1) and is fixedly connected thereto; A plurality of sliding plates (14) are fitted together and fixed to the lower side of the air guide housing (13); The number of batteries (15) is the same as that of the sliding plates (14), and both batteries (15) are detachably connected to the ventilation plate (12). The batteries (15) are in contact with and cooperate with the adjacent sliding plates (14). The batteries (15) are located between the ventilation plate (12) and the adjacent sliding plates (14); Sliding members (51), the number of which is the same as that of the batteries (15), are arranged on adjacent batteries (15), the sliding members (51) are fixedly connected to two power-carrying rings (52), and the two power-carrying rings (52) are respectively electrically connected to two terminals on adjacent batteries (15); a trigger assembly, arranged between the top plate (1) and the ventilation plate (12), and used for controlling the connection state of the battery (15); A cooling component is arranged on the ventilation plate (12) and is used to reduce the temperature of all the batteries (15).

2. The cascade utilization new energy battery with a protective structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cooling component comprises: A plurality of protective shells (40) are detachably connected to the ventilation plate (12) and are respectively in contact with the outer sides of adjacent batteries (15). The protective shells (40) are fixedly connected with ventilation pipes (41) distributed at intervals. The ventilation pipes (41) penetrate the adjacent sliding plates (14) and are fixedly connected thereto. The ventilation pipes (41) are fixedly connected to and communicate with the air guide shell (13).

3. The cascade utilization new energy battery with a protective structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: A filling piece (42) is fixedly connected inside the protective shell (40), the ventilation pipe (41) passes through the filling piece (42), and the filling piece (42) is used to transfer heat of the protective shell (40).

4. The cascade utilization new energy battery with a protective structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The ventilation pipe (41) is wavy in shape.

5. The cascade utilization new energy battery with a protective structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The trigger component comprises: Support members (50), the number of which is the same as the number of the batteries (15), and are fixedly connected to adjacent sliding plates (14); The spring telescopic rods (53) are the same in number as the supporting members (50) and are fixedly connected to adjacent supporting members (50); the telescopic ends of the spring telescopic rods (53) are fixedly connected to adjacent sliding members (51); The locking components are the same in number as the supporting members (50) and are arranged on the supporting members (50) and are used to lock the adjacent sliding members (51).

6. The cascade utilization new energy battery with a protective structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The locking assembly comprises: A fixing member (60) fixedly connected to the supporting member (50); a limiting member (61) slidably connected to the fixing member (60), the limiting member (61) and the sliding member (51) being in limiting cooperation, a first pull rope (62) being fixedly connected inside the fixing member (60), and the first pull rope (62) being fixedly connected to the limiting member (61); The unlocking components are the same in number as the sliding plate (14) and are arranged below the sliding plate (14).

7. The cascade utilization new energy battery with a protective structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: A recess is provided in the fixing member (60), and the limiting member (61) is in position-limiting cooperation with the recess on the fixing member (60).

8. The second-generation new energy battery with a protective structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: The unlocking component comprises: A sliding frame (70) slidably connected to all the ventilation pipes (41) on the same sliding plate (14); The sliding frame (71) is fixedly connected to the sliding frame (70) and is slidably matched with the adjacent fixing member (60). The sliding frame (71) is squeezed and matched with the adjacent first pull rope (62). A spring is provided between the sliding frame (71) and the adjacent fixing member (60). A second pull rope (72) is fixedly connected to the ventilation pipe (41), and the second pull rope (72) is fixedly connected to the sliding frame (70).

9. The cascade utilization new energy battery with a protective structure according to claim 8, characterized in that: The second pull rope (72) is in contact with a side of the adjacent ventilation pipe (41) close to the adjacent battery (15).

10. The cascade utilization new energy battery with a protection structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: The support member (50) is made of a metallic conductive material, and the support member (50) is in contact with and cooperates with adjacent power-carrying rings (52). The support member (50) is used to maintain electrical connection between two adjacent power-carrying rings (52).

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