Photovoltaic module testing device

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of testing devices, in particular to a photovoltaic module testing device. The device comprises a base, a test box, an adjusting test assembly and a test frame. The test box is rotationally arranged on the base; the adjusting test assemblies are arranged along the four walls of the test box, the first adjusting end adjusts the angle of the photovoltaic assembly and the distance between the photovoltaic assembly and the rotating shaft, the second adjusting end provides local external force, and the test ends can detect mechanical loads on the front and back faces of the photovoltaic assembly under the action of centripetal force / local external force; the test frame performs outdoor environment simulation on the photovoltaic module from above. On one hand, the photovoltaic module can be tested under the condition of uniform stress, and on the other hand, the photovoltaic module can be tested under the condition of local stress, and environment simulation is combined, so that the test content and data are enriched, the test requirements of the photovoltaic module under different conditions are met, and the test efficiency is improved. And the test process is high in automation, accuracy, flexibility and batch performance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of testing devices, and in particular to a photovoltaic component testing device. Background Art

[0002] Mechanical load testing is a very important test for photovoltaic modules. It is designed to simulate the mechanical loads that the modules are subjected to when used outdoors to evaluate their structural integrity and performance. It includes static and dynamic tests. Static mechanical load testing is mainly used to evaluate the performance and stability of photovoltaic modules under fixed loads. Dynamic mechanical load testing simulates the dynamic load conditions that photovoltaic modules may encounter in actual use to evaluate their performance and durability. These tests provide photovoltaic module manufacturers with important data support on product performance, stability and reliability, thereby ensuring that photovoltaic modules can operate efficiently and stably in actual applications.

[0003] The Chinese patent document with the authorization announcement number CN218772007U proposes a photovoltaic module testing device and a photovoltaic module testing system. The photovoltaic module testing system includes a photovoltaic module testing device. Among them, the photovoltaic module testing device includes: a load-bearing assembly and a flip assembly. The load-bearing assembly includes a fixing frame for fixing the photovoltaic module, and a support frame supporting the fixing frame. Fixing members are provided on both sides of the fixing frame for fixing the photovoltaic module to a first plane in the fixing frame. The fixing frame also has a first side and a second side opposite to each other, and the first side is rotatably connected to the support frame, and the jacking machine in the flip assembly is connected to the second side to push the horizontally arranged fixing frame to rotate relative to the support frame, so that the photovoltaic module fixed to the fixing frame is vertically arranged.

[0004] The existing photovoltaic module testing devices have the following deficiencies: 1. Single detection mode: The photovoltaic module has a fixed position and angle, and can only perform static mechanical load mechanical testing at a single angle, resulting in insufficient test data and low reference value. 2. The detection environment is inconsistent with the actual installation environment: photovoltaic modules are generally installed outdoors, and the actual working angle and working environment are not unified. These factors will affect their actual mechanical load performance, and ultimately lead to errors in the test results. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the problems existing in the background technology, a photovoltaic module testing device is proposed. On the one hand, the photovoltaic module can be tested under uniform stress, and on the other hand, the photovoltaic module can be tested under local stress. Combined with environmental simulation, the test content and data are enriched to meet the testing needs of photovoltaic modules in different situations. The testing process is highly automatic, accurate, flexible and batch-oriented.

[0006] The present invention provides a photovoltaic module testing device, comprising a base, a test box, an adjustment test component and a test frame. The test box is rotatably arranged on the base, and provides a centripetal force of controllable size by rotating at the origin; multiple groups of the adjustment test components are arranged along the four walls of the test box, and the adjustment end one adjusts the angle of the photovoltaic module and the distance between the photovoltaic module and the rotation axis, and the adjustment end two provides a local external force. The test end can detect the mechanical load on the front and back sides of the photovoltaic module under the action of the centripetal force / local external force; the bottom of the test frame is connected to the base, and the top passes through the test box, so as to simulate the outdoor environment of the photovoltaic module from above.

[0007] Preferably, the adjustment test assembly includes a mounting seat located in the test box; the rotating cylinder is rotated through the test box by a driving structure on the mounting seat, and an adjustment rod is provided at the outer end of the rotating cylinder; a mounting frame is arranged in front of the rotating cylinder, and the four sides are respectively rotatably connected to the adjustment rod, and the angle and the distance from the rotating axis are adjusted through the adjustment rod; the adjustment test piece is arranged in the mounting frame; and the local test piece is arranged on the mounting seat.

[0008] Preferably, the adjustment test piece includes a limit frame rotatably disposed in the installation frame and a tester located on the limit frame; the photovoltaic component is installed on the limit frame, and the mechanical load is detected by the tester.

[0009] Preferably, the limit frame is a frame structure, with two opposite sides rotatably connected to the inner wall of the mounting frame, and the other two opposite sides are provided with slots for the photovoltaic components to enter and exit; removable limit members are provided on the slots to limit the photovoltaic components; pairs of card plates are provided on the four sides of the limit frame; after the photovoltaic components enter the limit frame through the slots, they are clamped between the pairs of card plates and then limited by the limit members.

[0010] Preferably, a flexible protective piece with holes is provided between the card plates on the same side, which protects the photovoltaic components and allows the wires of the tester to pass through and connect to the test terminals on the photovoltaic components.

[0011] Preferably, the local test piece includes a translational drive member that passes through the rotating cylinder and connects to the mounting seat; the translational end of the translational drive member is rotatably connected to the chassis through a connector; the chassis is rotatably connected to the local test disk; the force application platform is movably arranged in front of the local test disk, and the local force intensity is increased by vibration and the setting of protrusions; the rotation directions of the chassis and the local test disk are staggered.

[0012] Preferably, the test stand comprises a support column which rotates and penetrates the test box; the outer periphery of the support column is connected to the environmental simulation part through a mounting rod.

[0013] Preferably, the environment simulation component is a lighting component for simulating lighting.

[0014] Preferably, the environmental simulation component is a spray component for simulating rainy days.

[0015] Preferably, the environmental simulation component is a temperature regulating component.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial technical effects: setting an adjustable test component, on the one hand, by moving and rotating the installation frame and the rotation of the limit frame, simulating the actual installation angle and other angles of the photovoltaic component, and then combining the centripetal force, the photovoltaic component can be tested in various modes such as double-sided test, multi-angle test, dynamic test, static test, etc. under uniform force, and the mechanical load test is flexible and diverse, with rich and comprehensive data, which is convenient for accurately judging the quality of the photovoltaic component. On the other hand, by placing a local test plate close to the photovoltaic component, the force application platform is attached to the photovoltaic component, and force is applied locally, so that the photovoltaic component can be tested in various modes such as double-sided test, multi-angle test, dynamic test, static test, etc. under local force. The above-mentioned uniform force and local force test modes can be completed separately or synchronously. In addition, the present invention simulates light / rainy day / temperature to make the test environment of the photovoltaic component fit the outdoor working environment, further enriches the content and data of the test, meets the test requirements of the photovoltaic component under different conditions, and the test process is automatic, accurate, flexible, and batch-oriented. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the photovoltaic module testing device in the present invention (viewing angle 1);

[0018] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of the photovoltaic module testing device in the present invention (viewing angle 2);

[0019] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the adjustment test assembly in the present invention;

[0020] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of adjusting the test piece in the present invention;

[0021] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of a local test piece in the present invention;

[0022] Figure 6 for Figure 5 The enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0023] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the disassembly of the photovoltaic module testing device in the present invention;

[0024] Figure 8 for Figure 7 The enlarged schematic diagram of point B in the middle;

[0025] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the test stand in the present invention.

[0026] Figure numerals: 1, base; 101, motor three; 2, test box; 201, gear one; 202, gear two; 3, adjustment test assembly; 301, mounting seat; 302, worm; 303, worm wheel; 304, rotating cylinder; 305, adjustment rod one; 306, mounting frame; 307, local test piece; 307a, driving piece; 307b, connector; 307c, chassis; 307d, local test plate; 30 7e, force application platform; 307f, vibrator; 307g, explosion-proof ring; 307h, spring; 307i, reinforcement bump; 308, adjustment test piece; 308a, limit frame; 308b, slot; 308c, limit piece; 308d, clamping plate; 308e, flexible protective piece; 308f, tester; 309, motor 2; 4, test frame; 401, pillar; 402, mounting rod; 403, environmental simulation piece. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] Embodiment 1, as Figure 1-Figure 2 As shown, a photovoltaic module testing device proposed by the present invention includes a base 1, a test box 2, an adjustment test component 3 and a test frame 4. The test box 2 is rotatably set on the base 1, and provides a centripetal force of controllable size by rotating at the origin; multiple groups of the adjustment test components 3 are set along the four walls of the test box 2, and the adjustment end one adjusts the angle of the photovoltaic module and the distance between it and the rotation axis, and the adjustment end two provides a local external force. The test end can detect the mechanical load on the front and back sides of the photovoltaic module under the action of the centripetal force / local external force; the test frame 4 is connected to the base 1 at the bottom and penetrates the test box 2 at the top, so as to simulate the outdoor environment of the photovoltaic module from above.

[0028] like Figure 3 As shown, the adjustment test assembly 3 includes a mounting seat 301 located in the test box 2; a rotating cylinder 304 rotates through the test box 2 through the driving structure on the mounting seat 301, and an adjustment rod 1 305 is set at its outer end; a mounting frame 306 is set in front of the rotating cylinder 304, and the four sides are respectively rotated to connect the adjustment rod 1 305, and the angle and the distance from the rotating axis are adjusted through the adjustment test piece 308. The adjustment test piece 308 is set in the mounting frame 306, and is combined with the adjustment rod 1 305, the mounting frame 306, and the rotating cylinder 304 to form the adjustment end 1; the local test piece 307 is set on the mounting seat 301, which is the adjustment end 2.

[0029] It should be further explained that the driving structure is a worm wheel 303 and a worm 302 structure that cooperate with each other. The worm 302 is driven by a motor 1 to rotate and connect the mounting seat 301; the worm wheel 303 is sleeved on the rotating cylinder 304 to drive the rotating cylinder 304 to rotate.

[0030] The adjusting rods 305 are provided in four groups corresponding to the four sides of the mounting frame 306, and are all cylinder structures. The distance between the photovoltaic module and the rotating shaft can be adjusted by synchronous movement of the telescopic ends. Based on the formula: F = mrω 2 It can be seen that the centripetal force can be changed by adjusting the distance between the photovoltaic module and the rotation axis, and the angle of the photovoltaic module can be adjusted by the asynchronous movement of the telescopic end. The angle of the photovoltaic module can be set to the actual installation angle or other angles. Finally, the test conditions can be changed through the above settings to meet the test requirements.

[0031] like Figure 4 As shown, the adjustment test piece 308 includes a limit frame 308a rotatably disposed in the installation frame 306 and a tester 308f located on the limit frame 308a.

[0032] The photovoltaic module is installed on the limit frame 308a, and the mechanical load is tested by the tester 308f. Through the rotation of the limit frame 308a, the flexibility of the photovoltaic module angle adjustment is further increased, and double-sided testing, multi-angle testing, dynamic testing, static testing, etc. are realized. The mechanical load test mode is diversified to better simulate the installation environment.

[0033] It needs to be further explained that the limit frame 308a is a frame structure, and two opposite sides are driven by motor 2 309 to rotate and connect to the inner wall of the installation frame 306, and the other two opposite sides are provided with slots 308b for the photovoltaic components to enter and exit; a detachable limit member 308c is provided on the slot 308b to limit the photovoltaic components; pairs of clamping plates 308d are provided on the four sides of the limit frame 308a; after the photovoltaic component enters the limit frame 308a through the slot 308b, it is clamped between the pairs of clamping plates 308d, and then limited by the limit member 308c.

[0034] It should be further explained that the limiter 308c is a combination of a bolt and a nut. The bolt passes through the two side walls of the slot 308b, and then the nut is tightened to prevent the photovoltaic module from slipping out of the slot 308b during testing.

[0035] It should be further explained that a flexible protective member 308e with holes is provided between the card plates 308d on the same side, which protects the photovoltaic components and allows the wires of the tester 308f to pass through and connect to the test terminals on the photovoltaic components, while the flexible structure will not interfere with the test results of the mechanical load.

[0036] It should be further explained that the flexible protective member 308e is a detachable nylon net, which does not affect the stress of the photovoltaic module and has a certain protective value.

[0037] It should be further explained that the tester 308f is a stress detector, which achieves the purpose of synchronous testing by attaching stress detection sheets to the front and back surfaces of the photovoltaic module, and the flexible protective member 308e can prevent the stress detection sheet from being thrown out.

[0038] like Figure 5 As shown, the local test piece 307 includes a translational driving member 307a that passes through the rotating cylinder 304 and is connected to the mounting seat 301; the translational end of the translational driving member 307a is rotationally connected to the chassis 307c through the connector 307b; the chassis 307c is rotationally connected to the local test disk 307d; and the force application platform 307e is movably arranged in front of the local test disk 307d, and the local force intensity is increased by vibration and the setting of protrusions.

[0039] It should be further explained that the translation driving member 307a is a cylinder structure.

[0040] It should be further explained that the rotation directions of the chassis 307c and the local test disk 307d are staggered, and specifically may be perpendicular to each other.

[0041] The local test disk 307d can be controlled to enter and exit the rotating cylinder 304 through cylinder drive. When local force is required, the photovoltaic component needs to be rotated to the range of action of the local test piece 307 first; the local test disk 307d is close to the photovoltaic component, and through the movable setting of the chassis 307c and the local test disk 307d, the force application platform 307e is attached to the photovoltaic component, making the local force more balanced and stable, which is convenient for testing.

[0042] It needs to be further explained that if Figure 5-Figure 6 As shown, a vibrator 307f is arranged inside the local test disk 307d; an explosion-proof ring 307g is arranged on the periphery of the vibrator 307f at a position higher than the vibrator 307f; a spring 307h is arranged between the explosion-proof ring 307g and the force application platform 307e to increase the vibration amplitude of the force application platform 307e.

[0043] It should be further explained that the surface of the force-applying platform 307e is evenly provided with reinforcing protrusions 307i to further fit the photovoltaic module to enhance the force-applying effect.

[0044] like Figure 7-8 As shown, a mounting groove is provided on the base 1; a gear 1 201 and a gear 2 202 meshing with each other are provided in the mounting groove; the gear 2 202 is driven to rotate by the motor 3 101; the gear 1 201 is provided at the bottom of the test box 2 and is coaxial with its rotation axis.

[0045] like Fig. 9 As shown, the test stand 4 includes a support column 401 that rotates through the test box 2 and has a bottom that passes through the gear 1 201 and extends into the installation slot; the outer periphery of the support column 401 is connected to the environmental simulation component 403 through a flexible installation rod 402.

[0046] It should be further explained that the environment simulation component 403 is a lighting component for simulating light, such as a xenon lamp, a mercury lamp, an LED lamp, etc. The environment simulation component 403 can also be a spray component for simulating rainy days, such as a nozzle, a water gun, etc. The environment simulation component 403 can also be a temperature adjustment component for temperature, such as a heater, a cooler, etc.

[0047] By simulating light / rain / temperature, the outdoor working environment of photovoltaic modules can be simulated, and their mechanical load performance under different environments can be tested, further enriching the test data and improving the test results.

[0048] Embodiment 2: Based on the photovoltaic module testing device in Embodiment 1, this embodiment proposes a photovoltaic module testing method, and the steps are as follows:

[0049] S1, the photovoltaic modules to be processed are passed through the slots 308b one by one into the corresponding limit frames 308a, clamped between the pairs of clamping plates 308d, and then limited by the limit members 308c;

[0050] S2. Remove the flexible protective member 308e to expose the working end of the photovoltaic module; twist the mounting rod 402 to adjust its spraying or lighting angle to directly face the photovoltaic module, simulate light / rainy day / temperature, so that the test environment of the photovoltaic module fits the outdoor working environment;

[0051] S3, by rotating the rotating cylinder 304 and extending the adjusting rod 1 305, the installation frame 306 is driven to rotate; by rotating the limit frame 308a, the actual installation angle of the photovoltaic module is simulated;

[0052] S4, install the flexible protective member 308e, and rotate the test box 2 from the origin. During the rotation, centripetal force is generated, and the centripetal force acts on the photovoltaic module to start the mechanical load test, including double-sided test, multi-angle test, dynamic test, static test, etc.;

[0053] S5. Before testing, it is necessary to clarify the size of the target load, that is, the maximum load that the photovoltaic module needs to withstand; this is usually determined based on the design specifications of the photovoltaic module and the actual application environment; then formulate the loading steps, divide the target load into multiple loading steps, and the load increment of each step should be appropriate to avoid damage to the photovoltaic module due to excessive load in a short period of time; then set the loading time, set a reasonable loading time for each loading step to ensure that the photovoltaic module has enough time to adapt to the increase in load. The length of the loading time should be determined according to the characteristics of the photovoltaic module and the test requirements;

[0054] S6. When conducting static tests, it is necessary to refer to standards such as IEC 61215 and IEC 61646, gradually apply loads on the front and back surfaces of the photovoltaic modules until they reach 2400Pa, and ensure that the load is evenly distributed; maintain the load for 1 hour; when conducting dynamic tests, refer to IEC 62782 standards, maintain the photovoltaic modules in a dynamic state, and apply a dynamic mechanical load of ±1000Pa; cycle the load 1000 times, complete 1-3 cycles per minute, and maintain the limit pressure for at least 7±3 seconds; during the test, the load assembly suspended on the load lifting platform (pressure is applied by hydraulic or mechanical means) is used to simulate the load borne by the actual photovoltaic module; multiple loading points can be set on the load assembly according to the size and shape of the photovoltaic module, and the load size of each loading point can be adjusted to ensure that the load on the entire photovoltaic module is evenly distributed;

[0055] S7. When local testing is required, the photovoltaic module needs to be rotated to the action range of the local test piece 307 first; the local test plate 307d is close to the photovoltaic module, and the force application platform 307e is attached to the photovoltaic module by moving forward and backward, rotating along the vertical plane and the horizontal plane, and applying force to the local part to test the local mechanical load;

[0056] S8. Complete the batch test of photovoltaic modules, read the stress data of the corresponding positions respectively, and check whether the modules have intermittent circuit breaking, serious appearance defects, etc.;

[0057] S9. Evaluate the performance of photovoltaic modules.

[0058] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited thereto, and various changes can be made within the knowledge scope of technicians in the relevant technical field without departing from the purpose of the present invention.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic module testing device, characterized in that: include: The test box (2) is rotatably mounted on the base (1) and provides a centripetal force of controllable magnitude by rotating at an origin; The test assembly (3) is adjusted, and multiple groups are arranged along the four walls of the test box (2). The first adjustment end adjusts the angle of the photovoltaic assembly and the distance between the photovoltaic assembly and the rotation axis. The second adjustment end provides a local external force. The test end can detect the mechanical load on the front and back sides of the photovoltaic assembly under the action of the centripetal force / local external force. And a test frame (4), the bottom of which is connected to the base (1) and the top of which passes through the test box (2), so as to perform outdoor environment simulation test on the photovoltaic module from above.

2. The photovoltaic module testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjustment test assembly (3) comprises a mounting seat (301) located in the test box (2); a rotating cylinder (304) is rotated through the test box (2) by a driving structure on the mounting seat (301), and an adjustment rod (305) is arranged at the outer end of the rotating cylinder; a mounting frame (306) is arranged in front of the rotating cylinder (304), and the four sides are respectively rotatably connected to the adjustment rod (305), and the angle and the distance from the rotating axis are adjusted by the adjustment rod; The adjustment test piece (308) is arranged in the installation frame (306); The local test piece (307) is arranged on the mounting seat (301).

3. The photovoltaic module testing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The adjusting test piece (308) includes rotating a limit frame (308a) disposed in the installation frame (306) and a tester (308f) located on the limit frame (308a); The photovoltaic assembly is mounted on a limiting frame (308a) and the mechanical load is detected by a tester (308f).

4. The photovoltaic module testing device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The limiting frame (308a) is a frame structure, two opposite sides of which are rotatably connected to the inner wall of the mounting frame (306), and the other two opposite sides are provided with slots (308b) for the photovoltaic components to enter and exit; a detachable limiting member (308c) is provided on the slot (308b) to limit the photovoltaic components; pairs of clamping plates (308d) are provided on the four sides of the limiting frame (308a); after the photovoltaic components enter the limiting frame (308a) through the slot (308b), they are clamped between the pairs of clamping plates (308d) and then limited by the limiting member (308c).

5. The photovoltaic module testing device according to claim 4, characterized in that: A flexible protective member (308e) with holes is arranged between the card plates (308d) on the same side, which protects the photovoltaic components and allows the wires of the tester (308f) to pass through and connect to the test terminals on the photovoltaic components.

6. The photovoltaic module testing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The local test piece (307) comprises a translation driving member (307a) penetrating the rotating cylinder (304) and connected to the mounting seat (301); the translation end of the translation driving member (307a) is rotatably connected to the chassis (307c) through the connector (307b); the chassis (307c) is rotatably connected to the local test disc (307d); the force application platform (307e) is movably arranged in front of the local test disc (307d), and the local force application strength is increased by vibration and the provision of protrusions; The rotation directions of the base plate (307c) and the local test plate (307d) are staggered.

7. The photovoltaic module testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The test stand (4) comprises a support (401) which rotates and penetrates the test box (2); the outer periphery of the support (401) is connected to an environmental simulation component (403) via a mounting rod (402).

8. The photovoltaic module testing device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The environment simulation component (403) is a lighting component used to simulate lighting.

9. The photovoltaic module testing device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The environmental simulation part (403) is a spray part used to simulate rainy days.

10. The photovoltaic module testing device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The environmental simulation component (403) is a temperature regulating component for temperature.

Images