Battery pack and energy storage device including same

Abstract

The battery pack according to the present disclosure comprises: at least one cell assembly; and a battery pack case accommodating the at least one cell assembly, in which the cell assembly includes: two or more cell stacks including stacked battery cells; a cell pressing unit disposed at both outermost edges of each cell stack in a stacking direction of the battery cells, and provided to individually provide a pressing force to each cell stack; and a bus bar frame assembly placed at front and rear portions of the cell stacks in a direction crossing a stacking direction of the battery cells, electrically connecting the battery cells, and integrally supporting the two or more cell stacks and the cell pressing unit.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a battery pack, and more particularly, to a battery pack capable of suppressing heat propagation between battery cells and performance degradation due to cell expansion, ensuring fire safety, and minimizing deformation of the battery pack.

[0002] This application claims priority to Korean Patent Application No. 10-2022-0181731 filed on December 22, 2022, and Korean Patent Application No. 10-2023-0142184 filed on October 23, 2023 in the Republic of Korea, the disclosures of which are incorporated herein by reference. Background Art

[0003] Currently commercialized secondary batteries include nickel-cadmium batteries, nickel-metal hydride batteries, nickel-zinc batteries and lithium secondary batteries. Among these batteries, lithium secondary batteries have attracted much attention due to their advantages of free charging and discharging with almost no memory effect, extremely low self-discharge rate and high energy density compared to nickel-based secondary batteries.

[0004] These lithium secondary batteries generally use lithium-based oxides and carbon materials as positive electrode active materials and negative electrode active materials, respectively. The lithium secondary battery includes an electrode assembly in which a positive electrode plate and a negative electrode plate (coated with a positive electrode active material and a negative electrode active material, respectively) are placed with a separator therebetween, and an outer casing (i.e., an outer battery pouch shell) seals and stores the electrode assembly together with an electrolyte.

[0005] Recently, secondary batteries have been widely used in medium and large devices such as vehicles and energy storage devices, and small devices such as portable electronic devices. When secondary batteries are used in medium and large devices, a large number of secondary batteries are electrically connected to increase capacity and output. In particular, pouch-type secondary batteries are widely used in these medium and large devices due to their advantage of being easy to stack.

[0006] Meanwhile, due to today's high demand for large-capacity structures and utilization as energy storage sources, there is an increasing demand for battery packs including a large number of secondary batteries electrically connected in series and / or in parallel, battery modules accommodating these secondary batteries therein, and battery management systems (BMS).

[0007] In addition, such a battery pack generally includes an outer case made of a metal material to protect a plurality of secondary batteries from external impact or store the plurality of secondary batteries. Meanwhile, the demand for large-capacity battery packs is increasing nowadays.

[0008] However, a large-capacity battery pack has a problem in that when one of a plurality of secondary batteries stored therein catches fire or explodes, heat and flame may be transferred to adjacent secondary batteries, resulting in a high risk of chain fire or explosion.

[0009] In addition, in the case of a pouch-type secondary battery, the electrode may become thicker during repeated charging and discharging, or may generate gas due to decomposition of the internal electrolyte through a side reaction, resulting in a so-called "swelling phenomenon" in which the secondary battery swells. Conventionally, in order to suppress or alleviate the swelling phenomenon, two flat end plates are placed at the outermost positions on both sides of the stacked pouch-type secondary batteries to pressurize the pouch-type secondary batteries. However, as the number of stacked pouch-type secondary batteries increases, it is not easy to uniformly and stably pressurize all the pouch-type secondary batteries. If the swelling phenomenon is deteriorated as a result, the performance of the secondary battery may be deteriorated, and in addition, it may cause a change in the appearance of the battery pack, which may have an adverse effect on the structural stability of the battery pack.

[0010] Therefore, a large-capacity battery pack including a large number of secondary batteries needs to be designed to minimize the above-mentioned problems. Summary of the invention

[0011] Technical issues

[0012] The present disclosure has been designed to solve the problems of the related art, and thus the present disclosure aims to provide a battery pack capable of suppressing heat propagation between battery cells, suppressing performance degradation due to cell expansion, and suppressing deformation of the battery pack.

[0013] The technical problems that the present disclosure seeks to solve are not limited to the above-mentioned problems, and other problems not mentioned above will be clearly understood by those skilled in the art from the explanation of the present invention described below.

[0014] Technical Solution

[0015] According to one aspect of the present disclosure, a battery pack is provided, comprising: at least one single cell assembly; and a battery pack housing, the battery pack housing being configured to accommodate the at least one single cell assembly, wherein the single cell assembly may include: two or more single cell stacks, the single cell stacks comprising stacked battery cells; a single cell pressurizing unit, the single cell pressurizing unit being disposed at the outermost positions on both sides of each single cell stack in the stacking direction of the battery cells, and the single cell pressurizing unit being configured to provide a squeezing force to each single cell stack; and a bus bar frame assembly, the bus bar frame assembly being configured to integrally support the two or more single cell stacks and the single cell pressurizing unit at the front and rear of the single cell stack in a direction intersecting the stacking direction of the battery cells, and electrically connect the battery cells.

[0016] The battery cells are pouch-type battery cells, and the cell stack may include: a first cell stack; and a second cell stack, the second cell stack being spaced apart from the first cell stack by a predetermined distance, and the second cell stack being disposed parallel to the first cell stack, and an air layer may be provided between the first cell stack and the second cell stack.

[0017] The cell pressurizing unit may include: a first left pressurizing unit, which is in contact with the leftmost battery cell of the first cell stack; a first right pressurizing unit, which is in contact with the rightmost battery cell of the first cell stack; a second left pressurizing unit, which is in contact with the leftmost battery cell of the second cell stack; and a second right pressurizing unit, which is in contact with the rightmost battery cell of the second cell stack.

[0018] Each of the first left pressurizing unit, the first right pressurizing unit, the second left pressurizing unit, and the second right pressurizing unit may include a rigid plate made of a metal material having high mechanical rigidity or made of a reinforced plastic material.

[0019] Each of the first left pressurizing unit, the first right pressurizing unit, the second left pressurizing unit and the second right pressurizing unit may further include: an insulating sheet attached to a surface of the rigid plate; and a compressible pad, one surface of the compressible pad being in contact with the insulating sheet and the other surface of the compressible pad being in contact with the battery cell.

[0020] The first right pressurizing unit and the second left pressurizing unit may be spaced apart from each other by a predetermined distance, and an air layer may be provided between the first right pressurizing unit and the second left pressurizing unit.

[0021] The bus bar frame assembly may include a central insertion portion into which ends of the first right pressure unit and the second left pressure unit are inserted, and the central insertion portion may include a gap maintaining protrusion that protrudes into a space between the ends of the first right pressure unit and the second left pressure unit.

[0022] The monomer pressurizing unit may further include: a first strap member, one end of which is fixedly connected to the first left pressurizing unit, and the other end of the first strap member is fixedly connected to the first right pressurizing unit, and the first strap member is constructed to cross the first monomer stack in the width direction of the first monomer stack so as to partially surround at least one of the top and the bottom of the first monomer stack; and a second strap member, one end of the second strap member is fixedly connected to the second left pressurizing unit, and the other end of the second strap member is fixedly connected to the second right pressurizing unit, and the second strap member is constructed to cross the second monomer stack in the width direction of the second monomer stack so as to partially surround at least one of the top and the bottom of the second monomer stack.

[0023] The busbar frame assembly may include: a busbar frame, which is made of an electrically insulating material and is configured to have a size capable of covering the front end face or the rear end face of the first cell stack and the second cell stack; and a plurality of busbars, which are made of a metal material, are mounted to the busbar frame and are connected to the electrode leads of the battery cells.

[0024] The at least one single cell assembly may be a plurality of single cell assemblies arranged side by side, and the battery pack housing may include: a substrate configured to support the plurality of single cell assemblies at the bottom of the plurality of single cell assemblies; and a battery pack cover configured to cover the plurality of single cell assemblies and be connected to the substrate.

[0025] The substrate may include: a support frame, which is arranged in an edge area extending along the arrangement direction of the monomer components, and the support frame is configured to protrude upward at a predetermined interval in the arrangement direction of the monomer components and support the busbar frame assembly of each monomer component; and a recess, which is arranged between adjacent support frames, and the busbar frame assembly of each monomer component may include: a retaining plate, which is placed on the upper surface of the support frame; and a placement guide block, which protrudes downward from the retaining plate so as to be inserted into the recess corresponding thereto.

[0026] When the monomer component is placed on the substrate by inserting the corresponding placement guide block into the corresponding recess, the corresponding placement guide block and the support frame are constructed to form a continuous component wall along the arrangement direction of the monomer component, and the component wall may have a rod insertion portion, the outer surface of the rod insertion portion is recessed inward, and a rod member is inserted into the rod insertion portion, and the length of the rod member corresponds to the length of the component wall.

[0027] The battery cell is a pouch-type battery cell, and the pouch-type battery cell may include an outer bag shell, the outer bag shell is configured to store an electrode assembly, and the outer bag shell has a lower edge portion, a front edge portion and a rear edge portion that are heat-fused, and the cell stack is placed so that the lower edge portion of the outer bag shell points to the substrate, and the substrate may include: support ribs, the support ribs are configured to protrude from the bottom surface in a grid structure and support the cell stack to be spaced apart from the bottom surface; and at least one exhaust hole, the at least one exhaust hole is formed to pass through the bottom surface.

[0028] An air layer may be provided between the cell stacks spaced a predetermined distance apart from each other along the stacking direction of the battery cells, and the battery pack cover may have an upper exhaust hole formed to pass through the battery pack cover, and the substrate may have a lower exhaust hole formed to pass through the substrate, and the upper exhaust hole, the air layer and the lower exhaust hole may be configured to match each other in a vertical direction.

[0029] According to another aspect of the present disclosure, an energy storage system including the above-mentioned battery pack may be provided.

[0030] Beneficial effects

[0031] According to the present disclosure, it is possible to provide a battery pack capable of suppressing heat propagation between battery cells, suppressing performance degradation due to cell expansion, and suppressing deformation of the battery pack.

[0032] In particular, according to the present disclosure, a swelling phenomenon of battery cells in a cell assembly unit may be more effectively prevented by distributing a pressurizing structure to the battery cells, and heat propagation between the battery cells may be limited.

[0033] In addition, the present disclosure may have various other effects, and these will be described in the corresponding embodiments, or descriptions of effects that can be easily inferred by those skilled in the art will be omitted. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] Figure 1 is a perspective view showing a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0035] Figure 2 The battery pack cover is shown separated from the Figure 1 Figure 1. A diagram of a battery pack in FIG.

[0036] Figure 3 is a perspective view showing a single body assembly according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0037] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 An exploded perspective view of the single component in the figure.

[0038] Figure 5 is along Figure 3 A cross-sectional perspective view of the monomer assembly taken along line AA'.

[0039] Figure 6 yes Figure 5 Schematic cross-sectional view of .

[0040] Figure 7 yes Figure 6 A partial enlarged view of .

[0041] Figure 8 is a side view of a monolithic assembly according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0042] Fig. 9 is a perspective view showing a base plate and a rod member according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0043] Fig.10 yes Fig. 9 A partial enlarged view of .

[0044] Figures 11 to 13 is a diagram illustrating an assembly process or an assembly structure of a substrate and a plurality of single components according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0045] Fig.14 is a cut-away perspective view showing a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0046] Fig.15 yes Fig.14 A partial enlarged view of .

[0047] Fig.16 is a partial cross-sectional view of a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] Hereinafter, the preferred embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the terms used in the specification and the appended claims should not be interpreted as limited to the general meaning and dictionary meaning, but on the basis of the principle that the inventor is allowed to appropriately define the terms to obtain the best interpretation, based on the meaning and concept corresponding to the technical aspects of the present disclosure. Therefore, the embodiments of this specification and the constructions proposed in the accompanying drawings only indicate the most preferred embodiments of the present disclosure, and do not represent all technical concepts of the present disclosure, so it should be understood that various equivalents and modifications may be made to them when submitting an application.

[0049] For the convenience of explanation and description, the size of each element or a specific part of each element shown in the drawings is exaggerated, omitted or simplified. Therefore, the size of each element does not fully reflect their actual size. The description of the related known functions or structures that may obscure the subject matter of the present disclosure will be omitted.

[0050] Throughout the specification of the present application, unless specifically described otherwise, when a component “includes” a certain element, it means that the component may further include other elements.

[0051] Figure 1 is a perspective view showing a battery pack according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, Figure 2 The battery pack cover is shown separated from the Figure 1 Figure 1. The battery pack diagram. Figure 3 is a perspective view showing a single body assembly according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, and Figure 4 yes Figure 3 An exploded perspective view of the single component in the figure.

[0052] The battery pack 10 according to the present disclosure includes at least one cell assembly 100 and a pack case 400 accommodating the at least one cell assembly 100 .

[0053] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the battery pack 10 according to the present embodiment may include: a battery pack housing 400, which includes a battery pack cover 410 and a substrate 420; and a plurality of monomer assemblies 100A, 100B, 100C and 100D, which are arranged on the substrate 420 along one direction (Y-axis direction).

[0054] Each cell assembly 100 may include: two or more cell stacks 110 and 120 having stacked battery cells 101 ; a cell pressurizing unit 200 ; and a bus bar frame assembly 300 .

[0055] One cell assembly 100 may be configured to include two cell stacks or three or four cell stacks. Here, the cell stack refers to a collection of battery cells 101 in which a predetermined number of battery cells 101 having an approximately plate shape are stacked.

[0056] The cell stacks 110 and 120 may be configured of the pouch-type battery cells 101. As an alternative to the pouch-type battery cells 101, prismatic battery cells 101 in which an electrode assembly is stored in a rectangular parallelepiped metal can may be used.

[0057] Specifically, refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4, the cell assembly 100 according to this embodiment includes two cell stacks, designated as a first cell stack 110 and a second cell stack 120. The first cell stack 110 and the second cell stack 120 are a collection of pouch-type battery cells 101 stacked in one direction (Y-axis direction). The first cell stack 110 and the second cell stack 120 may be provided in the form that the pouch-type battery cells 101 are stacked in a horizontal direction, wherein the wide surfaces of the pouch-type battery cells 101 stand vertically to the ground.

[0058] The pouch-type battery cell 101 may be manufactured by storing an electrode assembly and an electrolyte material inside an outer bag shell made of a laminate film containing a soft metal; and sealing the outer bag shell. Here, the electrode assembly includes a positive electrode plate, a negative electrode plate, and a separator between the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate. The pouch-type battery cell 101 may include an electrode lead 102 used as an electrode terminal, and the electrode lead 102 may be provided to be electrically connected to the electrode assembly and exposed to the outside of the outer bag shell. The electrode lead 102 includes a pair of positive electrode leads and a negative electrode lead. The positive electrode lead and the negative electrode lead may be respectively arranged at the front and rear of the pouch-type battery cell 101 in the longitudinal direction (±X-axis direction) of the pouch-type battery cell 101.

[0059] In this embodiment, one cell assembly 100 includes a total of 16 pouch-type battery cells 101, and each of the first cell stack 110 and the second cell stack 120 has eight pouch-type battery cells 101. Meanwhile, the number of pouch-type battery cells 101 included in the cell assembly 100 may be increased or decreased depending on desired energy capacity or output.

[0060] The first cell stack 110 and the second cell stack 120 are arranged to be spaced apart from each other by a predetermined distance and to be parallel to each other. Figure 3 and Figure 5 As shown, the first cell stack 110 and the second cell stack 120 are spaced apart from each other by a predetermined distance. Therefore, the cell assembly 100 according to this embodiment has an air layer K1 between the first cell stack 110 and the second cell stack 120.

[0061] The air layer K1 may be used to block heat transfer between the first cell stack 110 and the second cell stack 120. For example, if a thermal runaway event occurs in one of the battery cells 101 of the second cell stack 120, the air layer K1 may prevent heat transfer from the second cell stack 120 to the first cell stack 110. Therefore, when a thermal event occurs in a specific battery cell 101, chain propagation of heat to all battery cells 101 included in the cell assembly 100 may be prevented.

[0062] In addition, when gas is generated from the battery cell 101, the air layer K1 can be used as a gas movement channel. In the case of internal combustion of the battery pack, if a large amount of gas generated from the battery cell 101 cannot be discharged to the outside, the internal pressure may rise rapidly, causing structural collapse or explosion. Therefore, in the battery pack 10 according to the present disclosure, the air layer K1 between the first cell stack 110 and the second cell stack 120 can be used as a gas movement channel, and as will be described later, since the upper exhaust hole 411 and the lower exhaust hole 425 provided on the battery pack housing 400 are connected to the air layer K1 in the vertical direction, the exhaust gas can be smoothly discharged to the outside of the battery pack. Therefore, when internal combustion occurs, the risk of structural collapse or explosion due to increased internal pressure in the battery pack according to the present disclosure is very low.

[0063] The cell pressurizing unit 200 may be disposed at the outermost position on both sides of each cell stack and configured to provide a pressing force to each cell stack. Here, the outermost position on both sides of the cell stack refers to the outer side of the first battery cell 101 and the outer side of the last battery cell 101 in the stacking direction of the battery cells 101.

[0064] Specifically, refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4 The cell pressurizing unit 200 according to the present embodiment may include first cell pressurizing units 210 , 220 for pressurizing the first cell stack 110 and second cell pressurizing units 240 , 250 for pressurizing the second cell stack 120 .

[0065] The first single pressurizing units 210 and 220 may include a first left pressurizing unit 210 and a first right pressurizing unit 220 , and the second single pressurizing units 240 and 250 may include a second left pressurizing unit 240 and a second right pressurizing unit 250 .

[0066] The first left pressurizing unit 210 can be placed in contact with the leftmost battery cell 101 of the first cell stack 110, the first right pressurizing unit 220 can be placed in contact with the rightmost battery cell 101 of the first cell stack 110, the second left pressurizing unit 240 can be placed in contact with the leftmost battery cell 101 of the second cell stack 120, and the second right pressurizing unit 250 can be placed in contact with the rightmost battery cell 101 of the second cell stack 120.

[0067] Each of the first left pressurizing unit 210 , the first right pressurizing unit 220 , the second left pressurizing unit 240 , and the second right pressurizing unit 250 may be constructed of a rigid plate 201 made of a metal material having high mechanical rigidity, or made of a reinforced plastic material.

[0068] The first cell stack 110 may be pressurized by the first left pressurizing unit 210 and the first right pressurizing unit 220 , and the second cell stack 120 positioned a predetermined distance apart from the first cell stack 110 may be pressurized by the second left pressurizing unit 240 and the second right pressurizing unit 250 .

[0069] For example, when assembling the cell assembly 100, the first cell stack 110 may be pressurized by the first left pressurizing unit 210 and the first right pressurizing unit 220, and then, the first cell stack 110, the first left pressurizing unit 210, and the first right pressurizing unit 220 may be integrally assembled to the bus bar frame assembly 300 (to be described later). The bus bar frame assembly 300 may be configured so that both ends of the first left pressurizing unit 210 and both ends of the first right pressurizing unit 220 are inserted into the bus bar frame assembly 300 and fixed to the bus bar frame assembly 300. If the first left pressurizing unit 210 and the first right pressurizing unit 220 are coupled to the above-described bus bar frame assembly 300, the pressing force on the first cell stack 110 may be maintained.

[0070] In addition, the second cell stack 120 may be pressurized by the second left pressurizing unit 240 and the second right pressurizing unit 250, and then, the second cell stack 120, the second left pressurizing unit 240 and the second right pressurizing unit 250 may be integrally assembled to the bus bar frame assembly 300. The bus bar frame assembly 300 may be configured such that both ends of the second left pressurizing unit 240 and both ends of the second right pressurizing unit 250 are inserted into the bus bar frame assembly 300 and fixed to the bus bar frame assembly 300. If the second left pressurizing unit 240 and the second right pressurizing unit 250 are coupled to the bus bar frame assembly 300, the pressing force on the second cell stack 120 may be maintained.

[0071] In addition, if Figure 5 As shown, the first right pressurizing unit 220 and the second left pressurizing unit 240 can be assembled to the bus bar frame assembly 300 so that the first right pressurizing unit 220 and the second left pressurizing unit 240 are spaced apart from each other by a predetermined distance, thereby providing an air layer K1 between the first right pressurizing unit 220 and the second left pressurizing unit 240.

[0072] The cell pressurizing unit 200 may be constructed of a flat rigid plate 201. However, if the rigid plate 201 is made of metal, there is a problem of ensuring electrical insulation from the battery cell 101, and due to the difference in surface roughness between the battery cell 101 and the rigid plate 201, the surface of the battery cell 101 is likely to be damaged.

[0073] Therefore, the single body pressurizing unit 200 according to the present embodiment may further include an insulating sheet 202 and a compressible pad 203, such as Figure 4 shown.

[0074] The insulating sheet 202 may be attached to the surface of each rigid board 201. The insulating sheet 202 may be configured in the form of a thin sheet made of a material having insulating properties, fire resistance, and heat insulation properties. For example, silicon or MICA may be used as the material of the insulating sheet 202.

[0075] The compressible pad 203 may be disposed between the insulating sheet 202 and the cell stack. The compressible pad 203 may be configured to have one surface in contact with the insulating sheet 202 and another surface in contact with the outermost battery cell 101 in the cell stack. As described above, by adopting the compressible pad 203, the surface pressure caused by the rigid plate 201 may be uniformly applied to the battery cell 101 without damaging the surface of the battery cell 101.

[0076] Meanwhile, the cell pressurizing unit 200 may further include a strap as a means for strengthening the pressing force on the cell stack.

[0077] The strap according to this embodiment may include a first strap member 230 and a second strap member 260. Figure 3 and Figure 4 shown.

[0078] One end of the first strap member 230 can be fixedly connected to the first left pressurizing unit 210, and the other end of the first strap member 230 can be fixedly connected to the first right pressurizing unit 220, and the first strap member 230 can be arranged to span the first cell stack 110 in the width direction of the first cell stack 110 so as to partially surround at least one of the top and the bottom of the first cell stack 110.

[0079] In this embodiment, the first strap member 230 may include a first top strap member 230a partially surrounding the top of the first cell stack 110 and a first bottom strap member 230b partially surrounding the bottom of the first cell stack 110. As a modification of this embodiment, the first strap member 230 may also be configured to surround all of the top, bottom, and sides of the first cell stack 110.

[0080] One end of the second strap member 260 can be fixedly connected to the second left pressurizing unit 240, the other end of the second strap member 260 can be fixedly connected to the second right pressurizing unit 250, and the second strap member 260 can be arranged to span the second cell stack 120 in the width direction of the second cell stack 120 so as to partially surround at least one of the top and the bottom of the second cell stack 120.

[0081] In this embodiment, in a manner substantially similar to the first strap member 230 , the second strap member 260 may include a second top strap member 260 a partially surrounding the top of the second cell stack 120 and a second bottom strap member 260 b partially surrounding the bottom of the second cell stack 120 .

[0082] The first strap member 230 and the second strap member 260 may be configured substantially the same as each other. Therefore, the description of the second strap member 260 will be replaced with the description of the first strap member 230 below.

[0083] The first cell stack 110 may be fastened on the top and bottom of the first cell stack 110 by the first strap member 230 while being pressurized by the first left pressurizing unit 210 and the first right pressurizing unit 220. The first strap member 230 may be made of a metal material having excellent mechanical rigidity. An insulating film may be attached to the surface of the first strap member 230 surrounding the first cell stack 110 for electrical insulation from the battery cell 101.

[0084] like Figure 4 As shown, the rigid plate 201 may be provided with strap fastening holes H1 at the upper and lower ends, respectively. Both ends of the first strap member 230 may be configured to fit into the strap fastening holes H1.

[0085] For example, the first top strap member 230a may have a configuration that is configured to approximate a " The end of the first top strap member 230a can be inserted into the strap fastening hole H1 provided at the upper end of the first left pressurizing unit 210, such as Figure 5 In addition, the tip of the other end of the first top strap member 230 a may be inserted into a strap fastening hole (not shown) provided at the upper end of the first right pressurizing unit 220 .

[0086] The first bottom strap member 230b has the same configuration as the first top strap member 230a and may be inserted and coupled to a strap fastening hole H1 provided at a lower end of the first left pressurizing unit 210 and a strap fastening hole (not shown) provided at a lower end of the first right pressurizing unit 220 in the same manner as the first top strap member 230a.

[0087] The first banding member 230 may be applied at predetermined intervals to positions in the longitudinal direction of the first cell stack 110. Preferably, the first banding member 230 may be applied to the central portion of the first cell stack 110 and positions spaced a predetermined distance to the left and right relative to the central portion in the longitudinal direction of the first cell stack 110.

[0088] Meanwhile, although in the present embodiment, three first strap members 230 are applied to the top and bottom of the first cell stack 110 in the longitudinal direction of the first cell stack 110 , unlike this embodiment, two, four or more first strap members 230 may be applied to the first cell stack 110 .

[0089] As described above, the first cell stack 110 and the first cell pressurizing unit 210 can be integrally combined by the first strap member 230, thereby more stably maintaining the pressurized state of the first cell stack. In addition, the second cell stack 120 and the second cell pressurizing units 240 and 250 can be integrally combined by the second strap member 260, thereby more stably maintaining the pressurized state of the second cell stack 120.

[0090] The bus bar frame assemblies are respectively disposed at the front and rear of the first and second cell stacks 110, 120, and the first and second cell stacks 110, 120 are spaced apart from each other by a predetermined distance in the left and right directions (±Y-axis directions) to be parallel to each other. In other words, the bus bar frame assemblies 300 are disposed at the front and rear of the cell stacks in a direction intersecting the stacking direction of the battery cells 101.

[0091] The bus bar frame assembly 300 may be configured to integrally support the cell stack and the cell pressurizing unit 200 , and electrically connect the battery cells 101 .

[0092] The busbar frame assembly 300 may be configured to correspond to the number of cell stacks. In other words, although the busbar frame assembly 300 of the present embodiment is designed to correspond to two cell stacks, for example, if there are three cell stacks, the busbar frame assembly 300 may also be configured to support and electrically connect the three cell stacks.

[0093] The bus bar frame assembly 300 includes a bus bar frame 310 and a plurality of bus bars 320 .

[0094] The busbar frame 310 may be made of an electrically insulating material and may be configured to have a size capable of integrally covering the front end face or the rear end face of the first cell stack 110 and the second cell stack 120. In addition, the busbar frame 310 may have lead slits, and a predetermined number of electrode leads 102 may pass through the lead slits in the forward direction and the backward direction (±X-axis direction). The lead slits may be arranged at predetermined intervals in the stacking direction of the battery cells 101.

[0095] The plurality of bus bars 320 may be configured in the form of a rod or a plate made of a conductive metal material such as copper, aluminum, nickel, etc. The plurality of bus bars 320 may be mounted to the bus bar frame 310 at regular intervals in a stacking direction of the battery cells 101 .

[0096] The pouch-type battery cells 101 constituting each of the first cell stack 110 and the second cell stack 120 may have electrode leads 102 passing through their corresponding lead slits and extending to the outside of the busbar frame 310. That is, as Figure 3 As shown, the electrode lead 102 extending to the outside of the busbar frame 310 can be bent and fixedly attached to the surface of the busbar 320 corresponding thereto. For example, the busbar 320 and the electrode lead 102 can be fixedly connected to each other by laser welding or ultrasonic welding. For example, the positive electrode leads of two battery cells 101 are attached to a specific busbar 320 while overlapping each other, and the negative electrode leads of the other two battery cells 101 are attached to a specific busbar 320 while overlapping each other. As a result, the four battery cells 101 can be connected in series and / or in parallel to each other. If the electrode leads 102 of the battery cells 101 are attached to the corresponding busbars in this manner, all the battery cells 101 included in the first cell stack 110 and the second cell stack 120 can be connected in series and / or in parallel.

[0097] For reference, in the present embodiment, one cell assembly 100 includes a total of 16 battery cells 101. The total 16 battery cells 101 are configured such that four battery cells 101 are respectively connected in parallel through the bus bar 320, and such that four groups (connected in parallel) of battery cells 101 are connected in series to each other. Therefore, in one cell assembly 100 according to the present embodiment, 16 battery cells are electrically connected in the form of 4S4P.

[0098] In addition, the cell assembly 100 according to the present embodiment has a structure in which 16 battery cells 101 are divided into 2 groups to be pressurized, each group having 8 battery cells 101. That is, as described above, the cell assembly 100 has a structure in which the first cell stack 110 and the second cell stack 120 are pressurized separately.

[0099] refer to Figure 6 to Figure 7 , the bus bar frame assembly 300 according to the embodiment of the present disclosure may include a central insertion portion 311 into which ends of the first right pressurizing unit 220 and the second left pressurizing unit 240 are inserted.

[0100] The central insertion portion 311 may have a gap maintaining protrusion 312 protruding into a space between an end of the first right pressing unit 220 and an end of the second left pressing unit 240 .

[0101] The first cell stack 110 may be placed on the left side of the gap maintaining protrusion 312 while being pressurized by the first cell pressurizing units 210 and 220, as indicated by “P1”, and the second cell stack 120 may be placed on the right side of the gap maintaining protrusion 312 while being pressurized by the second cell pressurizing units 240 and 250, as indicated by “P2”. When assembling the bus bar frame 310 to the first cell stack 110 and the second cell stack 120, the gap maintaining protrusion 312 may be used to guide the relative positions between the components.

[0102] In addition, the gap maintaining protrusion 312 prevents the end of the first right pressurizing unit 220 and the end of the second left pressurizing unit 240 from contacting each other, so that the air layer K1 between the first cell stack 110 and the second cell stack 120 is not blocked.

[0103] like Figure 4 As shown, the bus bar frame assembly 300 may have hooks 313a and 313b on both sides of the bus bar frame 310. The hooks 313a and 313b may include an upper hook 313a and a lower hook 313b. In addition, the first left pressurizing unit 210 and the second right pressurizing unit 250 may have hook fastening holes H2, respectively. The hook fastening holes H2 may include an upper fastening hole and a lower fastening hole.

[0104] like Figure 5 As shown, the upper hook 313a and the lower hook 313b provided on the left side portion of the bus bar frame 310 may be respectively hooked and coupled to the upper fastening hole and the lower fastening hole of the first left pressurizing unit 210. In addition, the upper hook 313a and the lower hook 313b provided on the right side portion of the bus bar frame 310 may be respectively hooked and coupled to the upper fastening hole and the lower fastening hole of the second right pressurizing unit 250.

[0105] In addition, refer to Figure 3 to Figure 4 and Figure 8 The bus bar frame assembly 300 according to the present embodiment may further include: a retaining plate 314 which is disposed on an upper surface of a support frame 422 of a base plate 420 , which will be described later; and a placement guide block 315 which protrudes downward from the retaining plate 314 .

[0106] The holding plate 314 and the seating guide block 315 are elements for improving the assembly and fixation between the plurality of unit assemblies 100 and the base plate 420. The holding plate 314 and the seating guide block 315 will be described in conjunction with the base plate 420 below.

[0107] The battery pack 10 according to the present disclosure includes one or more cell assemblies 100 as described above. Figure 2As shown in the embodiment of the present invention, the battery pack 10 may include four cell assemblies 100 placed side by side. In addition, the battery pack 10 may include a battery pack housing 400 to protect the four cell assemblies 100 from external influences.

[0108] The battery pack 10 may include a base plate 420 supporting the four cell assemblies 100 at the bottoms of the four cell assemblies 100 , and a pack cover 410 covering the four cell assemblies 100 and coupled to the base plate 420 .

[0109] The pack cover 410 may be configured in the form of a rectangular box having an open bottom, and the base plate 420 may be configured in the form of a plate having a sufficient area for the plurality of cell assemblies 100 to be seated thereon.

[0110] The base plate 420 may include an electrical device mounting portion 427 provided at one edge in the form of a plate perpendicular to the bottom surface 421. The electrical device mounting portion 427 may have an outer surface to which the BMS assembly 600 and the battery pack terminal unit 700 (including electrode terminals of the battery pack 10, fuses, etc.) may be mounted. The battery pack terminal unit 700 may be configured to be exposed or shielded using a terminal cover 701, wherein the terminal cover 701 is detachably provided on the battery pack cover 410.

[0111] In addition, if Fig. 9 As shown, the substrate 420 may include a support frame 422 and a recess 423, wherein the support frame 422 is provided in an edge region extending in the arrangement direction of the cell assembly 100 and protrudes upward at a predetermined interval in the arrangement direction of the cell assembly 100, and the recess 423 is provided between adjacent support frames. Here, the arrangement direction of the cell assembly 100 is the same as the stacking direction of the battery cells 101, and the edge region extending in the arrangement direction of the cell assembly 100 includes the substrate 420 in the Fig. 9 The edge area in the -X axis direction and the edge area in the +X axis direction.

[0112] refer to Fig.10 , the support frame 422 has a shape in which the outer surface is inwardly recessed. The recessed shape is generally " " shape, and this shape matches the shape of the rod member 500 which will be described later. At the same time, the concave shape can be replaced by " ” shape can be any shape as long as the shape matches the shape of the rod member.

[0113] like Fig.10 As shown, the recess 423 may be located between two adjacent support frames 422. Fig.11As shown, the recess 423 may be configured to match in shape with the seating guide block 315 of the busbar frame 310 .

[0114] Next, refer to Figures 11 to 13 The assembly structure and the fixing structure between the substrate 420 and the plurality of unit components 100 are described.

[0115] Each of the monomer components 100 includes a busbar frame assembly 300 equipped with a placement guide block 315, and the base plate 420 has a recess 423 at each specific position. The number of the placement guide blocks 315 provided in the monomer components 100 is the same as the number of the recesses 423 provided in the base plate 420. In addition, the recesses 423 may be provided on the edge area of ​​the base plate 420, so that when the placement guide blocks 315 of each monomer component 100 are inserted into the recesses 423 corresponding thereto, the monomer components 100 are placed to be spaced apart from each other by a predetermined distance on the base plate 420. In addition, each of the monomer components 100 is provided with a retaining plate 314, which is placed to contact the upper surface of the support frame 422.

[0116] Since the battery pack 10 according to the present disclosure includes the above-mentioned configuration, if the respective cell assemblies 100 are assembled to the base plate 420 so that the seating guide block 315 and the recess 423 are coupled to each other by shape matching, as shown in FIG. Fig.11 As shown, the plurality of monomer components 100 can be easily placed in their correct positions on the substrate 420 .

[0117] In addition, since the placement guide block 315 is inserted through shape matching to be placed on the recess 423 between the two support frames 422, each single unit assembly 100 can be placed in the recess 423 between the two support frames 422. Fig.11 The substrate 420 is fixed in the ±Y axis direction.

[0118] refer to Fig.12 When the monomer assembly 100 is placed on the substrate 420 by inserting the corresponding placement guide block 315 into the corresponding recess 423, the corresponding placement guide block 315 and the support frame 422 can be configured to form a continuous assembly wall 424 along the arrangement direction of the monomer assembly 100.

[0119] The component wall 424 may have a rod insertion portion 424a, the outer surface of which is recessed inward. Fig.12 As shown, the rod member 500 can be inserted into the rod insertion portion 424a. The rod member 500 can be configured in the form of a tube whose length corresponds to the length of the component wall 424. In addition, the rod member 500 is preferably made of a metal material (such as steel) having excellent rigidity. The rod member 500 can be applied to both edge areas of the substrate 420 in substantially the same manner (see Fig. 9 ).

[0120] Meanwhile, a fixing bracket may be mounted to the base plate 420 to prevent the rod member 500 from being easily separated from the rod insertion portion 424a. Figure 2 As shown, after the rod member 500 is inserted into the rod insertion portion 424 a , the fixing bracket may be coupled to the support frame 422 of the base plate 420 .

[0121] According to this implementation configuration, all the cell assemblies 100 can be fixed to the base plate 420 in the ±X-axis direction, the ±Y-axis direction, and the ±Z-axis direction. That is, each cell assembly 100 is sandwiched between the support frames 422 (in both edge regions) of the base plate 420, so that its movement in the ±X-direction is restricted. Fig.13 As shown, the rod member 500 is inserted into the placement guide block 315 of each monomer assembly 100, so the movement in the ±X axis direction and the ±Z axis direction is restricted. In addition, as described above, the placement guide block 315 of each monomer assembly 100 is inserted into the recess 423, so the movement in the ±Y axis direction is restricted.

[0122] refer to Fig. 9 , Fig.10 and Fig.13 According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a substrate 420 may include a support rib 421a and at least one lower exhaust hole 425, wherein the support rib 421a protrudes from the bottom surface 421 in a grid structure and supports the cell stack to be spaced apart from the bottom surface 421, and the at least one lower exhaust hole 425 is formed to pass through the bottom surface 421.

[0123] The support rib 421a may help increase the strength of the base plate 420. In particular, the support rib 421a may include a strap support portion 421b that protrudes upward more than other portions at a specific position. The specific position corresponds to the strap member 230 or 260. For example, Fig.13 As shown, the strap support portion 421b may be located below the first bottom strap member 230b or the second bottom strap member 260b. In this case, the battery cell 101 may be spaced apart from the bottom surface 421 of the substrate 420 by a predetermined distance without directly contacting the support rib 421a.

[0124] Therefore, a buffer space J1 can be obtained between the cell stack and the bottom surface 421 of the substrate 420, as shown in FIG. Figures 13 to 15 When gas or the like is ejected from a specific battery cell 101 , the buffer space J1 may be used as a gas flow path.

[0125] Meanwhile, the battery cell 101 is a pouch-type battery cell 101 , and a three-side sealed pouch-type battery cell 101 in which a lower edge portion is sealed may be employed.

[0126] Specifically, the pouch-type battery cell 101 may have a receiving portion and an edge portion. Here, the receiving portion may be designated as a portion that receives an electrode assembly obtained by stacking a positive electrode plate and a negative electrode plate on each other with a separator interposed therebetween. In addition, the edge portion may be designated as a portion surrounding the receiving portion.

[0127] In particular, the edge portion may be a sealing portion at which the outer bag shell as the outer shell of the pouch-type battery cell 101 is heat-melted and sealed. The edge portions may be located at the upper edge, the lower edge, the front edge, and the rear edge, respectively, relative to the receiving portion. In this case, all four edge portions of the pouch-type battery cell 101 may be sealing portions, or some of the four edge portions may be configured to be folded rather than configured as sealing portions. For example, the lower edge portion E1, the front edge portion, and the rear edge portion may all be sealing portions, but the upper edge portion may be a folded portion of the outer bag shell.

[0128] As described above, the pouch-type battery cell 101 in which all four edge portions are sealed is referred to as a four-side sealed cell, and the battery cell 101 in which three edge portions are sealed is referred to as a three-side sealed cell.

[0129] like Fig.15 As shown, in the battery cell 101 according to the present embodiment, the cell stack may be configured such that the upper edge portion where the outer pouch is simply folded is directed toward the pack cover 410 , and such that the lower edge portion E1 where the outer pouch is sealed is directed toward the substrate 420 .

[0130] In the case of the pouch-type battery cell 101, if gas is generated to continuously increase the internal pressure, the lower edge portion E1 may be opened first due to the deterioration of its sealing, so that the gas or high-temperature particles (active materials or electrode members detached from the electrode assembly) may be ejected toward the substrate 420 through the lower edge portion E1. In this case, since the buffer space J1 is provided between the cell stack and the substrate 420 as described above, the gas or particles may be easily discharged.

[0131] The substrate 420 may be made of a metal material having high rigidity and fire resistance, which can withstand high-temperature gas, particles, flames, etc. In order to increase the fire resistance of the substrate 420 , the substrate 420 may have a fire-resistant coating on the bottom surface 421 .

[0132] Meanwhile, as described above, the plurality of cell assemblies 100 according to the embodiment of the present disclosure are fixed to the substrate 420 to be spaced apart from each other by a predetermined distance.

[0133] As described above, since the plurality of monomer components are spaced apart from each other, between the monomer components 100, that is, between Fig.12 At the positions indicated by G2, G4 and G6 in FIG. 1 , air layers K1 are provided. In addition, as described above, the air layers K1 are formed at Fig.12 At positions indicated by G1, G3, G5, and G7 in the figure, these positions correspond to the portions between the first cell stack 110 and the second cell stack 120 spaced apart from each other in each cell assembly 100. Therefore, the air layer K1 exists between all the cell stacks constituting the battery pack 10 according to the present disclosure.

[0134] These air layers K1 may serve to limit heat transfer between all the cell stacks included in the battery pack, and serve as movement paths for gas when gas is generated from the battery cells.

[0135] The battery pack cover 410 of this embodiment may have an upper vent hole 411 formed through the battery pack cover 410, and the substrate 420 may have a lower vent hole 425 formed through the substrate 420. The upper vent hole 411 and the lower vent hole 425 may be formed to be symmetrical to each other in the vertical direction. In addition, the upper vent hole 411, the air layer K1, and the lower vent hole 425 may be configured to match each other in the vertical direction, such as Fig.14 and Fig.15 shown.

[0136] According to the configuration of the battery pack 10 of the present disclosure described above, the following effects can be obtained.

[0137] For example, Fig.16 As shown, if thermal runaway occurs in a certain battery cell 101 (hereinafter referred to as a trigger cell) among the battery cells 101 constituting the second cell stack 120 of the first cell assembly 100, the propagation of heat generated from the trigger cell is limited within the second cell stack 120 including the trigger cell. Specifically, the air layer K1 between the second cell stack 120 of the first cell assembly 100 and the first cell stack 110 of the first cell assembly 100, and the air layer K1 between the second cell stack 120 of the first cell assembly 100 and the first cell stack 110 of the second cell assembly 100 can block the propagation of the heat.

[0138] In addition, if the gas generated in the trigger cell during thermal runaway causes the internal pressure to increase, the sealing portion of the outer bag shell may be ruptured, so that the high-temperature gas may be ejected. At this time, since the battery cell 101 is placed so that the lower edge portion having the sealing portion faces the substrate 420, most of the gas generated from the battery cell 101 can be guided to advance toward the substrate 420.

[0139] As described above, the battery pack 10 according to the present embodiment has a buffer space J1 between the bottom surface 421 of the substrate 420 and the cell stack, and the buffer space J1 is used as an exhaust path for the gas. In addition, the battery pack 10 includes an air layer K1 between the first cell stack 110 and the second cell stack 120 of each cell assembly 100, and an air layer K1 between two cell assemblies 100 adjacent to each other, and the battery pack 10 is configured so that the upper portion of each air layer K1 is connected to the upper exhaust hole 411 of the battery pack cover 410, and the lower portion of each air layer K1 is connected to the lower exhaust hole 425 of the substrate 420. Therefore, the gas ejected from the battery cell 101 can pass through the buffer space J1 and / or the air layer K1, and can be discharged to the outside of the battery pack 10 via the upper exhaust hole 411 or the lower exhaust hole 425.

[0140] In particular, in the battery pack 10 according to the embodiment, the buffer space J1 between the cell stack and the bottom surface 421 of the substrate 420, and the upper exhaust holes 411 and the lower exhaust holes 425 corresponding to the air layer K1 between the cell stacks 110 and 120 are provided in the battery pack housing 400. Therefore, the high-temperature and high-pressure gas generated from the battery cell 101 can be uniformly distributed and discharged to the outside of the battery pack housing 400. Therefore, when the gas is discharged from the battery cell 101, the collapse or deformation of the battery pack 10 can be prevented.

[0141] Meanwhile, the energy storage system according to the present disclosure may be configured to include one or more battery packs 10 as described above.

[0142] Additionally, the energy storage system may also include a master battery management system for integrated control of the battery packs.

[0143] Although the present disclosure has been described with reference to specific embodiments and the accompanying drawings, the present disclosure is not limited to the above-mentioned specific embodiments, and it should be noted that various changes and modifications may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the present disclosure as claimed in the claims.

[0144] Meanwhile, although terms indicating directions such as up, down, left, right, forward, and backward are used in this specification, it is obvious to those skilled in the art that these terms are merely for convenience of explanation and may vary depending on the position of the target object or the position of the observer.

Claims

1. A battery pack comprising: at least one monomer component; and a battery housing configured to house the at least one cell assembly, Wherein, the monomer component comprises: two or more cell stacks, the cell stacks comprising stacked battery cells; a cell pressurizing unit disposed at outermost positions on both sides of each cell stack in a stacking direction of the battery cells and configured to provide a pressing force to each cell stack; and A bus bar frame assembly is disposed at the front and rear of the cell stack in a direction crossing the stacking direction of the battery cells and is configured to electrically connect the battery cells and integrally support the two or more cell stacks and the cell pressurizing unit.

2. The battery pack according to claim 1, in, The battery cell is a pouch-type battery cell, The cell stack includes: a first cell stack; and a second cell stack, wherein the second cell stack is separated from the first cell stack by a predetermined distance and is placed parallel to the first cell stack, and Wherein, an air layer is arranged between the first cell stack and the second cell stack.

3. The battery pack according to claim 2, in, The monomer pressurizing unit comprises: a first left pressurizing unit, the first left pressurizing unit being in contact with the leftmost battery cell of the first cell stack; a first right pressurizing unit, the first right pressurizing unit being in contact with the rightmost battery cell of the first cell stack; a second left pressing unit, the second left pressing unit being in contact with the leftmost battery cell of the second cell stack; and A second right pressing unit is in contact with a rightmost battery cell of the second cell stack.

4. The battery pack according to claim 3, in, Each of the first left pressurizing unit, the first right pressurizing unit, the second left pressurizing unit, and the second right pressurizing unit includes a rigid plate made of a metal material having high mechanical rigidity or made of a reinforced plastic material.

5. The battery pack according to claim 4, in, Each of the first left pressure unit, the first right pressure unit, the second left pressure unit, and the second right pressure unit further includes: an insulating sheet attached to a surface of the rigid plate; and A compressible pad having one surface in contact with the insulating sheet and another surface in contact with the battery cell.

6. The battery pack according to claim 3, in, The first right pressing unit and the second left pressing unit are spaced apart from each other by a predetermined distance, and Wherein, an air layer is arranged between the first right pressurizing unit and the second left pressurizing unit.

7. The battery pack according to claim 3, in, The busbar frame assembly comprises: a central insertion portion into which an end portion of the first right pressurizing unit and an end portion of the second left pressurizing unit are inserted, and wherein the central insertion portion includes a gap maintaining protrusion that protrudes into a space between the end portion of the first right pressing unit and the end portion of the second left pressing unit.

8. The battery pack according to claim 3, in, The monomer pressurizing unit further comprises: a first strap member, one end of which is fixedly coupled to the first left pressurizing unit, and the other end of which is fixedly coupled to the first right pressurizing unit, and the first strap member is configured to span the first cell stack in a width direction of the first cell stack so as to partially surround at least one of a top and a bottom of the first cell stack; and A second strap member, one end of which is fixedly connected to the second left pressure unit, and the other end of which is fixedly connected to the second right pressure unit, and the second strap member is configured to span the second single cell stack in the width direction of the second single cell stack so as to partially surround at least one of the top and the bottom of the second single cell stack.

9. The battery pack according to claim 3, in, The busbar frame assembly comprises: a bus bar frame made of an electrically insulating material and configured to have a size capable of covering the front end face or the rear end face of the first cell stack and the second cell stack; and A plurality of bus bars, which are made of a metal material, are mounted to the bus bar frame and connected to electrode leads of the battery cells.

10. The battery pack according to claim 1, in, The at least one single unit component is a plurality of single unit components arranged side by side, and Wherein, the battery pack housing comprises: a base plate configured to support the plurality of monomer assemblies at bottoms of the plurality of monomer assemblies; and A battery pack cover is configured to cover the plurality of cell assemblies and is coupled to the base plate.

11. The battery pack according to claim 10, in, The substrate comprises: a support frame provided in an edge region extending in an arrangement direction of the cell assemblies and configured to protrude upward at predetermined intervals in the arrangement direction of the cell assemblies and to support the bus bar frame assembly of each cell assembly; and a recess, the recess being arranged between adjacent support frames, and Wherein, the busbar frame assembly of each single assembly comprises: a holding plate placed on an upper surface of the supporting frame; and A seating guide block protrudes downward from the holding plate so as to be inserted into the recess corresponding to the seating guide block.

12. The battery pack according to claim 11, in, When the monomer components are placed on the substrate by inserting the corresponding placement guide blocks into the recesses corresponding to the corresponding placement guide blocks, the corresponding placement guide blocks and the support frame are configured to form a continuous component wall along the arrangement direction of the monomer components, wherein the component wall has a rod insertion portion, the outer surface of the rod insertion portion is recessed inwardly, and A rod member is inserted into the rod insertion portion, and a length of the rod member corresponds to a length of the component wall.

13. The battery pack according to claim 10, in, The battery cell is a pouch-type battery cell, wherein the pouch-type battery cell includes an outer pouch case configured to store an electrode assembly, and the outer pouch case has a lower edge portion, a front edge portion, and a rear edge portion that are thermally welded, wherein the cell stack is placed such that the lower edge portion of the outer bag shell points toward the base plate, and Wherein, the substrate comprises: supporting ribs configured to protrude from a bottom surface in a lattice structure and support the cell stack to be spaced apart from the bottom surface; and At least one exhaust hole is formed through the bottom surface.

14. The battery pack according to claim 10, in, An air layer is provided between the cell stacks which are spaced apart from each other by a predetermined distance along a stacking direction of the battery cells, wherein the battery pack cover has an upper exhaust hole formed through the battery pack cover, wherein the substrate has a lower exhaust hole formed to pass through the substrate, and Wherein, the upper exhaust hole, the air layer and the lower exhaust hole are configured to match each other in a vertical direction.

15. An energy storage system comprising the battery pack according to any one of claims 1 to 14.

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